[HN Gopher] Rossiya - Special Flight Squadron Flight RSD88 from ...
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       Rossiya - Special Flight Squadron Flight RSD88 from St Petersburg
       to Washington
        
       Author : mjlee
       Score  : 86 points
       Date   : 2022-03-05 11:42 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.flightradar24.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.flightradar24.com)
        
       | heikkilevanto wrote:
       | Maybe it has a special permission, to evacuate embassy personnel
       | or such. Maybe it also carries a small nuke.
        
         | ncallaway wrote:
         | It has special permission to evacuate embassy personal.
        
       | secondcoming wrote:
       | The live tracker: https://www.flightradar24.com/RSD088/2b07dd1e
        
       | Scoundreller wrote:
       | > No U.S airlines currently fly into any Russian cities, and
       | those that flew over Russia's vast airspace to Asia had already
       | been rerouting out of an abundance of caution. That adds time and
       | burns a lot more fuel, increasing costs.
       | 
       | Yes and no. If you add a refueling stop to a long-haul flight, it
       | can save enough fuel to make up for the rerouting. (Long-haul
       | flying is really inefficient because you have to take-off/carry
       | _all_ the fuel needed to make it to your destination).
       | 
       | e.g. a flight from NYC-Paris-Delhi is only 5.5% longer distance
       | than direct, even though it now routes over europe instead of a
       | direct polar route over Russia
       | 
       | http://www.gcmap.com/mapui?P=nyc-del,+nyc-cdg-del
       | 
       | (This isn't perfect, it still shows a bit of routing over Russia,
       | but you get the idea). And you still have staffing costs, landing
       | costs, etc. Weather related routings, night-time landing
       | restrictions, etc.
        
         | messe wrote:
         | > Yes and no. If you add a refueling stop to a long-haul
         | flight, it can save enough fuel to make up for the rerouting.
         | (Long-haul flying is really inefficient because you have to
         | take-off/carry all the fuel needed to make it to your
         | destination).
         | 
         | It seems obvious, but I always forget that the rocket equation
         | applies in aviation as well. The massive difference in fuel
         | efficiencies when you get your oxidizer for free tends to
         | overshadow it.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | And using smaller airframes (because you can run
           | smaller/lighter fuel tanks, along with lower drag) can add to
           | those efficiency gains:
           | 
           | > the total fuel consumption of a 7,200 NM flight can be
           | reduced by up to 15% by making an intermediate stop half way,
           | while using conventional existing long-haul aircraft. When
           | the aircraft is specifically designed for medium-range
           | operations (such as e.g. the Airbus A300), the total fuel
           | savings could increase to 27%.
           | 
           | From: "Evaluation of intermediate stop operations in long-
           | haul flights"
           | 
           | NYC to Delhi is at 6400 NM.
        
           | sigmoid10 wrote:
           | The rocket equation doesn't apply here, because planes don't
           | just get their oxidizer for free, they get the whole reaction
           | mass as well. So they generate forward momentum in a
           | different way. Additionally, once a plane reaches cruising
           | altitude, the only energy losses are due to air resistance,
           | because the lift vector from the wings and the gravitational
           | pull are antiparallel to each other and perpendicular to the
           | direction of motion. The commenter above is still correct
           | though, because the energy needed during ascent is
           | proportional to mass times height. So if you can cut the fuel
           | in half by limiting the total range, you can save a huge
           | amount of energy (i.e. fuel) during ascent.
        
             | newaccount74 wrote:
             | A plane is not a satellite. You need to constantly expend
             | energy to keep it in the air. The more weight is on the
             | plane, the more lift you need. To get a bigger lift, you
             | need to angle the control surfaces steeper, which increases
             | drag.
             | 
             | Therefore transporting heavy things by air (like fuel) is
             | extremely inefficient.
        
