[HN Gopher] Over-reliance on CGI in movies
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Over-reliance on CGI in movies
        
       Author : hmmmmmm_
       Score  : 262 points
       Date   : 2022-02-02 16:20 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (erikhoel.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (erikhoel.substack.com)
        
       | shimfish wrote:
       | I think a large chunk of the problem is that we've been
       | concentrating on improving the rendering, which is clearly now
       | phenomenal, and seemingly totally ignoring the animation, which
       | is still abysmal.
       | 
       | CGI characters still move too smoothly. It's all spline curves
       | and jelly physics. CGI is instantly recognisably unreal due to
       | the overly fluid motions and it seems remarkable to me how little
       | progress has been made on this.
       | 
       | Animated characters still look animated, except they dive
       | straight into the uncanny valley because of the incredible
       | rendering. I guess mo-cap only gets you so far before you have to
       | smooth out the noise of the motion signal.
       | 
       | Anyone with actual knowledge of CGI got anything to say about
       | this? It seems weird that everything else moved on while this got
       | neglected.
        
         | sleepybrett wrote:
         | It's only that when they can't use cgi because it's impossible.
         | But let's be clear wirework has the exact same problems.
        
           | shimfish wrote:
           | That's not it.
           | 
           | We buy puppet Yoda as being real (or at least suspend
           | disbelief) in a way we simply can't do with CGI Yoda.
        
             | conradludgate wrote:
             | Do we? Or is that just nostalgia. I'm in the younger
             | generation but as a kid watching Star Wars, it didn't care.
             | Now watching it I see janky models on sticks and wires and
             | a puppet for yoda barely moving his arms.
             | 
             | I think it's the suspension of disbelief. Star Wars at its
             | time was phenomenal for its VFX and SFX, but CGI in movies
             | nowadays is saturated, so it feels less impactful to us
        
       | mjh2539 wrote:
       | The cost of labor will continue to rise while the cost of CGI
       | will continue to go down. We will see more and more CGI until the
       | cost of labor decreases relative to the cost of making movies.
       | 
       | One thing that isn't accounted for is that as far as digital
       | assets go, they are, for all intents and purposes, immutable,
       | immortal, and more liquid (and counted as CapEx rather than
       | OpEx). A prop from Alien might still be around in basically the
       | same condition as it was made; the little fake CGI gun model and
       | CGI Yoda will always be there; it doesn't matter what the actors
       | or prop-makers want or don't want. It gives the studios more
       | leverage.
        
       | tqi wrote:
       | What weird take. For one thing, maybe an alien world like Arrakis
       | shouldn't look identical to the deserts on this world. For
       | another, lots of movies pre CGI looked terrible, so the idea that
       | the past was some kind of practical utopia is idiotic. People
       | need to stop mistaking personal taste for objective fact.
        
         | hindsightbias wrote:
         | Why go to all the trouble of filming in the UAE and then just
         | wash it out? In LoA, the desert is part of the story. In Dune
         | 2021, it's just background for the action.
        
           | TremendousJudge wrote:
           | >In Dune 2021, it's just background for the action
           | 
           | I wonder if we even watched the same film. The harsh desert
           | environment and its lack of water is the whole point
        
             | SubiculumCode wrote:
             | yeah its the point of the book, but it didn't FEEL like it
             | in this movie, at least not to me. There was little grit
             | and dirt.
        
               | roelschroeven wrote:
               | I have to agree. I don't know what it was, but it all
               | never felt real to me. Actually the Frank's Herbert SciFi
               | miniseries felt more real to me, despite it very
               | obviously being filmed cheaply in a studio. Dune 2021
               | looks too clean, maybe.
               | 
               | One thing that stands out to me is the scene in Dune 2021
               | where Paul is outside on Dune talking with a gardener,
               | who is watering palm trees. The conversation is about how
               | many people could live from the water for the trees, and
               | consequently about how atrociously hot Arrakis is. Paul
               | is standing there, in the full sun, in a uniform
               | obviously meant for colder environments. Yet there's not
               | a single indication he's feeling any inconvenience from
               | the heat and the sun. Not a drop of sweet, nothing. Just
               | standing there like it's nothing.
               | 
               | Paul is used to a moderate climate, not (yet) accustomed
               | at all to this grueling heat. Don't just tell us that
               | Arrakis is hot. Show us that he's suffering! Show us how
               | unbearably hot his new environment is!
        
               | nicce wrote:
               | Using CGI leads for so many "unrealistic" mistakes as
               | your example. The devil is in the details, and soon makes
               | something otherwise good quite soon unejoyable.
        
           | tqi wrote:
           | "Washed out" is an aesthetic choice that is equally possible
           | with practical effects.
        
             | SubiculumCode wrote:
             | washed out is probably a choice made to make adding in cgi
             | easier.
        
