[HN Gopher] Words known better by males than females, and vice v...
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       Words known better by males than females, and vice versa
        
       Author : yurivish
       Score  : 449 points
       Date   : 2022-02-09 17:15 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (observablehq.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (observablehq.com)
        
       | feintruled wrote:
       | This startled me in the same way as a really excellent magic
       | trick. You are convinced it's not going to catch you out, but
       | then it does. I pride myself of having a wide vocabulary (or so I
       | thought) and the premise sounded unlikely to me and yet I knew
       | all the male words and didn't know the majority of the female
       | words. What an eye opener!
        
         | aidenn0 wrote:
         | I actually knew most of the words; apparently though I'm in the
         | minority of men for not knowing _taffeta_. After looking it up,
         | I 'm slightly surprised that _tulle_ is so much lower than
         | _taffeta_ given that both are used in gowns and I run into
         | references to _tulle_ in poetry all the time[1].
         | 
         | On the other hand, I am in good male company for being
         | completely mystified by _peplum_ only to find it 's another
         | word for "overskirt."
         | 
         | I'm also in the 1/8 of all men in not recognizing the word
         | _shemale_ , though if wikipedia is right it's just she-male
         | missing the hyphen? Perhaps I was primed by all of the fashion
         | words but I read it with a french pronunciation...
         | 
         | 1: e.g. https://poets.org/poem/because-i-could-not-stop-
         | death-479 (written by a woman)
        
         | kelnos wrote:
         | I had the same thought! I (rather arrogantly) assumed that I
         | would know most or all of the "female" words. Turned out I
         | recognized less than half, and could define only a couple.
        
         | Yajirobe wrote:
         | Meh, the female ones don't seem to be English (at least a lot
         | of them). The male ones are mostly international words.
        
           | dymk wrote:
           | If they're not English, aren't the female words also
           | international words then too? Why's that meh?
        
           | eckmLJE wrote:
           | they're all english
           | 
           | - peplum - late 17th century: via Latin from Greek peplos .
           | 
           | - boucle - late 19th century: French, literally 'buckled,
           | curled'.
           | 
           | - pessary - late Middle English: from late Latin pessarium,
           | based on Greek pessos 'oval stone' (used in board games).
           | 
           | - doula - 1960s: modern Greek, from Greek doule 'female
           | slave'.
           | 
           | - chignon - late 18th century: from French, originally 'nape
           | of the neck', based on Latin catena 'chain'.
           | 
           | - tulle - early 19th century: from Tulle, a town in SW
           | France, where it was first made.
           | 
           | etc
        
             | AlgorithmicTime wrote:
        
             | blueflow wrote:
             | Having had latin in school, i understood some of the female
             | words via their latin word roots.
        
             | dimitrios1 wrote:
             | Interesting, doule in modern greek just means work.
             | 
             | Doula is one I would have never known had it not been for
             | the pregnant women in my life.
        
               | abrezas wrote:
               | Doula (doula) in modern Greek is female slave.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | brimble wrote:
           | The female words are largely romance language loan words
           | because they're related to textiles and fashion and, in the
           | English speaking world, France and Italy dominate those
           | fields (or did for a long enough time, historically, that
           | tons of the terminology comes from their languages, anyway).
           | 
           | They're still English.
        
       | jolen33 wrote:
       | I don't know how much flak I will get for making a comment like
       | this, but feel it's important to point out the data is obviously
       | biased for (or at least the article doesn't specifically call
       | out):
       | 
       | 1. Western society's influence 2. Cultural background influence
       | 3. Sex assigned at birth influence
        
         | heurisko wrote:
         | > 3. Sex assigned at birth influence
         | 
         | I'm not on-board with appropriating literature on DSDs, where
         | sex was to some extent "assigned" in cases of ambiguity.
         | 
         | It's an appropriation that serves a political viewpoint that
         | sex as an internal feeling, rather than a reality that is
         | recorded; not assigned.
        
       | jl6 wrote:
       | Wish we had more females commenting here. For what it's worth, my
       | wife knew hardly any of the "female" words either.
        
         | ramshorns wrote:
         | It might still be a biased sample. Probably most people on this
         | website regardless of gender are interested in science and
         | technology.
        
         | janeerie wrote:
         | One data point here - I knew all the female words and 15 of the
         | male words. I definitely feel more confident about what the
         | female ones mean, though.
        
       | quus wrote:
       | I did not know "strafe" which I guess a lot of guys do?
       | 
       | "Gauss" I just thought of the mathematician; forgot it was a
       | science thing.
       | 
       | I'm not at all sure what to make of where "shemale" ranks
        
         | Hjfrf wrote:
         | Strafe in shooter games is a movement relative to the direction
         | you're facing without turning.
         | 
         | So on a standard two-stick controller layout your left stick is
         | strafe and your right is aim.
         | 
         | I expect more people have played halo than flown planes.
        
         | vlozko wrote:
         | Strafe a pretty commonly used word when dealing with
         | first/third person shooter video games. Probably self
         | explanatory why more guys know it.
        
         | Semaphor wrote:
         | I think strafing has something to do with combat aircraft (a
         | strafing run, probably fly by shooting?), but where I know it
         | from, is early shooters (haven't played any in over a decade,
         | not sure if that word is still used), strafing was moving
         | sideways.
         | 
         | edit: my guess for the actual meaning was close-ish:
         | 
         | > Strafing is the military practice of attacking ground targets
         | from low-flying aircraft using aircraft-mounted automatic
         | weapons
         | 
         | > The word is an adaptation of German strafen, to punish,
         | specifically from the humorous adaptation of the German anti-
         | British slogan Gott strafe England (May God punish England),
         | dating back to World War I.
         | 
         | -- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strafing
         | 
         | And I might as well post the gaming page:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strafing_(video_games)
        
         | thelopa wrote:
         | Re "shemale": I wonder what other slurs they included in the
         | data set. I have a hard time believing "shemale" is the only
         | slur with gender polarization.
        
         | ReactiveJelly wrote:
         | "Shemale" is such a great punchline.
         | 
         | I was reading these thinking "Oh fuck, I know all the male
         | words and none of the female ones, I'll never pass as a woman
         | with a vocabulary like this".
         | 
         | At the bottom, "Shemale". Tada! That's why I know all the male
         | words! I'm a sh**ale!
        
       | jedberg wrote:
       | Like a lot of other commenters here, I knew all the male words
       | and some of the female ones (which I mostly picked up after we
       | started trying to have children or actually had them), but what I
       | found most interesting was going down the list of words and
       | getting stumped at exactly the spot where more women than men
       | know the word (but now I know what chambray is!).
        
       | zwieback wrote:
       | I'm a techno-nerd guy but knew all those fabrics most guys
       | apparently don't. In my early 20s I was really into sewing, which
       | is fascinating from an engineering perspective, highly recommend
       | as a hobby to get you away from that monitor. Both the tools and
       | processes used in sewing are really interesting.
        
         | burnished wrote:
         | Most of the fabric words I have distinct memories, as an adult,
         | of asking some one (usually a woman) what the word meant. Tulle
         | in particular was hilariously difficult to figure out.
        
           | AussieWog93 wrote:
           | >Tulle in particular was hilariously difficult to figure out.
           | 
           | Tulle is just orange bags, but not orange. The more you know.
        
       | AndriyKunitsyn wrote:
       | I wonder what it means to "know" a word.
       | 
       | If I know that progesterone is some kind of a hormone, but I have
       | no idea what it does, do I know this word?
        
         | raydev wrote:
         | There are several words in this chart that I cannot associate
         | with _anything_ , nor recall having seen them before. At least
         | personally, I would say I know a word by knowing under what
         | context it can be used, and I don't even have that.
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | Weird choice of vocabulary to study - fabric and fashion words
       | stressed for women, and techno-babble for men. Was the vocabulary
       | completely random, or was this result forced by anticipating the
       | outcome?
        
         | function_seven wrote:
         | Random. The results shown here are the words with the largest
         | disparity between the sexes. The total list was almost 62,000
         | words.
         | 
         | https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13428-018-1077-9
        
           | JeremyNT wrote:
           | Thanks for the link. Here's a little bit of detail about
           | their sample gathering, which I found interesting:
           | 
           |  _The test was made available on a dedicated website
           | (http://vocabulary.ugent.be/). Access to the test was
           | unlimited. Participants were asked whether English was their
           | native language, what their age and gender were, which
           | country they came from, and their level of education. For the
           | present purposes, we limited the analyses to the first three
           | tests taken by native speakers of English from the USA and
           | the UK.Footnote 1 All in all, we analyzed the data of 221,268
           | individuals who completed 265,346 sessions. Of these, 56%
           | were completed by female participants and 44% by male
           | participants._
           | 
           | The site encourages participation with a hook similar to that
           | used by many online quizzes:
           | 
           |  _Word test
           | 
           | How many English words do you know? With this test you get a
           | valid estimate of your English vocabulary size within 4
           | minutes and you help scientific research._
           | 
           | Is this a representative sample? I doubt it. Probably it went
           | viral in some specific communities.
           | 
           | Maybe there's still something interesting to learn from it...
           | but I'd take it with a grain of neodymium.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | onion2k wrote:
         | The "male" words aren't technobabble though. They're just
         | scientific language. The data certainly seems to very clearly
         | represent the impact of the historical bias in education,
         | entertainment, and _the world in general_ to emphasise
         | "science" as a pursuit for males and "craft" as a pursuit for
         | girls.
        
           | newsbinator wrote:
           | Not necessarily clearly external bias. I can think of an
           | alternate possible explanation.
        
           | errcorrectcode wrote:
           | If technobabble, I'd be disappointed to not see "interposer"
           | or "hash table" listed.
        
           | ALittleLight wrote:
           | "Historical bias in education" seems like a bad justification
           | that just draws on modern buzz words. Girls outperform boys
           | in every subject in school, science included, and always have
           | in our modern education system (last century or so). The idea
           | that girls are getting worse education is not plausible.
           | 
           | On the other hand, there is an obvious explanation, which, I
           | feel all of us with sufficient exposure to both genders must
           | know - which is that women tend to be more interested in
           | fabrics and fashion and better learn that vocabulary while
           | men are more interested in the science (or science fiction)
           | and technical terms and learn that vocabulary.
           | 
           | https://time.com/81355/girls-beat-boys-in-every-subject-
           | and-...
        
             | vineyardmike wrote:
             | > On the other hand, there is an obvious explanation,
             | which, I feel all of us with sufficient exposure to both
             | genders must know -
             | 
             | I read this and immediately assumed you were going to say
             | its obvious that women are taught how to behave, and that
             | they're taught things related to what they're supposed to
             | know.
             | 
             | Your comment alone is enough proof that society is _telling
             | women they aren 't supposed to like science_. Any young
             | engineer reading HN may start/continue to subconsciously
             | question their affinity to the field.
             | 
             | Women ARE taught that they don't belong in stem fields, and
             | that science is not for them. I was picking out books for a
             | 5yo girl and boy twins for christmas recently, and the nice
             | lady at the bookstore told me to get a glittery princess
             | book for the girl and a scientist book for the boy. It was
             | not a malicious act meant to keep women out out science,
             | but just something we take for granted in society. Fromm a
             | young age we tell girls what is and isn't for them,
             | subconsciously.
             | 
             | IEEE has studied the affects of engineering graduation and
             | job retention, and its correlated to a womens self-identity
             | as an engineer and their perception that they belong.
             | Starting from a young age, society is damaging that
             | perception. I'll link one study, but they've done a number
             | of studies, including tracking workplace treatment of
             | coworkers, and women are consistently treated worse and are
             | questioned more and trusted less.
             | 
             | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5673614
        
               | ALittleLight wrote:
               | Quick question: In which societies on Earth is this trend
               | reversed? Since women's relative disinterest in science
               | apparently comes from society, and there are many
               | societies on Earth, surely there are some societies in
               | which women are more interested in science than men,
               | right?
               | 
               | All of this stuff seems like obvious post hoc
               | rationalization. You know girls aren't taught to be
               | engineers because relatively few engineers are women. Are
               | we socializing young girls to be accountants, claims
               | adjusters, or advertising specialists? If girls are just
               | reading sparkly books about princesses where do they get
               | the idea to become accountants? (Accountants, by the way,
               | are close to an even split on gender)
               | 
               | The survey you cite is pretty meaningless. They survey
               | some engineering freshman and then find a few questions
               | where the results are statistically different between men
               | and women.
               | 
               | "We conducted t-tests to determine gender differences in
               | survey responses. We found that women tended to have
               | lower self-efficacy perceptions: they reported less
               | confidence in their ability to complete the physics
               | requirements (5.75 vs. 6.13, p < .05), less confidence
               | that they could do well in an engineering major during
               | the current academic year (5.75 vs. 6.07, p < .05), and
               | less confidence that they could complete any engineering
               | degree at this institution (5.08 vs. 5.41, p < .05). In
               | contrast, women reported higher outcome expectations than
               | men: they reported greater agreement with the statement
               | that engineering will allow them to find a well-paying
               | job (6.48 vs. 6.33, p < .05), and that doing well at math
               | would increase their sense of self-worth (5.66 vs. 5.46,
               | p < .05). "
               | 
               | So - women tended to have less confidence but higher
               | expectations for their career and that's supposed to be
               | evidence that society teaches women they can't be
               | engineers?
        
               | vineyardmike wrote:
               | > You know girls aren't taught to be engineers because
               | relatively few engineers are women
               | 
               | No its clearly that there are few engineers who are women
               | because we teach them they shouldn't be. You got it
               | backwards. There is ample evidence of this.
               | 
               | > Accountants, by the way, are close to an even split on
               | gender
               | 
               | Thank you for this example, by the way. I've never seen a
               | single children's book on accounting, and its pretty
               | even. I've seen lots on science, doctors, construction,
               | nursing, etc. And they're pretty non-even careers.
               | 
               | > If girls are just reading sparkly books about
               | princesses where do they get the idea to become
               | accountants?
               | 
               | Because sparkly princess is not a job and most people
               | need a job. We're not teaching anyone to be an accountant
               | from a young age and people do it because it interests
               | them. But when we teach only men to be engineers... we
               | get a gender imbalance.
               | 
               | > Quick question: In which societies on Earth is this
               | trend reversed?
               | 
               | This is a really weak argument. 1. There are plenty of
               | matriarchal societies throughout history. 2. The identity
               | of science as we see it in western society today is a
               | relatively western idea that doesn't translate well
               | historically. Euro-mediterranian history dominates our
               | cultures idea of science, and that cultural history is
               | male-leader dominated. Plenty of societies across the
               | world had women do things, but we just learn about what
               | happened in Europe (from men).
               | 
               | As you said in another comment, women outperform men at
               | school, so why do they have lower confidence? That seems
               | like a discrepancy that has a logical social explanation
               | (they're told they don't belong, so they aren't confident
               | in their work). Studies have proven this. Unless you
               | think women are unconfident as a matter of biology?
               | (studies have not proven this)
               | 
               | Aside, have you ever talked to a female engineer? MANY
               | will tell you they were not pushed to be an engineer, and
               | that they face sexism and were constantly told they're
               | not supposed to be there. Many experience higher levels
               | of criticism and mistrust over their work compared to
               | male coworkers.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | > Quick question: In which societies on Earth is this
               | trend reversed?
               | 
               | Iran, oddly enough; about 70% of STEM graduates are
               | women.
               | 
               | More generally, though, the trend in the west has been,
               | for any given subject, it's all male, then there are one
               | or two women, then a few more, and suddenly a tipping
               | point is hit and it's 50/50 within a few years. This
               | happened to medicine and later biology and then chemistry
               | in most places. I'd expect the pattern to continue.
        
             | bccdee wrote:
             | > women tend to be more interested in fabrics and fashion
             | 
             | Why? There are only two possible answers: Either there's
             | some sort of genetic predisposition for women to care about
             | fashion (quite a claim!), or that disposition is a product
             | of the way we raise girls.
             | 
             | Given that we _know_ our culture strongly associates
             | fashion with women, and we _don 't_ have any evidence for
             | some "fashion gene," historical bias in how we rear our
             | children is simply the least presumptuous hypothesis
             | available to us.
        
               | User23 wrote:
               | If we view fashion as part of an effective female mating
               | strategy, which it observably is, then it's unsurprising
               | that success at that intrasexual competition would be
               | selected for.
        
               | ALittleLight wrote:
               | If we were to enter a mental clean room where nothing we
               | knew of life on Earth could accompany us, and then sit
               | and speculate about the nature of men and women, I agree
               | that we would have no reason to suspect an interest in
               | fashion might be related to biology. At least, I doubt I
               | would come up with the connection.
               | 
               | In reality we know that there are biological differences
               | between men and women. We know these differences affect
               | the brain in terms of size and structure. We know these
               | differences affect the mind in terms of personality and
               | emotional experience. Should we expect that men and women
               | have identical biological predispositions towards areas
               | of interest? I would say no. Given that we then expect to
               | find differences of interest stemming from biology, and
               | that we have found a difference in interest, and that
               | there isn't a plausible alternative...
        
