[HN Gopher] Apple's Mistake (2009)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Apple's Mistake (2009)
        
       Author : keleftheriou
       Score  : 169 points
       Date   : 2022-02-21 16:47 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.paulgraham.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.paulgraham.com)
        
       | tharne wrote:
       | > An organization that wins by exercising power starts to lose
       | the ability to win by doing better work.
       | 
       | Yup. That's more or less what's happening or Oracle right now.
       | They'll profitability soldier on for a while due to the massive
       | amount of legacy servers running Oracle databases at companies
       | all over the world. But, every $BIG_CORP out there has on their
       | roadmap a long-term plan to either drastically reduce their spend
       | on Oracle products, or more often, eliminate it entirely.
        
         | yardie wrote:
         | > every $BIG_CORP out there has on their roadmap a long-term
         | plan to either drastically reduce their spend on Oracle
         | products, or more often, eliminate it entirely.
         | 
         | You can believe this if you want. But $BIGCORP does not have
         | the same license agreements that you and I see _. There is a
         | lot of momentum to stay on Oracle and companies have had
         | decades to migrate away. Some have, most haven 't and I think
         | not much is going to change in the next decade.
         | 
         | [_] I'm literally telling a coworker we can't do what she wants
         | to do with a Oracle DB server because the license doesn't allow
         | it. Then I get an email from a VP that states we have a special
         | license that does specifically allow it. I'm left wondering how
         | many other companies have special licenses.
        
           | 300bps wrote:
           | I agree that every large corporation that uses Oracle
           | software has a unique license with Oracle.
           | 
           | And every one I've heard of considers Oracle a predatory
           | vendor and they want to stop using them.
           | 
           | They do things like charging you per CPU to run Java and even
           | though you only run it on four CPUs you theoretically could
           | run it on your entire VMWare cluster so they charge you for
           | 10,000 CPUs. Which is ridiculous so they'll give you a unique
           | license for their software and they'll bundle it all together
           | so it isn't a la carte anymore so even if you stop using 40%
           | of their software you pay the same amount.
           | 
           | Oracle's business model seems to me to be to extract every
           | nickel from their customers until they can figure out how to
           | stop using their software. It's why there are dozens of open
           | source Java distributions now and it's why things like
           | MariaDB exist.
        
             | usefulcat wrote:
             | > And every one I've heard of considers Oracle a predatory
             | vendor and they want to stop using them.
             | 
             | Ok, but talk is cheap. If you want to know what people
             | actually want, ignore what they say and pay attention to
             | what they do. Oracle's revenue and net income have been
             | pretty steady for at least the past 5 years. Unless they've
             | found some major new revenue stream, it certainly doesn't
             | look like their customers are leaving in droves.
        
         | abraae wrote:
         | > But, every $BIG_CORP out there has on their roadmap a long-
         | term plan to either drastically reduce their spend on Oracle
         | products, or more often, eliminate it entirely.
         | 
         | Hyperbole much? I guarantee there are plenty of companies doing
         | giant transaction rates happily and stably on their big Oracle.
         | 
         | And plenty of ERP customers who are resigned to staying on
         | their Oracle platform for the foreseeable future, even if only
         | because the competitors are just as greedy shark as Oracle.
        
           | tharne wrote:
           | It really isn't hyperbole. Ask 10 random CTO's about Oracle,
           | and the majority will tell you they're looking for offramps.
           | It's not just a matter of Oracle being greedy, it's that they
           | are also bullying and difficult to work with. And their
           | licensing rules are one of the circles of hell.
        
             | cptaj wrote:
             | Saying that and actually putting in the effort to do it are
             | monumentally different things in some orgs
        
             | rconti wrote:
             | And that has been true for 15 years.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | The alternatives have been getting better and better.
               | With free software, you can just _use an older version_
               | if it 's better; with Oracle, the latest version is what
               | gets supported, so it can get worse.
        
             | jmull wrote:
             | I mean, I'm sure our CTO would tell you they are looking
             | for an offramp.
             | 
             | From time to time we start an initiative to do so (i.e.,
             | when there is a new set of executives at a certain level).
             | 
             | However, as the awareness of the actual scope and cost of
             | migrating away becomes clear, the effort is dropped. It's
             | technically possible, but also risky and no one wants to
             | practically pause other development while it occurs --
             | which makes sense since that would probably be fatal.
        
               | virgilp wrote:
               | And you know what tends to happen?
               | 
               | Something comes along, that makes it feasible. It might
               | be something surprising. And then, all of the sudden,
               | there's no way to respond - because Oracle the company is
               | so entrenched in the business model of profiting from
               | locked-in customers, that they can't develop a novel
               | response to a novel threat.
        
         | krnlpnc wrote:
         | Unfortunately I think this is a naive take, because it's
         | focused on technical superiority. That's only part of the
         | story.
         | 
         | Companies partner with massive vendors like Oracle and jump
         | through their hoops to remain in support contracts because it
         | enables them to defer some liability and satisfy various
         | regulatory checklists.
         | 
         | Think about a database instability scenario for an online
         | retailer, and consider if you'd rather be the CTO who is to
         | blame for self-hosting, or the CTO who can defer blame onward
         | to the vendor. It's an unfortunate reality in many "enterprise"
         | environments.
        
           | jamesrr39 wrote:
           | sure, there are companies that stay on Oracle, and Oracle the
           | company isn't going away any time soon. But other companies
           | that were on Oracle have moved/are moving away to other
           | enterprise-palatable services (e.g. AWS), and new companies
           | rarely pick Oracle.
           | 
           | Self-hosting is certainly not the only choice nowadays, there
           | are many other companies offering managed databases/other
           | cloud products.
        
           | LeifCarrotson wrote:
           | The interesting thing is that it's not a financial question
           | of blame for the CTO, it's a reputation problem.
           | 
           | It's unlikely that even Oracle would pay to make someone
           | whole after a data loss incident. But the reality is that the
           | ability to blame Oracle or another black-box product from
           | some vendor instead of your in-house instance of some open-
           | source project (that no one outside of engineering has heard
           | of) has real career-altering value to stakeholders. Maybe
           | unjustified, but the effect exists nonetheless.
        
         | boldBS00 wrote:
        
         | gumby wrote:
         | > every $BIG_CORP out there has on their roadmap a long-term
         | plan to either drastically reduce their spend on Oracle
         | products, or more often, eliminate it entirely.
         | 
         | Oh, I hope you're right, but am dubious. The F500 (and G500) is
         | wedded to legacy systems, for good reasons, a marriage that
         | even extends to new deployments.
        
           | techdragon wrote:
           | Look, it can be right but sometimes the "long term plan" is
           | on the order of a decade or two. "Let's replace everything"
           | doesn't happen in a hurry, so it can take a LONG time to
           | shift. I've seen projects that are 5 years into approximately
           | 10 year transitions off MongoDB and MySQL in favour of
           | PostgreSQL because everyone is realistic about the available
           | development time to completely reimplement the core product
           | while continuing to build new product features to maintain
           | customer growth and remain fiscally solvent.
        
         | mohaine wrote:
         | This has been Oracle's business model forever. The price you
         | pay (off base price that is) is based off off the price they
         | estimate you can pay and what it would cost to migrate off to
         | something else.
         | 
         | Also, they purchase 3rd party applications at a regular basic
         | to make sure new customers/hostages are always coming in the
         | front door.
        
         | MisterBastahrd wrote:
         | You say that, but Oracle hasn't changed in any substantive way
         | in the last 30 years in this regard and they're still insanely
         | profitable. Oracle has the funds to capture key parts of the
         | enterprise ecosystem, so if a new one pops up to replace the
         | Oracle branded product, Oracle will just buy it if Microsoft
         | doesn't first.
        
       | renewiltord wrote:
       | Interesting. Ben Thompson's Aggregation Theory is more predictive
       | of Apple's domination of mobile applications than this. Perhaps
       | this is just porn for developers because it makes us feel
       | powerful. The truth, though, is that the developers go where the
       | demand goes.
        
       | collaborative wrote:
       | Apple gets lots of hate but one thing that's rarely mentioned is
       | how the Play Store prevents you from monetizing a successful app.
       | They do this by making it impossible to turn a free app into a
       | paid app
       | 
       | A normal app goes through these stages: 1- Free. If it's good, it
       | will receive good reviews, which will make it more popular 2-
       | Paid
       | 
       | The first stage is an investment on the part of the developer. He
       | invests his time and effort. But many developers only find out
       | that it's impossible to move to (2) once it's too late (reviews
       | can't be ported to new apps)
        
       | thenthenthen wrote:
       | I dunno, getting you app approved on the (jailbreak) cydia store,
       | via like big boss back in the days was equally hard as the
       | official appstore. This both frustrated and satisfied me; actual
       | people reviewing the work and giving cryptic feedback haha.
       | Is/was(?) the bigboss process inherited from the apple appstore?
        
       | daviddever23box wrote:
       | File along with Michael Dell's "shareholder value" remark.
        
       | mlang23 wrote:
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | Sorry. I should have known better than to try to participate in
       | this thread. My apologies.
       | 
       | Carry on.
        
         | smithza wrote:
         | So China develops an Olympics app for the athletes and tells
         | them they have to have it on their iPhones, yet with only
         | cursory reviews third-party security analysts found it has
         | malware baked inside. This is a high-profile app, something
         | that some high-up in the review process probably was assigned,
         | and they gave it the OK? Can you help me understand the "rules"
         | that you have come to cozy yourself into?
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | Can you help me to understand why the nasty? I wasn't telling
           | anyone else what to do; simply relating my own experience.
           | 
           | Ah...the heck with it. I should have known better than to
           | stick my oar in here. I'm nuking the comment.
        
             | smithza wrote:
             | Fair critique, I don't mean anything personal. I was just
             | so peeved about Apple's friendliness to China's communism
             | that I haven't cooled down yet. I am far outside the field
             | of discussion and am only looking in. My question actual
             | question is earnest: I don't understand the "rules" that
             | Apple decides to follow in the context of China.
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | I strongly suspect that they have caved, and are actively
               | cooperating with the Chinese authorities. It's a really
               | big market, and they luvs their munny. I have no
               | intentions of developing apps for distribution in China.
               | 
               | I'm not happy, too.
               | 
               | I deleted a paragraph in this response about a
               | conversation I had -just this morning- with a friend that
               | owns a fairly substantial company, that does a lot of its
               | manufacturing in China.
               | 
               | I won't go into it, but China has their own "rules," and
               | they have the muscle to enforce them.
        
       | josephwegner wrote:
       | Sidebar: am I seeing this wrong, or is PG's website really
       | showing a bad SSL cert? Looks like it is serving some cert for
       | Yahoo domains?
       | 
       | It also isn't auto-upgrading to HTTPS, which is a smaller issue,
       | but just kind of surprising for someone with PG's tech stature.
        
       | whakim wrote:
       | I get it, in 2009 smartphones weren't devices that everyone
       | owned. But I still find the myopic obsession with "techie"
       | approval as a harbinger of success pretty narrow-minded. People
       | didn't like the iPhone in 2009 because programmers liked it;
       | people liked it because it felt like (and was) a revolutionary
       | product!
       | 
       | > They're so attracted to the iPhone that they can't leave. But
       | they're looking for a way out.
       | 
       | I know hindsight is 20/20 and all, but there's a much broader
       | point that could have been made here about "what happens in a
       | world in which entire software distribution chains are at the
       | mercy of one or two megacorps?" Now _that_ would have been a
       | remarkably prescient gripe, and a much more accurate guess at the
       | "mistake" Apple was making (if you can call the current backlash
       | a "mistake"?)
        
