[HN Gopher] It could be years until we see a normal housing market
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       It could be years until we see a normal housing market
        
       Author : RickJWagner
       Score  : 62 points
       Date   : 2022-02-03 12:17 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (awealthofcommonsense.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (awealthofcommonsense.com)
        
       | zhdc1 wrote:
       | People evaluate large purchases - in part - on whether they can
       | afford the monthly payment. Low interest rates and comparably
       | high rents make people more willing to pay more for property.
       | 
       | Higher interest rates, which may be on the horizon, may put a
       | damper on housing prices. However, I suspect that they'll have
       | less of an immediate impact in the states, where fifteen and
       | thirty year fixed rate mortgages are the norm. If inflation
       | continues in Europe, it will be interesting to see what happens
       | in countries where people generally borrow for ten to fifteen
       | years at a time, and refinance once the mortgage term is over.
        
       | endisneigh wrote:
       | Housing is already very cheap in places no one wants to live in.
       | 
       | Housing is already affordable in the United States compared to
       | other countries when you compare median house price to median
       | income.
       | 
       | If you want to see where the United States is headed go look at
       | London, Vancouver, Paris, etc.
       | 
       | As urbanization in the United States accelerates for many
       | reasons, including climate change, I see house prices in
       | desirable areas increasing even further.
        
         | scythe wrote:
         | >Housing is already very cheap in places no one wants to live
         | in.
         | 
         | But this isn't a solution, it's a tautology. If people started
         | moving there, they'd become expensive, too. The population
         | level interpretation is that inflows should equal outflows
         | everywhere, which is statistically impossible unless the
         | government decides where you can live. Who wants _that?_
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | The increase in prices depends on the amount of demand
           | relative to supply. If all the demand for land in coastal
           | California was redirected to the land in rural
           | Midwest/Northeast, there is so much supply that it would
           | cause a much smaller increase in price.
           | 
           | And it very well maybe that there is no solution to the
           | problem of people having to scrimp due to high real estate
           | prices. People may inherently want to compete with each other
           | and agglomerate into highly desirable areas.
        
             | mrkstu wrote:
             | That would be true if the lot size were the same as the
             | high cost locations and home inventory could be created
             | overnight.
             | 
             | In reality, as we are seeing in Idaho, despite large swaths
             | of undeveloped land available, the homes are still
             | skyrocketing in price due to lack of inventory.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | The popular areas of Idaho are tiny compared to vast
               | regions of flat land available in the middle.
               | 
               | Of course all of the demand directed all at once without
               | adequate supply will result in price increases. But
               | people incorporate the fact that some places will never
               | have enough supply simply due to lack of sufficient land.
               | In that sense, a house in a popular part of Idaho will
               | always be more than a house in Iowa.
        
               | scythe wrote:
               | > The popular areas of Idaho are tiny compared to vast
               | regions of flat land available in the middle.
               | 
               | This isn't a solution to the cost of living, and in fact
               | it would make it much worse. If people were spread out
               | evenly over Idaho, the cost of shipping goods and driving
               | to work would explode, not to mention power transmission,
               | broadband, sewers, etc. Ascribing the current situation
               | to some "desire to be competitive" which somehow appeared
               | in the past three decades and was absent in 1900, is not
               | compatible with comparisons to our past or other
               | countries' present.
               | 
               | Paris has roughly five times the population density of
               | Washington, DC. We're not out of space. We're using it
               | badly.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, there are parts of coastal California that
               | aren't even expensive:
               | 
               | https://www.zillow.com/homes/Eureka,-CA_rb/
        
               | bradlys wrote:
               | Yeah - the issue in the USA is that everyone here still
               | thinks sprawl is sustainable. It's not. Financially or
               | climate wise - it's not sustainable. It's been cheap
               | historically because the government subsidized it. It's
               | actually very expensive. (Roads and service lines cost a
               | lot of money - go figure)
               | 
               | Idk why people keep thinking it's a cheaper way to do
               | things when we know that it isn't. It's like no one here
               | has read any of those strong towns articles.
        
           | endisneigh wrote:
           | No one said it's a solution, I'm simply describing reality,
           | as you've also concluded.
           | 
           | Also the rate of increase is not fixed. Areas with more
           | propensity for development will see smaller price increases
           | compared to areas with less propensity for development.
           | 
           | It's more complicated than simply supply and demand, though
           | it does reduce down to that in the end
        
             | scythe wrote:
             | >I'm simply describing reality
             | 
             | That's clearly untrue. You're claiming there isn't a
             | systemic problem, I'm claiming there is.
             | 
             | >It's more complicated than simply supply and demand
             | 
             | It's never more complicated than supply and demand; it's
             | just that supply and demand are, themselves, both very
             | complicated. If housing was just determined by such factors
             | as climate and price, everyone would move to Silver City,
             | New Mexico. Despite fantastic weather, relatively low
             | prices and a beautiful mountain setting, it has seen a
             | sharp population _decrease_ over the last decade.
             | 
             | This isn't a matter of people being irrational, or
             | "wanting" to live in "desirable" areas. It's a matter of
             | people _needing_ to live in _productive_ areas. Denial won
             | 't make it go away.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | I never said it's not a problem, though. You're basically
               | addressing things I never claimed to begin with.
               | 
               | >>>> Housing is already very cheap in places no one wants
               | to live in.
               | 
               | >>> But this isn't a solution, it's a tautology
               | 
               | >> No one said it's a solution, I'm simply describing
               | reality, as you've also concluded.
               | 
               | > That's clearly untrue. You're claiming there isn't a
               | systemic problem, I'm claiming there is.
               | 
               | I have no idea who you're even responding to.
        
               | scythe wrote:
               | The problem is your use of the word "wants". When I moved
               | to San Francisco in 2014, it wasn't because I _wanted_
               | to. I liked it there; I think San Francisco is certainly
               | a _desirable_ place to live, but that doesn 't actually
               | matter.
               | 
               | The fact is, in 2014, I was planning to move to Portland,
               | which, in 2014, was much more affordable than it is
               | today. But I found a job in San Francisco before I found
               | anything in Portland. That didn't happen because I
               | thought San Francisco was desirable, it happened because
               | people, except for the very few who make a lot of money
               | working remotely, do not move somewhere simply because
               | they _want_ to. Otherwise, I would have moved to Costa
               | Rica.
               | 
               | "Housing is already very cheap in places where there are
               | few jobs, poor services and little infrastructure." See
               | the difference?
        
         | nikanj wrote:
         | If you want to look at US you should look at EU. Don't compare
         | US to France, compare California to France and Montana to
         | Romania.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | Maybe eastern half of Montana compares to Romania.
        
             | harambae wrote:
             | Yeah Montana is actually wildly more expensive than Romania
             | across the board. Some areas (like Big Sky) are on par with
             | other luxury resort areas like Vail or Tahoe.
             | 
             | But I see the posters point, the US is larger and more
             | diverse than one European nation.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | Is it more expensive comparing median income to median
               | house price? I doubt it, Romanians don't make very much.
        
           | endisneigh wrote:
           | Even if you do like for like the United States is much
           | cheaper than Europe when comparing median income to median
           | house price. Add in the highly subsidized mortgages and it's
           | a slam dunk in favor of the United States.
           | 
           | The housing crisis is a meme basically centered around 15
           | locales in the states.
        
             | nikanj wrote:
             | > The housing crisis is a meme basically centered around 15
             | locales in the states.
             | 
             | Yes, because that's where the people are. The housing
             | crisis heatmap is pretty much the US population heatmap (
             | https://xkcd.com/1138/ ). Houses are cheap in the vast
             | emptiness of the rural US. The EU doesn't really have
             | similar unpopulated areas.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | Ok, compare urban areas then. USA is still cheaper.
        
               | bradlys wrote:
               | Compare places with equal density is likely a better way
               | to go about it.
        
         | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
         | _> Housing is already affordable in the United States compared
         | to other countries when you compare median house price to
         | median income._
         | 
         | Ditto. As an European I envy how affordable real estate is in
         | the US compared to Germany for example. My US boss at the time
         | had bought a nice big house with a garden in the suburbs of the
         | Dallas-FW area, way cheaper than something similar would have
         | cost in the suburbs of Munich, where our office was.
         | 
         | Case in point, most of our US colleagues had big houses in
         | Texas which they owned, while most of the Munich team lived in
         | small apartments which they had to rent. Quality of life is
         | nice in Munich, but the real estate market there is crazy
         | compared how good the US has it.
        