               | sigmoid10 wrote:
               | That's a common misconception. In level flight, when you
               | align the lift and gravity vectors correctly, they do not
               | expend energy as work. Only 100% symmetric wings (as seen
               | e.g. on acrobatic planes) require a constant positive
               | angle of attack to generate lift. By using "normal" flat-
               | bottomed wings and minimizing air resistance from forward
               | motion, you can effectively glide huge distances using
               | only the energy you get from slightly lowering your
               | altitude in the gravitational field (downward motion
               | component parallel to the gravitational vector equals
               | work done on the plane to keep its forward velocity
               | constant and balance losses from drag). Mass gets
               | cancelled out there, because forward drag doesn't act on
               | it and you also get more energy back from the
               | gravitational field while descending. With an infinitely
               | thin frame (=zero air resistance) or by using thermal
               | updrafts, you could even stay in the air indefinitely.
               | That's how glider planes work without any engine and why
               | commercial jets at cruising altitude (very low drag up
               | there) have some of the best fuel economy per person of
               | all forms of travel. That's also how airlines can offer
               | tickets at prices from which you wouldn't even be able to
               | pay for gas when you drive the trip by car. Ryanair for
               | example can fly you from Rome to London _and_ back for
               | ~40EUR. You 'd be hard pressed to find a car that uses
               | less than 40EUR worth of fuel for just one leg of this
               | trip, even if it could drive in a straight line. Flying
               | itself is really cheap - it's everything else around
               | aviation that's expensive.
               | 
               | Edit: I should probably add that this is different for
               | cars. Cars don't just have aerodynamic drag, they also
               | have rolling drag, mostly from small displacements of the
               | tires where they contact the ground. If you ever tried to
               | ride a bike with low tire pressure you'll know what I'm
               | talking about. A heavy car that has the same aerodynamic
               | cross section as a lighter car (think two cars of the
               | same make/model, but one fully loaded and one empty) will
               | have more rolling drag and thus use more energy/fuel. Two
               | planes of the same model but with different mass will
               | roughly consume the same fuel during level flight (there
               | are slight higher order effects that I've glanced over
               | here, but they are neglectable in the big picture).
        
               | jonsen wrote:
               | > Mass gets cancelled out there, ...
               | 
               | Two equal airplanes but with different weight can glide
               | the same distance, same glide angle, but the heavier
               | plane will have greater airspeed to give the extra lift
               | needed for the extra weight.
        
               | roelschroeven wrote:
               | Your explanation is misguided and half-truth at best.
               | 
               | Every airplane needs wings that generate lift to support
               | its weight, and heavier airplanes need more lift. That
               | lift does not come for free, except (if I'm not mistaken)
               | in the theoretical case of infinitely long wings. To
               | generate lift, a wing necessarily bends the stream of air
               | downwards; that's it reaction mass.
               | 
               | Different references are used for angle of attack: some
               | say zero angle of attack corresponds to zero coefficient
               | of lift (called the absolute angle of attack), others try
               | to align the reference with the chord line of the wing
               | (geometric angle of attack). Obviously for symmetric
               | wings the two are the same. In the case of geometric
               | angle of attack, you could say a wing generates lift even
               | with zero angle of attack. That doesn't mean that that
               | lift comes for free! To generate more lift, the wing
               | still needs a higher angle of attack (or more airspeed).
               | 
               | Higher angle of attack means more drag. There's just no
               | way around it.
               | 
               | Gliders can stay in the air for very long times because
               | they have very large lift-to-drag ratios, and hence very
               | shallow glideslopes. They descend slowly, and the pilot
               | tries to find rising air (thermals, ridge lift, lee
               | waves) that rises faster than the plane descends. But
               | make no mistake, even it those cases the plane still
               | descends compared to its surrounding air.
               | 
               | So no, two identical planes but with different mass will
               | most certainly not consume the same amount of fuel during
               | level flight. The heavier plane will consume much more
               | than the lighter one (depending of course on the
               | difference in weight between the two), and the difference
               | will be much larger than the difference between to
               | identical cars carrying different loads.
               | 
               | See "See How It Flies" (https://www.av8n.com/how/) for a
               | relatively gentle introduction to the physics of flight.
        
               | tehjoker wrote:
               | Does this apply to cars? I always wonder if there's a
               | mileage bonus for riding with a half empty tank.
        