               | bccdee wrote:
               | > Given that we then expect to find differences of
               | interest stemming from biology, and that we have found a
               | difference in interest, and that there isn't a plausible
               | alternative...
               | 
               | There _is_ a more plausible alternative though. Our
               | society demonstrably raises boys and girls differently,
               | and we know for a fact that the way we raise children
               | affects who they are. In fact, women were much more
               | common in the field of computer science until a cultural
               | shift around the  '80s that saw computers portrayed as
               | "boy toys" [1], so we know this affects things as complex
               | as career aspirations too.
               | 
               | Contrast that plausible and well-supported hypothesis
               | with the other one: "There are biological differences
               | between men and women. They affect many things. Therefore
               | it's plausible that there is some effect on personal
               | interest. Therefore it's safe to assume that any given
               | difference in personal interests between sexes can be
               | attributed to biology." This isn't even logically sound;
               | it's fallacious to say that, if X affects Y, any
               | behaviour exhibited by Y is likely attributable to X.
               | 
               | And this is still all a-priori non-empirical reasoning;
               | there's no evidence that sex is responsible for areas of
               | interest at such a granular level as this, while we do
               | have such evidence for culture (e.g. pink used to be a
               | boys' colour [2]).
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/what-
               | happened-all-... [2]:
               | https://www.cnn.com/2018/01/12/health/colorscope-pink-
               | boy-gi...
        
               | ALittleLight wrote:
               | Person 1: I've just measured a thousand men and women.
               | I've found that men are typically taller than women. This
               | is because our society systematically underfeeds infant
               | girls so they don't grow to be as tall as their male
               | counterparts.
               | 
               | Person 2: That's horrible! Is there any evidence of this
               | systematic underfeeding?
               | 
               | P1: None at all.
               | 
               | P2: But, society at large tacitly endorses the practice
               | of underfeeding young girls?
               | 
               | P1: Not at all. In fact, it would be a horrible scandal
               | and a severe and rare crime if anyone were found to be
               | intentionally depriving an infant girl of nutrition.
               | 
               | P2: So... why do you think this is the explanation for
               | height differences?
               | 
               | P1: Well, it would explain my results in a way that
               | accords with my political beliefs.
               | 
               | Your argument seems similar to Person One's argument.
               | There just is no evidence that we are not educating girls
               | fairly in science or any other domain. As I've previously
               | referenced girls outperform boys in science (as well as
               | every other subject) and have for the last century. It
               | would, in fact, be a huge scandal if some school system
               | were found to be educating girls differently.
               | 
               | You are pointing at these really small things, like
               | commercials targeting toys to boys versus girls. You
               | assume that these small things cause major changes (as
               | opposed to companies targeting their commercials where
               | they find they get the best return). You ignore giant
               | influences like the education system which does a better
               | job educating young girls in science and math than boys.
        
               | bccdee wrote:
               | > Is there any evidence of this systematic underfeeding?
               | 
               | I provided evidence that our cultural ideas of what
               | careers are and aren't masculine impacts women's
               | interests in terms of career path. You provided no
               | evidence that interests are a product of sexed brain
               | chemistry. Your height analogy makes no sense and doesn't
               | match up to our discussion.
               | 
               | > There just is no evidence that we are not educating
               | girls fairly in science or any other domain.
               | 
               | I never argued that schools discriminate against women by
               | offering them a worse education in those areas. I argued
               | that our culture encourages certain interests above
               | others in boys and girls by gendering those interests.
               | Consider the example I linked, where the number of women
               | pursuing careers in computer science fell precipitously
               | after messing with computers became coded as a "boy
               | hobby."
               | 
               | > You ignore giant influences like the education system
               | which does a better job educating young girls in science
               | and math than boys.
               | 
               | Girls get higher marks than boys in every subject, and
               | the discrepancy is actually less pronounced in STEM
               | fields [1]. But this is really irrelevant to our
               | discussion.
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/girls-
               | get-better-...
        
               | sharikous wrote:
               | Have you been around babies and small children? Or spoken
               | with someone who has raised them?
               | 
               | Differences in character are evident between children,
               | and statistical differences between boys and girls are
               | very visible.
               | 
               | Your argument has a flaw. It's right we don't have
               | evidence for the fashion gene but it's also right we know
               | the female and male brain are different and behaviors are
               | different (even if we cannot pinpoint the cause of the
               | difference we see different behavior). It is sufficient
               | to consider the genetic explanation as possible.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | You're dismissing millennium due to a generation of
             | reasonable parity in education, and entirely dismissing
             | culture passed between generations of women. My grandmother
             | wouldn't really know any of those fabric words, she grew up
             | on a plantation in the 30s. Probably means she's not a
             | woman.
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | > which is that women tend to be more interested in fabrics
             | and fashion
             | 
             | So, this is actually quite a modern phenomenon. At some
             | point in the early 19th century, high status menswear
             | started evolving into a near-uniform (it's finally started
             | to pull away again a bit in the last few decades), while
             | women's clothes started going in the opposite direction,
             | especially in the early 20th century. But before that, high
             | fashion was very much a male-focused thing. If someone in
             | 1750 in Europe was obsessed with different fabric types,
             | they'd be likely to be a wealthy man.
             | 
             | (For an example of this, see Pepys' Diary; he goes on about
             | fashion constantly.)
        
               | ALittleLight wrote:
               | I don't believe we have anywhere near the data needed to
               | reliably describe the vocabulary or interests of the
               | people of the 19th century. Most of all history is
               | narrowly focused on the goings on of elites - which may,
               | or may not be broadly representative. I don't think we
               | have quantitative studies or surveys of populations from
               | that time.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | Oh, yeah, we basically only have what the elites wrote.
               | Fashion would generally have been an elite thing then,
               | though; it simply wasn't accessible to normal people.
        
           | not2b wrote:
           | Not just craft, for "doula" there's a reason women know that
           | word more than men do.
        
             | dnautics wrote:
             | pessary too, though oddly, I knew that one.
        
               | SilasX wrote:
               | Same (male) but only because it came up in the context of
               | reading Wikipedia deep dives that led to court cases
               | blocking their import[1] and the Hippocratic oath, which,
               | oddly enough, prohibits administering them (along with
               | abortion):
               | 
               | "Similarly I will not give to a woman a pessary to cause
               | abortion."
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippocratic_Oath#Earliest_s
               | urv...
               | 
               | Edit: But even then, I didn't know e.g. what they looked
               | like, or anything _about_ them specifically.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._One_Pa
               | ckage_o...
        
           | HideousKojima wrote:
           | Or the innate biological preferences caused by biological
           | sex?
           | 
           | Even baby male monkeys prefer to play with trucks while baby
           | female monkeys prefer to play with dolls.
           | 
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2755553/
        
             | uncomputation wrote:
             | > dolls
             | 
             | Small clarification: the feminine-analogous toys used in
             | the original (Hasset, 2008 [1]) study were plush rather
             | than the more common plastic dolls sold to children.
             | Although the difference may or may not be minor, it does
             | remind me of the famous Harlow monkey experiment where
             | monkeys showed a preference for the soft "mother" figure
             | over the biologically sustenance "mother" figure.
             | 
             | Edit: Another commenter has already perpetuated this very
             | misunderstanding it seems. Out of the Hasset female-coded
             | toys, only one (a Raggedy Ann doll) was "anthropomorphic."
             | All six others were animals.
             | 
             | [1]: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2583786/
        
             | bccdee wrote:
             | These aren't trucks and dolls though. It's a pretty big
             | leap from "female monkey babies prefer anthropomorphic
             | toys" to "adult women are biologically predisposed to a
             | deeper understanding of textiles." A cultural explanation
             | is much more parsimonious.
        
               | quocanh wrote:
               | I think the point is that a significant part (majority?)
               | of our culture is defined by our biology and nearly all
               | is at least influenced by biology.
               | 
               | The ultimate counterexamples would be societies where
               | women are in charge of the engineering/construction and
               | to my knowledge there are none which is a sign that
               | there's something deep within our psyche which drives
               | these interests. I'd love to hear counterexamples if
               | anyone has them though.
               | 
               | If we could figure it out then maybe we'd figure out how
               | to get more women into the STEM fields. Lord knows we've
               | been trying.
        
               | bccdee wrote:
               | > a significant part (majority?) of our culture is
               | defined by our biology
               | 
               | That's a very strong claim. Obviously everything's
               | _influenced_ by biology to some extent (imagine what
               | society would look like if we had no thumbs), but  "to
               | some extent" is doing a lot of legwork there, and it's
               | quite a reach to say that the majority of our culture is
               | defined by biology based on that.
               | 
               | Engineering and construction are pretty modern fields --
               | how many societies have had engineers? Ours plus Rome
               | plus not many others. But look at something like cooking,
               | which _is_ old: There 's tons of weird gender stuff there
               | that varies between societies. Why is grilling masculine
               | if baking is feminine? Other societies have similarly odd
               | gender-food rules too.
        
               | quocanh wrote:
               | I'd settle for any society where women built the huts.
               | Nearly every society has needed to construct some form of
               | shelter or build some sort of tool. Basketweaving comes
               | to mind.
               | 
               | Grilling and baking are great examples of what I'm
               | talking about. Actually, in the past baking was seen as a
               | _masculine_ activity. Ovens used to be much more
               | dangerous than now. You had a dedicated town Baker just
               | like you had a Blacksmith. Over time with the invention
               | of gas and electric appliances and the proliferation of
               | cheap baked goods, baking became a luxury. Now it 's a
               | _feminine_ activity. If danger determines masculinity
               | /femininity, then that would also explain why grilling is
               | considered _masculine_. I 'm sure there's a biological
               | explanation out there for why men are attracted to danger
               | (or at least don't mind it) while women are repelled by
               | it.
               | 
               | To find some sort of culture that isn't influenced by
               | biology, we would have to find some aspect of culture
               | that we invented in our heads. For example, religion or
               | philosophy or law. There are a ton of examples out there.
               | But when we examine the culture that organically forms, I
               | think there's a biological explanation for most of it.
               | Maybe even all.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | > _I 'm sure there's a biological explanation out there
               | for why men are attracted to danger (or at least don't
               | mind it) while women are repelled by it._
               | 
               | I think you have the motivations a little incorrect. My
               | guess would be that men traditionally took care of the
               | dangerous jobs because they wanted to protect the child-
               | bearing members of society from them. As a fertile man,
               | you're more likely to pass on your genes if you keep
               | women out of harm's way.
               | 
               | So yes, this does count as a "biological reason" for men
               | and women going different ways, but you seemed to be
               | implying that these biological reasons had more to do
               | with brain structure and development, which I don't think
               | is supported by what we know.
        
               | quocanh wrote:
               | But you have to ask why men step up to take the dangerous
               | jobs? We didn't sit down and have a Socratic discussion
               | about who takes which job. I posit that it's more than
               | merely logic, that the motivations are rooted in our
               | intuition.
               | 
               | It's also simply not true that this is not supported by
               | what we know. "Common sense" says that men die younger
               | than women. And indeed we can find statistical proof of
               | this wherever we go. Take car accidents. No one wants to
               | get into a car accident. Yet men are 3x more likely to
               | die in car accidents than women.
               | 
               | https://www.statista.com/statistics/192074/drivers-in-
               | fatal-...
               | 
               | Getting into car accidents yourself doesn't prevent
               | child-rearing members of society from getting into car
               | accidents of their own. What else explains this gender
               | difference? Maybe men have worse vision? Worse reaction
               | time? Are women stronger at turning the wheel than men?
               | Maybe men are more distractable than women? I think not.
               | People who have been driven by both mom and dad know: men
               | drive more dangerously than women do.
               | 
               | Every statistic related to safety shows that men are more
               | willing to get into danger than women. Even in suicide
               | rates, men are more likely to succeed, even with women
               | trying _more often_.
               | 
               | https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190313-why-more-men-
               | kil...
               | 
               | There are so many examples like this. It's almost
               | certainly true that men have a higher predilection for
               | danger compared to women that is driven by some
               | biological factor. If you think it's not the mind, then
               | you would have to come up with a different explanation
               | for every disparate piece of evidence out there. Not that
               | it's impossible, but there's a simpler conclusion to
               | draw.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | There are significant behavioural differences between the
               | sexes in basically every animal. Even among mice the
               | males are more inquisitive and take more risks than the
               | females, so you find many more males than females in
               | traps etc. Female animals tend to care much more about
               | children. There is no reason to believe that humans
               | evolved past this and all our differences are just us
               | planning it out rationally.
        
               | bccdee wrote:
               | > If danger determines masculinity/femininity, then that
               | would also explain why grilling is considered masculine.
               | 
               | I think this is motivated reasoning. From what I can
               | tell, the "grilling is manly" thing started in the '50s
               | (well after cooking stopped being dangerous) and is
               | mostly limited to the United States (instead of being
               | universal, as we would expect with something
               | biologically-motivated). And what's the difference
               | between frying, roasting, and grilling? All involve using
               | a gas-operated cooking device to cook meat (assuming you
               | own a gas stove); they're all equally safe.
               | 
               | Not only does this strike me as being cultural, this
               | strikes me as _obviously_ cultural. And yet you dismiss
               | that out of hand and go looking for a biological
               | explanation ( "grilling is extra dangerous") that doesn't
               | really line up with the facts of the example. So it seems
               | to me that you're engaging in motivated reasoning --
               | assuming that masculinity _can 't_ be a product of
               | culture, reaching for biological explanations even when
               | they don't really make sense.
        
               | quocanh wrote:
               | The discussion here is: what parts of culture are
               | motivated by biology? It's obviously cultural. But what
               | is motivating the culture?
               | 
               | Also interesting to me that grilling is manly started in
               | the 50's. That seems to be about the time that household
               | appliances like microwave were getting popular, no? Maybe
               | men who liked to cook needed to find a manly outlet.
        
               | caeril wrote:
               | > Engineering and construction are pretty modern fields
               | 
               | The mental tasks required of engineering are far, far,
               | far, older. Things like abstract reasoning, distance
               | estimation and measurement, rotation and scaling of
               | objects, maps, and abstract shapes in one's head, ability
               | to standardize and compute measures and weights, etc,
               | were all adaptations that improved our effectiveness at
               | hunting, building shelter, and both defense against, and
               | offense toward, opposing tribes.
               | 
               | Modern engineering is an enormous pile of abstractions on
               | top of "Grog think rock weigh seven stick".
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | >> _" If we could figure it out then maybe we'd figure
               | out how to get more women into the STEM fields. Lord
               | knows we've been trying."_
               | 
               | It's only a mystery if you ignore the ample writing and
               | research on the topic. Most people don't want to be
               | somewhere they're not wanted. This also impacts men in
               | fields they don't dominate like nursing and K-12
               | education, so it's got nothing to do with stereotypes
               | about how different gender assignments cope with
               | adversity (the usual thing wheeled out to explain it).
        
               | quocanh wrote:
               | 1) I think it's worth removing all gender-based forms of
               | adversity from every field. These do exist in STEM fields
               | in the forms of biases and microaggressions. It's not
               | evil - it's human. It's just what naturally happens when
               | a field is dominated by one group and our minds forms
               | patterns. We must always take a conscious effort to
               | combat it.
               | 
               | 2) Women may not be interested (organically) in certain
               | STEM fields. It's still worth figuring out if we can
               | change that. Only after understanding what it would take
               | should we have a discussion of if its worth it. The
               | benefits are real. Every field could benefit from having
               | more diversity in perspectives - just like every species
               | benefits from having diversity in traits.
        
               | convolvatron wrote:
               | computing used to literally be womens work.
        
               | superdisk wrote:
               | Computing back then was more like typing numbers into
               | machines rather than writing software. It's akin to
               | typewriting jobs which were also dominated by women.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_(occupation)
        
               | quocanh wrote:
               | I don't know much about computing as a profession, but
               | wasn't it just algorithmic arithmetic?
        
               | convolvatron wrote:
               | yes. but perhaps more apropos I am old enough to have met
               | some of the women programmers (not calculators) from the
               | earlier generation when I started in the 80s. its
               | completely anecdotal, and you may attribute this to many
               | factors, but the likelihood that someone I met was more
               | competent, informed, and/or more clever than I was
               | greater for females than males.
        
               | quocanh wrote:
               | Well it's not about who is more clever. I think the
               | research shows that its pretty even between men and women
               | after all is said and done. It's about what naturally
               | interests us and there are differences there.
        
               | convolvatron wrote:
               | maybe. I just have seen a time when it wasn't unusual to
               | see a highly-regarded and competent woman in software.
               | not that they were the majority. so I'm alot less
               | inclined to just accept that there are important genetic
               | differences that inherently make women less suitable for
               | that kind of work.
               | 
               | maybe team genetic-differences should be adopting the
               | burden of proof
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | My grandmother was a programmer working at a university,
               | so I know. Nobody here said women aren't suited for that
               | type of work. It is just that when video games became
               | mainstream in the 80's you saw an avalanche of boys
               | wanting to learn to program, and ever since then the
               | field has skewed heavily male, like most other
               | engineering fields where you build things that moves. My
               | grandmother might have been a programmer, but she was
               | never interested in computers as a hobby, it was just
               | work to her.
               | 
               | Note that the number of women entering the field didn't
               | decrease, it was just the number of men increasing so
               | much.
        
