[HN Gopher] The Rain System  "contains wildfires within 10 minut...
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       The Rain System  "contains wildfires within 10 minutes of ignition"
        
       Author : jessenichols
       Score  : 60 points
       Date   : 2022-02-23 20:12 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.rain.aero)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.rain.aero)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | rmason wrote:
       | Conveniently it's a single tree that catches fire with none
       | nearby. Plus the drone is mere minutes away. What if it's densely
       | packed brush and the drone is further away? Or a powerline
       | touches off the fire setting hundreds of trees aflame? Or
       | multiple lightning strikes touches off many fires in a wide area?
       | This thing looks as if will be very expensive and work only some
       | of the time.
        
         | shaftway wrote:
         | I don't think this would even be able to put out a single tree
         | catching fire. Generally the fire is too vertical and the
         | extinguisher would land on the ground and not be activated by
         | the heat, so it won't go off until flaming branches fall down,
         | at which point the fire is too large.
        
           | davidbanham wrote:
           | You're referring to a canopy or crown fire. It depends on
           | conditions, of course, but it usually takes time for enough
           | heat to build up that a fire crowns. There's generally a
           | period where it will burn through the lower and mid stories
           | and it spreads.
        
         | lucasmullens wrote:
         | Expecting something to work 100% of the time is far too high of
         | a bar to set for fire prevention. If it helps it saves lives.
        
           | vasco wrote:
           | That's not necessarily true. It may help and save no lives.
           | It may not help.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | It may cause fires...
        
         | landemva wrote:
         | It will be in great publicity videos, with FEMA kicking in
         | funds for purchase grants. Local firefighters will have fun
         | playing with new toys funded by further deficit spending.
        
         | lumost wrote:
         | Or the drone's battery/electronics light on fire.... There is
         | no good reason why the drones themselves can't be the source of
         | the fire.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Exactly my worry. To get to reasonable flight times you need
           | very energy dense batteries which are a potential source of
           | ignition, and good luck putting that out.
        
         | Ancapistani wrote:
         | My intuition says that in those cases, even partially
         | extinguishing the fire would buy a bit of time, and in the
         | meantime you've now got live aerial footage of the fire's
         | location and progress to better inform the people who are
         | responding to it.
         | 
         | ... in other words, putting out the fire with the UAS is a
         | "best case", and may happen more often than you'd think, but
         | really it's mostly marketing. That doesn't mean that the system
         | doesn't provide real value.
        
         | onion2k wrote:
         | _This thing looks as if will be very expensive and work only
         | some of the time._
         | 
         | Something that works some of the time is significantly better
         | than nothing, and if the times it works saves millions then the
         | price is likely worth paying.
         | 
         | Don't let perfect be the enemy of good.
        
           | demadog wrote:
           | This is version 0.1 - it will get much better. Anything you
           | can think of, they've thought of and it's on their roadmap.
        
             | imoverclocked wrote:
             | Anything?! This implies they have thought of everything
             | which is a dangerous assumption. I think it's important to
             | ask questions, even (especially?) ones that seem obvious.
        
             | dymk wrote:
             | Lofty ideas, supported only by hope. People can dream up
             | solutions as much as they want, doesn't mean it's going to
             | work.
             | 
             | 99% of startups fail, this one will be no exception to the
             | stats.
             | 
             | Sure, they might succeed, but there's no guarantee they'll
             | make it past this super basic PoC.
        
               | onion2k wrote:
               | _Lofty ideas, supported only by hope._
               | 
               | They're a startup. That's what startups do. If you think
               | they're wasting their time you're _really_ on the wrong
               | website right now.
        
               | klyrs wrote:
               | Most startups fail. Declaring any one a waste of effort
               | is statistically justified. Alternative reason to read
               | HN: a sadistic desire to watch people fail, and say that
               | I told you so.
        