               | ac29 wrote:
               | Sure, it takes less fuel to move a car that moves less,
               | but fuel is an nearly irrelevant fraction of total weight
               | in most cars. A gallon of petrol weighs about 6 lbs.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | But what's the math on mpg difference for moving an extra
               | 60 lbs? It's probably pretty negligible but without
               | actual numbers, can't actually say.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | A heavy car takes more energy to get up to speed. The
               | extra weight also "stores" more energy once you get up to
               | speed, but that's useless when you don't have
               | regenerative braking. Also I'd imagine that rolling
               | resistance would be higher when the car is heavier.
        
               | roelschroeven wrote:
               | As gruez says, a heavier car needs more fuel to
               | accelerate and has more rolling resistance. It also needs
               | more fuel to drive up a slope. Some of these can be
               | regained in a car with regenerative braking, but even
               | than only partially because there are always losses.
               | 
               | But the difference is not nearly as large as it is for
               | airplanes. Having your fuel tank only half full means
               | more trips to the gas station, which might even negate
               | all gains you try to make.
               | 
               | It seems a good idea though not to drive around with
               | things live heavy tools all the time when you don't need
               | them.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | This is what this is all about:
       | 
       | https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/28/us-expelling-russia...
       | 
       | Interesting that even with the special authorization the plane
       | was not given permission to transit EU airspace.
        
         | throwthere wrote:
         | It's probably simply just easier to fly around then ask for
         | permission.
        
       | jaynetics wrote:
       | Are they coming to pick up expelled diplomats?
        
         | sandstrom wrote:
         | Yes, though they were spies under diplomat cover.
         | 
         | The US has the same setup in Moscow too though. Among "non-
         | friendly countries" it's common that close to half of embassy
         | staff are actually spies or at least 'intelligence analysts'.
        
           | kingcharles wrote:
           | Yes, the words they always use are embassy personnel
           | conducting "non-diplomatic activities"
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/AFP/status/1498392471851741202
           | 
           | The spy world isn't opaque. Each country knows who most of
           | the spies are. They generally operate out of special sections
           | of the primary embassy in each country.
           | 
           | Almost all spies act under diplomatic cover so that they have
           | immunity when they get caught. Operating without that cover
           | is a risky mission which normally means your host country
           | can't save you and will deny you.
           | 
           | Each country just allows the spies to pretty much go about
           | their business, follows them from the embassy when they can,
           | and then uses them as pawns when necessary, like this.
        
             | cutemonster wrote:
             | When the other country knows already that they are spies,
             | doesn't that make their job harder? What can they actually
             | get done, I wonder
        
               | amaranth wrote:
               | You either feed them junk so they waste time filtering
               | out the good intel from the bad, use them as a
               | communications backchannel, or both.
        
           | lawlorino wrote:
           | Do you have a source for that?
           | 
           | Edit: seems people misread my intention, I am challenging the
           | parent response because it reads like something out of a spy
           | novel with nothing to back it up.
        
             | engineer_22 wrote:
             | Why have an embassy staffed full of people in a foreign
             | country if not gather information? "Spy" is used sort of
             | loosely here, I think.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | vagrantJin wrote:
             | Where do you get a complete list of spies and their
             | activities if you do not work for covert operations
             | government agency ala Edward Snowden?
        
               | toomanyrichies wrote:
               | Your comment is valid- it's likely unreasonable to expect
               | evidence for this claim in particular to be furnishable.
               | 
               | That said, if OP can't provide evidence for the
               | percentages they mention, perhaps the bigger problem is
               | that they shouldn't have made the claim in the first
               | place.
        
             | epgui wrote:
             | It's true even of friendly countries.
        
               | robin_reala wrote:
               | Yep. See Harry Dunn's manslaughter for an example of a US
               | spy in the UK under the pretense of diplomatic cover.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Harry_Dunn
        
               | mike-the-mikado wrote:
               | A CIA employee working at listening station based at an
               | RAF base in the UK (presumably listening into
               | transmissions from e.g. Russia) is rather different from
               | spies based at the Russian embassy in Washington.
        
               | rjsw wrote:
               | Anne Sacoolas, who killed Harry Dunn, was not working at
               | the RAF base. She had also not been declared as a CIA
               | employee to the UK government.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | You've got to be kidding? There are no reliable sources on
             | numbers of spies, by definition.
        
