[HN Gopher] Intel to Acquire Tower Semiconductor for $5.4B
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Intel to Acquire Tower Semiconductor for $5.4B
        
       Author : frxx
       Score  : 141 points
       Date   : 2022-02-16 07:49 UTC (15 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.intc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.intc.com)
        
       | lnsru wrote:
       | When reading headline I was thinking about Intel removing its
       | competitor. Then I searched a bit and found this: " Tower
       | Semiconductor Ltd. is an Israeli company that manufactures
       | integrated circuits using specialty process technologies,
       | including SiGe, BiCMOS, SOI, mixed-signal and RFCMOS, CMOS image
       | sensors, non-imaging sensors, power management, and non-volatile
       | memory as well as MEMS capabilities."
       | 
       | Looks like that Intel wants to go deeper in foundry business
       | offering more services. I can speculate, that Intel has very good
       | silicon process for logic circuits and will improve their
       | offerings with technology from this acquisition. Sounds like a
       | reasonable strategy to me.
        
         | throwaway4good wrote:
         | So it is some kind of complement to Intel's business? By the
         | price Intel is paying compared to Tower's revenue, it really
         | sounds like Intel is paying a lot without being able to add
         | anything?!
        
           | adventured wrote:
           | > By the price Intel is paying compared to Tower's revenue
           | 
           | ~3.5x sales is not a lot, especially not in this market
           | (either broadly or semis specifically).
           | 
           | AMD is at 9x sales; Nvidia is 27x; Analog Devices is 11x;
           | Texas Instruments is 8x; Applied Materials is 5x; Micron is
           | 3.6x; Taiwan Semi is ~11x; ASML is ~13x; KLA is 7x; LAM is 5x
           | - and so on.
        
             | formercoder wrote:
             | These companies also don't all have the same margins, so
             | benchmarking on a sales multiple doesn't give a good feel
             | for valuation. Everyone does it anyway though, so in that
             | sense it works.
        
             | unfocussed_mike wrote:
             | AMD isn't a comparable business for this list, because it
             | no longer has fab facilities. That was spun off to
             | GlobalFoundries.
        
           | otherotherchris wrote:
           | It's somewhat complementary to their Israeli fab business.
           | 
           | They may also think having a multibillion dollar fab
           | investment next to the Golan Heights is safer than having one
           | next to the Gaza strip. -\\_(tsu)_/-
        
             | Fatnino wrote:
             | Just how big do you think Israel is that you expect there
             | to be a location not "near" Hamas or Hezbollah controlled
             | territory?
        
               | HideousKojima wrote:
               | "Near" and "Near but not within rocket/artillery range"
               | are significant differences though.
        
               | Fatnino wrote:
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_rocket_attack
               | s_o...
        
             | selectodude wrote:
             | There's a lot more water in the Golan Heights, which is
             | really why Israel decided to take it over in the first
             | place.
        
               | daniel-cussen wrote:
               | Water is crucially important to fabs, true. But get real,
               | water is important for everything in Israel, and why it
               | had strategic value to warrant annexing it after the
               | whole--the whole war that happened, the casus bellum of
               | which cannot be done justice in short comments like this.
        
               | throwaway894345 wrote:
               | The parent said Israel took over Golan Heights for its
               | water, not "...for its water _for fabs_ ".
        
             | sharikous wrote:
             | Israel is so small that according to your definition of
             | "next" everything has to be "next" to the Gaza Strip, the
             | Golan Heights and the West Bank, and also to Lebanon, Syria
             | Egypt and Jordan for good measure.
             | 
             | Seriously, Tower is far away from the Golan Heights in the
             | Israeli sense. It is however in the Galilee (big Arab
             | population) and "near" the West Bank.
             | 
             | I think the closeness to the Technion university and to
             | Intel's partners factories (KLA Temcor...) is a much more
             | significant factoid
        
             | throwaway4good wrote:
             | Yeah, yeah. A bit to chat about when Pat Gelsinger roams
             | about thrashing TSMC for having their fabs at an insecure
             | location.
        