       | MattGaiser wrote:
       | Developers really don't have a lot of leverage in anything we do,
       | as much as we like to think so.
       | 
       | Many of us work in such a way that we get summoned every morning
       | at 9 to line up and answer "what did you do yesterday that
       | justified 10% of your paycheck and what will you do today that
       | justifies 10% of your paycheck?
       | 
       | Turnover among executives is considered a crisis. Turnover among
       | developers amounts to whining about our disloyalty and companies
       | screaming at the government to increase immigration.
       | 
       | We are a commodity. A valuable one and hard to obtain one to be
       | sure, but that is it.
       | 
       | Apple understood that and won and developers primarily build for
       | Apple now.
        
       | pornel wrote:
       | The part about lost goodwill sounds very true. I used to love
       | Cocoa, and did my best to write quality apps for it, despite
       | Mac's small market share.
       | 
       | But App Store ham-fisted rules made me distrust and resent Apple.
       | I've stopped using Apple-only languages and frameworks as much as
       | I could, and as a user I'm looking to leave the platform entirely
       | (which unfortunately after a over a decade of using, I'm locked
       | into and resent that too).
        
       | mikenew wrote:
       | So I built a very basic prototype app to explore an idea I had
       | using Flutter (imagine something like a time boxing system where
       | you track how frequently you get distracted). Spent a couple days
       | roughing it out, and then I was able to load it onto my own
       | Android device to start testing. Literally just plugged in my
       | device to my PC, confirm the prompt on the phone, and then
       | `flutter run -d <device_id>`. I also wanted to send it to my
       | brother (who has an iPhone) so he could start playing with it
       | too.
       | 
       | So I had to pay Apple $100 to open a developer account. Then sign
       | a bunch of contracts. Then register an app ID and generate
       | certificates. Then bundle the app and submit it to
       | appstoreconnect. Then wait for a bunch of automated checks to
       | pass and tell me that the app ID is missing entitlements. Then
       | figure out what that even means, attempt to fix the entitlements,
       | and run through the submission again. Then set up testing groups
       | and invite my brother to test the app. Then I have to "submit"
       | the app for approval _for testing_. And a couple days later
       | finally get approval from Apple so that I can start testing it.
       | And that 's the short version; there were a bunch of nonsensical
       | Xcode quirks to deal with.
       | 
       | For context, I've been an iOS developer for a decade, and it
       | _still_ took me the better part of a weekend to get through it
       | all, even though I know exactly what to expect. And this is so
       | _one fucking person can try an app for me_.
       | 
       | I hate Apple. I don't know how else to put it. I don't think
       | they're evil, I just think they don't give a shit about their
       | developers. Did you know their bug tracker is private? I'll find
       | some weird behavior with, let's say UITableView or something, and
       | spend all day trying to figure out what subtle thing I'm doing
       | wrong using their comically poor documentation. And then
       | somewhere buried in Stack Overflow I'll find someone saying "oh
       | yeah that's a bug in the framework, I submitted a radar 2 years
       | ago". So there's some bug _that they know about_ , and I'm not
       | even allowed to see that. It feels hostile on their part, and it
       | makes me feel hostile on my part. I think Paul Graham was right.
        
         | collaborative wrote:
         | Just wait until you have to manually type "what's new" in each
         | release in each different language your app supports that
         | perhaps adds an invisible fix the user couldn't care less to
         | know about. Oh, and appstoreconnect is designed to prevent you
         | from automating this. This huge time waster is what really
         | makes my blood boil when I think of Apple
        
           | reayn wrote:
           | Not to be the devil's advocate here but... that seems fine to
           | me? Lots of more technical people complain about terrible
           | changelog entries (I've seen quite a few posts on HN about it
           | too iirc), so I guess no matter what Apple does in this case
           | they'll be a target; just that kind of situation.
           | 
           | Maybe it could be a per-project toggle whether having a
           | "what's new" section is necessary (though on second thought
           | toggling that off might become the new norm leading back to
           | the good old useless changelogs).
        
       | dudeinjapan wrote:
       | I don't think Paul realizes how much it doesn't matter that Apple
       | realizes how much it matters that it's broken. Or rather, that it
       | doesn't matter that it's broken.
        
         | stephc_int13 wrote:
         | I believe you are wrong, and Paul is right, but early.
         | 
         | It take times, years and sometimes decades, but developer love
         | is critically important for a platform.
         | 
         | Not matter how broken the App Store was at launch, it was much
         | better than anything that was available at the time, smartphone
         | business was really messy and completely unfair for devs.
        
           | tw600040 wrote:
           | Being right and early is sometimes indistinguishable from
           | being wrong..
        
             | stephc_int13 wrote:
             | If you are betting on stock yes it might. But if you are
             | talking long term, it can at least be discussed.
        
       | bombcar wrote:
       | If you can make something really nice for developers to use, they
       | _may_ use it - if there are some users to sell to (or, it 's
       | orthogonal to the released product).
       | 
       | This is partially why Electon has spread so far I think -
       | developers _like_ working on Macs (because it 's basically "linux
       | with a nice gui" for all practical purposes) meaning that if
       | Microsoft wants developers to use VSCode - and not get used to
       | non-Microsoft products - they need to get to where the developers
       | are.
       | 
       | But in those case the devs are the users.
       | 
       | A beautiful SDK won't save you, I've heard stores about how good
       | the BeOS API was, or how wonderful development for various other
       | failed devices/technologies was.
       | 
       | But if you're trying to keep a dying platform alive, you _need_
       | to reduce friction, and making a good SDK is a way. And Macs were
       | dying for many years ...
        
         | notreallyserio wrote:
         | I'm convinced that the UI and more importantly the touchpad is
         | what really drives continued interest in MBPs as developer
         | laptops. If another vendor makes a solid touchpad Apple might
         | suffer a bit. I've yet to find one that comes close.
        
           | treis wrote:
           | I feel like I am in bizzaro world with Macs. People say they
           | have good UX but my experience has been different. When I
           | started work today one of my external monitors was missing. A
           | few unplugs/plugs fixed that. Then I was in launchpad and
           | accidentally tried to add an app to whatever that home screen
           | is called. Somehow that caused the icon to get stuck and show
           | on top of all applications. I had to kill the dock to get it
           | to go away. And twice my dock has migrated to a different
           | monitor and I've had to go into settings to move it back.
           | 
           | Admittedly, it seems like my laptop has a case of the Mondays
           | because it's an unusually bad day. But none of that happens
           | with Linux on my desktop.
           | 
           | Also, with the M1 chips Docker is excruciatingly slow and
           | having to resort to Rosetta is an unattractive alternative.
           | 
           | Personally, I don't get why Linux isn't the standard. But
           | then basically every tech company out there is Mac first or
           | Mac only so realistically I'm probably the problem.
        
           | fpoling wrote:
           | A touchpad on the latest ThinkPad X1 from Lenovo is much
           | improved. While it still does not match Apple, a better
           | keyboard more then offsets it.
           | 
           | What is puzzling is the screen. Lenovo does not have high DPI
           | mate screens and their non-mate screens are way more
           | reflective compared to Apple offerings. Why cannot they order
           | screens from the same vendor as Apple?
        
             | akvadrako wrote:
             | Matte screens are just a coating -- you can get the same
             | effect buying an after market film.
        
               | fpoling wrote:
               | It is not the same. I have used one 5 years ago on Dell
               | XPS 13. It still reflected more then on ThinkPad X1. And
               | the whole experience was worse then on MacBook Pro.
        
               | akvadrako wrote:
               | It is. Look here:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matte_display
               | 
               |  _> Matte displays feature a light-scattering
               | antireflection layer_
               | 
               | You can turn any glossy screen into a matte one, but not
               | the other way around.
        
       | musesum wrote:
       | > Now a lot of programmers have started to see Apple as evil.
       | 
       | Well, not until 2016 when Apple began to offer ads in the
       | AppStore -- as though that was a good thing for indy developers.
       | 
       | And a couple years later, when Spotify keeps getting pushed down
       | the list:
       | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/09/09/technology/ap...
       | 
       | This is why we're going to develop for Spotify's API first.
        
       | singularity2001 wrote:
       | >>> Programmers don't use launch-fast-and-iterate out of
       | laziness. They use it because it yields the best results. By
       | obstructing that process, Apple is making them do bad work, and
       | programmers hate that as much as Apple would.
       | 
       | Other than the despotic caprice that one occasionally encounters,
       | this is indeed the biggest reason why I hate Apple's App Store so
       | much.
        
         | kotrunga wrote:
         | I'm a developer, but just to play devil's advocate... think
         | about the end user. Having a review process (though, Apple can
         | improve theirs, see below) helps protect the end user.
         | Programmers, companies, etc. can't just repeatedly push updates
         | non-stop, starting with half-baked apps, iterating too quickly.
         | How do you have a check process that ensures an app is up to
         | standard and "safe"? In addition, the time cost to release adds
         | value to a release, hopefully helping it be more thought out,
         | bringing more value to the user.
         | 
         | Again though... I think the point is that Apple could have a
         | better review process that A) values the developer more and B)
         | shouldn't take as long. I agree with that.
        
       | senko wrote:
       | As @Apocryphon comments in a subthread, there's a commodification
       | of app developers.
       | 
       | With iOS, Apple has crossed the threshold of who needs who. Now
       | app developers need Apple way more than Apple needs them.
       | 
       | In many cases, one app to do thing X is mostly as good as another
       | app for the same X. There's no bargaining power to be had unless
       | you're a huge name.
       | 
       | As a developer, you're not leaving the App Store unless you're
       | leaving mobile app development entirely. It'd be commercial
       | suicide (for most) to do that.
        
         | BackBlast wrote:
         | This remains true for the moment. But discontent among
         | developers are cracks in the foundation. The building can
         | weather that for a time because it's mighty and huge. But those
         | cracks are the beginning of the eventual end. If not cared for,
         | will hasten its demise.
        
           | senko wrote:
           | Maybe.
           | 
           | The level of control both Google and Apple have in their
           | mobile OS' (only Safari engine being allowed on iOS is an
           | example) makes it much harder for something else entirely to
           | grow outside their ecosystem and them slam them from the left
           | flank, like the web did to MS' dominance.
           | 
           | I'm not entering into the debate whether such technical
           | restrictions are have good (and benign) reasons, but they
           | absolutely keep the control much tighter than it used to be
           | the case on the desktop in Windows heyday.
        
         | TameAntelope wrote:
         | Nah, you can build a PWA that more or less acts entirely like a
         | mobile app and get out of the app store game entirely.
        
           | agust wrote:
           | Except Apple is making it impossible for web apps to compete
           | with natives apps by crippling Safari with bugs and not
           | implementing crucial features like push notifications, while
           | banning competing browser engines who could do so. So no,
           | currently web apps are no alternative to native apps on the
           | iPhone.
           | 
           | When regulation comes in to force Apple to lift their anti-
           | competitive practices though... Developers and companies will
           | definitely flock to the web, for many good reasons, just like
           | they did on desktop.
        
             | giantrobot wrote:
             | > implementing crucial features like push notifications
             | 
             | Push notifications are a fucking cancer. It's bad enough
             | disabling them from native apps but I definitely do not
             | want web apps sending them. For every one legitimate user
             | of push notifications there are a hundred (conservative
             | estimate) spam/junk users.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _not implementing crucial features like push
             | notifications_
             | 
             | Thank goodness.
             | 
             | I don't need to add de-cluttering my parents' phones with
             | respect to every website they've visited in a year to my
             | Christmas tradition of unfucking the family's devices. If I
             | want notifications from a website, I'll give them my phone
             | number or email.
        
