[HN Gopher] Global chip shortage may soon turn into an oversuppl...
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       Global chip shortage may soon turn into an oversupply crisis
        
       Author : hhs
       Score  : 256 points
       Date   : 2022-02-27 15:56 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (asia.nikkei.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (asia.nikkei.com)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Wanzy wrote:
        
       | nikanj wrote:
       | I have no idea how much of the chip supply is soaked by cryptos,
       | but I have a feeling the pop is going to be ugly
        
         | wyager wrote:
         | One upside of Bitcoin style mining is that its mining chips
         | can't be used for anything else (no GPUs, CPUs, FPGAs, or SSDs
         | used for Bitcoin mining - only special SHA256 ASICs), so it
         | doesn't have much effect on the supply of semiconductors
         | outside of a small number of older foundries allocating some
         | capacity to BTC chips. Other projects like Ethereum
         | intentionally used GPU-optimized mining algorithms, with the
         | idea that this would help decentralization (which hasn't really
         | worked for various reasons).
        
           | bcrl wrote:
           | Bitcoin ASICs are hardly on older process nodes. Intel's just
           | announced chips are using their 7nm process, Bitmain is on
           | TSMC 7nm and 5nm, while Microbit is on Samsung's 8nm.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | _Structurally, electrification, such as the mass production of
       | electric vehicles, and digitalization need semiconductors, mostly
       | of the high-end variety that can only be produced by the most
       | advanced semiconductor foundries_
       | 
       | There's nothing about electric car propulsion that requires "high
       | end semiconductors". Auto companies have been pricing electric
       | cars as a luxury product, and adding too much crap that has
       | nothing to do with the powertrain to justify that to buyers.
        
         | est31 wrote:
         | > There's nothing about electric car propulsion that requires
         | "high end semiconductors".
         | 
         | Fundamentally, no, but that doesn't mean that these cars have
         | been designed with chip availability in mind, so at least one
         | of the components in the cars relies on chips that are not in
         | supply. It's not a fundamental requirement but due to how they
         | are being built. The article is still wrong though, namely
         | because there is nothing special about electric cars. For ICE
         | cars, there are supply chain issues too.
        
           | sremani wrote:
           | I can put in the source -- but I read somewhere that EVs use
           | twice the number of "chips" compared to conventional cars.
           | 
           | edit: - here is a source -- but not the one I read in past.
           | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/chip-shortage-
           | thr....
        
         | nsm wrote:
         | Exactly! I would love to own a simple compact car like the
         | Honda Fit or similar with an electric drive train and without
         | leather seats, fancy wheels and various electronic assistive
         | driving features.
        
           | Tempest1981 wrote:
           | Chevy Bolt is a similar size. Or ID.3 (non-US). Or a used
           | eGolf.
        
           | pureliquidhw wrote:
           | Isn't that a Nissan leaf?
        
             | surfmike wrote:
             | It is, I'm quite happy with mine and you can find leases
             | dirt cheap. And actually their optional assistive driving
             | system works quite well.
        
               | FooHentai wrote:
               | I love our Leaf but ProPilot isn't that great, very much
               | version 0.1 of something that might be less crap in
               | future. The adaptive cruise control bit is fantastic but
               | lane following only works when you're on very well marked
               | roads that don't curve much i.e. highway driving and
               | comes with a page-long list of times when it just won't
               | work (driving into the sun, with wipers on, in fog, etc
               | etc). Anywhere other than the highway it'll dance on and
               | off every five seconds. Plus you have to weld your hands
               | to the wheel and continuously wiggle a little or it'll
               | turn itself off, which makes it mostly pointless.
               | 
               | Self-park is similarly crappy. Way too slow to be of any
               | use.
               | 
               | Unless you're buying new though it's certainly worth
               | getting one with ProPilot because the price difference in
               | the second hand market is practically nothing. I dunno if
               | the lower trim levels come with the 360 camera either but
               | that's a great feature as well.
        
         | fragmede wrote:
         | Tesla and BMW have, but they're hardly the entire electric car
         | market. Other all-electric vehicles like the Nissan Leaf EV
         | ($23k MSRP) or Chevy Bolt ($34k MSRP) are positively affordable
         | compared to a Tesla Model 3 ($45k MSRP) or BMW i3 ($44k MSRP).
         | Both of those are still cheap next to a Jaguar iPace ($70k
         | MSRP) or a Tesla Model S ($95k) though.
         | 
         | Keep in mind that even a Honda Civic starts off at $22k MSRP
         | these days.
        
           | tthun wrote:
           | I wish Tesla would cut the crap about self driving tech
           | (which is probably driving up their margins and their stock
           | value) and bring more affordable mass market cars to market.
           | Clearly selling high margin cars is good for business but one
           | can hope.
        
             | smsm42 wrote:
             | Why would they do that? Being a luxury brand has a lot of
             | advantages. No reason for them to dilute it with cheap
             | offerings - others could pick up that market, if they want
             | to.
        
             | arcticbull wrote:
             | I strongly suspect that would be a disaster for their stock
             | price.
             | 
             | They remain priced at $837B market cap (even after a
             | dramatic recent rout where Elon sold the top and is now
             | under SEC investigation for doing so), while Toyota has a
             | $300B market cap. Toyota makes ~8M cars per year [1]. Tesla
             | made 400K cars last year [2].
             | 
             | Toyota made 20X more cars and has a market cap just 36% of
             | TSLA.
             | 
             | There's a few ways cultists (err, sorry, investors) justify
             | this valuation gap.
             | 
             | 1. Self driving cars.
             | 
             | 2. High margins.
             | 
             | If you give up on self-driving and you start making lower-
             | margin cars, you start to look an awful lot like a car
             | company, which would mean you'd have to reduce their stock
             | price to just 10-20% of where it's at right now. From $800
             | to $80-160. And that's _generous_ , leaving room for some
             | of their fun pet projects like the always-next-year solar
             | roof tile [3].
             | 
             | [1] https://www.statista.com/statistics/267272/worldwide-
             | vehicle...
             | 
             | [2] https://backlinko.com/tesla-stats
             | 
             | [3] https://electrek.co/2022/02/02/tesla-supply-chain-
             | issues-ext...
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | The other auto makers are also in self driving '.they are
               | only doing quiet R&D, but if you are betting on
               | automation Tesla isn't the best long term bet even before
               | you look at potential upside.
        
           | peteradio wrote:
           | WTH wouldn't a car named leaf come in green. Hard pass!
        
             | KyeRussell wrote:
             | You'd think so. Unfortunately not.
        
           | daniel-grigg wrote:
           | Is that the US? Pricing can be weird depending on region. In
           | AU a leaf starts at $50K, a model3 at $60K, not much
           | difference really. The cheapest here actually is the MG at
           | 45K. But more competitors are starting to ramp so I expect
           | prices will drop across the board as EV becomes a commodity.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Automakers prefer low end chips because cars are an extreme
         | environment. Cars need to start at -70c and +50c. For that
         | latter one some of them need to work when it is sunny and they
         | are inside the car which adds a lot more.
        
         | deckar01 wrote:
         | The Ford F-150 Lightning's extended range battery is currently
         | only being offered as part of a $20k luxury electronics package
         | starting at the XLT trim. The XLT is itself a mostly cosmetic
         | $10k lighting package. You have to spend 80% over the base
         | price to increase the battery capacity 30%.
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | Stellantis is worse. The all-electric Jeep Wrangler is
           | supposed to come out in 2024 priced around $70,000. You have
           | to get the "Rubicon" "trim level", which used to mean
           | differential lockers and a lower low gear, but now includes
           | such things as "biometric owner identification".
           | 
           | This kind of thinking is going to result in Chinese electric
           | car manufacturers taking over the industry.
        
             | avalys wrote:
             | Your credibility is damaged by the fact that Stellantis has
             | not announced any all-electric Jeep Wrangler, certainly not
             | pricing or trim levels, and doesn't offer biometric owner
             | identification on any current or future models either.
             | 
             | You seem to be getting upset about a situation that exists
             | only in your (or someone else's) imagination.
        
             | ok123456 wrote:
             | People will shell out insane amounts of money because of
             | the Jeep brand. Clapped out, 10-year-old ones still can get
             | $20k, even if you tried to take it remotely "off-road" it
             | would break in 10 different ways.
             | 
             | If people made purely rational decisions when purchasing a
             | car, the only manufactures left would be Toyota and Honda.
        
               | jlawer wrote:
               | > If people made purely rational decisions when
               | purchasing a car, the only manufactures left would be
               | Toyota and Honda.
               | 
               | Not sure if this is different regions or just dated. In
               | Australia now, Honda is a joke. They are overpriced,
               | offer terrible support, etc. Toyota is quality beige,
               | overpriced but reliable, kind of like Sony TVs 15 years
               | ago before Samsung and LG became dominate.
               | 
               | Just like with TVs, the Korean companies (Hyundai & Kia)
               | are the smart money brands at least in the Australian
               | Market.
        