               | nisegami wrote:
               | Kinda spooky how much of the cutting edge semiconductor
               | fabs are in disputed territories...
        
               | syshum wrote:
               | they are purposely built their for Geo-political reasons,
               | to ensure those area's stay "disputed"
        
               | throwaway4good wrote:
               | The "geopolitics" is played up as the US now needs an
               | excuse for aggressive industrial policies aiming to move
               | jobs from "allieds" such as South Korea and Taiwan and
               | back into the US.
               | 
               | Pat Gelsinger panders to this as he eyes a windfall for
               | his business, so much that it is getting harsh reactions
               | from Taiwan:
               | 
               | Intel CEO: Taiwan Isn't a Stable Place. TSMC Founder Has
               | Other Concerns
               | 
               | https://techtaiwan.com/20211207/gelsinger-intel-taiwan/
        
               | xadhominemx wrote:
               | Completely absurd comment. Israel is a minnow in the
               | semiconductor manufacturing industry and many fabs are
               | located in Taiwan because Taiwanese people invented the
               | foundry business.
        
               | Aromasin wrote:
               | I disagree. Israel is unique in terms of it's human
               | capital. Tech companies have locations there for the same
               | reasons they have locations in Oxford and Cambridge in
               | the UK. There are 135 per 10,000 people employed as
               | engineers there, compared to the next closest which is
               | the US at 70 per 10k. That would already be a unique draw
               | for Intel, if it weren't for the original reason they set
               | up shop there; Dov Frohman. He was the first GM at Intel
               | (also the inventor of EPROM), and wanted to relocate
               | there to accept a Professorship. They didn't want to lose
               | him, so they agreed to let him open an R&D lab there.
               | This ended up being a huge success (they designed the
               | 8087 there) and they continued to grow on that success,
               | to the point where Intel is now the largest private
               | employer in Israel.
               | 
               | I recommend Asianometry's video essay on Intel's success
               | in Israel:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3lEgJQgAw3g&t=894s
               | 
               | He also covers the rise of such silicon manufacturing in
               | Taiwan - which I also disagree on it being geo-
               | politically motivated, with it being successful long
               | before it's national identity came under threat from
               | mainland China.
        
               | throwaway4good wrote:
               | I think the issue of "how to reunite the rogue republic
               | of Taiwan with the motherland" predates silicon
               | manufactoring in Taiwan by a few years :-D
        
               | emteycz wrote:
               | Or the disputed places make unusual investments due to
               | their status?
        
               | shashashasha___ wrote:
               | that area is not considered disputed at all. there is a
               | difference between insecure and disputed or maybe I'm
               | getting it wrong?
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | MangoCoffee wrote:
           | Intel is paying for a foot into the foundry business door.
           | 
           | https://ir.towerjazz.com/static-
           | files/fc758c75-c7fd-4f87-9d1...
           | 
           | looking at the latest report. Tower is like TSMC for
           | specialty chip. i think this will be great if Intel want to
           | go all in on IDM 2.0
        
           | mmmBacon wrote:
           | These technologies are key to certain high speed
           | applications. As we move from monolithic devices to MCMs with
           | lots of high-speed IO these technologies will be important.
        
       | graderjs wrote:
       | Scooped you by 21 hours:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30344944
       | 
       | I think this comment will be downvoted, but just want to run the
       | experiment to be sure. I'll delete if so .. No worries.
        
         | ant6n wrote:
         | You'll be downvoted for talking about downvoting (just as I
         | will be). Just avoid.
        