             | aceazzameen wrote:
             | Not OP, but I read about this in a book by an ex-CIA guy a
             | long time ago. I think even friendly nations do it to each
             | other too. It's like an unwritten rule to have spies in
             | embassies. Of course, I don't know how much was
             | sensationalized, but it somewhat makes sense to keep tabs
             | on everyone else if everyone is doing it.
             | 
             | Also, this is why counter-intelligence exists in every
             | nation. Watching embassies is part of what they do.
        
               | progre wrote:
               | '... spies?' I thought we were chums with the Low King!'
               | 'Of course we are,' said Vetinari. 'And the more we know
               | about each other, the friendlier we shall remain. We'd
               | hardly bother to spy on our enemies. What would be the
               | point?'
        
               | AniseAbyss wrote:
               | Nothing wrong with spying, it keeps the world safe in a
               | way if your intelligence agency can tell you the enemy
               | isn't planning a sneak attack.
        
             | NelsonMinar wrote:
             | This discussion has gone poorly but I think it's a totally
             | fair question to ask for a source. I can't find anything to
             | corroborate the "close to half" number but here's a couple
             | of articles about diplomatic staff being spies.
             | 
             | https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-43556816
             | 
             | https://apnews.com/article/north-america-ap-top-news-wa-
             | stat...
        
           | toyg wrote:
           | _> though they were spies under diplomat cover_
           | 
           | Pretty much all diplomats are spies, whether officially or
           | unofficially. Their work involves learning and understanding
           | things about the counterpart, openly or otherwise, and
           | reporting their findings. The main difference is that the
           | official spooks take more risks and carry out more direct
           | action.
           | 
           |  _> Among  "non-friendly countries"_
           | 
           | Among _all_ countries. Any embassy of note (say, US in
           | Germany, or French in Algeria, etc) hosts at least a few
           | actual spooks at any given time.
        
         | tus666 wrote:
         | Why would the US pick return its diplomats in a Russian il96?
         | That website is amazing too, I am surprised so much data is
         | publicly available.
        
           | colanderman wrote:
           | The US is not picking up its diplomats; it has expelled
           | Russia's diplomats.
        
           | mike_d wrote:
           | FlightRadar24, FlightAware, etc. are actually heavily
           | censored. As a recipient of FAA radar data they have to agree
           | to remove planes owned by rich people and corporations that
           | don't want to be publicly visible.
           | https://www.faa.gov/nextgen/equipadsb/privacy/
           | 
           | ADSBExchange.com does not accept FAA data or process any
           | removal requests.
        
             | nickphx wrote:
             | That's not how ADSB works.. FlightRadar/FlightAware do not
             | have an "FAA Radar feed", they have a network of rtlSDRs
             | listening for ADSB traffic. They offer the removal of the
             | public display of flights, you can still purchase a
             | commercial account to view them..
             | 
             | https://flightaware.com/adsb/flightfeeder/
        
               | chinathrow wrote:
               | They are using FAA data next to regular data provided by
               | ADSB data feeders, and yes, the FAA is having their data
               | feed censored to some degree.
               | 
               | https://forum.flightradar24.com/forum/radar-
               | forums/flightrad...
        
           | ncallaway wrote:
           | The US doesn't pick a flight.
           | 
           | The US says: "You're not welcome, you have XX hours to leave
           | the country". The diplomatic personnel have to figure out
           | their own ride home. Normally that's fine (private charter
           | flight, commercial, whatever), but in this case there are few
           | (no?) flights to Russia, and the Russian's can't fly there
           | due to airspace restrictions.
           | 
           | So in this case, Russia asked for a special exemption to the
           | US airspace restriction so it could get its personnel out.
           | The US said "fine", and the Russians are flying the IL-96 in
           | to pick up its personnel
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | The FAA ban has an exception for diplomatic flights:
             | "EXCEPT ... STATE AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS GRANTED A DIPLOMATIC
             | CLEARANCE BY THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE"
             | 
             | There are commercial options, e.g. flying to Turkey, the
             | Middle East, China, India etc and taking a connecting
             | flight to Moscow. But Russia probably doesn't want a large
             | group of their spies and families travelling together on a
             | commercial flight.
        
         | vbezhenar wrote:
         | Yes.
        