           | Casteil wrote:
           | Yep - makes the base model F150 Lightning feel like a 'loss
           | leader'
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | grogenaut wrote:
         | Are the power switching components similar to MOSFETs not a
         | relatively advanced and recent device?
         | 
         | Peoe usually think of advanced as Nvidia chips, but there are
         | other parts.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | Perhaps, but my guess is they don't need to operate at high
           | frequencies, which lowers the bar for complexity.
        
             | pwr-electronics wrote:
             | The do need high frequencies. It's orders of magnitude
             | slower than digital, but the amount of power being switched
             | presents entirely new problems. You could flip your
             | statement around and say that digital circuits are less
             | complex because they're low power. But that would be
             | equally meaningless.
             | 
             | Digital FETs are CMOS made with fins or whatever to switch
             | as fast as possible. Analog FETs are something else to make
             | clean predictable signals from mature manufacturing
             | processes. Power FETs are big arrays of trenches to not
             | destroy themselves. You can't really compare them. That
             | would be like comparing a racecar to a passenger van to a
             | mining truck. They're all vehicles, but they have different
             | purposes and metrics.
        
             | sigstoat wrote:
             | the slower your power MOSFET, the more power you waste and
             | heat you generate.
        
               | baybal2 wrote:
               | I am not an professional EE, but a person who
               | professionally works on circuits from time to time.
               | 
               | That's absolutely not the case. The higher is the
               | switching frequency, they higher are the switching losses
               | in a MOSFET.
               | 
               | MOSFET is an electro _static_ device, the charge needs to
               | both go in, and out from the gate. The more switching,
               | the more current goes through the gate back-and-forth.
        
               | pwr-electronics wrote:
               | You're talking about different things. A slow FET has a
               | slow rise time. It spends more time crossing through the
               | inefficient region between fully off and fully on.
               | Switching frequency is how often you cross in one
               | direction.
               | 
               | Up to a point, you can decrease total loss by trading
               | conduction loss for switching loss by increasing
               | frequency. After that point, you start losing efficiency
               | again. There's a sweet spot.
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | This is true, but if you don't switch very often, then it
               | doesn't matter as much :)
        
           | kurthr wrote:
           | MOSFETs (both Si/SiC and more recent GaN) switching
           | transistors may be made on special (Epi or Sapphire) wafers,
           | but the Fabs are very old school (e.g. 2-6in vs 12in for
           | CMOS) and the process geometries are practically neolithic
           | (e.g. 90s). Processing equipment is more limited by the lack
           | of desire to build or support something so old. Die sizes are
           | also quite reasonable (e.g. 4kW/cm2) However, there is still
           | enormous capacity for processing them around the world (both
           | in US/EU, and around Asia).
           | 
           | Perhaps, for the new GaN on Sapphire wafers there could be a
           | significant manufacturing limit? Mostly, those are used for
           | Blue LEDs today.
        
             | greggsy wrote:
             | Are GaN2 and 3 more exotic, r are they just newer
             | iterations of GaN?
        
               | kurthr wrote:
               | Those appear to marketing names applied to DC Chargers. I
               | suspect that the GaN2&3 refer to higher frequency
               | operation. This may be due to lower parasitic
               | capacitances, and would allow smaller
               | components/inductors to be used at comparable
               | efficiencies and lower cost. Certainly, the wafers and
               | materials seem to be the same.
        
           | pstrateman wrote:
           | High power MOSFETs are definitely advanced devices... but not
           | produced on the same process as say a CPU or GPU chip.
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | I suppose they need things ICE cars don't usually have, to
         | control multiple motors, a torque controller, regenerative
         | braking, battery management, charge controllers, electric
         | heating, and so on. But then ICE has to manage things they
         | don't, like O2 sensors, ignition timing, etc.
        
           | revax wrote:
           | Those functions don't require the most "high-end
           | semiconductors".
        
             | tyingq wrote:
             | High end for the embedded/automotive space, perhaps?
             | Meaning more 32 bit MCUs in 3-digit Mhz clock speeds.
        
         | baybal2 wrote:
         | > There's nothing about electric car propulsion that requires
         | "high end semiconductors".
         | 
         | Yes, the article is written by a person who has no idea what he
         | is saying
        
         | GeorgeTirebiter wrote:
         | I maintain that most of the car's electronic guts (minus
         | infotainment and auto-steer etc) could be done with a handful
         | of 8051s. The problem is almost nobody it seems knows assembly
         | anymore. The standards of CAN and LIN were created in the days
         | of 8-bit MPUs, even I2C is quite old.
         | 
         | (I like assembly, but would never suggest it for a professional
         | situation unless painted into some unforeseen corner, and assy
         | would be the only way out.)
        
           | javcasas wrote:
           | Is there a 8051-based microcontroller with the usual FLASH
           | memory and with tools to program it like a PLC?
           | 
           | Hardware should be programmed like PLCs, we are just
           | overcomplicating most hardware stuff by throwing OO & FP at
           | it.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | 14u2c wrote:
           | As far as I've seen the shortage as it relates to electric
           | vehicles is due to a lack of power devices, such as high
           | power MOSFETs, not logic ICs.
        
         | cjsplat wrote:
         | Completely unclear what they mean by "high end".
         | 
         | If you are doing a new design and estimates of area, pads,
         | packaging and volumes are in the right place, TSMC 28nm or
         | Intel 22nm are both very nice design points.
         | 
         | Proven tech, single patterned mask sets, fully amortized fabs.
         | 
         | At typical automobile volume, it is unlikely that a sub 10nm
         | design would pencil out.
         | 
         | (Edit : oops - Vision and/or ML engines for self-driving or
         | driver assist might get there as long as the design is not
         | dedicated to typical car volume)
        
       | clessg wrote:
       | Finally some good news, bring on the crisis!
       | 
       | /s, I think...?
        
         | okl wrote:
         | Yes, bring it! :D
        
       | TameAntelope wrote:
       | Hopefully the strategy teams at these large semiconductor
       | companies are aware of the Bullwhip Effect [0] and the
       | investments we're seeing are being done with that knowledge
       | already in hand.
       | 
       | IMO the more interesting part of this article is the prediction
       | that a bifurcation will take place. Still a good thing, but
       | interesting that, as of now, most media talks about the "chip
       | shortage" in terms of "Is there a shortage or not?" rather than a
       | more complex model.
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullwhip_effect
        
       | marcosdumay wrote:
       | The future was much more certain a couple of week ago.
       | 
       | But yes, that's expected. After supply-line shocks shortage and
       | oversupply follow each other. If people play their cards right,
       | they get a quickly decreasing amplitude on those crises, if they
       | play wrong, they get always increasing ones until a lot get
       | bankrupt.
       | 
       | The chip manufacturers seem well aware of the problem and to be
       | playing it correctly. I wouldn't bet on the oversupply crisis
       | being nearly as large as the shortage.
        
         | mrfusion wrote:
         | > The future was much more certain a couple of week ago.
         | 
         | Turn off the news and you'll be much happier. Remember they
         | only make money if they've scared you into watching.
        
           | Raed667 wrote:
           | >Turn off the news and you'll be much happier
           | 
           | what a privileged thing to say
        
             | cpsns wrote:
             | Maybe, but it's the truth. Most events don't matter on a
             | local or individual level and having access to global news
             | updated every single second is a very recent development,
             | one that seems to be contributing to an incredible amount
             | of anxiety and stress for many people/society as a whole.
             | 
             | Perhaps a more reasonable approach is reading the news once
             | a week. You stay informed, but it's not something you worry
             | about daily.
        
               | spicybright wrote:
               | It's not the truth. You can absolutely read the news and
               | live a happier life from it. I feel better knowing what's
               | going on outside my little bubble even if it's bad stuff.
               | 
               | It's on the individual to find a happy balance of media
               | consumption for their mental health in the same way it's
               | on the individual not to eat candy every day for lunch.
        
             | biohacker85 wrote:
             | There is nothing wrong with privilege. In fact, some would
             | say increasing privilege for oneself and their family is
             | the purpose of life.
        
             | coolso wrote:
             | > what a privileged thing to say
             | 
             | Yeah! Imagine being so privileged you're allowed to turn
             | off the news and feel happier without mom and dad grounding
             | you from the internet or the government aiming a nuke at
             | you in response, which would thereby prevent you from
             | typing words into a text box and clicking the Reply button
             | when you're done writing your thoughts.
             | 
             | That would suck because then someone else wouldn't be able
             | to come along and not actually provide a counterpoint to
             | your comments, but instead just write "what a privileged
             | thing to say", undoubtedly smirking while simultaneously
             | sipping a latte and clicking Reply to submit their
             | effortless snarky reply from their $5K/month apartment
             | located in the heart of some tech city.
        
             | ejb999 wrote:
             | really, you have to be privileged to not watch the news?
             | Then I guess by your reasoning, all those folks that can't
             | afford tv or internet at all are the most privileged of
             | all, correct?
        
           | dessant wrote:
           | Yes, when there is a heightened risk of nuclear contamination
           | in Europe because of a stray rocket in a war zone, we should
           | tune out instead.
        