               | JoeAltmaier wrote:
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | The ability to recognize verbena as a word is not encoded
             | on the X chromosome.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | Are you sure there's not a gene for fabric preferences?
        
               | noasaservice wrote:
               | It is _your_ job to prove that.
               | 
               | It is not our job to disprove your half-baked
               | suppositions.
        
               | vineyardmike wrote:
               | Its HN so you never know with things like this, but i
               | think it was a joke meant to emphasize the ridiculousness
               | of the argument that women are genetically predisposed to
               | liking fabric craft.
        
               | HideousKojima wrote:
               | No, but the preferences and life choices that would lead
               | to someone being exposed to and learning that word are in
               | part due to sex dimorphism.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | BeefWellington wrote:
             | There are other differentiating factors there that could
             | lead to the preference choice that are not related to
             | whether something is mechanical in nature. Things like
             | color, texture, etc. have been shown to have strong biases
             | between the sexes.
             | 
             | A possible control they did not employ during the study
             | would be to have a series of toys that were identical in
             | all ways except color, for example.
             | 
             | Also *very* worth noting:                   As shown in
             | their Fig. 1, when play time with toys is examined in human
             | children (Berenbaum and Hines,1992) and rhesus macaques of
             | all ages, males spend significantly more of their play time
             | with the "male" toy(s) than with the female toy(s), while
             | females spend about equal times with "male" and "female"
             | toys. This is true both for frequency of interactions and
             | in time spent playing (Hassett et al., 2008). **Therefore,
             | one key difference between males and females in these
             | studies is that males actually show a toy preference while
             | females do not!**
             | 
             | (Emphasis mine)
        
           | JoeAltmaier wrote:
           | I have my doubts that most people can give a correct
           | definition for those scientific words. So even if one person
           | is familiar with the general area, it doesn't say much about
           | their education. Perhaps about their preferences in media.
        
           | commandlinefan wrote:
           | > historical bias
           | 
           | How historical are you going back here? I'm almost 50 years
           | old and as far back as I can remember, everybody with any
           | authority was working non-stop to teach science to girls and
           | crafts to guys - even to the point of rejecting guys from
           | science classes.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | I'm almost 50 years old and I don't recognize your
             | childhood.
        
             | BeefWellington wrote:
             | I'm not sure where you lived but geography and politics
             | likely plays a factor here.
             | 
             | It absolutely wasn't this way when I did my schooling and
             | I'm younger than you, growing up in Canada.
             | 
             | Another point to consider, aiming at a target doesn't mean
             | hitting it. It's why you haven't seen the outcry about boys
             | in stem until the past half decade or so. General public
             | opinion and culturally ingrained sexism are very difficult
             | boats to steer.
        
               | nick__m wrote:
               | I am sure it's a regional thing as I experienced that
               | part of his statement:                 everybody with any
               | authority was working non-stop to teach science to girls
               | 
               | but I cannot say the same on that one:
               | crafts to guys - even to the point of rejecting guys from
               | science classes.
        
             | dnautics wrote:
             | I'm pretty sure that in most of my science classes
             | (biochemistry/biology), outside of advanced grad-level
             | organic synthesis, which then had a "fighter pilot
             | jock"-vibe, the gender ratio was 50/50 _if not more female
             | than male_ , so this trend goes back 20+ years. But if you
             | look at the list, the scientific terms skew physics, and
             | for... cultural reasons, I suspect the non-specialist
             | penetration of a lot of those terms probably skews male.
        
               | djur wrote:
               | Exactly. Many respondents who know "parsec" don't know it
               | because they're astronomers, they know it because the
               | Millennium Falcon made the Kessel Run in less than twelve
               | of 'em.
        
               | bitwize wrote:
               | Or, in second place, because you played the game on
               | TI-99/4A.
        
               | commandlinefan wrote:
               | > the Millennium Falcon made the Kessel Run in less than
               | twelve of 'em
               | 
               | That's a good point - I wonder if the question was "do
               | you recognize this word?" or "can you correctly define
               | this word?" (followed by a quick check)
        
               | djur wrote:
               | This study uses self-reported recognition of the word.
               | Later in the study they compare their results to other
               | tests that try to identify understanding of the words'
               | meaning.
               | 
               | I also wonder if there's any gender differential between
               | male and female respondents in willingness to say they
               | "know" a word that sounds vaguely familiar... and if the
               | sound of a word also affects people's willingness to take
               | a leap. The study doesn't seem to have included fake
               | words or anything like that to catch guessers out (and I
               | don't think that was relevant to what they were trying to
               | determine, anyway).
               | 
               | I wouldn't be surprised to learn that male respondents
               | are more likely to take a leap for "piezoelectricity" or
               | "thermistor" than they would be for "peplum" and
               | "chignon".
        
               | nuccy wrote:
               | Oh wow, you are right! I came to comment on exactly my
               | surprise on seeing "parsec" as one of the "best-known"
               | (whatever it means in this study) words.
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | " _...rejecting guys from science classes._ "
             | 
             | Do you have a source for this?
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | > Weird choice of vocabulary to study
         | 
         | I think you're confused. These are not words they chose to
         | study - these are the words with the largest difference in
         | recognition, from a larger corpus of words.
         | 
         | You're projecting some kind of pre-bias onto the researchers
         | that I don't think is there.
        
           | JoeAltmaier wrote:
           | Perhaps you're right. I read their methodology and it seems
           | fair. They did solicit demographic info from the
           | participants, but didn't mention if before or after word
           | testing. There's still wiggle room there for bias, but
           | probably not.
        
         | seanicus wrote:
         | Plenty of female otaku/anime fans out there but anecdotally I'd
         | say that it's still primarily male. Nowhere near as male as it
         | was in the 90's/00's, though.
        
           | edflsafoiewq wrote:
           | Amusingly I only knew "freesia" because its the title of a
           | manga.
        
           | not2b wrote:
           | My daughter is a huge anime fan but yes, still primarily
           | male.
        
             | commandlinefan wrote:
             | My daughter is a huge anime fan, but she's not watching the
             | anime where the yakuza defend their bushido with katanas.
        
               | burnished wrote:
               | oh is she watching the one where the katanas defend the
               | yakuza from bushido? its really good
        
               | dnautics wrote:
               | I take it she's also not watching the ones where the
               | space robots jump into the air at azimuth 90, disengage
               | their ailerons to get out of the atmosphere, then travel
               | several parsecs in an femtosecond with their boson drive?
        
       | fudged71 wrote:
       | Is it possible to see a larger list?
        
         | spiznnx wrote:
         | Check out ESM 2 from the study, which includes all 60k words.
         | The Male vs Female prevalence is the third sheet in the xlsx.
         | 
         | https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.3758%2Fs134...
        
           | fudged71 wrote:
           | Top 50 female:
           | 
           | peplum tulle chiffon chignon bandeau garland freesia chenille
           | kohl tarragon taupe cohosh bodice taffeta primrose trimester
           | verbena doula murderess ruche tresses amorous boucle peony
           | damask antagonistic sarong stridor zoological beau espadrille
           | mimosa skittles guacamole pessary shirtdress underwire caddy
           | chambray colicky grosgrain jacquard progesterone wallflower
           | bangle bin clairvoyance fibroid menopausal whipstitch
           | 
           | Top 50 male:
           | 
           | catacomb strafe parsec depressurize shemale bushido bailout
           | hafnium numeral contextualize teraflop neodymium femtosecond
           | tomahawk piezoelectricity paladin kevlar yakuza neurotoxic
           | moonlit crosshair afterburner gigabit trailblazer
           | randomization katana howitzer thermistor enabler codec
           | claymore airstrike derby banshee submersible mach flaccidness
           | checksum boson aileron unplayable preciously encyclopedic
           | siege gauss gaijin degauss unranked servo reverb
        
       | hirundo wrote:
       | Diverse results on a word comprehension test probably correlates
       | with cultural diversity better than ethnicity does. It could be
       | easier and more reliable to assemble a culturally diverse
       | workforce via word comprehension clusters than by personal
       | history. It's not hard to see how diversity measured like this
       | can contribute to a team. It would tend to add people who have
       | interests orthogonal to each other, broadening their joint
       | perspective.
        
       | janandonly wrote:
       | All the words on the female side seem to be fake words (except
       | for two) ?
        
         | jfk13 wrote:
         | I take it you're a roughly-average male?
        
       | puffoflogic wrote:
       | Fascinating; as a man, I can roughly define every single better-
       | known-by-men word in the chart ("bushido" gave me the most
       | trouble); whereas of the better-known-by-women words, I recognize
       | only three and can define them very poorly (without checking my
       | answers to a dictionary: I believe that "kohl" is some kind of
       | mineral cosmetic [historical?]; "verbena" is an herb; and I'm
       | most sure of "sateen" being a kind of cotton cloth which can be
       | used in bedding).
        
         | glonq wrote:
         | Kohl is that store where you can buy last season's clothes for
         | like 80% off ;)
        
       | pmarreck wrote:
       | The fact that "shemale" is the most well-known male word really
       | speaks to the sexual insecurity of males
        
         | ReactiveJelly wrote:
         | How's that? Sure it's a slur and not as proper as "woman with a
         | penis", but the fact that men are looking at porn of trans
         | women, hey at least they think we're hot, right?
        
           | pmarreck wrote:
           | Heh, yeah, I don't like the slur aspect, but regular straight
           | dudes (especially if they have even a slight inclination
           | towards nonstraight) seem tremendously preoccupied with their
           | masculinity or lack thereof. I thought it was a sign of that
           | and not necessarily interest, but interest is fine!
        
       | vbtemp wrote:
       | Fascinating. I could explain, in detail, every single much-
       | better-known-by-men word. I did not recognize a single better-
       | known-by-female word, with the exception of doula.
        
       | jdprgm wrote:
       | This was interesting but just wanted to note they defined "known"
       | based off of a test where you are asked yes/no on a series of
       | words based on if they are an actual English word or made up. Not
       | remotely if you can accurately define/use them and they didn't go
       | into details on how often people were voting "yes" on words that
       | turned out to not even exist. I would be absolutely shocked in a
       | random sample of American men if even 20% could accurately define
       | "aileron" or "azimuth".
        
       | kelnos wrote:
       | Checks out, at least anecdotally. I recognized (and could define)
       | every one of the "male" words, but I recognized only 6 of the
       | "female" words, and could probably only define one or two of
       | them.
        
       | mcguire wrote:
       | _Note:_ "known" means recognized versus non-words.
        
         | lkbm wrote:
         | Ah, that's a good catch. I'd have trouble providing a precise
         | definition for a lot of these, but I know them. ("servo" is
         | some type of engine; "degauss" is a button I pressed on CRTs to
         | make them go "boing"; a "doula" helps with birthing _somehow_
         | in a non-medical capacity.)
        
           | Kye wrote:
           | A servo is the movey bits that move the movey bits on the
           | killbots.
        
         | bccdee wrote:
         | oh _that 's_ interesting -- I assumed the bar was being able to
         | loosely define the words.
        
       | BlameKaneda wrote:
       | It's interesting to me that the Japanese words in the table,
       | "bushido", "katana", and "yakuza" are more known to (this dataset
       | of) men than women. The fashion-related words (taffeta, chignon,
       | espadrille, etc) being known more to women makes sense to me, but
       | I'm not sure why the three Japanese words are more known to men.
        
         | commandlinefan wrote:
         | I'd be curious to see the skew among native Japanese speakers -
         | I'm assuming the test in the link was run on Americans.
        
           | djur wrote:
           | English speakers. If you look at the original study they have
           | a similar breakdown for US vs. UK, which is almost more
           | interesting.
        
         | djur wrote:
         | I'm skeptical about the result for katana, though. Women are
         | almost as likely to know "boson" as "katana"?
        
           | rsynnott wrote:
           | The word 'boson' was in the news quite a lot for the last
           | decade or so, due to CERN. The word 'katana', not so much.
        
           | brimble wrote:
           | I doubt that _particular_ word (katana) would be quite so
           | permanently stuck in my head if not for watching Teenage
           | Mutant Ninja Turtles a lot as a kid. That was a show that was
           | for-sure aimed at boys.
           | 
           | The other places I could imagine having encountered it enough
           | for it to have stuck are action video games and Japanese or
           | Japanese-influenced action cinema & anime. I have some very
           | confident guesses at how male and female interest rates in
           | those would break down.
        
             | errcorrectcode wrote:
        
               | brimble wrote:
               | Sure, any particular person may buck their cohort trend,
               | but that doesn't mean the trend's not there. Just as I'm
               | sure there are some guys really into sewing or fashion
               | who'd look at the original list and think, of the mostly-
               | women part, "of course I know these, who doesn't?"
        
               | errcorrectcode wrote:
               | Personal bias ftw.
        
         | rozab wrote:
         | An intersection of military history, video games, and weeb-dom.
         | 'Yakuza' is notably a popular and long-running video game
         | series
        
         | bryanrasmussen wrote:
         | I would think, given your username, that you would have a
         | feeling that these male words are more 'badass'?
        
           | HideousKojima wrote:
           | Yeah, I'm pretty sure the gender ratio of "people who have
           | seen Akira" is probably 10:1 male:female
        
             | bryanrasmussen wrote:
             | come on, I made sure every girlfriend I ever had learned
             | all about it shortly before breaking up with me!
        
         | onion2k wrote:
         | _It 's interesting to me that the Japanese words in the table,
         | "bushido", "katana", and "yakuza" are more known to (this
         | dataset of) men than women._
         | 
         | Those three words in particular feature heavily in lots of
         | video games and films. That could explain some of it.
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | The Yakuza were in a season 8 episode of The Simpsons in
           | 1997. That would help make it a perfectly cromulent word for
           | a lot of people.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | japanese cultural appreciation is heavily indexed on nerd
         | culture and that's heavily men. just an additional audience to
         | skew the metrics.
        
           | bitwize wrote:
           | The biggest weebs I knew in college were _women_. Sailor Moon
           | is woefully underestimated in terms of how much it
           | contributed to redressing the nerd gender balance. I won 't
           | say that it's completely redressed, but female anime fans and
           | japanophiles are considerably more prevalent now than in
           | decades past.
           | 
           | Now, the bits of culture that concern swords and warrior
           | codes of honor? Yeah, those are boy things, mainly.
        
             | vmception wrote:
             | yeah that reminds me its something I've noticed too.
             | 
             | although I encountered something similar, in my schools
             | they were a very distinct subculture defined by their
             | affinity to Japanese culture, whereas what I see now
             | amongst younger people is that many more attractive popular
             | well adjusted women (people in general) are ok with or into
             | anime, that style, and non-US cinema at all. I like this
             | outcome.
        
           | errcorrectcode wrote:
           | Weird Al should have a yakuza-themed album with about half
           | nerdcore and half alternately shouting and squealing in
           | Japanese.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | bitwize wrote:
             | Sounds like the rappers from _Snow Crash_.
             | 
             | For the closest real-world analogue, check out m-flo.
        
               | errcorrectcode wrote:
               | Cool.
               | 
               | I was just thinking there ought to be an AI chat agent
               | that can recommend music based on themes and mood,
               | perhaps with a periodic, paradoxically-opposite sense of
               | humor.
        
         | valarauko wrote:
         | My guess is that their martial link is why more men know of
         | them, rather than the fact that the words are Japanese. I would
         | suspect that the same would hold true for martial words of non-
         | Japanese origin as well.
        
           | jbay808 wrote:
           | Like "Howitzer" (~85/~55).
        
         | burnished wrote:
         | A code of honor, a sword, and a mob. These are stereotypically
         | masculine topics, and also words that appear in video games and
         | movies, sometimes as the title itself.
        
         | errcorrectcode wrote:
         | Dudes are all secretly gangsta OGs working up the food chain to
         | be a baws someday.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | Oh, the _fast food_ chain, you mean.
        
             | errcorrectcode wrote:
             | If those jobs haven't been automated yet. Brought to you by
             | Carl's Jr.
             | 
             | https://shiftwa.org/fast-food-chains-announce-automation-
             | pla...
        
       | readthenotes1 wrote:
       | I call Bull... Non replicability on this one. Maybe half the guys
       | have heard or seen femtosecond, but I don't believe if you polled
       | a random sampling of men that they would know off the top of
       | their head what its actual duration is.
        
         | in_cahoots wrote:
         | Agreed. Same with checksum.
        
         | throwaway48375 wrote:
         | >For each vocabulary test, a random sample of 67 words and 33
         | nonwords was selected. For each letter string, participants had
         | to indicate whether or not they knew the stimulus.
         | 
         | Nowhere in the study were they asked to define it.
        