           | roelschroeven wrote:
           | Jordan, not UAE. Both Lawrence of Arabia and Dune 2021 were
           | (largely) shot in the Wadi Rum in Jordan (and likewise desert
           | scenes in many other movies).
        
       | fitzroy wrote:
       | To paraphrase Tolstoy: Bad CGI is all alike; every bad practical
       | effect is bad in its own way.
        
       | kmeisthax wrote:
       | So, there's a mistake the author is making here: since film
       | budgets have gone up, the increased cost has to be for more VFX,
       | and thus the reason why CGI ruins movies isn't so much that CGI
       | is cheap but that directors are unconstrained by it. There is
       | definitely a kernel of truth in there, but I want to point out
       | that VFX is actually still comparably cheap.
       | 
       | VFX artists are unusual in that they are one of the few parts of
       | Hollywood that isn't unionized in any meaningful way. This is
       | because of outsourcing. On paper, this is all above-board because
       | the artists being hired live in lower-cost-of-living cities.
       | However, in practice, this also means the artists do not have the
       | option of unionizing. So the studios can browbeat their artists
       | into churning out uninspired work quickly[0].
       | 
       | The article brings up a few more technical problems; such as CGI
       | characters not fitting into practical sets all that well, or not
       | having all that much visual weight to them when interacting with
       | practical actors. However, that's something that can be worked
       | around and planned for with creative set or prop design. This
       | doesn't happen because the people involved don't care, or don't
       | have the time to care, if their bad guy looks like a hologram.
       | 
       | That's really the core problem. Bad CGI work in an otherwise good
       | movie can be excused, and it is possible to make good CGI that
       | will hold up over time. But uninspired movies are bad whether or
       | not they use special or practical effects. The problem is not so
       | much that CGI is a cheap filler material for movies or that
       | directors don't want to work under constraints; but that studios
       | are running the show and asking for safe, uninspired work.
       | Everything else is just a symptom.
       | 
       | The traditional Hollywood business model was that creatives would
       | option off novel projects to the suits. This has now changed to a
       | model in which the suits ask creatives to create derivatives of
       | works they already own. It's why every studio was jumping over
       | themselves to create a "cinematic universe" about a decade ago.
       | Why go picking through a bunch of projects that might succeed or
       | fail on their own merits when you can bring out a franchise with
       | a built-in audience[1][2]?
       | 
       | [0] This is also a problem in 2d animation, specifically Japanese
       | animation studios that churn out lots of light novel adaptations.
       | 
       | [1] Yes, your minds turned to Marvel at this point; but I don't
       | think we should blame the MCU for this. The trend towards
       | franchise film started long before we started making true-to-the-
       | comics superhero movies.
       | 
       | [2] China is also a big factor here. If you can please the PRC
       | censors, big-budget Hollywood blockbusters do very well there
       | even if they get panned for being too derivative in the states.
        
       | unfocussed_mike wrote:
       | Lately when this discussion comes up I recommend _Dave Made A
       | Maze_.
       | 
       | https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4457344/
        
       | __s wrote:
       | > As you listen to that gentle creaking, or that low-tone
       | burbling, what you feel at that moment is the deep satisfaction
       | that comes from witnessing Being, in all its irreducible and
       | incomputable eddies and swirls. Your eyes are satiated. There's
       | probably a German word for it, and if not, there should be.
       | 
       | Waldeinsamkeit
        
       | monocasa wrote:
       | I don't think people generally recognize the absolute ubiquity of
       | CGI these days. You only notice when it doesn't land, but there's
       | an order of magnitude more you don't notice. Judging CGI on what
       | doesn't land is as much of a fallacy as judging practical solely
       | on what doesn't land.
        
       | Andrew_nenakhov wrote:
       | By far the best action movie of the last decade "Mad Max: Fury
       | Road" looks so great because most of special effects are
       | practical, and only enhanced with CGI.
        
         | greedo wrote:
         | I think that while FR had a lot of practical effects, to call
         | the CGI only enhancements does it a disservice. CGI was used in
         | almost every single scene and shot.
        
           | Andrew_nenakhov wrote:
           | Of course it was. But it was to enhance visuals that were
           | previously filmed with real actors, cars and stuntmen -
           | that's why it looks so real.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Nitramp wrote:
       | > There's probably a German word for it, and if not, there should
       | be.
       | 
       | Weltlichkeit (says Heidegger).
        
       | Gravityloss wrote:
       | Some movies still have quite a lot of physical effects, like
       | Interstellar did.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | blendergeek wrote:
         | Christopher Nolan (the director of Interstellar) has notably
         | not jumped on the modern film making bandwagon. Nolan still
         | shoots on film and eschews CGI whenever possible. The authors
         | of this article might see Nolan as a lone wolf standing against
         | the forces of CGI that have ruined film over the last few
         | decades.
        