           | graderjs wrote:
           | No I think it's helpful in these cases where I'm just trying
           | to learn about the community.
           | 
           | Heh, we probably ought to avoid _continuing_ to talk about
           | and make a thread about it here :)
           | 
           | But maybe there's some useful distinctions to be made. I
           | think the times where's it's bad is if I go, "Don't
           | downvote..." or "Downvotes are idiots" or whatever...Here I'm
           | just honestly being like, I think this will be a "low value"
           | comment and I'm happy to remove it, but I'm not entirely sure
           | so I want to check. I think that's useful to make it clear
           | and transparent.
           | 
           | Actually I'm surprised it got upvoted. I thought people would
           | take issue with me saying "I was there first"...but anyway, I
           | learned something. Yay :)
        
             | ginko wrote:
             | I downvoted you because I do think your comment does add
             | little to the discussion other than "I posted it first!",
             | which isn't all that interesting all things considered. It
             | just seems bitter.
        
               | graderjs wrote:
               | That's what I thought people would feel, and why I said I
               | thought it would be downvoted. But thanks for letting me
               | that's what you think anyway!
               | 
               | I don't like to admit it because of how silly and weak I
               | think it looks, but, yep I did feel it was unfair and I
               | was showing a little bitterness there--correctly
               | identified, ginko!--I felt sad about it, like "why no
               | upvotes for me?"--but also posted it with a goodnatured
               | thing too, like "I scooped you! But you got the votes!"
               | which can always be a dynamic with news scoops. It was
               | both, you know. And I don't really _think_ it 's unfair,
               | because it's basically random how a post gets up. Plus,
               | Haaretz has a paywall, maybe that contributes too...But
               | you always wonder, you know...heh :) Thanks for adding to
               | my shame there, ginko :<...
               | 
               | edit: Oh, I see you got downvoted. Poor you. That's very
               | meta.
               | 
               | edit 2: Ooh, I see the original post has been flagged. I
               | definitely think we should stop talking about it now,
               | heh! OMG let's stop please! :)
        
               | smoldesu wrote:
               | You're not exactly Babe Ruth calling the shot on this
               | one. If you post something that isn't intellectually
               | gratifying and purely petty, then yes, you're going to be
               | downvoted on Hacker News.
               | 
               | If you posted something along the lines of "Here's the
               | version that isn't paywalled" or "this article has a more
               | interesting analysis", people wouldn't have dogpiled you.
               | Instead, you buried the lede and mentioned some pseudo-
               | experiment, which isn't going to get a lot of traction
               | around here. If you want to endlessly fight with people
               | over attribution credits and updoot points, you'd
               | probably get a real kick out of Reddit.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | graderjs wrote:
               | Interesting...
               | 
               | "Babe Ruth's called shot."
               | 
               | Heh, no not in this case :). I thought it was going to
               | get downvoted quickly, but it didn't. _edit:_ I see that
               | finally it has hit 0, after many hours. So, I guess I
               | _was_ , _similar to_ , Babe Ruth calling the shot, here.
               | Heh :)
               | 
               | It was a real experiment, not pseudo.
               | 
               | Agree about the intellectually gratifying, and your
               | alternative suggestions are good. I was considering
               | something like that too (thought I posted in a reply, but
               | I edited it out).
               | 
               | It wasn't purely petty, as I said, sportsmanlike. Is
               | feeling something unfair, or feeling sad about something,
               | petty? I don't think so, I think it's just normal...but
               | like I said, I feel it's embarrassing to admit in this
               | case, because it seems silly to me. But I guess...well I
               | do care about it, so I guess it can't be that silly.
               | 
               | It wasn't fighting...not at all.
               | 
               | And I don't think people 'dogpiled' -- just sharing their
               | perspective and/or trying to teach me something. And I
               | learned something. So that's good. 'Dogpiled' is
               | interesting, haven't heard that term before...
               | 
               | Wouldn't say I buried the lede, because there were only 3
               | parts to the post: link, scoop and experiment, and enough
               | people saw it to get it many more upvotes...
               | 
               | Heh, you do seem to find a lot to disagree about,
               | misrepresent, or take issue and criticize there (not sure
               | exactly how to describe what you do above)...could it
               | maybe be you who was looking to fight? I honestly don't
               | feel like that, so please let's not continue. Peace,
               | please? I would love that :)
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | MichaelApproved wrote:
         | Since you're conducting an experiment, I'll provide my
         | feedback. Usually I'd downvote a simple comment talking about
         | being first to post but you also provided a link to the
         | previous discussion which I thought was worth upvoting.
         | 
         | Regarding the talk of downvotes, I'd usually downvote for all
         | the classic reasons but you turned it into an experiment which
         | will spark discussion, so that's an extra reason to upvote.
         | 
         | I take my upvote/downvote powers very seriously. Or maybe a bit
         | too seriously?
         | 
         | Edit: after making this comment I clicked and saw your post got
         | no comments, so I must now consider it to be a "simple" comment
         | with little value.
         | 
         | Hmmmm. I guess I'll just take back my upvote but refrain from
         | downvoting.
        
