[HN Gopher] Ukraine Conflict Live Map
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       Ukraine Conflict Live Map
        
       Author : journey_16162
       Score  : 366 points
       Date   : 2022-02-22 15:36 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (liveuamap.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (liveuamap.com)
        
       | vmception wrote:
       | I finally read up on these regions, and know that I'm not done
       | given that all sources are questionable and no consensus has been
       | reached.
       | 
       | But I do understand that Donetsk and Luhansk both have petitioned
       | for more autonomy in an amended Ukranian constitution (that would
       | give all administrative-districts more autonomy). This has failed
       | but apparently Ukraine _is_ in the process of becoming more
       | decentralized with their own constitutional amendments, pursuing
       | a concept of Federalism /Confederacy similar to Switzerland,
       | which Donetsk and Luhansk would benefit from but that idea of
       | satisfying those districts has long passed, now that they handle
       | their own affairs and also receive Russian passports now.
       | 
       | So because the desired constitution has failed, when that chance
       | for diplomacy was available, and they already receive Russian
       | passports, what exactly is the goal here?
       | 
       | Are they supposed to be on the map as their own countries? Are
       | there two new countries on the map? Is there an accession to
       | Russia?
       | 
       | I get Putin's words look more like a piecemeal approach of
       | chopping territory back from Ukraine, until it and all former
       | soviet states are simply Russian states. But I think most of that
       | is just grandstanding to sound cool to his own people. I _also_
       | think any opportunity of affinity towards Russia will be seized
       | upon, especially when there is a direct border.
       | 
       | I'm purposely avoiding the discrimination against Ukrainian-
       | speaking people and actions against dissidents, given the area is
       | reported as being lawless for some time now. And focusing on the
       | geopolitical element.
       | 
       | So with that in mind, what does recognition as independent even
       | mean? They get Russian passports and citizenship and freedom of
       | movement and work in Russia already. Are they simply saying that
       | civil and criminal justice can't be appealed to either Ukraine or
       | Russian higher courts? Going to go with the autonomous region
       | concept until a future referendum of accession into Russia?
       | 
       | I can't get an answer from my Ukrainian friends either, "its just
       | hybrid war, American news making it bigger than it is, Biden
       | making misinformation". I watched Putin's speech, but okay, maybe
       | my translation was wrong, seems like denial to say Biden is just
       | making a big deal though, but I guess I too wouldn't care about a
       | border region full of people that aren't interested in my
       | country's values. This last point seems to be what another
       | comment from someone transplanted to Ukraine is saying.
        
         | iskander wrote:
         | Every country has regions with distinct cultural and linguistic
         | identities. It often takes an outside power to enable them to
         | split away.
         | 
         | Like with Ossetia, Abkhazia, Transnistria, &c the central actor
         | is Russia, not the regions themselves.
        
           | adolph wrote:
           | A counterpoint might be:
           | 
           |  _The Dissolution of Czechoslovakia (Czech: Rozdeleni
           | Ceskoslovenska, Slovak: Rozdelenie Cesko-Slovenska) took
           | effect on January 1, 1993, and was the self-determined split
           | of the federal republic of Czechoslovakia into the
           | independent countries of the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
           | Both mirrored the Czech Socialist Republic and the Slovak
           | Socialist Republic, which had been created in 1969 as the
           | constituent states of the Czechoslovak Federal Republic._
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissolution_of_Czechoslovakia
           | 
           | Edit:
           | 
           | Also Catalonia:
           | 
           |  _The Catalan independence movement (Catalan: independentisme
           | catala;[a] Spanish: independentismo catalan) is a social and
           | political movement (with roots in Catalan nationalism) which
           | seeks the independence of Catalonia from Spain, along with in
           | the movement supporting the independence of Northern
           | Catalonia from France, and Alghero from Italy (among other
           | Catalan-speaking areas, referred to as the Catalan
           | Countries)._
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_independence_movement
           | 
           | Also Euskara:
           | 
           |  _The Basque conflict, also known as the Spain-ETA conflict,
           | was an armed and political conflict from 1959 to 2011 between
           | Spain and the Basque National Liberation Movement, a group of
           | social and political Basque organizations which sought
           | independence from Spain and France._
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_conflict
        
             | iskander wrote:
             | There are a few counter-examples and Czechoslovakia is
             | definitely one of them.
             | 
             | The Catalan and Basque independence movements, however,
             | have been successfully contained by Spain. They lacked
             | external support and could not compete with the strength of
             | state suppression. If a neighbor ever chooses to get
             | involved we might see independent Basque and Catalan
             | countries.
        
             | glogla wrote:
             | The GP is just Russian propaganda account. Just downvote,
             | flag, move on - no need to answer. Some sources even say
             | they get more money if you reply.
        
               | iskander wrote:
               | ?
        
         | int_19h wrote:
         | Putin literally wrote an essay on how he sees Ukraine:
         | 
         | http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/66181
         | 
         | It's agitprop, of course. But it's agitprop for both external
         | and internal consumption, and the latter parts are very
         | telling.
        
           | throwawayay02 wrote:
           | That's a quite good read. I'd like an annotated version with
           | fact checking and commentary.
        
         | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
         | > Are there two new countries on the map?
         | 
         | It depends who's map you're looking at.
         | 
         | > I'm purposely avoiding the discrimination against Ukrainian-
         | speaking people
         | 
         | Bear in mind that it's not as simple as discriminating between
         | those who speak Ukrainian and those who speak Russian. A
         | significant proportion of the Ukrainian population speak
         | Russian primarily, but otherwise have no political affinity for
         | Russia.
         | 
         | > Going to go with the autonomous region concept until a future
         | referendum of accession into Russia?
         | 
         | This is most likely it, though it could further escalate into
         | an even more egregious invasion, which would trigger a military
         | response from Ukraine, which would then give Russia the _casus
         | belli_ they are looking for.
        
           | jcranmer wrote:
           | > A significant proportion of the Ukrainian population speak
           | Russian primarily, but otherwise have no political affinity
           | for Russia.
           | 
           | The best counterpoint for most westerners to understand is
           | this: most Irish people speak English as their primary, if
           | not only, language. Yet English-speaking Irishmen were (and
           | still are) _vehemently_ against being part of the UK.
        
             | mistrial9 wrote:
             | thank you for including examples of people - on both sides
             | of that conflict - who will not stop fighting their
             | neighbors, no matter what the century. We used to say long
             | ago, "what is so funny about peace, love and
             | understanding?"
        
             | p1esk wrote:
             | Not the same. My understanding is Ireland has always been
             | culturally separate from England, and as you said, wanted
             | to be politically separate for many centuries. Ukraine is a
             | very young independent state, with its borders changing
             | significantly throughout the last 100 years, but for the
             | most part it was happy to be part of Russia/USSR until the
             | USSR collapse.
             | 
             | I'd even say Ukraine is probably more like California, (or
             | Texas) in relation to US, rather than Ireland in relation
             | to GB. And just like I wouldn't mind if California
             | separated from US, I don't mind Ukraine being separate from
             | Russia, but the cultural ties are probably similar to the
             | ties between CA and the rest of US.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | The Ireland/England example was meant to be an example of
               | how speaking the same language is not indicative of
               | having the same culture.
               | 
               | Culture is really hard to pin down, and there are
               | examples of distinct national identities that are really
               | hard to differentiate in ethnographic terms--the US and
               | Canada are the example that comes readily to mind here.
               | 
               | As for the "Ukrainians happily being part of Russia/USSR"
               | bit, I think the sibling comment does it more justice
               | than I can.
        
               | frenchy wrote:
               | > but for the most part it was happy to be part of
               | Russia/USSR until the USSR collapse.
               | 
               | All of the Ukrainian imigrants in North America would
               | dispute that. See also, Holodomor.
        
               | p1esk wrote:
               | My father is a Ukrainian immigrant in North America. He
               | does not share your opinion. So you probably shouldn't
               | speak for all of them.
               | 
               | As for Holodomor, it was caused by a bloody dictator who
               | killed a lot more Russians than Ukrainians during the
               | same period, so I'm not sure it proves anything about
               | Russian/Ukrainian relationship. To him it would not make
               | any difference if Ukraine was not part of Soviet Union
               | (see how he treated Poland).
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | Ukraine may be a young _state_ , but the ethnic identity
               | is considerably older. And yes, of course there are
               | significant cultural ties due to shared origin - so what?
               | Serbs and Croats are even closer, which did not preclude
               | them from trying to ethnically cleanse each other in
               | Bosnia.
               | 
               | > it was happy to be part of Russia/USSR
               | 
               | It was so happy in Imperial Russia that the authorities
               | saw it fit to severely censor publications in Ukrainian:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ems_Ukaz
               | 
               | It can also be instructive to look at this list and see
               | how many of those were against Russia.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cossack_uprisings
               | 
               | As for the USSR, well, there was that whole Holodomor
               | thing.
        
               | p1esk wrote:
               | Most large nations have these kind of issues from time to
               | time. US had the civil war. Still, I wouldn't say that
               | historically Ukraine wanted to be completely separate
               | from Russia in the same way as Ireland has (from UK).
               | 
               | Nationalists are usually the loudest minority, while the
               | bulk of population does not really care.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | The only time I can think of when Ukraine as a polity
               | expressed the desire to be aligned with Russia was the
               | Pereyaslav Rada during the Hetmanate. And that one was
               | really a choice between Russia and Poland, so the only
               | question they answered is whether Ukraine is culturally
               | closer to one or the other (no surprise there, given
               | their religion). It did not preclude the subsequent
               | hetmans from seeking foreign aid against Russia in
               | further rebellions.
        
         | ed_balls wrote:
         | > I watched Putin's speech
         | 
         | I've seen it as well. My guess is that Covid made a huge dent
         | (Low gas prices and economic problems). Putin has to direct
         | this anger somewhere.
         | 
         | This is the swan song of the Russian state. People living in
         | the Soviet sphere see how other countries are developing.
         | Ukraine had a higher GDP per capita than Poland - now it's 4x
         | lower. It's true for every single place from Kaliningrad,
         | Caucasus to Vladivostok. They are worse off than their
         | neighbours for purely political reasons.
         | 
         | Only thing that holds everything together is the authoritarian
         | regime with strong military and natural resources. The problem
         | is the world will become less dependent on fossil fuels and
         | mining in Siberia is more expensive than pretty much
         | everywhere. Russia won't be able to pay for the army.
         | 
         | This is an existential threat to the Russian state. My
         | prediction is that around 2030 there will a civil war, 2nd
         | Chechnya.
        
           | ohwellish wrote:
           | it's not about covid or money - its about Ukraine becoming
           | stronger, more independent than ever from russian influence
           | as old corrupt politicians are getting off their political
           | power so he no longer have a leverage over Ukrainian
           | government the way he used to have
           | 
           | its about the choice Ukranian ppl made in 2014 and strong
           | independent Ukraine is a direct threat to russian kleptocracy
           | as russain ppl might have ideas they could make this push too
        
           | throwawayay02 wrote:
           | Energy prices are near all time highs, Russia's finances
           | should be great.
        
             | ed_balls wrote:
             | but not in 10 years
        
         | dandanua wrote:
         | > I do understand that Donetsk and Luhansk both have petitioned
         | for more autonomy
         | 
         | Crimea was an autonomy. The outcome you know.
        
       | tomtomistaken wrote:
       | We made a map where you can add Tweets by tweeting its URL. It's
       | far from done and has a lot of bugs, but it's still a nice proof
       | of concept.
       | 
       | https://decarbnow.space/
        
       | ed_balls wrote:
       | Hn hug of death. Does anyone have a mirror?
        
       | dainiusse wrote:
       | Very good map - god bless Ukraine.
        
       | csee wrote:
       | Putin just recognized the full Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts, 2/3
       | of which is currently controlled by Ukraining troops. Hard to see
       | how this doesn't escalate into a full on war now?
        
         | journey_16162 wrote:
         | Their best bet is probably to give them up, in hopes Russia
         | will not invade the entire country.
        
           | partiallypro wrote:
           | Russia will probably invade the entire country,
           | because...well Ukraine could still join NATO and would likely
           | now have the votes (they just can't be in a state of war.)
           | Also Putin made pretty clear yesterday he doesn't believe
           | Ukraine can exist without it being Russian.
        
             | avgcorrection wrote:
             | Invading the entire country would be very costly. Russia
             | has a superior military but Ukraine's is still very large,
             | and the attacker needs superior numbers to begin with (a
             | general principle). And they would have to deal with a lot
             | more insurgency warfare as they move into the west of the
             | country.
             | 
             | I think Russia might possibly have ambitions of conquering
             | the east of the Ukraine up to Dnieper but no further. Which
             | is still a large area, to be sure.
        
               | bcrosby95 wrote:
               | > Which is still a large area, to be sure.
               | 
               | And includes the capital of Ukraine.
        
             | throw827474737 wrote:
             | What would they want with the whole country, lol? Believe
             | they would be happy if the EU adopts that economically
             | ruined part any time, without threatening them further by
             | pulling more and more countries .. ah anyway.. So many
             | armchair politicians and strategists with so much far off
             | comments here, it is getting hilarious.
             | 
             | And yeah, a lot of pain that will now ensue likely could
             | have been avoided if that NATO thing hadn't started now, or
             | maybe even taken Russia in when they pleaded for it 20
             | years ago? But yeah, now go on and push them more and more
             | into their corner, where either one of us or them will soon
             | do something really stupid.
             | 
             | I know I will be downvoted to oblivion, and Russias move
             | now is very bad, but the hypocracy and the US-pinked
             | armchair geostrategic world view here is really so one
             | sided, cannot believe it.
        
           | vorpalhex wrote:
           | Russia invaded those two regions - why not take the rest?
        
             | journey_16162 wrote:
             | We don't know that - and sadly, it's not that unlikely. But
             | if they don't retreat from those regions while it's still
             | an unknown, it will just give Russia pretext to invade
             | entire Ukraine. They don't have a lot to lose by retreating
             | and potentially everything to win if Russia backs off.
             | There's not a chance anyway they would be able to take
             | those regions back.
        
               | vorpalhex wrote:
               | You don't scede territory in hopes that it might make
               | your adversary content. That has basically never worked
               | historically. Russia _already_ has invented a pretext for
               | "pacifying" Ukraine. The response must be sudden and
               | overwhelming force.
               | 
               | Put another way, when someone has broken into your house
               | at night when it is obviously occupied, you do not hand
               | over your wife or children in hopes your own life may be
               | spared. You respond with an escalation of force.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > If they don't retreat from those regions while it's
               | still an unknown, it will just give Russia pretext to
               | invade entire Ukraine.
               | 
               | According to Ukraine, Russia invented the pretexts it has
               | already cited for the "need" to intervene in those two
               | regions, so from Ukraine's perspective, avoiding given
               | Russia a "genuine" (given Russia's nakedly illegal
               | claims) pretext has zero marginal cost, since the absence
               | of a "genuine" (even given Russia's preexisting
               | propaganda position) pretext has no evident impact on
               | Russia's willingness to act.
               | 
               | Given that, Ukraine has little rational reason to
               | consider providing a pretext under Russia's propaganda
               | framework to be a significant factor.
        
           | mywittyname wrote:
           | Their best bet is to fight back and show that war will cost
           | Russia more than they thought.
        
             | 0xmarcin wrote:
             | The question is how much it will cost Ukraine? In my
             | opinion the conflict is already lost, now the Ukraine
             | should concentrate on minimizing the losses and avoiding
             | full scale war.
        
             | ohwellish wrote:
             | that's exactly what will happened it will cost russia so
             | much more than they could possibly imagine from just
             | Ukraine pushing back alone
        
             | cutemonster wrote:
             | But what does Putin care what it costs Russia? As long as
             | he personally is still well off
        
               | csee wrote:
               | If it bombs their economy and puts pressure on the
               | oligarchs, the chances of overthrow/revolution goes up.
               | 
               | On the other hand, if this stirs up nationalistic
               | sentiment, his support will go up.
               | 
               | I am not sure how these net off.
        
           | shmerl wrote:
           | Like all racketeers, Putin will lie through his teeth and
           | will grab anything he could grab waiting for opportunity to
           | grab even more. He'll never stop voluntarily. He can't
           | produce, he knows only how to steal and rob.
           | 
           | So their best chance is to push back and to look for allies
           | who could help put Putin back in place that he belongs - near
           | the latrine.
        