             | mrfusion wrote:
             | You'll always find a reason the latest crisis is worth
             | being scared of. But we're just going to go from one crisis
             | to the next so we need a way to make peace with that.
             | 
             | I think CS Lewis explained it well when the atomic bomb was
             | created:
             | 
             | > In one way we think a great deal too much of the atomic
             | bomb. "How are we to live in an atomic age?" I am tempted
             | to reply: "Why, as you would have lived in the sixteenth
             | century when the plague visited London almost every year,
             | or as you would have lived in a Viking age when raiders
             | from Scandinavia might land and cut your throat any night;
             | or indeed, as you are already living in an age of cancer,
             | an age of syphilis, an age of paralysis, an age of air
             | raids, an age of railway accidents, an age of motor
             | accidents."
        
               | dessant wrote:
               | Remember that not everyone lives at a safe distance from
               | the events that you prefer to tune out. We haven't been
               | referring to low probability threats that are ever
               | present in our daily lives, but acute issues that could
               | change our lives very fast, especially if we don't pay
               | attention.
        
               | spicybright wrote:
               | To add, there's no requirement that you must keep tabs on
               | every atrocity in the world at all times. No one is
               | forcing people to check twitter every hour to tank your
               | emotional energy every day.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | jeromegv wrote:
           | Is turning off the news in Ukraine allowing you to live your
           | life? What if your city was bombed, would you advocate to
           | avoid the news and be happy?
        
             | Aperocky wrote:
             | Don't deal in absolutes.
             | 
             | For me personally, I find the war to be incredibly
             | distracting, because my attention was almost constantly
             | drawn to it. But throughout the past few days I learned a
             | few thing:
             | 
             | The situation on the ground does not change that quickly,
             | fresh reports are often wrong or fabricated. But most
             | importantly: I've gotten myself to be constantly obsessed
             | over a distant war which made me forget what I actually
             | wanted to do over the past few days.
             | 
             | I'll continue to follow the news, but not every hour and
             | minute, and I'm just thankful a place like this exist.
        
             | dageshi wrote:
             | How much should we watch? Serious question.
             | 
             | Because we can completely fill our days with what's going
             | on in Ukraine and yet be able to do very little about it at
             | an individual level and I'm really not sure that's good for
             | someone's sanity.
        
               | thetallstick wrote:
               | I was thinking the same thing. It's not like I'm being
               | asked to direct troops or something.
               | 
               | Instead of watching/reading news for hours. Take 30 min
               | to donate some money and email your representative in
               | Congress on your beliefs. You'll have done way more to
               | help your cause than watching news and you get your day
               | back.
        
           | dasil003 wrote:
           | If the default MO of the news media is to stoke fears and
           | sensationalize the mundane in order to profit off higher
           | viewership, then it's _all the more important_ that we fight
           | through the de-sensitization and pay attention when
           | meaningful world events happen.
        
             | qzx_pierri wrote:
             | The juice isn't worth the squeeze.
        
           | mcbutterbunz wrote:
           | > Turn off the news and you'll be much happier.
           | 
           | Rather, be informed and watch whats happening with a critical
           | mindset. Ignorance may be bliss but its also irresponsible.
        
             | ScoobleDoodle wrote:
             | I've been thinking of splitting the difference and looking
             | at news once a week. I guess that's like the traditional
             | Sunday newspaper.
             | 
             | Now I think it needs to allow for exceptions for events
             | like now with Russia invading Ukraine.
        
               | CyanBird wrote:
               | Just read Lemonde Diplomatique
               | 
               | Cut NYT, CNN, The Guardian and all the rest, you'll be
               | happier and will be better informed
        
               | Godel_unicode wrote:
               | I'm extremely skeptical of any suggestion to get your
               | news from only one source, what do you think makes that
               | source different?
        
               | MobiusHorizons wrote:
               | Thanks for the recommendation, I've been looking for long
               | form news.
        
               | Tijdreiziger wrote:
               | I installed NOS's (the Dutch public broadcaster's) app on
               | my phone and turned on push notifications. This way I get
               | informed about important news, but can easily avoid
               | everything else.
        
               | Beltalowda wrote:
               | Why don't you just travel in time and get the news from
               | the future?
        
               | mrfusion wrote:
               | On the contrary your whole goal should be to avoid the
               | exceptions.
        
             | Beltalowda wrote:
             | I don't think "the news" is actually all that good at
             | informing people. "This happened and then this happened,
             | and now for the weather" are facts and information without
             | context, and without any real meaning.
             | 
             | I haven't watched the news for years, or read the
             | newspapers. I do real articles from magazines and
             | newspapers and books and such (from HN, among other
             | places), which are far more useful. I don't really know
             | what's going on in Ukraine _right this moment_ , but most
             | will have forgotten that in two weeks time anyway, so
             | what's the point? Instead I spent some time reading up on
             | the context a few weeks ago.
             | 
             | The news is also strongly biased towards negative events.
             | The classic example is that "plane crashed" is big news,
             | but that planes are actually very safe. "Man spills pint
             | and gets punched" is news. "Man spills pint and it's all
             | fine" is not. etc. It's not a particularly good reflection
             | of reality.
        
             | thatguy0900 wrote:
             | The irresponsible thing is a whole industry bent on
             | demoralizing and causing hate within the masses, ignorance
             | might be less irresponsible
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | If you're watching the news to be informed you're still
             | ignorant, but now unhappy and indignant about things you
             | don't understand.
        
             | bilater wrote:
             | Agree but also disagree. This tweet captures it perfectly I
             | think:
             | https://twitter.com/nntaleb/status/1497943606962839552
        
         | hef19898 wrote:
         | Yeah, after toilet paper and masks another real life lesson of
         | the Bullwhip effect.
        
         | chiefalchemist wrote:
         | The future is never certain. There are times when it feels less
         | uncertain. But that's generally an illusion, a false sense of
         | security. Past performance is not guarantee of future
         | (returns).
         | 
         | As someone already mentioned, the media loves to manipulating
         | this state to their (profit) advantage.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | jamesy0ung wrote:
        
       | Zenst wrote:
       | Or may see a shortage in capacitors, resistors,
       | transistors....there will always be a weak link and for most it
       | has been chips. If we shift towards an oversupply and we will as
       | with such lead time to lets build a fab to lets use that fab,
       | markets change momentum. SO you get growth, then shrink back to
       | balance out supply, then some spike via some event or demand and
       | the pulse of industry moves on.
       | 
       | What will be more interested in is how the supply chain changes
       | and will we see a more cautious approach to just in time,
       | offloading warehousing to suppliers or will we see a more
       | granular balance. So that will be interesting going ahead and may
       | well see initial oversupply delayed filling up those buffers.
        
       | kenjackson wrote:
       | Will this mean car prices will return to normal and wait times to
       | receive them won't be so long? I feel like the auto industry has
       | directly impacted me the most, as I try to look to get a car.
        
         | mrfusion wrote:
         | I'm going to go back to all the dealers that ignored me and
         | make them beg for my business.
        
           | brianwawok wrote:
           | Or just buy a car that has moved past the dealership model.
           | There are a few now, and if the free market wins it should
           | slowly replace the dealer model...
           | 
           | Literally 4-5k saved off every car if you order direct from
           | the manufacturer.
        
       | mordae wrote:
       | They way I read the article, there is going to be excess supply
       | of things such as power-regulation ICs, 2.4GHz radio chips and so
       | on. I'd guess that consumers will gobble these up all across the
       | world in smart appliances and IoT like never before. GPUs are
       | nice, but they won't regulate your heating amid rising gas
       | prices.
        
       | Saris wrote:
       | Maybe I'll be able to buy stuff at MSRP then.
        
       | stjohnswarts wrote:
       | better to have too much than too little. This is just some lean
       | manufacturing people tut-tutting countries trying to become more
       | independent
        
       | VWWHFSfQ wrote:
       | I wonder how AMD and Intel's announcement that they will stop
       | chip shipments to Russia indefinitely will affect this. I don't
       | know how big of a consumer Russia was but I imagine it could have
       | some impact with all that stock now back on the market.
        
         | cyberpunk wrote:
         | Their economy is smaller than Italy. Some datacentres and such,
         | but meh, those aren't buying bare chips from intel anyway.
         | They're usually buying complete servers manufactured in other
         | countries anyway.
         | 
         | I'd be surprised if it even made a half percent dent.
        
         | eunos wrote:
         | Russian can and will import those chips from somewhere else
        
           | VWWHFSfQ wrote:
           | Where else? People always seem to say flippant things like
           | this as if it's really as easy as just "oh they'll get them
           | from somewhere else then".
           | 
           | Maybe it really is that easy. I don't know. But Yandex isn't
           | buying computers off Newegg anymore. That's for sure.
        
             | adam_arthur wrote:
             | China, for one. What's to stop them from buying AMD and
             | reselling to Russia?
             | 
             | Though it will still increase cost to Russia with another
             | middle man involved.
        