             | Swizec wrote:
             | As a consumer I much prefer most app's web version than
             | polluting my phone with their native stuff.
             | 
             | The lack of notifications is actually one of the biggest
             | reasons. Many app developers abuse notifications so much
             | that I'd rather check uber eats tracking screen every 3
             | minutes than enable notifications for that app
        
           | jmull wrote:
           | It will be interesting to see if that happens or not.
        
           | senko wrote:
           | Not as a counter-argument, but I would be curious to find out
           | if there are any big commercial successes that targeted
           | mobile niche but were implemented as a web app.
           | 
           | I can't think of any.
        
             | ec109685 wrote:
             | Amazon's app is made up of mostly web views, and so are a
             | lot of others. Apple doesn't give web apps all the features
             | (e.g. push notifications) as native apps, so it behooves
             | companies to continue using at least native wrappers.
        
               | senko wrote:
               | It's still a native app and must play by Apple's rules -
               | for example on monetization.
               | 
               | The fact that it uses a subset of web technologies that
               | Apple deems acceptable is a technical detail.
        
             | ioblomov wrote:
             | The only example I can think of is a recent one: Wordle.
        
           | ethbr0 wrote:
           | Which is the insightful reason Apple pivoted away from first
           | class web apps in iOS' early days. They realized they'd never
           | be able to control and tax them as with native. Technical
           | pros and cons were ancillary.
        
       | sebastien_b wrote:
       | Favorite passage:
       | 
       |  _How would Apple like it if when they discovered a serious bug
       | in OS X, instead of releasing a software update immediately, they
       | had to submit their code to an intermediary who sat on it for a
       | month and then rejected it because it contained an icon they didn
       | 't like?_
        
       | organicpotato wrote:
       | As other commenters have already mentioned, it doesn't really
       | matter how "broken" the App Store is as long as Apple owns the
       | user relationship. Developers follow the user base, which is
       | dependent on Apple's hardware and overall ecosystem. Although
       | Paul provides a few ad-hoc conversations with frustrated
       | developers, it doesn't seem like any of the issues mentioned
       | impact the supply of developers for both Apple and its App Store
       | in a meaningful way.
       | 
       | Paul suggests that Apple is "evil", as if the company is immoral
       | and intentionally aiming to harm a group of people (in this case,
       | the App Store developers). I don't see any "evil" intent here,
       | and think that Apple intended to develop a feedback loop to
       | incentivize App Store developers to improve quality control.
       | 
       | It'd be difficult to obtain, but what would be interesting to see
       | is a graph of the following data points:
       | 
       | - The frequency of moderate to high-severity client-side bugs
       | released for the same app to Google's Play Store and Apple's App
       | Store.
       | 
       | - If there were ever times where Apple has tightened or loosened
       | their approval process, the before and after on the frequency of
       | client-side issues.
       | 
       | Although app developers have no control over the app approval
       | process, one way to mitigate turnaround time risks in fixing
       | issues is implementing as much logic as possible server-side (of
       | course, there are definitely times where this isn't feasible).
        
       | nova22033 wrote:
       | Apple app store revenue from 2017-2020..
       | 
       | https://www.statista.com/statistics/296226/annual-apple-app-...
       | 
       | woody_harrelson_drying_his_tears_with_money.jpg
        
       | d--b wrote:
       | > They treat iPhone apps the way they treat the music they sell
       | through iTunes. Apple is the channel; they own the user; if you
       | want to reach users, you do it on their terms.
       | 
       | Yep, fast forward to now and it seems that they got it right.
       | Nobody left. Not the users, not the developers. It turns out we
       | really are like musicians
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | I've been a developer long enough to have seen the whole
         | industry change, multiple times -- Apple may have played a part
         | more recently but there have been other forces at work as well
         | for a long time.
         | 
         | Shareware rose, fell, rose again, fell again.
         | 
         | Somewhere in the lulls there a developer could publish their
         | software either through small ma-and-pa publishers (I have
         | experience with Casey & Greene, Inc. if anyone in the Mac
         | community remember them) or through AppStore/Steam, etc.
         | 
         | At one time publishing meant boxes, floppies, ads in magazines,
         | 15% royalties. A designer at that time, as an example, could
         | sell a font for good money. Fonts though became commodities,
         | the big players (Adobe) moved in and one thread of an era came
         | to a close.
         | 
         | CD's replaced floppies and this too had an impact on the
         | industry as well.
         | 
         | AOL and the masses coming on-line obviously had a huge impact
         | (and shareware rose again then -- ID Software).
         | 
         | Again the big players moved in: LucasArts, etc. Quality games
         | were expected to have cut scenes. Everquest and the world-
         | building games that followed required teams of artists such
         | that the indie developer once again was in descension.
         | 
         | The iPhone made waves. The AppStore though quickly became a
         | race to the bottom (in price) as a new generation of users came
         | to expect software to be free (like their Facebook and
         | SnapChat).
         | 
         | So I don't know, I don't put a lot of blame on Apple in this
         | regard. The industry has been a very dynamic one. One thing I
         | have come to expect about the software development ride though
         | is to never expect it to be the same ten years out.
        
           | d--b wrote:
           | Right I didn't think about before the internet, but yeah at
           | that time developers were even more subject to distributor's
           | approval (and cut)!
        
         | treis wrote:
         | Because the other half of the duopoly treats you more or less
         | the same.
        
       | mdoms wrote:
       | You all still buy their goofy aluminium laptops and publish on
       | their store so I guess Apple wins.
        
       | alberth wrote:
       | Given that pg is a VC, it's interesting to take these comments
       | into consideration given that in 2009 - Apple's market cap was
       | ~$100B and today it's ~$3,000B ($3T).
       | 
       | Getting a 30x return for a company _at scale_ is a phenomenal
       | outcome for any VC. Seems like Apple did something right.
       | 
       | https://companiesmarketcap.com/apple/marketcap/
        
       | jll29 wrote:
       | +1 for expressing the need for a "50% of the size of the MacBook
       | Air" machine. Oh, and with e-paper display, please.
        
       | striking wrote:
       | (2009)
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Added. Thanks!
        
       | stephc_int13 wrote:
       | This post was perfectly on point.
       | 
       | I think it can be argued that Apple has never been developer
       | friendly, but these days it is painfully difficult to ignore.
       | 
       | And I think this is a huge mistake, I would not be surprised if
       | Microsoft end-up eating their lunch again.
        
         | ethbr0 wrote:
         | Microsoft bought an entire phone company and still failed in
         | the mobile device market. It's hard to identify a future key
         | differentiator that's going to be strong enough to overcome the
         | iOS (status) and Android (widely deployable) ecosystems.
        
           | stephc_int13 wrote:
           | Well, all big companies have their peak and then fail.
           | 
           | It can be difficult to imagine but even IBM and Coca Cola are
           | going do disappear into oblivion at some point.
           | 
           | Apple is not dead from a financial standpoint. But I'd go as
           | far as to call it an incredibly healthy zombie.
        
         | setgree wrote:
         | An Apple share was worth a little under $7 when PG wrote this.
         | Today, it hovers around $170, and Apple is the largest
         | corporation in history (which also makes it, in some sense, the
         | largest non-governmental institution in history).
         | 
         | What do we think its value would be today if it had been more
         | developer-friendly in the ensuing 12.25 years -- higher, lower,
         | the same? I truly don't know. But either way, a "huge mistake,"
         | from Apple's POV, is something that appreciably affects the
         | bottom line. And Apple's insane valuation is face value
         | evidence that anything about its corporate strategy that we
         | view as a huge mistake is probably not.
         | 
         | Perhaps there's a case that what Apple has done is a huge
         | _ethical_ mistake, but we 'd have to make the case for that
         | very differently.
        
           | sixstringtheory wrote:
           | > _An Apple share was worth a little under $7 when PG wrote
           | this. Today, it hovers around $170_
           | 
           | And that's after a 7:1 split in 2014 and a 4:1 split in
           | 2020... money isn't everything, but they are clearly finding
           | some success via software, which is the fastest growing part
           | of the company of late.
           | 
           | Personally, I have plenty of my own gripes with Apple, but
           | ever since switching to their ecosystem 13 years ago I've
           | felt like I hopped off a creaky freight train and onto a high
           | speed maglev.
        
           | Kye wrote:
           | I'm sure many companies felt the same way at their peak.
           | Microsoft certainly lived in its hubris before web and mobile
           | forced it to bet the company on making an AWS for its
           | existing contracts who hadn't yet moved everything to clouds.
        
       | luckyorlame wrote:
       | Yawn
        
       | karmakaze wrote:
       | Reading the comments here look like the beginning of a tipping
       | point.
        
       | znq wrote:
       | Article is from 2009. Nevertheless interesting to go back in time
       | and see what has changed. Or hasn't.
        
       | Lamad123 wrote:
       | It's gotten much worse, but why should the corp care?
       | Shareholders are happy and the sheeple are mostly happy!!
        
       | gojomo wrote:
       | I'm personally sympathetic to Graham's points in this 2009 piece.
       | He was prescient about the "bummer" it is to be stuck in a
       | monopolist's monoculture.
       | 
       | But Apple's growth in market value since - from $175B at the end
       | of November 2009, to $2.73T today - at least raises the
       | possibility that Apple wasn't making a "mistake", from the
       | perspective of Apple shareholders, managers, & employees.
       | 
       | Maybe once you've reached a certain powerful 'commanding heights'
       | via other strategy & technology, the optimal enterprise strategy
       | is truly to bully developers, & take their lunch money for
       | yourself.
       | 
       | Still a drag on human progress & welfare, sure.
        
         | tomxor wrote:
         | > But Apple's growth in market value since - from $175B at the
         | end of November 2009, to $2.73T today - at least raises the
         | possibility that Apple wasn't making a "mistake" [...] Still a
         | drag on human progress & welfare, sure.
         | 
         | Basically highlighting the issues of capitalism unchecked.
         | 
         | Initially it can be beneficial to society - I'm confident in
         | saying Apple empowered individuals and other companies in the
         | early years through to pretty much around the time this article
         | was written. For all it's flaws it was an overall force of good
         | for society, for humanity... it didn't suddenly stop doing
         | that, but changed focus, and started to erode it.
         | 
         | Over time a market winner, or winners are picked, and then it
         | seems to be just a matter of time until user exploitation
         | starts, without natural pressure to produce the best product,
         | with the best experience, for the user beyond basic
         | tolerability; it slowly devolves into a venture into wealth
         | extraction as the people who originally cared enough about the
         | companies original values either leave, retire or die. Finding
         | ways to lock in users, creating artificial dependence and
         | tricking people into subscriptions are all just optimisations
         | on this path to wealth extraction from the average person.
         | 
         | It sounds a bit conspiracy theorist when I read that back, but
         | it's hard to say it's not true... this just seems to reliably
         | happen to these incumbent corporations.
        
         | draw_down wrote:
        
         | matt_s wrote:
         | If we're going to talk about "drag on human progress and
         | welfare", there are much bigger fish to fry in the Tech world
         | than a 30% surcharge by an App Store.
         | 
         | You could start with any social media company and in my
         | opinion, they surpass anything Apple has done as far as a "drag
         | on human progress & welfare".
        
           | gojomo wrote:
           | Whataboutism (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whataboutism) is
           | pretty boring unless we were specifically trying to create a
           | ranked list of the worst things.
           | 
           | Also, without an explanation of why "in your opinion" "any
           | social media company" is worse, you're just declaring a
           | personal bias - and vaguely, too. (Is social media company
           | Snapchat more destructive than Apple's App Store policies?)
           | 
           | If you have some larger grudge against some specific social
           | media companies, why not write it up, with reasoning & naming
           | names, in an appropriate place? Why only allude to it, to
           | make Apple's destructiveness seem smaller?
        