           | avgcorrection wrote:
           | Is Putin even interested in making them into sovereign
           | states? I don't see how it achieves any of Russia's goals. It
           | hardly widens the Volgograd Gap.
           | 
           | I think concessions from the West would be better for Russia.
           | But since they aren't giving them any, Putin seemingly had to
           | go in with his "peacekeeping force" or be called on his
           | bluff.
           | 
           | I think Putin might plan to invade Ukraine to the point of
           | making a land bridge to Crimea. Because I don't see how
           | Russia's position has been improved with this move, even if
           | Ukraine backs off from Donetsk and Luhansk completely.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > Their best bet is probably to give them up, in hopes
             | Russia will not invade the entire country.
             | 
             | The concessions Russia is looking for from the West are
             | retreat from the NATO countries of Eastern Europe so that
             | Russia can do (or, turn them into puppets with the threat
             | of doing) the same thing to them that it is now doing to
             | Ukraine.
             | 
             | The first part is nakedly overt, the second part is not
             | even all that subtle in their intent. They've been very
             | clear that Russia is entitled to a sphere of influence
             | around its borders under its effective exclusive direction.
        
               | csee wrote:
               | But how does this make logical sense. There's a number of
               | European countries that are not in NATO that are now
               | going to be signing up to NATO. All that Russia has
               | gained is to veto Ukraine's NATO membership but it has
               | lost this bigger battle.
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | Their best bet is probably to give <Czechoslovakia> up, in
           | hopes <Germany> will not invade the entire <Europe>
           | 
           | Their best bet is probably to <pay the Danegeld>, in hopes
           | <the Dane> will not <return with further demands>.
        
             | dundarious wrote:
             | Abkhazia and South Ossetia would seem to be the more
             | relevant examples that go counter to your implied argument.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Abkhazia and South Ossetia would seem to be the more
               | relevant examples that go counter to your implied
               | argument.
               | 
               | Yeah, if you were advising the government of Ukraine, you
               | could make that argument in 2014 about why yielding in
               | practice without formally giving up Crimea made sense.
               | 
               | But, _given Crimea_ , if you were Ukraine in 2022, you'd
               | have to consider the balance to have shifted back to the
               | Munich/Danegeld position.
        
               | dundarious wrote:
               | Crimea is gone and it's not coming back. That much has
               | been clear pretty much since day 1 of annexation. It's a
               | strategic port, and there was a chance of a color
               | revolution handing it to NATO. I could imagine the Kazakh
               | cosmodrome driving a similar wedge, depending on how and
               | if unrest grows there. Neither would imply Putin or the
               | Russian leaders more broadly want something like
               | "lebensraum".
               | 
               | In fact, Russia can't sustain an Afghanistan level
               | war/quagmire, which is what a broader Ukrainian invasion
               | would be. Even if they had designs beyond Abkhazia/SO
               | style "independence movement support", I don't think they
               | could afford (militarily, not economically) to follow
               | through. Maybe I'm wrong and this will be like the 2nd
               | Chechen war. I think it won't. Plenty of Western powers
               | are already more than happy to supply "lethal aid", i.e.,
               | weapons and munitions, to Ukraine, even with neo-Nazi
               | groups involved. The same could not be said for the
               | Islamic fighters in Chechnya (AFAIK).
               | 
               | And I don't think Minsk 2 was a bluff. Neither Ukraine
               | nor Russia are honoring it. Ukraine needs to stop
               | implementing discriminatory language and education laws,
               | and seriously seek to implement some form of regional
               | autonomy. Russia needs to withdraw its forces (it was
               | pretending it hadn't deployed any). Neither side wishes
               | to "give in" to the other. Neither side are "the good
               | guys", or a "beacon of democracy", or "anti-
               | imperialists", and deserving of military support.
               | 
               | I wish that there had been more focus on the fact that
               | the West could have relatively easily applied pressure to
               | make a more serious attempt at implementing Minsk 2. But
               | instead, everything is reduced to a battle of good and
               | evil.
        
               | nikolay wrote:
               | Biden was pushing and pushing and gave no assurance to
               | Putin and we're here now. I'm not sure who pulls Biden's
               | strings, but it could just be his old self when we was
               | Obama's vice president and actually started the
               | Euromaidan. As an US taxpayer, I'm ashamed my taxes go to
               | support stirring of conflicts abroad with known outcomes!
               | Just like the bombing of the sovereign Syria and the
               | desire to separate it into two. Suddenly, what Russia is
               | doing (and we've attempted and have done successfully in
               | the past ourselves) is bad! Until we act the the world's
               | bully, nobody will truly respect us, and world peace
               | would just be a pipe dream!
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Crimea is gone and it's not coming back
               | 
               | True or not, that's irrelevant.
               | 
               | What is relevant is that the action _now_ in Donetsk and
               | Luhansk demonstrates that the approach of tacit
               | acceptance taken in response to the occupation of Crimea
               | is not (contrary to what one might assume if only looking
               | at Abkhasia and South Ossetia as indicators) sufficient
               | to forestall further Russian territorial aggression.
        
               | dundarious wrote:
               | I agree, Crimea is not relevant to the discussion of
               | whether the most likely analog is Abkhazia/SO or
               | Munich/Danegeld. That was my point in bringing it up. It
               | was a conditional part of your argument, but I think it
               | was an orthogonal issue.
               | 
               | My other two points were that there are strong practical
               | reasons why a full Ukrainian invasion is quite unlikely
               | and why a full withdrawal was quite unlikely ("quagmire"
               | and no Minsk 2 implementation, respectively).
               | 
               | I'm not a fan of terms like "territorial aggression", not
               | that it's not apt (Russia invading is clearly aggression,
               | even a meaningful threat is "aggression" according to the
               | UN charter), but such phrases are often used as a
               | substitute for the actual motivating factors, and hence,
               | used as a way to obfuscate the substantive issues. I
               | still think there is a more straightforward and practical
               | explanation.
               | 
               | > And I don't think Minsk 2 was a bluff. Neither Ukraine
               | nor Russia are honoring it. Ukraine needs to stop
               | implementing discriminatory language and education laws,
               | and seriously seek to implement some form of regional
               | autonomy. Russia needs to withdraw its forces (it was
               | pretending it hadn't deployed any).
               | 
               | Putin is not consumed with abstract "territorial
               | aggression", looking at a globe with flames in his eyes
               | (I'm not accusing you of that, I'm just having fun, and
               | making a broader point about some of the international
               | relations phrases that are kindof weasel words in my
               | opinion).
        
             | Mikeb85 wrote:
             | Except if you've followed Ukrainian politics since, say,
             | 2000, you'd also know that those regions were always very
             | pro-Russian. Yanukovych came to power twice (including
             | after the Orange Revolution politicians self-destructed)
             | because of it.
             | 
             | Without them voting in Ukrainian elections, the entire
             | political scene in Ukraine has shifted towards the West and
             | become somewhat more stable... Ukrainian politicians can't
             | admit it but they don't actually want those regions back.
        
         | int_19h wrote:
         | The interesting thing about Putin's presidential decrees [1][2]
         | is that they do not actually say anything about what the
         | borders of DNR/LNR are. They just say, "recognize ... as a
         | sovereign and independent state".
         | 
         | I rather suspect that this is deliberate, to allow for flexible
         | interpretation as needed. On one hand, it's obvious
         | justification for pushing beyond the actual territory
         | controlled by DNR/LNR. On the other, if they don't actually do
         | that, or try and are stopped, they can always claim that that
         | was the plan all along, and "mission accomplished".
         | 
         | [1]
         | http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/00012022022200...
         | 
         | [2]
         | http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/00012022022200...
        
           | csee wrote:
           | Well apparently he gave a speech today where he said he
           | recognized the LDNR borders according to their constitution,
           | which are the entire oblasts?
        
             | int_19h wrote:
             | Yep, that doesn't bode well at all.
        
         | nikolay wrote:
         | So, don't you think Ukraine was asking for this all the time?
         | Maybe now the speculations about Zelensky being a Putin's
         | puppet make more sense; he's a good actor, no doubt his past
         | career, but you had to be really stupid not knowing what was
         | going to happen. At the end of the day, we all expected Putin
         | to recognize these republics back during the Euromaidan. I'm
         | pretty sure a lot of the Russians in East Ukraine felt betrayed
         | all this time. So, often you can postpone certain events, but
         | they will eventually happen - like it or not. And this is no
         | surprize for anyone.
        
       | wazoox wrote:
       | Putin is currently playing out the same game as he did in 2008 in
       | Georgia. Abkhazia and South Ossetia aren't formerly part of
       | Russia; their existence merely guarantee that Georgia cannot be
       | part of NATO. That's the plan: preventing forever Ukraine from
       | being part of NATO. That's been the constant demand or Russia
       | since Gorbachev, Yeltsin, etc. So the pseudo-republics of Donetsk
       | and Luhansk will remain forever, just for this purpose.
        
         | jmyeet wrote:
         | This is the best comment on this thread.
         | 
         | I've actually been surprised how State Department propaganda
         | ("anonymous sources within the State Department / Pentagon /
         | White House") is transmitted unfiltered on the media,
         | particularly after so many incidents of it being wrong (WMDs
         | anyone?). It's also so sad to see how pro-Imperialist the
         | suppposed Left is. Worse is how easily so many seem to accept
         | this narrative.
         | 
         | The US promised NATO wouldn't expand east in 1990 and then
         | immediately reneged on it and has done so repeatedly since to
         | the point where NATO is knocking on Russia's door. Russia
         | absolutely does not want Ukraine in NATO. I guess that's the
         | line in the sand.
         | 
         | This draws predictable "It's Ukraine's choice" calls but when
         | you provide an analogy like "How would the US feel about China
         | or Russia building military and forward operating bases in
         | Mexico or China along the US border?" it gets dismissed like
         | "that would never happen", which of course doesn't answer the
         | question.
         | 
         | Yep, Russian troops have entered Ukraine and that's bad. But
         | it's not a war... yet. And Putin isn't a madman. This is a
         | high-stakes move to keep Ukraine out of NATO and the West
         | really needs to reconsider our position on this because it's
         | not unreasonable. More to the point, is it worth igniting a war
         | over Ukraine? Really?
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > The US promised NATO wouldn't expand east
           | 
           | No, it didn't, at least in any way which anyone who is
           | qualified for even an entry-level position in any diplomatic
           | service on Earth would mistake for a binding commitment even
           | on the then-current administration, much less indefinitely
           | into the future. (The most commonly cited statement on this
           | is actually a reference to deployment of troops within United
           | Germany in the near term post-unification, and the second
           | most commonly cited _does_ refer to NATO expansion but is a
           | communication of items that _could_ be on the table for
           | discussion _if_ Russia was willing to come to the table on
           | German unification, not a commitment; but there also some
           | claims that some other private communication not reduced to a
           | binding international agreement occurred.)
           | 
           | If it had made such a promise to the USSR in a binding way,
           | we could discuss, based on the specific form of the agreement
           | and the subsequent diplomatic action relevant to it after the
           | fall of the USSR whether it was still binding between any
           | parties and which nation or nations were the USSR's
           | successors in interest and what were the legal effects were
           | of any potential disunity between those parties.
           | 
           | But since it _didn 't_, the whole set of questions is moot.
           | 
           | > and then immediately reneged on it
           | 
           | NATO expansion to Eastern European nations beyond the former
           | East Germany didn't occur until 1999, which is not
           | "immediately" after an event alleged to have happened in
           | 1990.
        
             | remarkEon wrote:
             | >No, it didn't, at least in any way which anyone who is
             | qualified for even an entry-level position in any
             | diplomatic service on Earth would mistake for a binding
             | commitment even on the then-current administration, much
             | less indefinitely into the future.
             | 
             | Oh yeah? From the former Ambassador to Soviet Union
             | (1987-1991), Jeff Matlock [1]:
             | 
             | >One persistent U.S. demand is that Ukraine's territorial
             | integrity be restored. Indeed, the U.S. is party to the
             | Budapest Memorandum in which Russia guaranteed Ukraine's
             | territorial integrity in return for Ukraine's transfer of
             | Soviet nuclear weapons to Russia for destruction in accord
             | with U.S.-Soviet arms control agreements. _What the U.S.
             | demand ignores is that, under traditional international
             | law, agreements remain valid rebus sic stantibus (things
             | remaining the same)._
             | 
             | >When the Budapest memorandum was signed in 1994 there was
             | no plan to expand NATO to the east and Gorbachev had been
             | assured in 1990 that the alliance would not expand. When in
             | fact it did expand right up to Russia's borders, Russia was
             | confronted with a radically different strategic situation
             | than existed when the Budapest agreement was signed.
             | 
             | What annoys me about this discussion is that people
             | continue to say none of this matters because there wasn't a
             | treaty signed with Soviet Union - an entity that does not
             | exist anymore - and this somehow means that anything said
             | in the past also doesn't matter. It certainly matters in
             | the minds of people escalating things in Eastern Ukraine
             | right now. So it certainly isn't "moot". How in the world
             | is that question "moot" if it's the driving reason behind
             | Russia's perspective in this? You can disagree with
             | Russia's security perspective, and that's fine. But to just
             | toss out the NATO expansion as "moot" is both historically
             | inaccurate, and borders on deliberately ignorant as if
             | Russia is not allowed its own security concerns in the
             | first place.
             | 
             | There's several other dimensions of this discussion that
             | aren't happening at all - e.g. what NATO is even supposed
             | to be doing in the 21st century 30 years after its raison
             | d'etre evaporated, what continued maintenance of American
             | Empire in Europe means for both Europe and the United
             | States and whether that's really in everyone's best
             | interest, and how the alliance actually stacks up against a
             | recalcitrant China in the Pacific Theater or if it is
             | really even charted to do that - because we're so obsessed
             | with Russia for reasons that are probably best left
             | unstated for now. Inb4 I get accused of "apologizing" for
             | Russia's actions here, I'm not. What they're doing is imo a
             | long-term strategic blunder that will cost lives in the
             | near-term. It's also wrong that the default position in the
             | West right now is "Russia's concerns aren't legitimate
             | QED".
             | 
             | [1] https://www.krasnoevents.com/uploads/1/1/6/6/116679777/
             | krasn...
             | 
             | edit: grammar
        
               | darkarmani wrote:
               | > what NATO is even supposed to be doing in the 21st
               | century 30 years after its raison d'etre evaporated
               | 
               | How can you even say this with a straight face as Russia
               | invades neighboring countries? You know why Russia
               | doesn't attempt this land grab with NATO countries? NATO.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | > what NATO is even supposed to be doing in the 21st
               | century 30 years after its raison d'etre evaporated, what
               | continued maintenance of American Empire in Europe means
               | for both Europe and the United States and whether that's
               | really in everyone's best interest, and how the alliance
               | actually stacks up against a recalcitrant China in the
               | Pacific Theater or if it is really even charted to do
               | that - because we're so obsessed with Russia for reasons
               | that are probably best left unstated for now.
               | 
               | NATO's raison d'etre evaporated? Pretty sure Estonia,
               | Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland (at a minimum) don't agree
               | with that. It's the same it's always been - keep Russia
               | from marching west across Europe. A bunch of countries in
               | Europe still think that's important, and that it needs a
               | credible military force to accomplish it. Russia's
               | actions in Georgia and Ukraine do not give warm feelings
               | of security to small countries on Russia's periphery.
        
               | astine wrote:
               | ">One persistent U.S. demand is that Ukraine's
               | territorial integrity be restored. Indeed, the U.S. is
               | party to the Budapest Memorandum in which Russia
               | guaranteed Ukraine's territorial integrity in return for
               | Ukraine's transfer of Soviet nuclear weapons to Russia
               | for destruction in accord with U.S.-Soviet arms control
               | agreements. What the U.S. demand ignores is that, under
               | traditional international law, agreements remain valid
               | rebus sic stantibus (things remaining the same).
               | 
               | >When the Budapest memorandum was signed in 1994 there
               | was no plan to expand NATO to the east and Gorbachev had
               | been assured in 1990 that the alliance would not expand.
               | When in fact it did expand right up to Russia's borders,
               | Russia was confronted with a radically different
               | strategic situation than existed when the Budapest
               | agreement was signed."
               | 
               | And this gives Russia permission to invade a sovereign
               | nation? Ukraine's independence is not just a matter of
               | the Budapest Memorandum, it's a matter of the wishes of
               | the Ukrainian people who have wanted independence from
               | Russia for centuries, something many Russians don't want
               | to acknowledge.
               | 
               | So far, NATO has not invaded Russia or violated its
               | territorial sovereignty but Russia has violated the
               | borders of multiple boarder states, so it's a bit rich
               | for Putin to complain about NATO when he's clearly just
               | trying to reincorporate border states that were conquered
               | by the Tzars.
        