           | helloworld732 wrote:
           | >As an European I envy how affordable real estate is in the
           | US compared to Germany for example
           | 
           | You're comparing apples to oranges. You're comparing one of
           | the cheapest major cities in the US to one of the more
           | expensive cities in Europe. According to Zillow the median
           | home price in Dallas is just under $300,000 but the median
           | home price in Seattle where I'm currently renting and trying
           | to buy a home is 3 times that at $900,000. So please don't
           | tell me how good I have it in the US with real estate. With
           | how large and diversified the US is, a more fair comparison
           | would be to compare Dallas real estate prices to say a city
           | like Bucharest and compare Munich real estate prices to a
           | major US city on the west coast (San Diego, Los Angeles, San
           | Francisco, Portland, Seattle) or the northeast (DC, New York
           | City, Boston).
        
             | Jyaif wrote:
             | In Seattle, the average sale price per square foot is $535
             | [1] while in Paris, the average sale price per square meter
             | is 10208EUR, which is twice as high.
             | 
             | Prices in Paris are pretty much the same as the prices of
             | SF, but the salaries are _way_ lower (3x lower, and the
             | taxes are almost as high as the ones in California).
             | 
             | So yeah, I'd say you have it pretty good in the US :-)
             | 
             | [1] https://www.noradarealestate.com/blog/seattle-real-
             | estate-ma....
        
           | razoroccam wrote:
           | You're missing that houses in USA are basically built with
           | wood whereas in EU its bricks and concrete, that makes a huge
           | difference in price.
        
             | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
             | The insane real estate prices in some parts of Europe are
             | mostly due (besides the monetary policies, NIMBYsm,
             | regulations, and inherited wealth) to the scarcity of land
             | in that desirable location, and less about the quality of
             | what's built on it. And I'm not even talking about beach
             | front properties in the south of France.
             | 
             | Ive seen many old houses for sale in Germany for ludicrous
             | money, that you'd basically have to tear down and build
             | something livable.
        
             | jazzyk wrote:
             | Construction costs have very little to do with current
             | asking prices.
             | 
             | It is all about what the market can bear (and it can bear a
             | lot these days, thanks to incessant money printing)
        
             | tormeh wrote:
             | Construction costs are negligible compared to land costs in
             | urban areas. And the cost of land is set by demand.
        
         | harambae wrote:
         | >As urbanization in the United States accelerates for many
         | reasons, including climate change
         | 
         | Studies actually show the exact opposite.
         | 
         | "Rapid urbanization is making people more vulnerable to the
         | impacts of climate change, according to a new UN report" [0][1]
         | 
         | [0] https://unfccc.int/news/rapid-urbanization-increases-
         | climate...
         | 
         | [1] https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2017/sbsta/eng/inf03.pdf
        
           | endisneigh wrote:
           | I'm not seeing the contradiction between your link and what I
           | stated. Your link says more people will go to cities, which
           | will increase demand and subsequently prices. Which is also
           | what I said
        
             | harambae wrote:
             | According to the link it's because people have moved into
             | cities that they are most at risk for climate-change-based
             | disruption to their lives.
             | 
             | "The frequency of torrential rain and storm surges is on
             | the rise in big, densely populated cities like New York,
             | Mumbai and Jakarta, hitting those living in marginalised,
             | informal settlements like slums the hardest."
             | 
             | Also, large cities tend to be on the coastal regions --
             | that's how they first became large cities, by being
             | accessible to ports in many cases.
             | 
             | Why would climate change force people out of the Omaha
             | suburbs to Manhattan? I just don't understand the logic
             | here at all, but maybe I'm missing something.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | I'm not claiming climate change will force people to
               | cities, I'm saying climate change will reduce the amount
               | of available places to live, resulting in urbanization of
               | the remaining locales from migrants/refugees of climate
               | change.
        
               | harambae wrote:
               | Ok, could be. Predicting the future is difficult, though.
               | On most real-estate forums I followed in early 2020 the
               | prediction was that Covid would cause real-estate prices
               | to nosedive and the exact opposite ultimately occurred.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | That was a dumb prediction. Climate change is guaranteed
               | to change which places are livable in the United States.
               | It's anyones guess how much of an affect it will have,
               | though.
        
         | mcv wrote:
         | > Housing is already very cheap in places no one wants to live
         | in.
         | 
         | Maybe make those places more attractive to live, to take the
         | pressure off the high-demand places.
        
           | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
           | _> Maybe make those places more attractive to live, to take
           | the pressure off the high-demand places._
           | 
           | How? This is a catch-22 that every run down city is trying to
           | solve and can't. People don't move in because the places have
           | no good jobs, investments, infrastructure, teachers and
           | doctors, while the investments, jobs, doctors and teachers
           | don't come there because there's nothing waiting for them
           | there.
           | 
           | I've seen the same in Europe. Most good jobs, schools,
           | doctors, etc, are all coming only in the big cities where all
           | the talent is, and all the young talent is moving into the
           | big cities, where all the good opportunities are. Catch-22.
        
             | mcv wrote:
             | Both sides would have to believe that the other side will
             | show up too. There probably needs to be some sort of
             | guarantee that they will.
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | _> Both sides would have to believe that the other side
               | will show up too._
               | 
               | The "build it and they will come" fallacy has failed way
               | more times than it has succeeded. Companies know it and
               | employees know it. Only governments and politicians seem
               | to think otherwise when their election is on the line.
               | 
               | I've seen it numerous times in my city. Every now and
               | then there's big PR from the mayor and the university
               | rector about how they'll turn $SMALL_EUROPEAN_COLLEGETOWN
               | into a major tech hub, and years later down the line, no
               | major tech companies have shown up. Rinse and repeat
               | every ~4 years, while most grads and companies are moving
               | to the capital city.
               | 
               |  _> There probably needs to be some sort of guarantee
               | that they will._
               | 
               | Nobody can guarantee you anything for the future, neither
               | governments nor companies. The only truth is the present
               | we live in and that's why most migration, public and
               | private investments mostly happen in big cities that were
               | already popular and wealthy, while the smaller cities
               | with no investments are dying a long and slow death. It's
               | a rampant and often unfair inequality but that's the sad
               | reality.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | What could small town north Dakota do to make you want to
           | move there? Fargo is maybe large enough to offer enough city
           | life to attract you, but what could small towns actually do?
        
       | xbar wrote:
       | 10% of institutional home ownership is a couple of orders of
       | magnitude more than the amount necessary to meet demand.
        
       | ianai wrote:
       | Color me unimpressed with the arguments laid down here. It boils
       | down to low rates and looking at the recent past when rates were
       | low. And let's point out rates have been 0-.25% for a long time
       | now.
       | 
       | Want to convince me? Pull in a Case-Schiller index comparison and
       | some more technical, market level characteristic analysis.
       | 
       | What would be interesting is figuring out price/interest rate
       | sensitivities for buyers of homes in this market. Does investment
       | leave the market if rates make other asset classes more viable?
       | Probably. At what point?
       | 
       | Edit-or tell me that the Fed can't possibly raises rates for
       | $goodReasons.
        
       | evancoop wrote:
       | The notion of "normal" is dubious. For a decade preceding 2008,
       | minimal verification of income or employment was required to buy
       | a home (prices soared). Thereafter, the pendulum swung mightily
       | in the other direction (having tried to purchase a home as a
       | contractor, I can attest). Then the pandemic accelerated the
       | migration to the suburbs for young families (prices soared).
       | 
       | If there are as many over-levered real-estate investors as the
       | article suggests, a market downturn will yield foreclosures, and
       | PE firms will feast once again.
       | 
       | There is no "normal." Only past, present, and future.
        
       | nikanj wrote:
       | A crash of 25% would take us back to..maybe summer 2020? A crash
       | of 50% would take us back to...2015ish?
       | 
       | I don't think the Fed etc have the guts to allow a 80% drop, so
       | that the 2 million dollar house would drop back to $400k, and
       | become reachable for the majority of people
        
         | skwirl wrote:
         | A house that's $2m today is that expensive because it's a
         | highly desirable home, much more desirable than the vast
         | majority of homes out there - probably in the top 5%. You can
         | never make such homes reachable for the majority of people
         | because there aren't enough of them - if there were, they
         | wouldn't be $2m right now. 50%+ of people can never afford the
         | top 5% of homes.
        
           | nikanj wrote:
           | The two-question test I use is:
           | 
           | 1) Do your parents own their home? 2) Could people with
           | similar jobs/savings/backgrounds get a similar house today?
           | 
           | Usually the answer to 1 is yes, and the answer to 2 is no.
           | 95% of homes are priced like the top 5% of homes. A million-
           | dollar mansion used to be, well, a mansion. Now a million-
           | dollar house is "a detached house within a 45 minutes driving
           | distance to downtown".
        
