[HN Gopher] The "misinformation problem" seems like misinformation
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The "misinformation problem" seems like misinformation
        
       Author : dtjb
       Score  : 206 points
       Date   : 2022-02-15 14:06 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.slowboring.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.slowboring.com)
        
       | aftbit wrote:
       | >I think the only sensible thing to say about all this is that
       | discerning the truth is hard, and it requires debate and dissent.
       | Functional expert communities and well-run journalism
       | institutions are open to new information, to changing their
       | minds, and to correcting the record. But that process doesn't
       | work if the fact-check squad slaps a "misinformation" label on
       | you for saying the CDC is wrong about masks.
       | 
       | I just wanted to highlight this part really quickly. IMO this is
       | one of the most concerning things to come out of this epidemic of
       | misinformation. We have allowed a handful of for-profit companies
       | to build a system for determining what is true or false. I
       | suppose this isn't meaningfully different than the world before
       | the internet, but that's a huge wasted potential.
        
       | BikiniPrince wrote:
       | I thought this might be a humor piece. The author talks about how
       | misinformation is not terrible and how he is well informed. Then
       | he goes on to make a lot of statements that are wrong or colored
       | with bias. This is funny and sad!
        
       | softwarebeware wrote:
       | IMO the author displays confirmation bias in the post. He doesn't
       | think about the effects of a higher availability information with
       | a lower ability to seek out other contradicting points of view.
       | If you're deluged with carefully chosen factual information,
       | that's more convincing than outright lies. And this is often the
       | situation we are in more often than not these days. Along with an
       | inability to spot logical fallacies in lines of reasoning.
        
         | dathinab wrote:
         | we have higher ability to seek out contradicting views.
         | 
         | just most humans nerver do so
         | 
         | they at most look for badly done cintradicting arguments to
         | confirm their few
        
         | RIMR wrote:
         | We are talking about Matthew Yglesias. Confirmation bias is
         | basically his entire brand.
        
         | giantrobot wrote:
         | Not all contradicting points of view are created equal. Just
         | because someone can make up a contradicting position doesn't
         | mean it's got any relevance or merit. Couching a meritless
         | position in pseudoscience doesn't make it any better.
         | 
         | The problem we too often see is people, mass media especially,
         | trying to appear "fair" by airing statistically
         | unrepresentative positions just because they are contrary to
         | some mainstream position. There's not two equal sides to all
         | positions. Even when there _are_ two (multiple) sides not all
         | of them have statistically significant representation or are
         | equally rigorous.
         | 
         | Just because I'm not seeking out arguments claiming COVID
         | vaccines have 5G or the Earth is flat doesn't mean I have a
         | lower ability to seek out contrary opinions. It just means I've
         | got some basic scientific literacy and a bullshit filter.
        
         | danans wrote:
         | > If you're deluged with carefully chosen factual information,
         | that's more convincing than outright lies.
         | 
         | I think it's exactly the opposite. It's far easier to convince
         | with outright lies than with carefully chosen facts, because
         | those lies are crafted to match what you _want_ to believe.
         | That 's what false conspiracy theories are born of.
         | 
         | Everyone is subject to that bias, even people that consider
         | themselves highly logical.
         | 
         | It starts becoming a problem when it is manipulated to channel
         | broadly held but not expressed resentments.
         | 
         | This is common in ethnically fractured developing societies,
         | where a rumor about something someone in group x did to someone
         | in group y could turn into a coup or war, but it seems that
         | developed societies are no longer immune either.
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | > He doesn't think about the effects of a higher availability
         | information with a lower ability to seek out other
         | contradicting points of view.
         | 
         | This is a baffling claim. Why on earth would you believe that
         | people now have a lower ability to seek out contradicting
         | points of view?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | mint2 wrote:
           | most americans live insular suburban lives in their bubble
           | and when they get doses of current events they are
           | algorithmically fed confirmation bias and especially
           | confirmation bid that arouses them to click/engage. I.e
           | tabloidizing the cherry picked facts that then framed with
           | the biases that poke the viewers buttons.
        
             | civilized wrote:
             | None of that changes the fact that it's easier than ever to
             | seek out contradicting points of view. People just don't
             | want to.
             | 
             | The algorithms feed people stuff that confirms their
             | beliefs because that's what they like.
             | 
             | It's all about preferences and choices, not ability.
        
               | mint2 wrote:
               | We shouldn't try to fix obesity, smoking, enforce
               | seatbelts, gangs, local pollution, etc because all those
               | are personal choices to live near or partake in?
        
               | civilized wrote:
               | Try to help as you wish, but describe the problem
               | accurately. And understand that the people you are trying
               | to help may resist you because you are interfering in
               | their choices.
               | 
               | Some people passionately want to keep drugs like fentanyl
               | out of the country. Others think it's impractical and
               | efforts have done more harm than good. Still others say
               | "hand them a clean needle".
               | 
               | Messing with the choices people make that you think are
               | bad for them isn't easy.
        
               | mint2 wrote:
               | I think you meant: > Messing with the choices people make
               | that scientists, sociologists, and 9 out of 10 dentists
               | think are bad for them and society as a whole isn't easy.
               | 
               | I guess that my more appropriate and more relevant
               | corrected version of the statement didnt sound like it
               | supported the point so the original was phrased as if
               | it's my own non expert opinion that smoking causes
               | cancer.
               | 
               | fentanyl? Are you saying that should be unregulated and
               | freely purchasable at the local 7/11 or are you saying it
               | should be regulated even although some people choose to
               | do it?
               | 
               | Either way I'm not really sure how that supports the
               | older points about people technically but not practically
               | having the option to avoid misinformation means society
               | should ignore misinformation as it's "a personal choice"
        
           | svachalek wrote:
           | Which profit driven advertising based search engine or
           | newsfeed is built around delivering contradicting points of
           | view?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | civilized wrote:
             | Replace "profit driven such-and-such" with "print
             | newspaper" and the rhetorical question works equally well.
             | 
             | I think the worst you can say against social media is that
             | it feeds you low-quality highly-partisan sources if you
             | seem to like such sources. But your ability to seek out
             | better or contradicting information is not diminished. If
             | anything it is far greater than it has ever been. "Stuff
             | that is against $my_favorite_belief" is a Google search
             | away. Wikipedia alone will usually give you a fairly
             | balanced treatment of a topic with extensive references to
             | diverse perspectives and evidence.
        
       | beecafe wrote:
       | Misinformation is just due to people and organizations attempting
       | to act optimally. If you don't embrace it, you'll be crushed by
       | those who have.
        
         | zwieback wrote:
         | So true. Misinformation is a misnomer, it's not something that
         | exists in opposition of information and shouldn't be compared.
         | Like you say misinformation is something people use to achieve
         | their goals.
        
       | standardUser wrote:
       | "...but you can find super-informed people on both sides of the
       | question. That's why it's a live debate."
       | 
       | It's just rhetoric. Anything can become a debate, such as who won
       | the 2020 presidential election, if one side is willing to make up
       | facts and repeat them over and over. Proponents of the Big Lie
       | are super-informed, insofar as they have a lot of lies they can
       | say with a straight face that act as stand-ins for actual
       | information. And if they keep asserting those lies, the other
       | side is forced to respond, hence a debate. There is still no
       | merit to the Big Lie, but now it must be discussed as if there
       | was. THAT is why there is a live debate.
       | 
       | And then there is this nonsense: "overall political climate was
       | much more right-wing in the 1990s."
       | 
       | That is so outrageously false I'm not sure why anyone is supposed
       | to think this person is worth reading. Just think of how many
       | mainstream politicians will swear up and down that the election
       | was stolen in 2020. I guess if you pretend "right wing" is about
       | policy you could craft a convoluted argument that today's
       | Republicans are less conservative (as the author does), but
       | that's not what the right wing is about. The right wing is about
       | the Big Lie, it's about illiberalism, it's about demonizing the
       | media and institutions and political opponents - all the policy
       | stuff is just window dressing.
        
         | PathOfEclipse wrote:
         | I don't think that's what the right wing is about at all. All
         | the conservative pundits I listen to think Trump behaved
         | disgracefully after the election and that there is still no
         | evidence of sufficient voter irregularities to turn the
         | election.
         | 
         | Many still believe it's a major problem that states like
         | Pennsylvania violated their own laws during the election, which
         | should be illegal, but handling that is a separate issue. Many
         | also believe it's a problem that our election processes are so
         | insecure and that we need more election security. That's
         | separate from believing the 2020 election was stolen in the
         | sense that provably illegal voting activity swung the election.
        
           | standardUser wrote:
           | I'm not asserting every single conservative fits this mold,
           | or that you can't cherry-pick pundits who still play fair.
           | But most of what the right wing is oriented around today is
           | attacking the free press, stifling public education, making
           | voting more difficult for urban citizens and pretending,
           | loudly and constantly, that the last election was stolen.
           | 
           | Where are the policy proposals? What major legislation did
           | conservatives pass during the previous Republican
           | administration when they had a trifecta? What was the
           | Republican Party platform in 2020? And why is the RNC
           | choosing not to allow a debate in 2024? This is not a party
           | with lots of ideas ready to fight for the hearts and minds of
           | voters.
        
             | PathOfEclipse wrote:
             | Yes, and I'm asserting that 90+% of conservatives don't fit
             | the mold you are casting. That was the point of my
             | response. You can find crazies on both sides of the
             | political aisle.
             | 
             | One of trump's failures is that he isn't a good statesman
             | and so failed to unite his own party, which caused a lot of
             | failures in the legislative process as people like John
             | McCain voted against him just because they hated him. I
             | sincerely wish Trump doesn't run in 2024, not because I
             | think he would do worse than Biden (he would have been 100x
             | better than Biden), but because his greatest strengths are
             | also his biggest flaws, and I don't think he can lead the
             | country effectively.
             | 
             | The general platform of conservatives is: "this is the
             | greatest civilization in history we've inherited. Please
             | stop screwing it up so badly!" That may be different from
             | the RNC platform, but Republicans at least align with
             | conservative values more closely than democrats, so we
             | don't have much choice but to vote for them. Unfortunately,
             | conservatives have rarely been dominant even within the
             | Republican party, and many anti-conservative measures have
             | been perpetrated by Republican presidents.
             | 
             | I agree we need new and better ideas to go mainstream in
             | the party, though not that these ideas don't exist. Among
             | the weaknesses of the Republican party in the past decade
             | have been the unwillingness of the party elites to sense
             | the times and pay attention to their constituents or to the
             | looming culture wars.
             | 
             | As it is most of the time, the strongest argument to vote
             | for a party is not that that party is great, but that the
             | other party is worse. I have no solution for that.
        
               | jamincan wrote:
               | Doesn't a majority of Republican voters believe the 2021
               | election was stolen?
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/us-
               | news/2021/may/24/republicans-...
        
               | bavell wrote:
               | The poll you are citing looks like it asked if
               | Republicans thought trump was the "true president". I
               | could see a lot of republicans responding flippantly just
               | to poke fun and see some feathers get ruffled.
               | 
               | Also, N = ~750 Republicans polled over 2 days but they
               | extrapolate the results to the entire country? Not
               | exactly rigorous science here.
        
               | standardUser wrote:
               | Polling consistently shows that the _majority_ of
               | Republican voters do not think Biden won the 2020
               | election. In my mind, that proves your theory false. A
               | recent UMass poll found that 71% of Republicans think
               | Biden 's election was definitely (46%) or probably (25%)
               | not legitimate. In an Ipsos poll last year, 53% of
               | Republicans when asked who "the true President is right
               | now" said Donald Trump. There are dozens of polls showing
               | the exact same thing.
               | 
               | You're also ignoring the 147 elected members of Congress
               | that voted against certifying the election results, and
               | the countless mainstream conservatives politicians and
               | pundits who are constantly promoting provably false
               | conspiracy theories, and not just the Big Lie, often it's
               | even far more nonsensical garbage. This is _not_ a fringe
               | movement, this is the mainstream Republican Party.
        
               | JTrilogy wrote:
               | I don't think the stats agree with you. A December 2021
               | poll by UMass Amherst showed only 21% of Republicans
               | thought Biden's election was legitimate[1] and 54% blamed
               | the Jan6 violence on Democrats or the Capitol Police.[2]
               | 
               | The numbers are almost the same when broken up by
               | ideology (conservative/independant/liberal) instead of
               | party affiliation.
               | 
               | It's not an issue of "crazies on both sides" --
               | mainstream conservative views of recent events are
               | detached from reality. There's a pipeline of
               | misinformation that starts with white nationalists, runs
               | through InfoWars and their ilk, and eventually leads to
               | OANN and Fox News. Keeping the audience's attention is
               | the top priority, so facts matter less than feelings.
               | 
               | [1]: https://polsci.umass.edu/toplines-and-crosstabs-
               | december-202... [2]: https://polsci.umass.edu/sites/defau
               | lt/files/Jan6thAnniversa... (page 5)
        
               | PathOfEclipse wrote:
               | And the majority of young adults in 2016 thought Trump
               | was illegitimate: https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-
               | news/majority-young-american...
               | 
               | I don't, however, take either poll seriously. Also, the
               | word "illegitimate" can be interpreted multiple ways. One
               | meaning is "not genuine". Many Republicans are unhappy
               | with, among other things:
               | 
               | * the shameful lying and misinformation spread by
               | corporate media outlets during election season. These
               | organizations outright lied and just didn't care. The
               | ends justified the means:
               | https://www.foxnews.com/media/cnn-staffer-networks-trump-
               | off...
               | 
               | * Shameful outsized influence and suppression of stories
               | by big tech. For instance, The Hunter Biden story got
               | completely quashed by Twitter. It turns out the story is
               | mostly true and could have affected the election. There
               | is significant evidence that Joe Biden was involved in
               | corrupt deals as well. In a more just world, Biden would
               | probably be out of office and in jail:
               | https://news.yahoo.com/might-not-hunter-biden-
               | shenanigans-08....
               | 
               | * Corrupt influence by wealthy democrats like Mark
               | Zuckerburg, who spent millions to potentially influence
               | the outcome of the election: https://bbc-
               | edition.com/entertainment/the-2020-election-wasn...
               | 
               | * States like Pennsylvania and Wisconsin breaking their
               | own laws at election time.
               | 
               | They are plenty of ways to justify using the word
               | "illegitimate" without claiming anything overtly illegal
               | was done to successfully change the results of the
               | election.
               | 
               |  _It's not an issue of "crazies on both sides" --
               | mainstream conservative views of recent events are
               | detached from reality. There's a pipeline of
               | misinformation that starts with white nationalists, runs
               | through InfoWars and their ilk, and eventually leads to
               | OANN and Fox News_
               | 
               | I don't follow Fox News or Infowars, but I know of
               | numerous examples of lies and misinformation coming from
               | NYT, WaPo, CNN, NBC, NPR, and so on. Maybe both sides
               | peddle in misinformation. Maybe one side peddles in it a
               | lot more than the other. I'm going to need to see more
               | than this UMass poll to convince me that it's the
               | republican side that's the bigger problem.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | Hillary Clinton thought Donald Trump's election was
               | "illegitimate", does that mean she's a "crazy"? What is a
               | "legitimate" election anyway? Does it require a certain
               | level of participation, imply a certain bound on
               | fraudulent voting, limits on intimidation, or perhaps
               | propaganda, or maybe it just means that the winner of the
               | popular vote carried the day?
               | 
               | If you ask a vague question, the answer isn't meaningful.
               | 
               | https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/hillary-clinton-
               | trum...
        