               | pdpi wrote:
               | That is not without costs, in terms of both time and
               | money. And I'm sure Russia doesn't particularly want to
               | increase its dependency on China either.
        
               | Finnucane wrote:
               | They do want that. It's part of their backup plan for
               | being cut off from the West. That's why Putin made a big
               | show of meeting with Xi just before the invasion.
        
       | deutschewelle wrote:
        
       | yalogin wrote:
       | I for one cannot wait for the used car market to crash. The new
       | car prices have gone and I don't expect them to come down. They
       | will keep the prices at the same inflated level and offer deals
       | and/or loans. However there is room for elasticity in the used
       | car market and can see it coming down as new car availability
       | becomes better.
        
       | hwers wrote:
       | This is why I don't care about following any 'supply chain'
       | worries the tech community is for some reason worried about.
       | It'll undershoot, it'll overshoot, it'll balance itself out
       | eventually and my interaction with it won't make a lick of
       | difference.
        
         | xondono wrote:
         | > it'll balance itself out eventually and my interaction with
         | it won't make a lick of difference.
         | 
         | Then you are very lucky. My life was certainly easier before
         | supply chain disruptions.
        
         | aftbit wrote:
         | Good advice for almost any crisis of the day
        
       | JCM9 wrote:
       | This is pattern than falls most supply shortages. Lumber was in
       | seriously short supply during the pandemic and prices
       | skyrocketed. A few months later places has more wood than they
       | knew what to do with and supplies were piling up.
        
       | flamesofphx wrote:
       | Crossing fingers we will we be able to pick up 3080ti then for
       | $100 bucks? I still think it may take much more time for the
       | other affected industries to make up.. Which means there still
       | some sort of supply chain communication problems...
        
         | atlantas wrote:
         | Or able to pick up a PS5 for MSRP? It's been sold out since it
         | was released in November 2020.
        
           | amir734jj wrote:
           | At this point I don't even know if PS5 really exist. It's
           | impossible to find in the store and there are some people
           | whose job is find PS5 at MSRP in the stores and resell it.
        
             | tragictrash wrote:
             | I've been able to buy two at MSRP in the last month. It's
             | possible, you just have to try.
        
               | erwincoumans wrote:
               | Where/how did you buy the ps5 at msrp?
        
               | henrikschroder wrote:
               | Regular stores sometimes announce restocks, so you go
               | queue before opening hours to get in line for one.
               | 
               | We grabbed a PS5 in January from Gamestop by queueing for
               | a couple of hours.
        
               | tragictrash wrote:
               | There's deal alerts, specials at various retailers with a
               | subscription like Walmart. You just have to continuously
               | try and change up your game if it doesnt work.
        
               | KerrAvon wrote:
               | I did this late last year. Got it within the month at
               | MSRP.
               | 
               | https://www.playstation.com/en-us/ps5/register-to-buy/
               | 
               | The only issue is that there aren't a lot of
               | PS5-exclusive games.
        
               | dawnerd wrote:
               | I've been signed up since they started that and never got
               | a notice to buy.
        
               | asciimov wrote:
               | Me and my friends signed up back in October, so far none
               | of us has received an invite.
        
               | Hamuko wrote:
               | I managed to buy a PS5 for MSRP- _ish_. I bought the
               | console for 599EUR and it came with a  "free" second
               | DualSense controller. The PS5 itself is 529EUR and a
               | controller is 70EUR.
        
               | ohgodplsno wrote:
               | Find local Discord servers with bots and people tracking
               | stocks and sales going on. Within less than a week, you
               | should be able to get your hands on one.
               | 
               | Yes, it's absolutely stupid to have to commit to this for
               | a full week to just be able to buy a console.
        
             | johnebgd wrote:
             | Sales numbers on the PS5 seem to indicate demand is
             | unprecedented. Even if supply can be ramped up the demand
             | is still unmet. The world has never had so many people
             | seeking in home entertainment simultaneously.
             | 
             | I guess I am also part of the problem. I hate the idea of a
             | scalper but I bought one from a high school student who is
             | scouting them out and buying them then reselling them at a
             | $100 markup over MSRP to make money for college. They
             | learned to code for this. I figured it was the right kind
             | of entrepreneurship to support even if the entire supply
             | chain issues we face are allowing less scrupulous people to
             | profit akin to how this student is.
        
               | eric_h wrote:
               | I picked one up via gamestops website of all places after
               | trying and failing for over a month to get my order in at
               | various retail websites. When I went to get the package
               | from my doorman, told him it was a ps5 (and my
               | tribulations to acquire it) and he said "oh I got one
               | from a guy who lives in the building like a month ago,
               | he's had lots of them coming in". I'm still mad and this
               | was a few months after the launch...
        
               | MegaButts wrote:
               | > I figured it was the right kind of entrepreneurship to
               | support
               | 
               | You're supporting a scalper. You're teaching him that
               | there's money to be made by positioning yourself as a
               | middle man. There's no value creation here, just value
               | extraction.
        
               | nawgz wrote:
        
               | yepguy wrote:
               | That would only be true if there were actually enough
               | PS5's to go around, but the scalpers bought them all up
               | anyway. There's real value in the products actually being
               | available to buy at all, and the only reason they're
               | available is because they're being resold at a higher
               | price.
        
               | burntoutfire wrote:
               | They were also available to buy before the scalpers
               | bought them - that's how they bought them. The scalpers
               | injecting themselves as middle men didn't change anything
               | except the price.
        
               | yepguy wrote:
               | No that's wrong. If you have $850 right now you can buy a
               | PS5. If nobody on earth marked up the price, you wouldn't
               | be able to buy one for any amount (without getting very
               | lucky or expending a lot of effort to find one).
        
               | young_unixer wrote:
               | Isn't that the fault of Sony for selling them at a lower
               | price than what people are willing to pay?
               | 
               | And the value being provided is the possibility of buying
               | the PS5. Even without scalpers, chances are that someone
               | else would have bought it. Scalping only works when the
               | demand is very high compared to the supply.
        
               | voakbasda wrote:
               | Value extraction is what all the big tech companies do.
               | Don't hate the player. Hate the game.
        
             | rdtwo wrote:
             | Costco bundle
        
           | mrbonner wrote:
           | You could try FB marketplace. I have seen MSRP floating
           | around for quite the last few months. I haven't purchased one
           | really because most of my friends are either on PS4 or Xbox 1
        
             | dawnerd wrote:
             | Likely scams FYI
        
           | AtlasBarfed wrote:
           | What is the demand for the PS5 from/for?
           | 
           | There aren't any games for it yet practically speaking? It's
           | not like the PS2 giving you access to a DVD player or PS3 a
           | blu-ray until games appear. Even if it can "4k" a PS4 HD
           | game, that's not that wide an audience.
        
           | samstave wrote:
           | My brother bought one at xmas for $500. It gets played ~4
           | hours a week.
           | 
           | yet I sit and type text and browse the web on a flagship
           | gaming omen RTX 3070 laptop and I cant find a game to play...
           | 
           | Our gaming days are dwindling in this house.
        
             | grogenaut wrote:
             | It happens with age and responsibilities. My kids are grown
             | and my friend are all stressed right now, so I've played 80
             | hours of valheim this week and the kids have been on 16
             | hours of elden ring last 2 days. Before my friends and I
             | got going on valheim/astroneer I hadn't played games
             | heavily for like the whole pandemic.
        
               | rajin444 wrote:
               | I've noticed this too. I think it's a mix of age and no
               | good games.
               | 
               | There's more games than ever coming out but it feels like
               | the number of really good titles is still low. Kinda like
               | movies and TV too. I guess the market is so large now
               | it's a lot easier to succeed with mediocre content.
        
               | grogenaut wrote:
               | It wasn't really about what games were out there just
               | what I felt like doing. I did a lot more physical real
               | world stuff during the pandemic.
               | 
               | There are tons of amazing games out there. It's just like
               | a new book series or author though. You gotta get to the
               | hook.
               | 
               | What types of games do you like I can offer many
               | suggestions. There have been plenty of amazing games in
               | the last 1, 3, 5 years.
               | 
               | Now a days it's easier to make games, you just leverage
               | an engine not invent graphics primitives. But it's harder
               | to get noticed and make money. And easier to make small
               | losses and harder to have massive blow outs. Games is a
               | lifestyle business now.
        
               | smolder wrote:
               | I think this is a discovery problem, although I don't
               | know your subjective idea of a really good title. I'd say
               | I have more good games than I can reasonably play, some
               | with near-infinite replayability thanks to human
               | opponents and a chess-like complexity of outcomes.
               | 
               | There's a lot of cookie cutter uninspired money grubbing
               | crap from big studios and small, but go find what people
               | are playing by numbers, dig past the AAA shovelware, and
               | there are plenty of gems.
        