             | scruple wrote:
             | At the rate things are going, in a few more years I
             | wouldn't even be able to afford the home that we got into
             | in 2016. It's already "appreciated" by 60% with no signs of
             | slowing down. Every home that sells in our neighborhood
             | today sells inside of a weekend and for "record-breaking"
             | amounts. It's hard for me to even describe the way that
             | this makes me feel. I suppose that I should be happy
             | because, wow, look at my "investment" go! But, I don't. I
             | feel afraid for my family's future, especially so when it
             | concerns my very young children. I imagine that this is
             | similar to how people felt during the run-up to the 2008
             | crisis.
             | 
             | edit/ words.
        
           | esja wrote:
           | That's only really true if you are talking about specific
           | houses and locations, while keeping everything else
           | unchanged.
           | 
           | In general, houses are just as desirable as they were a few
           | years ago when they were half the price. All that has
           | materially changed is the supply and cost of credit.
           | 
           | The same thing works on the downside: broad price falls are
           | not due to mass desirability changes. They are due to credit
           | becoming harder to get and more expensive to repay on a
           | monthly basis.
           | 
           | Finance 101: asset prices move inverse to the discount rate.
        
             | skwirl wrote:
             | I never said macro price changes were driven by
             | desirability changes - my point was almost exactly the
             | opposite: The macro price is irrelevant. The top 5% of
             | homes for sale will never be available to 50% of buyers.
             | Price differences at a point in time signal relative
             | desirability of homes. Over time, prices may go up or down,
             | but the top 5% of homes will always be significantly more
             | expensive than the median home.
        
               | esja wrote:
               | That's a different point than what I think the OP was
               | making, and it's not entirely accurate either (except in
               | a relative sense). For it to be completely correct,
               | buying power would have to move identically with prices,
               | and it does not. There have been many periods and places
               | in history where the median income earner can afford a
               | top 20% home (but may not choose to), and many other
               | periods where the median income earner can only afford a
               | bottom 20% home, and may instead choose to rent. What
               | we've seen over the past decades is an acceleration of
               | price ahead of buying power, pushing more people into
               | renting, and leading to an accumulation of multiple
               | properties in the hands of a smaller number of wealthier
               | people (or institutions like Blackstone).
        
       | unnouinceput wrote:
       | Buy land instead, build a home, rent meanwhile. In max 2 years
       | you can have your dream house and cheaper than current market.
        
         | fzzzy wrote:
         | Building is quite expensive.
        
         | paulnpace wrote:
         | > Buy land instead, build a home
         | 
         | You can't. That's why the prices are so high. The price of
         | construction will be built into the price asked by the land
         | owner such that the overall price is within bounds of an
         | existing home, and usually more expensive as a new home is seen
         | as a premium product.
         | 
         | Historically, new homes are more expensive than existing homes,
         | as it was in the U.S. prior to the 1990s that a new home was an
         | upgrade from an older home for the people purchasing the new
         | home, and the older home would be purchased (or rented) at a
         | lower rate than the new home, a process that has disappeared
         | due to constriction on supply and nowadays has spawned the term
         | "market affordable housing", as I have seen this term used by
         | charitable organizations that historically focused on housing
         | for the extremely poor, now change somewhat to advocating for
         | housing that merely lower class can afford, as this class is
         | slowly being pushed completely out of affording any form of
         | housing outside of shared _rooms_.
        
         | goldenkey wrote:
         | How do you do that in an established city?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | amcoastal wrote:
           | There are tradeoffs everywhere. You have to assume that when
           | stacking millions of people on top of each other everyone
           | will not own a home. That's not a "policy" issue, it's just
           | physics. If you want to live in city for whatever reasons,
           | you just have to take that into consideration.
        
           | pmorici wrote:
           | Find someone who owns an oversized lot and offer to buy their
           | yard or buy a tear down.
        
         | StevePerkins wrote:
         | You'd have to find a builder. After 2008, that industry re-
         | tooled and now there are considerably fewer builders working in
         | residential development. And even those only want to work with
         | developers on building new subdivisions, not work with
         | individuals on single homes.
        
           | bananapear wrote:
           | What do you mean by "re-tooled"? What changed in 2008?
        
             | StevePerkins wrote:
             | Re-tooled in the sense of adapting their organizations to
             | pursue commercial development opportunities more so than
             | residential development (e.g. hiring more people with
             | networks and experience in that market).
             | 
             | The 2007-2008 crash wiped out a lot of over-leveraged
             | residential developers, and individuals building single
             | homes. From conversations I've had with people in that
             | industry, their sense is that we learned next to nothing
             | and that a repeat of that experience is inevitable. So
             | commercial development became seen as more desirable and
             | less risky.
             | 
             | Now that I think about it though, I haven't had any
             | conversations since COVID! I wonder if the rise of remote
             | work will have enough impact on commercial development to
             | flip that calculus again.
        
             | syedkarim wrote:
             | We hired a builder about five years ago to build our home.
             | What we found after talking with a dozen (or more) local
             | custom home builders was that the math doesn't make sense
             | for lower-cost custom homes. A custom home, in this case,
             | is anything that is not a part of a development or
             | subdivision. The GC (general contractor/builder) charges
             | about a 20% management fee on top of all costs that are
             | paid to build the house. GC have minimal full-time staff of
             | their own and use sub-contractors for most everything.
             | Builders with really good reputations might charge up to a
             | 30% management fee. The net income, after the builder's
             | operational costs (insurance, taxes, overhead) are 10% of
             | the home cost if the management fee is 20%.
             | 
             | A builder can only take on so many projects per year.
             | Typically three or four. The amount of work that goes into
             | managing a $300,000 project (not including land) is mostly
             | the same as one that costs $600,000 or $1,200,000. Why make
             | $30,000 per project when there's an opportunity for $60k or
             | $120k?
             | 
             | After 2008, I believe banks started being much less willing
             | to provide construction loans to builders, as many went
             | upside down on projects when the market crashed. The bank
             | doesn't want to repossess a halfway-done new construction
             | project, which is the hardest thing to resell. There are
             | fewer speculative custom homes being built now, compared to
             | before 2008. And builders are no longer taking any kind of
             | risk on projects, so their customers need to acquire
             | financing on their own.
             | 
             | Relatively few banks offer reasonably priced construction
             | loans. We were required to have the land paid in full and
             | also bring 30% as a down payment for the construction loan.
        
         | harambae wrote:
         | I just wanted to chime in (since you're being downvoted) that
         | this is exactly what I'm doing and I viewed things roughly the
         | same way as you.
         | 
         | The difficult part is finding a reasonable plot of land. During
         | housing booms (bubbles?) land also tends to be overpriced, and
         | you need to be aware of local regulations (how far well water
         | needs to be from a leach field, etc.)
         | 
         | In my case, I'll only be required to go into work twice a week
         | at most in Boston, so I'm building the house 3 hours away in
         | Maine. I enjoy the rural lifestyle and also have personal
         | connections to a builder - I'm not saying this is for everyone
         | necessarily.
         | 
         | In this type of climate new housing can be justifiably built to
         | an incredibly high level of insulation with only some
         | intentional (and controllable) fresh air allowed. ICF is better
         | than wood if you plan windows ahead of time. Eventually this
         | will save you money in heating costs when you live in New
         | England.
         | 
         | Anyway, yes it's still possible to build houses in America.
        
         | parkingrift wrote:
         | You could potentially build a cheaper home, but it is extremely
         | unlikely. Individuals almost never have access to small enough
         | plots of land for this to be feasible.
         | 
         | This really only works in the exurbs or rural areas.
        
         | ryathal wrote:
         | Unless you plan on doing the building yourself, building is
         | more expensive than buying.
        
       | libertine wrote:
       | Part of this phenomenon reached Portugal during the pandemic,
       | some people from "big cities" went to the interior to buy houses
       | for cheap to then either rent their houses in the city or the
       | other one acquired.
       | 
       | Basically they removed a lot of houses from the market from
       | locals, making them reach prohibitive prices completely off the
       | reality of what locals can afford... where will they go?
       | 
       | What's the value added from the new-comers to those markets? They
       | are not developing new houses, they aren't creating new jobs, and
       | they shop mostly in big supermarkets.
        