           | fortuna86 wrote:
           | > disgracefully
           | 
           | Amazing all the words that some come up with to discount what
           | was a violent attempt at staying in power after losing an
           | election.
        
             | PathOfEclipse wrote:
             | It was just one word, actually. And, as we are learning
             | now, Hillary Clinton's team paid to infiltrate into
             | whitehouse servers as part of efforts to delegitimize
             | Trump's election: https://www.dailywire.com/news/bombshell-
             | clinton-campaign-pa...
             | 
             | We also know now that the russian collusion hoax was
             | entirely fabricated by Hillary's team:
             | https://nypost.com/2021/11/04/the-real-collusion-was-the-
             | cre...
             | 
             | I don't agree with what Trump did, but what he did was rile
             | up a crowd of people that had zero capability of actually
             | usurping the government, and then waited too long to ask
             | them to leave after they went too far. Politicians on both
             | sides do worse things than that all the time, including our
             | friend Hillary. What she did was worse and far more
             | diabolical, and helped undermine our democracy for four
             | years. What Trump did was to just provide fodder for the
             | democrat party to milk for 2 years in hopes of it saving
             | them from a coming midterm election sweep.
             | 
             | Our government was under zero actual threat on that day.
             | Even the left's own polling shows that moderates aren't
             | buying their narrative: https://www.dailywire.com/news/cbs-
             | buries-poll-results-showi...
        
               | cgriswald wrote:
               | Your argument is that Trump attempted a coup and failed
               | to interrupt it, but that is okay because it wasn't a
               | _serious_ coup and other corruption exists.
        
               | PathOfEclipse wrote:
               | I am legitimately not convinced he was attempting a coup.
               | I am willing to admit I am wrong on this. I've read
               | accounts from leftwing media sources and from their
               | wording it sounds like what Trump did was really bad.
               | I've read accounts from rightwing sources and from their
               | wording it doesn't sound bad at all. I have not done a
               | great deal to try to reconcile the two and decide where
               | the truth lies.
               | 
               | Right now, I believe Trump legitimately thought the
               | election was stolen and he wanted Pence to de-certify the
               | election to give time for his lawsuits to go through the
               | courts and show the evidence of the fraud. I absolutely
               | do not think Trump was in any way encouraging people to
               | riot in the capitol, much less stage a coup. I also
               | believe that no such fraud was ever found. If I am wrong,
               | let me see the evidence.
        
           | ZeroGravitas wrote:
           | Does "more election security" mean less black people voting?
           | 
           | I mean the Republican party has argued in court that it
           | should be legal for them to prevent black democrats from
           | voting as long as it targets them as Democrat voters, rather
           | than by race, so it's not like this is a big secret
           | conspiracy or anything.
           | 
           | https://www.aclu.org/other/oppose-voter-id-legislation-
           | fact-...
        
             | PathOfEclipse wrote:
             | Thomas Sowell has been debunking the "disparate outcome
             | means racism" fallacy for decades. I wish more people were
             | listening. He's the most underrated genius of his time.
             | 
             | https://www.amazon.com/Discrimination-Disparities-Thomas-
             | Sow...
             | 
             | In short, if voter ID laws cause some groups of people to
             | vote less than others, that doesn't make the law
             | discriminatory or make the law bad. Scanning over this ACLU
             | article, I see nothing to convince me that voter ID laws
             | are bad. Many of us here are programmers and understand
             | there is a tradeoff between usability and security. Our
             | current voting process errs far too heavily on the side of
             | usability at the expense of security.
        
               | standardUser wrote:
               | This is just a weak attempt at re-framing the issue.
               | There is a much simpler way to approach suffrage - are
               | governments making it more difficult or less difficult
               | for voters to lawfully cast a ballot in elections? If you
               | apply that simple question to the scores of voter
               | suppression laws being proposed and passed all over the
               | country, it becomes painfully obvious that these laws are
               | by and large making it more difficult for citizens to
               | lawfully cast a vote. Which makes sense since that is the
               | goal of these laws.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | I don't really see how that applies to a well documented
               | history of voter suppression?
               | 
               | Yes, in theory, you could have a color blind system and
               | some random change could have a negative impact on some
               | group randomly.
               | 
               | That's not what happened in reality though.
               | 
               | "In theory, I might not have killed him" isn't a great
               | argument for someone found standing over a body with a
               | knife, you're generally looking for something a bit more
               | concrete.
               | 
               | Someone standing on top of a giant pile of bodies and
               | saying "As I've said for decades, I theoretically might
               | not have killed them" is even less convincing.
        
               | PathOfEclipse wrote:
               | Similarly, I don't see how "a well documented history of
               | voter suppression" applies to increasing election
               | security. I don't see that phrase in your first link, but
               | I found it here:
               | https://www.studioatao.org/post/understanding-the-u-s-
               | govern....
               | 
               | From there I found a link to the evil Brian Kemp who
               | dared to purge voter rolls!
               | https://newrepublic.com/article/151858/americas-
               | relentless-s...
               | 
               | Many believe that one of the greatest opportunities for
               | fraud come from outdated voter rolls. We need more effort
               | to purge them, not less. Again, I am not hearing a single
               | thing from you that convinces me laws like voter ID laws
               | are more harmful than beneficial. If this weren't a
               | deeply partisan issue for an insanity-driven culture of
               | divisiveness, there would be little argument against
               | voter ID laws in this day and age.
               | 
               | Lastly, it is very partisan to focus on efforts of
               | republicans to suppress democrat votes while ignoring
               | democrat efforts to continuously game the system in their
               | favor, like:
               | 
               | * Making Washington D.C. a state, which makes zero sense
               | unless you just want to win.
               | 
               | * Stacking the supreme court, which, again, makes zero
               | sense unless you just want to win.
               | 
               | * Abolishing the filibuster, which completely undermines
               | the purpose of the senate. The founders of the
               | constitution purposely did not set up a pure democracy
               | and they had many good reasons for it.
               | 
               | * Federalizing election laws, obviously in ways that
               | favor democrats, even ignoring the complete
               | unconstitutionality of the law. if anything is obvious
               | about the democrats, they see the constitution as an
               | obstacle more than as a founding document.
               | 
               | * Purposely not enforcing existing immigration laws (this
               | should be illegal and Biden should be in jail for it),
               | and then fighting to allow non-citizens to vote (this is
               | already legal in NYC), or to grant citizenship to illegal
               | entrants. Fortunately, the Hispanic vote seems to be
               | shifting right, so we can hope this evil strategy will
               | backfire against the democrats.
               | 
               | * Gerrymandering that rivals or exceeds republican
               | gerrymandering efforts. But, when it's the democrats
               | doing it, the corporate media like to call it
               | "redistricting".
               | 
               | The democrats have long ago made it clear that they will
               | fight as dirty as possible to win. If anything,
               | Republicans need to start fighting dirtier back.
        
               | fortuna86 wrote:
               | > Similarly, I don't see how "a well documented history
               | of voter suppression" applies to increasing election
               | security
               | 
               | Because "election security" - applied strategically and
               | unequally (such as removing ballot boxes and voting
               | stations in areas that are strongholds for your political
               | opponents) is nothing but suppression tactics. Even voter
               | ID laws, when applied only in places where gov ID is not
               | common, can be weaponized.
               | 
               | You know this.
        
               | PathOfEclipse wrote:
               | Please point out one person in power who suggests
               | selectively applying voter ID laws in a state. If this
               | discussion weren't partisan, your concern would simply
               | translate to: "voter ID laws make sense; let's make sure
               | the laws are written and enforced fairly", and not, "we
               | can't do voter ID laws because it's possible to be unfair
               | with them!"
               | 
               | It's possible to be unfair with every law, and every law
               | will have disparate impact. What a silly argument to
               | make!
        
               | standardUser wrote:
               | You must not follow these issues closely, because there
               | are many examples of states picking and choosing which
               | IDs "count", with student IDs usually not counting under
               | many Republican-crafted laws, but other IDs, such as gun
               | licenses, being permitted. Further examples include
               | reducing the hours/days of the offices that issue IDs and
               | shrinking voter registration windows.
               | 
               | Roughly 11% of Americans don't have a valid government-
               | issued ID and many of these individuals are lonely, ill,
               | disabled, destitute, and are now being forced for the
               | first time in their life to provide an ID to vote while
               | at the same time their states are making it harder to get
               | an ID. The Republican party is pushing these policies in
               | almost every state, and prioritizing them over most other
               | legislative concerns. This could not be less subtle.
        
               | PathOfEclipse wrote:
               | So I googled for 2 minutes ( actually I used a different
               | search engine because I don't trust google much for
               | politics anymore), and I found this:
               | 
               | https://www.quora.com/Why-is-a-gun-license-accepted-as-a-
               | vot...
               | 
               | "Your university I.D. was issued by a university compared
               | to a government issued one. The license to carry contains
               | your verified address, dob and all that. What does your
               | University one have? The LTC required compete
               | fingerprints and a background check. Seeing some
               | differences here?"
               | 
               | Also:
               | 
               | "I cannot be 100% certain but its because Texas requires
               | Social Security Numbers, Background checks and proof of
               | citizenship to obtain a license to carry. So its a valid
               | form of state issue ID. Not unlike a drivers license.
               | Anyone could get a University ID. so long as they're a
               | student there. Including those on VISA's or non-us
               | residents."
               | 
               | At some point, I hope some of you all break out of your
               | narrative bubble and start seeing that people on the
               | other side aren't insane, racist, and power-hungry, and
               | that we often have good reasons for what we do.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | Anyone proposing it that doesn't also legislate for every
               | voter to be issued with one is being selective.
               | 
               | > The law, in its majestic equality, forbids the rich as
               | well as the poor to sleep under bridges, to beg in the
               | streets, and to steal bread
        
               | PathOfEclipse wrote:
               | Yes, they are selecting for citizens with a valid ID.
               | That's the point!
               | 
               | And, no, the law doesn't need to ensure every citizen
               | gets a voting ID. How would one even do that? The voter
               | rolls are out of date and don't contain every citizen.
               | Also, how would you ensure the right IDs get to the right
               | people?
               | 
               | You, as a citizen, do not have an inherent right to vote
               | without having the ability to prove you are who you claim
               | to be. You, as a citizen, may have to experience some
               | inconvenience to get a valid ID if you don't have one
               | already. As long as the inconvenience is reasonable, it
               | should not prevent the creation of voter ID laws.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | It appears we dont really have enough commonly accepted
               | facts to have a fruitful conversation.
               | 
               | The article you linked to talks about a lot of really
               | horrible things, which I guess you agree with based on
               | your linking to it and describing removing voters from
               | the voters role for simply not voting in the previous
               | election as no big deal?
               | 
               | My big picture take is that democracy is good, and
               | depriving people of votes is bad. If thats partisan then
               | I'm glad I'm not in the party fighting to reduce
               | democracy.
        
               | PathOfEclipse wrote:
               | _It appears we dont really have enough commonly accepted
               | facts to have a fruitful conversation._
               | 
               | Welcome to American politics. That you were willing to
               | have a dialog at all with someone who disagrees with you
               | might set you above the average.
               | 
               |  _My big picture take is that democracy is good, and
               | depriving people of votes is bad._
               | 
               | How about this big picture take? Democracy is good, and
               | citizen votes deserve protection. Every fraudulent vote
               | dilutes a legitimate vote. Even the appearance of
               | insecurity undermines faith in the democracy.
               | 
               | And yes, it's incredibly partisan for you to claim that
               | republicans are trying to "reduce democracy." An attitude
               | like that will both fail to convince anyone who disagrees
               | with you, and also keep you in the dark about truths your
               | party in general are unwilling to accept.
        
               | dustyleary wrote:
               | > And yes, it's incredibly partisan for you to claim that
               | republicans are trying to "reduce democracy."
               | 
               | Is it, though?
               | 
               | My belief is that voter fraud is basically a non-issue,
               | that it doesn't really happen very much at all, and that
               | it is a bogus argument put forth by the Republicans to
               | give an excuse for why they are so consistently fighting
               | to not allow people to vote.
               | 
               | Google search "does voter fraud really happen", and "how
               | bad is voter fraud":
               | 
               | https://www.google.com/search?q=does+voter+fraud+really+h
               | app...
               | 
               | https://www.google.com/search?q=how+bad+is+voter+fraud
               | 
               | I can't find any results that don't back up my belief.
               | Can you?
               | 
               | The Heritage Foundation, a far-right think tank, has a
               | page on voter fraud: https://www.heritage.org/voterfraud
               | 
               | But, in my opinion, it's kind of amazing that they leave
               | the page up. The purpose of this page is to document and
               | expose how bad voter fraud is, and they provide a
               | searchable database on all the cases they have found and
               | confirmed. Their database goes back to 1982, and they
               | have found... 1340 cases of voter fraud.
               | 
               | This is an embarrassingly low number, isn't it? A few
               | thousand fraudulent votes over the last 40 years?
               | 
               | Also, it's not like these cases are cases of people
               | manufacturing thousands of votes. You can check for
               | yourself, the entire list is here:
               | 
               | https://www.heritage.org/voterfraud-print/search
               | 
               | These are overwhelmingly on the order of "a single extra
               | vote was cast" because someone voted in two districts, or
               | mailed in an absentee ballot for a deceased relative.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, do Republicans work to suppress votes? I think
               | it's hard to argue otherwise in good faith:
               | 
               | https://www.google.com/search?q=do+republicans+suppress+v
               | ote...
               | 
               | Why does Mitch McConnell say that the idea of making
               | election day a national holiday is a "naked power grab"
               | for Democrats? Shouldn't making it easier for people to
               | vote be a "good idea that strengthens our democracy"?
               | 
               | https://www.google.com/search?q=mitch+mcconnell+election+
               | day...
               | 
               | Another belief of mine is that it's common knowledge in
               | politics that the more people who vote, the worse
               | Republicans fare in elections.
               | 
               | The Republican professional politicians are usually
               | better at not openly admitting such things, but Trump
               | gave us another example of "saying the quiet part out
               | loud" with his usual eloquence: "They had levels of
               | voting, that if you ever agreed to it you'd never have a
               | Republican elected in this country again"
               | 
               | https://www.google.com/search?q=They+had+levels+of+voting
               | %2C...
               | 
               | Why would Trump say that?
               | 
               | The Republicans _are_ trying to reduce democracy. They
               | lost the support of the people. They have only won the
               | popular vote once in the past 30 years. Rather than
               | changing their platform to try to appeal to more voters,
               | they 've decided that the people are their enemy.
        
