[HN Gopher] Berkshire Hathaway 2021 annual report [pdf]
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Berkshire Hathaway 2021 annual report [pdf]
        
       Author : rememberlenny
       Score  : 113 points
       Date   : 2022-02-26 13:31 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.berkshirehathaway.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.berkshirehathaway.com)
        
       | mixedbit wrote:
       | Berkshire continues to sit on cash (144B) with a thesis that
       | productive assets are expensive due to the long period of low
       | interest rates: 'That's largely because of a truism: Long-term
       | interest rates that are low push the prices of all productive
       | investments upward, whether these are stocks, apartments, farms,
       | oil wells, whatever. Other factors influence valuations as well,
       | but interest rates will always be important.' Upcoming interest
       | rate increases may create good opportunities for Berkshire to
       | invest this money and grow.
        
         | qiskit wrote:
         | Also, we've had a 15 year bull run, arguably the greatest in
         | history. Sooner or later that bubble has to pop. No? Though if
         | we run into stagflation, I wonder how they plan on protecting
         | the value of their cash. Regardless, it's amazing how much cash
         | they've accumulated. You expect tons of cash from APPL, FB,
         | GOOG, etc since they are in tech. But I guess it helps when you
         | don't pay a dividend each quarter.
        
         | sanderjd wrote:
         | Since I'm not confident I'll be able to figure this out myself
         | from the article, I'll ask you: how exactly are they keeping
         | this "cash"? It is predominantly some kind of treasury security
         | or something, presumably?
        
           | danielmarkbruce wrote:
           | short term treasuries - that's almost always the answer when
           | a company says cash. Sometimes it's other things, with almost
           | exactly the same characteristics.
        
           | mornuup wrote:
           | It's written plainly in the report:
           | 
           | "Of this sum, $120 billion is held in U.S. Treasury bills,
           | all maturing in less than a year."
           | 
           | So, T-bills.
        
         | mrfusion wrote:
         | How much if that value was destroyed from inflation though.
        
           | madsbuch wrote:
           | Proportionate to the low interest rate. In Denmark money
           | appreciates due to negative interests.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Would people in Denmark say their money buys more today
             | than in previous years? Including purchases such as land,
             | healthcare, education, and legal services?
        
             | skybrian wrote:
             | I think you have the causality backwards. Negative interest
             | rates are due to central bank policy. It seems in Denmark
             | they are trying to keep the Krone pegged to the Euro. That
             | is, preventing it from rising.
        
         | hangonhn wrote:
         | Yeah I'm a long term investor in GE and the low interest rate
         | is actually painful for them cause of their massive pension
         | liabilities. When the rates are so low, GE has to keep shoring
         | up the pension funds with their own money to make up for the
         | shortfalls. Interest on the pension's assets just aren't paying
         | enough to keep up with predicted expenses.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | There is a political reason for this. US leaders exempted
           | taxpayer funded defined benefit pension plans from any rules
           | or regulations, but subjected non taxpayer DB pension plans
           | to strict rules and regulations (ERISA 1974 and PPA 2006).
           | 
           | This means GE's pension plans have to use conservative
           | assumptions and conservative investments, which is all well
           | and good. As an example, GE is required to use the yield
           | curves of high grade corporate bonds to calculate pension
           | liabilities (~4% and lower in recent history).
           | 
           | But for decades, taxpayer funded pensions have been playing
           | fast and loose, assuming enormous return on investments
           | (~8%), underfunding the pensions (to keep taxes low), and of
           | course, investing in riskier and riskier assets to try to
           | make up for the previous years' of underfunding and
           | corruption.
           | 
           | Of course, politicians want to keep kicking the can down the
           | road, and the best way to do so is to keep deflating the
           | dollar and inflating asset prices. It is not politically
           | feasible to cut defined benefit pension amounts, but it is
           | politically feasible to satisfy the nominal benefits promised
           | while providing a much lower real benefit (i.e. one with
           | reduced purchasing power).
        