       | scythe wrote:
       | https://constructionphysics.substack.com/p/construction-cost...
       | 
       | https://www.vox.com/22534714/rail-roads-infrastructure-costs...
       | 
       | It's funny that we talk about manufacturing "dying" while
       | productivity is still very high. Meanwhile, the construction
       | industry is actually foundering and we shrug. "Guess China is
       | buying all the cement." Which cannot explain international
       | disparities at all.
       | 
       | We can build small projects out of wood just fine. But those
       | smaller projects need to be supported by larger projects:
       | airports, hospitals, roads. Our existing concrete (literally)
       | infrastructure is overburdened, which drives voter demand for
       | restrictions on move-ins. Stop moving to Atlanta, stop moving to
       | Austin, stop moving to Sussex County, Delaware.
       | 
       | We shouldn't be overwhelmed every time a city grows. Wonks blame
       | the voters, voters blame the wonks, a bridge in Pittsburgh falls
       | into a river.
       | 
       | The history of many cities shows periods of rapid growth far
       | exceeding Austin over the last decade. San Francisco's population
       | grew by >20% every decade from 1850 to 1930. There is no general
       | rule that says growing cities must be so expensive. It's a
       | phenomenon in the US, right now, not everywhere, all the time.
        
       | weregiraffe wrote:
       | There will never be a "normal" housing market until the
       | government starts to treat it as the food market. That is, as an
       | absolute life necessity that needs to to be heavily regulated and
       | subsidized to ensure everyone has access.
        
         | nikanj wrote:
         | If I own land and decide to grow food, I need way less permits
         | than if I decide to grow housing
        
         | xibalba wrote:
         | Over regulation is a big part of how this mess was created in
         | the first place. Go read about Stockholm's housing Utopia
         | hellscape to see the future you'd create.
        
           | mmarq wrote:
           | The only housing hellscape I had to deal with in my entire
           | life has been renting in London. Thank God I finally managed
           | to buy a flat, but I've been at risk of homelessness with a
           | solid 6-digit salary, because landlords can evict you with 1
           | month notice for no reason (so guess what happens if the
           | fridge breaks and they don't want to replace it). Renters are
           | vetted more than somebody who requested a mortgage, are not
           | expected to have any privacy and may not pass the reference
           | check if they had a severe disease (say cancer). The state of
           | disrepair is appalling, professionals live in places where
           | Sweden, as you mentioned Stockholm, wouldn't house criminals
           | or recovering addicts (as in somebody who can't pay rent).
           | 
           | Going from this hellscape to whatever is going on in
           | Stockholm would definitely be an improvement.
        
             | xibalba wrote:
             | > Going from this hellscape to whatever is going on in
             | Stockholm would definitely be an improvement
             | 
             | Are you sure?:
             | 
             | "Sweden has not built enough rental(s) ... meaning long
             | queues for rent-controlled housing ... average waiting time
             | was 9 years in 2020" [1]
             | 
             | "...fuelled a thriving sub-letting or "second-hand" market,
             | with "first-hand" renters and owners alike offering
             | apartments to tenants for very high prices, despite
             | regulations designed to stop people being ripped-off." [2]
             | 
             | "70% of local authorities reported a housing shortage in
             | 2020." [1]
             | 
             | "...strict rent controls discourage developers from
             | building and individuals from renting out vacant
             | properties..." [1]
             | 
             | "Generous mortgage tax breaks encourage households to buy
             | property and the combination has forced up house prices and
             | household borrowing to levels that threaten the economy"
             | [1]
             | 
             | "Home prices have risen around 18% over the last year
             | alone" [1]
             | 
             | "Regulations ... are also fuelling market instability" [2]
             | 
             | "'I have a lot of friends who are struggling - moving many
             | times per year,' says Maria Grigorenko, a 29-year-old brand
             | manager in Stockholm" [2]
             | 
             | [1] https://www.reuters.com/article/sweden-housing/factbox-
             | dysfu...
             | 
             | [2] https://www.bbc.com/news/business-58317555
        
               | mmarq wrote:
               | You've just posted a link that proves my point:
               | 
               | Despite its complex challenges, Sweden is in a better
               | position on housing than many other EU countries. Only
               | around 8% of Swedes live in households spending more than
               | 40% of disposable income on housing, compared to 15% in
               | the UK and almost 40% in Greece, according Eurostat data.
               | Swedes are also less likely to live with their parents
               | than any other young Europeans. But until recently,
               | getting a well-maintained, rent-controlled apartment
               | straight after school is something some Swedes have just
               | taken "for granted", argues Liza, a 37-year-old tech
               | worker, who didn't want to share her last name. She moved
               | to London from Stockholm last year, and believes Swedes
               | complaining about housing shortages would do well to put
               | their struggles in a wider context. "In the UK,
               | apartments are often super old and not of good standard,
               | even though the rent would be much more than in Sweden."
        
           | goodpoint wrote:
           | "Over regulation" is an absurd concept: laws are not simply
           | "not enough" or "too much".
           | 
           | What really matters is *what* is allowed and prohibited and
           | who benefits from it.
           | 
           | In many countries regulatory capture led to building and
           | zoning laws that serve to the interest of large investors
           | groups as well as small speculators.
           | 
           | People who have a home as necessity rather than an investment
           | are put at a disadvantage.
        
             | pmorici wrote:
             | Wether you like it or not owning a home is always an
             | investment. Perhaps not a good one but an investment non
             | the less. To act like there are two types of people and
             | that one disadvantaging the other because of their
             | preference is silly.
        
               | goodpoint wrote:
               | No. You are confusing the primary purpose being an
               | investment and being a dwelling.
               | 
               | The intentions and behavior of the buyer can be
               | profoundly different.
               | 
               | Unsurprisingly, most countries have different regulations
               | for first home buyer VS local investors VS foreign
               | investors.
               | 
               | If anything it's silly not wanting to acknowledge the
               | difference. Or perhaps a bit cheeky.
        
               | pmorici wrote:
               | Unless the owner is letting the property sit empty it
               | isn't going to have an effect on the supply/ demand
               | balance of housing. Where you live is always going to
               | have financial consequences that can't be ignored.
        
               | goodpoint wrote:
               | > Unless the owner is letting the property sit empty
               | 
               | ...which happens all the time, especially with large
               | speculative investors.
               | 
               | > it isn't going to have an effect
               | 
               | Besides, it's also plain wrong, obviously. Owners have an
               | effect on the occupancy rate. The same house can be
               | occupied by 2, 3 or 4 for example.
        
         | crisdux wrote:
         | Government had a heavy hand in causing the issue and your
         | solution is more government to fix the problem? We need reform.
         | 
         | In general, food in the US is not heavily regulated and that's
         | why we have some of the cheapest and most varied foods in the
         | world.
        
           | alisonkisk wrote:
           | Food production is extremely subsidized and that is why it is
           | cheap.
        
             | crisdux wrote:
             | No food is cheap because of our vast productive land and
             | technology. I'm not denying that subsidizes don't exist.
             | You can't just make general statements.
             | 
             | If you added up the entire market for all retail and food
             | services-- we are talking trillions of dollars a year in
             | sales. The subsidizes are small. Think restaurants, grocery
             | stores, food processing, etc that are all in this category.
        
             | rowanajmarshall wrote:
             | Food is also cheap the New Zealand, who doesn't subsidise
             | at all. The US has fantastic soils, good weather, buckets
             | of cheap capital, and an awesome transportation network
             | (both natural and artificial); that's why food is cheap.
        
         | tootahe45 wrote:
         | It's heavily regulated and subsidized in NZ and it's also lot
         | more un-affordable here. Since a few years ago we've been
         | allowed to withdraw our version of a 401k to buy houses, to
         | give you an idea of how much the govt has been trying to prop
         | things up.
        
           | zeckalpha wrote:
           | You can do that in the US, too
           | https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/081815/can-i-
           | take-m...
        
         | StevePerkins wrote:
         | Bring back mid-century urban planning? While we're ignoring
         | history of utopian policies, perhaps we should give eugenics a
         | second chance?
        
           | alisonkisk wrote:
        
       | sascha_sl wrote:
       | Ah, great, another thing I wouldn't have access to in my lifetime
       | despite being in the top 25% income bracket.
       | 
       | Capital accumulates in the hands of so few, it's just so fucked
       | up and hurts to even think about. I'd settle in a hut in the
       | forest, but I'm sure someone will try to evict me there too!
        
         | bittercynic wrote:
         | The timing is unpredictable, but I think it's highly likely
         | that you will get the opportunity to buy yourself a house if
         | you are thrifty and patient.
        