               | beepbooptheory wrote:
               | This is maybe unnecessarily harsh (but you do you).
               | 
               | I too am mostly here in a more spectating mode when it
               | comes to all the VC startup brained ideas, but its not
               | primarily _people_ that fail, its an entire system of
               | thought, and the money that gets poured into it; its
               | staunch belief in technological determinism combined with
               | highly sophisticated investment schemes and plenty of
               | capital.
               | 
               | I am not going to the race to see the cars maybe crash,
               | its enough to see the cars go round and round in circles.
        
       | jwineinger wrote:
       | Hopefully the exploding balls don't fling embers away to start
       | another fire.
        
       | excalibur wrote:
       | All I can picture is drones attacking campfires, grills, and
       | hookahs.
        
       | robomartin wrote:
       | Yeah. No. As Mr. Wonderful like to say, take it behind the barn
       | and shoot it.
       | 
       | Even a swarm of these cannot compare to the awesome power of
       | small and large (Sikorsky) helicopters as well as medium to large
       | (Boeing 707-class) tanker aircraft attacking a fire.
       | 
       | I have lived in fire country half my life. You NEVER get to fires
       | when it's a convenient pile of logs in the middle of an
       | accessible clearing that a drone can hover 20 feet above to
       | precision drop suppressant balls. The more likely scenario is
       | that, by the time it is detected you have to drop swimming-pool
       | quantities of water or suppressant multiple times. And, of
       | course, let's not even discuss a decent amount of wind and
       | everything that goes with the situational awareness that pilots
       | have.
        
       | rchaves wrote:
       | "Rain acknowledges the essential role of wildfire in healthy
       | ecosystems. Read More."
       | 
       | I was glad to see this
        
         | soperj wrote:
         | When you read more, it's one big buuuuuuut.
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | The "read more" largely turns it into "Rain acknowledges the
         | essential role of wildfire in healthy ecosystems, _but chooses
         | to ignore it_ ".
        
       | moralestapia wrote:
       | Hi guys/gals, (I know HN typically prefers comments with more
       | substance but) I just want to praise what an amazing project this
       | is and I like how this has a real potential of saving lives,
       | property and ecosystem. I wish you are able materialize your
       | mission!
        
       | hosh wrote:
       | Neat tech, but I think prescribed burns are probably better for
       | the general health of the forest ecology. Furthermore, prescribed
       | burn uses a smaller tech stack (less dependencies on high tech)
       | and is more resilient to logisitical and tech failures.
       | 
       | Speaking more on resiliency, in permaculture design, wildfire
       | analysis is one of the things you do in a sector analysis when
       | designing a site.
        
       | onychomys wrote:
       | I do wonder how they're going to get enough coverage. There are
       | plenty of places where a fire might start that are dozens of
       | miles from the nearest road. You'd presumably want to deploy the
       | base camps in some sort of grid, which would mean a whole lot of
       | hiking things in on horses.
        
       | micro_cam wrote:
       | I'm very intrigued by the potential for new wildfire tech but as
       | someone who lives in wildfire land in Montana i have my doubts
       | about this video... detecting putting out a campfire is a pretty
       | idealized case.
       | 
       | Most fires in our area seem to be started (either by lightning or
       | an improperly extinguished campfire) and then exist as an
       | undetectable underground smolder for quite a while until hot,
       | dry, windy conditions emerge. Then they can blow up incredibly
       | quickly: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OxcDxp07okc
       | 
       | The current system of lightning strike tracking, inferred
       | overflights, lookouts and helicopter bucket/crew drops works
       | pretty well. They literally drop a crew who can dig down and put
       | out the smoldering parts and then drop a huge amount of water
       | from nearby lakes on starts to get them out.
       | 
       | I could absolutely see drones improving the detection of
       | smolders/smoke plumes but the method they have for putting fires
       | out seems like it wouldn't work on buried smolders or anything
       | that had grown too big. I wonder if they have considered
       | something like a swarm of drones that could scoop water from
       | smaller closer water sources and maximize the delivery rate vs
       | the current helicopter and tanker systems.
        