               | remarkEon wrote:
               | >And this gives Russia permission to invade a sovereign
               | nation?
               | 
               | Nowhere did I suggest this, and Matlock does not even
               | imply it in his essay. I was pretty clear that the
               | problem I have with this discussion at this point. To put
               | it bluntly: we will get nowhere with diplomacy if our
               | line continues to be "your concerns are fake and made up,
               | so do what we tell you". That's the attitude I see in
               | here, in MSM, and from politicians (mostly in the US).
               | Russia needs to be punished for what they're doing, but I
               | want to see an end to these conflicts. The greatest
               | geopolitical blunder since the end of WWII is the utter
               | failure of the West to come to terms with and reintegrate
               | Russia into a joint-security sphere after the fall of
               | communism and Soviet Union. It's bigger than the Iraq War
               | even, since Russia actually does have nukes.
               | 
               | >...it's a matter of the wishes of the Ukrainian people
               | who have wanted independence from Russia for centuries
               | 
               | Some of these people in Ukraine are hardcore neo-Nazis,
               | and we are giving them weapons. Some a genuine I'm sure,
               | and I haven't been to Ukraine, and only have a few
               | friends from there. So it's hard for me to gauge exactly
               | how genuine any of this is given how toxic coverage of
               | anything even tangentially related to Russia is in the
               | West.
        
               | astine wrote:
               | "Some of these people in Ukraine are hardcore neo-Nazis,
               | and we are giving them weapons. Some a genuine I'm sure,
               | and I haven't been to Ukraine, and only have a few
               | friends from there. So it's hard for me to gauge exactly
               | how genuine any of this is given how toxic coverage of
               | anything even tangentially related to Russia is in the
               | West. "
               | 
               | Well I have been there and I can tell you that Ukrainian
               | patriotism is much broader than just the far right. Some
               | of the people in the US are hardcore neo-Nazis but nobody
               | assumes that they drive American foreign policy.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | nocturnial wrote:
           | At first, I would've agreed with your position but I don't at
           | this point.
           | 
           | Russia said they wouldn't invade Ukraine because:
           | 
           | -Russia is holding military exercises, you're being paranoid
           | 
           | -Nobody invades a european country on a wednesday (ok, that's
           | true. They did it on a tuesday)
           | 
           | -Russia is pulling back troops.
           | 
           | -Russia will pull back troops as soon as the military
           | exercises are done. So (previous) sunday. (or not!)
           | 
           | -Russia isn't invading Ukraine, we're just sending
           | peacekeeping forces into the region that we declared
           | independent of Ukraine.
           | 
           | etc... These aren't negotiation tactics to resolve future
           | NATO membership concerns. These are stall tactics to position
           | their military.
           | 
           | What Russia did strengthens the resolve of Ukraine to seek an
           | alliance with NATO although they wouldn't qualify for
           | membership. The more likely reason is that Russia hopes to
           | undermine NATO. By taking Ukraine and putting themselves at
           | the border of NATO countries, they can test if there's going
           | to be a 2 tiered NATO. Countries for which the alliance is
           | willing to invoke art. 5, and countries they are willing to
           | abandon to avoid a world war.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | Technically, Ukraine joining NATO would have also put
             | Russia at the border of NATO countries. And it seems
             | obvious to me that it would prefer a neutral buffer zone,
             | instead of encirclement. Removing the first option from the
             | table in 2013 forced the question of the second one.
             | 
             | I can't see how any of this could have worked out well,
             | starting from the moment that Ukraine membership in NATO
             | became a serious political subject.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Technically, Ukraine joining NATO would have also put
               | Russia at the border of NATO countries
               | 
               | Technically, Ukraine's entire population being whisked
               | into another dimension and its borders being impassable
               | walls of force would _also_ put Russia at the border of
               | NATO countries (as would, for that matter, NATO not
               | expanding after 1949), because Norway (1949), Lithuania
               | (2004), Latvia (2004), Estonia (2004), and Poland (1999)
               | all exist (and Lithuania and Poland surround a non-
               | contiguous piece of Russia, even.)
               | 
               | And that's just counting _land_ borders, otherwise you
               | have to also consider the USA (1949), Turkey (1952), and
               | Bulgaria and Romania (2004).
        
           | simplyaccont wrote:
           | is there some specific memorandum of understanding or
           | something with promise not to expand NATO east ?
        
             | croes wrote:
             | It's complicated
             | 
             | https://www.spiegel.de/international/world/nato-s-
             | eastward-e...
        
               | simplyaccont wrote:
               | in other words - no
        
               | croes wrote:
               | In others words they avoided it being written down like
               | the germans avoided calling the Two plus Four agreement a
               | peace treaty. Political trickery.
               | 
               | That may have worked for the germans to prevent paying
               | reparations to greece, but the NATO trick lead to the
               | problems we now have with russia.
               | 
               | Remember how the US reacted to some missiles in Cuba?
        
               | simplyaccont wrote:
               | problem with russia is not nato but putin's head. if you
               | had listen to his speech yesterday, nato is just a
               | pretext because people need enemy to unite against. in
               | reality he wants ussr back (he was complaining yesterday
               | that republics were allowed to leave ussr to easily and
               | ukraine is not a real country but something made up by
               | lenin and stalin). he wants back the glory of soviet
               | empire.
        
               | croes wrote:
               | Things don't happen in a vacuum.
               | 
               | Putin is a result of what happened under Yeltsin, where
               | some people got very rich and the rest had to suffer.
        
               | jmyeet wrote:
               | Relevant quote:
               | 
               | > But the recollections of those involved aren't always
               | consistent. Roland Dumas, who served as the French
               | foreign minister in 1990, would later say that a pledge
               | was made that NATO troops would not advance closer to the
               | territory of the former Soviet Union. But the U.S.
               | secretary of state at the time, James Baker, has denied
               | that any such promise was ever made - a claim that some
               | of his own diplomats, however, have contradicted. Jack
               | Matlock, who was the U.S. ambassador to Moscow at the
               | time, has said that "categorical assurances" were given
               | to the Soviet Union that NATO would not expand eastward.
               | 
               | Even if you deny that such a promise was made (and
               | broken), you should be able to understand how having a
               | hostile military alliance literally on your border is
               | unacceptable and the US would never accept it were the
               | tables turned. That's the point.
               | 
               | There are no good guys here. Go back to the Cuban Missile
               | Crisis. There's a popular narrative of the US being
               | provoked. But the truth is, the US instigated the Cuban
               | Missile Crisis by deploying strategic nuclear weapons to
               | Turkey (interestingly under the auspices of NATO, a
               | "defensive" pact). Cuba was reciprocity. Those missiles
               | in Turkey were quietly removed.
        
               | astine wrote:
               | "(interestingly under the auspices of NATO, a "defensive"
               | pact)"
               | 
               | According the grand strategy of the cold war, those
               | missiles _were_ defensive. Their presence was requested
               | by Turkey and when they were removed there was a
               | diplomatic stink about it because the Turks argued that
               | this was the US no honouring their agreement. There was
               | nothing  "quiet" about their removal.
               | 
               | This isn't comparable to Ukraine however. The US isn't
               | trying to put nuclear missiles in Ukraine (and there
               | aren't NATO nukes in any other former SSR either.) And it
               | wouldn't matter if they were, because the range of ICBMs
               | has increased since 1962. Russia isn't invading Ukraine
               | to prevent nuclear weapons from being deployed on its
               | doorstep; it's doing so to reestablish its control over
               | its former empire.
        
             | wazoox wrote:
             | Not really. However the position of Russians has been
             | absolutely constant. See these excerpts from talks between
             | Gorbachev and James Baker, Baker and Chevarnadze, with the
             | famous "verbal assurances":
             | 
             | https://www.les-crises.fr/wp-
             | content/uploads/2022/02/Promise...
             | 
             | Yeltsin in this telex to Bill Clinton from 1993:
             | 
             | https://www.les-crises.fr/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/otan-
             | ex...
             | 
             | Reported in the NYTimes:
             | https://www.nytimes.com/1993/10/02/world/yeltsin-opposes-
             | exp...
             | 
             | Then came a promise from Secretary of state Christopher on
             | 10/22/93 that there would be no extension:
             | 
             | https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/document/16380-document-08-secret
             | a...
             | 
             | However Richard Holbrooke changed his discourse, and
             | Yeltsin complained in 94:
             | 
             | https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/document/16385-document-13-offici
             | a...
             | 
             | Then again:
             | 
             | https://www.les-crises.fr/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/NT-
             | fron...
             | 
             | However, Yeltsine nearly died in 96, and his election
             | relied entirely on manipulations at a large scale from the
             | CIA. Therefore, Clinton thought he was free to proceed with
             | NATO extension:
             | 
             | https://www.les-crises.fr/wp-
             | content/uploads/2022/02/Perry-p...
             | 
             | But there was large disapproval from the Russian, like
             | Gorbachev still in this Herald Tribune 1997 guest article:
             | 
             | https://www.les-crises.fr/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/otan-
             | ex...
             | 
             | But in the US too, like George Kennan in the NYTimes, 1997:
             | 
             | https://www.nytimes.com/1997/02/05/opinion/a-fateful-
             | error.h...
             | 
             | and many others, Michael Mandelbaum,Richard T. Davis, John
             | Lewis Gaddis, even Thomas Friedman thought extending NATO
             | was a serious mistake.
             | 
             | > Privately, though, a few more perceptive officials
             | acknowledged that relations with Russia had not been
             | handled well. In his memoir, Duty, Robert M. Gates, who
             | served as secretary of defense in the administrations of
             | both George W. Bush and Barack Obama, made some interesting
             | admissions. "When I reported to the president my take on
             | the Munich conference, I shared my belief that from 1993
             | onward, the West, and particularly the United States, had
             | badly underestimated the magnitude of the Russian
             | humiliation in losing the Cold War..." Yet even that blunt
             | assessment given to Bush did not fully capture Gates' views
             | on the issue. "What I didn't tell the president was that I
             | believed the relationship with Russia had been badly
             | mismanaged after [George H.W.] Bush left office in 1993."
             | Among other missteps, "U.S. agreements with the Romanian
             | and Bulgarian governments to rotate troops through bases in
             | those countries was a needless provocation." In an implicit
             | rebuke to the younger Bush, Gates asserted that "trying to
             | bring Georgia and Ukraine into NATO was truly
             | overreaching." That move, he contended, was a case of
             | "recklessly ignoring what the Russians considered their own
             | vital national interests."
             | 
             | https://www.cato.org/commentary/did-putins-2007-munich-
             | speec...
             | 
             | Also, there's the treachery of the 2011 Libya operation :
             | 
             | https://www.les-crises.fr/wp-
             | content/uploads/2018/03/libye-0...
        
             | cowwander wrote:
             | This is a very well known agreement. Search for writing on
             | HW Bush's Secretary of State James Baker agreeing to
             | Gorbachev that NATO would expand "not another inch"
             | eastward. Much has been written about this, and it is
             | considered ~first principles~ level knowledge on the topic
             | of Russia/Ukraine. Putin came of political age when that
             | agreement was reneged, and it is speculated that this is
             | weighs heavily on his list of grievances with the US.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > This is a very well known agreement.
               | 
               | It's a very well known _non_ -agreement.
               | 
               | > James Baker agreeing to Gorbachev that NATO would
               | expand "not another inch" eastward
               | 
               | That's...not how binding international agreements are
               | formed.
        
               | cowwander wrote:
               | >That's...not how binding international agreements are
               | formed.
               | 
               | Thank you, this is exactly the point I arrived at as
               | well. It's an admission that the primary tool of the US
               | State Department is to make friendly, reasonable verbal
               | agreements in front of the press and public, then do the
               | dirty move they really wanted to do when the news cycle
               | has moved past. This maintains the appearance to the US
               | public that their foreign policy is always just, and
               | never cynical or deceitful.
        
               | justsomehnguy wrote:
               | US: says one thing and do the other one
               | 
               | EVERYONE: claps
               | 
               | RUSSIA: says one thing and do the other one
               | 
               | EVERYONE: gasps
        
               | darkarmani wrote:
               | Your false equivalence is around Russia INVADING a
               | country after saying it was just doing military
               | exercises.
        
               | cowwander wrote:
               | > can you please show me this agreement ?
               | 
               | It's up to you to get caught up on first principles
               | before diving into discourse. It's easily searched and
               | easily read about from mainstream and academic sources.
        
               | simplyaccont wrote:
               | a couple of people chit-chatting doesn't become a binding
               | agreement.
        
               | cowwander wrote:
        
               | dang wrote:
               | We've banned this account for breaking the HN guidelines.
               | Please don't create accounts to do that with.
               | 
               | If you don't want to be banned, you're welcome to email
               | hn@ycombinator.com and give us reason to believe that
               | you'll follow the rules in the future. They're here:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html.
        
               | simplyaccont wrote:
               | so far Russia is the one who is doing all the crying
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Please stop posting unsubstantive and/or flamebait
               | comments.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
               | simplyaccont wrote:
               | can you please show me this agreement ?
        
               | throwaway_4ever wrote:
               | The absolute hubris to declare this "first principles
               | level knowledge on the topic of Russia/Ukraine" and
               | telling people to catch up on it first and yet get it
               | clearly wrong making false statements. Gorbachev is
               | literally on record saying there was NOT an agreement.
               | You've barely made it past complete ignorance on this
               | history.
        
             | fsckboy wrote:
             | So much attention is paid to the hazy question of
             | technicalities of NATO membership, I think it's important
             | to note that Russia agreed to very specific terms with
             | respect to Ukraine and accepting it's borders and rights.
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapons_and_Ukraine
             | 
             |  _1. The Russian Federation, the UK and the US reaffirm
             | their commitment to Ukraine, in accordance with the
             | principles of the Final Act of the Conference on Security
             | and Cooperation in Europe,_ to respect the independence and
             | sovereignty and the existing borders of Ukraine
             | 
             |  _2. The Russian Federation, the UK and the US reaffirm
             | their obligation to refrain from the threat or use of force
             | against the territorial integrity or political independence
             | of Ukraine, and_ that none of their weapons will ever be
             | used against Ukraine except in self-defence _or otherwise
             | in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations._
             | 
             |  _3. The Russian Federation, the UK and the US reaffirm
             | their commitment to Ukraine, in accordance with the
             | principles of the Final Act of the Conference on Security
             | and Cooperation in Europe, to_ refrain from economic
             | coercion designed to subordinate to their own interest the
             | exercise by Ukraine of the rights inherent in its
             | sovereignty _and thus to secure advantages of any kind._
        
             | avgcorrection wrote:
             | https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/russia-
             | programs/2017...
        
           | saiya-jin wrote:
           | > More to the point, is it worth igniting a war over Ukraine?
           | Really?
           | 
           | That's a very good question for Putin, try asking it and
           | enjoy gulag or sudden inexplicable death/disappearance.
           | 
           | What the fuck gives one state (Russia) right to dictate what
           | sovereign countries do and don't do? I get this cold war
           | mentality, it was the heyday of Russia, moving pawns,
           | fighting wars, being global badass with some serious respect
           | unlike now, doing whatever they wanted. That's over for 30
           | years, and the only one to blame is Russians themselves, and
           | their fucked up mentality. But Putin would like some 21st
           | century version of the same.
           | 
           | In same way I hated US for the invasion of Iraq based on pure
           | lies, which were clearly lies to everybody I knew even when
           | Bush jr was presenting them in UN (remember the US senators'
           | cries about changing 'french fries' to 'freedom fries' when
           | France and Germany refused to support this bullshit? Look
           | where it led Iraq and surrounding countries. Not even going
           | into topic of Afghanistan).
           | 
           | I come from eastern Europe. We were invaded overnight by
           | russian (and V4, but mostly russian) troops in 1968 for the
           | great sin of wanting to live in freedom from communist terror
           | of previous decades. Just like Hungarians a decade before.
           | This ain't something to forget. Even if I wasn't alive back
           | then, my parents were and its very good to listen to elders
           | in such cases, they have good stories to tell, lessons to
           | learn. Hard earned lessons of oppressed lives which could
           | never reach their potentials.
        