           | ianai wrote:
           | Eh or buy at a high price now and find yourself unable to
           | sell when prices lower. The long term population trends in
           | the US are decreasing. My guess is it'll be driven by baby
           | boomer population decline. It'd be interesting to look into
           | that deeper.
           | 
           | Probably the best home buying scenario right now is to buy as
           | little as you need. At least the eventual hurt is lesser.
           | 
           | I mirror GP though. I graduated into the Great Recession and
           | couldn't find work for many years. The work I did eventually
           | find wouldn't have afforded real estate, ever. Now that my
           | incomes up to buy home territory (comfortably) there's this
           | huge land grab. Not going to start on things like family
           | formation. Feels like chasing a hundred dollar bill that's
           | being pulled on a line away from me.
        
         | formerly_proven wrote:
         | You can't live in the forest, that's illegal.
        
       | doingtheiroming wrote:
       | When has the housing market ever been normal? It's had periods of
       | equilibrium. Is that a synonym for normality? If we are thinking
       | it terms of common features over time, perhaps the housing market
       | mostly appearing to be demented is actually normality.
        
         | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
         | _> When has the housing market ever been normal?_
         | 
         | When we had less regulation, the prices increases followed wage
         | increases or inflation since housing was built and bought just
         | so families could live in and wasn't a speculative/investment
         | vehicle so others could get a return on their investment.
        
       | mooreds wrote:
       | The author ignores one of the biggest issues, which is the
       | secular generational trend of the millenials (the biggest
       | generation ever) moving into prime housebuying years (30-40s)
       | while the boomers (second biggest generation) are aging in place.
       | That's also putting a squeeze on available inventory.
       | 
       | The author also ignores the USA's land use policy (other than a
       | tangential nod to 'we aren't building enough' which could have
       | many reasons).
       | 
       | Of course, there are many factors that the author mentions that
       | are also adding stress to the housing market. It'd be interesting
       | to read some research that attributes weight to each of them.
        
         | harambae wrote:
         | >secular generational trend of the millenials (the biggest
         | generation ever) moving into prime housebuying years
         | 
         | I see this argument repeated everywhere and I still don't
         | believe it. What, did these Millenials just crawl out of a
         | swamp a week ago?
         | 
         | It was known 35.75 years in advance when 35 year old Millenials
         | would turn this age (assuming they survived life to that
         | point).
         | 
         | It's the world's most predictable situation. Are the same
         | people who are surprised by this also surprised when it snows
         | each winter?
        
       | emerged wrote:
       | The more articles predict continued doom and gloom, the more
       | optimistic I become. Simply because that heuristic has made a
       | fine Bayesian prior for most of my life.
        
       | theonlybutlet wrote:
       | UN Reckons the world population should plateau by 2100 so I guess
       | then.
        
       | euroclydon wrote:
       | "It's like a doubling up. The homeowner goes to buy the next
       | home, move up or move down. And because mortgages are so cheap,
       | it's a really good time to keep the first one as a rental unit.
       | And so each year I go to buy a next one and I keep my first one.
       | And so that's one big phenomenon. And all of a sudden I'm a real
       | estate investor. And at the same time, institutional money's been
       | cheap. There's a lot of news about the big private equity funds
       | buying up homes, but it's actually the individuals who are
       | driving most of it. So in the last decade we've taken 8 million
       | homes out of the resale cycle and moved them into the investment
       | rental part of the pool. And that's, you know, 9% of all the
       | single family homes."
       | 
       | This tells me that home seekers should be making offers to
       | landlords rather than wasting their time making cold offers for
       | people's primary residence. I bet a lot of those small time
       | landlords are nervous about cash flow, and you could find one
       | that's ready to get out.
        
         | willcipriano wrote:
         | I think the trick to "we buy homes" or whatever is they buy way
         | under market. My neighbor sold for something like 150k, they
         | fixed the place up and resold it for a little over 500k.
         | Landlords aren't going to go that low.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | I'm guessing they put in 100k or more go remodel. 290k
           | wouldn't surprise me. They are still making a lot money, but
           | they are also taking that risk. There is far more of it going
           | on than should be, but people who need to move in a hurry
           | might like it. The better such companies that have existed
           | for years without the advertising have good working
           | relationships with contractors and thus get both a better
           | deal and faster service than you could: the contractors know
           | who brings in busines. They also know which contractors are
           | actually good as opposed to scams.
           | 
           | But the business doesn't support nearly the advertising that
           | you see in normal markets. Call A qualified realtor with a
           | dump house and they will call these people if your house is a
           | hard sell. (If you know the fair value of your house you can
           | avoid realtor fees selling direct )
        
             | willcipriano wrote:
             | I'm sure they put a lot of money in, these are old houses.
             | I think they target less sophisticated sellers who don't
             | have capital. She could've gotten a lot better deal if she
             | put 20k - 30k in herself and fixed the major issues but she
             | wasn't in a place to do that. A landlord with a few
             | properties has more options and won't sell as low.
        
         | xwdv wrote:
         | This will only guarantee you will buy the shittiest houses with
         | poor cashflow or other issues, as those are the only ones
         | landlords will sell off.
        
         | bsenftner wrote:
         | Although the books are old and the author discredited, the
         | "Rich Dad Poor Dad" real estate investment series still have a
         | large number of people trying to follow the author's advice.
         | They and similar "pop culture investors" are the prime
         | landlords in over their heads that would be likely to sell. But
         | be able to negotiate potential nonsense, as they are over their
         | heads and tend not to be rational about their investment.
        
         | StevePerkins wrote:
         | > _" There's a lot of news about the big private equity funds
         | buying up homes, but it's actually the individuals who are
         | driving most of it."_
         | 
         | I realize there are a lot of "house flipper" shows on reality
         | TV, but I don't buy this. I'm not receiving 20-30 phone calls
         | and texts per week from "individuals" wanting to buy my house.
         | I'm getting those calls from sophisticated commercial
         | operations, who mask their phone numbers to include the same
         | area code and first three digits as my own, etc.
         | 
         | Individuals aren't putting up "We buy houses! Guaranteed
         | offer!" billboards every few hundred feet in my city.
         | 
         | I don't think that banks will even give individuals an endless
         | series of mortgages. You can't declare rental income as
         | "income" to qualify for mortgage loans.
        
           | dmitrygr wrote:
           | > You can't declare rental income as "income" to qualify for
           | mortgage loans.
           | 
           | You absolutely can. I did that. Bank was happy to consider
           | money i make from renting out one of my houses as income when
           | qualifying me for a mortgage for another.
        
           | ryathal wrote:
           | You can absolutely use rental income as income, the main
           | thing is you generally need 1-2 years of experience running
           | rentals. You can even use theoretical income from renting out
           | a new purchase in some cases.
        
           | OJFord wrote:
           | Wow, where's that?
        
             | StevePerkins wrote:
             | Atlanta. The Southeast is booming, and Atlanta in
             | particular is turning into a tech hub. There may be less
             | pressure in areas that are seeing net migration outflows,
             | but I don't think the U.S. has enough housing to cover our
             | population increases anywhere.
        
               | powvans wrote:
               | Can confirm. I live in Atlanta and am about to write
               | letters like the one from the article to the owners of a
               | couple dozen properties in my neighborhood that I've
               | identified as suitable for my family. Just as discussed,
               | I'm not planning to sell my current home.
               | 
               | PSA: For anyone thinking of moving to Atlanta, don't.
               | It's horrible here, go anywhere else. Save yourself from
               | doom! /s
        
           | mooreds wrote:
           | > You can't declare rental income as "income" to qualify for
           | mortgage loans.
           | 
           | Depends. If you have a signed lease, some lenders will take
           | some portion of that into account when considering lending
           | you money.
        
           | mcv wrote:
           | I think there needs to be a strong fiscal disincentive
           | against owning houses for investment. Houses need to be lived
           | in, preferably by the owner. I'm all for a punitive tax on
           | empty houses or houses with ridiculously high rent.
        
             | closeparen wrote:
             | Being able to rent a place to live is good, actually.
        
               | escapedmoose wrote:
               | But not nearly as good as being able to buy it (assuming
               | the single-family, multi-year home that the author is
               | describing). Communities need both options, but the
               | current climate leans far too heavily toward renting in
               | situations when buying would be better for everyone.
        
             | tut-urut-utut wrote:
             | One step forward would be to just disallow any tax
             | deductions for renting. Next step, increase taxes on rented
             | or empty housing.
             | 
             | In a few years, the market would settle with much more
             | affordable prices for buying. But we still would have a
             | problem that building new houses would stop to a halt due
             | to low ROI, and renting market would heat again. For that,
             | I'm not sure how to solve this.
        