       | christophilus wrote:
       | One of my favorite thing about this massively profitable company
       | is their website [0]. Buffett's power point presentations are
       | equally slick.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.berkshirehathaway.com/
        
         | pdpi wrote:
         | I suspect a component of it is simply that the sort of
         | investors they want don't actually care, and that they're happy
         | not to deal with people who do care enough to not do business
         | with them.
         | 
         | Sort of the equivalent of this: https://www.microsoft.com/en-
         | us/research/publication/why-do-...
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | Totally unrelated to BRK's website, but something that it
         | brings to mind:
         | 
         | I sometimes wonder if launching a new B2C startup that provides
         | utility, but that doesn't look that good or modern, might
         | succeed not just in spite of the lack of attention to design,
         | but because of it.
         | 
         | I'm talking 1996-2002 era tables and gifs. Nothing fancy.
         | 
         | Would consumers trust it?
         | 
         | Would the usability be greater or worse if it was just plain
         | HTML?
        
           | chrisweekly wrote:
           | It'd be an improvement for the vast majority of websites.
           | 
           | Related tangent: https://gd.css is a great little tag-only
           | CSS reset alternative with a minimalist vibe.
        
           | piaste wrote:
           | As long as it's responsive.
           | 
           | A lot of websites from that era are unusable from mobile
           | phones. Whatever your business or marketing strategy, there's
           | a significant chance the first time a new customer clicks on
           | a link to your webpage, he's doing so from a mobile phone.
        
           | trillic wrote:
           | I'm building https://regattapages.com right now with a
           | similar philosophy to what you described. The majority of my
           | users are highly educated, technical, and over the age of 50
           | on average. They're not afraid of some monospaced text and a
           | console-like input, when it makes sense.
           | 
           | The majority of my layouts are plain text, HTML tables and
           | forms, and some SVG charts spruced up with a little bit of JS
           | if it's enabled (everything should still work without it).
           | 
           | Performance is fast and it looks modern enough so long as I
           | use modern CSS and some reactive design, but makes people
           | feel at home because it doesn't FEEL like big tech.
        
             | kaashif wrote:
             | Nice website! Reminds me of some of those crusty, old-
             | looking tools used in finance (e.g. Bloomberg) which are
             | actually really functional.
             | 
             | There is a typo on https://regatta.page/team:
             | 
             | > Former Software Engineer at Fortune 100 Financial
             | _Serivices_ Company
        
               | trillic wrote:
               | Thank you.
        
             | trillic wrote:
             | I will shamelessly add that this is the first time I've
             | publicly posted https://regattapages.com, and it is still
             | heavily under construction. I did my first live demo at a
             | Regatta this past weekend in St. Petersburg, FL.
             | 
             | I am looking for extremely small seed-level funding so I
             | can continue to build out the site full-time until I am
             | able to sell it to the large number of prospective
             | customers I have (this summer, sailing doesn't happen in
             | the Chicago winter).
        
         | meirelles wrote:
         | > "If you have any comments about our WEB page, you can write
         | us at the address shown above. However, due to the limited
         | number of personnel in our corporate office, we are unable to
         | provide a direct response."
         | 
         | Reading that from them is hilarious. The message might be about
         | being a bootstrapper and not spending frivolously.... or simply
         | saying they don't care, who knows?
        
           | tim333 wrote:
           | They are famously lean staffed at head office. Something like
           | 40 staff. Apparently if you call at like 7 or 8am you'll
           | sometimes get Buffett answering the phones himself.
        
             | IMSAI8080 wrote:
             | I like that approach where you just randomly get the top
             | person. Like anyone could just email Steve Jobs at Apple
             | and sometimes he would personally answer when he felt like
             | it.
        
