[HN Gopher] The Wason Selection Task
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       The Wason Selection Task
        
       Author : yimby
       Score  : 19 points
       Date   : 2022-02-08 18:52 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.philosophyexperiments.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.philosophyexperiments.com)
        
       | V__ wrote:
       | Every time I come across this or similar examples, the phrasing
       | always tricks one into thinking "A therefore B" and "B therefore
       | A". As soon as it's clear that is not the case, the problems
       | become relatively easy.
       | 
       | I would really like to see two test groups given this test and
       | one gets the aforementioned warning. I believe this test doesn't
       | really test logical thinking, but our biases about what we think
       | the rules are implying.
        
         | gweinberg wrote:
         | The problem is, if you read the rule as "if and only if", then
         | you always have to look at everything, right? But I I think a
         | lot of people who get the answer wrong only apply the only if
         | logic one way. That is, if the rule is "a circle on one side
         | must be yellow on the other", they'll check the yellow side to
         | make sure it has a circle (even though it doesn't have to), but
         | they won't check the square to make sure it isn't yellow. They
         | "understand" that a square on one side and yellow on the other
         | is allowed when they see a square, but not when the see a
         | yellow.
        
         | nicoburns wrote:
         | > I believe this test doesn't really test logical thinking, but
         | our biases about what we think the rules are implying.
         | 
         | The most interesting thing this brings up is a bimodal
         | distribution of answers between those that take a "quick
         | intuitive answer" approach and those that a "stop and think
         | through it carefully" approach. This can be influenced in
         | towards either method by priming the testee as you suggest. But
         | the fascinating thing is that if you _don 't_ do this, you find
         | that each individual has an innate preference towards one or
         | other method.
         | 
         | This is one of the main subjects of Daniel Kahneman's book
         | "Thinking Fast and Slow" (see also: "Maps of Bounded
         | Rationality" if you'd rather read something journal article
         | sized), and along with introversion/extraversion constitutes
         | one of the primary axis of the MBTI.
        
           | V__ wrote:
           | Funny you bring this up. Last time I came upon this test, I
           | took the time and solved it correctly. Today I was watching
           | YouTube in another tab and just clicked through it and got it
           | totally wrong.
           | 
           | Thank you for the MBTI reference, will check it out.
        
         | mcphage wrote:
         | I think the question is phrased pretty explicitly to be of the
         | form "If A then B". Are you saying that they're being
         | misleading? Or are you saying that the normal english meaning
         | of "If A then B" is "A therefore B and B therefore A"?
         | 
         | The later might be the case--"or" is another case where the
         | logical connective and normal interpretation differ; the
         | logical "or" is inclusive, but the standard english meaning is
         | exclusive. Then the fact that people are more likely to get
         | question 3 correct is due to the fact that we're more familiar
         | with the situation, and so already know that "If A then B"
         | really is the logical connective.
        
           | V__ wrote:
           | I don't think they are intentional misleading. It's just that
           | most people don't read correctly stated logical statements
           | often and might interpret more meaning into the sentence than
           | was intended.
        
           | bberenberg wrote:
           | It's not asking you to test the card alone. It's asking to
           | test the rule as it applies to the card. You have to check
           | ABBA or you're not actually applying the rule to the card.
           | This seems like QA done by an engineer vs QA done by someone
           | who cares about QA. The "right" answer here is wrong.
        
         | abeppu wrote:
         | > I believe this test doesn't really test logical thinking, but
         | our biases about what we think the rules are implying.
         | 
         | I agree, and I think for this reason the ordering of the
         | questions is important. I think people correctly understand the
         | rule about drinking, and handling that question first might set
         | people up to correctly interpret the other rules.
        
       | dinkleberg wrote:
       | Am I wrong in thinking that some of these answers while correct,
       | are correct for the wrong reason?
       | 
       | I know this is pedantic, but not sure if this is just them
       | explaining it oddly or if I'm thinking about it incorrectly.
       | 
       | [Spoilers?]
       | 
       | It says:
       | 
       | Yellow. It is not necessary to turn this card over. The card is
       | showing yellow, therefore, we already know that the rule is
       | upheld. The rule only requires that when a circle appears it is
       | paired with yellow. We already have the requisite yellow, so
       | there's no problem even if there's a circle on the other side of
       | the card.
       | 
       | A therefore B doesn't mean B therefore A. We don't flip over the
       | yellow card because nothing tells us that a yellow card needs a
       | circle on the other side. Not because it is yellow and we know
       | that the circle is on the other side, because we don't know.
        
         | Closi wrote:
         | Their explanation seems fine to me, if a little awkward.
         | 
         | > We don't flip over the yellow card because nothing tells us
         | that a yellow card needs a circle on the other side. Not
         | because it is yellow and we know that the circle is on the
         | other side, because we don't know.
         | 
         | If a card is yellow, it doesn't matter what is on the other
         | side, so we don't have to check it. Either it is a circle, in
         | which case the rule is upheld, or it is any other shape, in
         | which the rule is still upheld.
         | 
         | In the case of the red card, it DOES matter what is on the
         | other side, as if it is a circle the rule is broken.
        
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