       | bengalister wrote:
       | We can still see:
       | 
       | * a private jet flying from Munich(UPEM008) to Moscow
       | 
       | * a commercial flight leaving Moscow to Berlin (Bulgarian Air
       | LZBRU)
       | 
       | * a private jet flying over Lithuania from Moscow (4XCUZ)
       | 
       | and
       | 
       | * a RAF aircraft (RRR7240) patrolling over Poland close to the
       | Ukrainian border
       | 
       | * An Istanbul to Minsk flight (Belavia 2784) flying east over
       | Georgia, then far east from Volgograd then west to Minsk
        
         | glogla wrote:
         | I just saw Boeing C-32 (e.g. the Air Force Two) fly from Poland
         | to Moldova. I wonder what that is about.
        
           | chinathrow wrote:
           | There is a shitload of mil aircraft up in the air at any time
           | of the day now but more during european daytime.
           | 
           | Just head over to the uncensored flight tracking site
           | ADSBExchange.
           | 
           | https://globe.adsbexchange.com/?mil
        
           | pcardoso wrote:
           | Perhaps this?
           | 
           | https://www.reuters.com/world/us/top-us-diplomat-blinken-
           | go-...
        
       | CodeWriter23 wrote:
       | https://fair.org/home/calling-russias-attack-unprovoked-lets...
        
       | belter wrote:
       | This is a Russian government Ilyushin currently en route from St.
       | Petersburg to Washington. As the United States has a Russia
       | flight ban, assumptions are that the airplane has special
       | authorization.
       | 
       | Last three flights of this airplane:
       | 
       | 04 Mar 2022 Moscow (VKO) - St. Petersburg (LED)
       | 
       | 03 Mar 2022 Brest (Belarus)(BQT) - Moscow (VKO)
       | 
       | 02 Mar 2022 Moscow (VKO) - Brest (Belarus) (BQT)
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | anjel wrote:
       | Lost on the news cycle but rich in the subtle language of
       | diplomacy was that notice of the expulsion was delivered while
       | the Russian senior diplomat was conducting a press conference.
       | https://youtu.be/yLaX-035hOo?t=161
        
         | NicoJuicy wrote:
         | What a coincidence, that's the first time I see a diplomat
         | taking a call during a live press conference.
         | 
         | "Sorry, I have to take this"
        
         | mechanical_bear wrote:
         | They were informed beforehand. He took that call from one of
         | his cronies in order to make a point that the US is the one
         | violating international norms, etc. by PNGing those Russian
         | diplomats. (Which is nonsense, given the context.)
        
       | jonasenordin wrote:
       | It seems that the plane had to go all the way around the closed
       | airspaces of Finland and Norway (well, Scandinavia) to reach the
       | Atlantic. Or maybe it's the projection.
        
         | nirav72 wrote:
         | Most aircrafts traveling west from Asia or Eurasia on a direct
         | flight take a polar route to get to North America. If not over
         | the north pole, at least as close to artic circle as possible.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mjlee wrote:
         | https://www.greatcirclemap.com/?routes=LED-IAD - doesn't looks
         | like it was because of the great circle route.
        
         | georgecmu wrote:
         | The usual route from Moscow and St. Petersburg to the Eastern
         | seaboard is over Norway and Greenland, but since the EU
         | airspace is closed to Russian flights, the routes to e.g
         | Cancun, Punta Cana, Porlamar, etc. have to take a detour over
         | Kola Peninsula and the fly over the Atlantic parallel to the
         | North American coast. The detour adds maybe 30 minutes to the
         | flight time.
         | 
         | The reciprocal closure of Russian airspace over Siberia to
         | European and US airlines has a bigger impact on cross-
         | continental flights. The London-Tokyo has been trending in the
         | news, since it's now 3 hours longer and has to go over Alaska,
         | _[but I think the bigger impact is on nonstop flights like
         | Washington, DC - New Delhi. These must be completely non-viable
         | now for US carriers.]_
         | 
         | edit: Chicago - Delhi was not actually routed over Siberia and
         | is only 1.5 hours longer now:
         | https://www.flightradar24.com/data/flights/ua898
        
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       (page generated 2022-03-05 23:01 UTC)