         | nxmnxm99 wrote:
         | This is such a random post right at the top:
         | https://www.berkshirehathaway.com/message.html
         | 
         | Warren Buffet really is a 100 billion dollar door to door
         | salesman
        
           | BbzzbB wrote:
           | I've always found it very funny that their first link is a
           | GEICO ad. I think he sees the humor in that too, he's no
           | stoic.
           | 
           | Edit: Just finished the letter and he sure is ever the
           | salesman, closing the letter with "cousin" Jimmy Buffett's
           | pontoon party boat, exclusive 10% discount for shareholders!
        
             | rendall wrote:
             | You can also buy a T-shirt: https://berkshirewear.com/
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Tenoke wrote:
               | Huh, this is the lowest priced merch Ive seen (the shirt
               | is $7.50). I'm guessing they are selling them at minimal
               | to no profit.
        
               | gaws wrote:
               | They all look like shit and don't match the simplicity
               | that radiates from the company website.
        
               | nxmnxm99 wrote:
               | Speak for yourself, I'm copping this
               | https://berkshirewear.com/black-t-shirt-w-warhol-warren-
               | scre...
        
               | BbzzbB wrote:
               | Basically every company has merch tho, albeit Berkshire's
               | is decently priced, in-house (subsidiary) manufactured
               | and prominently displayed.
               | 
               | Three first thematic examples I googled (conglomerate,
               | railway, insurer).
               | 
               | https://www.microsoftmerchandise.com/Shop
               | 
               | https://www.cnboutique.com
               | 
               | https://uhg.corpmerchandise.com/default.aspx
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | huge87 wrote:
           | This is so funny, I would not have noticed if you hadn't
           | pointed it out.
           | 
           | That's a pretty good sell to me.
           | 
           | For the record, I happen to work for a Berkshire Hathaway
           | company and Geico gives me good rates.
        
         | ant6n wrote:
         | > Copyright (c) 1978-2022 Berkshire Hathaway Inc.
        
         | gaws wrote:
         | > Buffett's power point presentations are equally slick.
         | 
         | Can you share examples?
        
           | christophilus wrote:
           | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=CenqkE5y9X8
           | 
           | I think it's the only time I've seen him do it, and it's the
           | best. One of the richest men in the world. That's my no-
           | nonsense boy, right there. Love him or hate him, but his no-
           | frills frugality is refreshing.
        
             | dvh wrote:
             | Is that a Times New Roman?
        
         | voisin wrote:
         | I particularly like the capitalization of WEB, like it is an
         | acronym.
        
           | samstave wrote:
           | W.E.B ; Where Everybody Bitches
        
           | mattl wrote:
           | I hear the WEB is best viewed on a MAC.
        
           | danielmarkbruce wrote:
           | It's probably an inside joke - his initials are WEB
        
         | schuke wrote:
         | When I first started to look into this Berkshire Hathaway
         | company and this Warren Buffett person, of course the first
         | thing I checked out was the website. I was immediately sold.
         | Damn, the world would be a much much better place if all
         | websites are built like this. (And text.npr.org)
        
           | mooreds wrote:
           | and lite.cnn.com
           | 
           | May the text versions of these sites never wither away!
        
             | jason_pomerleau wrote:
             | I didn't know about this, thanks. I wonder if the origins
             | of this version of the site go back to 9/11 - I remember
             | specifically that CNN had to switch to a text-only website
             | because they were getting hammered with traffic that day.
             | Maybe they kept this around in case another similar event
             | takes place.
        
               | dublinben wrote:
               | They're much more recent than that, dating to about
               | 2017.[0] CNN's main website in 2001 wouldn't have needed
               | a text-only site because it was already so
               | lightweight.[1]
               | 
               | [0] https://www.poynter.org/tech-tools/2017/text-only-
               | news-sites...
               | 
               | [1] https://web.archive.org/web/20010912003713/http://www
               | .cnn.co...
        
           | pyuser583 wrote:
           | Yes! I love text.nor.org!
        
         | tim333 wrote:
         | He does powerpoint?
        