               | bavell wrote:
               | This sounds like a pretty dismissive response, I thought
               | the parent raised some good points and I was hoping for a
               | substantive discussion.
               | 
               | I've never understood why discussion around voting laws /
               | election integrity is always either somehow racist or
               | harmful. Seems like a lazy rebuttal against a strawman
               | but I'm open to having my mind changed. Gonna need more
               | than "democracy good, laws bad" though.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | I'd suggest reading the article that they linked to, it
               | says it in much more depth and detail than I could.
        
               | epgui wrote:
               | I don't know how things work in the US, but what you
               | describe would be legally considered "indirect
               | discrimination" in Canada, and it would be treated
               | exactly the same way as "direct discrimination". In fact
               | many scholars argue that indirect discrimination can be
               | just as problematic, if not more, than direct
               | discrimination. [1]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.canlii.org/en/commentary/doc/2019CanLIIDo
               | cs1747
        
               | guelo wrote:
               | By what metric is there not enough security? If we go by
               | documented fraud then there's no problem. If we go by the
               | ability of powerful sore losers to bend the system to
               | their will then, again, things seem fine.
        
       | lowbloodsugar wrote:
       | ~50% of US voters are wrong about the basic facts of the federal
       | 2020 election. Doesn't matter which ~50% for this statement to be
       | true. Misinformation hasn't been this bad in 300 years, even
       | counting 1939 Germany. Expect similar consequences.
        
       | archhn wrote:
       | If people trusted the establishment and their institutions,
       | "misinformation" wouldn't be a problem. People would just shrug
       | off the rhetoric coming from the fringe. The pervasive mistrust
       | of institutions and the establishment, foretold as the fourth
       | turning, is what is causing people to turn to fringe sources for
       | their information. What we are seeing here is a battle for
       | authority underwritten by decades of establishment failure. It's
       | going to get very ugly.
        
       | Tycho wrote:
       | "Misinformation" appears to be a term used by people who don't
       | want to take on the burden of proof when accusing someone of
       | lying.
        
         | hobomatic wrote:
         | To me it seems like they are a pot calling the kettle brown so
         | as to divert attention from the fact that their own blackness
         | is the larger offense.
         | 
         | 'these guys are just stupid' as they engage in overt deception
         | and manipulation to even make such an accusation.
        
         | ebiester wrote:
         | How do you take on the burden of proof to prove that high
         | ranking US officials were not involved in an organized child-
         | sex ring involving various pizza restaurants?
         | 
         | Or any of the various other QAnon work.
        
           | adolph wrote:
           | > How do you take on the burden of proof to prove that high
           | ranking US officials were not involved in an organized child-
           | sex ring involving various pizza restaurants?
           | 
           | Especially after Epstein. Why would they bother with the
           | pizza business? I guess to add some theory to the conspiracy?
        
         | gorwell wrote:
         | When you hear the word `misinformation`, you can generally
         | substitute with `wrongthink`. It makes much more sense that
         | way.
        
           | BeefWellington wrote:
           | I dunno about that. Thought experiment:
           | 
           | The Earth is a flat disc.
           | 
           | Is this misinformation, wrongthink, or both?
           | 
           | To be sure it's a vague term applied quite continuously
           | online but simply deflecting it as actually meaning
           | "wrongthink" is disingenuous. There's a lot of misinformation
           | being spread specifically about objective measurable facts.
           | It is simultaneously true that a lot of opinions are being
           | mislabeled as misinformation.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | Karunamon wrote:
             | I find that most complaints about 'misinformation' are
             | rooted in ideological conformity rather than truth. Like
             | most buzzwords, that doesn't mean it doesn't exist or have
             | an objective definition, but it does mean you should
             | closely examine the motivations of those who are loudest
             | about it.
        
             | lmm wrote:
             | > The Earth is a flat disc.
             | 
             | > Is this misinformation, wrongthink, or both?
             | 
             | You missed the fourth option: it's neither. No-one would
             | call it misinformation or wrongthink; rather it's false, or
             | a lie if you're feeling judgemental. I think the person you
             | replied to has made a good point.
        
               | lariati wrote:
               | Noise?
        
               | SquareWheel wrote:
               | What if I show you a heavily biased paper in a quack
               | journal with impressive-looking graphs that shows the
               | earth is a flat disc? Is this misinformation?
               | 
               | Most people will not have the experience to discern
               | things like p-hacking and massaged numbers. Having
               | experts call these things out as misinformation seems
               | quite useful to me.
        
             | kevin_b_er wrote:
             | The firehose of falsehoods relies on this.
             | 
             | The liar can produce 10 lies and demands you disprove them
             | or they are somehow true. The burden of the liar proving
             | their reasoning is missing.
             | 
             | The goal is that their opinion and your fact be treated
             | with equal weight or the opinion has greater weight simply
             | because they can produce more "opinions" more often than
             | you can facts.
        
               | UncleOxidant wrote:
               | Yes, this. John Green mentioned in his vlog several
               | months ago that he was not going to be answering antivax
               | objections anymore because doing so was becoming a
               | fulltime job and he has other work to do. This is the
               | burden that deliberate misinformation is trying to
               | impose: flood the zone with factual-seeming counter
               | information, provide "data" (generally cherry-picked or
               | out of context) to back it up and demand that it must be
               | addressed. This is the antivax playbook. At it's worst
               | flooding the zone with misinformation is designed to
               | cause the populace to tire of the debate and give up
               | trying to determine what the actual truth is.
        
             | adolph wrote:
             | > The Earth is a flat disc.
             | 
             | > Is this misinformation, wrongthink, or both?
             | 
             | Neither. It is an assertion based on a frame of reference.
             | The mapping systems used on my phone don't often describe
             | geographic topography and so assert a flatness to the
             | surface of this planet. Likewise this planet viewed from
             | its moon would have the visual appearance of a disk. Is
             | "The Earth is a flat disc" a helpful explanation for
             | operating in the world? Not if you are a rocket scientist
             | but it isn't a terrible model if you live an entire life
             | within the vicinity of your family farm.
             | 
             | "All models are wrong, but some are useful". George E. P.
             | Box
             | 
             | https://www.lacan.upc.edu/admoreWeb/2018/05/all-models-
             | are-w...
        
         | twa999 wrote:
         | "missing context, misleading"
         | 
         | you just got fact checked
        
         | micromacrofoot wrote:
         | That seems like a dangerous generalization that someone can use
         | to hand-wave away any actual misinformation, which as the blog
         | mentions, does exist and is spread (albeit by a small
         | percentage of very prolific posters).
         | 
         | Misinformation exists, and it is a problem. At this point we've
         | seen some evidence that state actors put some of it out there
         | during the 2016/2020 elections, and it can be spread
         | organically.
         | 
         | That said, it's not nearly as widespread or problematic as it's
         | made to be by much of popular media.
        
         | lariati wrote:
         | If we follow the science then what does "misinformation" mean
         | in an information theory context?
         | 
         | It has no meaning at all. Since it basically has no meaning it
         | does make it quite a good word in a propaganda context. We can
         | make this word mean whatever we want.
         | 
         | It is a shame we don't use the concept of noise or a noisy
         | channel in a wider context.
        
         | ILMostro7 wrote:
         | Some people refuse to look at the truth. Then again, it should
         | be assumed that a random person, more often than not, actually
         | cared and spent some time thinking or learning what most people
         | take to be true. Throwing conspiracy theories to see what
         | sticks is a lazy form of destructive behavior. Pointing fingers
         | at people who don't explicitly disprove your claims, whether or
         | not you know them to be true, is just a continuation of the
         | same.
        
         | unfocussed_mike wrote:
         | I think it is more useful to describe the situations where:
         | 
         | - accusing someone of lying has no restraining impact on the
         | person or the lie, and indeed where it might have a magnifying
         | effect
         | 
         | or
         | 
         | - the lie is being shared by someone who has been lied to and
         | does not know it; they aren't a liar but they are misinformers.
         | 
         | Calling the "Covid hasn't even been isolated" misinformation a
         | lie, for example, requires knowing that the teller is aware
         | they are lying. They could simply be credulous.
        
           | brigandish wrote:
           | > accusing someone of lying has no restraining impact on the
           | person or the lie
           | 
           | Should an accusation _alone_ have that effect?
        
             | unfocussed_mike wrote:
             | No -- but I take your point. I meant "with evidence" here.
             | 
             | The point is, many lies are a particular kind of bad faith.
             | You can point out to the guy who, say, believes Antoine
             | Bechamp is the last word in medicine, that he is
             | misrepresenting Bechamp in the past, let alone
             | misrepresenting science in the present, and that guy will
             | argue that it is the very predictable pattern of your fact-
             | based attempt to disprove him that is evidence of your
             | perfidy.
             | 
             | When you know that person is making that argument knowing
             | it to be false, there is no point in accusing them.
             | 
             | The only thing you can do is tackle the "alternative facts"
             | as _misinformation_ rather than as an attempt to deceive.
             | 
             | Because those who argue in bad faith claim injury in bad
             | faith too. "Misinformation" is a more dispassionate
             | approach.
        
       | helen___keller wrote:
       | The author is correct that in any debate, the prominent skeptics
       | are often extremely well informed (joe Rogan on vaccines, in his
       | example).
       | 
       | I think what the author is missing is that Joe Rogan and the
       | likes are not spreading misinformation, but spreading tools for
       | misinformation.
       | 
       | My mother in law is very deep in misinformation. I'm not talking
       | simple anti vax, I'm talking "trump will raid the Vatican for
       | stolen gold so we can be a free country for the first time since
       | the 19th century" misinformation, like QAnon tier stuff.
       | 
       | Once, when I was still trying to convince her to get a vaccine, I
       | told her that after Israel's early vaccine efforts, both cases
       | and deaths are down heavily. Her response was to pull up a
       | screenshot of a fox headline from a YouTube video that simply
       | stated something like "cases up 60% after vaccination in Israel"
       | 
       | I don't know the context of the headline. I'm sure in whatever
       | context, it was accurate and not misinformation. But the actual
       | spreaders of misinformation use skeptical talking points as
       | weapons to spread misinformation, like the vaccine being a weapon
       | to kill off the population for the great reset.
       | 
       | Anyways I don't think it's wrong to be a skeptic. But skeptic
       | talking points being mass weaponized on social media is
       | absolutely new and uniquely enabled by modern technology.
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | > My mother in law is very deep in misinformation. I'm not
         | talking simple anti vax, I'm talking "trump will raid the
         | Vatican for stolen gold so we can be a free country for the
         | first time since the 19th century" misinformation, like QAnon
         | tier stuff.
         | 
         | This is likely the big causal factor here. Your MIL is
         | definitely not typical. The notion that conspiracy nuts are
         | specifically being influenced by "skeptic talking points" and
         | not by simply being generically nutty, anti-intellectual and
         | anti-science, is kinda hard to take seriously.
        
           | helen___keller wrote:
           | She was pretty normal until around 2018 on the contrary. I'm
           | sure losing her job in 2008 and ending up socially isolated
           | because she doesn't speak fluent English didn't help.
           | 
           | I'm not claiming ordinary and well adjusted people easily
           | fall prey to misinformation if that's what you're trying to
           | refute here.
           | 
           | It's simply an observational fact that conspiracy groups
           | wield skeptic talking points as weapons and that modern
           | technology allows efficient dissemination of this discourse
           | (as with any discourse).
           | 
           | Whether or not there's a "misinformation problem", per the
           | title, is actually an empirical question that neither the
           | author nor I have the tools to answer
        
             | sbuttgereit wrote:
             | There is a bit of a catch 22 here. I think you're right.
             | Most of the garbage floating about our public discourse
             | (and I would submit most of it is garbage) is rooted in
             | some legitimate facts. So your MIL will get some of these
             | skeptical headlines, perhaps with some of these more
             | conspiratorial groups capitalizing on and embellishing the
             | these things. I think what you say is happening is....
             | 
             | ... but on the other side, the same thing happens. Stories
             | such as yours get posted about and even reported on and
             | then different organized movements build these up into
             | narratives and use these narratives to push for the
             | silencing of skeptical points. In the end it's really the
             | exact same behavior: get a few facts (in context or not),
             | build your own narrative, add a substantial amount of
             | emotionalism so it's less about the facts anyway, and you
             | have a ready population of true believers that for the most
             | part won't change their views.
        
               | helen___keller wrote:
               | Indeed, it's an emergent behavior in highly connected
               | information systems.
               | 
               | I've written about this in a different context here:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30172467#30178198
        
         | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
         | It's new, but it's not obvious that it actually changes what
         | people believe, because those trying to argue against
         | misinformation also have a much better toolkit. If someone came
         | to you 20 years ago claiming that the chickenpox vaccine
         | doesn't work because cases were up 60% after the rollout in
         | Israel, how would you even begin to find contrary evidence?
         | (How would you prove that jet fuel can compromise the integrity
         | of steel beams?)
        
           | helen___keller wrote:
           | > those trying to argue against misinformation also have a
           | much better toolkit.
           | 
           | The point of the OP is that skeptics have powerful and robust
           | toolkits and my point is that conspiracists use these
           | toolkits
           | 
           | Example: the question is whether Dr Fauci knowingly conspired
           | to let hundreds of thousands die because he is colluding with
           | the Chinese on enacting the great reset
           | 
           | The conclusion seems obviously bogus, yet you can pick a ton
           | of arguments in favor from any skeptic of US Covid response.
           | These tend to be very robust.
           | 
           | I've seen tons of convincing arguments on this very site
           | about issues with US Covid response, eg that we had strong
           | information about the risks of Covid and should have had
           | lockdowns much earlier, that we should have advised to wear
           | masks from the beginning, etc.
           | 
           | In the context of the conspiracy, each argument that US
           | response was bungled also becomes a weapon to argue that
           | Fauci intentionally bungled US Covid response to enact an
           | evil agenda of widespread death.
           | 
           | At that point you can either argue with very well reasoned
           | skeptic talking points, or you can dive down the ideological
           | rabbit hole of "ok he bungled it but it wasn't intentional /
           | malicious".
           | 
           | This is what I mean by weaponizing skeptic talking points
        
           | wizzwizz4 wrote:
           | > _How would you prove that jet fuel can compromise the
           | integrity of steel beams?_
           | 
           | 1. Acquire some jet fuel, burn it, and measure its burning
           | temperature.
           | 
           | 2. Acquire a steel beam, hit it with a hammer, heat it up to
           | the burning temperature of jet fuel, then hit it with a
           | hammer again.
           | 
           | 3. Wonder why I just wasted $1000 and a hammer on something
           | that the conspiracy theorists will label "doctored footage".
        
         | rhino369 wrote:
         | You should be careful about placing the blame on skeptics for
         | misuse of their opinions by nutbags. Because the nutbags would
         | have likely just latched onto something else. They didn't
         | reason themselves into their crazy beliefs. So removing
         | reasonable opinions isn't going to change their beliefs one
         | bit.
         | 
         | The conspiracy theorists often latch onto proponent's factual
         | claims and misinterpret them as supporting the conspiracy
         | theory. A lot of conspiracy theories re vaccines will quote
         | CDC, WHO, research papers, etc. that aren't skeptical.
        