       | hanoz wrote:
       | Strange. All the male words are perfectly commonplace, and all
       | the female ones appear to be completely made up.
        
         | wnoise wrote:
         | Tell me you're male without telling me you're male.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | avinash wrote:
         | Same for me. What a coincidence!
        
         | Aspos wrote:
         | Let me guess...
         | 
         | Such dataset could be used as a gender captcha.
        
           | netsharc wrote:
           | There's a comic strip I saw once about how to detect people
           | pretending to be girls on online chats. Ask them "what do you
           | think of [I can't remember the word]?" and if they go "Huh?"
           | you know they're pretending to be a girl. The word was a word
           | that meant decoration on windows, but I can't remember what
           | it is...
        
         | function_seven wrote:
         | This is brilliant. Like that time the psychiatrist showed me
         | endless silhouettes of my parents fighting, and kept asking me,
         | "What do you see here?"
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | I had the same experience. Googling them, I see the following
         | categories:
         | 
         | - (Women's) clothing and cosmetics (peplum, bandeau, kohl,
         | espadrille, whipstitch)
         | 
         | - Hair style (chignon)
         | 
         | - Fabrics and weaving (ruche, boucle, chenille, voile, sateen,
         | jacquard, damask, chambray)
         | 
         | - Women's health (pessary, doula)
         | 
         | - Flowers (Freesia, Verbena)
         | 
         | Interestingly, half of these words aren't even in Firefox's
         | dictionary it seems. Even with "English (United States, large)"
         | some words are underlined with red squiggles.
         | 
         | Most excessively male-recognised words seem to come from
         | technical fields or science, or Japanese culture, weirdly
         | enough. The only explanation I can give for most men seemingly
         | knowing "shemale" is porn.
         | 
         | My conclusion for this data: men tend to know fewer words
         | relating to clothes and aesthetics, women tend to know fewer
         | words relating to science and Japanese culture. As the
         | recognition for "female" words is much lower than that of the
         | "male" words, I'd say that this is because of a lack of men
         | with knowledge about clothes.
        
         | ndm000 wrote:
         | At first I thought "all the female words must be in some other
         | language".
        
           | TulliusCicero wrote:
           | It does seem like the female words are more obviously foreign
           | (specifically French) whereas the male words tend towards
           | being more technical.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | djur wrote:
             | I'm seeing Greek, Latin, Japanese, German, and Danish just
             | skimming the "male words", and plenty of the "female words"
             | have been used in English for ages. I think that's more a
             | familiarity effect.
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | Of course the roots of English include Greek and Latin
               | and German, but words like femtosecond or
               | piezoelectricity or teraflop or milliamp are technical
               | terms, not old but standard words imported from another
               | language. Maybe "femtosecond" was used by Danish
               | scientists in the 1800's or something, but it's
               | definitely not a word that was _common_ in another
               | language and then imported into English.
        
               | BeefWellington wrote:
               | Maybe "femtosecond" was used by Danish scientists in the
               | 1800's or something, but it's definitely not a word that
               | was common in another language and then imported into
               | English.
               | 
               | Worth noting that by the percentages here fewer than 50%
               | of males surveyed were familiar with it.
        
               | djur wrote:
               | "Chambray", "chignon", "bandeau" etc. are also standard
               | technical words imported from another language.
        
             | rjvs wrote:
             | The female words are technical too, just in a different
             | field to the one you are in.
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | That's fair. I guess I meant "technical" in the sense of
               | being associated with math/science/engineering.
        
         | antisthenes wrote:
         | Thanks, that cheered me up this morning! :)
        
       | errcorrectcode wrote:
        
         | jvanderbot wrote:
         | So, let me clarify.
         | 
         | You claim your vocab is sufficiently large that you should have
         | known all the words, and as you suggest, exhibit a strong bias
         | towards male-known words illuminated by the study, and
         | therefore suspect the entire dataset is fraudulent because you
         | didn't recognize the female-familiar words?
         | 
         | Is this satire? "Study showing males don't know certain things
         | deemed completely fraudulent by person on internet technology
         | forum. 'I would have known those things if they were real',
         | claims person of unknown gender known as 'errcorrectcode' on
         | forum 'hacker news'."
        
           | jerf wrote:
           | Honesty compels me to admit that I also expected not to be
           | surprised by the female side of the graph, and was quite
           | wrong (I got 4ish).
           | 
           | In hindsight, I realize the error I made is that even if I
           | have an above average vocabulary, there is still going to be
           | the _extreme outliers_ of gender-connected words that I
           | shouldn 't expect my vocabulary to overcome. It may well be
           | the case (and I'm serious here) that there's only another
           | dozen or two words "female words" that I wouldn't recognize.
           | I certainly doubt it runs for another few hundred words. But
           | it shouldn't be surprising that there the extreme outliers
           | are things I have entirely missed.
           | 
           | For instance, I knew what a doula is... but only by the skin
           | of my teeth, so to speak, by overhearing my wife discussing
           | it with other women at a very specific time in our lives that
           | has only happened a limited number of times. If it had so
           | happened I'd whiffed those windows of perhaps a few minutes
           | total in my entire life, I'd still not know.
           | 
           | Femtosecond, by contrast, heck I've seen that hundreds of
           | times easily. My wife has the requisite science training to
           | know what that is, even if I'm not sure if she's ever used
           | it. As it so happens just a couple of months ago I used
           | "thermistor" in front of her and had to explain the word. She
           | understood the concept just fine (again, had the requisite
           | science training) but was not familiar with the word. Perhaps
           | a bit ironically, it was in the context of describing how to
           | fix kitchen temperature probes that were misreading.
           | 
           | (Since that may make someone curious, they can misread if
           | water makes it down to the thermistor part. You can fix it by
           | leaving it in a 200 degree oven for a while. Protip: The
           | probe end goes in the oven, the plastic end stays outside. A,
           | err, "friend" of mine can attest to the fact that if you cock
           | that up through sheer idiocy, it may still work afterwards,
           | but the plastic end certainly gets an exciting new modern art
           | look.)
        
           | errcorrectcode wrote:
        
         | kzrdude wrote:
         | I was curious and used a dictionary on words I didn't know. You
         | can try the words there!
        
         | advisedwang wrote:
         | Sateen is not "phony/archaic/marketing". Its a totally
         | legitimate word. Same with the other female-known words.
         | 
         | I'm guessing you're male? Consider maybe your assessment is
         | just part of the same gender-difference that results in this
         | trend and not some objective underlying fact.
         | 
         | (I don't want to get dragged into specific words, but certainly
         | "bushido" is more archaic - it refers to a completely obsolete
         | concept - and probably also phony - I've heard, but done no
         | research on, that bushido only really exists as a rosy
         | nostalgic view of a philosophy that was not really meaningful
         | in the period it refers to).
        
           | errcorrectcode wrote:
        
             | notahacker wrote:
             | Doula is apparently a well established profession (I just
             | learned that too!). A pessary is a medical device.
             | 
             | "Shemale" is a colloquial, somewhat demeaning term used
             | mostly in porn.
             | 
             | I think it takes a rather special type of reasoning to
             | assume that your knowledge of only the latter term is
             | because the former words just aren't as important or
             | useful...
        
               | thelopa wrote:
               | "Somewhat demeaning"? Shemale is a slur.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | tomjakubowski wrote:
         | Sorry, I don't want to misunderstand you: you're saying that
         | the words better known by women are all phony, archaic, or
         | marketing buzzwords; and the words identified by men are,
         | contrariwise, all "real"? And they are phony or archaic because
         | you, the smart one with a 75k vocabulary, don't personally know
         | them? I can't believe someone could be so out of touch.
         | 
         | Just as one counter example, "bushido" is totally archaic, has
         | been irrelevant for 150 years since the Meiji restoration.
        
           | errcorrectcode wrote:
           | "Bushido" isn't archaic because it's used as a cultural-
           | philosophical McGuffin theme in mainstream, modern
           | ('00-present) movies.
           | 
           | "Carl" and "fie" are archaic.
           | 
           | I miswrote. Allow me to nail myself to the cross next to
           | Whoopi. :)
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | Next: correlate with college admission test vocabulary, see how
       | biased they are.
        
       | karaterobot wrote:
       | They made the word prevalence table available, but I can't load
       | it into my spreadsheet program.
       | 
       | The question I'm trying to answer is, are the words in Table 2
       | the words that differed the most by gender, or were they selected
       | as representative examples?
       | 
       | In other words, if the title of that table is just "Words known
       | better by males than by females..." should I interpret that as
       | meaning "[some examples of] words known better by males than
       | females and vice versa", or "words known [best] by males and
       | females, and vice versa"?
        
       | culi wrote:
       | I guess that's an interesting way to point out that the domain
       | most dominated by women over men is fashion and the domain most
       | dominated by men over women is engineering (or porn in the case
       | of "shemale"?)
        
       | chaosbutters314 wrote:
       | kind of weird and offensive to put a transgender slur on here.
        
       | syngrog66 wrote:
       | I'll add 2 things here in the spirit of the discussion.
       | 
       | One, I dabble in amateur fiction writing as a hobby. And I'm a
       | man, but a big percentage of my readers are female. One thing
       | I've been hit on the head with repeatedly, when getting feedback
       | from female readers, is how often how sensitive they can be about
       | the exact choice of words or phrasing I use. My 1st draft will be
       | a certain way. After getting feedback from female readers, I
       | often have to revise the text to tweak the words and phrases in
       | it, to make it less distasteful or alienating for them. Note...
       | this is NOT me "perceiving" it to be this way -- instead it is
       | based on what happens factually. Over the years since 1st getting
       | bitten by this (decades now) I've learned enough about the gender
       | differences in reading perception that it doesn't bother me as
       | much anymore, and I can more often make my 1st draft such that it
       | lacks these kinds of "gender perception difference bombs".
       | 
       | Basically, as a fiction writer, you must be VERY aware of gender
       | differences, at scale, in order to produce the most popular final
       | draft. Any experienced writer will tell you this.
       | 
       | Two... I got into the Wordle playing thing, and in recent weeks
       | there was a solution word which caused a minor kerfluffle among
       | fans. I was on Twitter one day and stumbled into threads where
       | lots of women were complaining about that day's solution word.
       | Some said it was soooo bad, that when a female player would only
       | _hear_ indirectly about how icky the word was on Twitter --
       | without literally seeing the answer -- they could often _guess_
       | what it was, in 1 attempt. just 1 attempt! And they would post
       | screenshots and result shareouts to prove they could solve it in
       | 1 attempt.
       | 
       | The word was "moist".
       | 
       | MOIST!
       | 
       | I remember it when it happened because for me, for whatever
       | reason, it had taken like 5 tries to solve it, with no outside
       | social media hints. Yet lots of women were nailing in 1 or 2
       | tries.
       | 
       | So... _never_ tell me that males and females are identical or
       | somehow  "equal" when it comes to "neural language wiring" or at
       | least not in their reading perception biases.
       | 
       | We are different. In broadstrokes. At scale. Reliably.
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | Interesting. If someone were describing a word as "icky" in
         | Internet subcultures, I'd guess "moist", not because it's
         | actually icky, but because it's Internet subculture.
         | 
         | It's sort of how if someone on the Internet said "He's got a
         | fedora", I would conclude that they're saying "This guy is a
         | dork". In the real world, it would likely be a statement of
         | fact, and based on the girls I hang out with, a statement of
         | fashion.
         | 
         | Without evidence to back it, I'd hypothesize that this is a
         | subculture effect, more than a gender effect.
        
       | pmarreck wrote:
       | I once lost first-place in a spelling bee with a word I'd never
       | seen before (as a guy): "Leotard"
       | 
       | I spelled it exactly as it sounded: "Leatard" /eyeroll
        
       | rdiddly wrote:
       | Look no further than this for evidence of men's famous
       | underrepresentation in the textile arts.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | nickdothutton wrote:
       | I once used this phenomenon to build a tool to reliably determine
       | whether a male or female had written a given text. I was
       | surprised how accurate it was even when trained on a relatively
       | small corpus. Used CRM114.
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRM114_(program)
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | orangepurple wrote:
       | There is no way 48% of males know what a thermistor is. This
       | whole statistic is biased to the point of uselessness. Cute,
       | though.
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | Makes me wonder who did they ask.
        
         | scythmic_waves wrote:
         | From the paper, participants didn't need to define the word.
         | They just had to recognize that it was a real word [1]:
         | 
         | > Participants and the vocabulary test used
         | 
         | >
         | 
         | > For each vocabulary test, a random sample of 67 words and 33
         | nonwords was selected. For each letter string, participants had
         | to indicate whether or not they knew the stimulus. At the end
         | of the test, participants received information about their
         | performance, in the form of a vocabulary score based on the
         | percentage of correctly identified words minus the percentage
         | of nonwords identified as words. For instance, a participant
         | who responded "yes" to 55 of the 67 words and to 2 of the 33
         | nonwords received feedback that they knew 55/67 - 2/33 = 76% of
         | the English vocabulary.
         | 
         | Granted, there's nothing stopping a participant from responding
         | "Yes" to a word they can't define. But I think that's more
         | likely to happen on words that the participant knows of even if
         | they can't define it.
         | 
         | Here's the test, BTW [2]. It appears to still be up.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13428-018-1077-9#...
         | 
         | [2] http://vocabulary.ugent.be/
        
       | nathell wrote:
        
         | vorpalhex wrote:
         | NB is <0.1% of the US population. [1] So it skews the results
         | basically not at all.
         | 
         | [1] - https://weareher.com/what-percentage-of-the-us-
         | population-is...
        
       | voldacar wrote:
       | Even if you completely ignore the meaning and usage context of
       | these words, there are some significant differences.
       | 
       | The male words are sharper, rougher, more incisive. Azimuth,
       | teraflop, neodymium, yakuza. The female words are rounder,
       | smoother, less threatening. Verbena, doula, sateen, chenille.
       | 
       | This is extremely interesting and not subtle at all
        
         | kelnos wrote:
         | A lot of the "female" words are fashion/style related. For a
         | long time, France (and Italy) dominated the fashion world, so a
         | lot of technical terms around fashion are French, which
         | probably explains the distinction.
        
         | yongjik wrote:
         | Hmm I'm not so sure about that. To a textile worker, the
         | difference between sateen and corduroy would be as sharp and
         | incisive as the difference between azimuth and altitude is to
         | an astronomer.
        
         | mLuby wrote:
         | Are you referring to how the words "feel" in your mind ([?]
         | average of a cluster of associated words) or about the sounds
         | in the words?
         | 
         | Plosives (PaT), sibilants (Sassy/SHow) or glottals (CoCKpit)
         | sound "sharper" to me than their voiced equivalents (BaD,
         | Zoo/menaGerie, GooGle). Fricatives (FaVorite, baTH/baTHE) or
         | nasals (NuMber) or taps (RoLe) tend to sound longer and softer.
        
           | voldacar wrote:
           | It's definitely both. It's not just the physical sounds I
           | make when pronouncing them, but the mood and the overall
           | "atmosphere" of the words that is different.
        
         | throwamon wrote:
         | This is an interesting observation, because the next question
         | should be whether they _know_ the word exists or they just
         | "feel like" it exists (see sibling comment about the Bouba/Kiki
         | effect).
        
         | jamespwilliams wrote:
         | Reminds me of https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouba/kiki_effect
        
       | smudgy wrote:
       | Mind... blown!
        
       | dukeofdoom wrote:
       | Would be interesting if this could be expended and linked to
       | personality types based on their past communications. Marketing
       | applications, and possibly diagnostic. Maybe you could predict
       | someone falling into depression based on a change in their
       | vocabulary for example.
        
       | tqi wrote:
       | What does "knowing" a word mean? Is it just recognizing that the
       | word is a valid word?
       | 
       | I am skeptical that 80% of men recognize that "boson" is a word,
       | but only about 50% of women could put together "shemale" from
       | context clues.
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | Higgs boson was pretty famous.
        
       | Bolkan wrote:
       | How was checksum known by >50% of men? When would a non
       | programmer come across this word?
        
       | teekert wrote:
       | The had me in the first half (not gonna lie) thinking that I just
       | don't know any of these words because I'm not a native
       | speakers... But then I knew all the words in the second half.
       | I'll be showing this to my female techy colleagues, see what they
       | get. I know for a fact that they know many of the latter. So I'm
       | curious how this distributes over age or wage etc.
       | 
       | Of course, the true meaning of this statistic is in the absolute
       | numbers which aren't shown. Ie the number could be representing a
       | massive amount of males and show tech bias, the other numbers
       | could be representing a very low amount of females in fashion (it
       | seems like).
        
       | BuildTheRobots wrote:
       | Interesting numbers, but it'd be vastly improved by being able to
       | filter for age ranges too.
       | 
       | Gauss and Degauss are the two that jumped out at me. I'd be
       | curious to know how many people of either gender have encountered
       | it, if they're young enough to have never lived with CRT TVs.
        