             | glogla wrote:
             | Realistically, the Western Powers not giving shit and not
             | doing anything effective about both all the previous
             | Russian invasions and this one gives Russia the right.
             | 
             | And make no mistake, the West is quite fine with
             | sacrificing us (everything east of Germany) all rather than
             | doing anything effective.
        
         | kkoncevicius wrote:
         | This is also Chomsky's position from back when he was talking
         | about the Crimea crisis:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iq5IlDB-Ago
        
         | elzbardico wrote:
         | Exactly. That's the real reason behind all of this. Just like
         | the US didn't want soviet missiles in Cuba, the Russians don't
         | want American missiles in Ukraine.
        
           | ohwellish wrote:
           | real reason is in Ukraine becoming strong independent
           | democratic country which is a direct threat to kleptocratic
           | russian regime
           | 
           | still far from it, but this escalation indicates Ukraine is
           | one a right path
        
             | wazoox wrote:
        
           | avgcorrection wrote:
           | The example contemporary to that Cold War incident was
           | American missiles in Turkey, which is even more apropos.
        
           | darkarmani wrote:
           | What missiles were going to end up in Ukraine? In Cuba, there
           | was an actual plan in progress for missiles. This is just an
           | excuse to invade the Ukraine.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | > Putin is currently playing out the same game as he did in
         | 2008 in Georgia. Abkhazia and South Ossetia aren't formerly
         | part of Russia; their existence merely guarantee that Georgia
         | cannot be part of NATO.
         | 
         | They don't actually guarantee that, there is no formal bar to
         | admitting a country with active disputes to NATO; and even if
         | there were it would take agreement of exactly the same parties
         | as are required to admit a new member to either eliminate or
         | modify the formal requirement.
         | 
         | Also, the new regions aren't necessary for that if it was a bar
         | because of the occupation of Crimea since 2014.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | > They don't actually guarantee that, there is no formal bar
           | to admitting a country with active disputes to NATO
           | 
           | There's no formal bar, but it would be politically difficult.
           | (Because now you either need to ignore your newest member's
           | problems, or commit to a war that you didn't even want to
           | fight.)
           | 
           | The former significantly undermines confidence in the
           | organization, the latter... Ties it to actually fighting a
           | war (with all the nasty ways in which it can escalate), as
           | opposed to muttering about sanctions.
           | 
           | Out of the US, France, the UK, and Germany, which of those
           | four countries do you think want to fight a shooting war with
           | Russia?
           | 
           | At the moment, the answer is 'none of the above'.
           | Implementing sanctions is comparatively easy, though.
        
       | wrnr wrote:
       | I wonder what Putin will do next, he might annex Donetsk a third
       | time.
        
       | mdb31 wrote:
       | So, yes, political, but on the other hand a cool piece of tech?
       | 
       | I've not seen this kind of visualization of a developing
       | situation publicly available before, and a cursory glance shows
       | that the data sources are at least one level beyond 'naked
       | propaganda'...
       | 
       | Bookmarked!
        
         | m0llusk wrote:
         | Live maps like this of ethnic conflicts in Kenya made a huge
         | difference with the civil unrest there. This conflict is very
         | different, but being able to present evidence of what is
         | happening could have a great influence not just on the conflict
         | itself but all that comes afterward.
        
           | mdb31 wrote:
           | Oh, this definitely seems very useful.
           | 
           | But, the immediate reflex on HN is to downvote such tools
           | into oblivion. When I 'vouched' for this submission, it was
           | flagged, I assume for immediate deletion.
           | 
           | It's quite interesting that 'free speech' advocates are so,
           | eh, limited in what they actually consider to be such...
        
             | irthomasthomas wrote:
             | Yeah, I think this is the first Ukraine story that has
             | survived more than 30 minutes on the front page, so, well
             | done!
        
               | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
               | I think that the data part has probably helped to avoid
               | the flamewars (for some reason).
        
       | dandanua wrote:
       | Notice dashed lines on the map. Those are boundaries of regions.
       | Putin claimed "independence" of the whole area of 2 regions. It's
       | MUCH larger than currently controlled red area. It's all the way
       | up to north and also a significant area to west of the red zone.
        
         | throwawayay02 wrote:
         | I'm not sure what dashed lines are those. Are they the ones
         | that include Mariupol in the south of Donetsk? Thank you
        
           | dandanua wrote:
           | Yes, it is a part of Donetsk region. It's a city of around
           | 0.5 mil citizens. And a very strategic location. They wanted
           | to capture it in 2014, but failed.
        
       | antocv wrote:
       | Does anyone remember when Gitlab forbade employees from Russia?
       | How did that go, whats the current status now that issue?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | tokai wrote:
         | Most of those sanctions got lifted by Trump right?
        
           | golergka wrote:
           | Wrong. On the contrary, Trump administration imposed
           | additional sanctions that prevented Nord Stream 2 from being
           | complete -- which Biden administration have reversed.
           | 
           | Western media portrayed Trump as "pro-Putin", but if you look
           | at the actual decisions by administrations, he was the one
           | who really pushed back against Putin, compared both to Obama
           | and Biden.
        
             | nate_meurer wrote:
             | No, Trump was absolutely "pro-putin", and sanctions were
             | imposed in spite of his protests. The administration could
             | not help but be staffed by competent Russia hawks, since
             | those same folks were needed to push Trump's desired agenda
             | on Iran, but with regard to "being tough on Russia", Trump
             | himself often had to be dragged kicking and screaming.
             | 
             | https://www.wichitaliberty.org/united-states-
             | government/trum...
             | 
             | EDIT:
             | 
             | I should point out that the Trump administration's small
             | and ineffective sanctions aimed at Nord Stream 2 are the
             | exception that proves the rule. Nord Stream 2 brought
             | together a unique set of issues that inspired Trump: hatred
             | of Germany and Merkel, hatred of NATO, and his religious
             | love of fossil fuels, manfiested in fear that Nord Stream 2
             | would wipe out his dream of shipping natural gas to Europe
             | on tanker ships.
             | 
             | But the stubborn reality is that Nord Stream 2 was built on
             | Trump's watch, and in the end his sanctions did exactly
             | nothing. They threatened only a tiny fraction of the
             | uncompleted prohect-- a couple hundred kilometers-- which
             | were simply completed anyway by a Russian company instead
             | of a Swiss one.
        
               | golergka wrote:
               | What matters is the end result. And just as you showed
               | yourself, if american voter wanted to put pressure on
               | Putin, he should've voted for Trump (and his
               | administration) and not Biden.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ars wrote:
               | I'm having a hard time understanding your objection. From
               | the article "Trump touted these as major achievements",
               | but because he complained privately to his staff they
               | .... somehow don't count?
               | 
               | But because Biden something something something, when he
               | removed sanctions that somehow doesn't count either?
               | 
               | Since when do actions not speak louder than words?
               | 
               | (Not to mention these tell all Trump books are unlikely
               | to be reliable sources.)
        
               | nate_meurer wrote:
               | When did I say they don't count?
               | 
               | > _But because Biden something something something_
               | 
               | That something involved acknowledging that the pipeline
               | was mere months from being completed, and that the US
               | could do nothing to stop it, so why continue to waste
               | diplomatic capital in a fight that we've already lost.
               | Especially since that diplomatic capital may soon be
               | critical in persuading Germany to withhold certification
               | of the pipeline.
               | 
               | And if you have any specific criticisms related to the
               | accuracy of Bolton's claims, which align nicely with what
               | we know of Trump from his public statements, feel free to
               | explain.
        
               | laverya wrote:
               | In other words, Trump may have been pro-Russia but the
               | _Trump Administration_ was very tough-on-Russia.
               | 
               | As said by the grandparent.
        
               | nate_meurer wrote:
               | No, at pain of pedantry, the grandparent said this:
               | 
               | > _Western media portrayed Trump as "pro-Putin", but if
               | you look at the actual decisions by administrations, he
               | was the one who really pushed back against Putin,
               | compared both to Obama and Biden._
               | 
               | The lack of distinction between Trump and the rest of his
               | adminstration is exactly what Trump is now using to claim
               | that he was "tough on Russia".
        
               | mhh__ wrote:
               | Technically it says trump and then gives the admin as
               | evidence.
               | 
               | Given what I read in Michael Lewis's excellent book about
               | his administration I do not believe the two are anywhere
               | near as correlated as they would be for (say) Clinton and
               | the Clinton administration or Truman etc. Even bush who
               | was an edge case because of Cheney.
        
           | Synaesthesia wrote:
           | No and he actually imposed new sanctions while in office.
        
         | keewee7 wrote:
         | They only forbid Russian residents from having direct access to
         | production servers. That means sysadmin and devops roles.
         | Russians are employed in other positions.
        
           | lucb1e wrote:
           | Inserting a bug on purpose that makes it into production
           | seems very hard. This sounds aimed at making media/investors
           | happy.
        
         | kemitchell wrote:
         | I've never heard of this. Link?
        
       | igammarays wrote:
       | I'm in Ukraine right now, where I've been living for the past few
       | years (Canadian Citizen born and raised in Toronto). This is
       | completely overblown nonsense.
       | 
       | This "live map" makes it seem like there is some kind of war
       | starting. There's nothing of the sort. War started 8 years ago,
       | and this move by Putin last night actually ENDS the war
       | decisively.
       | 
       | The rebel-held regions which were backed by Russia have been in
       | constant conflict for 8 years. There's nothing new here on this
       | map. Putin's decision yesterday to make it officially Russian-
       | protected instead of shadow-backed actually de-escalates tensions
       | and finally ends the 8-year long conflict. Now that Donetsk and
       | Luhansk are officially Russian-backed, the Ukrainian army will no
       | longer attempt to keep recapturing it (confirmed by President
       | Zelensky today -- said we will not be fighting Russia head-on).
       | Therefore no more Ukrainian body bags, which is great news,
       | though not the ending we wanted.
        
         | martythemaniak wrote:
         | This is a really bad reading of the situation and you won't
         | have to wait very long to see why. Putin did not go through
         | this massive hoopla just to get a small strip of land.
         | 
         | Yesterday's moves were just the first step. Within a few days
         | they'll escalate by doing something like claiming the entire
         | regions, by staging a false flag, Triggering an insurrection
         | outside the regions etc. Once they have threatred their way
         | into making it look as if Ukraine is the aggressor, they'll
         | move in widely.
         | 
         | I don't know where he'll end up, but the ultimate objective is
         | the humiliation of the west and subjugation of Ukraine. What I
         | think you'll see is a wide areal campaign destroying most of
         | Ukraines military equipment, a take over of the entire black
         | sea coast making Ukraine landlocked. Finally there'll be a
         | "peace" treaty making Ukraine a substantially smaller
         | landlocked country, forcing them to demilitarize, pay tribute
         | etc.
        
           | sleepingadmin wrote:
           | >I don't know where he'll end up, but the ultimate objective
           | is the humiliation of the west and subjugation of Ukraine.
           | 
           | Biden has said this was coming, biden has said this is
           | complete invasion of ukraine. He's headed to kyiv.
        
           | igammarays wrote:
           | > Putin did not go through this massive hoopla just to get a
           | small strip of land.
           | 
           | He achieved his political objectives by just threatening
           | invasion, without actually invading. An actual full-scale
           | invasion is something nobody wants, least of all most
           | ordinary Russians who have relatives in Ukraine.
           | 
           | > you won't have to wait very long to see why
           | 
           | I'd bet you on it if you set me a date. Westerners have been
           | raising the alarm about a potential Russian invasion since
           | time immemorial.
        
             | martythemaniak wrote:
             | I'm down for a friendly or small sum bet. You'll see a
             | major escalation in about a week. Russians will be firing
             | missiles and artillery and dropping bombs in Ukraine proper
             | in March.
             | 
             | I certainly hope I lose.
        
           | betwixthewires wrote:
           | They already claim the entire oblasts.
           | 
           | This isn't about the humiliation of the west and the
           | subjugation of Ukraine, this is about national defense
           | strategy. The way the borders were set after the breakup of
           | the USSR were based on certain assumptions that don't hold
           | true today, and as a result Russia does not have a defensible
           | border. With these annexations, they do. Additionally, it's a
           | way to test what sort of response they'll get and prepare for
           | similar responses in the future.
        
             | yks wrote:
             | What kind of argument is that? Because the empire lost its
             | buffer colonies, it needs to re-acquire them again? Because
             | it feels "vulnerable"? Vulnerable against whom? Against the
             | countries the previous iteration of that empire sought to
             | destroy?
             | 
             | This "national defense strategy" is just a made up tale,
             | another episode of russian propaganda that keeps poisoning
             | generations after generations.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > What kind of argument is that? Because the empire lost
               | its buffer colonies, it needs to re-acquire them again?
               | 
               | It's how empires operate. It's not fair, but it is what
               | it is. For an example of how this turned out when the
               | shoe was on the other foot, look at Cuba. The world
               | nearly ended in '63, because the American empire needed a
               | 'buffer colony'.
               | 
               | It's been a lifetime since the revolution, communism as a
               | world ideology has been dead for a generation, but Cuba's
               | still paying for the consequences of flipping
               | allegiances. (The western world, sans the United States
               | has normalized relations with it a very long time ago -
               | so it's not an ongoing ideological problem...)
        
               | avgcorrection wrote:
               | It's a Realist position on the matter. Ukraine is a vital
               | security interest to Russia.
               | 
               | That's a descriptive opinion on the matter. Not a
               | normative one.
        
               | yks wrote:
               | Ukraine aligned with the West may be a security issue for
               | Russia only if Russia itself is not aligned with the West
               | which it absolutely does not have to be.
               | 
               | If Russia did not get an ex-KGB absolute monarch
               | traumatized by the fall of the Berlin wall, the country
               | could've joined NATO by now. Pretending that this
               | particular made up "national defense strategy" is the
               | only one possible, is just caving in to the Putin's
               | propaganda.
               | 
               | Even if Russia for some dumb reason chooses to be
               | perpetually against the West even after the fall of
               | communism, it does not mean that the West automatically
               | becomes interested in invading Russia either. Even in
               | this case the "national defense strategy" is just a
               | cover-up for the unprovoked aggression.
        
               | betwixthewires wrote:
               | Geostrategy is about more than just invasions. It's about
               | military assets, natural resources, artificial resources,
               | trade routes, cultural influence, the ability to attack
               | from and defend certain geography and plenty more I
               | didn't name. And it's more than Russia playing the game.
               | 
               | It's not a national defense strategy, it is a national
               | security one. They need to control the paths for gas
               | exports to Europe to maintain Europe's reliance on them
               | for heat in the winter. It makes them powerful.
               | 
               | If you look at national strategies for nations and
               | territories, even beyond the time the current state has
               | ruled, for every major or minor power throughout history,
               | you'll find similar strategies because the underlying
               | realities remain the same.
        
               | avgcorrection wrote:
               | Russia could not join Nato since Nato would then lose all
               | justification for existing.
        
               | yks wrote:
               | Goal of NATO is "to safeguard the freedom, common
               | heritage and civilisation of their peoples, founded on
               | the principles of democracy, individual liberty and the
               | rule of law. ... to promote stability and well-being in
               | the North Atlantic area." [1]
               | 
               | Russia joining NATO in good faith would change it for
               | sure but would not make it obsolete.
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/North_Atlantic_Treaty
        
               | avgcorrection wrote:
               | That's your argument? You googled and pasted in their
               | mission statement?
               | 
               | Who would that alliance be (ostensibly) protecting
               | themselves from? China? Taking that kind of stance (EDIT:
               | against China) would not be in Russia's interest.
        
               | betwixthewires wrote:
               | So they're doing it for the lulz?
               | 
               | No. Nations don't throw national resources away,
               | especially in modern times. If they're spending money,
               | their lives, political capital on this they're profiting
               | from it in some way.
               | 
               | Russia has to control the black sea and they have to
               | control territory all the way to the Dneiper river. If
               | Ukraine realigns to Europe and NATO they have to at a
               | minimum have control over that territory to have a
               | defensible position. This has been true since the days of
               | the Russian empire, and this is one of the historical
               | reasons for a Russian ethnic majority east of it.
        