       | missedthecue wrote:
       | Of course, this only works if you spot the small fire quickly. By
       | the time smoke is high up in the air, the fire has likely grown
       | larger than this drone can handle.
        
         | systemvoltage wrote:
         | Drones are horizontally scalable. Instead of one, 50 can go
         | extinguish the fire.
        
           | joelbondurant1 wrote:
        
           | stickfigure wrote:
           | You're going to need _way_ more than 50, and they 'll need to
           | coordinate dropping on a wide flame front. Also, it's not
           | clear what they're using as a retardant - powders and gasses
           | are almost useless in wildland fires. You need water.
           | 
           | That said, what would be really useful is a surveillance
           | drone we can send out when someone phones in a smoke report.
           | 9 out of 10 times the call is nothing, but we still have to
           | suit up, drive to the station, get in the engine, and go
           | investigate.
        
           | dreamcompiler wrote:
           | You're off by a few orders of magnitude. It's more like
           | 50,000, and that would only work for a very small fire.
           | 
           | Water is heavy and it takes a _lot_ of it to counteract the
           | heat generated by a wildland fire. Which is why water is not
           | the primary tool for fighting wildland fires: McLeods,
           | chainsaws, and bulldozers are. Fuel removal along a one-
           | dimensional perimeter is much easier than bringing in massive
           | quantities of water across a huge two-dimensional area.
        
           | NAR8789 wrote:
           | That sounds like a scene straight out of factorio. I'm not
           | sure whether that's delightful or concerning.
        
         | buttscicles wrote:
         | Yeah, I'd like to know how it's spotting these fires
        
           | addaon wrote:
           | Satellite fire detection can find ignitions pretty darn quick
           | -- much quicker than I would expect.
           | 
           | Also, some ignitions come from known sources (e.g. powerline
           | downing), and monitoring and localization already exists in
           | some cases (PG&E).
        
           | svnt wrote:
           | Satellites do that.
        
       | qayxc wrote:
       | Meanwhile in the world of forest management:
       | https://www.fs.usda.gov/managing-land/prescribed-fire
        
       | hirundo wrote:
       | The more effective rapid fire fighting becomes, perversely there
       | is more demand to tolerate more fuel near structures because
       | there is less expectation of losses. If that demand is met, when
       | the rapid response fails, the fire will be more catastrophic.
       | 
       | It's like, having a gun for personal security can be more
       | dangerous than going unarmed if the gun gives you unreasonable
       | confidence.
        
       | hexnuts wrote:
       | I can totally see this being adapted for crowd control. Gathering
       | has exceeded X amount of allowed people in one area, deploy tear
       | gas and countermeasures.
        
       | mabbo wrote:
       | The reason we have such terrible fires now is that we keep
       | putting out fires when they're small. Nature builds up too much
       | burnable matter over time. Small fires would burn it in small,
       | localized areas. But if the small fires don't happen then we get
       | the massive fires that destroy towns, cities, and cost lives.
       | 
       | I am not impressed by a new way to put out small fires, because
       | that just ensures bigger fires in the long run.
       | 
       | Take those drones and replace the water bombs with extra fuel
       | tanks or batteries, so they can fly longer. Have automated
       | patrols looking for fires daily, so that we can control small
       | forest fires carefully- while letting them burn.
        
         | dragonsky67 wrote:
         | One of the biggest problems with managing bushfire in Australia
         | is having the fire "jump the line". Where embers fly ahead of
         | the main fire, starting spot fires that unless dealt with just
         | extend the reach of the fire. Currently a lot of spot fire
         | management is attempted using helicopters with water buckets,
         | but this is both expensive and bloody dangerous. Being able to
         | use semi disposable drones could assist dramatically.
         | 
         | There are however a number of problems I can see that this
         | approach will have to overcome.
         | 
         | - You need to preposition the drone in such a way that it can
         | remain charged and also is protected from any potential bush
         | fire before it's utilised. This could be achieved with a fire
         | protected, solar powered shelter, but this significantly
         | increases the cost. Maybe they could be deployed from a long
         | duration aircraft?
         | 
         | - The airspace around a bush fire is a particularly hostile
         | environment. I'm not seeing the average off the shelf drone
         | deal with smoke, particles and embers and still function
         | effectively. Also the sensor package will have to deal with
         | restricted view as well as reduced GPS/Radio caused by
         | smoke/firestorm interference.
         | 
         | That said, this system could be very effective in dealing with
         | smaller locations, close to built up areas where you can target
         | deployment for those high risk fire ban periods.
        