               | grogenaut wrote:
               | There's great stuff from studios big and small. Sure
               | they're still printing cod/bf/Madden. But they're also
               | making rdr2/ghosts/botw/Mario Odyssey/Metroid
               | dread/monster hunter rise. Just like indies are making
               | valheim/astroneer/slay the spire/monster train/loop
               | hero/hades
        
               | Sebb767 wrote:
               | You don't need to play new games. My Steam library is
               | full of cheaply-bought games and there are quite a few
               | childhood games I'd love to revisit.
               | 
               | If you need a recommendation, I'd go for faster than
               | light or slay the spire. If you have a lot of time, the X
               | series recently released a free extension for X3:TC
               | called farhams legacy, which you can pick up for dirt
               | cheap. But there are many games that aged well.
        
               | samstave wrote:
               | For me, at my age and with _life_ , I feel guilty
               | immersing myself, which distracts my enjoyment.
               | 
               | For the younglings - they can give themselves fully to
               | the experience.
        
             | shephardjhon wrote:
             | Not many good games these days. I recently played through
             | Age Of Empires 3 and 4. I just dont like stuff like Elden
             | Ring that is popular these days due to Dark Souls or every
             | third person game being turned into an RPG with stats and
             | inventory and side quests.
        
             | bluescrn wrote:
             | If you 'can't find a game to play' while having a fast PC,
             | you probably aren't really interested in gaming any more,
             | not enough to justify the time cost.
             | 
             | Or maybe you're overwhelmed by choice, between Steam sales,
             | Game Pass, indie games, F2P, Epic Store freebies, and more,
             | there's always something new you can try out whithout
             | spending much money at all.
             | 
             | Although I suppose it can still be hard to find something
             | really enjoyable to play if you were obsessed with a genre
             | that's effectively dead these days (RTS? MMOs? Shmups?).
             | But even then, there's usually indie devs out to fill every
             | niche they can spot
        
               | wing-_-nuts wrote:
               | I bought a PS5 in October because I was really excited
               | for BF 2042. That game was a _crushing_ disappointment.
               | What 's worse is the fact that it's pulled a lot of my
               | friends from BF4 and they're still playing it, hoping
               | it'll get better.
               | 
               | That's left single player games, and honestly single
               | player games take a lot of time to get started. There
               | have been _weeks_ now where I start my playstation, look
               | at who 's playing. Look through my library to find a game
               | I'm willing to sink hours into, find nothing and power
               | off the machine.
        
               | samstave wrote:
               | >> _probably aren 't really interested in gaming any
               | more, not enough to justify the time cost._
               | 
               | This, basically, which to me I find completely ironic,
               | given that GAMES is literally what got me into computers
               | back in the 80s, ran the Intel Game Lab in the 90s,
               | worked as IT for the company that originally
               | manufactured, packaged and shipped many many games, such
               | as EverQuest, my best friend is an Production Director at
               | Blizzard (with whom I worked for at Intel's game lab) and
               | many other career accolades in the gaming space thats too
               | lame to go into...
               | 
               | Whats weird, is that I ALWAYS have a high-end gaming
               | machine... sans much gaming time...
        
         | NavinF wrote:
         | You jest, but I submitted a question a couple of weeks ago
         | asking when it will be $1,200:
         | https://www.metaculus.com/questions/9561/end-of-the-gpu-shor...
         | 
         | Current forecast is August 2023 so I'm sure glad I bought my
         | 3090 at retail price and a couple of used 2080ti right around
         | the start of the chip shortage. They've been running nonstop
         | training stylegan :)
        
         | JohnJamesRambo wrote:
         | https://ethereum.org/en/upgrades/merge/
         | 
         | This is coming and you will soon have any GPU want on ebay for
         | nothing.
         | 
         | Inb4 someone tells me they will just mine something else.
         | Nothing else is remotely able to handle the hashpower without
         | crashing the price of the coin.
         | 
         | https://i.imgur.com/TBouXrK.jpg
         | 
         | That is a list of coins to mine sorted by exchange volume.
        
           | freyr wrote:
           | Perpetually right around the corner.
        
           | mdoms wrote:
           | Cryptocurrency propaganda.
        
           | pxeger1 wrote:
           | > Inb4 someone tells me they will just mine something else.
           | Nothing else is remotely able to handle the hashpower without
           | crashing the price of the coin.
           | 
           | Devil's advocate: won't a fork of Ethereum which keeps PoW be
           | able to do exactly that? (for example, Ethereum Classic?)
        
           | judge2020 wrote:
           | You can blame miners but it's just extremely high demand for
           | these cards - once the merge happens and GPUs stop being
           | super profitable, we'll see that not much has changed in
           | terms of availability - and 40 series cards[0] will be just
           | as hard to get. The only change might be a temporary drop in
           | second-hand prices as the mining GPUs flood eBay for a month.
           | 
           | 0: https://twitter.com/greymon55/status/1418795735802425349?s
           | =2...
        
           | omni wrote:
           | This has been "coming" for years, I'm sick of seeing the
           | Ethereum community use it as a way to whitewash their
           | wasteful PoW excess. You and everyone else should stop even
           | talking about it until it's shipped.
        
           | abandonliberty wrote:
           | Mining rewards and the price of a coin are mostly separate.
           | Coins wouldn't crash, but rewards would be spread across more
           | miners, reducing mining profits per hash rate.
        
           | MisterSandman wrote:
           | What's up with the weird pretentious verbage in that webpage?
           | "Beacon Chain"? "Mainnet"? "The Docking"? Are they just
           | exaggerated PR verbs, or am I just too old for this?
        
             | ehsankia wrote:
             | Hell, the fancy sci-fi illustration and UX design give much
             | more of a "tech startup" feel than a serious monetary
             | alternative.
        
             | mattwilsonn888 wrote:
             | You don't have to be old to be ignorant. "Mainnet," and
             | "Chain," have non-arbitrary, universal meaning in the
             | distributed ledger space. 'Beacon' is not arbitrary either
             | as it fits the function it names. I'm not going to sit here
             | and defend Ethereum - but to answer you question: most of
             | that verbage has meaning independent of Ethereum's PR.
        
           | jotm wrote:
           | I really hope so, since I'm thinking of building a new
           | computer for years now...
           | 
           | Intel is releasing their own graphics cards, which is neat.
           | It's a good time to enter the market, for sure.
        
           | dataangel wrote:
           | > Nothing else is remotely able to handle the hashpower
           | without crashing the price of the coin.
           | 
           | You fundamentally misunderstand how mining works. Difficulty
           | automatically increases if blocks are being mined at faster
           | than the expected rate. Needing more GPUs to mine the same
           | number of coins _raises_ the price.
        
             | jallen_dot_dev wrote:
             | > Needing more GPUs to mine the same number of coins raises
             | the price.
             | 
             | Ridiculous. Price is determined by how much people are
             | willing to buy or sell it at, which they decide based on
             | speculation. The amount of GPUs that will be put to the
             | task of mining is dependent on price. Not the other way
             | around.
             | 
             | I could create an alt coin that requires some arbitrarily
             | large number of hashes to mine a single block and receive 1
             | coin as reward. Yet I cannot command a higher price for it,
             | because no one wants to buy my coin.
        
           | Casteil wrote:
           | It may help, but "any GPU on ebay for nothing"?
           | 
           | Don't hold your breath...
        
           | randomsilence wrote:
           | Old numbers, but the trend was stable [1]:
           | 
           | >Simple division yields an estimate of 13.982 million GPUs
           | mining Ethereum on April 16 2021.
           | 
           | >40 million graphic cards produced in 2020
           | 
           | It's just 1/3 of one year's production that could be freed if
           | people don't move to other coins. Is that enough to crush the
           | market?
           | 
           | [1] https://linustechtips.com/topic/1327701-honest-question-
           | how-...
        
         | freemint wrote:
         | No.
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | Very unlikely, there will always be enough demand for most
         | modern node technology to be expensive. Be it CPUs or GPUs.
         | Those won't drop massively in price, but we might be lucky to
         | go back to 500-1000 range.
        
       | Aurelius3 wrote:
       | Although I do think there will be an oversupply "crisis", I think
       | the article is too optimistic about the timing. From what I have
       | read the new foundries will start production in 2024-2025, and I
       | don't see demand going down anytime soon, and that's not to
       | mention some of the backlog that has accumulated. Although I am
       | curious as to how amd and nvidia have been handling this. Do they
       | have stockpiles of chips themselves?
        
         | StanislavPetrov wrote:
         | Exactly. "Soon" is a relative word here. It could be years.
        
         | magicalhippo wrote:
         | > Although I do think there will be an oversupply "crisis", I
         | think the article is too optimistic about the timing.
         | 
         | Same. When looking at DigiKey and Mouser they've got confirmed
         | dates well into 2023 for loads of parts.
         | 
         | Here's a random example I was looking at yesterday[1]. Sure
         | they have a few in stock, but once those are gone the next
         | batch is due next summer.
         | 
         | edit: another example[2], no stock and 39k due next summer.
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Texas-
         | Instruments/TLC59...
         | 
         | [2]: https://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Texas-
         | Instruments/TLV62...
        
           | greggsy wrote:
           | I wonder if Mouser hold contracts with those manufacturers
           | directly, or would they deal with another distributor who's
           | left holding the risk?
        