         | burnished wrote:
         | You can also encounter those words in a high school or college
         | physics course, which is where I associate them.
        
           | armadsen wrote:
           | Same, although I also know degauss as it relates to CRTs.
           | "Gaussian blur" -- almost always mispronounced -- is also
           | relatively commonly encountered by anyone doing image or
           | video editing. Though of course, that's a completely
           | different term described by the same person's name.
        
             | wnoise wrote:
             | How is it pronounced, and how do you think it should be
             | pronounced?
        
               | djur wrote:
               | The name is pronounced something like "gouse", and the
               | blur is fairly commonly pronounced "goss-ian".
        
               | wnoise wrote:
               | Huh. Must vary by community. I've only heard them
               | pronounced in concordant ways, and closer to your first.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ceras wrote:
               | FWIW, the Google Search pronunciation guide[0] says
               | Guassian like "gouse-ian", which is the only way I've
               | heard it pronounced (US east coast). It's also what I see
               | as the phonetically-written pronunciation when checking a
               | couple dictionaries[1], and this English blog post[2].
               | 
               | [0] https://www.google.com/search?q=pronounce+gaussian&rl
               | z=1C5GC...
               | 
               | [1] https://www.dictionary.com/browse/gaussian
               | 
               | [2] https://painfulenglish.com/2014/01/26/how-to-
               | pronounce-gauss...
        
               | djur wrote:
               | I am sure that it's just a case of people having read the
               | word and never heard it spoken.
        
         | woopwoop wrote:
         | I'm a man, and would have answered no to degauss, although I'm
         | 32 (so old enough to have had a crt tv in college). I remember
         | the word upon looking it up though. Gauss I would have assumed
         | was a trick question (he's a person!), but on further
         | reflection I remember that it's a unit for something or another
         | in electrostatics.
        
         | posix86 wrote:
         | ...Gauss is one of the most important mathematicians who ever
         | lived. The gaussian distribution is the single most important
         | random distribution there is. The standard 2d coordinate system
         | is often also referred to as the gaussian plane. I'm guessing
         | more men know him due to this reason: more men are in STEM.
        
         | Symmetry wrote:
         | I think I first ran into "degauss" in a documentary talking
         | about German magnetic mines in WWII.
        
       | rkapsoro wrote:
       | Wow, I know 100% of the male-identified words and none of the
       | female ones.
       | 
       | I expected more overlap.
       | 
       | I'm not the only one in comments to say this, but perhaps it is
       | interesting to see multiple people reporting this.
        
       | dzink wrote:
       | As a female not born in the US, I am familiar with most of the
       | male words and only some of the female. I'd say the distribution
       | is affected more by US culture than gender.
        
         | oh_sigh wrote:
         | I think it says more about stereotypical interests rather than
         | anything intrinsic about the sexes. The male words are actually
         | just nerddom, science and tech(incl military tech), and porn.
         | The female words are just fashion and reproductive words. May I
         | guess that you're more into science and tech than you are into
         | fashion?
        
           | Wiseacre wrote:
           | > and porn
           | 
           | Are you talking about Shemale? Pretty sure it's a fashion
           | brand.
        
             | AussieWog93 wrote:
             | >Are you talking about Shemale? Pretty sure it's a fashion
             | brand.
             | 
             | Thought he was joking at first, but nope! They're a fashion
             | brand. Google "Shemale pearl necklace" and you can see
             | their stylish jewellery range!
        
         | nverno wrote:
         | The data they used was ~3/4 USA, 1/4 UK.
        
       | prionassembly wrote:
       | Table presents p = Prob(knows word | male).
       | 
       | The unconditional probability P(male) is around 1/2 or a little
       | less.
       | 
       | Then Prob(male | knows word) = Prob(knows word | male) P(male) /
       | P(knows word).
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | Now, we're not given P(knows_word), but assuming answers are from
       | a reasonably balanced sample, we know that
       | 
       | P(knows word) = P(male)P(knows word|male) + P(female)P(knows
       | word|female) = [P(knows|m]+P(knows|f)]/2
       | 
       | Going back:
       | 
       | Prob(m | knows) = 0.5 _Prob(knows | m) /
       | 0.5_[P(knows|m]+P(knows|f)]
       | 
       | Which gives us a formula. E.g. for peplum, Prob(m|knows) is
       | 
       | 13%/(13%+64%) = 13/77 ~= 16.8%
       | 
       | For "shemale":
       | 
       | 88%/(88%+54%) = 88/142 ~= 62.0%
       | 
       | So sometimes the actual "maleness" or "femaleness" of the word is
       | overstated, while sometimes its underestimated.
       | 
       | This isn't a critique of an article, it's a literal comment.
       | 
       | --- Edit:
       | 
       | The drive to procrastinate today is strong. Here are the
       | probabilities for all words.
       | 
       | https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1-UP3qTJ3GZ3BpsA0ZNa...
        
       | not2b wrote:
       | Might be interesting to do a similar experiment by age: people in
       | their 20s vs 40s vs 60s, say.
        
         | errcorrectcode wrote:
         | My late grandfather (would've been 90's) didn't know quite as
         | many questions on Jeopardy! as Ken Jennings, but within a std
         | deviation.
         | 
         | When I was 20, if throwing out the sports deck, no one wanted
         | to play Trivial Pursuit with me. Lol.
        
       | alkonaut wrote:
       | Wow I thought this was going to be a subtle effect but I
       | literally knew all of the male words and zero of the female ones
       | (I'm male). What's even the context of those top words? The male
       | ones are tech/games/science but the female? I think I half
       | recognize jaquard as a fabric or fashion term.
        
         | k__ wrote:
         | My non-binary friend knew roughly half of both sides.
         | 
         | (No joke)
         | 
         | They are AFAB, interested in japanese culture and STEM, but
         | also sew rather much.
        
           | unwind wrote:
           | In case anyone wondered, here "AFAB" means "assigned female
           | at birth" [1] and as far as I can understand simply means
           | that the person was determined to be female at some point, by
           | visual inspection basically.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.cosmopolitan.com/sexopedia/a38294924/afab-
           | amab/
        
             | klipt wrote:
             | It's really to do with gender roles though. Nurse sees a
             | penis on the baby - writes M on the birth certificate -
             | child ends up being told by teachers they're not allowed to
             | cry because they're a boy.
             | 
             | Non binary people think those gender roles don't make sense
             | for themselves, and in that respect, I think almost
             | everyone is at least a little non binary. Maybe not enough
             | to feel it's worth declaring, but I've never met anyone who
             | really loves _everything_ about their gender role.
        
               | Wiseacre wrote:
               | Same for age role, socioeconomic role, or racial role. I
               | wonder why we only talk about gender roles.
        
               | ReactiveJelly wrote:
               | Elaborate?
        
               | xenocratus wrote:
               | We grow up with very specific ideas about what people
               | do/say/wear/etc. when they're a certain age, or in a
               | certain socio-economic group, or when you belong to a
               | certain race/cultural background/... However, much like
               | with introvertedness/extrovertedness, few people have an
               | overwhelming amount of characteristics from their
               | "assumed" group and very few/none from the other "groups"
               | - we're mostly just a patchwork of characteristics from
               | all directions, usually skewing towards one particular
               | side.
        
               | Wiseacre wrote:
               | Gender roles certainly exist. Why wouldn't age roles,
               | socioeconomic roles, or racial roles exist as well?
        
           | ReactiveJelly wrote:
           | Same with my spouse, non-binary, regular anime watcher /
           | video game player, so "katana" they knew, but not "strafe".
           | (I should get them into TF2...)
        
         | armadsen wrote:
         | Jacquard is actually an interesting one to me, because it
         | overlaps the two major subject areas (fashion/textiles and
         | science/tech). It's also one I (male) knew, while I didn't know
         | most of the "more female" words.
         | 
         | The Jacquard loom was programmable with punch cards, and is a
         | very important early predecessor of computers (especially
         | Babbage's analytical engine). IIRC, there's one (or a replica)
         | in the Computer History Museum.
         | 
         | Jacquard also refers to the kind of fabric the loom could
         | produce.
        
           | Fatnino wrote:
           | The computer history museum had a full sized Babbage
           | difference engine, not an analytical engine. It was on loan
           | and the owner took it back to put in his living room or
           | something.
        
           | Lammy wrote:
           | I learned that one from Boards of Canada
           | 
           | https://bocpages.org/wiki/Jacquard_Causeway
           | 
           | https://vimeo.com/69572175
        
           | pram wrote:
           | Learned about that in James Burkes Connections! Amazing
           | series if you haven't seen it.
        
             | lizknope wrote:
             | Everything by James Burke is amazing. He's written a lot of
             | other books in the Connections style
        
           | SilasX wrote:
           | Yeah, I (male) recognized jacquard, but only in the context
           | of the Jacquard loom and superficial awareness that they're
           | programmable textile making machines.
        
             | sjburt wrote:
             | My guess is that most men would know it as a loom and most
             | women would know it as a type of fabric. I wonder if
             | jacquard fabric is still produced on anything resembling a
             | jacquard loom.
        
           | fudged71 wrote:
           | I knew Jacquard because of Google's textiles/tech project
           | https://atap.google.com/jacquard/
        
           | CaptainNegative wrote:
           | I thought I recognized Jacquard as in the similarity measure,
           | but it turns out that one is actually spelled Jaccard.
           | Thereby arguably furthering the initial point.
        
           | watmough wrote:
           | Yves Delorme make some lovely Jacquard bath sheets.
           | 
           | If you don't blanche at spending $100+ on a single towel. ;)
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | I'm a man--I knew all the male words and could define them. I
         | knew seven of the female words and could only define one
         | without guessing. Wow.
        
         | LinAGKar wrote:
         | Same here. Even for the few male words I didn't know exactly
         | what they meant, I had a vague ideas about them, while the
         | female ones are complete gibberish to me.
        
         | wincy wrote:
         | I only know because we attempted a home birth and my wife
         | trained to become one, but a doula is an assistant to a
         | midwife. It would make sense most men would have no idea what
         | this is but a lot of women have probably watched YouTube videos
         | thinking about how they want to give birth, so doula would be a
         | well defined word for them.
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | No one cares but I went 12/20 on the female words. Most of the
         | ones I knew are fashion-related or flowers. The ones I didn't
         | know (and looked up) are female reproduction-related.
        
           | allendoerfer wrote:
           | I think males and females reproduce the same way.
        
             | coutego wrote:
             | Not really... Not when they are the subject of the sentence
             | instead of the direct object.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | I don't think they do. The second step for a man to
             | reproduce, after going through a male puberty, is to find a
             | woman. The process is different for women, and may never
             | even directly involve a man.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | munk-a wrote:
             | Males would struggle to make proper use of a pessary.
        
             | Symmetry wrote:
             | Men don't generally have a doula guiding them through
             | giving birth.
        
             | User23 wrote:
             | Is this really the state of sex ed?
        
             | rat9988 wrote:
             | Which has nothing to do with his point.
        
         | glonq wrote:
         | Yeah, this was way more accurate for me than I expected.
         | 
         | I figured that I'd be old/wise/literate enough to know many of
         | the "female" words. _Nope_
        
         | Kalium wrote:
         | They're mostly about style in some manner. A chignon is a
         | hairstyle, a bandeau is a garment, kohl is a type of facial
         | makeup (with its own fascinating history). Jaquard, chambray,
         | chenille, sateen, and damask are all words that apply to
         | fabrics in some fashion. An espadrille is a particular style of
         | shoe.
         | 
         | Verbena is a plant. A pessary is a medical device. A doula is a
         | supportive person through a medical experience, often
         | childbirth in an American context.
        
           | pmarreck wrote:
           | I think most dads would know what a doula is
        
             | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
             | Not in the US, I bet. The only reason I know is that I had
             | a male co-worker whose wife was one.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | >> I think most dads would know what a doula is
               | 
               | > Not in the US, I bet. The only reason I know is that I
               | had a male co-worker whose wife was one.
               | 
               | Yeah, I also feel the term and role could be very
               | subculture-specific, and mainly limited to urban, very-
               | liberal women interested in "wellness."
               | 
               | I've seen the term given brief treatment in some new
               | parent books, but I would not have registered it if I
               | hadn't already had some familiarity.
        
               | Kozmik1 wrote:
               | US Dad of 2. We had a doula for our first child, she was
               | hugely helpful, even in a hospital birth. Highly
               | recommend!
        
               | brimble wrote:
               | Doulas are yuppie stuff in the US, mostly. Also connected
               | with home births to a large degree, rates of interest in
               | which I'd _expect_ are also connected with income, to a
               | point. I 'd definitely bet most US fathers wouldn't be
               | able to tell you what it means, though it's possible that
               | a majority of fathers _on this site_ know the term (I did
               | --but then, of course I do).
        
               | madcaptenor wrote:
               | I'd be interested to see how knowledge of a lot of these
               | words breaks down by income. (I too know what a doula is;
               | I'm not sure if I knew this before my partner was
               | pregnant. We did not use a doula, but we're of the class
               | of people who at least think about it.)
        
               | brimble wrote:
               | Oh man, this exact thing but for income brackets would be
               | _fascinating_.
        
               | pmarreck wrote:
               | New father of a 7 month old here (at the tender age of 49
               | no less).
               | 
               | We used a doula, but only as a support person (I believe
               | in medical advances, hah) and she was fantastic for that
               | role.
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | There was a doula on a 2004 episode of "Frasier" [1]
               | which is probably where I learned the word.
               | 
               | [1] http://www.kacl780.net/frasier/transcripts/season_11/
               | episode...
        
           | tarsinge wrote:
           | It's funny because a lot of these are near everyday use
           | French words:
           | 
           | - boucle: loop
           | 
           | - ruche: beehive
           | 
           | - chignon: hair bun?
           | 
           | - chenille: caterpillar
           | 
           | - bandeau: headband
           | 
           | - voile: veil
           | 
           | ...
        
             | dmix wrote:
             | France has most (or a significant percentage) of the
             | leading fashion houses and cosmetic brands. So it makes
             | sense.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > France has most (or a significant percentage) of the
               | leading fashion houses and cosmetic brands. So it makes
               | sense.
               | 
               | Also, I think French words (in general) have associations
               | of "high class" and "fashionable" in the American
               | context, so calling something by a French word is an easy
               | way for a marketer to fancy something up (for certain
               | classes of something).
        
             | godelski wrote:
             | I attempted to learn French at one point and one thing I
             | realized is that fancy words in English are frequently
             | their direct translation in French. I assume this comes
             | from royalty generally speaking both English and French. If
             | there's a French user here, do you know if the reverse
             | happened too?
        
               | FooBarBizBazz wrote:
               | Arguably goes back to the Norman conquest. You muck about
               | in the fields with the Germanic _swine_ but eat the
               | French-derived _pork_. You raise _cows_ but eat _beef_.
               | Likewise _mutton_.
               | 
               | Military words also tend to come from French, which is
               | how they got to be eating those fine foods.
        
               | bradwood wrote:
               | But remember, the French have no word for entrepreneur :)
               | [1]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.forbes.com/sites/alisoncoleman/2014/02/14
               | /entrep...
        
           | Karsteski wrote:
           | I only ever saw the word Kohl(cabbage) when I played Stardew
           | Valley in German. Never seen or heard any of the other
           | female-dominant words in my life
        
             | Dagonfly wrote:
             | That's a different Kohl. The english word Kohl means a type
             | of african/middle eastern make-up (Kajal in german).
        
             | Kalium wrote:
             | It might also be a interpreted as a reference to a
             | department store chain that mostly sells clothing - Kohl's.
        
             | englishrookie wrote:
             | The eye makeup 'kohl' is in no way related to the German
             | word for cabbage. Apparently it's an Arabic word
             | (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/kohl). Funnily enough,
             | Kohle (with a schwa at the end) in German means coal (as a
             | mass noun) which is of course black, like the eye makeup.
        
           | jacobsievers wrote:
           | Verbena is a plant... commonly used as a fragrance for
           | lotions and creams.
        
           | jjoonathan wrote:
           | > Verbena is a plant
           | 
           | Hey, I knew that one! And sateen. But those were the only
           | two. I didn't expect the divide to be so stark.
           | 
           | In hindsight, I suppose it's reasonable that terms from the
           | largest, most gender-unbalanced niches should have
           | considerable predictive power, but I didn't expect it to be
           | quite so effective going in.
        
             | cataphract wrote:
             | I only knew this one. I have a lemon verbena. It makes
             | great infusions. I highly recommend it if you live in a
             | warmish climate. They grow very fast.
        
             | flir wrote:
             | Freesia is a plant too (my grandmother's favourite). I knew
             | most of the fabric ones (ruche, tulle, chenille, etc) but
             | that's my wife's hobby. I don't know if that counts as
             | trade-specific jargon or not (I guess not if the majority
             | of women know them, and not just dressmakers). People in
             | our industry should definitely know jacquard, though.
        