         | sharp11 wrote:
         | Our past forest management practices are a part of it, but
         | climate change is also a huge part:
         | <https://www.c2es.org/content/wildfires-and-climate-change/>
        
         | tshaddox wrote:
         | I don't think a system like this is comparable to the 10 a.m.
         | policy of attempting to totally suppress all wildfires. It
         | still makes sense to quickly detect and suppress all _unwanted_
         | wildfires. And as far as I know, the proposed solution to the
         | 10 a.m. policy isn 't to just randomly let some percentage of
         | natural wildfires burn as much as they want, but rather to do
         | prescribed burns (and still fight to control and extinguish
         | unwanted wildfires).
        
         | dabinat wrote:
         | I read about this a few months back and it seems that a key
         | issue with controlled burns is liability. No-one wants to be
         | responsible if the wind blows in an unexpected direction and it
         | gets out of control. They're scared of the variables. And of
         | course, the less you burn, the greater the risk when you do
         | burn, so it's a vicious cycle.
        
         | Teever wrote:
         | > I am not impressed by a new way to put out small fires,
         | because that just ensures bigger fires in the long run.
         | 
         | I take it you don't live next to a large forest?
        
           | RangerScience wrote:
           | AFAIK, it's now long (40+ years) that (at least on the west
           | coast) periodic small fires are not only beneficial, but
           | necessary, and that the US policy of "stop ALL fires" has
           | been long-term extremely problematic. Mostly the "knowing" of
           | this was finally accepting that the ways of those who
           | originally lived here (first nations / native americans)
           | were, in fact, better, since such periodic burns were the
           | practice of those people.
           | 
           | AFAIK, the CA forest service have been trying to ramp up the
           | number of small, controlled burns, but it's hard to not only
           | get the funding to do it (in part because it's during the
           | off-seasons) but because it's actually really hard to do
           | _because_ of the buildup up underbrush, which is the very
           | problem the periodic burns address.
           | 
           | It's like a tech debt situation. There's enough tech debt
           | that it's making it harder to pay it down.
           | 
           | I absolutely would not be surprised if forests on the east
           | coast respond very differently to these kinds of burns.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | Living near something doesn't make one an expert in that
           | thing. I live near a school, but I'm still fairly worthless
           | as an elementary school teacher or administrator.
           | 
           | The actual experts agree with the parent poster.
           | 
           | https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/may/06/how-
           | fore...
           | 
           | https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/decades-
           | mismanagement-l...
           | 
           | https://www.propublica.org/article/they-know-how-to-
           | prevent-...
           | 
           | https://www.vox.com/2015/9/17/9347361/wildfire-management-
           | pr...
           | 
           | (We could also do what Australia does, and set better
           | standards for buildings and neighborhoods for surviving
           | fires.)
        
             | cgriswald wrote:
             | The grandparent poster seems to be commenting about
             | relative risk rather than personal expertise. You may not
             | make a good elementary school teacher or administrator, but
             | it would make sense for you to have an opinion on how the
             | school manages traffic. Certainly you wouldn't value my
             | opinion since I don't live by the school and even if I had
             | expertise in school traffic management I might not have
             | your interests in mind.
             | 
             | That said, I don't agree with the poster's attitude. (For
             | the record, I live next to, and essentially _in_ a large
             | forest.) A controlled burn could get out of hand, but in
             | general, controlled burns will do so less frequently than
             | an unplanned wildfire if we aren 't doing controlled burns.
             | Or, in other words, whatever short term risk there is from
             | a controlled burn near me is paid back by a reduced overall
             | long term risk. Since I have no plans to sell my home (and
             | even if I did, because I care about other people)
             | controlled burns is a clear path forward from my point of
             | view.
        