           | helen___keller wrote:
           | I'm only trying to describe, not assign blame.
           | 
           | To be clear, I'll repeat myself:
           | 
           | > I don't think it's wrong to be a skeptic
        
       | godshatter wrote:
       | In my opinion, the "misinformation problem" breaks down into a
       | couple of separate causes. Mainly the odd inability of people not
       | being able to view a comment that they disagree with and not try
       | to "correct" that person (highly related to the inability people
       | have to let the other person have the last word) and simple
       | tribalism.
       | 
       | I don't know what to do about the "inability not to respond"
       | issue, I suffer from that myself. On the tribalism issue, I
       | strongly suggest becoming the equivalent of a nomadic wanderer.
       | When someone posts something about a topic I strongly agree with,
       | I don't assume I will agree with everything else they might say.
       | The same goes for posts about something I strongly disagree with.
       | Being too caught up in tribalism leads to inoffensive posts from
       | the other tribe causing a knee-jerk reaction to say something,
       | anything, to put them in their place even if the person
       | completely agree with what the other person just posted. Hence,
       | the rise of "whataboutism".
       | 
       | I try to take on a view of comments posted in which I don't care
       | who the other person is, what other beliefs they might have good
       | or bad, and just reply to the comment at hand. If the comment is
       | full of insults I just ignore them and pick out the pieces of
       | their posts related to the discussion topic and reply to those.
       | This would seem to be a good way to have less conflict in
       | conversations on the internet but in my experience you need very
       | thick skin to go this route because you are an outsider to all
       | groups, meaning you are a target for everyone. There are people
       | who will stop insulting you when you calmly reply to their points
       | and ignore their jibes, but not as many as a younger more naive
       | version of myself would have expected, unfortunately.
       | 
       | This is what I try to do, anyway. I'm unfortunately as human as
       | everyone else, so I slip at times.
        
         | RangerScience wrote:
         | > pick out the pieces of their posts related to the discussion
         | topic and reply to those
         | 
         | 100% this. AFAICT, part of where this is coming from is formal
         | debate style, where (IMHO) there's a subtle pressure to address
         | everything the other side said. But in a conversation, you _don
         | 't have to do that_. You can pick up _just_ the parts you want
         | to reply to.
        
       | mikewarot wrote:
       | It is important to remember that the media seems to only call out
       | "misinformation" when it is from sources that threaten their
       | market, Have you seen _any apology_ for their failure to uncover
       | the lies that got us into needless wars in Iraq and Afghanistan?
       | 
       | I am very selective in my trust of media these days. I don't want
       | to be lead into collective insanity any more.
        
       | ZeroGravitas wrote:
       | This seems to be redefining what misinformed means, but I'm not
       | sure what they intend to achieve by that.
       | 
       | > "They don't have crank opinions because they are misinformed,
       | they have tons and tons of moon-related factual information
       | because they're cranks"
       | 
       | Having a section about how conspiracy theorists are very
       | knowledgeable about their subjects and then immediately saying
       | that a right wing economist is really well informed about
       | arguments against minimum wage regulations seemed a little on the
       | nose, but I think it was just a coincidence.
       | 
       | Basically, people are allowed to be wrong about stuff but only if
       | they are right-wing, because right-wing people have traditionally
       | been wrong. Is that what we are saying?
       | 
       | > "So people vote Republican, I think, not because of
       | "misinformation" but because they perceive that the GOP position
       | on many policy topics has moderated while the Democratic Party's
       | has gotten more left-wing"
       | 
       | So they aren't misinformed, they just realised 10 years late that
       | what the "left-wing" opinion 10 years ago was, was what they
       | wanted after all? So how do we know they won't do the same in ten
       | more years, which in fact he pretty openly states they will.
        
         | thxCronyCap wrote:
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | The biggest change is how aware we are of others' views. The
       | internet thrives on showing you people who are "wrong".
       | 
       | I wish we would do away with public opinion polling as news. It
       | does nothing to actually inform or help people, but it makes us
       | obsessed with culture wars.
       | 
       | Only 60 something percent of Americans believed the moon landings
       | were real the year they happened. Imagine if someone flashed on
       | the screen to tell you "40% of Americans don't believe this
       | happened, and here are all of their political views". That's what
       | modern journalism feels like.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | pdonis wrote:
         | _> Only 60 something percent of Americans believed the moon
         | landings were real the year they happened._
         | 
         | What is your basis for this? Were you alive then? I was. I
         | watched the first Moon landing on television. Nobody was
         | talking about how it was faked.
        
           | UncleOxidant wrote:
           | Same here, I was 7. Nobody was saying "did you see that fake
           | moon landing?". It was only years later that I became aware
           | that there were people on the fringe who thought it was
           | faked, but I never personally met anyone with that opinion.
        
             | nickff wrote:
             | > _" It was only years later that I became aware that there
             | were people on the fringe who thought it was faked..."_
             | 
             | Certain groups (namely the Soviets) ran a number of
             | conspiratorial propaganda campaigns, which were much more
             | effective outside 'the West' (NATO-affiliated countries).
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | "A lie can travel halfway around the world while the
               | truth is putting on its shoes."
               | 
               | Conspiracy theories have an incredible ability to self
               | sustain, it is entirely possible the "moon landings were
               | faked" theory is an old bit of Soviet propaganda that
               | refused to die.
        
           | scarecrowbob wrote:
           | I sm skeptical on that number as well. I looked for the
           | source. In the 10 minutes that I was willing to spend on it,
           | I only found this:
           | 
           | "A July1970 poll found 30% of Americans declaring Apollo 11
           | to be a fake."
           | 
           | https://www.voanews.com/a/usa_millions-still-
           | believe-1969-mo...
           | 
           | Couldn't find the original source.
           | 
           | It looks to be something like US 6% of the population at the
           | moment (Gallup https://news.gallup.com/poll/3712/Landing-Man-
           | Moon-Publics-V... )
        
             | rhino369 wrote:
             | Another issue is that polling is often fucked around with
             | by the respondents, especially if the poll wasn't well
             | written.
        
               | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
               | On average, about 4%.
               | 
               | https://slatestarcodex.com/2013/04/12/noisy-poll-results-
               | and...
        
       | civilized wrote:
       | A lot of commenters here seem to want to define "misinformation"
       | to mean something like "selectively presented information to
       | promote a perspective at odds with what I think is a balanced and
       | informed perspective".
       | 
       | With this inherently subjective definition, I'm not sure we'll be
       | able to agree on much about the existence or nature of a
       | misinformation epidemic.
        
       | sleepingadmin wrote:
       | Misinformation is misinformation. I am certain I am misinformed
       | about many things. The correct response to when I post
       | misinformation is to inform.
       | 
       | What happened recently with the move to yellow journalism is not
       | misinformation but rather censorship. Fact checkers end up
       | labelling things in order to censor them.
       | 
       | The interesting thing on my mind in regards to Canada. Trudeau
       | has changed. He would take on people head on at town halls and
       | challenging questions: https://www.nbcnews.com/video/trudeau-
       | takes-questions-about-...
       | 
       | Today he refuses to even consider talking to these ongoing
       | protests and is going to insane extremes to shut these peaceful
       | protests down. The only way to look at it from his point of view.
       | He must see these people as national security threats. He
       | genuinely believes they are racists and white supremacists. He
       | genuinely believes they are there to overthrow the government.
       | 
       | Which there's no justification for other than egregiously being
       | misinformed.
        
         | gorwell wrote:
         | I hadn't thought about it that way, but it certainly would
         | explain his actions. You don't compromise with nazis. If you're
         | convinced that's what they are.
         | 
         | This would explain a lot about Trump too. He was in a
         | misinformation bubble as well.
         | 
         | Which means even world leaders aren't immune to this tribal
         | trap.
        
           | sleepingadmin wrote:
           | >I hadn't thought about it that way, but it certainly would
           | explain his actions. You don't compromise with nazis after
           | all.
           | 
           | The question though, are these protests really what he has
           | called them? Are they really a military occupation?
           | 
           | >This would explain a lot about Trump too. He was in a
           | misinformation bubble as well.
           | 
           | 100% true. You will find even republican ideologues have
           | called him out on many of his bullshit things. Hell his
           | rhetoric was toxic. Tons of improvement could happen over
           | Trump.
           | 
           | >Which means even world leaders aren't immune to this tribal
           | trap.
           | 
           | It's built into our psychology, but not something out of
           | control. Harper was in power for 9 years and never called in
           | the military. He never demonized his political opponents. He
           | never falsely labelled a peaceful protest as a military
           | occupation. He never smeared political opponents as 'racists
           | and white nationalists with unacceptable views'. He never
           | declared a state of emergency to crush dissent.
           | 
           | Trudeau doesn't need the military. He gave himself to power
           | to seize your bank account because you're a protester. No
           | court orders. No due process.
           | 
           | https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-60383385
           | 
           | Deputy Prime Minister Chrystia Freeland said at Monday's news
           | conference that banks would be able freeze personal accounts
           | of anyone linked with the protests without any need for a
           | court order.
        
             | gorwell wrote:
             | > The question though, are these protests really what he
             | has called them? Are they really a military occupation?
             | 
             | Definitely not. Every large scale protest has its
             | provocateurs and outliers. Using the outliers to frame the
             | 99% is dishonest to say the least.
             | 
             | To any neutral observer they are overwhelmingly peaceful
             | and represent the working class.
        
               | krapp wrote:
               | >To any neutral observer they are overwhelmingly peaceful
               | and represent normal working class people.
               | 
               | This isn't a neutral observation. "overwhelmingly
               | peaceful and represent normal working class people"
               | exposes a politically-motivated bias.
        
               | gorwell wrote:
               | Does it?
               | 
               | To a neutral observer the BLM protests were
               | overwhelmingly peaceful and represent the administrative
               | class.
               | 
               | To a neutral observer the trucker protests were
               | overwhelmingly peaceful and represent the working class.
        
               | krapp wrote:
               | Setting aside that no one would attempt to use the term
               | "overwhelmingly peaceful" in a politically neutral matter
               | nowadays unless they were completely naive (it would be
               | like saying "think of the children" in the context of
               | _actually_ arguing for considering childrens ' welfare)
               | the word you omitted from the last sentence ("normal") is
               | where the bias comes into play. "Normal" in that case
               | carries the implication that working class people _as a
               | whole_ agree (or should agree) with the protestors, or
               | that anyone who disagrees with them isn 't legitimately a
               | member of the working class.
               | 
               | More accurately, the protests (both of the truckers and
               | BLM) represent more narrowly defined set of political
               | prinicples than the beliefs of more general classes,
               | which tend not to be as homogeneous in their views as is
               | often portrayed.
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | I don't think that Trump was in a misinformation bubble.
           | Trump was in the bubble of his own narcissistic ego. Things
           | were "true" or "false" based on how they made Trump look.
           | Anything that threw any kind of a negative light on him was
           | "false".
           | 
           | The same was true of people. People were either "the
           | greatest" or "losers" depending on whether the last thing
           | they said made Trump look good or not.
           | 
           | Trump was _creating_ a lot of misinformation, but it wasn 't
           | because he was misinformed (at least not primarily). It was
           | because he cared more for his image (and, I suspect, his own
           | image of himself) rather than reality. Facts didn't matter,
           | only image did.
        
       | duxup wrote:
       | I don't quite get where the author is coming from.
       | 
       | >And on the basics of civic life, that doesn't seem to be the
       | case. A survey from the Annenberg Public Policy Center found that
       | in 2006, only 33 percent of people could correctly identify the
       | three branches of government. By 2021, that was up to 56 percent.
       | That's way higher than 33 percent!
       | 
       | Is that really what anyone means about misinformation? I don't
       | think so...
       | 
       | As for say the Joe Rogan examples, are knowing factoids that
       | someone thinks support their other opinions really knowledge, or
       | are they things they just like to gather to support public
       | statements?
       | 
       | Often I get those factoids tossed at me on the internet and even
       | links to pages that someone thinks supports their opinions but if
       | you read 3 paragraphs in clearly doesn't.
       | 
       | That's not being knowledgeable...
       | 
       | In fact celebrating those little factoids seem right up the alley
       | of misinformation where someone announces that "5 men were
       | discovered to be impotent after getting the vaccine!" where that
       | might be true, but the intent of the misinformation is obviously
       | to push something else.
        
         | 0x500x79 wrote:
         | And factoids don't mean that there is analysis being done on
         | those facts. I can state partial facts or misleading facts all
         | day long that might get upvotes/retweets. That doesn't mean
         | that it is properly conveying information that is needed to
         | analyze the subject.
         | 
         | The Covid19 vaccine discussion isn't: "There are side effects
         | that are worse than you think". There are hundreds if not
         | thousands of data points that have to be analyzed together to
         | understand the negatives or benefits of something as complex as
         | this. Cherry-picking on factoid to back up your bias does not
         | make you smart.
        
       | president wrote:
       | Have you noticed that people that label a position or argument
       | misinformation never want to have a discussion about it? The
       | pattern always seems to be:
       | 
       | 1. Call something misinformation 2. Ignore any counter claims (so
       | they cannot be proven wrong on the record) 3. Call for others to
       | "cancel" it (use power in numbers to perpetuate misinfo claim)
        
       | User23 wrote:
       | The only rational position that fits the observables is
       | defaulting to the assumption that everything one sees in the
       | "news" that one can't personally verify is misinformation to some
       | greater or lesser extent. This means that, for instance, I
       | generally believe that local weather and traffic reports are
       | accurate.
       | 
       | Sadly, the Gell-Man amnesia effect means that most people will
       | continue to believe whatever nonsense it is that they're
       | currently being told.
        
       | aaron695 wrote:
        
       | ILMostro7 wrote:
       | Once misinformation becomes accepted as truth, or a valid mindset
       | even, it doesn't stand out as blatant falsehood. Questioning
       | whether 1 + 2 is actually 3 or a secret way to hide the true
       | meaning of pi is akin to a dog chasing its tail to excercise his
       | brain.
        
         | water8 wrote:
         | Nobody feels the need to label you as misinformation when you
         | go around saying 1+1=3. They will simply know you're a cuckoo
         | and ignore you. The misinformation label seems to only get
         | applied to information that could be harmful to a political
         | party
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | Take the "flat earth" people. What they say is factually
           | wrong. But there isn't a flat-earthist political party that
           | wants to change our military deployments because our current
           | deployments are based on a false topology of the planet, or
           | change our immigration policy because Central America doesn't
           | actually connect to Mexico, or something like that. There's
           | no political agenda that flows out of the flat earth
           | nonsense. That's what makes it "nonsense" rather than
           | "misinformation".
           | 
           | On the other end of the scale, there is "disinformation".
           | That's where someone is deliberately and systematically
           | trying to persuade you do believe what is false, in order for
           | them to carry out their agenda. Russia has been running a
           | disinformation campaign against the US for several years. (On
           | both sides - trying to drive extremism and destroy the
           | political center, in order to weaken the US.) One could say
           | that both major political parties in the US are also running
           | disinformation campaigns.
           | 
           | "Misinformation" is kind of in the middle, in my view. It's
           | not necessarily part of a large-scale organized campaign, but
           | it's not just a nonsense belief with no consequences. So
           | people care about misinformation in a way that they don't
           | care about the flat earthers, because misinformation can
           | cause more harm.
           | 
           | But people don't seem to take as seriously as they should the
           | damage that long-running, coordinated disinformation
           | campaigns can cause (and, in fact, _are_ causing).
        