             | darkarmani wrote:
             | > as a result Russia does not have a defensible border
             | 
             | So it should be easy for NATO to go on the offensive here
             | and teach Russia a lesson? If that isn't true, then why
             | would Russia need to invade a country to "make itself
             | safer"?
        
             | geoka9 wrote:
             | This is definitely about humiliation of the West and
             | subjugation of Ukraine.
             | 
             | Putin doesn't care about defensible border with China. In
             | fact they don't care about the Chinese ambitions in South
             | Siberia at all. And those ambitions are much clearer than
             | any idea that NATO or European countries might want to
             | invade Russia.
             | 
             | Putin's only worry is avoiding the fate of Sadam and
             | Qaddafi and for that, in his mind, he needs to keep waging
             | wars around Russia (and support struggling dictators all
             | over the world, but that's unrelated to this conflict).
        
               | yks wrote:
               | Exactly, if Putin really worried about protecting
               | borders, he'd never move most of his Asian army units to
               | the Ukrainian border, exposing huge vulnerability to the
               | powerful autocratic nuclear regime who actually kinda
               | wants these exposed lands.
               | 
               | The fact that he did it means that either he really
               | believes that NATO is scheming on invading Russia proper,
               | in which case he's just gone mad, or all this pseudo-
               | historical pretext is just a bunch of crap he feeds the
               | world to legitimize his personal quest for glory and give
               | his worldwide supporters ("useful idiots" as they call
               | them in KGB) a reason to let him off the hook for that.
        
               | betwixthewires wrote:
               | They don't care about a defensible border with China
               | because they are allied with China currently. If that
               | changes you'll start seeing militarization of that border
               | also.
        
             | giantrobot wrote:
             | > The way the borders were set after the breakup of the
             | USSR were based on certain assumptions that don't hold true
             | today, and as a result Russia does not have a defensible
             | border.
             | 
             | In the thirty years since the USSR dissolved no one has so
             | much as bothered Russia or even pretended like they wanted
             | to bother Russia. Most NATO members in Europe vastly
             | reduced their militaries and defense spending. Everyone was
             | content to just buy shit from them as business
             | relationships are far cheaper than invasions and
             | annexation. NATO only expanded east because of _Russia 's_
             | posturing about reclaiming former SSRs.
             | 
             | The _only_ people worried about  "defensible borders" are
             | old Soviet hardliners pining for some past glory that
             | didn't exist. They either see or pretend to see the specter
             | of foreign invasion because it whips of nationalistic
             | fervor. They use it to distract from their shit show
             | governance and to blame "the West" for every self-inflicted
             | problem they have.
             | 
             | The most baffling part is literally no one wants to invade
             | Russia. Outside of their propaganda machine no Westerner
             | has any interest in Russian territory. No one is super
             | excited to occupy Siberia or fish the "waters" of the Aral
             | Sea.
        
               | throwawayay02 wrote:
               | Besides what another commentator already said, I'd also
               | include China. Russia and China, despite the apparently
               | good relations right now, have actively disputed regions
               | that the Chinese believe were stolen from them on one of
               | the unequal treaties.
        
               | betwixthewires wrote:
               | The US has 6 border disputes with Canada ongoing. It is
               | the longest nonmilitarized border in the world.
               | 
               | Border disputes are par for the course when you're a
               | state managing a nation and territory. These disputes
               | come up when other concerns are dealt with. They're
               | bargaining chips. Right now China and Russia need each
               | other. Later maybe they fight over them or they resolve
               | them peacefully.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | _> Most NATO members in Europe vastly reduced their
               | militaries and defense spending_
               | 
               | Most _western_ members did. Eastern ones, meanwhile,
               | ramped it up very significantly. Which is the only reason
               | Western countries could get away with it, really - NATO
               | is supposed to feed the American defense industry.
               | 
               |  _> NATO only expanded east because of Russia 's
               | posturing_
               | 
               | More like because of the bordering countries clamoured
               | for protection, even when there was no threat whatsoever
               | (since the Russian military was in utter disarray). In a
               | way, they were right: the ones who didn't manage to
               | escape Moscow's orbit back then (Ukraine, Belarus, the
               | Caucasus stans...), are now enduring dictatorship or war.
               | In another way, they fuelled the Russian paranoia that
               | fed Putin's nationalism, eventually ensuring that the
               | doomsday scenarios did, in fact, materialize.
               | 
               |  _> The most baffling part is literally no one wants to
               | invade Russia._
               | 
               | It's not just about immediate military occupation.
               | Gazprom is an important piece of Putin's kleptocratic
               | powerbase, and Gazprom needs to be free of Ukrainian
               | control of their pipelines. If NordStream2 can't happen,
               | because the Germans have to obey their American lord-
               | protectors, then Putin must establish an alternative to
               | the South - which doesn't need to be entirely in Russian
               | hands, but rather in a position where Russian troops can
               | secure it in a matter of days if necessary. In my view
               | this is the real endgame.
               | 
               | This, obviously, on top of putting the strategic Crimean
               | ports in a safer position; because NATO might not want to
               | invade Russia, but Erdogan's Turkish troops are not shy
               | about "securing" stuff (any sanctions against them
               | carving up Syria? Not that I'm aware of...).
        
             | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
             | That's what I said about Crimea eight years ago.
        
         | Scarblac wrote:
         | Russia recognises the independence of the _whole_ Donbas and
         | Luhansk, not just the parts held by the rebels. And now they
         | 're going yo take them by force.
        
         | slezyr wrote:
         | Yea, that's a bullshit. Ukrainian-Ukrainian here. Russians now
         | claim that they will "protect" the entire Donetsk and Lugansk
         | regions and expand if needed to do so. People die right now
         | MORE than in previous "peaceful" times. They already fucking
         | shelled a kindergarten, school, and killed a civilian (was a
         | rarity before).
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | igammarays wrote:
           | The President of Ukraine and all official channels say they
           | do NOT believe a full-scale invasion will happen. Only
           | America says it will happen. We lost Donetsk and Luhansk a
           | long time ago. It's gone now. Hopefully this will end now.
        
             | tokai wrote:
             | >We lost Donetsk and Luhansk
             | 
             | Not all of it.
        
               | igammarays wrote:
               | I refer to the cities, not the whole oblast.
        
               | tokai wrote:
               | Well the republics of Donetsk and Luhansk, and Putin
               | refer to the whole oblasts, so it makes your analysis a
               | bit nonsensical.
        
               | trenchgun wrote:
               | Russia recognized those republics defined by the area in
               | their constitution: ie. whole oblasts.
               | 
               | https://twitter.com/JakeCordell/status/149616127985308467
               | 7
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > The President of Ukraine and all official channels say
             | they do NOT believe a full-scale invasion will happen.
             | 
             | This is part of Ukraine's lobbying effort for strong
             | preemptive, rather than reactive, sanctions against Russia;
             | Ukraine is arguing that Russia can be dissuade from
             | invasion by tougher pre-general-invasion action, and is
             | acting (whether they believe it or not) like they believe
             | that their lobbying effort to Western powers for this
             | approach will succeed in getting the desired policy which
             | will, in turn, dissuade Russia.
             | 
             | So far, whether or not they are right that it _would_ work,
             | they seem to be largely unsuccessful in lobbying, with the
             | US, especially, offering only limited sanctions for the
             | actions related to the separatist regions but holding back
             | the massive general sanctions threatened in case of a
             | broader invasion as a reactive contingency.
             | 
             | Ukraine's official channels are very clear that they view
             | decisive factor in Russia's decision making the strength of
             | immediate Western action.
             | 
             | Examples: https://twitter.com/DmytroKuleba/status/149592205
             | 6541753349?...
             | 
             | Viewing the Ukraine statements about not expecting a full-
             | scale invasion without this context is...misleading. They
             | are saying _if_ an invasion happens, it is because the West
             | failed to be resolute in the ways Ukraine expects them to,
             | not that Russia does not _intend_ to invade.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > So far, whether or not they are right that it would
               | work, they seem to be largely unsuccessful in lobbying,
               | with the US, especially, offering only limited sanctions
               | for the actions related to the separatist regions but
               | holding back the massive general sanctions threatened in
               | case of a broader invasion as a reactive contingency.
               | 
               | Well, a couple hours later and this part is outdated, as
               | the US has now announced the first set of general
               | sanctions on Russia and described existing Russian
               | actions as the beginning of the invasion that was always
               | described as the triggering condition for such sanctions.
        
               | igammarays wrote:
               | I think you're reading the sentiment backward. Of course
               | Ukraine wants stronger sanctions against Russia in any
               | case, because an invasion already happened, not because
               | they believe a full-scale invasion will happen.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | They _explicitly_ say (including in the tweet from the FM
               | that I cited) that strong action now is important because
               | Russia's _future_ action depends on what other countries
               | do now.
               | 
               | Yes, they think an invasion already is ongoing, but
               | that's _explicitly_ not the only factor in their call for
               | action. It is directly tied to impact on Russian
               | escalation.
        
             | emptysongglass wrote:
             | The oblasts are larger than the regions within Russian
             | territory. This is just a straight violation of the
             | sovereign territory of Ukraine. You do not, as a country,
             | get to unilaterally redraw internationally recognized
             | borders just because some people sympathetic to you or who
             | share a language live on the other side.
        
               | elzbardico wrote:
               | > You do not, as a country, get to unilaterally redraw
               | internationally recognized borders just because some
               | people sympathetic to you or who share a language live on
               | the other side.
               | 
               | History would show you otherwise.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | History would suggest that you can do anything you want
               | if you're willing to back it up with enough military
               | force.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | igammarays wrote:
               | I never said Putin had a right to do it, I'm saying he
               | already did it. Of course it was a totally illegal
               | invasion, but it's done now. What I'm saying is we
               | believe this is the end of the conflict. The official
               | position of the President of Ukraine is that we do not
               | believe a full scale invasion will happen, as do most
               | Ukrainians I know.
        
               | Sunspark wrote:
               | Once you pay the Dane-geld, you never get rid of the
               | Dane.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | Ukraine will never get rid of its continent-sized
               | neighbour, no matter what.
        
             | slezyr wrote:
             | Full-scale might not happen, but it absolutely does not
             | mean any kind of peace. There is no interest for russia to
             | stop daily shelling and keep capturing in small pieces.
             | Russia has zero interest to stabilize the situation they
             | walked away from all the agreements and negotiations.
        
               | igammarays wrote:
               | Brother, I believe it is in their interest to stabilize
               | the situation now that Donetsk and Luhansk are officially
               | protected by Russia. Previously the shelling continued
               | for 8 years because of the rebellion.
        
             | pqb wrote:
             | > The President of Ukraine and all official channels say
             | they do NOT believe a full-scale invasion will happen.
             | 
             | First, he is a politician. My rational explanation for his
             | words is to cooldown the emotions. Back in last week, you
             | could see news about many oligarchs departing the country,
             | while others trying to cash out every asset they have.
             | Standing enemies at the borders is economically tragic for
             | the whole country. Trying to sell other, non-catastrophic
             | vision is his duty.
             | 
             | Secondly, there were many variants of the invasion. The
             | full-scale operation often means the Russia forces will
             | attack the entire Ukraine - eastern, central and the
             | western. Many experts say this scenario is highly unlikely,
             | because there will be too many casualties on both sides.
        
           | the_mar wrote:
           | Ukrainian-American here. Depends on how you look at it.
           | Comparing Donetsk to Crimea for instance, Crimea is in much
           | better shape: no active war for the past 8 years. I second
           | the opinion that this isn't the ending that people wanted,
           | but hopefully it is the ending nonetheless.
           | 
           | For the record, I do not condone the annexation of Crimea,
           | but I also do not support giving it back to Ukraine, as it
           | just creates unnecessary tension at this point. I understand,
           | how globally we should not just be ok with countries taking
           | parts of other countries, but at the same time the reverse
           | transaction will bring more misery to people of crimea.
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | Makes for interesting strategies for a country wishing to
             | expand.
             | 
             | If you go in fast and settle the issue quickly, it's a fait
             | accompli and anyone seeking to "reverse the transaction" is
             | just bringing misery.
             | 
             | If you can't settle the issue quickly, support a local
             | insurgency until the international community stops paying
             | attention and then go in. Everybody will be grateful.
             | 
             | It's kind of how the Soviet Union and the west divided up
             | Europe after WWII.
        
           | sleepingadmin wrote:
           | I'm Canadian as well but I'm in Canada. I was led to believe
           | the biden warnings of imminent russia invasion were war
           | mongering and not true. Clearly not true anymore. Russia is
           | an aggressor.
           | 
           | From my point of view, it seems Canadians are team Russia
           | here, especially our prime minister.
        
             | harpersealtako wrote:
             | What led you to believe those things (the idea that the
             | Biden Administration's claims of an imminent invasion were
             | war mongering, and the idea that Canada has aligned itself
             | with Russia)?
        
               | sleepingadmin wrote:
               | >What led you to believe those things (the idea that the
               | Biden Administration's claims of an imminent invasion
               | were war mongering,
               | 
               | That's a great question, but I don't know if I know the
               | answer. Overall, the US as world police, Obama and his
               | nobel peace prize and 7 wars, and virtually entire
               | existence of the USA they have been at war. It's kind of
               | easy to see this point of view.
               | 
               | However, I would generally say our media was saying the
               | invasion wasn't imminent. Largely reporting the Ukraine
               | government denied any invasion was coming.
               | 
               | This I would say as well was the story across political
               | lines.
               | 
               | The only thing really covered was how Trudeau was being
               | actively excluded from diplomacy by Biden.
               | 
               | https://twitter.com/annmarie/status/1485652537105600516/p
               | hot...
               | 
               | Though not about Ukraine... our media covered how we got
               | excluded from the security alliance as well:
               | https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-
               | releases...
               | 
               | I dont think I ever read anyone in our media suggesting
               | Biden lost respect or trust in Trudeau but now in
               | hindsight...
               | 
               | https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/poroshenko-ukraine-
               | russia-c...
               | 
               | Ukraine is on the other side of the planet and they are
               | singling us out to ask for aid that we aren't giving?
               | 
               | >and the idea that Canada has aligned itself with
               | Russia)?
               | 
               | Well as I said, a week ago I didn't believe in this at
               | all. In my mind, it was a wackadoodle conspiracy theory.
               | 
               | Here's a 5 minute video from Jimmy Dore:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJdHF7J_ZZM
               | 
               | It is public knowledge that the liberal party are members
               | of the WEF. So is Putin. Both Putin and Trudeau have done
               | keynotes. They are publicly linked.
               | 
               | It's a whole different thing to say this is some evil
               | cabal or some diplomatic war-supporting effort. For all I
               | know Trudeau is a mole and we are still complete allies
               | to the USA, if not protectorate.
               | 
               | But frankly, I look at the last week. Russia invaded and
               | Canadians are under an unjustified national emergency
               | with the government seizing bank accounts with no due
               | process or redress. We do have political prisoners and
               | global celebrities from across the political spectrum are
               | calling out Trudeau as Hitler.
        
               | sleepingadmin wrote:
               | Might I add, I reallllllly hope this isn't what it looks
               | like.
        
             | nemo44x wrote:
             | Your PM just got a taste of authoritarian despotism so it
             | would make sense.
        
               | sleepingadmin wrote:
               | >Your PM just got a taste of authoritarian despotism so
               | it would make sense.
               | 
               | I'm going to show my left-wing bias but Bill Maher and
               | Jimmy Dore both called Trudeau Hitler. They are
               | objectively right, but what happened?
               | 
               | Canada had some ineffectual blockades, but at the time of
               | the emergency being invoked. Those were gone. So the
               | emergency was ONLY the protest in Ottawa.
               | 
               | The justification for the emergency is the military
               | occupation and they used the givesendgo hacked data to
               | analyze that around 50% of the raised money was from the
               | USA. The allegation is that the USA is somehow doing
               | this? This is absurd but why is Trudeau overreacting to
               | all this? What did he fear?
               | 
               | I think I might know why he fears the USA.
        
           | User23 wrote:
           | Like most Americans I have no real knowledge of the situation
           | in the Ukraine. What exactly is a Ukrainian-Ukrainian? What
           | other Ukrainians are there?
        