             | CharlesW wrote:
             | There are many studies on social media's engagement-at-all-
             | costs effects on individuals and society at large, some
             | performed (with all positive bits socialized) by the social
             | media platforms themselves.[1]
             | 
             | For a balanced view, you could do worse than starting with
             | a search for "social media" on Google Scholar. https://scho
             | lar.google.com/scholar?q=google+scholar+social+m...
             | 
             | [1] https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/09/16/fa
             | ceboo...
        
               | gojomo wrote:
               | Perhaps, but how is that relevant to a discussion of the
               | destructiveness of Apple's power & policies?
               | 
               | Does it excuse them somehow?
               | 
               | Are you sure App Store dynamics don't, overall, increase
               | the power of the worst social platforms?
        
             | matt_s wrote:
             | The parent commenter brought up "drag on human progress and
             | welfare" and keeping the topic to Tech companies I was
             | pointing out there are far worse.
             | 
             | There are studies that show social media causing mental
             | health issues and issues with spreading misinformation,
             | many have shown up here on HN. I was stating my opinion
             | which should be obvious, but maybe it's not, every comment
             | where you type into a comment text box is an opinion. I
             | don't have a grudge, just think the contributions to
             | humanity by social media companies are far less than the
             | problems they cause.
             | 
             | The hypocrisy on HN is funny sometimes, many times
             | articles/comments about startups are about monetizing and
             | charging customers more, raising capital, etc. and then for
             | large companies they charge too much and it's a "drag on
             | human progress and welfare"?
        
         | threeseed wrote:
         | > Still a drag on human progress & welfare, sure.
         | 
         | The App Store since 2009 has directly resulted in the creation
         | of Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, WhatsApp, WeChat etc.
         | 
         | Not sure how you can argue the world hasn't progressed since
         | then.
        
           | gojomo wrote:
           | Where did I say "the world hasn't progressed since then"?
           | That's a hallucinatory misreading & misrepresentation of my
           | comment.
           | 
           | But also: those successes are attributable to mobile apps in
           | general, not Apple's self-serving policies.
           | 
           | Plausibly, all of these should be possible as zero-install
           | web apps - but as Apple (& others) have started raking in the
           | App Store money, their investment in competitive open web
           | technologies that could match proprietary-platform native-
           | apps has languished.
           | 
           | Further, the App Store's market power is now being used to
           | limit the functionality of such apps - banning competitive
           | payment mechanisms, or entire classes of disfavored speech
           | and content, or product benefits that compete with Apple
           | offerings.
           | 
           | And the App Store plus iOS power is being used to torpedo the
           | business models of Apple competitors - as with the changes in
           | tracking defaults that have kneecapped Facebook revenues,
           | mafia-style.
           | 
           | Does local protection rackets deserve credit for every
           | business that manages to pay, & survive, their shakedown?
        
             | afthonos wrote:
             | > Plausibly, all of these should be possible as zero-
             | install web apps - but as Apple (& others) have started
             | raking in the App Store money, their investment in
             | competitive open web technologies that could match
             | proprietary-platform native-apps has languished.
             | 
             | Worth noting that this was basically what Jobs offered
             | developers initially and everyone hated it.
        
               | gojomo wrote:
               | Yes, developers wanted more. There were (at least) two
               | paths possible: native apps, & upgrading web
               | capabilities.
               | 
               | It's good some effort was plowed into both, at different
               | timescales!
               | 
               | But currently, the App Store's monopoly/monoculture
               | abuses are retarding progress. The App Store deserves
               | credit not for creating or enabling the social app listed
               | in the ggp - but instead for capturing more of the value
               | of those innovations for AAPL owners & insiders.
        
           | PolygonSheep wrote:
           | I do think human progress and welfare would have been much
           | better off without Twitter and Instagram. I think WhatsApp is
           | basically neutral and I haven't used WeChat or Snapchat so I
           | can't comment on those.
        
           | newaccount74 wrote:
           | These apps / networks have sprung up despite the limitations
           | of the app store.
           | 
           | We have no idea what the present would look like if the app
           | store was more open.
        
           | ickelbawd wrote:
           | That's arguable. Besides the fact that twitter was founded a
           | year before the iphone was even announced, mobile, networked
           | computers we can fit in our pockets drove the
           | creation/adoption of all those things. The app store helped
           | facilitate, sure. But can you really argue they would not
           | have appeared without an app store? What if phones were more
           | like desktops used to be where I can freely install whatever
           | I want from wherever I want? It was that environment that
           | spawned the host of chat apps that preceded twitter and the
           | rest.
        
           | singularity2001 wrote:
           | Hopefully that was a joke (?)
        
       | JKCalhoun wrote:
       | > Now a lot of programmers have started to see Apple as evil.
       | 
       | Not me (caveat: I worked at Apple). Clumsy is the word that comes
       | to mind with regard to their handling of the AppStore. I see
       | little or no evil intent
       | 
       | > Their fundamental problem is that they don't understand
       | software.
       | 
       | That's a bold statement.
       | 
       | I'll be more nuanced. My impression is that Steve Jobs treated
       | 3rd party software on "his devices" as a necessary inconvenience.
       | He preferred the software he had a hand in, the software
       | developed in house.
       | 
       | To me that is enough to explain Apple's approach to the AppStore.
        
         | amitmathew wrote:
         | I agree - clumsy is a great way to describe their approach. In
         | my many negative experiences with the review process, I never
         | got the sense that there was evil intent. In the end, it's
         | clear the business as a whole doesn't care about third-party
         | developers - they fulfilled their goals of commoditizing their
         | complements and rode that wave to enduring success.
         | 
         | I do wonder how many amazing products and companies never got
         | started or failed because of their fickle and Kafkaesque review
         | process and their 15-30% revenue cut. For me personally, I've
         | had to nix several business ideas and product features because
         | it was too dependent on Apple's whims.
         | 
         | But that's just Apple being Apple. What really blows my mind is
         | how Google blindly followed Apple. Google could have carved out
         | such a valuable market. No developer fees! Clear and consistent
         | review process! No taking 30%! Instead they blindly walked into
         | the ditch with Apple. Talk about a lack of vision...
        
           | throwaway2048 wrote:
           | Yep, Google completely ignored why platforms like the PC beat
           | the Macintosh to begin with
        
             | scarface74 wrote:
             | Isn't Android the same Pyrrhic victory that Windows was for
             | PC Makers? All of the market share but none of the profit?
             | No PC maker is making any real money selling PCs just like
             | no Android manufactures are making real money.
             | 
             | At least MS made some decent money on Windows. Google has
             | to pay its competitor Apple more than it makes on Android
             | if you extrapolate what came out during the Oracle lawsuit.
        
             | ido wrote:
             | Did they though? Apple is today by far the most profitable
             | computer manufacturer.
        
           | intrasight wrote:
           | > too dependent on Apple's whims
           | 
           | so why not just make a web app?
        
             | kaladin-jasnah wrote:
             | Web apps cannot use certain features, eg. Bluetooth, and it
             | will for sure be less user-friendly and responsive than a
             | native app.
        
           | grishka wrote:
           | The use of Google Play is at least not mandatory. You can
           | fully DIY your app distribution if you feel like it.
        
           | spicybright wrote:
           | We call it a ditch, Google execs call it good returns.
        
           | enos_feedler wrote:
           | I worked for Google at the time of the Fortnite fiasco and
           | challenged the company on why we didn't use our "beyond
           | status quo" spirit to innovate the business model. It got
           | raised to the top of our all hands dory and the Play store
           | director had to come on stage to address the question.
           | Scripted response. Scheduled a follow up 1:1 through his
           | admin. Sat in a room for 30 minutes while he fed me bullshit.
           | Walked away convinced Google culture is dead. No longer work
           | at Google
        
             | amitmathew wrote:
             | I figured there must be sensible people within Google
             | trying to fight the good fight. On the surface, it makes
             | business sense to follow the status quo. But I wonder if
             | that's true for the long term. Wouldn't the Android
             | platform be worth a lot more if they gave developers
             | freedom to explore different strategies and business
             | models? What if we could get proper demos? What if we could
             | properly interact with our customers and do things like
             | easily issue refunds? I don't know, maybe I'm way off, but
             | I always thought that Play Store revenue should be a lot
             | higher than it is now if Google exhibited some leadership.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > Wouldn't the Android platform be worth a lot more if
               | they gave developers freedom to explore different
               | strategies and business models?
               | 
               | Say Google does the right thing. Enables great apps,
               | charges 4% instead of 30%, everything goes well.
               | 
               | What does Apple do in response? If they do nothing,
               | Android eats their market share. That's kind of the
               | point, isn't it?
               | 
               | But that means they can't do nothing. They'd have to
               | respond in kind; do the right thing too. Which means it's
               | not a competitive advantage for Google. All they do is
               | lose the 30% they're getting right now.
               | 
               | Even worse if Apple is foolish and the move actually
               | succeeds, because then Android gets a real monopoly
               | instead of this duopoly fig leaf they each use to claim
               | they have competition.
               | 
               | This why duopolies are just as bad as monopolies if not
               | worse. We need real competition and barriers to entry low
               | enough that someone without a vested interest in the
               | status quo can actually enter the market.
        
               | enos_feedler wrote:
               | I dont think the solution is to drop the fee to 4%. My
               | pushback on the Play execs was that we need something
               | unique, that seems fair and recognizes the value that 3rd
               | party and the platforms provide. The 30 / 70 is simple
               | and clean but its not "good" or "fair". It doesnt mean
               | you cant capture say 20% of app revenue in a way that is
               | good and fair
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | If Google went to 4% and Apple stayed at 30%, a lot of
               | people would still be buying iPhones and not caring.
        
               | amitmathew wrote:
               | That's true, but it would help Google get out from
               | Apple's shadow on mobile. From a strategic perspective,
               | you want your competitor being forced to make moves
               | because of your actions. Then you get to dictate the next
               | few steps. But for any of that to matter, you have to
               | view mobile as more than another ad platform, which
               | Google doesn't seem to.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | > Wouldn't the Android platform be worth a lot more if
               | they gave developers freedom to explore different
               | strategies and business models
               | 
               | Android as a platform is completely at odds with Google
               | as a business, and will continue to be so as long as
               | Google's is only revenue stream is online advertising.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | Google doesn't care about Android's experience or the
               | Play Store. It came out in the Oracle lawsuit that
               | Android had only made Google around $25 billion in profit
               | during its existence. Android was already the dominant
               | platform around then. Apple makes more from Google in
               | mobile by Google paying it to be the default search
               | engine than Google makes from Android.
               | 
               | Android is only a defensive play for Google not a profit
               | center
        
               | ffhhj wrote:
               | Please mark this as accepted answer.
        
               | MajorBee wrote:
               | > only $25 billion in profit
               | 
               | Surely there must be a typo in one of these words? I
               | can't imagine 25 humongous ones being loose change for
               | any business.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | For a company the size of Google making $22 billion on a
               | product from 2010 to 2016 is a nothingburger.
               | 
               | https://www.engadget.com/2016-01-21-android-22-billion-
               | in-pr...
               | 
               | This is their total net income between 2010 and 2016.
               | 
               | https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/GOOG/alphabet/n
               | et-...
               | 
               | They pay Apple a reported $18 billion a year to be the
               | default search engine on Apple devices.
        
               | morelisp wrote:
               | It's a single-digit percentage of what ads make, without
               | much room for growth. I doubt it's a single-digit
               | percentage of technical effort.
        