       | t0bia_s wrote:
       | At the end, it is a matter of believe. We choose what information
       | should we believe or not. But we should always be able to
       | confront that information with real life around us and look in
       | specific topics from multiple sources. And keep asking questions.
       | 
       | I hope people will look more and more for information about topic
       | as vaccination. Because right know we come to era that we are
       | really able to get access to information that was hidden for
       | decades.
       | 
       | I recommend book from German medical doctor "Gerhard Buchwald -
       | Vaccination - A Business Based on Fear". Book was released in
       | 1994 and observe the development of diseases and vaccination in
       | Germany.
       | 
       | Yes, it is easy to say that someone is anti-vax, but if you
       | really inform yourself in this topic, you'll start ask questions
       | that are valid and should be debated more.
        
       | lnxg33k1 wrote:
       | One of the worst example that I bring (unfortunately) in my mind,
       | was from like mid-pandemic, when people around was complaining
       | due to newspapers (in that occasion, the BBC in particular), for
       | spreading misinformation.. and you know why they were spreading
       | misinformation? Because they were supporting the right of
       | chronicles by reporting about protests against coronavirus
       | lockdown protests... this was the spreading of misinformation,
       | newspaper should not report things that are happening but are
       | wrong for wokes, they should only report things that they like,
       | even if what they don't like happened and makes news
        
         | feurio wrote:
         | > things that are happening but are wrong for wokes
         | 
         | I'll admit that I found parsing the whole comment rather
         | difficult so I may have missed something, but what are "wokes"?
        
           | lnxg33k1 wrote:
           | I am not sure, english is not my mother tongue so I might
           | have written something in a non-understandable way, if
           | there's something that I might have written better let me
           | know if you want. As for wokes ->
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woke
        
             | feurio wrote:
             | OK, thank you for clarifying.
             | 
             | So "wokes" are people who are 'alert to racial prejudice
             | and discrimination'.
             | 
             | > newspaper should not report things that are happening but
             | are wrong for wokes, they should only report things that
             | they like, even if what they don't like happened and makes
             | news
             | 
             | So what have "wokes" got to do with anything? They are just
             | people who aren't racist, right?
             | 
             | Again, maybe I have misunderstood.
        
               | lnxg33k1 wrote:
               | Yeah that was the starting point of the culture, and I
               | think it's a start in order to get more documented about
               | what they've grown into and how, so yeah they're those
               | against racism and the likes but are also those who went
               | against newspapers reporting news that they didn't like
               | as written in my post
        
               | feurio wrote:
               | OK, I'm still a little unclear - can you give me a
               | concrete example of a such a news story?
               | 
               | And, perhaps to clarify further, do you consider yourself
               | woke, or anti-woke?
        
               | lnxg33k1 wrote:
               | I am an anti-woke, but also gave you a starting point
               | which explains what woke is (or was?), but I'm afraid
               | what I wrote is not something I can link, as I wrote it
               | was middle pandemic and going back to find posts from
               | back then is a bit time consuming for me, then you can
               | believe it or not, that's your choice, but I am not sure
               | what should I do here, I guess for in depth research you
               | can also go around the web yourself and find posts about
               | them, last suggestion would be to look for "Woke regime"
        
               | feurio wrote:
        
               | lnxg33k1 wrote:
               | You can also fight noble cause in a wrong way, you go
               | with the alert against racial prejudice and
               | discrimination in a way that causes other issues, I am
               | against woke because they want people banned or muted or
               | offended from platform for saying things that they don't
               | agree with
               | 
               | I think you're oversimplifying serious issues there, it's
               | not being against or pro racial prejudice, it's being
               | against racial prejudice but also pro freedom of speech,
               | against moderation and censorship and pro conversation
               | 
               | Woke culture has alienated whoever was racist, and
               | whoever had racist idea was removed from Twitter, the
               | result? They just created their own societies on 4chan
               | and other QAnon channels, away from conversation and from
               | anyone who could tell them why their ideas were wrong,
               | the result? Racist grew their support to the point where
               | Trump was elected president, now that Trump is banned
               | from Twitter, he is still growing his user base, away,
               | unmoderated, and without the opportunity to discuss
               | 
               | so yeah I am against wokes
        
               | feurio wrote:
               | I don't think that I am oversimplifying anything.
               | 
               | Why are you conflating freedom of speech, moderation and
               | censorship?
               | 
               | Freedom of speech means the government won't come and
               | arrest you for saying something. That's got nothing to do
               | with wokeness or Twitter.
               | 
               | Twitter (et al) are commercial businesses. They have
               | terms of service and if you don't abide to them you get
               | kicked. It's very simple. You're not paying for it -
               | you're not the customer.
               | 
               | If a pig farm discovers that some pigs have started tail-
               | biting and annoyng the other pigs then they'll take 'em
               | out back. Letting a minority annoy the other pigs,
               | resulting in a less valuable product doesn't benefit
               | them. Twitter users are the pigs, not the supermarket.
               | it's just good business.
               | 
               | I'll defend to the death your right to your freedom of
               | speech even though don't agree with it, but I'm damned if
               | I'm going to lend you a megaphone to express it.
               | Particularly if you're going to, say, deny the holocaust
               | and my granparents were exterminated in it.
               | 
               | And as for the idea that racists are going to stop being
               | racists if theyre not on Twitter for people tell them
               | that they are wrong, well bless your heart.
               | 
               | > now that Trump is banned from Twitter, he is still
               | growing his user base, away, unmoderated, and without the
               | opportunity to discuss
               | 
               | I thought that you were against moderation?
        
               | lnxg33k1 wrote:
               | If someone is denying the holocaust you don't give him a
               | megaphone to express it, but you also talk to him and
               | show him proof and surely you don't kill him or censor
               | him or incarcerate him
        
               | feurio wrote:
               | I don't have to talk to anyone - hey have their freedom
               | of speech, and I have the freedom not to listen to their
               | nonsense. Would you force me to
               | 
               | Has a "woke" person killed someone now? Incarcerated
               | them? Examples, please! I mean, I know that in Germany
               | you might get in trouble for holocaust denial, but they
               | kind of have had some major problems with that whole
               | area, so I have some sympathy.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | lnxg33k1 wrote:
               | Just come forward and say that you're a trolling woke
               | this thing about freedom of speech and governments is
               | like one of your(theirs?) preferred point, but who cares?
               | Governments are people elected by people, not coffee
               | machines elected by coffee machine so I can also be a
               | supporter of freedom of speech within people and their
               | neighbours outside of the boundaries of the law, also
               | yeah Twitter can do whatever it wants, I needed a
               | mainstream platform which helped alienating people
               | towards their circle
        
               | feurio wrote:
               | > this thing about freedom of speech and governments is
               | like one of your(theirs?) preferred point, but who cares?
               | 
               | Anyone who cares about reality? Because that's all
               | freedom of speech is. If you break ToS, tough.
               | 
               | I don't follow the coffee machine bit, sorry.
               | 
               | > also yeah Twitter can do whatever it wants, I needed a
               | mainstream platform which helped alienating people
               | towards their circle
               | 
               | Glad you agree that Twitter can do whatever it wants.
               | Maybe it sucks, but that's a free market for you!
               | 
               | Can I take it that you were banned from Twitter? If so,
               | why?
        
               | lnxg33k1 wrote:
               | I was not on Twitter before the explosion of woke
               | culture, but every now and then I go to read without an
               | account and there's a lot of verbal violence
               | 
               | The coffee machine bit: Governments have regulations that
               | protect freedom of speech, and government are made of
               | people and elected by people, if we let woke culture go
               | ahead in their ideas that freedom of speech is ok to be
               | limited when some ideas are expressed, how long since a
               | enough number of politicians get elected and put that
               | into law/change the law? So yeah freedom of speech as-is,
               | is from the government, but it has to be protected also
               | between people as people have the power to form ideas
               | that change laws, because we don't elect machines
        
               | feurio wrote:
               | > I was not on Twitter before the explosion of woke
               | culture, but every now and then I go to read without an
               | account and there's a lot of verbal violence
               | 
               | Wait, what?! "verbal violence" - I thought you were the
               | defender of freedom of speech? Have we switched and
               | you're now the woke-ist snowflake who is scared of words?
               | 
               | I'm sure you're aware that the next bit is practically
               | the defintion of the slippery-slope fallacy. Given that
               | we have:
               | 
               | * Brazil - Bolsonaro (not woke) * USA - Trump (not woke)
               | until recently and the house likely to turn to the GoP
               | (not woke) soon * UK - Boris Johnson (about as woke as
               | Rip Van Winkle) * Russia - Putin (about as woke as Trump)
               | 
               | I dont think that we're in dange of falling into some
               | Woke World Order anytime soon!
               | 
               | Can you give one soitary example (preferably your best)
               | of a "woke" law being passed, please?
        
               | Chris2048 wrote:
               | > Going by the accepted definition what you pointed me to
               | 
               | The article you were pointed to contained far more
               | information than that.
               | 
               | Choosing to treat that one sentence as a strict
               | definition doesn't really hold up.
               | 
               | Your last sentence sound like a personal attack, which
               | makes me think you aren't arguing in good faith.
        
               | feurio wrote:
               | OK, the actual definition on that page is:
               | 
               | Woke (/'woUk/ WOHK) is an English adjective meaning
               | 'alert to racial prejudice and discrimination' that
               | originated in African-American Vernacular English (AAVE).
               | 
               | Google says: adjective: woke; comparative adjective:
               | woker; superlative adjective: wokest
               | alert to injustice in society, especially racism.
               | "we need to stay angry, and stay woke"
               | 
               | Merriam Webster: chiefly US slang : aware of and actively
               | attentive to important facts and issues (especially
               | issues of racial and social justice)
               | 
               | So, that seems to be the accepted defintion. I can't
               | really copypasta the whole Wikipedia page now, can I.
               | 
               | The last sentence was not a personal attack, it was
               | merely the logical conclusion his own appraisal of
               | himself; "I am an anti-woke"
               | 
               | If you have an alterative defintion that would refute the
               | conclusion then I'm all ears.
        
               | lnxg33k1 wrote:
               | But still you're here getting only the definition that
               | you want to take and ignoring all the other stuff about
               | wokes fighting for their ideals by trying to censor, ban,
               | fire those who have different ideas, instead of
               | discussing... I already told you that their attention to
               | those things is not the problem but is the attitude no?
               | 
               | Let's say that I am a guy, attentive to social justice,
               | noble. Then I am that same guy who reads about someone
               | trying to talk bad about social justice, I converse with
               | him (good), I start calling him names, want his head,
               | want him banned and alienated (bad)
               | 
               | So this is an invite to go further than the definition
               | and that point that you egregiously understood
        
               | feurio wrote:
               | I've invited you to give me an alternative definition -
               | can you just tack on an extra sentence to the Wikipedia,
               | Merriam-Webster or Goole definitions please? Once you
               | have defined what woke is then you can talk about what
               | they do. Wanting people banned, censored, fired are
               | actions that can be carried out by anyone. Vladimir Putin
               | has people banned, censored, fired (and worse), but he's
               | not woke, is he?
               | 
               | We're having a converstion, but for you to make a valid
               | point that people are doing these thing then you need to
               | present examples.
               | 
               | You couldn't/wouldn't present an example of the newspaper
               | wokeness that you suggest is happening.
               | 
               | Give me just one (your best) concrete example of this
               | woke culture in action and you'll have made a point,
               | otherwise this is all just angels dancing on the head of
               | pin territory.
        
               | wccrawford wrote:
               | It isn't just that they're alert to it, they're _hyper_
               | alert to it. They even see it where it doesn 't exist,
               | and they "white knight" for it, trying to prevent people
               | from giving offense even if nobody is actually offended.
               | 
               | They take "being a good person" so far that they make
               | life hard for others instead.
               | 
               | The root of their beliefs is good: All people are worthy
               | of respect and shouldn't be judged based on things out of
               | their control.
               | 
               | But the lengths they go for that is just too much. They
               | often refuse to even consider that there may be other
               | factors that need to be taken into account as well and
               | shout down everything that doesn't align with their view.
               | 
               | That makes it hard to fight against them. They've set
               | themselves up to be seen as always being in the right,
               | but because they refuse to have nuance, they often
               | aren't.
        
               | feurio wrote:
               | Can you give an example, please? ("They take "being a
               | good person" so far that they make life hard for others
               | instead.", for example is a bit vague - that could apply
               | to pious Christians, you're not against Christians, are
               | you?)
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | Not the OP, but "holier than thou" is not a positive
               | human type.
        
               | feurio wrote:
               | Neither is it exclusive to the woke, or anyone else.
               | 
               | What I would really like to see is a concrete example,
               | which so far everyone has declined to give. It's
               | customary to provide some actual evidence to back up
               | claims.
               | 
               | "Your honor, the defendant killed the victim in cold
               | blood"
               | 
               | "I see, proceed with your evidence"
               | 
               | "Meh, go find it for yourself."
        
               | lnxg33k1 wrote:
               | But the judge, the prosecutor and the lawyers are all
               | paid to give the judge stuff, we're here having a
               | conversation, but I am not sure what kind of proof do you
               | want and what should we do, like it's not that newspapers
               | write article about wokes being wokes, just maybe go
               | around on twitter or go on twitter and write something
               | controversial like "#FuckBLM" and see what comes at you,
               | not sure what do you want
               | 
               | or I mean I know what do you want, but don't know how
               | long do you want me to reply to you, or others, like I am
               | very patient in conversations, but I feel like don
               | quixote and as a non native speaker I feel like you're
               | misunderstanding what I say, genuinely or not, I guess
               | someone here thinks not, but I think I am done, its been
               | a few hours, you've been told things, you've been given
               | links, and now I think it's time for you to go to explore
               | the world by yourself... fly free
        
               | feurio wrote:
               | But why would I go onto Twitter and say that, unless I
               | was a massive racist?
               | 
               | And why, as a doughty protector of free speech would I
               | not be perfectly fine with anyone using their own right
               | of freedom of speech to reply to me? Robustly.
               | 
               | Is it just that you want freedom without consequences?
               | Because you're a racist? No accusing - just "asking
               | questions".
               | 
               | You gave me _one_ link - to Wikipedia, which you then
               | seem to have an issue with the definition provided
               | therein. And no examples. Still no examples.
               | 
               | Here's a link for you - about the most sensible thing I
               | can find about woke from Oliver Dowden, Chairman of the
               | UK Conservative party who has been talking to right wing
               | "think tanks" (lobbying groups) in the US this week.
               | Well, actually not him, but it might as well be. I
               | particularly like the bit where he refuses to define what
               | woke is - seems to be all the range. Enjoy:
               | 
               | https://twitter.com/mattgreencomedy/status/14936111188996
               | 956...
        