               | pmorici wrote:
               | Wether a house is rented or owned by the person occupying
               | it doesn't effect the basic supply/ demand dynamics of
               | the market. Punitive taxes on landlords isn't going to
               | cause housing prices to come down because the cause of
               | high prices is a housing shortage. There is no indication
               | supply is being artificially depressed by people letting
               | houses sit unoccupied.
        
             | maxerickson wrote:
             | Build lots of housing so that the market isn't demand
             | driven.
        
               | readthenotes1 wrote:
               | Have you seen the price of timber lately?
               | 
               | (I know a family that opened a concrete plant in 2016.
               | They are now multimillionaires whereas before they were
               | scrambling to keep afloat)
        
             | shiftpgdn wrote:
             | They already have this in Texas (homestead exemption) and
             | Texas is one of the hottest markets for single family
             | rentals. They are building entire suburbs that are rental
             | homes only. Millennials as a group don't want to live in
             | apartments anymore because of the effects of Covid 19
             | causing people to be locked into their homes.
        
               | StevePerkins wrote:
               | Same thing in Georgia (punitive taxes on any residential
               | property beyond your primary home), and Atlanta is still
               | one of the hottest housing markets in the nation.
               | 
               | Just pass those costs on to your tenants.
        
               | escapedmoose wrote:
               | I don't think homestead exemption is big enough to
               | realistically expect a broad shift in behavior.
        
           | curiousllama wrote:
           | No, but they consider a mortgage on a rental property with a
           | signed lease separately from a mortgage on a
           | primary/secondary residence.
           | 
           | They'll def give an endless series of mortgages to an
           | otherwise wealthy person who keeps paying them back by
           | renting out the homes.
        
           | bognition wrote:
           | > "You can't declare rental income as "income" to qualify for
           | mortgage loans."
           | 
           | You absolutely can, it is income after all.
           | 
           | All the banks care about is if the cost of the new mortgage
           | is going to exceed your debt to income ratio.
        
             | ryanianian wrote:
             | > All the banks care about is if the cost of the new
             | mortgage is going to exceed your debt to income ratio.
             | 
             | Not exactly. The underwriting process is very different for
             | full-time residences versus investment/rental properties.
             | Rates are usually higher, debt/income ratio must be lower,
             | and appraisals and cashflow analyses include rental market
             | considerations.
             | 
             | Given this it's entirely reasonable to assume the rift
             | between mortgage products for investment vs residence to
             | widen. If congresspeople want to do something about
             | perceived imbalance between residence and income real-
             | estate, they could change federal subsidies or underwriting
             | requirements for income properties making mortgages for
             | income properties much more expensive and/or harder to get.
             | 
             | (Just realized a peer comment said something similar.)
        
               | Kon-Peki wrote:
               | That's not what the article is saying. You buy a house as
               | your full-time residence, live in it for a few years, and
               | then buy another as your full-time residence. The
               | previous one is rented out. As long as you wait a few
               | years, the bank holding the loan on the previous house
               | doesn't care. That original, owner-occupied rate is
               | locked in for the life of the loan.
        
         | IAmGraydon wrote:
         | What is described here (buying a chain of properties year to
         | year) is unlikely for most people. You can't use rental income
         | when calculating your debt to income ratio. Unless you have a
         | massive income or an equally massive pile of cash, you are
         | going to quickly run out of lenders willing to lend to you in
         | your entirely over-levered position. Also, you have to stay in
         | a home for a certain number of years for it to be considered a
         | "primary residence" and therefor able to be mortgaged with a
         | low down payment. Otherwise in each transaction you'll have to
         | come up with 25-30% down.
        
           | ttt333 wrote:
           | > "You can't use rental income when calculating your debt to
           | income ratio."
           | 
           | Do you have a source for this claim? Based on personal
           | friends who work in the lending / single family rental home
           | space, I don't think that's correct. [0] [1]
           | 
           | [0]: https://www.valuepenguin.com/mortgages/claiming-rental-
           | incom...
           | 
           | [1]: https://selling-guide.fanniemae.com/Selling-
           | Guide/Originatio...
        
             | StevePerkins wrote:
             | If that's actually the case, and many of those mortgages
             | are adjustable-rate, then we've learned nothing and another
             | 2007 may be inevitable.
             | 
             | Fortunately, I still believe that the overwhelming majority
             | of new rental units are being scooped up and placed on
             | market by commercial entities, not individuals. You may
             | have many individuals putting their second house up for
             | rent, but I'm skeptical that banks are giving individuals a
             | half-dozen loans in series. With the housing shortage as
             | bad as it is (we're just not building enough to offset our
             | population growth), I suspect that commercial entities
             | would swoop in and buy up most second houses that
             | individuals couldn't maintain anymore.
        
               | adwi wrote:
               | It is the case, and generally people that are savvy
               | enough to purchase these are savvy enough to lock in a 3%
               | rate when offered.
        
           | endisneigh wrote:
           | Most of this is false:
           | 
           | 1. With a lease and/or two years of prior landlord experience
           | you can use rental income both for existing and projected for
           | new property.
           | 
           | 2. For multi unit, if you're owner occupied you qualify for
           | FHA and therefore can put down as little as 3%
           | 
           | 3. You only have to stay in your home for 6 months for
           | refinance and 1 year for initial purchase. The guidelines are
           | loose, and can relocate earlier depending.
           | 
           | That being said, it doesn't really make sense since most
           | properties in high cost of living areas don't cash flow well
           | to begin with.
        
             | adwi wrote:
             | Having purchased a multifamily recently I can confirm all
             | of these are true.
             | 
             | I bought during the plummeting urban Covid rents. When
             | looking for my mortgage a few banks told me their
             | underwriters were temporarily directed to ignore all
             | building income toward qualification.
             | 
             | I worked with a good mortgage broker and he had the option
             | of 20+ banks that were happy to write a conventional loan
             | using a ratio of the building's income counting toward my
             | qualification. I believe it was 80%.
             | 
             | Re: cash flow, I live in half the building, at current
             | rents the two tenants pay 84% of the mortgage tax and
             | insurance. The tax write offs more than make up for the
             | rest.
        
         | ianai wrote:
         | Most or all of these type of landlords that I've spoken to
         | strongly disliked to actively hated being a landlord. It's very
         | counter the "get wealthy slowly" narrative of being a landlord.
         | Of course the financial aspects are true though they don't
         | mention them. This is in a location where good renters are a
         | dime a dozen and building new units is pretty much impossible.
        
           | a2tech wrote:
           | Well yes, they all complain about being a landlord. However
           | as you say, they never discuss the money side of things--just
           | the hassle. Most landlords in a very bad year will break
           | even, but in an average year will be in the positive. And of
           | course you shouldn't even be looking at rental income in the
           | short term--you should be looking at it as an asset that
           | someone else pays for entirely and maybe slops a little extra
           | cash to you in the short term and THEN when you're older and
           | they've paid for your asset as a revenue generator. I've been
           | looking at buying a rental even though the prices are insane
           | right now simply as a source of reoccurring revenue when my
           | wife and I are older and the loan has been paid off.
        
           | sjamaan wrote:
           | I've done the same (bought a house, kept the old one for
           | rental) and used an agency as a middle man. They take care of
           | collecting rent, and the day to day business if, say, a
           | plumber needs to be called (I just have to sign off on it).
           | This at a 6% fee of the monthly rent is quite worth it to
           | avoid any hassle. The rent income also fully covers the
           | mortgage of the new house so basically my living costs are
           | for free.
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | Being a halfway decent landlord is a miserable pain in the
           | ass unless you live or work very close to your rental
           | property. And even then, it's pretty easy to see several
           | months income go up in smoke with even a modest renovation or
           | repair.
           | 
           | The income is nice, but it's anything but "passive" unless
           | your rents are so high that you can afford to pay a
           | management company, and/or you are comfortable being a
           | slumlord.
        