           | graderjs wrote:
           | Hehe, thank you for the comprehensive thinking portrayal. I
           | really like that. I also take the down/upvotes thing
           | seriously. And when I first got the power really didn't want
           | to use it to down people even if they were really mean or I
           | really disagreed. I try to upvote people who add information
           | or a good feeling, but I still rarely downvote. At first I
           | rarely upvoted as well...but now a lot more.
        
       | chrisjc wrote:
       | > manufactures integrated circuits using specialty process
       | technologies, including SiGe, BiCMOS, SOI, mixed-signal and
       | RFCMOS, CMOS image sensors, non-imaging sensors, power
       | management, and non-volatile memory
       | 
       | Aren't these the kinds of technologies used to produce the kinds
       | of chips that are in great shortage atm?
       | 
       | Or perhaps a better way of stating what I'm trying to say is...
       | aren't these the kinds of technologies that could be used to
       | produce chips that can replace those that are in great shortage
       | atm?
       | 
       | Not as dependent on highly advanced lithography machinery from
       | the likes of ASML, but not so ancient as those that have recently
       | stopped churning out the same basic chips after 20-30 years.
        
         | mastax wrote:
         | Yes. On the investor call one of the points was that Intel's
         | cash would allow tower to expand and modernize its old 150mm
         | and 200mm fabs, and to expand PMIC production enough to be
         | competitive in that market.
        
       | comboy wrote:
       | For anyone interested in the topic of semiconductors industry
       | this channel provides some great info and explanations:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbkFAO1oUu8
        
         | recuter wrote:
         | Also recommend https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3lEgJQgAw3g
        
           | ckozlowski wrote:
           | I was coming here to post this actually, as they had a little
           | snippet at the end about Tower as well. Great channel.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | nickpeterson wrote:
       | Intel will succeed as long as it isn't grossly mismanaged simply
       | because the US government needs them to succeed. I'm also
       | surprised they don't pressure Apple to start building fabs in the
       | US as well considering they own the entire stack now.
        
         | jcranmer wrote:
         | Apple doesn't fab chips itself; those come from TSMC... who are
         | building fabs in the US now.
        
           | nickpeterson wrote:
           | I kind of expect Apple to start fabbing chips eventually.
        
         | Hamuko wrote:
         | I'd foresee Apple ordering chips from Intel Foundry Services'
         | new US fabs before Apple actually building their own fabs.
         | Although AFAIK, IFS fabs do not yet compete in the same nodes
         | as TSMC.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | spupe wrote:
       | Intel has a clear strategy of becoming a big player in the
       | semiconductor industry in the next decade. I honestly think it
       | will work. Many people have observed that it is a cash-intensive
       | industry with tiny margins, but once these huge investments have
       | been made and there are only two or three companies that can
       | dominate the market for five to ten years, you can extract huge
       | value before any competitor catches up.
        
         | the-dude wrote:
         | This comment could have been written 50 years ago.
        
           | yvdriess wrote:
           | Compare the number of players with leading edge fabs then and
           | now though.
        
             | cogman10 wrote:
             | Yup, the major change has been the capital to get new fabs
             | off the ground has become unimaginable. TSMC is practically
             | the only game in town for chip manufactures ATM, everyone
             | else that will fab 3rd party designs is way behind.
             | 
             | GlobalFoundries state of the art, for example, is a 12nm
             | process. TSMC sits at 5nm, about 4 generations ahead.
        