           | ComputerGuru wrote:
           | A pessary is a medical device _inserted into the vagina_ ,
           | for further context.
        
             | selimthegrim wrote:
             | I knew this because of https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit
             | ed_States_v._One_Package...
        
             | kzrdude wrote:
             | I knew that one. Thanks to sex ed.
        
               | Joeboy wrote:
               | Monty Python was my introduction[1]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bzVHjg3AqIQ
        
             | madcaptenor wrote:
             | The data can be downloaded from https://osf.io/nbu9e/ . I
             | tracked it down because I was wondering:
             | 
             | - pessary was known by 53% of females, 19% of males
             | 
             | - suppository was known by 88% of females, 80% of males
        
               | copperx wrote:
               | Suppository is one of those words that I would assume
               | 99.9% of the population knows because of it being common
               | over the counter, and in sitcoms and media. I'm assuming
               | they're including children under 12 in the data? That
               | would explain the low percentages.
        
               | brimble wrote:
               | That checks out. I'd say at least 80% of my encounters
               | with the word have been jokes in media, or jokes between
               | people (probably inspired by or ripped off from media).
               | Most young kids wouldn't know it, though.
        
               | sbierwagen wrote:
               | More people are functionally illiterate than you might
               | expect if you're in a high IQ bubble like the tech
               | industry. In 2017, 19% of American adults scored level 1
               | or below on the PIAAC literacy test:
               | https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=69
               | 
               | Here's a sample reading test: https://www.oecd.org/skills
               | /piaac/Literacy%20Sample%20Items.... It's a drawing of an
               | ear, and the options are "ear", "egg", "lip" and "jar".
               | You have to pick the correct word.
        
               | mgh2 wrote:
               | What is the population (responders) sample size?
               | Percentages don't mean much without this.
        
               | madcaptenor wrote:
               | About 400 for each word. So any individual word doesn't
               | mean much, I agree - I think they're more interested in
               | the general trends.
        
               | dmoy wrote:
               | 388
        
           | belorn wrote:
           | I am a bit surprised that sateen is on that list since it is
           | one of the most/more common fabric used for bedding.
           | 
           | Damask is a bit more funny word in that video games tend to
           | commonly use it for items, given that it was popular during
           | the middle ages. Never seen it in clothing stores.
           | 
           | There isn't a wikipedia article about jacquard as a fabric,
           | which is a bit odd. There is one about the Jacquard machine?
           | 
           | Chambray was an popular fabric in the 19th century, but I
           | don't remember seeing it in clothes stores.
           | 
           | Chenille seems to be a fabric used in yarns.
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | Sateen probably is a quite relevant example - I, as a male,
             | have absolutely no idea what fabric is used for the bedding
             | I sleep in or buy, it might as well be sateen but even when
             | looking for bedding I would not care to read the part of
             | the description where it could say 'sateen'; perhaps I
             | might touch it while browsing in a store and use the sense
             | as a criteria for choosing between, but it's not relevant
             | enough to read and use the fabric name at the time, much
             | less remember it. I know that there exist fancy beddings
             | made of silk, but that's literally as far as my interest in
             | bedding fabric has ever gone.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rsynnott wrote:
         | A sort of early nearly-robot; it's where punched cards were
         | first used: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacquard_machine
        
         | liquidify wrote:
         | same
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | I think this is thoroughly expected.
         | 
         | Imagine you have a set of legal words (legalese) and then you
         | have a set of scientific words or statistical words (all cants)
         | and you show the sets to those not associated with those
         | sets... we'd see similar results.
         | 
         | It's neat to find these oddities but that's all it is,
         | linguistically.
        
         | lhorie wrote:
         | It largely follows gender stereotypical interest lines. In this
         | one, my wife describes the list as "fashion related stuff".
         | Here's another older list from a different study[0]
         | 
         | Higher recognition rates by males:
         | 
         | - codec (88, 48)
         | 
         | - solenoid (87, 54)
         | 
         | - golem (89, 56)
         | 
         | - mach (93, 63)
         | 
         | - humvee (88, 58)
         | 
         | - claymore (87, 589
         | 
         | - scimitar (86, 58)
         | 
         | - kevlar (93, 65)
         | 
         | - paladin (93, 66)
         | 
         | - bolshevism (85, 60)
         | 
         | - biped (86, 61)
         | 
         | - dreadnought (90, 66)
         | 
         | Higher recognition rates by females:
         | 
         | - taffeta (48, 87)
         | 
         | - tresses (61, 93)
         | 
         | - bottlebrush (58, 89)
         | 
         | - flouncy (55, 86)
         | 
         | - mascarpone (60, 90)
         | 
         | - decoupage (56, 86)
         | 
         | - progesterone (63, 92)
         | 
         | - wisteria (61, 89)
         | 
         | - taupe (66, 93)
         | 
         | - flouncing (67, 94)
         | 
         | - peony (70, 96)
         | 
         | - bodice (71, 96)
         | 
         | [0] https://www.insider.com/gender-and-vocabulary-
         | analysis-2014-...
        
           | kelnos wrote:
           | Interesting. I (male) recognize all but one of the "female"
           | words in this list (and can define most of them), but
           | recognized only 6 from the list in the article, and could
           | define only one or two. I wonder why the article's list is so
           | much "harder".
           | 
           | (I recognized and could define all of the "male" words in
           | both lists, so I do seem to conform to this stereotype...)
        
             | pedrosorio wrote:
             | The recognition rates in the comment you're replying to are
             | much higher than the ones in the article.
        
           | chillingeffect wrote:
           | I remember from another study that "cybernetic" and "taupe"
           | were highly polarized. which direction is an exercise left
           | for the reader :)
        
         | commandlinefan wrote:
         | > What's even the context of those top words?
         | 
         | Without trying to google any of them, I think they're colors -
         | I think chambray is a color, but I don't know what color it is.
        
           | ntlk wrote:
           | It's a type of fabric, not colour.
        
         | NoboruWataya wrote:
         | > The male ones are tech/games/science
         | 
         | Science, war and... the last one.
        
         | vdnkh wrote:
         | Seems a bunch are around fabric/garments, I have a minor sewing
         | hobby so I recognized some of them (male)
        
           | wruza wrote:
           | I recognized it because I once destroyed a couch fabric in a
           | rented apartment and had to choose a replacement. It's as bad
           | as choosing js framework, but you're not a tech guy on top of
           | that.
        
           | brimble wrote:
           | Yeah, it's very nearly all fabric or textile-related from
           | what I can tell. Bet you could make the same list by picking
           | any two sex-skewed hobbies and charting words that see little
           | use outside those interests.
        
           | meetups323 wrote:
           | You probably already know this, but that makes you a
           | seamster. I both sew and practice a particular LISP dialect,
           | making me a seamster schemester (in the words of GJS).
        
             | pmarreck wrote:
             | That's awesome!
        
           | WesternWind wrote:
           | A bunch but not all, Picking out a few I recognized (though I
           | had to double check freesia).
           | 
           | A doula is basically a birthing coach often used for at home
           | pregnancies, a pessary is a vaginal medical device, kohl is
           | eye makeup, verbena is an herb, freesia is a flower, chigon
           | is a type of hair bun.
        
         | mypastself wrote:
         | Same here, but I'm also surprised only around 30% of women know
         | the word "yakuza". Although I'm sure those same women would be
         | shocked by my not knowing what a chignon is.
        
           | UnpossibleJim wrote:
           | I was shocked at how low on the list "katana" was. It's so
           | prevalent in pop culture, from Kill Bill to The Teenage
           | Mutant Ninja Turtles.
        
             | Delk wrote:
             | I don't know if this would affect the observed/reported
             | differences between sexes, but there are also different
             | levels of knowing.
             | 
             | I would have known that neodymium is some kind of a
             | substance, but I wouldn't have known or remembered that it
             | was an element without checking. I'd probably answer I knew
             | the word "degauss" but if I had to explain what it
             | physically is, I'd struggle. I might not remember what
             | distinguishes howitzers from other artillery pieces. Out of
             | these, I'd probably report not knowing neodymium, knowing
             | howitzer, and be a bit torn on degaussing.
             | 
             | Someone might know that a katana is a weapon, or "some kind
             | of a ninja thing", or maybe even a sword, but might not
             | feel comfortable enough about the details to report knowing
             | it. Also, it might be more well-known among younger people
             | who know the pop culture than people who don't.
             | 
             | But then, I guess it might also be that people just have
             | rather different areas of familiarity, as the article
             | indicates, and a significant part of the English speaking
             | population might be as clueless about katanas as I am about
             | tulles, or whatever the plural for that is. I only knew one
             | or two of the words from the upper half. I'm not a native
             | English speaker, though, which perhaps not only limits my
             | vocabulary compared to native speakers but might also tilt
             | things even further towards the science/tech words.
        
               | prionassembly wrote:
               | "Unusually strong neodymium magnets" were a popular
               | young-adult toy in the late 2000s to early 2010s. I had
               | them both in flat discs and little balls.
               | 
               | Now that I have a baby crawling around I pray that I
               | haven't misplaced any in some crevice of the house...
        
               | kqr wrote:
               | They were also a part of rotating rust drives, which made
               | it very fun to find old ones and pick them apart.
        
             | Kye wrote:
             | Leonardo uses ninjatos as of the last time I paid attention
             | to the franchise. Katanas are much longer.
        
               | brimble wrote:
               | Whatever they look like, they're usually _described_ by
               | TMNT media as katanas. Quite possibly incorrectly, for
               | all I know.
        
             | brimble wrote:
             | I bet if you charted hours spent with media in which the
             | word "katana" occurs, you'd see a male/female ratio very
             | similar to the "knows what 'katana' means" ratio in TFA.
        
         | HideousKojima wrote:
         | I know that Jaquard is a kind of loom, but I only know that
         | because of an interest in early industrial manufacturing tech
        
         | irrational wrote:
         | Same. I have multiple undergraduate and graduate degrees and
         | consider myself wide read. I knew every single "male" word and
         | none of the "female" words. Though, I did have some recognition
         | of a few of the "female" words, I just have no idea what their
         | definition is.
        
       | AussieWog93 wrote:
       | I was shocked at first to see that most women didn't know what a
       | "servo" was, then I remembered it means something different in
       | Australia...
        
       | abdel_nasser wrote:
       | this is clearly the result of societal programming. i propose
       | that we eliminate all of these words from the dictionaries. we
       | dont need any of these words anyway.
        
       | philipfweiss wrote:
       | I played a game of codenames, where I was the only guy on a team.
       | I had an awesome clue- Flashbang: 4.
       | 
       | None of the women on my team knew what it meant. Every guy in the
       | room did. We lost the game, but it was a very interesting social
       | experiment.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rhaps0dy wrote:
         | For the less masculine (or clued-in) members of the audience,
         | what was the code word? Something to do with shooting games?
        
           | mkipper wrote:
           | In that game, the number said after the clue tells you how
           | many of the words in play are related to the clue. So the
           | word flashbang wouldn't be hinting at _a_ codeword, but four
           | of them.
           | 
           | So it could really be anything, e.g. bang, army, light and
           | blind.
        
           | kevinpet wrote:
           | Probably "grenade". A flashbang grenade is a bright and loud
           | but less destructive grenade used to startle people before an
           | attack. Widely used by American police investigating
           | possession of trivial amounts of marijuana.
        
           | rdiddly wrote:
           | Something police use to disorient and theoretically help
           | disperse a crowd - like a grenade except it creates only a
           | mostly-harmless noise and flash of light.
        
           | srcreigh wrote:
           | Since it's codenames, I would guess some of the words on the
           | board they were hinting at would be WW2/war/call of
           | duty/video games related stuff like France, Ear, Lag, Light,
           | Hand, Hurt, Mud, Radio...
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | Love that story. Makes me think playing Codenames in German,
         | where all kinds of words are made by mashing other words
         | together, would be a great advantage over playing in English.
        
           | arrrg wrote:
           | Well, this rather makes the game annoying to play with people
           | who think they are so clever and start constructing
           | completely new words no one before them ever used. Which the
           | rules don't allow, by the way.
           | 
           | Sure, you can construct arbitrary new words in German. That
           | works. However, that is certainly not the spirit of the game.
           | Which the game does make abundantly clear in a quite long
           | section of the rules. (I just got the game and its rules from
           | our board game shelves, used the new OCR feature in iOS to
           | copy and paste the relevant text into DeepL, cleaned up the
           | translation and am now pasting it here with my own
           | annotations in brackets. That was a cool experience.)
           | 
           | Excerpt from the rules:
           | 
           | Compound words
           | 
           | German is notorious worldwide for its compound words. There
           | are two ways to form such in German. ,,Tischdecke"
           | (tablecloth) is one word. ,,Mehrzweck-Frasvorsatz" (multi
           | purpose milling fixture) is in principle also a word, because
           | the hyphen merely serves to make it easier to read. ,,Rindfle
           | ischetikettierungsuberwachungsaufgabenubertragungsgesetz"
           | (beef labeling monitoring tasks transfer law) actually used
           | to be a real (and awful) word, which probably would have been
           | a little easier to read with a few hyphens. (We won't discuss
           | the bad habit of breaking up compound words in German with -
           | incorrect - spaces here). Strictly speaking, then, all such
           | words can be valid clues, but only if they correspond to
           | actual usage. It is easy in German to simply invent
           | composites: ,,Tentakeltrabant" (tentacle satellite) would
           | theoretically be a great clue for ,,Oktopus" (octopus),
           | ,,Mond" (moon), and ,,Auto" (car, because of the East German
           | car ,,Trabant"), for example, but since it's only a word
           | creation that you can't find in any dictionary, you can't use
           | it.
           | 
           | Prefixes
           | 
           | This actually belongs to the previous rule, but should be
           | mentioned explicitly: Simply turning a word into its opposite
           | by putting a syllable like ,,kein-", ,,nicht-" or ,,un-"
           | (non-, un-) in front of it should only be allowed if this
           | word is colloquially used. ,,Unlebendig" (unalive) is
           | therefore not a permitted clue for ,,Tod" (death), ,,untot"
           | (undead) on the other hand would be permitted as a clue for
           | ,,Skelett" (skeleton).
        
             | Lio wrote:
             | My favourite compound German word is Fledermausmann aka
             | Batman.
             | 
             | With the literal English translation of flying mouse man.
        
               | suyjuris wrote:
               | "Fledern" is not actually a German word (in any kind of
               | common usage at least). A literal translation of flying
               | would be "fliegen".
               | 
               | Apparently the word fledermaus originates 1200 years ago
               | and is derived from "flattern" (to flutter).
        
             | curiousllama wrote:
             | Love this
        
           | 7steps2much wrote:
           | When playing codenames in German you usually have the
           | dictionary rule / Google rule.
           | 
           | If you come up with a word and you aren't sure if it exists
           | check if it is in the dictionary or if Google knows it.
           | 
           | So no making up words like
           | 
           | Mixerversicherungsfahrzeug
        
       | rsynnott wrote:
       | Hrm. I wonder did they just ask if people recognized them? I'd be
       | very surprised if 40% of people could define 'azimuth', say.
        
         | Out_of_Characte wrote:
         | I think that's all you can test with words. Separate the
         | nonsense words from ones with a defined meaning.
        
       | playdead wrote:
       | I didn't know all the male-leaning words tbh, but it's not hard
       | to have an educated guess that "neodymium" is probably a chemical
       | element, thermister is probably something in physics related to
       | thermodynamics, that a teraflop is computer-related (at first I
       | thought, terabyte + floppy disk?), etc.
       | 
       | Didn't know azimuth, aileron, or strafe but they're all cool, and
       | I'm glad I learned.
       | 
       | I'm surprised more people don't know who the yakuza are, but OK.
       | 
       | I only learned about servos a couple years back in a maker-space
       | YouTube channel.
        
         | toyg wrote:
         | _> I 'm surprised more people don't know who the yakuza are,
         | but OK._
         | 
         | Before the '80s, practically nobody outside Japan knew what the
         | Yakuza was. Business development over that decade popularized
         | its existence, so (American) writers picked it up, but after
         | the cyberpunk wave (which abused it), it has largely fallen
         | from favour as a narrative device outside Japan. Ironically,
         | this mirrors somewhat the power the Yakuza can actually wield
         | nowadays: after the Lost Decade of Japanese stagflation, and
         | the rise of Eastern-European gangs (the real bosses of the
         | globalized criminal network, at least in terms of raw
         | "wetwork"), the Yakuza was significantly diminished.
        
           | playdead wrote:
           | Interesting. Yeah, I grew up in the 90s, so in addition to
           | tamagotchi and pokemon, I became aware at some point about
           | the Japanese mob.
        
       | geuis wrote:
       | Can someone help the layman here? I don't understand how to read
       | that graph.
        
       | lxe wrote:
       | This is arts & crafts nerd words vs sci/tech nerd words
        
       | c7DJTLrn wrote:
       | Not a very big sample size but I do find it interesting how the
       | males lean towards more technical terms. A result of sexism in
       | education, not biological differences, I'm sure...
        
