[HN Gopher] The race to reconnect Tonga
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       The race to reconnect Tonga
        
       Author : jonathan-adly
       Score  : 68 points
       Date   : 2022-02-14 14:50 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (graphics.reuters.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (graphics.reuters.com)
        
       | pchristensen wrote:
       | If you find this at all interesting, you have to read Neal
       | Stephenson's classic Wired article about undersea cables -
       | https://www.wired.com/1996/12/ffglass/
        
         | jeffrallen wrote:
         | Came here to post that, great minds think alike!
        
           | zeeb wrote:
           | Ditto; great article.
        
         | irrational wrote:
         | Thanks for posting this. What a fascinating read.
         | 
         | > one early inventor wanted to use 26-wire cables, one wire for
         | each letter of the alphabet.
         | 
         | I'd love to know how he thought that would work. How did he
         | plan on knowing the order of the letters? What about spaces and
         | other punctuation?
        
           | WJW wrote:
           | The way I'd do it would be to have a big 26-light display,
           | each corresponding to one letter. Then you'd light them up
           | one at a time and have the receiving clerk write down the
           | letters one by one. Efficient? Not very, but I can see how
           | someone without a lot of information theory knowledge (as
           | almost all early inventors would be) would land on that idea
           | first.
        
         | divbzero wrote:
         | The article can also be found in _Some Remarks_ [1], a
         | collection of his essays and short fiction.
         | 
         | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Some_Remarks
        
       | c54 wrote:
       | Always impressed by the amount of engineering which goes into the
       | undersea cables and into fiber optic connections in general. One
       | interesting takeaway (at the risk of mentioning an elon company)
       | is that current-gen satellite connectivity will be massively
       | improved by constellations like Starlink, providing a really nice
       | option to disaster zones and places where normal physical
       | connectivity is interrupted.
       | 
       | We might even see reduction of dependence on undersea cables in
       | general, which seems good considering the passages on fishing,
       | seafloor disruption, and the whole bit about "uhh yeah
       | _sometimes_ these cables are salvaged... "
       | 
       | I am curious about the effects on deep sea marine biology in
       | sensitive areas... most of the ocean floor is desert, but do we
       | have total knowledge about all the places these cables are going
       | through? By fishing activity are we talking about deep sea
       | trawling? The presence of fishing activity implies at least the
       | non-sea-bed areas are in fact not deserted.
        
         | hermitdev wrote:
         | From the article, sounds like their currently contracted
         | satellite connections are having trouble due to lingering
         | volcanic ash. Would Starlink fare any better against volcanic
         | ash?
        
         | ncmncm wrote:
         | The assumption is always that the deep sea bottom is a desert,
         | but everywhere anybody looks, anywhere, they always find
         | something living there.
         | 
         | That said, the amount of cabling is actually very small vs. the
         | size of the ocean, which is bigger than anybody can really
         | comprehend.
        
         | MauranKilom wrote:
         | I'm surprised how much you seem to worry about ecological
         | impact of deep sea cables... Are there _that_ many? And even if
         | each one were a complete disaster all the way (which seems
         | virtually impossible), it would be... like a one meter strip
         | across the entire ocean that is affected, out of 2500 km?
         | 
         | Could you elaborate what impact you are concerned about?
        
       | throw0101a wrote:
       | Richard Steenbergen regularly gave/gives a presentation called
       | "Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Optical" at NANOG:
       | 
       | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nKeZaNwPKPo
       | 
       | This is fibre optics in general. For long distance stuff (>40km)
       | you want to do a search for "coherent optics". A lot of these
       | long distance fibres have multiple signals going down one glass
       | using different colours ("lambdas") which are (de)muxed; see
       | Dense Wave Division Multiplexing:
       | 
       | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dum8UXtbN3o
        
       | aaron695 wrote:
       | Since last time this article was discussed RE: Starlink
       | 
       | > No ground station near by - https://starlink.sx/
       | 
       | > No lasers online -
       | https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1482424984962101249
       | 
       | Starlink is going to put in a ground station -
       | https://au.pcmag.com/networking/92316/spacexs-starlink-worki...
       | 
       | How the cable might break, obviously the pretty small explosion
       | wouldn't break a cable but it might have been the same probable
       | cause of the tsunami, a landslide (which has a lot of energy) -
       | 
       | Insights into submarine geohazards from breaks in subsea
       | telecommunication cables -
       | https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2014.40.
        
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       (page generated 2022-02-14 23:01 UTC)