             | quambene wrote:
             | Thanks for trying.
             | 
             | Difficult to change a business model if it's working quite
             | well (financially). Long-term thinking and short-term bonus
             | payments don't align.
             | 
             | Kudos for your decision to leave.
        
               | enos_feedler wrote:
               | Yes, sadly. Google is operating on a "what can we get
               | away with?" attitude vs a "what is possible?" one. No
               | single 3P has power to change the system.
        
               | Ruphin wrote:
               | Just curious, what does 3P stand for?
        
               | enos_feedler wrote:
               | 3rd party developer.
        
             | ocdtrekkie wrote:
             | Ultimately, you ran into reality: That no matter what story
             | these companies sell you on their mission, a 30% profit
             | margin is a 30% profit margin, and not a single person is
             | going to stand in the way of that much profit.
             | 
             | The honest truth is Google culture never existed, they just
             | had most people fooled for a long time.
        
               | Cederfjard wrote:
               | Elsewhere in this thread, someone has suggested that
               | Android makes up a fairly small percentage of Google's
               | net income. Does that have any bearing on this analysis?
        
               | enos_feedler wrote:
               | This is a good point. A project within Google that
               | doesn't move the needle next to it's search advertising
               | business should not be _driven_ by profit margin. However
               | there are a few reasons why I think this happened within
               | Google Play:
               | 
               | 1. Lots of pressure for google products and services to
               | become standalone businesses
               | 
               | 2. Too much imbalance of power between business teams and
               | engineering teams within Google Play. The business teams
               | just saw it as copycat App Store and the engineers and
               | product leads didn't have the influence to overturn this.
               | In some ways this is against what the broader Google
               | culture was thought to have. (Eng/prod > bd).
               | 
               | 3. Androids existence as a defense and not as an
               | opportunity to create the future. Android has always been
               | this and it's engrained culturally.
        
               | ocdtrekkie wrote:
               | There are ways to lie with statistics, but the Play Store
               | is a huge cash cow. I play a mobile game where thousands
               | of players at least have spent more than a car in in-app
               | purchase transactions. Someone told me if you're spending
               | less than $1,000 they consider you free to play. One of
               | the key items for high level play you can only unlock
               | after spending $12,000 on an account.
               | 
               | Imagine if Ford could make 30% profit on selling cars,
               | and didn't even have to manufacture the car.
               | 
               | Fortnite alone is worth hundreds of millions to Google.
               | There's a reason they're willing to compromise any
               | supposed principles they had over it.
               | 
               | Then there are additional effects, like how their control
               | over the Play Store impacts their advertising
               | opportunities on Android.
        
               | cromwellian wrote:
               | There's a difference between the informal culture of rank
               | and file employees, how they see themselves and their
               | peers, and the upper management. Culture at the bottom
               | can get diluted by hiring too rapidly and a high degree
               | of churn, which doesn't yield sufficient time for new
               | hires to be assimilated into culture, gradually weakening
               | it.
               | 
               | But at the top, for a public company, the only culture
               | that truly exists is the next quarterly report. Once
               | you're on the "must show XX% quarterly growth" treadmill,
               | your decisions will be dictated by strategies to further
               | that. Unless you have a crazy person at the top willing
               | to burn money and investor sentiment (e.g. Elon Musk,
               | Zuckerberg, Jobs. Google doesn't have crazy founders
               | running it anymore, which is why Google Bets are kind of
               | a joke, and why the company continually kills stuff that
               | you need to be in the long hall for to make a success
               | (e.g. gaming studios, red studios -- they finally got a
               | hit Cobra Kai -- and killed it, etc)
               | 
               | That's why some of the earlier comments about
               | understanding Apple's App Store behavior as "good
               | intentioned" is off. That MAY have been the original
               | reason behind Jobs wanting it, to gate keep the platform
               | and protect brand image and quality, but it is NOT the
               | reason for charging high fees today.
               | 
               | Apple made $72 billion on App Store revenue in 2020.
               | Their total revenue was $274 billion, so 26% of all
               | revenue came from the App Store. That is the reason for
               | the inertia in keeping the Store exactly the way it is.
               | 
               | The App Store's purported benefits to the platform:
               | security, quality, etc could all be maintained for a
               | fraction of that. Apple is not spending $72 billion a
               | year on store maintenance. It's very clear this is about
               | money, not high minded principle.
        
               | brimble wrote:
               | I've not dug into it, but explanations I've read that
               | claim they kinda _did_ have a culture until they reverse-
               | acquired themselves with the DoubleClick purchase have
               | some ring of truth, just from my casual external
               | observation over the company 's lifespan. It lines up (c.
               | 2008) with some other things--inline ads going full-evil,
               | the search engine anti-spam efforts evidently drying up
               | (or, at least, entirely failing from then on despite
               | whatever effort they were making), et c.
        
             | Cederfjard wrote:
             | If someone, like I was, is curious what a "dory" is in this
             | context, I believe this is it:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Moderator
        
               | enos_feedler wrote:
               | Sorry about using that terminology!
        
             | TomSwirly wrote:
             | Funny, I had much the same experience over ten years ago!
             | 
             | Google had an internal product called GoogleBase that was a
             | huge "database" of "all products" based on Bigtable.
             | Unfortunately, the whole thing had been misrepresented by
             | the original managers, who moved to another project, and
             | the dozens of engineers on the project were all struggling.
             | 
             | I asked Larry Page about this at a meeting, and he said,
             | "We'll get back to you" and someone did and I responded,
             | but there was no feedback, and eventually, a hundred person
             | years later, it was all cancelled.
             | 
             | It was stressful for me and unproductive.
        
         | xunn0026 wrote:
         | That's a very... generous take.
         | 
         | On my 1st London iPhone dev meetup there was a single
         | representative from Apple: a biz dev guy! He asked a single
         | question, when I commented the review process is annoying
         | (compared to anything we had back then).
         | 
         | So, in retrospect, Apple encircled the whole ecosystem from the
         | get go and wanted 120% of all the money that could be
         | extracted. And they executed on it rather flawlessly.
        
         | the_gipsy wrote:
         | > My impression is that Steve Jobs treated 3rd party software
         | on "his devices" as a necessary inconvenience.
         | 
         | That feels "evil" pretty fast, for someone trying to get his
         | software published. Software that only works on their platform,
         | that you could only develop with hardware they supplied.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | kodah wrote:
         | > My impression is that Steve Jobs treated 3rd party software
         | on "his devices" as a necessary inconvenience. He preferred the
         | software he had a hand in, the software developed in house.
         | 
         | I'd say this is the struggle of every big firm. I like and
         | contribute to open source, but I will almost always prefer
         | whatever is built in house because the ease to influencing it's
         | development to satisfy my needs is orders of magnitude smaller.
         | Secondarily, when we build software outside of our host domain
         | (as a business) it breeds innovation.
         | 
         | Thanks for layering some context on top of PGs thoughts.
        
         | jjtheblunt wrote:
         | (caveat: i too worked there) i think what you wrote matches my
         | experience, is basically perfectly said.
        
         | mandeepj wrote:
         | > Their fundamental problem is that they don't understand
         | software.
         | 
         | then in the same breathe, please tell me who understands it.
        
           | burnished wrote:
           | That is a direct quote from the article, mandeep, you're
           | gonna have to hassle Paul Graham directly to get a proper
           | answer.
        
             | mandeepj wrote:
             | I was pointing to PG himself with my comment, and not the
             | poster.
        
         | bloqs wrote:
         | Never assume villany where stupidity is sufficient
        
         | seanalltogether wrote:
         | > Clumsy is the word that comes to mind with regard to their
         | handling of the AppStore. I see little or no evil intent
         | 
         | The emails between Steve, Eddy and Phil seem to say
         | differently. https://9to5mac.com/2020/07/30/internal-emails-
         | show-how-an-a...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ineedasername wrote:
         | _Steve Jobs treated 3rd party software on "his devices" as a
         | necessary inconvenience._
         | 
         | That only explains Apple's approach until Tim Cook became CEO.
         | They've had more than a decade to evolve behind that mindset.
         | The iPhone is more than 5x older now than it was when PG wrote
         | this article. Jobs can't be blamed for much anymore. If Apple
         | is still stuck in his vision of apps on iOS, that's on them
         | now.
        
           | masklinn wrote:
           | > That only explains Apple's approach until Tim Cook became
           | CEO.
           | 
           | Jobs' decisions (if not necessarily his decision making
           | process) are very much part of the company's DNA, pretty much
           | all the executives remain Jobsian picks.
           | 
           | Plus it's hardly been a failure in the market, and it's not
           | like direct competitors are disrupting the status quo, so
           | from a business perspective what's the incentive to change?
           | 
           | > The iPhone is more than 5x older now than it was when PG
           | wrote this article.
           | 
           | And it's never been more successful. Apple's market cap's
           | grown by more than an order of magnitude since that essay.
        
         | jarjoura wrote:
         | I partially agree, evil is such a hyperbolic word. However,
         | Apple and its rank and file during the Steve Jobs era believed
         | 3rd party developers to be rather incompetent, and 3rd party
         | software could never live up to the beauty that Apple itself
         | could create. (I also worked at Apple)
         | 
         | If it somehow proved Steve Jobs wrong and some indie company
         | made popular beautiful software, Apple would bend over backward
         | to acquihire them, sell off (read. kill) the product, and get
         | them making beautiful software for Apple. Of course, back then,
         | it was a dream for so many to get noticed by Apple and end up
         | working there.
         | 
         | Don't try to minimize the bad faith moves from Apple by calling
         | them "clumsy". SJ (and proved through documents released from
         | the Epic trial) absolutely treated everything as a zero-sum
         | game and was exceedingly ruthless in getting what he wanted. On
         | the one hand, yes, the iPhone App Store was just an expansion
         | of the iTunes/iPod platform they had started and found worked
         | well. Yes, it also simplified, what at the time, was an
         | insanely complex web of mobile app markets that carriers
         | themselves didn't truly understand the potential of. All would
         | have been fine if they approached it with an open mind and
         | listened to feedback.
         | 
         | The main issue and feelings of "evilness" that so many people
         | express about Apple, is that they so quickly used the App Store
         | process as a weapon against anything that showed signs of
         | stealing market share away from them. For example, around the
         | start of the iPad, so many interesting book store startups
         | launched, (ie. comic books, out of print books, etc.) and I
         | loved it. However, SJ wanted his iBooks platform and through
         | draconian changes in App Store policy, shut them all down over
         | night. Sorry, but there's nothing clumsy about that that. It
         | was very intentional, and very much directed at Amazon's
         | Kindle, regardless of who got hurt along the way.
         | 
         | Developers tried, repeatedly, to give feedback about ways to
         | improve the App Store, time and time again. Instead, Apple
         | closed feedback forums, canceled Q&As at WWDC, and followed up
         | with more App Store policies against speaking out and
         | essentially made it a privilege to work with them.
         | 
         | I loved woking there, I really did, but we shouldn't minimize
         | these feelings of evilness that so many developers express.
         | Their intuitions are right and they deserve to get as much
         | visibility for their pain as possible. Keep in mind that essay
         | was coming from the perspective of a VC who was dealing with a
         | lot of his startups struggling with the App Store and him
         | trying to get Apple to listen. If that meant being dramatic
         | with words like Evil, so be it, but in the end, surprise, it
         | didn't really do anything heh.
        
         | TrinaryWorksToo wrote:
         | What's the difference between evil and negligent clumsiness?
        
           | elpakal wrote:
           | You snuck the word negligent in there
        
             | TrinaryWorksToo wrote:
             | I did, and that's why I don't think intent is a difference.
             | It's malicious compliance which does have intent, imho.
        
           | giantrobot wrote:
           | Intent.
        