             | commandlinefan wrote:
             | > the situation in the Ukraine
             | 
             | Just FYI - like you, I grew up hearing it called "the
             | Ukraine" (like "The Philippines" or "The Netherlands") but
             | apparently that's changed and it's just "Ukraine" now.
        
             | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
             | The person they are replying to identified themselves as a
             | Canadian citizen living in Ukraine.
             | 
             | The person who described themselves as "Ukrainian-
             | Ukrainian" is implying that their own assessment of the
             | situation is likely to be more accurate since they are not
             | just an expatriate.
        
             | afterburner wrote:
             | Russian-Ukrainians. And there are many.
        
             | thriftwy wrote:
             | There are at least four kinds of Ukrainians. Russians with
             | Ukrainian citizenship (a lot of these in Crimea and L/DNR),
             | Russian-speaking Ukrainians, Ukrainian-speaking Ukrainians
             | and Western Ukrainians, who did not live in the Russian
             | Empire or Soviet Ukraine before 1944, and have Roman
             | Catholic-controlled faith based on Orthdox rituals.
             | 
             | The first three groups form a continuity and is not
             | perfectly correlated with loyalty to Ukrainian state.
             | 
             | Plus hungarians and some tatars.
             | 
             | Caveat emptor: I'm not from Ukraine.
        
               | ccozan wrote:
               | Romanians form with ~500K the third biggest minority in
               | Ukraine. Again, a situation where USSR conquered and draw
               | the map as it wished, since they live in teritory formely
               | belonging to interbellic Romania.
               | 
               | One fact which people forget: Ukraine decided to end
               | support to minorities, as such there is no longer
               | possible to study in native language. This type of
               | nationalism should not be supported at all. Ukraine is no
               | saint.
        
               | commandlinefan wrote:
               | I had a friend who I referred to as "my Russian friend".
               | When my uncle married a Russian woman, I showed her a
               | picture of my Russian friend from one of his kids
               | birthday parties, and she said, "I think he is from
               | Ukraine". I asked why she thought that and she said
               | because of the lettering of the sign in the background -
               | apparently they have a different (but similar enough to
               | my non-Russian reading eyes) alphabet, too.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | hourislate wrote:
         | >This "live map" makes it seem like there is some kind of war
         | starting. There's nothing of the sort. War started 8 years ago,
         | and this move by Putin last night actually ENDS the war
         | decisively.
         | 
         | What a lot of folks in the West don't realize is that Ukrainian
         | soldiers have been at war with Russian Mercenaries and Russian
         | Soldiers since 2014. It's been a slow burn war and every week
         | there have been Ukrainian KIA but it never made the news. We
         | can only hope that you are correct about the war being over but
         | I'm not so sure. My opinion is it will never be over as long as
         | Putin and his mafia are in power. There is just too much at
         | stake for them to hand over power to a new guard because of the
         | hundreds of billions they have stolen from the Russian people.
         | 
         | >The rebel-held regions which were backed by Russia have been
         | in constant conflict for 8 years.
         | 
         | I don't think anyone believed that the Separatists/Russians in
         | Ukraine were some home grown group. They were funded, supplied,
         | and reinforced with Russian Mercs and Army from the beginning,
         | it's just that the world didn't give a shit because there was
         | too much business going on between Europe and Russia.
         | 
         | I still don't believe the West is going to take this or any
         | future aggression seriously, strongly worded disappointments is
         | about all they can muster in the face of evil. NATO and the
         | West are toothless, America has no appetite to take on an enemy
         | like Russia or China and those countries know it. Even now any
         | reaction is just theater without any real consequences. What
         | this means for the future is that it sets a precedent, There
         | are millions of Russians seeded throughout Eastern Europe and
         | it leaves the door open to separatism. Taiwan is also fucked,
         | the Chinese will take it in a day and the USA won't do a single
         | thing. Just saying, always hoping I'm wrong.
        
           | zie wrote:
           | Because Taiwan has such a large export of stuff the USA
           | desperately wants/needs, I'm not sure you are right that the
           | USA will let China take Taiwan. See TSMC for one example :)
           | 
           | What does the USA need/want from Russia, other than for them
           | to stop being antagonistic against the USA? Nothing that I
           | can see.
        
             | mywittyname wrote:
             | Okay, so China promises no interruption in supply if
             | there's no American intervention.
        
               | saiya-jin wrote:
               | If Taiwan military blows up critical parts of fabs upon
               | invasion, China can promise whatever they want, its just
               | empty words. Also, as we can see here, promises mean less
               | than fart in the wind to states if its lucrative to break
               | them
        
           | toyg wrote:
           | _> America has no appetite to take on an enemy like Russia or
           | China_
           | 
           | We should remind ourselves that "taking on" such entities
           | might well mean the end of the human race.
           | 
           | In many ways, we got lucky that Hitler and Mussolini appeared
           | before the atomic bomb was invented. Since 1945, the world
           | effectively lost the option to "take on" certain countries,
           | even if they were to succumb to pure evil.
        
         | giantrobot wrote:
         | Dude Putin said today Russia recognizes the separatists'
         | _claimed_ borders of Donetsk and Luhansk which extend far
         | beyond the borders the separatists actually control. Which
         | means unless Ukraine decides to cede a shitload of territory to
         | Russi...I mean the totally grass roots and not at all Russian
         | run separatist governments, Russia will fight with Ukraine.
        
         | mcguire wrote:
         | " _The rebel-held regions which were backed by Russia have been
         | in constant conflict for 8 years. There 's nothing new here on
         | this map. Putin's decision yesterday to make it officially
         | Russian-protected instead of shadow-backed actually de-
         | escalates tensions and finally ends the 8-year long conflict._"
         | 
         | How so? Doesn't it just turn a pro-Russian insurgency into a
         | pro-Ukrainian insurgency? In other words, the "insurgents" and
         | the "legitimate local militias" just switch places.
         | 
         | " _Now that Donetsk and Luhansk are officially Russian-backed,
         | the Ukrainian army will no longer attempt to keep recapturing
         | it (confirmed by President Zelensky today -- said we will not
         | be fighting Russia head-on). Therefore no more Ukrainian body
         | bags, which is great news, though not the ending we wanted._ "
         | 
         | As long as Putin stops at the borders of Donetsk and Luhansk.
         | 
         | And, by the way, it's good there are no Ukrainians in Donetsk
         | and Luhansk.
        
           | throwawayay02 wrote:
           | It should be good news for everyone unless Russia makes a
           | full-scale invasion (which seem very unlikely), no? By
           | everyone I mean every average, civilian person. All of them
           | should want peace, no matter if their passport says Ukraine
           | or "X Republic of the Russian Federation".
        
         | swagasaurus-rex wrote:
         | Unconvincing. Why would Putin stop now?
        
           | igammarays wrote:
           | Why would Putin want to annex a country full of people who
           | hate him? Donetsk and Luhansk and Crimea had 70%+ ethnic
           | Russians with pro-Russia sentiment. Everywhere else in
           | Ukraine he is hated, there's no way he will want to expand
           | into territory that jeopardizes his own stability.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > Why would Putin want to annex a country full of people
             | who hate him?
             | 
             | Because distracting people with a project to restore the
             | greatness of Imperial Russia, repudiating the losses it
             | suffered at the hands of hostile foreign powers (and even
             | Soviet leaders--he's blamed, e.g., Lenin for "creating"
             | Ukraine from "Russian" territory and Stalin for giving
             | Ukraine control of additional "Russian" territory) is
             | Putin's central political strategy right now, and he's
             | already laid out the public case for why Ukraine ought to
             | be Russian on that basis.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | That's definitely a factor. Another factor is the refusal
               | to make NordStream2 operational. Gazprom must be free of
               | Ukrainian influence, and if it can't be North it will be
               | South - the spice must flow, and so does the gas.
        
             | slezyr wrote:
             | Why not? Nothing stops him.
        
             | swagasaurus-rex wrote:
             | Why wouldn't he?
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | Why would he feed another country? Crimea is a strategic
               | territory, LNR/DNR protect access to RF borders, and both
               | are home of ethnic Russians, but the rest? Only throwing
               | away good money.
               | 
               | In his strategic interest he would let the West to
               | continue throwing finances here.
        
               | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
               | Well, no, not really. It's plausible given his rhetoric
               | that he'd be interested in _all_ of Novorossiya.
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | He would need support of local population for that. And
               | if locals want it, why not? Right for self-determination,
               | after all. At least that was the excuse when
               | USSR/Yugoslavia/etc were broken down.
               | 
               | But it is not that simple; any such territory would be a
               | drain on Russian economy. For now, it is tactical
               | advantage to keep Europe and US to drain theirs here.
               | (One of reasons, why _opolchentsi_ stopped before
               | Mariupol few years ago).
        
               | geoka9 wrote:
               | > Crimea is a strategic territory, LNR/DNR protect access
               | to RF borders, and both are home of ethnic Russians, but
               | the rest?
               | 
               | Odessa is the biggest port in Ukraine. Controlling it
               | (and Mykolaiv) will make Ukraine a land-locked country,
               | in addition to providing Crimea with reliable access to
               | electricity, water and supply routes (in addition to
               | connecting Russia with Transnistria). These are only the
               | rational reasons, but Putin apparently has fears and
               | complexes that go beyond those.
        
               | BitwiseFool wrote:
               | Invading a country is easy, occupying it and annexing it
               | is extremely difficult. The only times it seems to be
               | viable is when the local population is already within
               | your cultural sphere, speaks your language, and is
               | ethnically similar. Putin certainly _could_ go on an
               | annexation spree but he would be stymied very quickly by
               | local resistance in places that aren 't 80%+ ethnically
               | and culturally Russian.
        
             | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
             | Why? I suppose you missed the speech he gave last night?
        
               | afterburner wrote:
               | Could be a diplomatic tactic, threaten greater
               | destruction so people are relieved when he takes less.
        
             | _ph_ wrote:
             | For the "why" you would ask him, but didn't he stress in
             | his speech yesterday, that he considers the whole Ukraine a
             | part of Russia? So yes, if the Russian troops do nothing
             | beyond settling the status, it might be good for the local
             | population. But what if not? Why would he need such a huge
             | army just to consolidate those regions, why army in the
             | Belarus? I guess we will see what happens (and I wished
             | things stopped where they are now).
        
             | pqb wrote:
             | For money, of course. Donetsk region is full of good
             | quality coal and benefits coming from controlling the Black
             | Sea are definitely very tempting.
             | 
             | > Why would Putin want to annex a country full of people
             | who hate him?
             | 
             | Please change your optics. People never matter in
             | Russia/Soviet Union. Even, if there will be 70-80% of
             | people who are dreadful opponents to "new goverment" then
             | what they would do? Take it to the street? Strike? Please
             | remind yourself how it looked in the Kazakhstan in early
             | January 2022 (you will get shot, just because you left your
             | home to buy some food) and in Belarus 2021 (mass protests,
             | thousands of people being thrown in jail for no reason,
             | very often beaten, many found dead there). Coup d'etat?
             | Poor joke, especially if we look at the latest events in
             | Africa (for example Mali), where armed Russia's Wagner
             | forces helped to take over the whole country.
             | 
             | Edit: As a person who lives in Central Europe, your
             | question made me sad, because it means western mass-media
             | is crap these days - they cannot explain a very silly thing
             | why this ongoing conflict for 8+ years takes place.
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | > As a person who lives in Central Europe, your question
               | made me sad,
               | 
               | Reading the GP's other comments they're either a "useful
               | idiot" (in KGB parlance) or a Russian-supporting
               | astroturfer. There has been a lot of coverage of Russia's
               | actions in Ukraine in "the West" for the past 8 years.
        
               | avgcorrection wrote:
               | This isn't a constructive comment. There isn't a point to
               | accusing people of being propagandists or <insert
               | nefarious Soviet intelligence term here> unless you have
               | proof.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | baybal2 wrote:
             | > Donetsk and Luhansk and Crimea had 70%+ ethnic Russians
             | with pro-Russia sentiment.
             | 
             | The absolute majority sans the single digit percentage of
             | ethnic Russians hate Russia with passion.
             | 
             | And I am not even talking about ethnic Russians within
             | Ukraine, but Russia itself.
             | 
             | Russian Far East very seriously wanted to seccede.
             | 
             | South Russians don't count themselves as the same ethnicity
             | as Russians living in the Moscow at all.
             | 
             | People in Urals, besides attempting at Urals Republic in
             | early nineties, are still very unhappy about Urals, and
             | Western Siberia being the poorest part of Russia, while
             | their resources allow Muscovites bathe in Champagne.
             | 
             | All other ethnic republics will secede in no time as well
             | if given the opportunity.
             | 
             | Russia will be the next Yugoslavia. This is what we
             | actually need to be talking about
             | 
             | Russia losing its oil/gas, or Putin getting assasinated, or
             | just any major crisis = Yugo with nukes, and a civil war 10
             | times worse.
        
             | marshray wrote:
             | Putin has repeatedly made clear his (weird) belief that
             | NATO will base hypersonic nuclear missiles in a free
             | Ukraine. Yesterday he claimed Ukraine will develop its own
             | nukes.
             | 
             | These claims would suggest that Putin will stop at nothing
             | short of total regime change in Kiev.
        
             | sysmet wrote:
             | Seems you are living in the Disneyland.
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | Unhappy populations can be dealt with sufficient
             | application of repression. Or, worst case scenario,
             | genocide--history has shown that the international
             | community is extremely reluctant to do anything about
             | genocide other than moralize after the fact about how wrong
             | it was. I mean, there's already precedent for Russian
             | genocide against Ukrainians...
        
               | celticninja wrote:
               | I think the bigger issue for Putin is his army and his
               | support. That will beging to fade if he goes into an area
               | that is not supportive and then Russian soldiers start
               | dying. It's all good 'capturing' territory without a loss
               | of life, but are the Russian people going to put up with
               | dead soldiers just for them to occupy Kyiv?
        
               | Mikeb85 wrote:
               | No one in the modern era has attempted to take a country
               | with a population that's 1/3 of the invading country. If
               | he incorporated Ukraine, that's 40 million angry
               | citizens. It would absolutely be the end of him
               | especially because most Russians see Ukrainians as
               | brothers.
               | 
               | He justifies Luhansk, Donbass and Crimea because of the
               | 2014 revolution and they fact they were always culturally
               | Russian.
               | 
               | Edit - I should also add that it's in Ukraine's interest
               | to simply let these regions go. Prior to 2014, Ukrainian
               | elections always flip-flopped between pro-Russian and
               | pro-Western factions... Now that most of the pro-Russian
               | support no longer votes in Ukrainian elections (due to
               | being part of Russian or breakaway), Ukrainian politics
               | are almost entire pro-Western.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | Most Russians very much don't see Ukrainians as brothers
               | after 2014. Russian propaganda works reasonably well.
               | 
               | As for angry citizens... for one thing, not all of those
               | citizens will be angry, especially in central Ukraine.
               | Not the majority, but enough to supply informants etc to
               | keep the rest in check.
               | 
               | But also, why do you say that no-one in the modern era
               | has attempted that? This exact thing happened during WW2
               | - or is that not sufficiently "modern"? And if not, then
               | what makes the difference?
        
               | Mikeb85 wrote:
               | > or is that not sufficiently "modern"
               | 
               | When I say modern I think in the internet age. When
               | everyone can communicate with everyone and information
               | can be shared quickly.
               | 
               | > Most Russians very much don't see Ukrainians as
               | brothers after 2014.
               | 
               | https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/02/16/we-are-one-
               | people-...
               | 
               | All the Russians I know view Ukrainians as brothers and
               | are against the idea of Slavs fighting Slavs. Anyhow I'm
               | not spending the time to find a comprehensive poll but
               | it's you believing the propaganda that a majority of
               | Russians actually want to fight Ukrainians.
               | 
               | > Russian propaganda works reasonably well.
               | 
               | Yeah right, I've never met a Russian that believes any
               | news, no matter the side lol. Ditto for Ukrainians.
               | Distrust in authority is basically a cornerstone of
               | Slavic culture...
        