           | analog31 wrote:
           | I have a tiny little side business making an electronic
           | gadget. I've had to get good at substitution. Granted this is
           | easier for me, I don't have to go through an engineering
           | change order process, and can usually trust my gut on what's
           | going to work. Still, it's a PITA.
        
             | magicalhippo wrote:
             | Yeah it's a pain for those in the business. Thankfully it's
             | just a hobby for me, but I've talked to professionals who
             | were on their fourth board revision due to substitutions...
             | can't be fun.
        
             | greggsy wrote:
             | I feel like there's a great opportunity here for electronic
             | engineers with a good eye for supply chain dynamics to
             | consult into all manner of industrial and consumer markets
             | to assist with strategic re-engineering of their products.
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | There's alot of stuff stuck in the shipping channel or
         | backlogged.
         | 
         | Not the same commodity, but as an illustration, I just got a
         | bunch of 4k computer displays direct from an OEM. Normally we
         | get stuff like this 30-60 days after manufacturing. These
         | devices were tagged as last July and received a week ago.
         | 
         | I've been told that lots of stuff gets stuck waiting for final
         | package assembly. (Ie the monitor stand, cable or even manual)
         | Although chips aren't end user products that have to have
         | accessories, many require packaging or other subcomponents that
         | may be lost in the mail.
         | 
         | Additionally, contracts prioritize certain customers, and many
         | manufacturers don't have good processes to deal with
         | diversions. If you order 20,000 widgets, they may not stop
         | shipping until to hit some high water mark. So when the US
         | government say "emergency, ship me your widgets now", your
         | order gets "stolen".
         | 
         | COVID response activity is winding down, so I'd venture to
         | guess you're going to see a lot of cancelled orders and chaos.
         | Imo, you'll see prices of consumer facing IT gear crash in the
         | June-August timeframe as schools and students are flooded with
         | gear, only to surge again as component makers retool.
         | 
         | Also, like gas prices (quick to rise, slow to sink), I think
         | you'll see manufacturers keep prices high in the many markets
         | that are controlled by little cartels. Why sell Ford some chip
         | for $1 when they are paying $12 today?
        
           | jbay808 wrote:
           | > Why sell Ford some chip for $1 when they are paying $12
           | today?
           | 
           | That's a very good point. When you're competing to get your
           | part selected for a new design, you want to sell it cheap,
           | but once they've done all the work of incorporating your part
           | and testing it, you want to make it expensive. It will be
           | interesting to see how this plays out.
        
             | Aurelius3 wrote:
             | I assume they have long term contracts in place for this
             | kind of thing so they can't really get screwed over in that
             | way.
        
               | jbay808 wrote:
               | But aren't those the contracts that they cancelled in
               | 2020?
        
               | kaftoy wrote:
               | Yes they do. First, they normally buy complete
               | electronics (functional devices with or without
               | software), not just chips. Second, they do have strong
               | contracts, spreading for 3, 4, 5+ years, specifying the
               | volumes for each contracted year and also the piece price
               | (among other details, of course).
        
           | greggsy wrote:
           | To add to the logistical supply chain issues, the fleet of
           | Anotov aircraft (including the AN-125 and AN-225) play a
           | crucial role in the fulfilling a range global logistical
           | needs, but the factory in Ukraine is reportedly damaged,
           | leading to expected impacts to their serviceability and spare
           | parts manufacture.
           | 
           | This will almost certainly have flow-on impacts to the
           | broader shipping and commercial airline market, and further
           | screw up delivery of your monitor's user manuals.
        
         | blip54321 wrote:
         | Oversupply is just as much a crisis as undersupply. The lead
         | time on ramping capacity up and down is long, which leads to a
         | cyclic market which overshoots in one direction or the other.
         | It's hard to predict the cycles.
         | 
         | However, an "oversupply" crisis means that either:
         | 
         | - prices falling, meaning costs aren't covered;
         | 
         | - equipment isn't running 24/7 as intended, leading to higher
         | costs
         | 
         | This means businesses go under. There's a firesale which is
         | nice, but the structural damage is far more harmful.
         | 
         | Personally, I'd like to see this industry a little bit more
         | socialized. I'd like my chips produced in the USA, even if they
         | cost a little bit more, so we're self-sufficient. I'd also like
         | the supply chains to be in the US. I think the same goes for
         | the EU, China, and hopefully soon, India and Africa. Having
         | five independent supply chains costs five times as much, and I
         | understand the efficiency argument for having just TSMC (and
         | maybe Samsung or Intel), but I think both COVID and Ukraine
         | highlight the risks of systemic failure.
         | 
         | We're just a little too over-dependent on each other.
         | 
         | I also wouldn't mind if my taxes paid for some excess, unused
         | capacity, as they do with food production. That's also less
         | efficient, but gives resilience.
         | 
         | We don't need to be self-sufficient everywhere, mind you. Most
         | goods aren't essential. I do think each region should be self-
         | sufficient for food, medicine, and now, ICs.
        
       | jdrc wrote:
       | maybe if our supply chains were't Just-in-time we wouldnt be
       | talking about these all the time
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | Long term contracts are important. The buyers who had them
         | didn't have to scramble so much. That doesn't mean stockpiling,
         | necessarily.
        
         | wyager wrote:
         | There are a lot of things we could have done differently to
         | prevent the current issues. Reducing capital efficiency by
         | requiring massive stockpiles isn't necessarily at the top of
         | the list of good ideas. I'm not saying it's a bad idea, just
         | that this isn't necessarily the first thing we want to jump to
         | across the market.
        
         | adam_arthur wrote:
         | Think we are well past that. Even if these companies had huge
         | stockpiles, they would have been depleted long ago.
         | 
         | No company is going to hoard multiple years worth of inputs.
         | Supply has remained high in semiconductors too, it's more of a
         | demand than supply problem. But of course, elevated demand and
         | normal supply leads to shortages just the same as normal demand
         | and shortened supply.
         | 
         | Retail Sales:
         | 
         | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/RSXFS
        
           | xondono wrote:
           | Maybe, but part of the issue is the massive shift of
           | component stocks from suppliers to manufacturers.
           | 
           | JIT allowed a lot of different manufacturers to "share"
           | stocks, by keeping inventory in a supplier instead of in
           | house.
           | 
           | In the end we traded in risk tolerance for better efficiency,
           | and most companies are now doing the opposite trade.
           | 
           | > No company is going to hoard multiple years worth of
           | inputs.
           | 
           | I actually work with companies who have done this.
        
       | xondono wrote:
       | I think this piece is overly optimistic and maybe even ignorant
       | about how semiconductor supply chains work.
       | 
       | Semiconductor fabs take years to start production.
        
       | FpUser wrote:
       | >"Oversupply crisis"
       | 
       | I'll take this any time. I am eyeing new server and laptop but
       | prices suck at the moment for my specs.
        
       | rossdavidh wrote:
       | "Cyclically, with so much labor and education shifting online,
       | the pandemic has unleashed strong pent-up demand for electronic
       | products."
       | 
       | It's not "pent-up" demand, it's new demand. It would be "pent-up"
       | if people hadn't been allowed or able to purchase before, but now
       | they are. The shifting of labor and education online, if it is a
       | major factor at all, would be creating new demand.
       | 
       | "The stockpiling that we saw in 2021 has also resulted in
       | transportation bottlenecks."
       | 
       | There are many reasons for the transportation bottlenecks, but
       | stockpiling is a best a minor one, and more likely not really a
       | reason at all. If anything, it works the opposite way, with
       | transportation bottlenecks resulting in stockpiling, as buyers
       | know they cannot assume it will always be available to buy Just
       | In Time.
       | 
       | "Structurally, electrification, such as the mass production of
       | electric vehicles, and digitalization need semiconductors, mostly
       | of the high-end variety..."
       | 
       | Vehicles, in particular, need a lot more semiconductors that are
       | _not_ "high-end", which is why Intel couldn't use its spare
       | capacity to help out the auto industry as much as they wanted to;
       | their fabs were actually too modern to make the higher-voltage,
       | larger-dimension semiconductors that the auto industry needed,
       | mostly made in older fabs.
       | 
       | Ok, three factually inaccurate statements in a row, I am giving
       | the rest of the article a pass.
        
       | Nowado wrote:
       | Their loss is my (consumer) gain or am I missing something
       | important?
        
         | bfdm wrote:
         | Temporarily, perhaps. The risk is that without planning that
         | oversupply leads to a period of greater shortage due to
         | cancelled production, bankruptcy etc.
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullwhip_effect
        
         | rjsw wrote:
         | It is only your gain if the oversupply is of chips that you
         | want.
        
           | rlt wrote:
           | I'm guessing there will be an oversupply of fab capacity, not
           | just specific chips.
        
           | neogodless wrote:
           | To give a real world example of how the chip shortage is
           | affecting me...
           | 
           | The vehicle I want to buy does not come with the chip for
           | heated seats or parking sensors, because they simply do not
           | have enough of them. You can buy that vehicle without those
           | features, and at least with the heated seats, they promise to
           | retrofit them "at some future date." All of the models that
           | got made before the cut-off sold super quickly, and I'm just
           | waiting to buy until the vehicle is complete at signing.
        