       | elevaet wrote:
       | > 2021 percentage change in per-share market value of Berkshire:
       | +29.7%
       | 
       | Oof.
        
         | qznc wrote:
         | FTSE All-World index was 28,21%. Slightly beating the market
         | then.
        
           | dazc wrote:
           | I beat that index last year, and the year before that, by
           | simply picking the right tracker.
           | 
           | Could I keep doing this year on year though - no.
        
         | Forge36 wrote:
         | Oof?
        
       | cushychicken wrote:
       | I love the story about TTI's chairman.
       | 
       | Warren and Charlie have always struck me as deeply humanist
       | folks. I really like that about them.
        
         | parenthesis wrote:
         | > I love the story about TTI's chairman.
         | 
         | Which is also a masterful advertisement for private business
         | owners in a similar situation to sell to Berkshire Hathaway,
         | for less money than they might otherwise get.
         | 
         | This is not a criticism: if I wanted to sell a private business
         | and didn't trust any of the obvious trade buyers (nor private
         | equity), I can imagine myself happily selling to Berkshire for
         | less.
        
           | cushychicken wrote:
           | I think that's a big part of their humanism. They understand
           | that the folks that they want to invest in aren't in it
           | entirely for the money. In return, they make it easy to to
           | sell to them: they'll give you a dollar amount, and close
           | nine figure deals inside of a month.
           | 
           | It's self fulfilling and self reflecting.
        
       | drexlspivey wrote:
       | If you are considering investing keep in mind that Berkshire is
       | trading at 1.5 price-to-book ratio. Is there an actual reason to
       | buy the stock instead of roughly replicating their portfolio and
       | maybe periodically rebalancing? You might get slightly different
       | returns but you are not paying a massive 50% premium + fees.
       | 
       | Also Buffet and Munger are in their 90s and I am not sure how the
       | stock will react when the inevitable happens. Personally I would
       | stay away
        
         | mixedbit wrote:
         | Even if they only hold stock positions that you could
         | replicate, you would be buying when Berskshire is already done
         | buying and selling when they are done selling. For example, the
         | recent Bershire's position in Activision was disclosed when
         | Microsoft already made the acquisition offer, so it was too
         | late to replicate it.
        
         | danielmarkbruce wrote:
         | You should read the actual letter, you can't replicate their
         | portfolio, much of it is privately held assets.
        
           | drexlspivey wrote:
           | That's why I said "rouglhy", the vast majority of the
           | portfolio is publicly traded companies and half of it is
           | Apple. Is exposure to those few private assets worth 50%?
        
             | dazc wrote:
             | The private assets provide the cash to buy the public
             | assets, maybe?
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | Many of the public assets also provide cash.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | danielmarkbruce wrote:
             | "vast majority" isn't right though. The market cap of the
             | company is $700 bill. The equities are worth around $350
             | bill. So people who spend all day figuring the value of
             | Berkshire think the other assets make up 50% of the value.
             | The book value of those private assets (worth about $350
             | billion) isn't especially meaningful. Amazon book value is
             | $100 bill or something, the company is valued at $1.5T or
             | so. Apple is less than 100 bill book value, market cap 2.5
             | trill or so.
             | 
             | One could effectively arb out the 350 bill of equities, and
             | they'd be paying 350 bill for a set of assets which have a
             | book value of 100-150 bill. So what? It says nothing.
        
               | voisin wrote:
               | Aren't the private assets held at book value (historical
               | purchase price less goodwill and depreciation) and so
               | likely dramatically understate market value?
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | Yup, the book value is almost certainly understating what
               | the assets are worth. But that isn't always the case. So,
               | it basically means nothing. Folks have to do the
               | analysis, and in this case they have.
        
         | vasco wrote:
         | The transition plan has been in place for years. At the risk of
         | sounding like a wsb meme, it's priced in.
        