       | martindbp wrote:
       | I remember reading an article when I was a teenager about how
       | very few men, but most women could tell whether a specific
       | disease (don't remember which one) was caused by a virus or
       | bacteria. It also claimed that the statistics were reversed for
       | knowing whether the sun revolves around the earth or vice versa.
       | I had no idea about the virus/bacteria thing, felt ridiculous to
       | me. But intrigued, I asked my mother about the sun and earth and
       | she responded: "I don't know, I've never even thought about it".
       | Shocked to say the least. I learned that day that men and women
       | are very different on average, despite being told otherwise my
       | whole life.
        
         | soueuls wrote:
         | I would have never guessed that some people could hesitate
         | between whether the Earth is revolving around the sun or not.
         | Wow.
        
         | abdel_nasser wrote:
         | ever since the neolithic society has had a habit of trying
         | really hard to gaslight people about utter nonsense. and all we
         | got for it was bread and penicillin.
        
       | tetsusaiga wrote:
       | I wonder what the ages of the selected participants in the shown
       | data set were.
       | 
       | I recognized all of the male words, but I sent the female words
       | to my girlfriend, and she barely knew any. She suggested that
       | younger women might not know these words.
       | 
       | That could just be a self-rationalization for not knowing them,
       | but I didn't see the paper address the issue of age much, or
       | generational changes.
       | 
       | I wonder how that plays into this.
        
         | francisofascii wrote:
         | I suspect the 388 participants in this study were from top
         | educational backgrounds. These words are very niche. So a pool
         | of average people are not going to score 80-90% success on any
         | of those words. That may also indicate why there is a such a
         | large difference. When you compare people who are already at
         | the extremes, you tend to see larger differences than comparing
         | people at the mean.
        
       | tombert wrote:
       | Does teraflop really count as a "word" if it has an acronym as
       | part of it?
        
         | LudwigNagasena wrote:
         | Why not?
        
         | Jtsummers wrote:
         | Laser, sonar, radar. Many, if not most, acronyms become words
         | on their own at some point in English, especially if they enter
         | the popular lexicon (leave their initial niche).
        
         | ticklemyelmo wrote:
         | I'm more bothered by the omission of "s". The S in teraflops is
         | not plural, it's part of the acronym.
         | 
         | Your computer has 1 teraflop performance? One trillion floating
         | point operations per _what_, then?
        
         | djur wrote:
         | Sure. "Laser" is a word too, and it's all acronym.
        
       | shpx wrote:
       | It's a shame that dictionaries don't collect and include this
       | kind of data, since a word is the set of people that will
       | understand that specific definition if you use it.
        
       | JimDabell wrote:
       | Along similar lines: names of colours, by gender:
       | 
       | https://blog.xkcd.com/2010/05/03/color-survey-results/
        
         | mcguire wrote:
         | " _I weep for my gender._ "
        
       | jdavis703 wrote:
       | So men know words related to male dominated areas like physics,
       | chemistry, electricity, crime and war. Women know words related
       | to female dominated areas like fashion, grooming and women's
       | health. I hate to say it, but water is wet.
        
       | NoGravitas wrote:
       | Now I need to find my moist, used, taffeta katana.
       | 
       | I knew almost all of the "feee-male" words, though, despite being
       | cis-male, because of reading historical fiction that's not
       | military wankery.
        
         | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
         | > because of reading historical fiction that's not military
         | wankery.
         | 
         | wondering what the gender breakdown is on that category?
        
       | zestyping wrote:
       | I'm really surprised "boson" did so well with women. Or, more
       | precisely, that "boson" and "femtosecond" are so far apart.
       | "Boson" seems far more obscure.
        
       | ZoomZoomZoom wrote:
       | It's surprising that _damask_ is so far below _katana_ for males.
        
       | floxy wrote:
       | All right, who is going to write the adaptive wordle that learns
       | which answers are easiest for you, so that it can select the
       | harder ones.
        
       | kar5pt wrote:
       | Did they really put "shemale" on the list?
        
         | kokanee wrote:
         | What's so weird about female tamales?
        
           | Kye wrote:
           | It's one of those words that was applied to people who had no
           | real say in it, and some people are taking a bit to catch up
           | now that trans and intersex people have an actual voice.
           | There's no Grand Queer Consortium deciding it, so you'll find
           | people who don't care, but it's broadly Not Okay now.
        
       | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
       | I'm super interested in the "shemale" terminology. What's the
       | stark difference or explanation there? The others I can generally
       | buy as nerd culture, but what does that have to do with a
       | gendered slur?
       | 
       | And similarly, why isn't there a similar reflection of at least
       | one term of bigotry or ignorance specifically females are more
       | likely to know?
        
         | Leherenn wrote:
         | Porn? I think a lot more males watch it than females.
        
           | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
           | Why aren't there women specific terms for the romance or
           | erotica that women overwhelmingly consume then is my
           | confusion. Because it's not like women don't get off. They
           | just have different mediums to consume erotic content.
        
         | Nebasuke wrote:
         | I would assume that's the case because it's commonly used in
         | pornography (see also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shemale)
         | and males statistically watch more pornography.
        
           | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
           | Why isn't there a term overwhelmingly used in romance/erotica
           | then, which is famously women-catered? And women consume a
           | _lot_ of romance /erotica.
        
             | throwaway48375 wrote:
             | Can you think of one?
        
       | mesozoic wrote:
       | Sooo... I'm 42nd percentile on word knowledge I guess.
        
       | kokanee wrote:
       | What does it mean to "know" a word? I have heard/read most of the
       | male words hundreds of times, and probably used them myself, but
       | asked to define them I would be either inaccurate or unconfident.
       | For example, I know that ailerons are flaps on an airplane, but
       | I'm not sure which ones. I know that a femtosecond is a small
       | unit of time, but I'm not sure what fraction of a second.
        
         | azeirah wrote:
         | In Wittgensteinian fashion, if you can use a word, you know it.
        
         | Beltalowda wrote:
         | I find that giving a precise "dictionary definition" of a word
         | is actually quite hard in general for many common words.
         | 
         | Anyway, the data is based on [1], which asks "I know this
         | word"/"I don't know this word". It's also available in Dutch[2]
         | which is a bit different and asks "this word exists"/"this word
         | doesn't exist". Both tests include both actual words as well as
         | made-up words. I did this test a few years back and my "score"
         | was about 80% for Dutch (my native language) and 60% for
         | English. I was a little but surprised by the fairly large gap
         | between Dutch and English, since I've been speaking English
         | almost exclusively for the last ten years (on account of living
         | abroad), which goes to show just how hard it is to _really_
         | learn a language to native-levels.
         | 
         | [1]: http://vocabulary.ugent.be/wordtest/start
         | 
         | [2]: http://woordentest.ugent.be/woordentest
        
       | ksenzee wrote:
       | I'm a woman software engineer, and I recognize every one of those
       | as a word, which I think was the criterion being measured. (There
       | are a few on each side I can't define but have definitely seen.)
       | I'm mostly floored by how many of the textile words people here
       | don't recognize, to the point of thinking they're "fake words."
       | Have you never shopped for textiles for your house or apartment?
       | I mean, espadrille, sure, that's a woman's shoe guys might not
       | ever see the word for. But damask? Jacquard? Chenille? Do you not
       | have curtains or a couch?
        
         | tluyben2 wrote:
         | Curtain blocks all light, couch needs to be comfortable for
         | long stretches. What more do I need to know? My wife knew all
         | words, male and female. She is a writer and translator and
         | about some tech stuff I talk to much. But she couldn't care
         | less what the couch or curtains are made off. She doesn't even
         | care too much about the color; 'not black or white please'.
        
         | yibg wrote:
         | I'm male. My vocabulary for couch material are: leather and
         | fabric. That's about it.
        
         | gfd wrote:
         | I was shopping for curtains recently but the stuff that I cared
         | about were the technical specifications: how much light it
         | blocks, thermal properties, noise reduction, etc. What _should_
         | I be looking for instead?
        
           | brimble wrote:
           | Ditto. As a guy I know three kinds of curtain: "black out",
           | kinda blocks light sort of, and lets most of the light
           | through.
        
         | kelnos wrote:
         | > _But damask? Jacquard? Chenille? Do you not have curtains or
         | a couch?_
         | 
         | I recognized chenille (but couldn't remember what it meant,
         | outside of knowing it was textile-related), but I'd never heard
         | of damask or jacquard before. I do own my own home, but
         | actually don't have curtains (blinds/shades instead). I do have
         | a couch (three of them!), and these words never came up. I was
         | just given giant books of fabric swatches, and I chose by look
         | and feel. I don't recall any of them having descriptive names
         | with technical terms, just a marketing name and item number.
        
           | Wiseacre wrote:
           | Are you sure you aren't confusing chenille for Chanel? I made
           | that mistake.
        
         | showerst wrote:
         | Guy here -- I vaguely recognized most of the fabrics, but I've
         | bought plenty of couches and never shopped for a fabric by
         | name, I just find a nice looking thing and flip through the
         | swatches book until I find one I like. The only one there
         | that's really recognizable by name in male clothes maybe is
         | chambray.
         | 
         | I've never bought curtains, only blinds.
         | 
         | I recognized espadrilles because they make those for guys, but
         | they're not common.
        
           | ksenzee wrote:
           | I had no idea they made espadrilles for men! (eta: or that
           | they _called_ men 's shoes like that espadrilles.)
        
             | Lio wrote:
             | Yeah, Don Johnson used to wear them on Miami Vice back in
             | the day.
        
             | showerst wrote:
             | I only know them because I shop at huckberry, but maybe
             | they're just winging it =). It seems like Toms makes
             | espadrilles for men that were popular for a hot minute
             | there.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | brimble wrote:
         | Guys (broadly) don't care what the name of the fabric on their
         | furniture is, or what their curtains are made of, and _do not_
         | shop using those terms. Even getting _very_ slightly into male
         | fashion has put me far ahead of most guys as far as knowing
         | words _common in male fashion_. The vast majority of guys don
         | 't give a damn what "twill" is, or "bluchers", let alone what
         | you call the kind of uphostry on their couch.
         | 
         | I recognized some of the fabric words. Were I not married, I
         | would have recognized far fewer. I couldn't have told you what
         | most of them actually mean, just that they're to do with
         | fabric.
         | 
         | [EDIT] In fact, on reflection, I find it surprising that
         | _women_ (generally) shop for furniture based on anything to do
         | with the kind of fabric on them, or would be particularly
         | likely to be able to tell you what kind of fabric is on their
         | furniture. I 've always known women to shop for uphostered
         | furniture the same way guys do, which is by looking at options
         | until they see something that looks OK, then sitting on it to
         | test. Curtains are another story. I'm pretty sure my wife does
         | put in fabric names when searching for curtains, and might be
         | able to name what some of ours are.
         | 
         | Shopping for uphostered furniture based on fabric type seems
         | more like a rich/poor divide than male/female, to me. Like, it
         | doesn't even get interesting until you're _way_ out of most
         | people 's price range, does it?
        
           | rcoveson wrote:
           | > Shopping for uphostered furniture based on fabric type
           | seems more like a rich/poor divide than male/female, to me.
           | Like, it doesn't even get interesting until you're way out of
           | most people's price range, does it?
           | 
           | That doesn't stop car people who can only own a single,
           | entry-level car from caring about all sorts of dimensions
           | that don't meaningfully affect the boring commuter
           | experience. And each of those dimensions has vocabulary words
           | associated with it, which adds to the fun. If you feel a
           | connection with a domain, be it furniture or computer
           | hardware, you learn all the words and form lots of
           | impractical opinions (again, because fun). It's not exclusive
           | to rich people.
           | 
           | All the fabric, fashion, and color stuff probably has all
           | sorts of cultural implications. "Seersucker" just "screams"
           | "summer", or something. Stuff like that. It's fun. But you
           | only have space for so much of it in your head, so with all
           | the other categories of things, you just go based on surface-
           | level experience. Maybe there's a correlation between wealth
           | and the number of topics you have lots of highly-specific
           | opinions about? But my guess based on experience is that it's
           | a personality trait independent of wealth.
        
             | brimble wrote:
             | AFAIK nearly all upholstry for the furniture most people
             | buy is either fake leather of one sort or another, or some
             | kind of boring synthetic fabric. Kinda like how all wall-
             | to-wall carpet most people buy is synthetic fiber and not
             | very interesting, until you get into stuff outside most
             | people's price range, when things like wool and all kinds
             | of weaves and styling and textures enter the picture. Below
             | that it's like: How thick pile? Feel good on feet (if
             | you're not used to better) because only cheap, or feel bad
             | on feet because _very_ cheap? With maybe some patterning
             | considerations for very low-pile carpet. (to be clear, that
             | 's the price range I'm usually operating in when looking at
             | that kind of thing, too--there's not much to get excited
             | about)
             | 
             | I'd expect all the interesting choices with names that
             | carry over into other parts of fashion not to enter the
             | picture, with furniture, until you start to head into
             | "designer" territory. The big overstuffed things out on the
             | floor with price tags attached and big "SALE!" signs and
             | such, seem rather same-y.
        
               | rcoveson wrote:
               | Sure, but again, think of the relationship with furniture
               | and fashion like the typical male relationship with cars.
               | Magazines, movies, celebrities, blogs, shopping way
               | outside your price range without any intent to buy when
               | you have nothing to do... I imagine all these things
               | apply. Most guys I know learned about cars from hours of
               | Top Gear, and drive used Honda Accords. I'll bet there's
               | an equivalent for learning and caring about fabrics,
               | furniture, and clothing.
        
               | brimble wrote:
               | Of course enthusiasts exist, I'm just skeptical that
               | women knowing the names of fabric on their furniture is
               | at all common _under a certain SES level_ , at least.
               | I've seen women care about and know the names of fabric
               | in curtains, use those kinds of words to describe them,
               | and shop using those words, in multiple cases. I've
               | _never_ seen it with furniture, but I also don 't know
               | anyone who can/would spend money on interior designers,
               | go to the scary rich-people (for very small values of
               | "rich") section of Nebraska Furniture Mart except out of
               | curiousity, order custom or trendy vintage furniture et
               | c. The most sylish and best-looking (but not most
               | expensive) furniture I see in my regular life is from
               | Ikea.
               | 
               | I can't even say for sure I've ever _sat_ on a chair that
               | wasn 't just some undoubtedly-very-cheap weave of
               | polyester or something else along those lines, but that's
               | because my friends and family range (in background and
               | attitudes, if not in income) from the Fussellian low-
               | prole through his Middle. I'm _assuming_ there are
               | interesting fabric choices in the stores (or parts of
               | stores) that no-one I know shops in, but there don 't
               | seem to be out in the po' folks' sections, where the
               | majority of people shop. Doubling (or more) the price of
               | a couch to get a kind of fabric worth remembering isn't
               | on the table for most people--except, yes, maybe
               | enthusiasts or people rich enough that that's the _only_
               | kind of furniture they buy.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | Have you ever touched a katana, travelled a parsec, had
               | trouble with the yakuza or seen a howitzer fire in
               | person? No probably not, and even if you did others
               | haven't, all of those things people know since you are
               | interested in and consume action/adventure media.
               | 
               | Consider a person who don't care at all about
               | action/adventure stuff. They just care about making the
               | nicest home possible. They read books about it, watch TV
               | shows about it, watch movies about it, and remembers
               | those details and forgets about all the actiony nonsense.
               | Why wouldn't they know words of things they will likely
               | never posses themselves? It is the same concept.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | CoastalCoder wrote:
         | As a male software engineer, married and homeowner for 25+
         | years, I can honestly say I know almost none of those fabric-
         | related terms. As in, don't even remember hearing them before.
         | 
         | I hardly even _think_ about curtains, couch covers, etc. At
         | most it 's briefly, when we're shopping for that stuff. I'm
         | super happy to leave those details up to my wife, who cares
         | about them more than I do.
        
         | nverno wrote:
         | I actually thought it was a study in a foreign language until
         | getting to the bottom half. I did just buy a carpet the other
         | day, but I don't think that involved any of those textile
         | words.
        
         | golergka wrote:
         | > Have you never shopped for textiles for your house or
         | apartment?
         | 
         | No, never, and never plan on doing it. I currently rent, live
         | alone and don't care. If I ever move in with someone again and
         | that person cares, they will make all the decisions themselves,
         | and if they don't, we'll just default to whatever's already in
         | the apartment or hire interior designer if we'll be renovating.
         | 
         | And that said, I'm still an outlier in male population because
         | I like male fashion, obsess with Rick Owens, Margiela,
         | Alexander McQueen and some local brands, have my nails painted
         | and wear a lot of accessories.
        
         | lhorie wrote:
         | > Have you never shopped for textiles
         | 
         | I mean, this[0] meme pretty much sums it up
         | 
         | [0] https://i.kym-
         | cdn.com/photos/images/newsfeed/001/441/150/c01...
        