           | dnissley wrote:
           | Can't there only ever be an oversupply of chips that people
           | don't want? Because if they wanted them they would buy them?
        
             | Jtsummers wrote:
             | > Because if they wanted them they would buy them?
             | 
             | Only if they can afford them and can justify the purchase.
             | People want many things that for various reasons they don't
             | acquire. It may be cost (units would have to be sold at a
             | loss to get down to consumer-comfortable pricing), it may
             | be that it's part of a larger system. For me to get a new
             | AMD CPU I'd also need a compatible motherboard and,
             | possibly, different RAM (either for physical compatibility
             | or to get an actual performance improvement, even if my old
             | RAM "works" if it's sufficiently slow it's a bottleneck
             | that makes the purchase not worthwhile to me).
        
           | belval wrote:
           | Isn't that obvious? If there is an oversupply of GPU, as a
           | customer I win. If there's an oversupply of some niche ARM
           | chip I might not win but I'm not losing either...
        
             | xadhominemx wrote:
             | I don't know if there will be an "oversupply" of GPUs,
             | because now they are all manufactured at foundries and the
             | chip companies can just cut their orders. But with Intel
             | coming into the market, Samsung switching to TSMC, and TSMC
             | putting in $120b of capex, the shortage should be
             | alleviated pretty soon.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | If there's an oversupply of GPU chips _and_ everyone builds
             | them into products and sells them. There's a fair amount of
             | demand in that specific instance but that doesn't translate
             | into capacity for everything else and companies aren't
             | going to be quick to lower prices.
        
           | cplusplusfellow wrote:
           | I'm just looking for the basic, "there are enough chips to
           | make stoves and automobiles that I am wanting to buy" amount
           | of supply.
        
           | Nowado wrote:
           | Yeah, not GPUs, maybe cars, surely fridges.
        
         | xbmcuser wrote:
         | This is about older nodes not the latest plus the expected glut
         | is coming according to the article in 2024. A non paywalled
         | link to the article
         | 
         | https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/global-enterprise/chip-shor...
        
         | WJW wrote:
         | Oversupply means a few of the suppliers will not be able to
         | sell their chips and might face bankruptcy, leading to
         | monopolies in a decade or so when the pendulum swings back
         | again. Don't worry too much about it though, it's difficult to
         | predict the future and it's equally possible that the market
         | will return to relative balance without overcorrection.
        
           | xadhominemx wrote:
           | There are not going to be any bankruptcies even in a severe
           | oversupply situation. Chip manufacturers are much higher
           | margin and better capitalized than in the past, and a lot of
           | the riskier capacity expansion this time around has been
           | financed by customers
        
             | netcan wrote:
             | This is probably true, but it may not mean any less
             | consolidation.
             | 
             | Consolidation is a fairly easy bet to place though from a
             | 2022 POV, so I guess GP (and I) are predicting cold during
             | winter.
        
               | xadhominemx wrote:
               | I can't think of any more major consolidation that can
               | take place. Maybe within NAND, but for different reasons
               | as there's not really risk of a long lasting supply glut
               | in that market.
        
               | thatguy0900 wrote:
               | Governments have/may start seeing chipmaking as something
               | of national security, right? So would they let a great
               | amount of consolidation occur or will every continent
               | have its own heavily subsidized chip industry
        
       | cengo123456 wrote:
        
       | spir wrote:
       | Note that Ethereum is switching to proof of stake this year,
       | almost surely before Q4. It's true that this upgrade has been
       | coming for years, and it's also true that it's actually arriving
       | this year (if interested, see https://eth2.news).
       | 
       | After Ethereum switches to proof of stake, global demand for GPUs
       | will plummet as GPUs are uncompetitive for BTC mining, and beyond
       | BTC, ETH is by far the largest remaining proof of work coin.
        
         | WheatM wrote:
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | _Note that Ethereum is switching to proof of stake this year,
         | almost surely before Q4._
         | 
         | Is there some way you can bet against that claim?
        
           | spir wrote:
           | Absolutely! Please see this Polymarket prediction market on
           | "When will Ethereum switch to proof of stake?"
           | 
           | https://polymarket.com/market-group/ethereum-merge-pos
        
         | expicli wrote:
         | Yeah, its not gonna plummet. Theres still going to be huge
         | demand. PS5s and Xboxes arent used for crypto and theyre still
         | sold out
        
         | radicalbyte wrote:
         | I wonder what will happen: Ethereum switching to PoS or Tesla
         | having full self-driving.
        
         | Melio wrote:
         | What's the difference this time?
        
           | spir wrote:
           | Please see my other answer to a sibling comment
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30490897
        
             | Melio wrote:
             | Any insight why it was postponed?
        
         | binarymax wrote:
         | Rest assured there are many gamers who will pick up the slack,
         | not to mention businesses who want them for training models.
        
           | senko wrote:
           | This. I've been planning to buy a new gaming rig for two
           | years, but wasn't so much a priority that I would pay
           | exorbitant prices for even midrange hardware.
           | 
           | When normality is restored, I'll be happy to finally upgrade.
        
           | spir wrote:
           | I will be one of them :)
        
           | MisterSandman wrote:
           | The main difference is that gamers are consumers, while ETH
           | miners use GPUs to make income. Even though gamers were
           | buying scalped GPUs, I'd imagine GPUs going to back to being
           | treated as a consumable (rather than something that generates
           | income) would help prices.
        
             | jedberg wrote:
             | Companies using GPUs to train models are also using them to
             | make money. They will pick up the slack the miners leave
             | behind.
        
           | jotm wrote:
           | Aren't Quadros/FirePros with lots of VRAM better for that?
        
           | Sebb767 wrote:
           | But people who don't necessarily need it and/or don't make
           | money with it won't pay insane prices for (ab-)used mining
           | GPUs. It won't be insanely cheap, but definitely a lot
           | cheaper.
        
             | evolve2k wrote:
             | When the time comes, for a casual gamer which popular
             | etehrum mining GPU's would you be on the lookout for?
        
         | spamizbad wrote:
         | Right but what happens when another blockchain technology hits
         | the scene that's trendy and happens to be PoW? People who made
         | significant investments into GPU miners and the infrastructure
         | to support them won't go away quietly.
        
           | spir wrote:
           | That's fair, what if another PoW coin gets really popular?
           | 
           | The good news here may be two-fold
           | 
           | 1) the existing group of public chains have matured greatly
           | and their network effects are quite strong now. It is no
           | longer so easy to start a new chain
           | 
           | 2) virtually all new chains are PoS because it's understood
           | to be significantly more secure and less expensive vs. PoW
           | 
           | 3) public chains take years to grow, and right now, there is
           | no PoW public chain on my radar that has a chance of
           | generating nearly as much mining demand as Ethereum (and
           | Bitcoin but ASICs)
           | 
           | For those reasons, the idea of a new public chain appearing
           | from nowhere and impacting GPU demand seems in practice
           | unlikely to occur.
        
             | atweiden wrote:
             | > virtually all new chains are PoS because it's understood
             | to be significantly more secure and less expensive vs. PoW
             | 
             | PoS security relies on the integrity of the stake -- and
             | the integrity of the stake relies on the "security" of the
             | PoS system. It's an intractible circularity problem.
             | 
             | Yes, a large sample of recent altcoins have shipped PoS,
             | but this is no more relevant to a PoW v PoS security debate
             | than a modern top 40 "hit songs" chart is to a debate over
             | Beethoven v Bach.
        
         | Havoc wrote:
         | There are a handful of other PoW coins not far behind Ethereum
         | so I wouldn't count on demand plummeting
         | 
         | https://whattomine.com/
        
           | spir wrote:
           | Thanks, I hadn't seen that site.
           | 
           | In my view, this site is strong evidence for the thesis that
           | demand for GPUs will plummet, here's why:
           | 
           | 1) If we tweak your link to sort by Market Cap, we can see
           | the next biggest coin to mine after ETH is has only 1% of
           | ETH's market cap https://shorturl.at/lxLS5
           | 
           | 2) These smaller coins do not have the capability to
           | automatically or naturally grow bigger market caps, trading
           | volumes, and buy-side demand just because ETH switches to
           | PoS. Mining profitability ultimately comes from a coin's buy-
           | side demand, which is proportional to many things-- fame,
           | developer activity, etc.-- and none of the PoW chains in that
           | list are anywhere remotely close to "breaking out" and
           | growing proportionally with Ethereum, or, say, Solana. How do
           | I know this? Well, I'm an insider that focuses all of his
           | time on ethereum and web3, you'll have to take my word for it
           | :)
        
             | rhn_mk1 wrote:
             | As someone rather naive in regards to cryptocurrency, I
             | don't understand what you're basing this on:
             | 
             | > These smaller coins do not have the capability to
             | automatically or naturally grow bigger market caps, trading
             | volumes, and buy-side demand just because ETH switches to
             | PoS.
             | 
             | What would they need to cross that barrier? For example,
             | don't all coins have the ability to manipulate trade volume
             | by sending money between owned wallets?
        