           | usefulcat wrote:
           | For the party on the receiving end, maybe nothing.
        
           | conception wrote:
           | Intent? Someone who's evil probably can't be convinced what
           | they are doing is harmful, since they did it out of greed and
           | selfishness. Someone who's just incompetent can get better.
           | 
           | Not that I think apple falls particularly in either category
           | but there's a difference, the ability to realize and change.
        
         | Kye wrote:
         | On the other hand, their Windows software is universally bad.
         | The ending of Safari for Windows probably means they recognize
         | this to some extent. My guess is they rely heavily on the
         | quality of their libraries and tooling to make good software on
         | OS X and iOS, and they struggle on Windows since it's an alien
         | world.
         | 
         | So maybe it's accurate to say they _do_ understand tooling, and
         | that negates the need to understand software as long as they
         | stick to a world they control.
        
           | sillysaurusx wrote:
           | It served its purpose. Back in 2009, iTunes on Windows was
           | fantastic.
        
             | NikolaNovak wrote:
             | I think that is not a universally agreed upon statement.
             | Checking my receipts, at that time I paid significant money
             | to 3rd parties to sync my iPods to PC without iTunes. It
             | was massively over bloated for what I needed it to do, UI
             | was behind, and once installed it refused to uninstall
             | itself.
             | 
             | (and same continues today. My wife has recognized the sound
             | coming from my office when, every few months , I try to
             | copy photos from my work-mandated iPhone to my windows pc.
             | It's a few hours of screaming, then I give up)
             | 
             | It's tricky. If they don't provide key software for Windows
             | to work with their hardware devices, they'll be blamed for
             | it and called an evil proprietary company (which, fair
             | enough. Just let me plug it as USB storage if you want to
             | avoid _that_ particular reputation :).
             | 
             | On the other hand, if they make their crucial software on
             | Windows half assed, some people like myself at least, will
             | be wary of touching anything Apple with 10ft pole. It May
             | be that working strictly in Apple ecosystem makes for
             | better experience, but that's not my world so I'm not
             | tempted to dip my toes in any more than I have to).
        
             | temp8964 wrote:
             | I tried to use iTunes in 2012(?). iTunes is the most
             | confusing software I have ever used. Maybe it was good in
             | 2009? I wouldn't know.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | > Maybe it was good in 2009?
               | 
               | It was not. Though at least it did the job, which was
               | rare enough (then again I've had to use sonicstage, now
               | that was some bottom-tier irredeemable garbage).
               | 
               | I'm pretty sure iTunes was at its best when it was
               | SoundJam and got worse every time it got touched
               | afterwards, until Apple managed to declare software
               | bankruptcy... and replace it by something worse than it'd
               | ever been.
        
               | salamandersauce wrote:
               | It wasn't good then either. Still a bloated mess and even
               | worse you were more forced to use it as literally nothing
               | else could do something like put a CBZ in a 3rd party app
               | unless it happened to support Dropbox or something
               | similar. It's just terrible.
        
           | pram wrote:
           | I realized this with Quicktime 7 and Quicktime X. X is my
           | favorite media player, and yet the experience with 7 on
           | Windows was like a time machine back to the shittiest parts
           | of the 90s.
        
             | DonHopkins wrote:
             | You thought Quicktime 7 was bad? How about Quicktime 4.0
             | (released on June 8, 1999)? It took a few versions and a
             | lot of hubris to get Quicktime 4.0 Bad.
             | 
             | http://hallofshame.gp.co.at/qtime.htm
             | 
             | >Interface Hall of Shame - QuickTime 4.0 Player -
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | Ha ha, that _is_ the shittiest part of the 90 's right
               | there.
        
           | fnord123 wrote:
           | Even on osx. Pages is bad. Numbers is bad. Calendar is bad.
           | AppStore is slow and cumbersome.
           | 
           | Safari is quite ok.
        
             | brimble wrote:
             | MacOS' "productivity" software is my favorite I know of.
             | I'd have to go back to historical (10+ years old) versions
             | of similar products to find ones I like better. Their
             | quality is _excellent_. They 're light on resources (I can
             | forget them in the background), quick to launch, do
             | everything I need (even collaborative editing), and have
             | good-enough templates for most stuff I'd want to do.
             | Preview is best-in-class, as far as I know. Finder may not
             | be amazing but it also crashes ~never (which isn't
             | impressive compared to Windows Explorer but is compared to
             | some, ahem, other platforms) and is lightweight. The
             | calculator is great (and I miss a couple very minor, but
             | thoughtful, UX things about it when I use others). Digital
             | Color Meter is awesome. I wish Notes had export and
             | supported Markdown input, but how smoothly and sanely it
             | handles things like embedding files, and how stable it is
             | and the reliability/speed of sync between devices, makes it
             | pretty damn good anyway. The email reader's stuck at some
             | kind of local maximum like nearly all other email clients,
             | but it's good enough.
             | 
             | The 1st-party software quality is a _big part_ of what
             | keeps me around. Possibly the _main_ thing.
             | 
             | [EDIT] Oh, and the Terminal is one of the best there is.
             | It's _very_ good. Others may have more features, but it 's
             | _far_ from minimal, yet manages to have lower input latency
             | than most (which tells me Apple 's got their priorities
             | straight)
        
               | danieldk wrote:
               | I largely agree. Keynote became a bit bland compared to
               | the competition, but I love working in former iWork apps
               | (especially since they've added no-frills support for
               | equations), Terminal, Preview, etc.
               | 
               | The only thing that I loved, but has become slow and
               | buggy is Grapher. Grapher is a hidden gem, very few
               | applications come close for quickly visualizing a
               | function.
        
               | brimble wrote:
               | Whoa, there's one I didn't know about.
               | 
               | I should probably take the time to RTFM for that stuff,
               | after more than a decade on the platform. Every time I
               | find another little Apple utility, I end up getting
               | something out of it.
        
               | dhosek wrote:
               | Yeah, it's definitely worth poking around in Applications
               | and its sub-folders to find out what the heck is on the
               | computer already. Lots of hidden gems.
        
               | brimble wrote:
               | It's a case where not having something like the old-
               | school hierarchical Windows Start Menu with its
               | delightful "accessories" section, is unfortunate. Takes a
               | little more digging to find the fun stuff (and even
               | there, Windows hides/hid some cool utilities, especially
               | system-config stuff, so you're unlikely to find them
               | unless you know the name)
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | I enjoy Apple's Image Capture with my Epson scanner as
               | well.
        
             | sizeofchar wrote:
             | I love Numbers and haven't been able to find an easy and
             | convenient replacement for it since I left macOS :(
             | 
             | It's blended spreadsheeting with presentation in a free
             | infinite canvas is the best notebook app I've met.
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | Have you tried the web version? I've never used the full
               | OS X version, so I can't compare.
        
             | 015a wrote:
             | And Music. It's a travesty the degree of a downgrade
             | Apples' users experienced going from iTunes to Music. The
             | desktop app (and web app, which seems to be some level of
             | an identical codebase) is so bad it borderlines unusable.
             | 
             | And Xcode. It's always been bad. Messages on Mac? An
             | embarrassment which gets worse with every MacOS update.
             | Spotlight? A meme-level failure of a software product,
             | which can single-handedly consume hours of CPU time to
             | "index" files after every update, then fail to find an
             | _application_ , not even some crazy-hidden file, matching
             | an exact string text search.
             | 
             | Safari is _ok_ , but in the scope of how reliably fantastic
             | modern browsers are, it's still the worst. Not just in
             | standards support & standards correctness, but the
             | application itself.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | > And Music. It's a travesty the degree of a downgrade
               | Apples' users experienced going from iTunes to Music. The
               | desktop app (and web app, which seems to be some level of
               | an identical codebase) is so bad it borderlines unusable.
               | 
               | The most impressive part is that itunes was absolute
               | garbage, and music managed to be worse. Quite a feat
               | really.
        
             | Aloha wrote:
             | I quite disagree on Pages, it's a perfect 80% product.
             | 
             | Nothing replaces Excel however - literally nothing.
             | 
             | As has been said before, its the world most widely deployed
             | programing environment.
        
               | dhosek wrote:
               | Yep. I do X-Y charts like this
               | https://www.dahosek.com/wp-
               | content/uploads/2021/10/NewImage-... with Excel and
               | Numbers doesn't correctly handle gaps in the date
               | sequence or duplicated dates for the vertical lines
               | (unless they've fixed this since I last checked) so I
               | still keep Office around for that and a few other minor
               | UI affordances that I prefer in Word.
        
               | mananaysiempre wrote:
               | > [Excel is] the world most widely deployed programing
               | environment.
               | 
               | It's curious to note, then, how utterly peculiar of a
               | programming environment it is: it is a first-order (pre-
               | LAMBDA) purely functional array dataflow language with a
               | sometimes-graphical interface and little to no capacity
               | for any kind of abstraction.
               | 
               | Because of the last point, I would perhaps call it half a
               | programming environment (if programming = make a computer
               | do stuff + assemble simple doings into larger ones, Excel
               | only does the first part). This is alleviated by a clever
               | choice of basic datatype: a two-dimensional array of
               | crufties over which scalar operations (usually) propagate
               | automatically; this affords a rich set of operations that
               | are not so low-level that the absence of abstractions or
               | side effects would be crippling and at the same time not
               | so high-level that you'd have an impulse to drill down
               | into their inner workings and change something. In
               | particular, you _can't_ store these arrays as elements
               | inside other arrays: the layering is impermeable.
               | 
               | That this is a clever choice of datatype has been noticed
               | elsewhere: witness APL, MATLAB, or even in some sense
               | SQL. Among of all of these, though, Excel is
               | distinguished by how very little it can actually do from
               | a programming perspective (as opposed to a practical
               | perspective or even a primitive-counting perspective).
               | It's almost like someone sat down and decided to see how
               | little programming functionality a practical tool could
               | contain to still qualify as programming, ditched
               | everything else, then slashed half of the result.
               | 
               | But if it's a shamelessly minimal programming language
               | (if it qualifies as one at all), it's quite striking to
               | consider how rich of a programming _environment_ it is.
               | You get intermediate results. You get visual indication
               | of where the values used in the computation came from.
               | You get help for every function as you type it in. You
               | get to change the inputs, or any other detail, and be
               | dropped into an impeccably updated state of your program.
               | You get to see your changes propagate, live, without
               | messing around with REPLs, reloading notebook cells, or
               | restarting hung servers. You get more IDE for your money
               | than CLion and Mathematica combined. _On a computer from
               | 1997._
               | 
               | I mean, of course Excel is cheating. If you read papers
               | on "visual programming", and "differentiable
               | computation", and "provenance", and "incremental
               | recompilation", and all the official names for all that
               | jazz I just described--you'll see that Excel avoids all
               | the hard problems the academics are struggling with by
               | _not having the respective features_. (It's well known
               | that everything gets easier in a purely functional
               | language or without first-class functions, for example.)
               | It even insulates the programmer from the problems of
               | naming and of factoring (and thus avoids having to
               | provide attendant features) by not _allowing_ names or
               | factoring.
               | 
               | Now, I'm not saying that Excel is somehow lacking in
               | features or that it is a pleasant programming environment
               | --it both has a tremendous amount of features and is a
               | pretty miserable programming environment past a very low
               | complexity ceiling. But, for all that is holy, why isn't
               | everybody trying to figure out how to cheat _even
               | harder?_
        
         | grishka wrote:
         | I'm an Android app developer. But, naturally, I have some
         | insight into what my iOS colleagues do.
         | 
         | Every iOS developer I know views the app store as an asinine
         | hurdle that they have to clear, standing between them and their
         | users. They never see it as something helpful. They certainly
         | never see it anything like the way Apple's marketing portrays
         | it. The process of releasing an update is stressful because you
         | just never know whether they'll reject your app over something
         | minor that you consider perfectly normal or even intentional.
         | 
         | Oh, you fixed a critical bug? Too bad, we've typed the word
         | "sex" into the search field and turned the safe search off, and
         | naked people came up. You have to change your ToS to disallow
         | that for us to consider approving your update.
        