             | Teever wrote:
             | I live in a location that is more or less impervious to the
             | effects of climate change and rising sea levels but I still
             | support the development of technology like dams that will
             | save lives in the face of rising sea levels. This is no
             | different
        
         | lnwlebjel wrote:
         | Alternatively, this allows you to burn when you want to, such
         | as when conditions are favorable to maintain control of the
         | fire. You're correct that preventing large fires is important -
         | control burns must be part of the solution.
        
           | RC_ITR wrote:
           | Yeah, we should definitely put out small fires in August and
           | let (or force) bigger ones to burn in March.
           | 
           | Wild how little critical thinking gets put behind these meme
           | ideas like 'historic forest management is the only problem
           | and we should let everything burn'.
        
         | dillondoyle wrote:
         | I would be interested to hear from a scientist on a couple
         | questions I've had around this thinking:
         | 
         | I've read that because of this built up material AND dead trees
         | from beetle kill, no water or snow, etc that the fires burn too
         | hot and kill the regenerative seeds. Is this true?
         | 
         | If so how does that factor into the balance of that decision?
         | 
         | And do they take into account the carbon and pollution emitted
         | that's a HUGE net negative? Maybe we can't ever stop them from
         | happening in the first place perhaps it's more flatten the
         | curve
         | 
         | Plus landslides and instability.
         | 
         | I think I've also read burn scars don't absorb and retain as
         | much water - but I'm not as confident in that memory?
        
           | CrazyStat wrote:
           | > Maybe we can't ever stop them from happening in the first
           | place perhaps it's more flatten the curve
           | 
           | We've been trying to "flatten the curve" for the past
           | century. Turns out that was a bad idea. The only way too get
           | back to a healthy ecosystem at this point is to allow a
           | hundred years of excess built up fuel to burn.
           | 
           | California had artificially pleasant (i.e mostly wildfire-
           | free) summers for many years. The next few decades will be
           | paying the price for that.
        
             | space_fountain wrote:
             | Isn't this a very norm biased idea. I think geo engineering
             | gets too much of a bad rap. It's powerful and thus massive
             | mistakes have and will be made, but we're only going to get
             | better at it. Why resign ourselves. Would logging at
             | sufficient amounts help, could we better smooth the release
             | of water and fix this? I sort of hate the modern
             | environmentalisms insistence that we should just throw up
             | our hands and anything else is inherently bad.
        
       | tobyjsullivan wrote:
       | This is great! Sounds like they are solving the problem of
       | detecting tiny fires in vast wilderness[0].
       | 
       | Detection seems like 80% of the problem. Immediate response would
       | be a huge improvement over the current strategy. That's a win
       | even if they don't solve the drone scaling/deployment/automation
       | problems.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.rain.aero/missions/software-engineer-realtime-
       | fi...
        
         | svnt wrote:
         | It looks like a practical use-case for drones even if the
         | dropping of suppressive poke-balls probably needs improvement.
         | 
         | Rough numbers: 3 million acres of forest in USA, one drone
         | could ultimately cover 500 sq km (13 km radius) 6000ish drones
         | call it 10k for redundancy
         | 
         | Even at 10k per drone including base station that's roughly
         | $100M in hardware to cover the entirety of US forestland.
         | 
         | PG&E is your first customer.
         | 
         | edit: Even if I'm low by an order of magnitude on costs, PG&E
         | is your first customer: https://www.utilitydive.com/news/cpuc-
         | imposes-largest-ever-p...
        
           | byw wrote:
           | Honestly $100M is not bad considering a single Boeing 737
           | costs the same amount.
           | 
           | But realistically you'd want winged drones, otherwise you'd
           | need a large number of bases (power hookups, maintenance,
           | etc.).
        