               | saiya-jin wrote:
               | That's simply not true. Many Russians are swallowing
               | uncritically whatever Putin says. I've personally met on
               | my Elbrus expedition in cca 2016 quite a few in our team
               | (russian agency, I never go with western ones when
               | mountaineering), who seemed otherwise smart, but praised
               | him uncritically like some saint. I couldn't listen to it
               | whenever we switched otherwise normal topics to this.
               | 
               | Not everybody gets their news from internet. And those
               | young folks were from Moscow / St Peterburg and used
               | internet like everybody else.
               | 
               | > are against the idea of Slavs fighting Slavs
               | 
               | Bullshit, army men do what they are told. In 1968 Soviet,
               | mostly russian army invaded Czechoslovakia. Soldiers had
               | no qualms with shooting to ie teenage girls riding across
               | the street on their bicycle, harmless as one can be.
               | Hundreds of cases like this, nobody was armed or posed
               | any threat. Nobody was ever punished, there are tons of
               | memorials across whole country(ies).
               | 
               | There is a lot of wishful thinking in your statement, and
               | I hope its meant in optimistic way. I wish there was
               | really this fabled slavic friendliness since I am also
               | one of those, but I see it more a nice myth which works
               | mostly on language grounds, and falls apart as quickly as
               | problems arise, see ie Yugoslavia.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | I'm Russian myself, and my extended family is mostly in
               | Russia, so this is all speaking from very personal
               | experience.
        
               | Mikeb85 wrote:
               | So exactly what aspect of Russian propaganda do they
               | believe? Or is it because they don't believe US
               | propaganda?
               | 
               | Because US news (Canadian as well) is way different than
               | European news as well. Even Ukrainian news hasn't been as
               | fear-mongering as US news...
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | > No one in the modern era has attempted to take a
               | country with a population that's 1/3 of the invading
               | country.
               | 
               | Saudi Arabia invading Yemen. Syria invading Lebanon is I
               | think around the  1/3  mark. Iraq invading Iran--note
               | that Iran was the larger country then. All of these are
               | conflicts that were intended to induce suzerainty if not
               | outright conquest, and all of these are undeniably in
               | what you'd call the "modern era".
               | 
               | Although I'll note that "modern era" is usually given as
               | since about ~1789, which means we can throw in all of the
               | wonderful aggression conflicts that make up World War II,
               | such as Germany attempting to incorporate the populated
               | bits of the USSR into its own territory, after killing
               | off the current inhabitants of course.
               | 
               | > they fact they were always culturally Russian.
               | 
               | IIRC, he claims that Ukrainians are themselves no
               | different from Russians, which means this gives him casus
               | belli to incorporate _all of Ukraine_ on the same
               | grounds.
        
               | Mikeb85 wrote:
               | The Saudis aren't invading Yemen, they're just bombing
               | and destabilizing it. Last I checked Lebanon is also
               | still Lebanon, not Syria.
               | 
               | > IIRC, he claims that Ukrainians are themselves no
               | different from Russians
               | 
               | Saying something and believing it are two different
               | things. Also, it depends what you mean by 'no different'.
               | Ethnically they're almost identical. Culturally close.
               | But there is a bit of a difference, mainly that much of
               | "Ukrainian" identity comes from regions that had been
               | been invaded by both Poland-Lithuania and Austria-Hungary
               | and spread to the rest of the country since independence.
               | 
               | Anyhow, not even the Ukrainian President thinks Russia
               | will invade all Ukraine...
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | > The Saudis aren't invading Yemen, they're just bombing
               | and destabilizing it. Last I checked Lebanon is also
               | still Lebanon, not Syria.
               | 
               | The word you said was "attempted" which includes failed
               | attempts as well as successful. There have been no
               | _successful_ attempts post-WW2 that I can think of, but
               | that doesn 't mean there haven't been any _unsuccessful_
               | attempts.
               | 
               | > Ethnically they're almost identical. Culturally close.
               | 
               | You can say the same thing about the US and Canada. Yet
               | Canada successfully resisted both US invasion attempts,
               | and even today, you would likely get a pretty vehement
               | response if you suggested that the US and Canada ought to
               | be part of the same country.
        
               | Mikeb85 wrote:
               | >you would likely get a pretty vehement response if you
               | suggested that the US and Canada ought to be part of the
               | same country
               | 
               | I live in Alberta... That statement is definitely not
               | true lol.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | In an abstract sense, sure. But once they start putting
               | the nuts on the bolts, they are going to get cold feet.
               | The USA is vastly different from Canada is many tangible
               | ways. It's not the conservative utopia people think it
               | is.
               | 
               | Plus, given the political issues involved with
               | integration of the two countries, I suspect serious
               | concessions would need to be made by Canada.
        
               | Mikeb85 wrote:
               | > It's not the conservative utopia people think it is.
               | 
               | And Canada's not the liberal paradise people think. We're
               | leaving, personally.
               | 
               | The quality of life here is pretty shit - think LA or
               | Seattle cost of living (SF if you're in Vancouver or
               | Toronto) with Nebraska wages (actually that would be
               | generous)...
        
           | betwixthewires wrote:
           | Because this isn't Risk. They don't care about capturing all
           | territory within a state's borders, they care about a
           | defensible border position. It's strategic.
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | How does moving the border 100 or 150 km west make it more
             | defensible?
        
               | betwixthewires wrote:
               | The same reason the Himalayas are the border between
               | China and India, the swiss and Italians border in the
               | alps, the US and mexico border along the Rio Grande, and
               | the Arab countries have foggy borders. It's the reason
               | you see ethnic groups bounded by geographic artifacts.
               | You want a natural barrier as a defense. You expand or
               | contract to an easier to defend position. You'll note
               | nations with artificial borders such as latitude lines
               | are at peace with one another, and ones that aren't, such
               | as several African nations who's borders were decided by
               | the French and English are in constant strife and flux.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | It depends on the geography, of course.
               | 
               | Tbh, I bet the Russian generals would dearly like to
               | reach the Dnieper.
        
       | Scarblac wrote:
       | This live map started 8 years ago and has been updating all the
       | time since, showing all daily incidents that never stopped
       | happening. It also followed ISIS wars in Iraq and Syria and so
       | on.
        
         | journey_16162 wrote:
         | Yes, I found it on HN search, it was submitted in 2014. I was
         | surprised that the exact url still works and shows recent data.
        
       | axiosgunnar wrote:
        
         | wffurr wrote:
         | I'm not even sure who you're replying to. Looking at the other
         | comments plus the front-page ranking, seems as if there's
         | plenty of interest in this map on HN.
        
         | femiagbabiaka wrote:
        
       | forinti wrote:
       | Transnistria shouldn't be marked as it is a disputed part of
       | Moldova, not of Ukraine.
        
         | int_19h wrote:
         | It's marked because, as a de facto Russian-controlled
         | territory, it is likely to be used as a bridgehead if Russia
         | decides to occupy the entirety of Ukraine.
        
       | can16358p wrote:
       | I think the server is down, can't access, what did it look like
       | when it was up?
       | 
       | (Edit: okay it's definitely up. It was my extremely democratic
       | country blocking the access. Accessed throung VPN now)
        
       | mrenum wrote:
       | This makes me wounder how far we are from having real time high
       | resolution satellite coverage of events like this. Some of the
       | events reported in liveuamap are already based on high res sat
       | images to identity military camps and troop movement.
        
         | mrenum wrote:
         | If anyone is interested, seems like SentinelHub offers a tool
         | called EO Browser that is able to explore multiple high
         | resolution sat image for free, those images seem to be pretty
         | update.
        
           | m2fkxy wrote:
           | Most of SentinelHub's open access data comes from Sentinel-1
           | (radar) and 2 (optical) satellites constellations, which
           | offer a 6-days or shorter revisit time over nearly any point
           | on Earth (for S-1, this is currently longer, as one of the
           | two S-1 sats making up the constellation is out of order).
           | 
           | This is not quite high resolution data however - in the 10 to
           | 20 meters per pixel range, i.e. medium resolution. Sentinels
           | are not reconnaissance satellites, but are rather tasked for
           | mapping and collecting large amounts of data globally, for
           | which the main use cases do not necessarily need high
           | resolution imagery (agricultural monitoring, deforestation,
           | natural catastrophes...).
           | 
           | Reconnaissance satellites have much finer ground resolution
           | (sub-meter per pixel, down to a couple dozen centimeters...
           | from what is publicly available), and some constellations
           | feature daily revisit cycles.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | >as one of the two S-1 sats making up the constellation is
             | out of order
             | 
             | I'm having a really hard time calling 2 dots in the sky a
             | constellation. Does 1+ satellites equate to a constellation
             | in satellite owner/operator parlance?
        
               | contravariant wrote:
               | The mathematician in me thinks it should be fine to have
               | 1 and 0 satellite constellations as well.
        
               | arwineap wrote:
               | A fleet is simply more than one ship traveling together,
               | so it seems to translate fine
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | In everyday parlance would you say "look at those ships"
               | or "look at that fleet"?
               | 
               | That's all I'm trying to say. I didn't say the term was
               | incorrect. I'm just stating that I have a hard time using
               | the term as it just sounds pompous.
        
               | m2fkxy wrote:
               | The IAU cites Wood L., 2003 who defines a satellite
               | constellation as "a number of similar satellites, of a
               | similar type and function, designed to be in similar,
               | complementary, orbits for a shared purpose, under shared
               | control" [1]. So, Sentinel-1 is a two-satellite
               | constellation, yes.
               | 
               | [1]:
               | 
               | https://www.iau.org/public/themes/satellite-
               | constellations/,
               | 
               | https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-0431
               | -3_...
        
               | jazzyjackson wrote:
               | The constellation Canis Minor is made up of just two
               | stars, so it's true at least in astronomic parlance :)
        
               | justsomehnguy wrote:
               | > I'm having a really hard time calling 2 dots in the sky
               | a constellation. Does 1+ satellites equate to a
               | constellation in satellite owner/operator parlance?
               | 
               | I'm having a really hard time calling 2 servers in the DC
               | a cluster. Does 1+ servers equate to a cluster in server
               | owner/operator parlance?
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | I don't know. Does it? You clearly have the answers.
        
               | justsomehnguy wrote:
               | > The most common size for an HA cluster is a two-node
               | cluster, since that is the minimum required to provide
               | redundancy, but many clusters consist of many more,
               | sometimes dozens of nodes.
               | 
               | You clearly don't have an access to a search engine.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-
               | availability_cluster#Node...
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Why would I look up something someone else replied with
               | in snark, or something I don't really care about?
        
         | 7952 wrote:
         | Most places are cloudy most of the time.
        
           | m2fkxy wrote:
           | That's where imaging radar (SAR most specifically) comes in
           | handy, as it is able to image through clouds in most
           | circumstances. Image intepretation isn't as straight forward
           | as with optical imaging though.
        
       | mike_k wrote:
       | I wonder, what is the current state of satellite technology
       | available to military? Can they stream near real-time hi-res
       | images that would "prove" that one side or the other is
       | effectively responsible for a certain escalation?
       | 
       | An (non-existent) international institution to analyze and take
       | action is the other part of the puzzle.
        
         | aerostable_slug wrote:
         | Imagery satellites fly at a low altitude and effectively cannot
         | "hover" over a site in the same way a drone can.
         | 
         | That said, one can correlate the passes of imagery satellites
         | (optical, radar) with other spaceborne RF sensors, and sensors
         | on airplanes & drones (optical, radar, RF etc.), and data from
         | implanted sensors on the ground, to construct a real-time view
         | of the battlespace.
         | 
         | The Full Monty of these capabilities, especially data fusion
         | from disparate platforms, would never be released to the world.
         | 
         | Fun fact: US overhead systems (NRO satellites) are sometimes
         | quietly used to aid search & rescue activities. A friend of
         | mine, a USAF E-9 who had been read into many compartments
         | during his career, used to do this with the Coast Guard after
         | he retired from the Air Force. Pretty cool stuff.
        
           | xxpor wrote:
           | The operators of most of those satellites for the US, which I
           | find most people haven't actually heard of:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Geospatial-
           | Intelligen...
           | 
           | Like you mentioned, they do use their capabilities for some
           | things other than just GEOINT:
           | 
           | >In addition to using GEOINT for U.S. military and
           | intelligence efforts, NGA provides assistance during natural
           | and man-made disasters, aids in security planning for major
           | events such as the Olympic Games,[9] disseminates maritime
           | safety information,[10] and gathers data on climate
           | change.[11]
        
             | m2fkxy wrote:
             | The NRO would be actually the operator. NGA takes care of
             | exploiting the data
        
       | chippy wrote:
       | Couple of other maps:
       | 
       | NYT:
       | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/world/europe/ukrain...
       | 
       | Centre For Information Resilience:
       | https://maphub.net/Cen4infoRes/russian-ukraine-monitor
       | 
       | from: https://googlemapsmania.blogspot.com/2022/02/the-russian-
       | inv...
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | _Centre For Information
         | Resilience:https://maphub.net/Cen4infoRes/russian-ukraine-
         | monitor_
         | 
         | This one seems much better than the original link. Probably the
         | best "live" map I've seen so far.
        
           | l5ymep wrote:
           | Impressive how responsive this map is.
        
       | osynavets wrote:
       | Thanks everyone for support If you want somehow to support
       | Ukraine, please join savelife.in.ua patreon, which is a volunteer
       | rehabilitation services done for Ukrainian soldiers Again thanks
       | everyone for everything
        
         | ohwellish wrote:
         | that would be https://www.patreon.com/savelife_in_ua
         | 
         | (Ukrainian IT community already raised around $100k in a last
         | few days)
        
           | 3pt14159 wrote:
           | How do I know that this money is going to where they say it
           | is going? I'm happy to support it at the top level, I just
           | want to make sure I'm not accidentally funnelling money into
           | Russia's disinformation campaign.
        
             | osynavets wrote:
             | Savelife service continuously publishes financial reports
             | for all their activity. You can find that on their website.
             | (We know that it's not user-friendly especially for English
             | speaking users, updates will be soon). For example, this
             | one is an income and expenses report for 2021-2022 years
             | [1].
             | 
             | [1] - https://onedrive.live.com/view.aspx?resid=B0264747CBB
             | 7E393!1...
        
             | capableweb wrote:
             | Indeed, some external validation would be great, from
             | Patreon or any other organization.
             | 
             | The membership levels are also.. Disturbing? If I select
             | "Projectile" membership (with a picture of a grenade
             | missile or something) it says "You started saving lives!".
             | All memberships are munition for weapons ("Bullet",
             | "Projectile", "Bomb" and "Missile"), not exactly something
             | you associate with "Saving lives".
             | 
             | Seems to be run by Come Back Alive Foundation
             | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Come_Back_Alive) but I can't
             | actually verify that they link to the Patreon from their
             | website (https://savelife.in.ua) as it seems to be offline
             | right now.
             | 
             | Not to say it's sketchy to use Patreon for something of
             | that importance, since Patreon has a reputation of pulling
             | funding for organizations by now.
        
             | ohwellish wrote:
             | (sorry for delay, my account is for reads and I hit the
             | limit of replays in HN, had to wait)
             | 
             | back in 2014 when sht hit the fan and Ukrainian army was
             | very weak, ppl made it back strong with everything they
             | could, donating money equipment and food, there was alot of
             | volunteer organizations back then and these ones was one of
             | the most well know, still operating to this day
             | 
             | tbh Idk how to reassure you they are true but here's their
             | fb page with 3mln+ followers
             | https://www.facebook.com/backandalive/
             | 
             | and here's the link of that IT community thing I've
             | mentioned before https://dou.ua/forums/topic/36494/
             | 
             | hopefully those will provide some validation for you
        
         | mushbino wrote:
         | Is it assistant for the Azov battalion?
        
       | Hard_Space wrote:
       | A nice idea, but not crazy about the mushroom cloud icon.
        
         | gs17 wrote:
         | However, I appreciate their optimism in assuming the site would
         | still be up in the event they need to use the actual nuclear
         | symbol.
        
         | singularity2001 wrote:
         | Is it appropriate to flag the link for that same reason?
        
         | irthomasthomas wrote:
         | They actually posted a video on their twitter of a mushroom
         | cloud somewhere last week, then deleted it. I followed them for
         | a long time, but recently they have gone full conspiracy-
         | theorist. They frequently post videos, photos, or rumors with
         | no source, and when you ask them the source they just say "you
         | should trust us". These aren't UN observers, they are quite
         | extreme and scaremongering on their twitter.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _not crazy about the mushroom cloud icon_
         | 
         | Ironic, given Ukraine wouldn't be in this situation had it not
         | given up its nuclear weapons on the back of promises--from the
         | U.K., U.S. and Russia--that its territory would be respected
         | [1].
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budapest_Memorandum_on_Securit...
        