             | ianai wrote:
             | Yes and I've heard mostly complaints about management
             | companies. All the classic principal/agent problems with
             | the costs of bringing more people into the situation.
             | 
             | Edit-added "more people"
        
         | prepend wrote:
         | > This tells me that home seekers should be making offers to
         | landlords rather than wasting their time making cold offers for
         | people's primary residence.
         | 
         | I don't think so as landlords are locked into a 3% fixed
         | mortgage and have a profitable income stream.
         | 
         | Unless there's some life event that requires them to sell,
         | landlords are less likely to sell than regular homeowners.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | paulnpace wrote:
       | Not in the article and rarely discussed is the most powerful
       | influence on the price of housing: lack of production.
       | 
       | Prices are a function of demand _and supply_. Oddly, the article
       | seems to just drive right past this as the author discusses the
       | problems related to people having nowhere to go, specifically
       | when mentioning that if they sell their home for a tidy profit,
       | they don 't actually profit because they now have to go compete
       | for a house. For all the arguments in the article, the following
       | proposition seems like a reasonable evaluation: if Silicon Valley
       | residents woke up tomorrow morning and discovered 5,000,000 new
       | homes on the market, would that be predicted to influence the
       | price? Of course it would, and that impact would be that prices
       | would immediately plummet.
       | 
       | This is true because the housing we are talking about may also be
       | called _shelter_ , and the demand for shelter is highly
       | inelastic. People will do a lot to maintain shelter, including
       | going without many other consumer items, buying used vehicles and
       | using them until they turn to dust, sharing housing, taking
       | second jobs, etc. In effect, all of the things we seen the
       | younger generations doing are all the things we can easily
       | predict one to do in order to have shelter, though most are not
       | aware of or otherwise unable to articulate these kinds of
       | economic considerations.
       | 
       | Supply was only marginally restricted until somewhere around the
       | early 90s, when states, counties, and municipalities began
       | placing wholesale moratoriums on housing construction*. I can
       | remember in the 80s as child driving through San Jose and seeing
       | large orchards that are all now suburban housing. Looking around
       | the valley, there has been no other housing development anywhere
       | near that size, yet the net job growth in absolute numbers is
       | many times higher.
       | 
       | Many of the valley central planners plan construction as if it's
       | still 1980, where each residential unit has something like 3
       | bedrooms to be occupied by two adults and two children, but
       | reality is more like 3-5 adults. The result is substantially
       | higher traffic and inadequate services, notably in the grocery
       | stores which I observed to never have enough parking spaces, long
       | lines, and popular items frequently out of stock on the shelf.
       | Long commutes to far away communities are another result,
       | essentially the planners deciding that among the most efficient
       | workforce on the planet must be the task of sitting in a car 3
       | hours every day, which commonly cuts into what would likely be a
       | good night's sleep, making the workers yet less efficient.
       | 
       | The lack of shelter problem cannot be solved through anything
       | other than increased production of housing. It is not a price
       | problem. Prices are just the method we use to inform us on the
       | situation of supply and demand for a product.
       | 
       | Older generations will fight this, tooth and nail, because much
       | of their savings are wrapped inside of a product they are
       | consuming. Younger generations, if they ever figure out what is
       | going on, may become hostile to the other needs of older
       | generations, which, in my opinion, is a far greater risk to the
       | older generations than the loss of equity in their homes. This
       | goes without having a discussion as to the immorality of forcing
       | younger generations into conditions of economically-enforced
       | cohabitation and homelessness purely so that older generations
       | can enjoy the profit that comes with restricted supply on the
       | assets they own.
       | 
       | I suppose this was a long-winded way of stating that the
       | article's title claim is wrong, because there will likely never
       | be a "normal housing market" short of some sort of large scale
       | coordinated effort to substantially loosen or eliminate
       | restrictions on construction.
       | 
       | * Especially in California, housing construction is largely
       | limited in absolute number of "new residential units" (NRUs),
       | which is different than the popular understanding of increased
       | difficulty in approval of design (the latter exists, and has for
       | a long time, but it is not as significant as absolute
       | restriction).
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | > : if Silicon Valley residents woke up tomorrow morning and
         | discovered 5,000,000 new homes on the market, would that be
         | predicted to influence the price? Of course it would, and that
         | impact would be that prices would immediately plummet.
         | 
         | It might also plummet because quality of life would go down as
         | resources that cannot be replicated have to be divided amongst
         | many more people. Same as tourist hotspots. Why would people
         | already living there want more crowded trails, ski slopes, and
         | beaches?
        
           | paulnpace wrote:
           | You are taking out of context a slice of my entire argument,
           | which includes the fact that the resources are already being
           | consumed. The people are already living there.
           | 
           | The choice of an outrageously high number of homes in the
           | example is purely to demonstrate that the fallacious claim of
           | housing just mysteriously increasing in price without any
           | visible cause, often presented as some magical force within
           | the universe.
           | 
           | It is, in fact, not possible to have such a scenario because
           | such a construction project would require a lot of planning,
           | so prices would actually begin to fall once the plans are put
           | into place, likely reducing the overall number of units
           | constructed as developers abandon plans, and the ultimate
           | "clearing" price will drop to within some more reasonable
           | bounds than the current price reflects.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Sorry, I did not mean to imply that I disagree with your
             | post. Rather, I was trying to provide context for why
             | existing land owners are incentivized to vote for
             | restrictions on new construction, or even restrictions on
             | higher density construction.
             | 
             | You are right that there is no normal. The US in the 1900s,
             | especially western US, was probably a right place in the
             | right time event where the parameters of the environment
             | allowed for that number of humans to live at a certain
             | quality of life, and the parameters have changed now that
             | there are billions of more people in the world.
        
               | paulnpace wrote:
               | > You are right that there is no normal. The US in the
               | 1900s, especially western US, was probably a right place
               | in the right time event where the parameters of the
               | environment allowed for that number of humans to live at
               | a certain quality of life, and the parameters have
               | changed now that there are billions of more people in the
               | world, and probably tens or maybe even a hundred million
               | more competitors.
               | 
               | There is a normal, and it is to allow housing to be
               | constructed as desired. The whole number of people on the
               | planet is not relevant. For example, if the same
               | regulations had existed for centuries before, there would
               | be no metropolises today, because all construction has
               | been constricted, to include the formation of a new
               | metropolis.
               | 
               | Take a look at some place like New York city in Google
               | Maps, then look at San Jose, California. notice that San
               | Jose has somewhere close to 1000 square miles of
               | undeveloped land surrounding it. In fact, if you drive to
               | San Jose going north on 101, the "Entering San Jose" sign
               | is in the middle of nowhere and IIRC, you can't see
               | anything resembling civilization other than the eroded
               | star-thistle-saturated brown hills (they claim this is
               | for "preservation" as if that is what things looked like
               | before being settled).
               | 
               | I have been through this issue for myself many times in
               | considering where I live, because I was always just
               | behind the curve in Silicon Valley, so I left, as the
               | minimum wage to live what I consider a normal American
               | life is now $150k in that region, with housing ownership
               | starting salary at $250k, which is ludicrous.
               | 
               | You have to work this back completely: at some point,
               | there were no people. Then someone arrived and decided
               | they would like to construct shelter for themselves in
               | the form of a house atop some soil. Then more people
               | arrived, and they decided to do the same thing. We arrive
               | at the 1990s, and many people have this: shelter atop
               | some soil. Philosophically, you cannot justify someone
               | who has shelter atop soil being granted the privilege of
               | owning the shelter over someone who would like to
               | construct shelter atop their soil, other than to say they
               | have greater rights than the other, which presents a
               | rather different picture: the establishment of a caste
               | system which also works to enrich those who already own
               | shelter. Thus, the scenario today is the older
               | generations directly profiting from the impoverishment of
               | the younger generations.
               | 
               | I call this a great moral conundrum, and what is
               | difficult about it is the older generations are in no way
               | motivated to ever address this conundrum. They can live
               | out their entire lives profiting from this highly immoral
               | scenario, and not even think about it. It is why I
               | believe that land owners in California and elsewhere with
               | similar policies are among the most immoral people in
               | modern history.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Push comes to shove, the only justification needed is
               | might makes right.
               | 
               | The "normal" of allowing housing to be constructed as
               | desired is rooted in property rights, which there are
               | countless flavors of, all the way from the way Native
               | American tribes allowed their members to live, to kings
               | and queens to modern democracy and local zoning laws.
               | 
               | This applies across time also, as current generations can
               | "take" from future generations (see water, clean air,
               | farmable land, etc), but the whole who has a right to how
               | much and when is a conversation fraught with
               | disagreements on premise and assumptions.
        
               | paulnpace wrote:
               | It takes time to work through, but ultimately I don't
               | find it very complicated because it comes down to the
               | single issue:
               | 
               | Someone today has a shelter atop some soil and believes
               | that someone else should not have a shelter atop some
               | soil, and the person who currently has shelter atop some
               | soil profits by preventing people from creating new
               | shelter atop some soil.
               | 
               | People generally introduce the other issues that are
               | outside of this narrowly defined immoral position.
        
             | paulnpace wrote:
             | Sorry about that, I didn't intend to come off so
             | belligerent, but it is easy to appear so with rapid
             | replies.
        