       | mileskaos wrote:
       | This article doesn't hold up so well since Apple has a market cap
       | > $1T. Please tell us how they're gonna fail now, Paul. This is
       | like Ted Dziuba trying to convince the world in '09 that NOSQL
       | was useless and would die soon. Pure genius
        
         | sebastien_b wrote:
         | It reflects that Apple is a de facto monopoly on app
         | distribution for phone apps.
        
       | TillE wrote:
       | > Their reputation with programmers used to be great.
       | 
       | Maybe in a vague secondhand sense? Mac developers have pretty
       | much always been a tiny, tiny niche, and I've heard plenty of
       | complaints from them.
        
       | api wrote:
       | I've dealt with the IRS and with the Apple App Store. The former
       | has far better customer service and is much more transparent.
        
         | splitstud wrote:
         | It's actually surprising how good it is
        
         | fatnoah wrote:
         | Not gonna lie, my one and only call with the IRS required
         | waiting about 60 minutes on hold, but once I got to talk to
         | someone, they were friendly, knowledgable, and completely took
         | care of my problem.
         | 
         | In my interactions with app store review, it's usually resulted
         | in a terse response that required some guessing to fully
         | understand. In some cases, we simply gave up because it was too
         | hard to get real answers from someone.
        
           | reaperducer wrote:
           | _my one and only call with the IRS required waiting about 60
           | minutes on hold_
           | 
           | Recently I learned that Waiting-on-Hold-as-a-Service is a
           | thing.
           | 
           | According to the newspaper (I forget which one -- lots of
           | dead trees around my apartment), there are companies that
           | hire people to do nothing but wait on hold on customer
           | service lines. When the person on hold is next in line, if
           | the company has a paying customer, they switch the call over
           | to them. If not, the person who's been waiting on hold all
           | that time drops the call and dials in again, sort of
           | reserving a spot for the next paying customer.
           | 
           | The rate to get straight through to the IRS is $1,000 to
           | $5,000. I think it's a monthly subscription. A bargain for
           | lawyers and accountants and such.
        
             | howinteresting wrote:
             | Accountants and such have specialized needs, but for
             | ordinary people, you can just get that for free with a
             | Google Pixel.
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | It's not the same thing.
               | 
               | The Google thing waits on hold for you. But you still
               | wait.
               | 
               | These services connect you immediately because they have
               | people who have already done the waiting.
        
               | howinteresting wrote:
               | Ahh, I see. That's pretty cool!
        
             | ValentineC wrote:
             | I'm surprised few others are creating agnostic competitors
             | to Google Pixel's Hold for Me feature:
             | 
             | https://support.google.com/assistant/answer/10071878?hl=en
        
         | mdorazio wrote:
         | If you can actually contact the IRS at all. I called multiple
         | times last year and wasn't even able to be put on hold, just
         | "sorry we have too many people trying to contact us, try
         | later". If you do actually get a hold of someone, IRS is
         | helpful but also outdated (I had to sign up for a fax service
         | to send documentation to them).
         | 
         | Apple's responses often leave a lot to be desired, but at least
         | you can use support forums and emails with a good response
         | rate.
         | 
         | Note that I don't think this is the fault of the IRS at all -
         | they are woefully underfunded and understaffed.
        
           | kmeisthax wrote:
           | The problem is at least partially that companies flood the
           | IRS call center with spam calls, for the express purpose of
           | "reserving a spot" for people who pay them for expedited
           | access to the IRS call queue.
        
           | e4e78a06 wrote:
           | I still find it baffling you need to _physically mail_ your
           | stock brokerage transactions to the IRS in 2022. And you can
           | only do it via USPS! My brokerage already reports all my
           | gains/losses to the IRS, why do I need to mail another set of
           | the same documents on top of that?
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Do you? I never have and I do not see any instructions on
             | Schedule D to breakout individual transactions if they were
             | already included in 1099-B.
        
           | Kye wrote:
           | Context! Remember, they were slammed with more filings than
           | usual due to the stimulus on top of the backlog from the
           | previous new filings for the previous stimulus. They had to
           | deal with this using a reduced staff amid figuring out how to
           | deal with a newly remote workforce.
        
         | tonyedgecombe wrote:
         | It's the same in the UK, I've always had good service from
         | HMRC.
         | 
         | Mind you I suspect people who fiddle their taxes have a
         | different opinion of them.
        
       | blehn wrote:
       | Developers have pretty much solved the launch-fast-and-iterate
       | problem with server-side updates -- they don't need to submit a
       | new build to Apple for every update. I'd argue that Apple's app
       | store policies have mostly resulted in higher quality, more
       | secure apps than we would have otherwise (and Android apps are
       | evidence of that), which resulted in more trust and faster
       | adoption from users.
        
         | madmax96 wrote:
         | I think the real key is that Apple has recognized that App
         | Store delays are a problem and has taken steps to quantifiably
         | improve the situation. See https://appreviewtimes.com/.
         | Anecdotally, the first version of one of my Apps was approved
         | in < 8 hours. On another, more gray area app, it took ~1.5
         | weeks. Gone are the days of 4 week update delays. I've found
         | that Apple's release process has identified useful problems in
         | my apps too.
        
       | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
       | While I agree with a lot of the sentiment in this blog post, it
       | certainly didn't age well. I don't see "developer love" making a
       | lick of difference for how successful the App Store has been
       | (which is, phenomenally). At this point the only thing I see
       | reigning in the power of the App Store (and Play Store, a point
       | pg also got wrong in this post, but I think that was
       | understandable in 2009) is regulation.
        
         | kobalsky wrote:
         | I think apple is right now where amazon was before everyone
         | started hating on bezos.
         | 
         | amazon still reigns, but ppl got the see the pipes pumping
         | biomass from the poor souls that have to deal with their ugly
         | end.
         | 
         | IMHO, this marked their high point, and the same will happen to
         | apple.
        
         | webmobdev wrote:
         | > _I don 't see "developer love" making a lick of difference
         | for how successful the App Store has been_
         | 
         | Business history is replete with those whose products were once
         | at the top and / or dominated the industry and yet are now
         | irrelevant.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | This blog post is 13 years old, and was written _before_ App
           | Store had its meteoric rise. A successful  "cautionary tale
           | of premature hubris" it ain't.
        
         | btown wrote:
         | There's an old diagram (now a meme) of the points where WWII
         | bombers were hit and survived to have those hits recorded; the
         | underlying theme is that it's the places where hits _weren 't_
         | recorded that were actually fatal. Looking at whether the App
         | Store was sufficient in its "developer love," and looking at
         | what applications were _rejected_... paints over what
         | applications _might_ have surfaced if its policies were
         | different, but instead were discouraged before they even began.
         | 
         | One of the worst things about the App Store is that there are
         | very few "labors of love" there - very few (if any) quality
         | free-to-play games that don't try to aggressively monetize in-
         | app transactions, very few "shareware" style apps that rival
         | paid subscription apps in quality. There's no real way to
         | quantify what might have existed, but we do know that there
         | were many shareware developers in the early 2000s that wouldn't
         | touch microtransactions with a ten foot pole - where did they
         | go?
         | 
         | I think, in part, all this is due to the App Store process
         | being so wildly unpredictable and exhausting. If you develop
         | something useful, it may be rejected on a whim; the only
         | developers who _aren 't_ discouraged after that, are the ones
         | whose investors pay them to not be discouraged, may reach out
         | via backchannels to ensure that rejections are escalated, can
         | fund a pivot if necessary, and in turn expect outsized returns.
         | And so every app becomes optimized for monetary return - which,
         | of course, makes Apple extremely profitable.
         | 
         | It's a really sad situation.
        
           | collaborative wrote:
           | Indeed. Myself as an example. I give stuff away for free on
           | the Play Store, but charge to breathe on the App Store. And
           | the only reason I do it is to offset the mental drag it takes
           | to bear with Apple. Else I would just leave
        
         | Apocryphon wrote:
         | > I don't see "developer love" making a lick of difference for
         | how successful the App Store has been
         | 
         | Therein we see the commodificafion or the mass consumerization
         | or appification or whatever neologism of software, at least for
         | smartphones.
        
       | kmeisthax wrote:
       | Well, as much as the business model is untenable, it lasted 13
       | years and counting. [0]
       | 
       | The things that _have_ changed aren 't strictly upgrades or
       | downgrades. Apple's approval process is much quicker than it was
       | in 2009, but instead of sitting on a bug fix for four weeks, now
       | they reject you with no explanation while 20 other apps doing the
       | same thing Apple is angry about make millions on the store.
       | 
       | >They get away with maltreating developers, in the short term,
       | because they make such great hardware. I just bought a new 27"
       | iMac a couple days ago. It's fabulous. The screen's too shiny,
       | and the disk is surprisingly loud, but it's so beautiful that you
       | can't make yourself care.
       | 
       | I feel the exact same way with the 13" iPad Pro I bought last
       | year. Amazing hardware, but it feels like computing in a
       | straitjacket. Even jailbreaking it only goes so far to fix the
       | underlying problem, which is that playing by Apple's rules is a
       | genuine roadblock to a lot of pro app developers who are
       | accustomed to selling direct-to-consumer.
       | 
       | However, I don't think Apple actually _cares_. The iPad Pro
       | exists for exactly one kind of customer, and one kind of customer
       | only: professional artists. As far as they 're concerned, people
       | who want proper developer tools, the full Adobe or Autodesk
       | suites, or what have you can just give up the touchscreen and
       | cellular modem and buy a Mac.
       | 
       | >With Apple that seems less the case. When you look at the famous
       | 1984 ad now, it's easier to imagine Apple as the dictator on the
       | screen than the woman with the hammer.
       | 
       | ...Did Paul Graham consult with Tim Sweeney on #FreeFortnite?
       | 
       | [0] Also, the submission title should probably have a (2009) in
       | it...
        
         | tharne wrote:
         | > Amazing hardware, but it feels like computing in a
         | straitjacket.
         | 
         | That's precisely what drove me away from apple laptops a few
         | years back and back to linux for my home computing. I was
         | running an (only somewhat) older machine and every update ate
         | more hard drive space and hurt performance. And because apple
         | made it, it was damn near impossible to upgrade either the hard
         | drive or the memory.
         | 
         | But, it _is_ beautiful hardware...
        
         | ghughes wrote:
         | "Computing in a straitjacket" - this is wonderfully pithy.
        
         | chaostheory wrote:
         | What pg couldn't predict is that there are still no good
         | alternatives to the Apple ecosystem. For normal people, there's
         | still only two viable alternatives: MS and Google. Both have
         | their pros and cont, but neither is significantly better than
         | Apple.
         | 
         | Maybe with the coming XR paradigm shift, things will change?
        
           | brimble wrote:
           | As an Apple user, I really _wish_ they had competition. I 'm
           | a long-time Linux user too, and that ain't competition. I
           | still use Windows a little for work, and personally for
           | gaming, and wow, is _that_ ever not an alternative to what
           | Apple offers. I 'm tentatively hopeful for Fuchsia, but 1)
           | It's Google, so will a non-high-effort/high-jank version
           | exist that isn't first and foremost a spying platform? and 2)
           | Android's not all that good and never has been, though to be
           | fair (I suppose) they acquired that.
           | 
           | As it is, when Apple fucks up (which is often!) I survey the
           | "competition" and decide that, no, I don't want to take on
           | four new problems for every one I avoid.
        