           | croes wrote:
           | I don't think Russia would've accepted a country nearby with
           | nuclear weapons.
           | 
           | It would have become the russian version of the Cuban Missile
           | Crisis.
        
           | throw3838 wrote:
           | Not really. Maidan would never happen if Ukraine had nukes.
        
           | rmason wrote:
           | U.S. President Bill Clinton signed the agreement to protect
           | Ukraine from a Russian invasion in exchange for it's nuclear
           | weapons. However the agreement was never submitted it for
           | ratification by the U.S. Senate. So in effect in the words of
           | the Brooking institution it became a 'politically binding but
           | not legally binding agreement.'
        
             | kingcharles wrote:
             | LOL. Most treaties the US signs are politically "binding"
             | but have no effect because there is no underlying statute
             | created to enforce them.
             | 
             | tl;dr: treaties are PR shams
        
               | eftychis wrote:
               | The tl;dr is not true however. There is binding
               | international law affecting certain treaties, and some
               | kind of treaties and parties do expect ratification from
               | each signatories' internal legislative body. (e.g.
               | totally random example
               | https://www.jta.org/archive/french-senate-ratifies-
               | lausanne-...)
               | 
               | Your body is correct though: Now why the US follows a
               | counter-pattern and why Ukraine did not ask for
               | ratification is another discussion, that I consider to be
               | long term harmful.
               | 
               | From the Ukraine's side/pov: it will be politically not
               | wise for the U.S.A. to back out of the protection treaty.
               | There is good will capital that is lost, just for
               | allowing this 8 year situation to occur.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | The 1994 Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances was
             | specifically a _memorandum_ , not a _treaty_. It was never
             | intended to be submitted to the US Senate for ratification.
        
           | kwantam wrote:
           | In what sense were they Ukraine's nuclear weapons? They were
           | physically inside Ukraine but controlled by Russia, as the
           | article you linked makes clear.
        
             | dogma1138 wrote:
             | Ukraine also probably had half the engineers and scientists
             | that built the damn things in the first place considering
             | how much of the Soviet nuclear industry was located in
             | Ukraine at the time.
             | 
             | They ended up with the 3rd largest nuclear stockpile and
             | whilst they would probably would get invaded by both sides
             | if they didn't surrender the nukes and attempted to assert
             | operational control over them they surely had that
             | capability.
             | 
             | Also back then the primary fear was that some of those
             | nukes would end up on the open market, Iran, Iraq,
             | Pakistan, Libya, North Korea heck even South Africa back
             | then were all likely buyers.
        
               | markvdb wrote:
               | South Africa had its own nuclear weapons. [0]
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa_and_weapon
               | s_of_ma...
        
               | jessriedel wrote:
               | Those were simple gun-type pure fission weapons (~6
               | kiloton), which are two orders of magnitude smaller than
               | the typical thermonuclear weapons (~1 megaton) left by
               | the USSR in Ukraine.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | They were the Soviet Union's nukes. That organization
             | ceased to exist.
             | 
             | The section of the Soviet military controlling those nukes
             | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/43rd_Rocket_Army) became a
             | part of the Ukranian military. Why wouldn't their
             | equipment?
        
               | trenchgun wrote:
               | Ukraine never had the control of those nukes.
               | 
               | "Until then, Ukraine had the world's third-largest
               | nuclear weapons stockpile, of which Ukraine had physical,
               | but not operational, control. Russia alone controlled the
               | codes needed to operate. Their use was dependent on
               | Russian-controlled electronic Permissive Action Links and
               | the Russian command and control system" https://en.wikipe
               | dia.org/wiki/Budapest_Memorandum_on_Securit...
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Russia alone controlled the codes needed to operate_
               | 
               | If Ukraine had held on to those nukes, disconnected, an
               | engineer today could re-work them to function under
               | Kiev's command. (American PALs from the era have de-
               | classified weaknesses that merited upgrades. Post-USSR
               | nuclear safekeeping was roundly criticised for decades
               | [1].)
               | 
               | Even barring that, possessing fissile material is no
               | small feat. It would give Kiev the credible capability to
               | _e.g._ threaten large sections of Russian agricultural
               | production. That's the sort of thing that deters tanks.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/Papers/SE-11.pdf
        
               | morelisp wrote:
        
               | baybal2 wrote:
               | > "Until then, Ukraine had the world's third-largest
               | nuclear weapons stockpile, of which Ukraine had physical,
               | but not operational, control. Russia alone controlled the
               | codes needed to operate. Their use was dependent on
               | Russian-controlled electronic Permissive Action Links and
               | the Russian command and control system"
               | 
               | I don't know where they got it, the book author cited in
               | Wiki. The man cited read too much Tom Clancy I guess.
               | 
               | USSR nuclear weapons had no permissive action links as
               | such
               | 
               | Kazakhstan's, and Ukrainian's nukes were fully
               | operational, sans confused nuclear weapons officer
               | command chain.
               | 
               | The launch codes were employed, but they were used solely
               | for checking the authenticity of launch, and targetting
               | commands.
        
               | jessriedel wrote:
               | > They were the Soviet Union's nukes. That organization
               | ceased to exist.
               | 
               | I agree with some of what you say, but "the Soviet Union
               | ceased to exist" is too simplistic. The codes necessary
               | for firing the weapons (without modification) were
               | controlled by military leaders largely in Russia.
        
               | zx85wes wrote:
               | The former states of the USSR agreed that Russia was the
               | continuator state of the USSR. https://en.wikipedia.org/w
               | iki/Succession_of_states#Soviet_Un... The "the Soviet
               | Union ceased to exist" argument was also used to
               | circumvent the agreement not to expand NATO towards the
               | east. https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/document/16117-document-0
               | 6-record-...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _the agreement not to expand NATO towards the east_
               | 
               | This is a myth. There was a discussion in the midst of a
               | negotiation that mentioned this. The final agreement, the
               | Budapest Memorandum, which everyone is presently
               | violating, did not.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | There were multiple assurances made throughout the years
               | in diplomatic comminques that were later declassified
               | including James Baker's famous "not one inch eastward".
               | 
               | https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/russia-
               | programs/2017...
               | 
               | It just didnt appear in any treaty.
               | 
               | For the Soviet Union I think the notion that diplomatic
               | assurances were meaningless unless backed by a treaty
               | wasnt considered.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Most people recognize Russia to be _the_ successor state
               | to the Soviet Union, much like how they recognize that
               | the Fifth French Republic is the successor state to the
               | Fourth French Republic.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | I'd be more inclined to see the CIS as the successor.
               | 
               | The Fifth French Republic may be the successor to the
               | Fourth, but that doesn't mean Algeria is still French.
        
               | mprovost wrote:
               | Was the code 00000000?
               | 
               | https://foreignpolicy.com/2014/01/21/air-force-swears-
               | our-nu...
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _In what sense were they Ukraine 's nuclear weapons? They
             | were physically inside Ukraine but controlled by Russia, as
             | the article you linked makes clear_
             | 
             | Possession is nine-tenths of the law [1].
             | 
             | Soviet weapons in Ukraine serviced by Russia when the
             | Soviet Union dissolved had no clear owner. Russia would
             | have had to seize them to gain control. Ukraine would have
             | needed to develop or contract out servicing expertise.
             | 
             | To say nothing of the threat even inoperable nukes pose. If
             | Ukraine had unserviced warheads in 2014, do you really
             | think they would have found nobody who could get them
             | working again?
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possession_is_nine-
             | tenths_of_t...
        
             | jessriedel wrote:
             | They were Ukraine's in the sense that they had physical
             | possession and unlimited time to circumvent the locks
             | ("permissive action link", PAL). It's true the PALs may
             | have been very non-trivial to circumvent (e.g., some PALs
             | require a code to decrypt firing parameters), but I haven't
             | seen anyone argue that this wasn't still _vastly_ easier
             | than developing weapons from scratch. Ukraine had
             | substantial nuclear weapons expertise; it was not just a
             | physical hosting site of the weapons.
        
               | moritonal wrote:
               | Just gonna point out that trying to hack a Nuke would be
               | very high on that list of "NOPE" jobs I have in my head.
               | 
               | Either you brick a nuke in which case your boss bricks
               | you, or the nuke bricks you and your local region.
        
               | laverya wrote:
               | Or the nuke does an intentional fizzle (sets off the
               | implosion in an intentionally asymmetric manner resulting
               | in plutonium being spread all over, but no nuclear
               | criticality) which seems like the most serious-but-still-
               | plausible "fuck you for trying this" mechanism I can
               | think of.
        
               | Accujack wrote:
               | A fizzle is just a nuclear weapon that doesn't reach its
               | design potential yield, which isn't the same thing as no
               | nuclear criticality.
               | 
               | A 5 MT hydrogen bomb that "only" yields 750 kt of
               | explosive power is a fizzle, but you don't want to be
               | anywhere near when it happens.
        
               | laverya wrote:
               | Yeah, fizzle was a bad choice of word. I'm not sure what
               | you'd call an intentionally subcritical detonation,
               | though.
        
               | arethuza wrote:
               | Pick nukes from a country that doesn't use PALs - like
               | the UK.
               | 
               | Edit: Physically getting hold of a UK nuke might be a bit
               | tricky....
        
               | kadoban wrote:
               | How much of nukes is even hardware vs software? I'd
               | naively think that you'd probably just rip out the core
               | of the device and wire up a new thing that can zap it to
               | go boom.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | The timing of the explosives around the core is extremely
               | important to actually getting a nuclear detonation
               | instead of just a dirty bomb so the precise timing and
               | triggering of the detonators is a very critical part of
               | the bomb. They're not just simple fuses you can light and
               | run away.
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | Nuclear bombs are strongly disinclined to "go boom"
               | unlike say TNT. Turning the energy from splitting atoms
               | into a large explosion, which is what you want from a
               | weapon, will require precise timing. If you get it wrong
               | either nothing happens, or you maybe create a small
               | detonation, and cover a modestly sized area with
               | dangerous debris from the failed attempt. Just throw a
               | box of grenades into a waste water treatment plant or
               | something instead for a fraction of the cost.
        
               | kadoban wrote:
               | Isn't getting the timing right just "zap all the bits at
               | the same time" ?
               | 
               | Are these still basically a soccer ball of explosives
               | encircling a core of subcritical nuclear material that
               | "just" needs to be compressed?
               | 
               | I think all of my knowledge of nukes might be based on ht
               | tps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Manhattan_Project_(film
               | ) xD
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | For reference, there have been a number (dozens, at
               | least) of nuclear devices dropped accidentally all over
               | the world (some of which landed in the USA), but none
               | have ever accidentally detonated.
               | 
               | This was a plot device in the popular Fallout games.
               | Where a city had built up around a nuclear bomb which
               | failed to detonate during a nuclear war.
        
               | Accujack wrote:
               | You can, but it's not as simple as it sounds. Since the
               | timing of the explosives is critical to achieving a
               | nuclear explosion, you can't really do the timing all in
               | software. You need a specialized network of switches that
               | splits the detonation signal several times so that all
               | the explosives go off at exactly the same time. Even the
               | wires have to be cut to the same length with a tiny
               | margin of error.
               | 
               | You can replace the timing and electronics mechanism
               | prior to that network, but probably any sort of tamper
               | resistant mechanism for a weapon will remove part of that
               | network of switches if removed from the device. The rest
               | of the controls are just too easy to replace to be
               | effective at keeping someone from a roll your own type
               | solution.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | I think about nuclear physics and high performance
               | aerospace as the distinction between hardware and
               | software shrinking to zero.
               | 
               | You're effecting physical operations (movement,
               | explosions) on such tight timescales that the software
               | becomes part of the hardware. You can't just run the code
               | on a different setup: the code is defined by the hardware
               | it's running on, because it's orchestrating the physical
               | properties of the hardware it's running on.
               | 
               | As an analogy, think about programming early video game
               | systems or computers, where a single clock cycle was
               | critical. Is the software just software? Or is it
               | intertwined with the hardware it's running on? (See:
               | emulators having to mimic actual hardware performance)
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | They're not movie bombs where doing something wrong sets
               | them off. PALs were very much the fail safe kind of
               | device because if messing with them could set off the
               | warhead then you've just discovered the way to detonate
               | the warhead which a PAL was designed to prevent from
               | happening. Nukes are also relatively safe in that it
               | requires a very carefully timed sequence of explosion to
               | properly implode the core so an accidental triggering is
               | just a dirty bomb instead of a nuclear detonation.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | Honestly, the biggest risk in failure is that the missile
               | gets launched, but the payload is a dud. So now, your
               | country gets the punishment for launching a nuke, but
               | none of the benefits.
        
               | Accujack wrote:
               | It depends on what level the detonation was triggered at.
               | An accidental detonation that actually triggers the
               | primary device detonation mechanism could result in the
               | bomb actually going off.
               | 
               | If an accidental detonation means just triggering some of
               | the explosives, then yes, you'd get a dirty bomb.
               | However, it's actually more likely that the bomb would
               | actually detonate than the explosives being partially set
               | off... they're designed specifically to be hard to
               | detonate unless the actual detonator mechanism is used.
        
               | bregma wrote:
               | > just a dirty bomb
               | 
               | You'd be just as dead.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | Mostly if you're not smart enough to work remotely in
               | which case you're probably not the person to be trying to
               | bypass a PAL in the first place. And again they're not
               | designed to trigger the bomb incorrectly if messed with
               | because the whole point is to make them unusable unless
               | you have the PAL code.
        
               | aerostable_slug wrote:
               | One might easily imagine an energetic disabling event
               | that doesn't result in nuclear yield. Just fire one
               | detonator.
               | 
               | That said, Command Disable mechanisms on modern weapons
               | don't result in a loud bang. However, there's no
               | guarantee those mechanisms are all that are used in
               | mechanisms which may deter physical penetration of vital
               | areas of the weapon.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | It is hard to guess because politics is complicated and
               | it is a hypothetical, but I'd be surprised if they really
               | had unlimited time to circumvent the locks. If they
               | hadn't given them up peacefully, for all we know somebody
               | might have decided to take them by force.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | At the time, Russia couldn't even quickly deal with
               | Chechnya by force.
        
               | stjohnswarts wrote:
               | Other people have thought that "At the time, Russia
               | couldn't even..." and regretted it.
        
               | tomatotomato37 wrote:
               | If soviet russia's PAL locks were built anything like
               | US's security measures where it's actually subtle timing
               | information they would have to rip out and completely
               | rebuild the explosive shell that trigger the nuclear
               | reaction, at which point you essentially are creating new
               | nukes from scratch.
        
               | jessriedel wrote:
               | 1. It's not obvious to me you can't reverse-engineer the
               | necessary timing information, _especially_ when you have
               | a bunch of nuclear weapons experts and a huge stockpile
               | allowing you to take apart a few and use that knowledge
               | on the rest. To my knowledge, the PAL system was intended
               | to prevent weapons from being detonated by rouge officers
               | or thieves; it wasn 't designed to thwart states.
               | 
               | 2. Even if all the conventional explosions are worthless,
               | you still have all the nuclear material and other
               | extremely sophisticated equipment involved with boosting,
               | etc. It's not like creating new nukes from scratch.
               | 
               | I think for this conversation to continue productively,
               | we need experts to weigh in on these issues.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | mikecoles wrote:
       | Buffalo, NY, US made the map. Has anyone seen the inner workings
       | of the site? Is it pulling keywords from feeds and then
       | geolocating the incident?
       | 
       | https://liveuamap.com/en/2022/22-february-22222buffalo-fd-wo...
        
         | capableweb wrote:
         | It's all manually sourced and manually geolocated.
        
       | egberts1 wrote:
       | Every pins that I have touched on the map pops up it's balloon
       | that says the same thing "84 ceasefire violations, 2 servicemen
       | killed."
       | 
       | mmmmm
        
         | slater wrote:
         | Looks like that's a compilation of many smaller skirmishes that
         | happened most recently
        
       | shrubble wrote:
       | Does anyone know which areas of Ukraine have the large proven
       | reserves of Lithium, the element needed for EV battery
       | production? I know that the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts have or
       | are near to large coal deposits.
        
         | ohwellish wrote:
         | update: better link with a map, Lithium are those light green
         | circles https://i.imgur.com/6JU7YS5.jpeg
        
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