         | i_have_an_idea wrote:
         | You seem to be confused that Berkshire is some kind of a mutual
         | fund or an ETF. It is not.
        
         | elisharobinson wrote:
         | they have a huge cash position and when where they chose to
         | invest it will create a halo effect causing it to get bigger
         | .... also they can and will do stock buy backs if they cant a
         | better investment.
        
       | jcalabro wrote:
       | > Much of our huge value creation in insurance is attributable to
       | Berkshire's good luck in my 1986 hiring of Ajit Jain. We first
       | met on a Saturday morning, and I quickly asked Ajit what his
       | insurance experience had been. He replied, "None."
       | 
       | > I said, "Nobody's perfect," and hired him. That was my lucky
       | day: Ajit actually was as perfect a choice as could have been
       | made. Better yet, he continues to be - 35 years later.
       | 
       | This made me laugh. I wish my hiring process was this robust! I'd
       | be curious to know more about why he actually chose him.
        
         | vsareto wrote:
         | >Ajit Jain is an older cousin of Anshu Jain, who was the former
         | Co-CEO of Deutsche Bank.
         | 
         | Connections
         | 
         | >He did his schooling at Stewart School, Cuttack. In 1972, Jain
         | graduated from the IIT Kharagpur in India with a BTech degree
         | in Mechanical Engineering.[4][5]
         | 
         | Tough degree
         | 
         | > where he earned an MBA from Harvard University and joined
         | McKinsey & Co
         | 
         | A second tough degree at Harvard, plus connections from Harvard
         | and McKinsey
         | 
         | >Jain was invited by his former boss, Michael Goldberg, who had
         | left McKinsey & Co. to join Berkshire Hathaway in 1982
         | 
         | Referral by a former boss
         | 
         | I'd say insurance experience played a very small part in why he
         | got the job
        
           | manquer wrote:
           | I agree he had the solid foundation [1] [2], but it is still
           | not that simple. .
           | 
           | Most importantly at this level Buffet would have hundreds of
           | people in his target pool of similar profiles Goldman Sacks,
           | BCG, McKinsey and ofcourse insurance guys with similar
           | Harvard/Stanford/Yale/MIT kind of ivy league education .
           | 
           | Selecting the right person would still be hard.
           | 
           | The pedigree of this kind of education and job helps in
           | filtering out a ton of candidates, and keeping the pool to
           | high quality, however it won't be a selection criteria.
           | 
           | [1] His academic credentials are impressive, but just to keep
           | in mind IIT in 1972 didn't have the same reputation( guys
           | like Jain created that their achievements) as later on
           | especially terms of difficulty getting in - saying this as
           | late 2000s IITb grad
           | 
           | [2] His _younger_ cousin was definitely not factor in 1982
           | when getting hired , he wasn 't Deutsche Bank CEO then
        
             | danielmarkbruce wrote:
             | I haven't met him - but I've heard Ajit Jain is insanely
             | smart and hard working.
             | 
             | If I trusted Mr X, and Mr X said "hey that little startup
             | insurance thing you want to do could be run by Mr Y who is
             | the smartest, hardest working guy I've ever met", and I met
             | Mr Y, and he seemed to be everything that trusted Mr X had
             | said, and had gone to IIT, Harvard and worked at McKinsey,
             | I'd hire him on the spot too.
             | 
             | Also keep in mind - Buffett wasn't the god like figure he
             | is today then.
        