             | chaostheory wrote:
             | I agree and I feel that you've summarized the landscape
             | better than I did
        
               | brimble wrote:
               | I take the state of things as more a strong indictment of
               | the rest of the industry, than Apple's being super-duper
               | awesome. Turns out pretty-good is, like, _way_ better
               | than the rest. :-(
               | 
               | I guess that's what you get with a market of this shape,
               | having very few viable options, all mutually
               | incompatible, plus all tied in with perverse incentives
               | from other parts of their various vertically-integrated
               | behemoth-corporations--even Linux suffers from what _sure
               | looks like_ some fire-and-motion action from Red Hat, I
               | assume aimed at keeping them on top in the support  &
               | consulting game. Ubuntu tries something similar off-and-
               | on, but just aren't as good at executing on those plans
               | and have mostly failed.
               | 
               | Really, one of the most remarkable things about Apple is
               | that they do a good job of aligning most of their own
               | incentives with things that provide _some_ kind of
               | significant benefit to users, even if it 's arguably only
               | as a side-effect.
        
       | mocmoc wrote:
       | Another genius
        
       | draw_down wrote:
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _Apple 's Mistake (2009)_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7344783 - March 2014 (56
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Apple 's Mistake (2009)_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6329991 - Sept 2013 (8
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Apple 's Mistake_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1081514 - Jan 2010 (25
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Apple 's Mistake_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=950751
       | - Nov 2009 (269 comments)
        
       | kerblang wrote:
       | Absolutely right, aaaaand... it doesn't matter. People will do
       | whatever is necessary to get their app in the user's hands. But
       | Apple doesn't have Steve Jobs anymore and that matters a lot.
       | 
       | Anyhow, the question driving everything now is "Security?". How
       | do you deliver non-dangerous software to innocent people? What is
       | the (un)fashionably libertarian answer on this anyhow? Let them
       | eat blackmail?
        
         | splitstud wrote:
         | It only matters if Apple doesn't care how many people develop
         | for their platform. You say 'People will do whatever...'. Sure,
         | some will. Some won't. Some have to. Would you want your
         | platform to be skewed in any way towards those that 'have to'?
         | 
         | The libertarian and bog standard answers agree in this case =
         | you don't need to know how, we don't need you to be the
         | decision maker.
        
       | pier25 wrote:
       | When this was written I was an Apple fanboy.
       | 
       | These days, as a dev, I really don't trust Apple at all. I would
       | never even think of making a product for any of the Apple
       | platforms. As a freelancer I've stopped taking any iOS/macOS
       | projects too. It's not the 30% but Apple's attitude of
       | controlling their turf like the mafia under pretended moral
       | superiority.
       | 
       | As a user I'm as cynical as I've ever been. I use macOS and
       | Windows on a daily basis, and for dev work I generally prefer
       | macOS over Windows. But I'm always running at least a major macOS
       | version behind and never buy any 1st gen Apple product. I simply
       | expect their stuff to fail in one way or another. I've been
       | bitten way too many times to trust them. Nvidiagate, Radeongate,
       | Yosemite, iPad 3, iPhone 4, etc, the list is very long.
       | 
       | Just weeks ago, my wife's Macbook Air (a 4 year old machine)
       | started having issues with the keyboard and trackpad
       | disconnecting. Apple's authorized repair services* say they want
       | to replace almost all the parts (pretty much excluding the
       | screen) and the repair cost is almost as much as buying a new
       | Air.
       | 
       | * Apple Mexico doesn't really do repairs here like in the US so
       | you're forced to go through one of those services.
       | 
       | Or right now, the Apple TV has been suffering issues with Atmos
       | for the past couple of months. There's a thread in Apple's forums
       | with 14 pages of users complaining which keeps growing even
       | though posts are deleted by the mods constantly.
       | 
       | https://discussions.apple.com/thread/253168177
        
         | m348e912 wrote:
         | I bought an m1 macbook pro not too long ago and I love it. But
         | if I got a job where they offered me a choice between a macbook
         | vs a windows laptop for work purposes, I'd take the windows
         | laptop. I just find if I need to get work done, PC/Windows is a
         | slightly better option.
        
         | wil421 wrote:
         | Apple in the US kinda stopped doing repairs. They used to
         | replace screens but now they just give you a new iPhone or
         | iPad.
        
           | etchalon wrote:
           | I don't believe that's true.
           | 
           | Apple has always had a much more wholesale replacement
           | strategy than other manufacturers. Even back in my CompUSA
           | days, when I was the "Mac guy" in the shop, the other techs
           | lamented how much easier my job was. There was a whole range
           | of problems that Apple classified as a full system swap,
           | where someone like HP would have replaced one or two
           | components.
           | 
           | They're still replacing screens, depending on the break. I
           | had a screen replacement last year on my 12. It was just the
           | screen. I believe they're more conservative about screen
           | replacements though, and have a deep enough supply of refurb
           | devices the math might just work out that it's faster/cheaper
           | to just hand the consumer a new device.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | I assume at some point, technology becomes so integrated and
           | tiny that it no longer makes sense to do repairs.
        
         | 8bitsrule wrote:
         | > 14 pages of users complaining which keeps growing even though
         | posts are deleted by the mods constantly.
         | 
         | Wow. They're still doing that? They were doing the same to
         | hundreds of iMac users with slightly out-of-warranty displays
         | going bad ... 16 years ago.
        
           | pier25 wrote:
           | Yep. Same happened with the Radeongate of the 2011 MBP 15''.
        
         | nouveaux wrote:
         | "It's not the 30% but Apple's attitude of controlling their
         | turf like the mafia under pretended moral superiority."
         | 
         | Do you feel the same way with all large consumer corporations
         | or just Apple? Another words, how is Apple different from
         | Microsoft, Google, Amazon, Netflix, or Adobe?
        
           | pier25 wrote:
           | I guess it's a matter of degree, but personally, as a dev, I
           | think it's much worse dealing with Apple than Google or
           | Microsoft.
           | 
           | Adobe... I don't love them either but I don't think they go
           | around waving a moral banner as if they were saving the
           | world.
           | 
           | Netflix I don't know, I'm just an end user and I'm really
           | happy with their service.
        
             | freedomben wrote:
             | I don't mean this as an excuse, but to a big extent Apple
             | has been so successful with their policies and the
             | propaganda behind why their policies are better for the
             | consumer, that it forces Google/Microsoft to copy them.
             | Many of the things the big tech companies do nowadays was
             | an idea originated and proven at Apple previously.
             | 
             | Edit: sorry, I meant this as a reply to GP question but
             | I'll leave it here.
        
       | jmull wrote:
       | Focusing on iPhone users and and not iPhone developers probably
       | was/is the right thing to do.
       | 
       | iOS isn't a developer's platform and if it were, developers
       | probably wouldn't be interested in it very much, since what
       | developers want more than any API, tool or system is users.
       | 
       | Not that they couldn't focus on users better, or couldn't support
       | developers better w/o impacting users negatively. They could and
       | should, IMO.
       | 
       | Apple has pretty much fixed the issue this post is concerned with
       | (very slow app review process)... but it took _several years_ --
       | checking the internet, it looks like ~2016 was the general
       | turning point, so around 7 years after this post. It shows just
       | how little the developer experience matters to developers if you
       | have users.
        
         | spideymans wrote:
         | > Focusing on iPhone users and and not iPhone developers
         | probably was/is the right thing to do.
         | 
         | Broadly speaking, I feel that we in the tech community tend to
         | erroneously assume that what's good for developers must also be
         | good for users. That's not necessarily true. Developers are
         | ultimately just businesses looking to extract revenue from
         | users --- we should expect the relationship between developers
         | and users to be adversarial to a certain extent.
        
         | CharlesW wrote:
         | > _iOS isn 't a developer's platform..._
         | 
         | It is, in the sense that a reasonably-good iOS developer
         | experience is necessary but not sufficient. What Apple does
         | prioritize is giving developers a large, vibrant, and engaged
         | audience for their work in exchange for a 30% (or 15%) cut.
        
         | fpoling wrote:
         | This is even true on desktop with Apple deprecating and
         | removing features with new OS releases. The assumption is that
         | developers will take care about it.
         | 
         | But for users of niche apps that are no longer supported by
         | developers this is rather problematic and requires to stay at
         | older MacOS versions.
        
           | wil421 wrote:
           | Didn't Apple used to let you run a VM of your laptop? I swear
           | I used to run a VM of a 2011 laptop to use niche software.
        
             | fpoling wrote:
             | One cannot run 32-bit Intel binary on Apple silicon even
             | via VM. I suppose VM vendors may eventually support that
             | via emulation, but it will take a while.
        
               | CharlesW wrote:
               | You sure can. Parallels has supported this since its
               | first M1 version AFAIK. I'd be surprised if UTM/QEMU
               | doesn't support this as well.
        
       | terracatta wrote:
       | I think it's easy to read this post, then look at Apple's market
       | cap and conclude that Paul got this one wrong.
       | 
       | I don't think he did.
       | 
       | As an entrepreneur, when I held the iPhone 4s in my hand ~10
       | years ago, I saw only possibilities. In 2022 when I hold my
       | iPhone 13 in my hand, I see a known quantity with all the use-
       | cases permanently ossified. I don't dare to dream about what is
       | possible. Only Apple can truly move this platform forward. I'll
       | be a passive observer.
       | 
       | This is not how I feel about the Mac, and I think Paul's post
       | accounts for the difference. I really feel if I have a great idea
       | and execute I can meaningfully impact the trajectory of the
       | platform.
       | 
       | There is no doubt the iPhone and the iPad will continue to be
       | commercially successful products. But now, 14 years after the
       | launch of the App Store, that feels like such a poor measurement
       | of their net-new impact on society. The magic is gone.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | We're just getting old. I used to think the same thing. Then I
         | watched a designer effectively scan my home into a 3D model
         | with her phone and return it from her assistant's iPad with
         | proposed changes reflected within thirty minutes. That wouldn't
         | have been possible only a few years ago.
         | 
         | That's a pretty vain example, but there are a lot of
         | opportunities opened by having a sensor that can create 3D
         | models of nearby surfaces in everyone's pocket. And that's just
         | one sensor Apple has added to their phones over the years.
        
           | vincentmarle wrote:
           | > Then I watched a designer effectively scan my home into a
           | 3D model with her phone and return it from her assistant's
           | iPad with proposed changes reflected within thirty minutes.
           | 
           | Curious to know which app she used for that?
        
             | singularity2001 wrote:
             | just search for '3D scanner' if you have a Lidar phone and
             | forget about it if not.
        
           | etchalon wrote:
           | Completely agree.
           | 
           | The difference between then and now is that EVERY use case
           | was changing. As smart phones have "mastered" to the common
           | ones, the real change is happening at the edges and it's
           | crazy what other industries are doing with the platforms.
        
           | singularity2001 wrote:
           | The way they crippled AI on the iPhone may make you
           | reconsider if it is just us aging.
        
           | brimble wrote:
           | Insistence on this site that iOS devices are "only for
           | consumption" (or similar) baffle me. The things are I/O
           | powerhouses. They're out-of-this-world. The only way that can
           | be true is for people with weirdly tiny notions of what
           | "creating something with a computer" looks like--like, say,
           | using it as a tool to create 3d models of a house on-the-fly
           | and produce (create!) new designs for that house, as in your
           | example. I can't do that shit with my laptop--not without
           | peripherals and a lot more hassle.
        
       | Koraza wrote:
        
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