               | baobabKoodaa wrote:
               | Ok, I'll bite. Google "Grievance studies affair". It
               | provides a chilling look into how wokes are corrupting
               | science in order to advance their political agenda. Is
               | this example sufficient for you?
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | It is not exclusive to the woke, no.
               | 
               | "I am a better parent / patriot / Christian / anti-racist
               | / Aryan / communist / whatever than you." seems to be
               | remarkably universal. Some people just love to create
               | ladders of virtue and vice.
               | 
               | But at certain times, one of those prevails. IDK if you
               | were alive immediately after 9/11. That was a period of
               | unabashed jingoism. Now, 20 years later, this fever has
               | long subsided, but there is a wave of wokism now. In
               | 2042, there will be something different, but people
               | generally react to contemporary trends.
        
               | feurio wrote:
               | Indeed. And alive immmediately before 9/11. And in the
               | 90s, and the 80s. And the 70s.
               | 
               | Jingoism subsided? Really? MAGA, America First, The BNP,
               | Britain First. Its really not gone away.
               | 
               | And surely an increase in empathy, tolerance and
               | understanding is to be welcomed. Unless your definition
               | of woke is something else - no-one who is "anti-woke"
               | will actually tell me what they think it means, just
               | vague insinuations that "they do x" with no concrete
               | examples.
        
               | kbelder wrote:
               | It feels like you're being disingenuous. If you've spent
               | time on HN and other forums, I have a hard time believing
               | you don't understand the terminology he's using. It's
               | especially pernicious, because the OP is not a native
               | English speaker, and so he may believe he's actually
               | being difficult to understand, when he's really not.
        
               | feurio wrote:
               | I don't think so. I'm just stuggling to see why being
               | alert to racial prejudice and discrimination is bad
               | thing. If you would like to explain why it is, please do.
        
               | baobabKoodaa wrote:
               | This disingenuous line of argument is reminiscent of
               | Antifa greenwashing that was common a few years ago.
               | Feign ignorance, pretend you have no idea what kind of
               | people identify as Antifa, and then ask "Isn't fascism
               | bad? So why is it bad to be anti-fascist?"
               | 
               | ...while Antifa is literally burning down cars and shops
               | indiscriminately...
        
       | BitwiseFool wrote:
       | I've also noticed that the term "willful ignorance" gets thrown
       | around a lot more nowadays. There is a sizeable contingent of
       | people who are so convinced that what they believe is the
       | absolute truth that any disagreement or critique must therefore
       | be out of malice rather than genuine disagreement.
        
         | hotpotamus wrote:
         | I'm pretty convinced the Earth is round (or an oblate spheroid
         | if you want to be pedantic about it), and I don't care if flat
         | earthers are malicious or deluded; I'm not going to waste my
         | time arguing with them either way.
        
         | RIMR wrote:
         | I think there's some nuance to this terminology, but overall I
         | prefer to use the term "bad faith" when people are saying
         | things that they know are untrue. In general, most people I
         | hear using the term "willful ignorance" are referring to the
         | same phenomenon of people lying to push their own narrative.
         | 
         | Actual ignorance is never willful, by definition of ignorance.
        
           | PathOfEclipse wrote:
           | Willful ignorance doesn't just include lying to push a
           | narrative. It's also an ailment of probably the majority in
           | modern society to both be uninformed about the issues of the
           | day and to have no interest in becoming informed. And no
           | wonder. Being informed is hard work! For any given issue, you
           | have to research a lot, and do it from multiple perspectives
           | and view points, including those you don't agree with. Then
           | you have to sort out which information you trust versus
           | distrust, and finally synthesize your own educated opinion.
           | Actually, you aren't even done then. You have to be willing
           | to continue to consider opposing ideas and be willing to
           | update your views given new information.
           | 
           | Until ~2 years ago, I was one of the uninformed masses. It
           | took the recently-intensifying insanity of American politics
           | and ascendant leftwing ideology in the past few years to wake
           | me up.
        
         | dfxm12 wrote:
         | Yes, and I think there are two things worth considering.
         | 
         | First, people put their _identities_ into their beliefs.
         | Everything is a lifestyle choice anymore. _What non-mainstream
         | belief defines me as a person?_ When you make believing in the
         | flat earth part of your identity, you get a fight or flight
         | response when someone attacks the idea of the flat earth,
         | because in a way, they are attacking _you_.
         | 
         | Second, it's easy to confirm your misinformation with more
         | misinformation! I don't think people hear something once, like
         | "the earth is flat" and just believe it. They hear it, look it
         | up, see multiple sources saying the same things (weren't we
         | taught to confirm stuff like this?), sprinkle in the smallest
         | amount of plausibility - maybe a source that otherwise prints
         | stuff you know to be true (sports scores, natural disasters,
         | whatever) also prints something about the flat earth, and there
         | you have it. You've done your homework. At this point admitting
         | you're wrong means you must admit you are ignorant and were so
         | easily duped, or that your entire education was a waste of
         | time. It takes a very big person to do that.
        
           | NoSorryCannot wrote:
           | It's always a little frustrating to me to see this framed as
           | some very recent thing to do with Twitter or whatever.
           | 
           | People have always folded beliefs into their identities and
           | felt embarrassed or defensive when they are challenged. Most
           | high-profile since forever is religion.
           | 
           | Which brings me to another frustration, when it's presumed
           | that there is something wrong with beliefs being involved
           | with identity. I'm not even sure what capital-I Identity is
           | supposed to be if not a system of beliefs about yourself and
           | the world and how they relate.
           | 
           | I don't think any of this is as new as it is often assumed to
           | be. There appears to have been a rise in "identity politics"
           | but even this is wrong; politics has always been about
           | identity, it's just that nationalism or socialism or other
           | principles can be part of someone's identity. Or in other
           | words, they are beliefs.
           | 
           | So maybe we are more individualistic in our politics, and
           | maybe that is bad. Or maybe it isn't... It's probably a mixed
           | bag!
        
         | bobthechef wrote:
        
         | HPsquared wrote:
         | Most peoples' conclusions are based on some kind of logical
         | deduction. Where people differ is the fundamental "beliefs"
         | which are treated axiomatically (taken on faith) on which the
         | logical superstructure is built.
         | 
         | Edit: people also assign different "comparative value" to
         | different things. Most value judgements involve comparing
         | apples and oranges, but one person might have a preference for
         | oranges and someone else might prefer the apples. Not for any
         | "rational" reason.
        
           | analog31 wrote:
           | I don't think we follow rigorous logic. Rather, we follow
           | chains of inferences that are plausible to us.
        
           | Tuckerism wrote:
           | I've always used the terms "lens" or "worldview" to describe
           | that starting point, and I think the most fruitful
           | conversations with people I don't agree with usually stem
           | around understanding that we do our personal calculus
           | differently, and that doesn't make them a terrible human
           | being. We both certainly believe that we have the correct
           | view (or we wouldn't hold it), we're not diminishing that
           | there is a reality where one of us is likely correct and the
           | other is wrong, but that we don't have all of the information
           | to say that someone is being willfully ignorant, as other
           | replies have stated.
        
           | daenz wrote:
           | To be fair, there are a lot of logical hiccups in people's
           | reasoning too. But when you boil those away, often there is
           | still a different value system underneath, as you suggest.
        
           | dkarl wrote:
           | > Most peoples' conclusions are based on some kind of logical
           | deduction.
           | 
           | "Some kind" is doing a lot of work there, but I think there's
           | some truth to what you're saying. My father-in-law will pop
           | out with some bizarro story about how global warming was
           | invented to cover up government collaboration with aliens, or
           | Covid-19 was created in a lab using Vince Foster's stem
           | cells, and when my wife asks where he heard it, it'll be from
           | some guy he met last week and talked to for a total of half
           | an hour while he was buying a motorcycle from him. Or maybe
           | he didn't buy the motorcycle because he didn't totally trust
           | the guy, but he believed him about the aliens. If you or me
           | repeated information from a source like that, we'd be doing
           | it in bad faith, but my father-in-law does it with a kind of
           | innocent sincerity.
           | 
           | There are a lot of people like my father-in-law, but there
           | are also a lot of people who are aware that what they're
           | saying isn't literally true, but it's a way of supporting a
           | system that they believe is wholesome for society, or at
           | wholesome to their own interests. So there's a spectrum much
           | like religion, with true believers on one end, and complete
           | unbelievers on the other end who outwardly speak and behave
           | as if they believe, because they think it's a good story for
           | little kids to grow up with and because they think it's an
           | effective shared fiction to structure society around.
           | 
           | In a sense you could say that both my father-in-law and the
           | college-educated conspiracy theorists are willfully ignorant.
           | My father-in-law sincerely believes a lot of sketchy things
           | about politics and the government, but his lack of skepticism
           | is not completely symmetrical. He is nominally in the
           | "they're all crooks" camp, but he is not as quick to believe
           | really crazy stuff about Republicans as about Democrats.
           | Against Republicans, he'll believe that they invent reasons
           | to use military hardware because they have a cozy
           | relationship with defense contractors. Against Democrats,
           | he'll believe that the military invented and perfect flying
           | saucers in the 1950s, and then Barbara Bush and Anton Levay
           | opened a portal to hell by having butt sex in a church and we
           | gave the flying saucers to the demons so if they crash people
           | will just think they're aliens. (Barbara Bush was a secret
           | Demoncrat, of course -- she was pro-abortion!)
           | 
           | There's a lot about my father-in-law's internal mental state
           | that I can't figure out from the outside. When he "believes"
           | something crazy about Democrats, he's aware that he enjoys
           | believing and repeating it, he seems to be aware that there's
           | a certain kind of scrutiny that it won't hold up under, but
           | he also regards it as actionable information in the sense
           | that he votes based on his distaste for the Democrats and he
           | cites crazy conspiracy stuff as supporting his distaste for
           | the Democrats.
           | 
           | tl;dr Most people's conclusions are based on "some kind of
           | logical deduction" in the sense that almost any cognitive
           | process can be described as "some kind of logical deduction."
        
           | User23 wrote:
           | > Most peoples' conclusions are based on some kind of logical
           | deduction. Where people differ is the fundamental "beliefs"
           | which are treated axiomatically (taken on faith) on which the
           | logical superstructure is built.
           | 
           | This doesn't align very well with my observations. I can't
           | read minds so I don't truly know anyone else's beliefs.
           | However, to the extent that I can infer possible beliefs from
           | behavior, deductive or any other form of dialectic reasoning
           | doesn't appear to play much of a role. Social proof and other
           | such phenomena appear to dominate belief formation.
           | 
           | I've found that an honest and rigorous examination of one's
           | own beliefs reveals that they are predominantly held for
           | emotional reasons. Often it's as simple as avoiding the
           | emotional discomfort of being shunned for deviating from
           | whatever your group's particular dogma is.
        
         | fortuna86 wrote:
         | > There is a sizeable contingent of people who are so convinced
         | that what they believe is the absolute truth that any
         | disagreement or critique must therefore be out of malice rather
         | than genuine disagreement.
         | 
         | I think they are less confident in their own ideas (politicians
         | aren't even required to state what policies they stand for
         | anymore!) than they are confident that the other side (or at
         | least the cartoonish version of it presented to them via allied
         | media) is wrong/evil.
        
         | president wrote:
         | Most people are not willing to have a Socratic style debate let
         | alone admit they could ever be wrong. That is the root of the
         | problem in our society today.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Also "disingenuous", which is a fancy way of saying lying.
         | 
         | Edit: that's not quite right, as throwaway894345 and xyzzyz and
         | Sohcahtoa82 have pointed out below. It's also not quite what I
         | meant (I was being hasty). The point is that 'disingenuous',
         | like 'lie', implies intent to deceive.
        
           | BoxOfRain wrote:
           | It reminds me of the House of Commons where it's permissible
           | to lie but under no circumstances can your opponent respond
           | by calling that lie out as a lie because that would be un-
           | Parliamentary language. As a result, people twist themselves
           | into all kinds of rhetorical contortions to imply someone is
           | a liar without actually making the accusation.
        
           | throwaway894345 wrote:
           | I think "lying" as more of a "your claim is outright false"
           | while "disingenuous" lends itself to more subjective forms of
           | misleading. For example, if I refer to a given protest as
           | "violent" on the basis that a literal handful (out of tens or
           | hundreds of thousands) were violent, I'm not really _lying_
           | but I'm certainly misleading people by way of my
           | characterization.
        
             | pvg wrote:
             | Both imply intent and the common messageboard usage is a
             | kind of pretend-polite way to claim someone is
             | intentionally misleading when they might simply be
             | disagreeing or just unintentionally wrong, misinformed,
             | etc. A strongly held inaccurate belief is not
             | 'disingenuous'. It's a tropey comment-cliche word that is
             | probably best avoided when addressing people you disagree
             | with online.
        
               | throwaway894345 wrote:
               | If you _call someone_ disingenuous, then yeah, you 're
               | being offensive. But if you call the _idea_ disingenuous,
               | then it 's much less offensive. If you phrase it like,
               | "isn't that a little disingenuous?" it's even less
               | offensive yet (I think "isn't that a lie" would come off
               | a fair bit more offensive). Using "disingenuous" and
               | words like it, I've had a lot of success finding common
               | ground or at least identifying the locus of disagreement.
               | 
               | But of course someone who is set on causing offense can
               | probably manage with any word.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Ideas can't be disingenuous because they don't have
               | intent to begin with. Therefore, if an internet comment
               | calls an idea or an argument disingenuous, it's calling
               | the idea-holder or argument-maker disingenuous. It may be
               | a little more indirect, but it's still an attack.
               | 
               | In my observation, that word has the opposite effect of
               | 'finding common ground', so I'm surprised to hear you say
               | that. If finding common ground is what you want to do
               | (which is great), there are other words that should give
               | you even better results.
        
               | throwaway894345 wrote:
               | > Ideas can't be disingenuous because they don't have
               | intent to begin with.
               | 
               | I don't think that's required. If I call an idea
               | "disingenuous" (or "misleading" for that matter), it
               | doesn't imply that the arguer intended to mislead, but
               | only that the idea lends itself to misinterpretation ("it
               | seems disingenuous to suggest that the protest was
               | violent on the basis of the actions of one or two out of
               | tens of thousands" <- this seems about as polite as
               | anything IMHO). But any way of suggesting that an idea is
               | incorrect or inaccurate risks causing offense--it's a
               | perilous enterprise and no matter which word you use,
               | ultimately you have to lay a lot of groundwork to
               | demonstrate good faith, common ground, etc.
               | 
               | That's my $0.02, anyway.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Dictionaries define the word in terms of human qualities
               | (dishonesty, insincerity, etc.), so I don't think this
               | argument is on solid ground lexicographically :)
               | 
               | The etmyology is interesting: ingenuous originally meant
               | noble, which is also only something that would be said
               | about a person
               | (https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=ingenuous).
        