           | aidenn0 wrote:
           | My bachelor pad looked exactly like that except I had a
           | sofabed instead of the recliner; surely everyone has _one_
           | friend that refuses to sleep on the floor?
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | I don't see the issue either.
        
             | Rebelgecko wrote:
             | The single chair is a metaphor for loneliness and/or the
             | death of couch co-op
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | I don't really have a problem sitting on the floor. It's
               | carpeted.
        
           | brimble wrote:
           | From the image: "guys really live in apartments like this and
           | don't see any issue"
           | 
           | And we mean it. I see only two problems:
           | 
           | 1) no extra seating for pals--c'mon, at least add a couple
           | bean bags and a couple folding trays (in fairness, those may
           | be put away off-frame), if you're not even playing local
           | multiplayer or having friends over to watch TV/movies, why
           | even bother with this much?
           | 
           | 2) it'll probably turn off any woman who sees it.
           | 
           | So not enough seating and women won't like it, are the _only_
           | reasons I wouldn 't be totally OK living like that if I were
           | single.
           | 
           | [EDIT] I spotted a third problem! There's not a Gamecube or
           | N64 or Dreamcast sitting on the floor halfway between the TV
           | and chair.
        
             | ReactiveJelly wrote:
             | The chair-TV axis should run the other way, so you can walk
             | from the door to the kitchenette without bumping into the
             | chair. Other than that yeah... it's fine... I'm not gonna
             | shame people for being minimal.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | wickoff wrote:
         | What do you mean textiles? We just buy the gray-ish ones.
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | Don't be surprised that gender that mainly dresses in jeans and
         | t-shirts doesn't recognize many textiles beyond denim and
         | cotton fabric.
        
         | EugeneOZ wrote:
         | My wife is a dressmaker so I know every word you mentioned.
        
         | ReactiveJelly wrote:
         | As a trans woman (assigned male at birth, lived as a boy / guy
         | for 20+ years) - I barely know what "textile" is. It means
         | "fabric", right? It's the thing that textile factories make.
         | 
         | > Do you not have curtains or a couch?
         | 
         | The house has the same curtains it had when we moved in.
         | They're ugly, and I just ignore them. Except for the front
         | window, where my spouse changed them for some reason.
         | 
         | My old apartment also had the same curtains it always had.
         | 
         | I have 3 couch-ish objects:
         | 
         | - A $100 futon that I bought when I first moved out to use as a
         | combo bed / couch. My spouse also replaced the mattress on
         | there, probably with something cheap off Amazon.
         | 
         | - A very cheap loveseat of unknown origin that a friend gave
         | me.
         | 
         | - An old sleeper couch from my parents' house that they didn't
         | want.
         | 
         | I think Jacquard is the guy who invented the loom that they
         | teach about in every CS 101 class.
         | 
         | But no, I don't know what damask and Chenille are.
         | 
         | I actually love clothes shopping! I just don't think about
         | furniture. It's so heavy and bulky. I love buying dresses but I
         | don't think about fabrics. I know there's cotton, and denim,
         | and fake leather, and then there's fabrics I never think about.
         | 
         | I don't decorate the house, I decorate myself. Sparingly.
         | 
         | Edit: For shoes I have "boots", "sandals", "sneakers", and
         | "heels". I go to the thrift store and see what looks good and
         | fits, and then I buy it. Sometimes I buy new shoes too, but I
         | don't like dress clothes, so I just eyeball it without thinking
         | about names.
        
           | prionassembly wrote:
           | Respectfully, can I ask a couple questions?
           | 
           | - Do you see yourself as a "new" or "recent" woman who's
           | learning about female things now? (E.g. did you know what a
           | pessary was? Did you read women's magazines in the before
           | times?)
           | 
           | - Did your preferred sex (e.g. women for straight males)
           | remain the same? Do you identify as straight or gay (or none
           | of the above?)
           | 
           | It's none of my business, other than it helps me situate you
           | (and maybe inductively other trans women) in these male-
           | female ML things.
        
             | ReactiveJelly wrote:
             | Sure, I love questions.
             | 
             | I still don't know what a pessary is. I didn't really read
             | women's magazines before I transitioned, and I still don't.
             | 
             | I feel fine being a tomboy with "guy" interests. It's not
             | an end goal of mine to go "stealth" (That is, pass as cis
             | 100% of the time) or fit in to any female-coded social
             | group in particular. Transitioning is something I do for
             | myself, so presenting feminine but still being a little bit
             | "masculine" in my interests and hobbies just doesn't bother
             | me.
             | 
             | I've always been attracted to women, so I went from being a
             | straight guy to being a lesbian. There's a few specific
             | heterosexual scenarios where I can identify with the woman
             | now, but not enough to say I'm attracted to men in general.
             | 
             | > it helps me situate you (and maybe inductively other
             | trans women) in these male-female ML things.
             | 
             | Yeah I'm definitely speaking for myself here. The only
             | things that are likely to be true of all trans women is
             | that they use (or want to use, if they're still in the
             | closet) she/her pronouns, and that they were not assigned
             | female at birth.
             | 
             | Everything else can vary:
             | 
             | - Lots of trans people want to be stealth. It's safer on
             | average, but I live in a queer-friendly town
             | 
             | - Not everyone wants to reclaim "queer" but personally I
             | don't want to type out LGBTQIAA+ every time...
             | 
             | - Some trans people report that their sexuality changes (or
             | they realize they're actually asexual) after they begin
             | transitioning or after they begin hormone therapy. It isn't
             | clear what percent of this is caused by the hormones and
             | what percent is purely psychological.
             | 
             | - Most trans women don't say things like "I used to be a
             | guy". I don't have an internal sense of gender, so I don't
             | feel like the common story of "I was always a woman on the
             | inside" applies to me, even though it applies to many trans
             | women. When I was younger, people assumed I was male and I
             | was fine with it, so I don't feel wrong to say I used to be
             | a boy or used to be a guy. I transitioned when I decided
             | that I didn't need an internal sense of gender - If I
             | wanted to be a woman on the outside, that's all I needed,
             | and maybe for me in particular, I only have an outside.
        
         | meragrin_ wrote:
         | > But damask? Jacquard? Chenille? Do you not have curtains or a
         | couch?
         | 
         | I'm pretty utility driven when it comes to curtains or couches.
         | I'm just looking for something which does what it is supposed
         | to and is not hideous. How does knowing damask, jacquard, and
         | chenille help with determining if curtains block light and a
         | couch is comfortable when I sit in it?
        
         | Tade0 wrote:
         | > Do you not have curtains or a couch?
         | 
         | Couch is couch.
         | 
         | Anyway I have two sisters and remember not understanding how
         | and when did they learn those words.
         | 
         | I do recognize some of those words, but as a non-native English
         | speaker I was surprised about their spelling.
        
           | aidenn0 wrote:
           | Don't worry, native English speakers are _also_ surprised
           | about their spelling.
        
         | rory wrote:
         | Any curtains I've ever bought are "the ones they have at Home
         | Depot." Fabrics with fancy French names seem like rich people
         | things, regardless of gender, no?
        
         | NikolaNovak wrote:
         | >> espadrille, sure, that's a woman's shoe guys might not ever
         | see the word for. But damask? Jacquard? Chenille? Do you not
         | have curtains or a couch?
         | 
         | Ironically, Espadrille is the only word on that shortened list
         | I ever heard of... but I think mostly because in my country its
         | definition was expanded - certainly there were tons of
         | Espadrilles for men. That may or many not be universal.
         | 
         | Literally Everything else on the purple list... no clue.
         | 
         | I do have curtains and a couch. FWIW I am a home owner in my
         | 3rd owned residence (Condo, small house, medium house). I have
         | never ever _ever_ geeked out or cared about their material, by
         | name, so I suppose there 's a world still awaiting for me :)
         | 
         | Anyhoo, I do feel that the two lists are not symmetrical. It
         | feels that one is fairly clustered around
         | fashion/style/materials, whereas the other, while still having
         | common threads, has technology, science, physics, video games,
         | and nerdery. But is that exposing simply another kind of bias
         | in me? Because the "male" words are familiar to me, I see more
         | diversity in them than the unfamiliar words? Food for thought,
         | but I still think bushido, shemale and terraflops are different
         | categories regardless of gender :D
         | 
         | Fwiw, my classification:
         | 
         | Aileron - airplanes; howizter, bushido, katana - military;
         | shemale - porn; strafe - FPS/gaming presumably; Yakuza - gangs;
         | boson, milliamp,gauss, piezoelectricity, etc - physics;
         | checksum, teraflop - comsci; parsec... physics, technically,
         | but SciFi, practically :P
         | 
         | vs:
         | 
         | fashion/clothes/hair: peplum, boucle, ruche, chignon, tulle,
         | chenille, voile, bandeau, kohl,espadrille, whipstitch, sateen,
         | jacquard, damask, chambray
         | 
         | Verbena, Fressia - flower
         | 
         | pessary, doula - health
        
           | brimble wrote:
           | > strafe - FPS/gaming presumably;
           | 
           | Could be the reason so many guys know it, but it's another
           | term with military connections. I was aware of it from
           | military sci fi before I ever encountered it in a gaming
           | context.
        
         | dec0dedab0de wrote:
         | _...Do you not have curtains or a couch?_
         | 
         | I've owned a home for over 15 years, and I still don't have
         | curtains because it is too overwhelming. Current couch is Ikea,
         | so I just wrote down the number, next couch will be leather.
         | 
         | Edit: One thing I know about fabric is that linen is made from
         | flax, in 2016 I took a tour at a revolutionary war house where
         | they used to make linen. I only went in because there was a
         | pokemon in it, but it was still very interesting.
        
         | samgtx wrote:
         | Most men have no style or appreciation for aesthetics and take
         | pride in that fact. Then they wonder why women gravitate toward
         | attractive, well dressed men with nice condos. Ha.
        
           | rjbwork wrote:
           | I don't think anyone wonders why, lol.
        
         | JabavuAdams wrote:
         | > Have you never shopped for textiles for your house or
         | apartment?
         | 
         | 45 years old, and no. Why would I do that? All my furniture and
         | drapes are pretty much IKEA. I have some interest in clothing,
         | but aside from the occasional Hallowe'en death cloak don't know
         | much about fabrics other than cotton/polyester/nylon.
         | 
         | A minute shopping is a minute wasted, in terms of my interests.
         | I don't want to spend any time thinking about it unless I have
         | to, in order to accomplish some other goal. I tend to
         | standardize on colours / outfits / style to make sure I don't
         | spend much mental energy on fashion or shopping, while still
         | not looking like I don't "get" it.
        
         | simsla wrote:
         | Recently bought new curtains, and I selected on size, colour
         | and made sure they were blackout curtains.
         | 
         | For the life of me (literally) I wouldn't be able to name the
         | fabric.
        
         | skykooler wrote:
         | Not only do I have a couch, I made it and upholstered it
         | myself. But I don't know what fabric it's covered with - it was
         | just labeled as "upholstery fabric" at Joanne Fabrics, and I
         | picked it because it looked sturdy and would fit with the
         | room's color scheme.
        
         | saberience wrote:
         | I think that's the point of the article :)
        
       | Hello71 wrote:
       | It's worth noting that, based on the paper, this is really "words
       | known better by males (who complete free online quizzes) than by
       | females (who complete free online quizzes)". This likely explains
       | a significant amount of the fashion and video game words. For
       | example, it seems unlikely to me that 60% of all US and UK women
       | know the word "peplum", but reasonably plausible that US and UK
       | women who complete free quizzes on the internet also spend more
       | time browsing clothes on the internet than the average woman, and
       | would therefore have more knowledge than the average woman about
       | clothing terminology.
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | You don't have to buy clothes on the internet to know what a
         | peplum or other clothing terms are. Most clothes are not bought
         | online.
        
           | rubylark wrote:
           | I'm going to disagree here. I'm a woman and I had the same
           | results as every man replying here: I recognized all the
           | science, game, and action terms and almost none of the
           | fashion and textile ones. Never once when I have gone clothes
           | or makeup shopping (always exclusively in person) have I
           | encountered any of those terms, written or otherwise. I feel
           | I might have been more familiar if I actually shopped online
           | where these words might be displayed.
        
       | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
       | What does knowing all of them say about me? O_o
        
         | ReactiveJelly wrote:
         | Guess you're non-binary lol
        
       | handmodel wrote:
       | This is very interesting!
       | 
       | Would love to see a similar list but weight by the ratio of men
       | who don't know versus women who don't know aka words that known
       | by 90% of males and 80% of females (or visa versa). This is very
       | interesting but not that surprised that many people don't know
       | boson or servo or checksum or technical words.
        
       | ru552 wrote:
       | N = 388
        
       | telesilla wrote:
       | I am a tech nerd woman brought up in a seamstress/gardener
       | household. Every single word I have no issue defining and using
       | in context. However, I shared this with a group of women who are
       | not in tech or fashion and they didn't know much either. I think
       | this is pretty flawed.
        
       | FabHK wrote:
       | Very useful if you ever participate in a Turing Test (original
       | version, ie the imitation game).
        
       | zuminator wrote:
       | My initial impression glancing at that list was that it was maybe
       | taken from a survey of French speakers, because the first few
       | words looked totally alien to me. Then I recognized freesia, then
       | a few more words coalesced. All told, I'm more or less familiar
       | with only 5-7 of the "female" words but every single one of the
       | "male" words are very familiar to me.
        
       | Scarblac wrote:
       | Reminds me of Randall Munroe's hilarious report on his color
       | survey, specifically the section on gender differences:
       | https://blog.xkcd.com/2010/05/03/color-survey-results/
        
       | olalonde wrote:
       | Would have been a good idea to throw in a word that doesn't exist
       | to get a feel of how honest the answers were.
        
         | TigeriusKirk wrote:
         | I'm skeptical half the men really know what piezoelectricity
         | is, for example. Much less 75% being able to define boson.
         | Maybe if the survey was at an engineering college.
        
           | wolf550e wrote:
           | "familiar with the word" doesn't mean "knows exact definition
           | or the facts from the first paragraph of the wikipedia
           | article".
           | 
           | "a boson is a particle in physics" would be adequate
           | definition, no need to actually know the details. Similarly,
           | "piezoelectricity" is "the thing used in electric cigarette
           | lighters / guitar pickups", no need for details. Women who
           | know about fabrics don't necessarily know how they are
           | manufactured.
        
           | Symmetry wrote:
           | It's fuzzy. I know exactly what a terraflop is including that
           | most people use it to refer to 32 bit floating point
           | operations by default but it can still mean other widths if
           | specified. I thought a parsec was somewhere between 2 and 20
           | light years which is correct but still imprecise. I know
           | damask is a fabric associated with dresses I've run into in
           | books but have no idea what it looks like. So do I know 1, 2,
           | or 3 of those words? It's fuzzy.
        
           | Karsteski wrote:
           | I feel like anyone who did secondary school physics would
           | have come across piezoelectricity though? I certainly did.
        
           | macintux wrote:
           | I suspect by "knowing the word" the implication is "familiar
           | with/have encountered", vs "being able to define correctly".
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | The study was literally picking words from non-words.
        
         | andrewla wrote:
         | The underlying study, at http://vocabulary.ugent.be/, gives
         | nonsense words in addition to real words to establish a
         | baseline.
        
       | random-human wrote:
        
       | LouisSayers wrote:
       | Interesting that many people here know many of the words.
       | 
       | I knew 10 of the male ones and zero of the female...
       | 
       | I'm from New Zealand, it'd be interesting to do this same
       | experiment in NZ / Aus to see what the percentages are.
       | 
       | I suspect that the average NZ vocabulary is quite low...
        
       | CobrastanJorji wrote:
       | If I'm reading this right, the results were gathered via setting
       | up a website, spreading the word, and allowing anyone visiting
       | the website to participate. I'd expect these results would mostly
       | only be relevant to the "very online."
        
         | in_cahoots wrote:
         | Yeah, these results don't pass the smell test. As a woman, I
         | sincerely doubt the percentages quoted for terms like pessary
         | and doula- if you and your peers aren't having children you're
         | unlikely to have heard of them. And doulas are a more recent
         | phenomenon in the US, I doubt many women over 60 or women in
         | lower socioeconomic classes are familiar with the term.
         | 
         | Same for men. I can't believe most men know what a checksum is.
         | This test says more about the population of people who took it
         | than anything else.
        
           | Nebasuke wrote:
           | It looked reasonable to me. Pessary was part of regular sex
           | education for my school. I was surprised the numbers were so
           | low, but this might be sex education in the US not discussing
           | this.
           | 
           | Checksum you'll encounter as a term when you use newsgroups,
           | torrents and often on the download page as an MD5 checksum
           | when you download software.
        
             | in_cahoots wrote:
             | I just learned about pessary last month, after my second
             | child and two different sex ed curricula.
             | 
             | And what percent of American adults use newsgroups or
             | torrents, or even download software these days? It's surely
             | not the majority (software downloads notwithstanding).
        
       | altairprime wrote:
        
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