               | duped wrote:
               | There are trillions of dollars in capital floating around
               | looking for a better place to park it than treasuries.
               | Major infrastructural projects like semi fabs should be a
               | no brainer - the risk is not that high due to evergrowing
               | demand and the trust that governments won't let an Intel
               | or TSMC fail.
               | 
               | Even just look at the VC landscape - there was $621
               | billion spent in venture capital globally last year,
               | which is one of the worst ways to invest your cash.
               | 
               | Point being there's plenty of capital out there for giant
               | projects like building fabs, I just don't think it's sexy
               | enough yet or the financiers haven't taken a deep enough
               | look while governments are expected to make the first
               | moves.
        
             | kken wrote:
             | There were no players without fabs back then.
        
           | smoldesu wrote:
           | And they still would have been right?
        
         | mhh__ wrote:
         | > becoming a big player
         | 
         | Are you saying they aren't a big player now?
        
           | m_mueller wrote:
           | Gartner puts them at Nr. 2 in 2021 after Samsung Electronics.
           | However it should be noted that for Intel this seems to
           | include total Revenue while for others it seems to be just
           | their pure semiconductor revenue. If Intel were to sell their
           | chip manufacturing as a subsidiary to themselves at market
           | price, that subsidiary probably would be way further down the
           | list.
        
           | throwaway4good wrote:
           | Wouldn't this require them to start making SOCs for mobile
           | phones?
        
             | throwaway4good wrote:
             | In other words producing for chip designers such as Apple,
             | Qualcomm, or Samsung.
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | US-based TSMC.
               | 
               | They have a good chance of succeeding. They are likely to
               | get a lot of government help.
               | 
               | They'll probably start with older systems, as there's
               | already a huge need for these, and they have a gazillion
               | existing fabs. It won't compete with their current lines,
               | and means they don't need to mothball their legacy fabs.
        
               | unfocussed_mike wrote:
               | > They are likely to get a lot of government help.
               | 
               | Indeed -- the not so subtle subtext of their pitch is _"
               | China, eh? Have fun with that."_. So a pitch based on the
               | idea that it's strategically important to bring that chip
               | manufacturing "home".
               | 
               | Which is why they picked Israel. /s
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | _> Which is why they picked Israel._
               | 
               | Well, there's a lot of history in that relationship.
               | 
               | Israel really does have some of the finest scientists and
               | engineers in the world -partly thanks to the antisemitism
               | of a lot of other nations.
               | 
               | I have a feeling that Israel (and Iran) have the
               | potential to completely transform the Mideast, but all
               | that fighting is keeping that from happening. If they
               | ever started to work in cooperation with some of their
               | neighbors, we'd see a new power bloc emerge.
               | 
               | If they ever actually have a real, lasting peace, out
               | there, the rest of the world had better hang on, as every
               | single one of those nations would _love_ to not have to
               | be dependent on some superpower.
        
               | unfocussed_mike wrote:
               | Yes. I guess what I meant is that there could be an
               | element of the strategic in the choice, particularly for
               | a business that seeks government money in the near future
               | if the US House of Representatives does swing back to GOP
               | control.
               | 
               | Though Tower Semi are clearly _enormously_ capable, so it
               | 's hardly a bad acquisition, even absent seeking access
               | to a pot of money with a strategic aspect to it.
        
               | yyyk wrote:
               | >Well, there's a lot of history in that relationship.
               | 
               | The Israel branch basically saved Intel when NetBurst
               | failed completely - at the time Intel was behind as much
               | as today.
        
               | recuter wrote:
               | > I have a feeling that Israel (and Iran) have the
               | potential to completely transform the Mideast, but all
               | that fighting is keeping that from happening. If they
               | ever started to work in cooperation with some of their
               | neighbors, we'd see a new power bloc emerge.
               | 
               | That's exactly what is happening. The emerging power
               | block in the Middle East is Israel+Arab States vs Iran
               | with Turkey playing its own game.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Accords
               | 
               | An Ayatollah free Iran has huge potential, very true.
               | There are reasons for cautious optimism. None of this has
               | anything to do with Intel/Tower however.
               | 
               | The Intel presence in Israel goes back generations and
               | Tower is a cheap and obvious pickup for them.
        