               | manquer wrote:
               | In late 1970s he was worth $67M by 1982 it was $370M ,
               | $670M in 1983 and billonare in 1986 at age 56.[1]
               | 
               | He bought control of Berkshire Hathaway in 1965 about 17
               | years prior to hiring Jain. His model and name were well
               | known in the right circles by then.
               | 
               | In the investment world and cricles where he would be
               | searching for talent in early 80s he had demigod status,
               | making that kind of returns as pure investor without
               | being a founder of tech company like Apple/MS was unheard
               | of .
               | 
               | He was not as popular with general public , it wasn't as
               | big a story for middle aged man making money by investing
               | in boring stocks as compared to 20-30yr old tech rock
               | stars with more colourful life like Jobs/Gates and type
               | of products Apple /MS were building at that time. General
               | public popularity came much later when he became the
               | richest in the world
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | [1] It is very very hard to 20x $50M by just investing in
               | lower risk diversified assets. We don't fully grasp how
               | rich billionaires are. Tom Scott video
               | https://youtu.be/8YUWDrLazCg comes to mind
        
               | danielmarkbruce wrote:
               | Yup, and he got an amazing hire. But he wasn't looking
               | for an investment hire, he was looking for an operating
               | guy, and he wouldn't have had the same level of interest
               | as he would now.
        
         | newyankee wrote:
         | If you were in India, the last name Jain is enough of a brand
         | if you need someone who can grow the business. The community/
         | last name is synonymous with successful businesspeople.
        
           | frontman1988 wrote:
           | That isn't really the case. Jains are of all kinds. From
           | monks to businessmen. He was probably hired because of his
           | IIT + Harvard degree, not his surname.
        
       | apollo1213 wrote:
       | Direct link to view the PDF file:
       | https://docmadeeasy.com/v/192887667
        
       | voidfunc wrote:
       | I bought a bunch of BRK-B a few months ago, its a nice portfolio
       | balancer to the S&P500 which is heavily tech weighted now.
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | BRK is 45%+ AAPL. SPY is ~21% MAMAA.
         | 
         | https://www.cnbc.com/berkshire-hathaway-portfolio/
         | 
         | https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/SPY/holdings/
         | 
         | Seems like SPY is more diversified from "tech" than BRK, which
         | would hardly accomplish the goal of balancing away from tech,
         | unless that means going heavy on Apple compared to the other 4
         | in MAMAA.
        
           | mxschumacher wrote:
           | You did not read the letter or look at the financials.
           | 
           | Apple makes up about half of the equity portfolio, but there
           | are also massive private ownership stakes (bhe, BNSF,
           | insurance and many more) and ~$144bn in cash
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | If you calculate by market cap, BRK's AAPL shares are
             | ~$150B/$713B market cap of BRK = 21% AAPL.
             | 
             | Buying BRK still seems like putting more of your eggs in
             | the AAPL basket than buying SPY, which to me, would be
             | orthogonal to diversifying away from tech.
             | 
             | I guess BRK gives you exposure to Buffet and his team's
             | management skills, but I would be very surprised if they
             | manage to sidestep a downturn in AAPL's fortunes.
        
               | rybosworld wrote:
               | I don't think it's a fair comparison.
               | 
               | Berkshire has more or less concentrated their tech
               | exposure to what they view as the very best of the bunch
               | (Apple). You can also make a very reasoned argument that
               | Apple isn't a (pure) tech company. You can't really make
               | that argument about Alphabet or Facebook in my opinion.
               | 
               | When people say Berkshire diversifies you away from tech,
               | they mean that you are diversifying away from the dozens
               | of tech companies in SPY of varying quality.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | > You can also make a very reasoned argument that Apple
               | isn't a (pure) tech company.
               | 
               | I cannot envision what this argument could be and be
               | congruent with my working definition of "tech company".
               | 
               | > When people say Berkshire diversifies you away from
               | tech, they mean that you are diversifying away from the
               | dozens of tech companies in SPY of varying quality.
               | 
               | I can see that as a possibility. I did, possibly
               | erroneously, assume in the original post I replied to
               | that tech was shorthand mostly for MAMAA, so I guess we
               | would need voidfunc to weigh in on what they meant.
        
               | ant6n wrote:
               | This assumes brk market value = book value. I'd guess
               | they trade higher than book value.
               | 
               | I guess you can always call the difference between market
               | cap and book value "good will" or something...
        