               | throwaway894345 wrote:
               | I don't know man. I've spoken English my whole life and
               | I've never heard of anyone being confused about referring
               | to an idea as 'disingenuous' or similar. :) Certainly no
               | one (except you) has corrected me that it can only apply
               | to people. Indeed, dictionary.com offers examples of
               | "disingenuous" referring to ideas:
               | 
               | > The move has no political chance in a Democratic House,
               | but sends a clear, though disingenuous, message about
               | punishing supposed "extremism."
               | 
               | > He would rather endorse someone with genuine doubts
               | than someone with disingenuous beliefs.
               | 
               | And there are many examples in which "disingenous" refers
               | to things other than people.
               | 
               | > The etmyology is interesting: ingenuous originally
               | meant noble, which is also only something that would be
               | said about a person
               | 
               | I wouldn't be surprised at all if "(dis)ingenuous"
               | originally referred only to people but came to take on a
               | broader meaning. This happens all the time--words are
               | fluid on even very short timespans. Consider the verb
               | form of impact:
               | 
               | > Sense of "strike forcefully against something" first
               | recorded 1916. Figurative sense of "have a forceful
               | effect on" is from 1935.
               | 
               | In only 18 years the word acquired a figurative sense
               | (and I strongly suspect linguistic velocity--the rate of
               | change of language--has much increased in the Internet
               | era--although not uniformly across the lexicon).
               | Considering your Etymonline link dates "disingenuous" to
               | the 1650s, it would be surprising if this figurative
               | sense _hadn 't_ developed in the intervening ~370 years.
               | 
               | Anyway, while I do enjoy discussing and learning about
               | language, I have to get back to work. Thanks for the
               | conversation, and enjoy your day! :)
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Yes--there are subtle distinctions between these words
             | ("dissimulation" is another, but that one hasn't become
             | internet-popular). The aspect they have in common, as pvg
             | points out, is that they all imply intent to deceive.
             | 
             | Since internet commenters basically can't ever know that
             | about each other, they're not allowed to direct those words
             | at each other here
             | (https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html).
        
           | xyzzyz wrote:
           | That's not quite true. Lying is typically understood as
           | actively saying something untrue. What is more typical,
           | especially in media, is selectively sharing true information,
           | but obscuring other true information, which would present the
           | narrative in completely different light. This way, one can
           | manipulate people to have misconception about the reality,
           | without actively saying a single lie. It is still
           | disingenuous, though, if done deliberately.
        
             | dang wrote:
             | I agree, and should have known better than to post
             | something so brief about a somewhat subtle point. More at
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30350820.
        
           | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
           | I wouldn't equate them.
           | 
           | I would label a statement that is _technically_ true but
           | highly misleading as disingenuous. For example, the statement
           | "Vaccines won't prevent you from getting COVID" is
           | _technically_ true, because you can still get COVID despite
           | being vaccinated. However, it 's misleading because the
           | statement carries a strong implication that the vaccine is
           | worthless, when the truth is that is the vaccine greatly
           | reduces your chances of getting it, while also significantly
           | reducing likelihood of hospitalization and death. The
           | statement isn't a lie, but it's certainly disingenuous.
        
       | thenerdhead wrote:
       | Ever since a high school current events class, I have questioned
       | the motives of the media. This was circa 2008 after the stock
       | market crash. The common question of "why is significantly more
       | negative news highlighted than happy news?"
       | 
       | What matters to me is the truth. In times of FUD(fear,
       | uncertainty, doubt), the information dials are all set to 11.
       | It's an absolute firehose of all the above. It's less
       | misinformation to me, but rather too much information.
       | 
       | The internet does not make me feel better informed. I feel more
       | informed when I read books or scientific articles from credible
       | authors, not opinion columnists. The internet makes me confused.
       | Confusion gives me FUD. FUD makes the truth hard to decipher.
       | 
       | Although debate and dissent may help get to the truth earlier,
       | only time will be the judge. It's unfortunate that we live in the
       | present and can't have the truth earlier, but that's just life
       | for ya.
        
         | RangerScience wrote:
         | > The internet does not make me feel better informed. I feel
         | more informed when I read books or..
         | 
         | 100% this, excellent observation.
         | 
         | > FUD makes the truth hard to decipher
         | 
         | One thing I try to do now is "filter out the FUD". I think I'm
         | succeeding, but I don't know how to teach others to do it, so
         | maybe I'm not, haha. Anyway! I filter out the FUD and then look
         | at what's left.
         | 
         | To, perhaps, step in it: my current case study for this is
         | pro/anti-vax. "Both sides" definitely use and spread FUD. But,
         | when I filter out the FUD, there's almost nothing left on the
         | anti side, and still piles of stuff left on the pro side.
        
           | thenerdhead wrote:
           | Would love to learn how you filter out the FUD!
        
       | verisimi wrote:
       | "I do not think there is much evidence that misinformation has
       | become more widespread, that this increase in misinformation is
       | due to technological change, or that it is at the root of the
       | political trends liberals are most angry about. If anything,
       | people seem to be better-informed than in the past"
       | 
       | I agree. Who has the truth? Government or media? Or neither?
       | 
       | What has become worse is the centralised control of information.
       | Which then leads to those centralised sources complaining and
       | publicising of the issue.
       | 
       | On the other side, you have governance structures that require
       | the legacy media to support their messaging, as the govern the
       | populace.
       | 
       | Both work hand in hand - one provides the message the other the
       | megaphone. In the past 2 years, the government has bankrolled the
       | largest campaign in history, and the media have been willing
       | recipients.
       | 
       | Complaining about misinformation however, works for both parties
       | - it provides a self-supporting justification their actions.
       | 
       | Truth and faithfully representing reality has very little to do
       | with that "virtuous" circle between media and governance.
        
         | phreeza wrote:
         | > What has become worse is the centralised control of
         | information. Which then leads to those centralised sources
         | complaining and publicising of the issue.
         | 
         | It seems to me like the opposite is the case, there is much
         | less centralization than there used to be. There does seem to
         | be some emergent synchronization of opinions but that is not
         | the same.
        
           | baronswindle wrote:
           | I think that's what the GP means by centralized control
           | becoming worse. That is, information is less centralized now,
           | and the sources that used to be at the center are now
           | complaining about the issue.
        
             | phreeza wrote:
             | Oh ok yea that would make sense. Worse in the sense of less
             | efficient.
        
         | lnxg33k1 wrote:
         | To be honest, in Italy this issue was solved during ww-2 time,
         | a bunch of commercial newspapers from far-left to right (we
         | couldn't have far-right back then, of course :D, we still can't
         | but people has forgot and so we have now, but they can't really
         | read and write), created a cooperative called ANSA
         | (https://www.ansa.it), that is no opionion, no controlling
         | point of view, just facts as they happen (https://en.wikipedia.
         | org/wiki/Agenzia_Nazionale_Stampa_Assoc...)
         | 
         | If you force Fox, CNBC, CNN to create an agency of news
         | reporting where each one oversee the content created, in order
         | to be as objective as possible, then I think the society in US
         | would benefit
         | 
         | In Italy those newspapers do money by selling copies containing
         | the premium content, which is like reports, opinion articles,
         | more in depth opinion articles etc, which people is still
         | interested in, but for news and facts then ANSA is the source
         | of truth
        
           | baronswindle wrote:
           | We do have the Associated Press (AP), which seems similar to
           | what you describe. That said, even such sources can be guilty
           | of ideological bias if they choose to report certain facts
           | and not others. In practice, I think AP is pretty even-
           | handed, but I think that is as much a result of their
           | editorial process as it is of their focus on factual
           | reporting over opinion/analysis.
        
             | lnxg33k1 wrote:
             | Ah yeah I forgot that AP is American, it's my go-to place
             | for non-italian news, yeah ok nevermind my reply then..
             | interesting the point you make about their bias, not being
             | there and following the scenarios in person I can only read
             | it from across the ocean so I didn't know that...
        
           | kurthr wrote:
           | But Berlusconi's (finivest/mediaset) ownership of Il Giornale
           | and 3 of 7 TV channels makes that all a little less relevant
           | due to political manipulation, doesn't it?
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controversies_surrounding_Silv.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/016344370936116.
           | ..
        
             | lnxg33k1 wrote:
             | Yes and no, I would divide the news consumer between TV and
             | written/paper/internet, Berlusconi is an issue because he
             | controls a big chunk of TV easily accessible news content,
             | but I am not sure how would you solve that, if a person
             | wants to go to see news that match its point of view, then
             | you can't force him not to, and if a TV has a lot of
             | reality shows and entertainment and it mixes all of that
             | with "news" program, then yeah he can kind of decide the
             | weather, but yeah if you want un-opinionated news source
             | you can at least have that, for what it's worth
             | 
             | But the scope of my reply was about "who owns the truth?"
             | and yeah you need a place where people can go and check
             | facts that are checked by peers of other point of view
             | 
             | I would tell you about my literature professor, he would
             | walk around with multiple newspapers under his armpit and
             | suggest that "If you want to try to get the truth you need
             | to get the same fact from multiple point of view and try to
             | get it in the middle"
        
       | 0x500x79 wrote:
       | I am genuinely surprised at the comments in this thread. This
       | article starts "That said, I do not think there is much evidence
       | that misinformation has become more widespread, that this
       | increase in misinformation is due to technological change, or
       | that it is at the root of the political trends liberals are most
       | angry about", which is immediately making this a partisan issue.
       | 
       | Secondly: "The internet makes me better informed". This is his
       | perspective. Many people are not actively looking for information
       | outside of their own biases. Thirdly: "Cranks often know a
       | lot"... Should be titled "Cranks often think they know a lot".
       | Just because someone can state a fact does not mean they are
       | sufficiently educated to analyze that fact. Saying that there are
       | "vaccine side-effects" (stated in the article) does not mean that
       | Joe Rogan is able to weight the information in totality with
       | other information from the studies. After this, the article got
       | into a bunch of "whataboutism" and doesn't really compel me to
       | believe that misinformation is not a problem. I agree with
       | polarization getting worse, but could that be a symptom/signal of
       | misinformation, is there a cause/effect relationship?
       | 
       | My thoughts:
       | 
       | There are multiple categories of false information spreading on
       | the internet right now. I honestly believe that there is
       | manipulation of the public happening on all sides of this
       | problem, the thing that is still unclear is whether there is a
       | coordinated source of this manipulation or if it is organic.
       | 
       | I disagree pretty strongly with the "misinformation problem"
       | being misinformation. Anecdotally (yes, I know it's not
       | scientific but it is the same information the author is giving)
       | the amount of things shared on social media that are demonstrably
       | wrong has increased over the past couple of years. There are
       | people who truly believe that Trump was going to rally the
       | military on January 20th or whatever date to "take back the white
       | house". This got shared to numerous social media sites and was
       | reposted that the "true president" was coming back. This is one
       | explicit example, but similar things have been popping up for the
       | past couple of years and spreading like wildfire. 5G vaccines,
       | QAnon, flat earth, and many other fringe movements exist and ARE
       | misinformation, the questions is how broad these movements are.
       | 
       | If you claim that misinformation is just "information that is
       | partisan" or "wrongthink" I would urge you to dig further into
       | some real, damaging examples. I think there are times when the
       | term is weaponized, but there is a serious increase in how easy
       | it is to spread words in this day and age. The internet, social
       | media upvotes and shares, and other technological tooling has
       | made the problem worse by letting people feel validated by
       | opinions and "likeableness" of something versus things based in
       | facts.
       | 
       | Real people are dying because of perpetuated information on
       | social media and "news" outlets. Yes I understand that
       | "individualism" should let them decide whether to make that
       | choice, but there is a public health issue here when people are
       | basing that choice off of Facebook memes and shared content that
       | has no basis and gets 100k shares because it sounds cool.
        
         | t0bia_s wrote:
         | "Real people are dying because of perpetuated information on
         | social media and "news" outlets."
         | 
         | You mean those about covid or vaccines? What exactly is wrong
         | to let people choose? Why you think that what is best for you
         | should be best for others?
        
           | 0x500x79 wrote:
           | Nothing is wrong with letting people choose, forcing
           | incorrect information to people... that is wrong.
        
       | loudtieblahblah wrote:
       | If you didn't buy that Iraq had WMDs and that there was a
       | BinLaden to Saddam connection, you were on the side of
       | misinformation. The entire media and political establishment was
       | at odds with your take.
       | 
       | If you clamp down on misinformation, you're doing nothing more
       | than allowing the establishment to be wrong without consequence,
       | and creating consequence when the average person is wrong.
       | 
       | No one labeled the NY Times a perpetuator of misinformation when
       | it blatantly lied about evidence for the Iraq War.
       | 
       | Snopes and Politifact have outright lied and no one cares.
       | 
       | No one cares when the bad info, lies, buried studies or anything
       | else works in favor of power.
       | 
       | This isn't about who's right and who wrong.
       | 
       | Its about power. It's about who's allowed the freedom to be wrong
       | and who isn't. Who has the ability to manipulate the public and
       | who doesn't.
       | 
       | And the power to dictate that is the power to win every public
       | debate no matter how much merit you do or don't have.
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | I find it odd that nobody seems to mention the similarities
       | between all this and religion. Widespread belief in things that
       | can't possibly be true. Adherents can't be persuaded otherwise
       | despite incontrovertible evidence. Sounds familiar? Perhaps it's
       | baked into the firmware.
        
         | edgyquant wrote:
         | That would be odd, if nobody mentioned it.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | standardUser wrote:
         | There have been endless comparisons of Trumpism to a cult,
         | which at first seemed a bit extreme until we saw tens of
         | millions of Americans believe more and more fantastical lies
         | over the course of the last 5 years. Now, I can't imagine how
         | we can describe it as anything other than a cult.
        
       | unfocussed_mike wrote:
       | From the article:
       | 
       |  _> That said, I do not think there is much evidence that
       | misinformation has become more widespread, that this increase in
       | misinformation is due to technological change, or that it is at
       | the root of the political trends liberals are most angry about._
       | 
       | I don't know if misinformation is _at the root of the political
       | trends liberals are most angry about_ , not least because it
       | really depends on the author's definition of "liberal", a word
       | that appears to have only pejorative meaning for most people now.
       | 
       | But it definitely is interesting to consider whether for example
       | QAnon has spread more quickly than the conspiracy theories that
       | led to the First World War, not least because QAnon hasn't yet
       | started a war. Give it time.
        
         | selfhoster11 wrote:
        
         | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
         | It's interesting to consider, but the article references
         | multiple political scientists who've studied conspiracy
         | theories and concluded that they don't spread faster today. Is
         | there a reason to believe they're wrong?
        
           | lariati wrote:
           | I think this partially a myopic view from young people.
           | 
           | I remember being a little kid and watching a week long show
           | about the JFK conspiracy on either one of the big 3 networks
           | or PBS. Area 51 alien conspiracy is so ubiquitous I don't
           | even know how you would track it 30 years ago.
           | 
           | Alex Jones that is banned from youtube for all these crazy
           | conspiracy theories he puts out use to be on practically
           | nationally on AM radio stations for hours a day. The Art Bell
           | show was broadcast nightly for decades and was maybe even
           | more insane than Alex Jones.
           | 
           | It is telling that the people who are weaponizing this
           | concept of "misinformation" do not point it at all at Bigfoot
           | researchers. What is more "misinformation" than the idea of
           | giant apes running around the US forest? Of course, that
           | doesn't count because there is no political gain to be had.
           | 
           | The whole process is so transparent.
           | 
           | We basically have epistemological certainty as long as their
           | is political gain to be had from the certainty. JFK
           | assassination is probably the best example. The theta/time
           | decay has all evaporated on the political gain from the
           | conspiracy so that no longer matters.
        