               | dataangel wrote:
               | Sending money between two wallets you own creates
               | _transaction volume_ not _trade volume_. The latter comes
               | from orders matching against each other on an exchange
               | and requires paying the exchange fees so it is not as
               | easy to fake (you need the exchange itself to be in on
               | it, or they take all your money in fees).
        
           | mkr-hn wrote:
           | Can you translate for people (like me) who don't know what
           | all those numbers are supposed to represent? I can't make
           | sense of it or relate any of them to GPU demand.
        
             | ehsankia wrote:
             | I don't understand much of the site either, but at a high
             | level, my guess is that it's sorting crypto coins by
             | computation required vs $$$. Right now ETH is at the top,
             | aka for every flop you put it, you get the most return, but
             | there are many others not far behind. So even if you were
             | to eliminate Etherium entirely, there would still be plenty
             | other that are profitable to mine.
             | 
             | Why sell a GPU for a fraction of the price, when you can
             | just switch over to another coin and make 50-90% of the
             | money you were making still.
        
         | trompetenaccoun wrote:
         | > _and it 's also true that it's actually arriving this year_
         | 
         | Do you have insider knowledge or just a quality crystal ball?
        
           | spir wrote:
           | I have been full-time on Ethereum for years, I'm a software
           | engineer, and I have a relatively intimate knowledge of the
           | specific milestones the community has been achieving and why
           | that implies that proof of stake will ship this year.
           | 
           | Here's an overview
           | 
           | Dec 2020: proof of stake launched in production, but isn't
           | yet used to secure ethereum, it runs in parallel
           | 
           | October 2021: the last major upgrade to Ethereum before
           | switching to proof of stake went live in production
           | 
           | Today: proof of stake "Merge" testnets are live, all core
           | teams are 100% focused on the merge, regular progress reports
           | are nominal, etc.
        
         | encryptluks2 wrote:
         | People that care about PoS could have already invested in
         | something else. The people stuck on Ethereum will boast about
         | PoS coming soon, but if tomorrow they said they were going to
         | wait for 5 more years they'd stick with Ethereum and talk about
         | PoS for 5 more years without switching to a different PoS
         | token.
        
       | markus_zhang wrote:
       | Hope I can finally pick up dev boards and chips cheaply...
        
       | driscoll42 wrote:
       | Where's the article? I click on the link and it gives a headline,
       | picture and... that's it
        
         | progval wrote:
         | It depends on third-party requests which are blocked by uMatrix
         | by default. Specifically, you need to enable JS from
         | code.piano.io and experience-ap.piano.io, and XHR to
         | c2-ap.piano.io; in addition to the first-party domain.
        
         | adregan wrote:
         | I suppose you have JS disabled? Just turned it off and could
         | replicate your experience.
        
       | taf2 wrote:
       | If it means my designs can be ordered without multiple redesigns
       | I'll take it :)
        
       | atum47 wrote:
       | Good, maybe then I can get the new xbox for a fair price.
        
       | mkr-hn wrote:
       | It looks like the plane used to move some EUV equipment may be
       | damaged or destroyed, so maintain the hope! The supply problem
       | could continue.
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/AntonovCompany/status/149796783633704140...
       | 
       | Of course, this is the least important thing to move in that
       | plane and probably the easiest to find alternate transportation
       | for.
        
       | RONROC wrote:
       | How is oversupply a "crisis" (assuming you're not carrying water
       | for board members)?
       | 
       | Would love to have a level headed conversation about this,
       | assuming someone here can address, what is, in my estimation, a
       | non-issue.
        
         | koheripbal wrote:
         | What you want is predictability and stability. The bullwhip
         | effect of supply chain disruptions alternate between shortages
         | and gluts, and they both cause economic damage.
         | 
         | Having a glut of a product or resource destroys manufacturing
         | capability as employees get furloughed, factories shut down,
         | and talent is lost. ...it then creates a shortage when demand
         | picks up and so on.
         | 
         | Markets are good at reacting if the future is predictive, but
         | if it is unexpected, then there is damage in both shortages and
         | gluts.
         | 
         | Importantly, the more complex and deep a supply chain is, the
         | more unpredictable and magnified the bullwhip effect becomes,
         | even when you expect gluts/shortages. This is because every
         | participant in the chain attempts to cushion themselves from
         | the shocks by stockpiling and timing their sales.
        
           | RONROC wrote:
           | In a perfect system, you are more correct than you give
           | yourself credit for. This is not that. In case you haven't
           | noticed, a GPU costs more than the rest of the components of
           | a PC combined. And that's because of so-called market and or
           | supply chain inefficiencies (which I'm supposed to, as a
           | consumer, take on the chin).
           | 
           | In spite of political, personal, or professional neglect,
           | (don't care which one) chip companies are posting gargantuan
           | earnings YOY and seem to be doing fine.
           | 
           | On the other hand, my sibling can't afford a car or a non-
           | pre-built computer.
           | 
           | I guess it's not clear in your post, but who exactly are we
           | looking out for here? The furloughed talent? The "market"?
           | 
           | And regardless, how is that my problem?
           | 
           | Again, I would love to have a level headed discussion about
           | this, but please be honest about who truly loses in an
           | oversupplied market.
           | 
           | BTW, because I see this here a lot: just because the whole
           | "it's more complicated than you think" rationale is not a
           | commonly accepted logical fallacy, doesn't mean that it's not
           | bullshit all the same.
        
         | yccs27 wrote:
         | In general, oversupply is bad for everyone because all
         | suppliers lose money, but only the ones with deep pockets can
         | survive - increasing market concentration. In this case, I'm
         | not sure it hurts, since the chip market is already dominated
         | by big companies.
        
           | RONROC wrote:
           | There we go brother! You're almost there!
        
         | stjohnswarts wrote:
         | A lot of people consider lean manufacturing a religion and
         | can't seem to see that there are some holes in the plan when
         | you go outside a nation and see that some countries just don't
         | like each other and will use their country's businesses as
         | political capital.
        
           | RONROC wrote:
           | I agree with you man and you would _think_ that would be a
           | given.
           | 
           | However, _the_ critical flaw of highly rational actors is
           | that their actions always incur a reality tax, and, more
           | likely than not, they 're nowhere to be found when the bill
           | comes.
        
         | blihp wrote:
         | Oversupply is great for consumers but very bad for suppliers.
         | Neither extreme is healthy long term. You generally want a
         | balance between supply and demand so that suppliers have a
         | predictable target they're aiming at and can expect a
         | reasonable profit given the capital expenditures needed to make
         | next generation products. If we go into a prolonged oversupply
         | situation, that will be great for prices to consumers in the
         | short term. However the longer it persists this will of course
         | limit, or even eliminate, profits that can be made. As a
         | result, companies will reduce production capacity and
         | eventually R&D for their next generation products. This in turn
         | will tend to increase prices with minimal product improvements
         | longer term.
        
           | RONROC wrote:
           | I hear you man, but guess what, I'm not a supplier, so again:
           | _qui bono_.
           | 
           | You're argument assumes we have anything close to a healthy
           | economy now. And in another world, you'd be right. However,
           | that not being the case, your argument is moot at best and
           | disingenuous at worst.
        
             | hef19898 wrote:
             | The bullwhip effect, the wikipedia page on it is pretty
             | good, has nothing to do with the economy per se. I don't
             | think we have seen it at display as big, as long and as
             | global in my life time. My professional opinion is that a
             | lot can simply attributed to disrupted supply chains and an
             | overall bullwhip effect.
        
             | blihp wrote:
             | You're looking at it purely from the short term perspective
             | of say GPUs, cars etc. as a consumer. Sure, a short term
             | oversupply to drive prices back down to a sane level (or
             | even below sane for a little while) would be a good and
             | healthy thing. That's coming.
             | 
             | However, what the article is talking about is the risk of a
             | longer term oversupply situation at the foundry level. If
             | that happens the result will likely be even more
             | consolidation. The downside to you as a consumer would be
             | lack of innovation and flat to higher prices over time.[1]
             | Once you get below a handful of players in a market, the
             | worse your options as a consumer get.
             | 
             | [1] see Intel CPUs for much of the 201X's
        
           | willis936 wrote:
           | I don't find a transition from JIT to JIC to be very bad for
           | anyone.
        
         | guessbest wrote:
         | Because fewer people click on articles that don't have crisis
         | in the title.
        
       | dusted wrote:
       | of course it will, I've chanting that with some glee and
       | happiness for a while :) Imma drown myself in ramz and gupz! :D
        
       | Wanzy wrote:
        
       | Wanzy wrote:
        
       | megous wrote:
       | Well, some capacity will be freed:
       | 
       | https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/02/25/ukraine...
        
       | neonate wrote:
       | https://archive.is/ZPDnd
        
       | Wanzy wrote:
        
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       (page generated 2022-02-27 23:00 UTC)