               | mmmpop wrote:
               | Well, I trust Buffett more than your average financial
               | advisor. I'd say it's a fair premium.
        
               | victor106 wrote:
               | Another way to look at it is that you are getting the
               | other assets of BRK for $419bn.
               | 713-(150(apple)+144(cash)). Which I think is a steal.
        
         | mmmpop wrote:
         | Same. I quit my salaried gig and cashed out retirement into a
         | Roth IRA chock full of about 25% BRK/B, 25% AAPL, and the other
         | half more boring stuff.
         | 
         | The boring stuff has really been dragging down the otherwise
         | stellar performance of my portfolio.
        
           | jedberg wrote:
           | Be careful, your BRK is about 1/5 AAPL, so those two will
           | track together. If AAPL takes a dip BRK will too.
        
             | mmmpop wrote:
             | Yep, cool by me!
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger are 91 and 97 years old
       | respectively and have famously bad diets and do no exercise yet
       | are both healthy and productive. Many other examples, like
       | William Shatner, who is 91. Or Henry Kissinger, 98. I think much
       | of conventional wisdom about weight, diet, health is wrong.
       | Outcomes are influenced much more by genes than anything else.
       | That's how these old guys keep going when the 'conventional
       | health wisdom' by the experts says they should be dead.
        
         | victor106 wrote:
         | This also surprises me.
         | 
         | Is this survivorship bias?
         | 
         | Also, I think a stress free happy life could be equally or more
         | important than diet and exercise.
        
         | reducesuffering wrote:
         | I'd posit that more important to longevity than diet, is the
         | relation to retirement and work. It may not be much of a
         | coincidence they're working and living until their nineties.
         | I've noticed too many people decline precipitously after
         | retirement when there was nothing in the way anymore of TV and
         | sedentarism, which is the natural state of things in modernity.
        
         | zemvpferreira wrote:
         | If you're interested in learning more about the factors
         | influencing ageing, you could do worse than listening to dr
         | Horvath talking about epigenetics:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_aaBKubJnA
         | 
         | The summary as I understood is that hereditary factors will
         | determine about 40% of your ageing rate. Doing the right things
         | (eating your greens etc) will affect maybe 10-15% of your
         | ageing rate if you're generally healthy. Avoiding the bad stuff
         | (obesity, smoking, alcohol) will drastically affect your
         | healthspan and lifespan.
         | 
         | It's hard to take these men as an example not to care. Who
         | knows what genetic cards they were dealt, and who knows how
         | much luck or invisible preparedness they have with their
         | bodies. The conventional health wisdom you mention is borne of
         | millions more examples and unequivocally points in the
         | direction of keeping your body in as good a shape as possible
         | through your whole life.
        
         | marvin wrote:
         | Hard to reason from world-famous anecdotes. They could also
         | just have supremely healthy genetics, thus explaining why
         | they're able and willing to work very hard far beyond the
         | normal retirement age. You'd need large studies to learn more.
        
       | beejiu wrote:
       | > Also, a significant portion of the dollars that Todd and Ted
       | manage are lodged in various pension plans of Berkshire-owned
       | businesses, with the assets of these plans not included in this
       | table.
       | 
       | Perhaps this is poorly worded, but can someone explain how that's
       | not a conflict of interest?
        
       | throwthere wrote:
       | Oddly this letter doesn't have an overarching lesson. Some of the
       | teaching points are that interest rates are low driving up
       | valuations of everything, adjusted earnings including ebitda are
       | suspect, don't bet against America, float is under appreciated by
       | gaap.
        
         | gwern wrote:
         | It was another lousy year for Berkshire Hathaway. Hey, at least
         | this year they matched blind dumb indexing! But no interesting
         | major purchases, no benefit from their cash stockpile despite
         | another extraordinary year of volatility & opportunity, and
         | reading the letter is unimpressive - as much as ever it reads
         | like a rambling copy-paste job from the previous year. One
         | wonders at what point the shareholders should hold a family
         | meeting and take the keys away from great-uncle Warren, and if
         | that point is already past.
        