           | python999 wrote:
           | Maybe they would just monitor the corridors along
           | transmission lines. That would be a tiny fraction of the
           | area.
        
         | Jabbles wrote:
         | They aren't actually detecting the fires, according to this
         | article linked on their press page:
         | 
         |  _Each drone would be parked inside a secure shelter and
         | launched in response to fire-watch cameras or satellite
         | imagery. It would navigate autonomously to the ignition site
         | using "computer vision," its infrared sensors feeding data to
         | AI software to estimate the size, growth rate, and direction of
         | the fire, before "deciding" whether to drop retardant on the
         | fire, create a firebreak ahead of it, or summon more drones.
         | Human operators would oversee and approve its operations._
         | 
         | https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/11/30/can-bay-area-startups...
        
       | temp8604 wrote:
       | On a day where there is actually high fire risk (ie. high wind in
       | hot weather) this system will be too late and not deliver enough
       | retardant to make any difference. In those conditions you will
       | have tens or hundreds of square meters of fire in within that
       | time. Actual fire ignition will usually not be in the open away
       | from other materials as shown in the example. It may be able to
       | stop fires on days when conditions are mild enough to let it run
       | for the ecosystem benefits.
        
         | horsawlarway wrote:
         | I mean - it looks a LOT like it didn't even put the fire in the
         | video out...
         | 
         | Look at the logs as it starts flying back up - they're clearly
         | still burning, even after the 4 suppressants pop, and then they
         | conveniently cut away very quickly.
        
       | dragonsky67 wrote:
       | Just wondering what the range is on those drones. If you are
       | supposed to be covering 100's of km of bushland you will need a
       | significant number of drones, or they will need to have high
       | speed and long range.
       | 
       | Wondering if they would be better having the fire retardant
       | dropped from some type of lighter than air craft or maybe base
       | the drones on a lighter than air craft that can loiter in the
       | area for a significant period, reducing the difficulty in pre
       | placing the drones.
        
       | gbayes wrote:
       | I do wonder about the range given the payload is by necessity
       | pretty heavy
       | 
       | Also not going to work well with lightening / thunderstorm based
       | ignitions, or in high wind in general
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | The surveillance and response part is interesting. I can't
       | imagine drones that size can deliver an effective response.
       | Especially if the fire is in a tree crown (lightning strike) and
       | not in a neat bounded campfire ring.
       | 
       | Still, knowing a fire has started is half the battle.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | Plus, it's a complete aerial surveillance network for
       | wildnerness. What it doesn't prevent in fires it makes up for in
       | policing and governance. Fire marshalls and fire codes have been
       | used for warrantless searches on activists for decades because
       | they have fewer restrictions than police. I once met an
       | environmental investigator in government who was regularly
       | brought in by regional police to do drone flyovers with FLIR/IR
       | looking for grow ops and do paralell construction when they were
       | more illegal as well.
       | 
       | Wildfire suppression is a super interesting use case for drones,
       | and one that could scale to much larger UAVs, though the business
       | case for them is plausibly closer to the more general enforcement
       | case.
        
         | Accujack wrote:
         | It's a nice effort, but not terribly practical. They can't have
         | the drones performing surveillance over wild lands for a number
         | of reasons, not the least of which is that a crashed drone
         | could start a fire. They also make noise that can disturb
         | wildlife and humans enjoying the wilderness.
         | 
         | Plus, they're a ready made platform for dropping stuff from the
         | drone, so immediate military and terrorist uses.
        
         | svnt wrote:
         | The drones don't fly unless there is a fire, otherwise the
         | drones become a major fire risk, statistically.
        
           | dragonsky67 wrote:
           | base the drones on an airship that can loiter for days/weeks.
           | 
           | airship could also assist in surveillance.
        
       | anonu wrote:
       | Going to file this one in the "Amazon Drone Delivery" ideas
       | box...
        
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       (page generated 2022-02-23 23:01 UTC)