               | ac29 wrote:
               | Qualcomm is a customer for IFS:
               | https://www.anandtech.com/show/16846/intels-first-
               | highprofil...
               | 
               | Samsung has their own fabs, and I suspect Apple will
               | manufacture with whoever has the most advanced process
               | (so, TSMC for the next couple years at least).
        
               | jabl wrote:
               | Intel Foundry Services (IFS) is marketing themselves as
               | the only fab capable of producing all three of x86, Arm,
               | and RISC-V.
               | 
               | Back when Intel had a process advantage over everybody
               | else I guess it made strategic sense for them to not let
               | others use their process. Now when that process lead is
               | gone, refusing to fab chips for non-x86 ISA's just means
               | those customers will go elsewhere.
        
               | throwaway81523 wrote:
               | > Intel Foundry Services (IFS) is marketing themselves as
               | the only fab capable of producing all three of x86, Arm,
               | and RISC-V.
               | 
               | Capable? From the fab point of view, all three of those
               | are just rectangles.
        
               | sanxiyn wrote:
               | I mean, same rectangles won't work for different
               | foundries. It is saying we have these IP cores tested and
               | working with the process.
        
               | jabl wrote:
               | This, and also the licensing question. Intel has said
               | they will license x86 cores for use in 3rd party
               | SoC's/chiplets, but maybe only if you use IFS.
        
               | codys wrote:
               | That sounds a lot like a tying arrangement, which could
               | be unlawful under US anti-trust laws.
        
               | ginko wrote:
               | > Intel Foundry Services (IFS) is marketing themselves as
               | the only fab capable of producing all three of x86, Arm,
               | and RISC-V.
               | 
               | TSMC is producing all of these. Not like the architecture
               | matters from a foundry POV anyways.
        
               | jabl wrote:
               | TSMC is producing some x86 cpu's for Intel. I think what
               | they're saying here is that they will license x86 cores
               | for integrating into 3rd party SoC's/chiplets, but only
               | if you use IFS.
        
               | ginko wrote:
               | They're also producing all x86 CPUs for AMD.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jabl wrote:
               | Yes [1]? The argument is about whether Intel refuses to
               | license their processor designs to 3rd parties to be
               | fabbed in any random fab.
               | 
               | [1] Evidently the x86 cross licensing deals between AMD
               | and Intel doesn't preclude AMD from using 3rd party fabs.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | As far as I'm aware, all current Intel x86 CPUs are Intel
               | fab-only, although
               | https://www.tomshardware.com/uk/news/intel-to-outsource-
               | some... suggests that TSMC x86 CPUs might come out in
               | 2023.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | kken wrote:
         | >f becoming a big player in the semiconductor industry in the
         | next decade
         | 
         | Did you mean
         | 
         | "a big player in the semiconductor _foundry_ industry in the
         | next decade" ?
         | 
         | Intel has been the biggest semi player for most years during
         | the last three decades.
        
         | mmmBacon wrote:
         | Where do you get that the profit margins are tiny? TSMC has a
         | net profit margin of 38%; that's higher than Google (27%).
        
         | Shadonototra wrote:
         | They don't have a strategy, they react to their downfall and
         | are rushing to find a solution
         | 
         | They are lucky the pandemic happened, it gave them the
         | opportunity to take a step back and realize how screwed they
         | are
        
       | gigatexal wrote:
       | Is this Intel's PASemi moment or something entirely different?
       | 
       | Remember PASemi were the folks Apple bought that gave us the A
       | series chips and made Apple the chip powerhouse it is today.
        
         | sanxiyn wrote:
         | I think it's entirely different. Tower is a specialty foundry.
        
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