       | verisimi wrote:
       | I see the housing market as part of wider transition.
       | 
       | I think it is clear we are moving to a technocracy - we will not
       | own anything, we will receive a UBI, we will be provided for (as
       | a low level) but this will come at the cost of freedom.
       | Technocrats (aka billionaire elites) will take closer control of
       | the world's resources and micro-manage us.
       | 
       | There are several issues before we actually enter that system.
       | Firstly, it is required that we all have a biometrical-security-
       | id to do anything. This part is already underway - we are
       | starting to be convinced of the need to provide id (green pass,
       | citizen scores or whatever) to go shopping, or even leave the
       | house.
       | 
       | Another of the issues that those who would achieve technocracy
       | face, is that as much as the billionaire class owns, there is
       | still independent wealth. In raising house prices, they create a
       | new conflict - the older generation that own their houses know
       | what it means - independence, that they worked for it, etc.
       | Mostly they cannot conceive of owning nothing. The younger
       | generation are the opposite, they cannot conceive of owning
       | anything, or even moving out of their bedroom - they face an
       | interminable childhood. I can see how being provided with a 110
       | foot flat would be a step up. They are/will be fine with the
       | older generation losing their wealth and having the government
       | re-allocate those resources towards a small flat.
       | 
       | On the ground floor then, we will see a conflict between
       | generations. The planned result is that we are all worse off,
       | living in a smaller footprint, under close control. What little
       | wealth is on the ground floor, will shift up and become owned by
       | corporations. On the higher floors, corporations will own
       | everything - all the property. Corporations are in fact owned by
       | individuals - we do not see them, but these self-styled 'gods'
       | will own everything.
       | 
       | This is not freedom - the direction of travel is more overt
       | bondage for the general population. And mostly, in their
       | ignorance, people will be happy at the outcome.
       | 
       | If we were really tackling inequity, we would be tackling those
       | that own everything - but this is impossible given the secrecy of
       | trusts, media blackouts, etc. Ownership should be entirely
       | transparent - everything should be traceable. Corporations are
       | merely a further cloak - corporations are owned too. Which
       | individuals own Vanguard and Blackrock? But this will not be the
       | solution we seek to resolve the problem.
       | 
       | Instead, we will fight amongst ourselves. We will cheer as new
       | annual taxes (at 1%) are introduced on the value of a 'expensive'
       | (read, inflated) property, or when reverse equity options are
       | offered as the government buys up the housing stock. (Reverse
       | equity will come with a legal agreement to prevent the purchase
       | of another property.)
       | 
       | I hope this doesn't happen, but it seems that we have far to go
       | individually - when we still believe the media, when we still
       | believe that the government is there to help, we really haven't
       | learnt much.
        
         | Apocryphon wrote:
         | This narrative comes up a lot, back with NWO and FEMA black
         | helicopters in the '90s all the way to the Great Reset and
         | Davos Man in the modern day. Theodore Kaczynski also wrote
         | about it. While it's hard to deny there might be those who are
         | in favor of this, it's also hard to see that such an elaborate,
         | well-engineered plan is actually in formation.
         | 
         | UBI? While that popular has gotten some currency in the last
         | couple of years, in the U.S. alone it's been basically
         | impossible to get a measly second round of one-time $2k (now
         | 1.4k) stimulus checks out, much less a reoccurring program.
         | 
         | Biometrics? The concept of national ID has been DOA in the U.S.
         | for decades. Despite the use of vaccination cards, which are
         | plain paper, it is still no more politically feasible to pursue
         | such policies. The U.S. has a culture that's uniquely
         | individualist and anti-centralization, and this is bipartisan-
         | the ACLU has resisted E-Verify because of fears of the creation
         | of an onerous national ID system.
         | 
         | Being provided at a low level? The lack of affordable housing
         | and the rise in visible homelessness contradicts that notion.
         | 
         | > On the ground floor then, we will see a conflict between
         | generations. [...] What little wealth is on the ground floor,
         | will shift up and become owned by corporations.
         | 
         | That is much more believable, that centralization of wealth
         | leads to centralization of power. And we have seen this before
         | in history, just look at the Gilded Age. But that is a very
         | different thing from a carefully-engineered plan towards elite
         | control. It isn't an intentional plan to squeeze out middle-
         | class homebuyers, or to crush millennials with debt. It's
         | simply a side effect of vast, blind, financial games. The ants
         | are getting stomped upon by warring elephants.
         | 
         | People need to remember Hanlon's Razor. Instead of trying to
         | ascribe calculated malice towards the powers-that-be, remember
         | they are simply as clueless as the rest of everyone. They've
         | simply been playing the game to win, and continuously rewriting
         | the rules to keep winning. In such a case, technocracy is but a
         | side effect, not an intentional social engineering project.
         | Gibson, not Orwell.
         | 
         | https://www.theonion.com/the-future-will-be-a-totalitarian-g...
        
         | rowanajmarshall wrote:
         | > Which individuals own Vanguard and Blackrock?
         | 
         | Dunno about Blackrock but Vanguard is owned by it's own funds,
         | so it's customers own it. It's basically a customer co-op.
        
       | throwaway22032 wrote:
       | What is "normal"?
       | 
       | What if the everyday person, as a result of now having access to
       | far more information than they did before (post Internet boom),
       | acts in a different way?
        
         | francisofascii wrote:
         | Normal was when you could afford to buy a home with a blue
         | collar income, you had time to mull over making an offer, you
         | could visit the house more than once before buying, you could
         | have inspection contingencies, and had plenty of houses to
         | choose from.
        
           | throwaway22032 wrote:
           | Right, so before the information asymmetry was blown apart
           | and the entire world was suddenly able to think about
           | property as an investment. Hell, investment in general and
           | the concept that a pension won't exist or won't be enough.
        
       | agd wrote:
       | At least in London, this has been a problem for 20-30 years. For
       | most young people, buying a house is becoming an impossibility.
       | 
       | Supply is increasing, but slowly, and there's a limit on how
       | dense people want to have the city.
       | 
       | Demand side looks like the better area to focus. Reducing
       | population would help significantly, combined with
       | taxes/disincentives on second home ownership and vacant
       | properties.
       | 
       | Unfortunately these policies are unpopular with governing parties
       | because:
       | 
       | a) the politicians own property (and often more than one) b)
       | older people vote, and they tend to be doing well out of the
       | situation
       | 
       | I see a lot of right wing VC folk on twitter calling for massive
       | derugulation of the housing market to grow supply. However, I
       | think there's a strong case to be made that housing and land are
       | different from other parts of the market. People want green
       | space, they don't want high rise everywhere. You cannot (for the
       | most part) make new land.
       | 
       | So, I agree that this problem won't be solved for 20+ years.
       | Declining population is probably our best bet to improve the
       | situation. And of course, young people will move to cheaper
       | areas, particularly when they start families.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ianai wrote:
         | Declining population is a commonality in the developed world.
         | 
         | Regulation pushing investment out of homeownership absolutely
         | is needed. Granted, the population decreases headed after the
         | baby boomer generation starts declining will be interesting at
         | least in the US.
        
         | Leherenn wrote:
         | I don't think declining population will change much, it's not
         | going to be uniform. The remote villages/cities where all the
         | kids leave as soon as possible will disappear once their ageing
         | population die out. What's left of those villages will keep on
         | migrating to the big cities, potentially even making the
         | problem worse.
        
         | mmarq wrote:
         | > At least in London, this has been a problem for 20-30 years.
         | For most young people, buying a house is becoming an
         | impossibility.
         | 
         | The real problem is that 70% of what we call London is square
         | kilometres of single family homes, with not even a church
         | within a 5km radius. This creates both scarcity of houses and
         | overcrowding of the few areas worth visiting. A more European
         | zoning system, with 4-5 storey buildings with stores on the
         | ground floor, would greatly improve the lives of many. Now you
         | either live in zones 1-2 (plus some exceptions) or you live in
         | a non-place where the only thing that matters is the tube stop,
         | if there is one.
        
         | s5300 wrote:
         | I think we're just going to become mole people tbh. Servants of
         | our above ground geriatric overlords.
        
       | speedcoder wrote:
       | Hmm. How do RVs fit in all this?
        
       | newacc9 wrote:
       | its because theres nothing else to buy... bond yields are too
       | low, no obv tech stocks to buy, etc... the financialization of
       | housing around 30pct of the good suburbs around Minneapolis are
       | not owner occupied and demand is strong from investors, whether
       | blackrock or otherwise, to buy the rest
        
         | [deleted]
        
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