             | unfocussed_mike wrote:
             | > It is telling that the people who are weaponizing this
             | concept of "misinformation" do not point it at all at
             | Bigfoot researchers. What is more "misinformation" than the
             | idea of giant apes running around the US forest? Of course,
             | that doesn't count because there is no political gain to be
             | had.
             | 
             | There's no political gain to be had on either side of the
             | Bigfoot-in-the-forest argument, in fact. Or financial gain,
             | or notoriety, or kudos. Which is why it's really _not_
             | particularly telling.
             | 
             | It's just a fringe belief.
             | 
             | Misinformation matters when its intent is to undermine
             | democracy or governance in the public good, undermine civic
             | or civil society, create an "other" that can be attacked,
             | create a pretext for war or social unrest or vigilantism
             | etc.
             | 
             | I don't think people who believe in Bigfoot really fit the
             | pattern. Nor do Flat-Earthers. Though this kind of belief
             | _is_ an indicator of the kind of credulity that led to the
             | huge traction gained by the Comet Ping Pong Pizzagate story
             | and the current omniconspiracy of antivax /QAnon/stolen
             | election/5G/Great Reset/Schwab/Soros/Gates Foundation etc.
        
             | cryptoboy2283 wrote:
             | Jones was not a problem for all these platforms for many
             | years, until recent events.
        
               | unfocussed_mike wrote:
               | I think he's always been a problem (his Sandy Hook crisis
               | actor lies got him into at least a little difficulty with
               | the platforms) but his problematic nature has always fit
               | within free speech, because he generally knows how to
               | dial it back just inside those boundaries.
               | 
               | Likewise with David Icke or the more self-limiting lunacy
               | of Kate Shemirani; these people it's better not to worry
               | about.
               | 
               | Rudy Giuliani or MTG? Maybe worth worrying about because
               | they can tip things over into riots.
        
           | unfocussed_mike wrote:
           | No (and it wasn't my intent to suggest that).
           | 
           | My initial instinct was in fact to say "yes, things are
           | faster".
           | 
           | But then thinking about it, what struck me as interesting is
           | that things that feel recent, in my head, like QAnon, are
           | rooted in manufactured falsehoods that are already six and a
           | half years old. So it's not necessarily the case.
           | 
           | It might be more interesting in some ways that QAnon _hasn
           | 't_ already started a war. Though I genuinely see no
           | particular reason why a conspiracy theory of its type could
           | not; it's not that difficult to imagine in the context of
           | human history.
        
       | joelbondurant2 wrote:
        
       | epgui wrote:
       | > I do not think there is much evidence that misinformation has
       | become more widespread, that this increase in misinformation is
       | due to technological change, or that it is at the root of the
       | political trends liberals are most angry about. If anything,
       | people seem to be better-informed than in the past -- which is
       | what you would expect because our information technology has
       | gotten better [...]
       | 
       | This kind of framing makes me feel very weary. There is plenty of
       | evidence, but I'm not interested in going on a hunt.
       | 
       | Rather, let's think for just one second about how to model this:
       | 
       | - The number of "bad actors" probably has not changed
       | significantly over time
       | 
       | - The cost of producing documents has gone down significantly
       | 
       | - The cost of diffusing documents, or information, per audience
       | headcount, has gone down significantly
       | 
       | - Overall, the total volume of sketchy information produced
       | yearly has been dramatically increasing as a result of these
       | lowering barriers.
       | 
       | - Conversely, the total volume of quality information has clearly
       | increased as well.
       | 
       | - The technological tools at our disposal, as consumers of
       | content, have become more and more sophisticated, such that we
       | now have access to more quality information than ever before in
       | History.
       | 
       | - However, consuming quality content requires constant deliberate
       | effort and prudence, and it is much easier to stumble upon crappy
       | information, than it is to find quality information.
       | 
       | - The less expert you are at a subject, the more energy is
       | required to sift through the crap.
       | 
       | - Most people are either not expert at anything, or are expert in
       | a narrow field of interest.
       | 
       | - Information no longer flows in the same way it once did: it now
       | diffuses through a social graph which is prone to significant
       | network effects. Non-experts can have a bigger influence than
       | experts, even when the information they share is entirely
       | meritless. Echo-chambers form naturally and require a lot of
       | deliberate and conscious effort to get out from. It is very
       | difficult to reach certain pockets of the graph.
        
         | fortuna86 wrote:
         | > If anything, people seem to be better-informed than in the
         | past
         | 
         | [citation needed]
         | 
         | more information =/ better informed, the same way drinking from
         | a firehose doesn't allow you to ingest more water than drinking
         | slowly from a glass. This point missed ironically by a website
         | called "slowboring.com"
        
           | bcrl wrote:
           | I would suggest that a slightly better firehose analogy is
           | that you're drinking from a firehose that includes multiple
           | streams of good drinking water, urine and poison all combined
           | together. When you drink from that firehose, what do you
           | think the odds are that you'll just get the drinking water
           | part of the stream?
        
           | brianfitz wrote:
           | I believe he was using the source article. One example was a
           | leap in public polling around how our government functions
           | (33% jump in being able to identify the three branches of the
           | US federal government).
        
           | epgui wrote:
           | Hehe I really love the firehose visual, and I think it's
           | quite apt... Except that there's also a "pollution" aspect to
           | information.
           | 
           | If you consume enough misinformation, it doesn't matter who
           | you are or how smart you are, it's going to affect the way
           | you think. Just as in terms of physical fitness, "you are
           | what you eat", in terms of mental fitness, "you are what you
           | read/hear/consume".
        
         | aaroninsf wrote:
         | I wish I could upvote this 10x though I see atm that is not
         | necessarily.
         | 
         | A very nice summary of priors and predicates that need to be
         | grokked!
         | 
         | To these I myself often add several aspects looking more
         | specifically what "social graph" means and what the so-called
         | algorithm means, with lemmas about "engagement" and its
         | industry...
         | 
         | ...and the underbelly of how the algorithm works, the
         | constellation of surveillance tracking entity resolution and
         | targeting that make up the actual functioning of "teh
         | algorithm."
         | 
         | These regularly lead me back to trying to find pithy summations
         | of specific paths through this mire, such as "deplatforming is
         | not censorship, it is failure to provide or sell a megaphone,"
         | and, "we need to reason about 1A the way we do about 2A," (ie
         | in terms of understood liberty vs aggregate societal harms).
         | 
         | Another such summation is simply to observe that the subset of
         | "the information out there" that any individual sees, and which
         | is amplified within their own social circles online and off-,
         | is the most hotly contested property in the market today. In
         | many markets.
         | 
         | Against this individual integrity and good faith often appears
         | to be but a reed in the wind.
        
           | bcrl wrote:
           | Exactly. The fundamental difference in advertising today
           | compared to 30 years ago is that for the entire of history
           | until the last 2 decades, it was _expensive_ to target
           | individuals. Ads on TV and newspapers have to adhere to
           | standards established by organizations like the Advertising
           | Standards Council. Malicious ads or propaganda that target
           | individuals with misinformation or malware or phishing can be
           | bought on modern platforms for pennies or mere fractions of a
           | penny. Nobody is being held to account for the damage they
           | are doing to our society. In the past at least the cost of
           | postage was a barrier to entry, but today? This desperately
           | needs to be fixed.
        
       | dathinab wrote:
       | The German government loves blaming troublesome newish movements
       | like vocal anti-vaxer, conspiracy theorists, some new right wing
       | groups etc. as being the fault of misinformation on Facebook
       | Whatsapp and their recently target telegram.
       | 
       | I don't think that's right.
       | 
       | Sure this modern media allows faster spread of information,
       | including manipulative information but that's mostly it.
       | 
       | In my experience (i.e. people in my environment) many people had
       | such believes long before Facebook or Whatsapp became widespread
       | in their social circle.
       | 
       | The difference was that it often wasn't noticed as much until
       | they felt threatened in their way of live, e.g. because of
       | pandemic relateed measurements. Or their conspiracies affected
       | you or made you personally angry/offended.
       | 
       | Many of this movements often had been ignored by the government
       | as "just a few crazy people" for years even when it wasn't just a
       | few people anymore (e.g. Reichsburger).
       | 
       | Some (anti-vaxer, conspiracy theorist against modern medicine)
       | have even gotten support from major political parties for years
       | (e.g. green party).
       | 
       | And sure people radicalized a lot with the pandemic, because they
       | felt threatened and insecure.
       | 
       | But the German government and public media _majorly_ made that
       | worse due to incompetence especially around media competence.
       | 
       | The problem was less the measurements taken but how they where
       | communicated.
       | 
       | And how assumptions which layer turned out to be not sure right
       | where often converted as scientific fact.
       | 
       | This created a perfect ground for evil manipulative people to
       | push people further down in the wrong direction.
       | 
       | And from what I can tell I'm 100% sure there are some (multiple,
       | distinct) highly intelligent and skilled people spreading and
       | pushing some of this misinformation for whatever reason.
       | 
       | Worse when the public media saw this problem instead of reacting
       | with honest open communication they decided they needed to be
       | even more manipulative to protect society.
       | 
       | Problem: That doesn't work if it does the manipulator to convince
       | more people by pointing out the manipulation, then through
       | manipulation on their site make it look worse and use the human
       | fallacy of thinking in "black and white" (1) to increase the
       | believe in conspiracy theories of their victims (2).
       | 
       | (2): expect that it's more like catch many propaganda then one to
       | one manipulation
       | 
       | (1): it should be obvious but in this context this has nothing to
       | do with skin color.
        
         | commandlinefan wrote:
         | > increase the believe [sic] in conspiracy theories
         | 
         | I'm old enough to remember a time before the internet, when the
         | only information sources were newspapers, magazines, radio and
         | TV. I remember reading all of those sources back then and
         | thinking, "man, there's nobody in the entire world who agrees
         | with my viewpoints on anything". I mean, you'd think that,
         | logically, if even 10% of the world agreed with me on anything,
         | at least _one_ of them would be writing for _some_ mainstream
         | media source. But they all seemed to say the same things and
         | believe the same things and agree with each other on almost
         | everything.
         | 
         | I felt like my opinions were so far out of the mainstream that
         | I didn't dare mention one to my close friends. Then the
         | internet came along.
         | 
         | The internet of the mid-90's was almost _entirely_ populated by
         | people who agreed with me on nearly everything. I thought,
         | "how could this possibly be? How could there be so many people
         | who disagree with nearly every opinion you see on TV, hear on
         | the radio or read in magazines or newspapers? Where have they
         | all been this whole time?"
         | 
         | In the past ten years or so, I've seen them slowly disappear
         | though. They dominated the discourse until around 2010
         | (roughly) but bit by bit we're coming back to the same opinions
         | I used to see on TV, Radio, newspaper and magazines back in the
         | 80's.
        
       | calibas wrote:
       | In my opinion, the campaigns against "misinformation" are largely
       | attempts by big corporations and politicians to deplatform their
       | competition.
       | 
       | Gotta make sure people only see trusted news sources that say the
       | right things.
        
         | notreallyserio wrote:
         | And IMO they're largely attempts to keep Coca Cola Inc (et al)
         | from pulling their ads because Coke doesn't want their brand on
         | sites posting QAnon/GOP talking points.
        
       | guelo wrote:
       | As someone that works on moderation of an online platform I can
       | tell you that lots and lots of misinformation exists and is read
       | by millions of people. On vaccines many people actually believe
       | the microchip, 5G, magnetic, secret ingredients, fetal tissue,
       | vaccines shedding, Bill Gates stuff. Misinformation affects real
       | people's actions in dangerous ways, I don't know what downplaying
       | its existence accomplishes.
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | Of course, the author doesn't downplay its existence, only its
         | impact. But to know that we'd have to read the post.
        
       | twa999 wrote:
       | this piece encapsulates the mindset of mainstream libs like
       | Matty, 1 billion stupid takes, Yglesias perfectly and can be
       | summarized as "yeah maybe these normal people were right on some
       | things and I dismissed that without knowing anything, but I was
       | still right to dismiss that because they're stupid".
       | 
       | it's now safe for Bari Weiss to ask some questions on TV that
       | "normal people" have been asking for quite some time now and were
       | called all sorts of things by the same people.
       | 
       | We will see more articles like this.
        
         | johnNumen wrote:
         | Exactly. I loved how even in this piece he managed to sneak in
         | some jabs at the people he doesn't like--he just didn't call
         | them "misinformed." Progress!
        
       | stephc_int13 wrote:
       | 100% agree.
       | 
       | Misinformation and propaganda only seem worse now because it is
       | more diverse and we are collectively better at seeing it.
       | 
       | If anything, it is more difficult now to mislead masses.
        
       | yehosef wrote:
       | An important measure of "misinformation" is who benefits if the
       | information is actually true or false. Also valuable to identify
       | who has the financial capacity to influence the sources of
       | "truth".
        
       | engineer_22 wrote:
       | Misinformation has always existed.
       | 
       | I think the emergent phenomena that we are seeing is simply a
       | scaled up version of the problems Plato pointed out in the
       | Republic.
       | 
       | The REAL problem, is that democracy as an organization if people
       | isn't going to produce a society of freedom and justice, no,
       | democracy produces a hedonic society. So the question becomes,
       | how do we LIVE with that?
        
         | truffdog wrote:
         | Is it even scaled up, or is it just more legible to elites
         | because they can see what the masses are saying?
        
         | scsilver wrote:
         | Isn't modern hedonism just freedom to pursuit happiness without
         | necessitating context of religious frameworks. I don't see what
         | makes you think hedonism isn't sustainable or stable.
         | 
         | Democracy has been the biggest boost to science and rationality
         | than any of the other government structures.
        
         | thatguy0900 wrote:
         | I mean if hedonism is what you are concerned about the only
         | difference is democracy brings hedonism to the common man
         | instead of just the elites. And even then the elites can afford
         | to be more hedonistic than than the common man anyway. Anyone
         | with power has always been a hedonist in any form of
         | government.
        
       | mschuster91 wrote:
       | > More generally, I think a lot of excessive worry about
       | "misinformation" is driven by the erroneous belief that more
       | factual information would resolve political disputes.
       | 
       | The key thing that journalism should do is take factual
       | information and provide context. If 99.999% of scientists claim
       | the earth is a ball and 0.001% claim the earth is flat, _for
       | fucks sake don 't present these two things as equal_. With
       | vaccines it's the same. Just how much airtime was given to people
       | blathering that vaccines cause autism, which is a decades-old
       | debunked fraud? Way too much.
       | 
       | And the result of that lack of providing context in media (or,
       | worse, outright and willing deception of the Alex Jones class) is
       | what is the problem. When media or government institutions prove
       | that they are not willing to do their job, people end up not
       | trusting them - which then leads to the disconnect between wide
       | swaths of the population and factual truth we're seeing.
        
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