           | voisin wrote:
           | He had some lousy years in the dot com bubble too and some
           | investors jumped ship. I think those investors are likely
           | regretting that decision in retrospect.
        
         | elisharobinson wrote:
         | full picture . they own biggest 'infra' position holding on
         | cash to weather the shit storm . will buy back stock if we fall
         | behind index funds to deliver value .
        
       | dazc wrote:
       | > we employ decent and talented people - no jerks.
       | 
       | Seems like a good idea few other businesses have caught on to?
        
         | Eddy_Viscosity2 wrote:
         | This might depend on his definition of "jerk":
         | 
         | https://www.lawyersgunsmoneyblog.com/2021/12/a-capitalist-is...
        
           | dazc wrote:
           | It also depends on whether you think everything should be
           | measured in a political context?
        
             | Eddy_Viscosity2 wrote:
             | Every billionaire probably should be. The vast wealth they
             | have means they have exceptional power in society to do or
             | not do things that affect many people; a power that can be
             | equal to or greater than that of the actual politicians.
        
           | adventured wrote:
           | That depends on whether the linked article has any validity
           | (it doesn't).
           | 
           | > But when the rubber meets the road, Buffett and [JP] Morgan
           | are basically the same person.
           | 
           | Word for word one of the least accurate articles I've ever
           | seen linked on HN. Shallow on content and it gets nothing
           | right, it's an impressive feat. It wasn't even well written,
           | if it were at least it would be well written fiction and
           | there might be something to enjoy in that fantasy aspect.
           | 
           | The character and personalities of Buffett and Morgan are
           | very different and not "basically" the same. How they treated
           | people - including workers - is dramatically different, that
           | alone ends the article.
           | 
           | Rather comically - as one would have to be exceptionally
           | ignorant of history, or a lying clown to miss by so much -
           | the article is pretending to equate the barbarity of the late
           | 19th century labor conflicts (a time during which Morgan
           | thrived), with workers only getting a $2,000 signing bonus
           | and small pay raises each year.
           | 
           | Only a fool would proclaim - on a thin argument at that - to
           | judge a person's 90 year life on one matter. At numerous
           | turns throughout his business career (including in regards to
           | Berkshire Hathaway itself, the textile mills), Buffett
           | delayed or avoided layoffs even when it's exactly what he
           | should have done as a rational business move, missing out on
           | large sums of money by not doing that.
           | 
           | Of course Buffett isn't a Socialist, which is a good thing.
        
         | gaws wrote:
         | Don't hire jerks. It's that easy.
        
         | xibalba wrote:
         | The key distinction is that they own a lot of Apple stock, but
         | not enough to call people who work at Apple their own
         | employees.
        
       | victor106 wrote:
       | > If the many essential products BNSF carries were instead hauled
       | by truck, America's carbon emissions would soar.
       | 
       | I wonder if Railroads will ever be replaceable, maybe if an EV
       | truck is widely available?
        
       | FredWeschler wrote:
       | The best place on the Internet for Berkshire Hathaway news and
       | discussion is on Reddit: r/brkb
       | 
       | It has more than two dozen value investor moderators and it was
       | created by the legendary and eccentric u/100_PERCENT_BRKB...
       | somewhat of a jerk, but he runs a tight subreddit.
        
         | mrfusion wrote:
         | I don't find much activity in that sub. The discussion that
         | does happen is really well educated though.
        
           | FredWeschler wrote:
           | The discussion is mainly in the Live Chat. Tell me if you can
           | find a better source of Berkshire-related information.
        
             | mrfusion wrote:
             | > Tell me if you can find a better source of Berkshire-
             | related information.
             | 
             | I can't! That's the problem.
        
       | bmmayer1 wrote:
       | Best line: "bull markets breed bloviated bull"
        
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