           | greedo wrote:
           | Uh no. Nolan used a ton of CGI in all the Batman movies he
           | made, in Interstellar, in Dunkirk, Tenet and especially in
           | Inception. Yes he likes to use practical when possible, but
           | the idea that he doesn't use CGI is ridiculous. Everyone uses
           | CGI. Even when it's simple compositing stuff. Everyone
           | conflates CGI with doing a shot/scene entirely digital. Some
           | films do that, but most don't.
        
       | dv_dt wrote:
       | The Mandalorian filming approach is an interesting new hybrid of
       | the CGI use & shooting with them live in a 360 screens. This
       | gives interesting lighting also allowing more use of practical
       | fx.
       | 
       | https://techcrunch.com/2020/02/20/how-the-mandalorian-and-il...
        
         | chrisan wrote:
         | This season of Mando (or Boba Fett) I think will further their
         | approach with some tech advances after today's episode gets
         | watched
        
           | AlexAndScripts wrote:
           | Why?
        
             | nicce wrote:
             | There is some character making appearance on the show.
             | Let's say, deepfakes are getting real.
        
         | taftster wrote:
         | This is the way.
        
         | giaour wrote:
         | Notably, The Mandalorian used puppetry for all the aliens.
         | Using CGI for backgrounds but practical effects for stuff the
         | cast actually interacts with seemed to work really well.
        
           | I_am_tiberius wrote:
           | Indeed - I love the Mandalorian but costumes/puppetry aren't
           | on the highest level in my opinion.
        
             | nicce wrote:
             | The Grogu costed 5 millions[1]. I think it really is good
             | one.
             | 
             | [1]: https://nerdist.com/article/mandalorian-baby-yoda-
             | puppet-cos...
        
           | sleepybrett wrote:
           | Not all, but a lot of them, but they also couch this
           | specifically as a reference to... mostly Return of the Jedi,
           | many shots contain puppets or stop motion animation that is
           | actually shot at a lower framerate to play up the unreality.
        
         | itisit wrote:
         | The Volume is an impressive feat of cinema technology, but once
         | you notice how the camera never goes long, everything is
         | clearly shot within a small soundstage area. The new Star Wars
         | series _The Book of Boba Fett_ suffers from this limitation
         | more than its predecessor.
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | yes, I was going to say the same thing as a general response
           | to the article in the OP. Even apart from the suspension of
           | disbelief thing, CGI is very constraining in terms of the
           | shots you can make, it all has to fit on a soundstage. It's
           | paradoxical but while you can make a fantastic setting, it is
           | also very constraining on the cinematography itself.
           | 
           | Sadly, I think most people don't really care about any of
           | this, they just want to switch off for an hour and a half. I
           | always feel isolated about this among my friends and family,
           | I already get lots of time mindlessly staring at a screen
           | reading some HN article or Reddit or clicking aimlessly
           | through wikipedia, if I'm gonna watch TV or a movie then I
           | want it to be something highbrow, not the latest MCU trash or
           | whatever. If I'm gonna sit on the couch and scroll through my
           | phone, I'd rather be scrolling on my PC instead, thanks.
        
           | Melatonic wrote:
           | I dont think that is necessarily a limitation of this at all
           | - more of an aesthetic choice. They could have easily
           | composited long shots.
           | 
           | The bigger thing I notice today with these products is that
           | everything is just too damn CLEAN. When you have a bunch of
           | real people shooting on what is supposed to be "tatooine"
           | there is real dust flying everywhere and sand getting on
           | their shoes and whatnot. On a light stage unless you have
           | people specifically making the outfits and whatnot dirty and
           | ragged it is going to start and stay perfectly shiny and new.
           | It seems ridiculously honestly.
           | 
           | I have not actually looked up if that new Sci Fi "Foundation"
           | was shot mostly on light stages but I suspect it was as the
           | supposedly uber rugged colony that was supposed to be so
           | limited in supplies with extremely harsh weather ends up just
           | having a bunch of colonists with perfectly done hair and
           | perfectly clean sci fi getups and a total lack of weather or
           | clouds. It really took me out of it.
        
       | JaceLightning wrote:
       | As someone who grew up with movies with CGI, older movies look
       | fake to me.
       | 
       | Puppet Yoda from the 1980s looks extremely cheesy and fake and
       | really takes me out of the movie. You can tell he's a puppet so
       | he doesn't look like he fits in the real world.
       | 
       | Similar with other practical effects. At the beginning of Star
       | wars episode 1, the ship was blown up and it looks like it's made
       | out of cardboard. To me that looks very fake. Metal doesn't
       | explode like cardboard does.
        
         | JaceLightning wrote:
         | Here is the video I'm talking about
         | https://youtu.be/3RCYs0N5Wsc
         | 
         | If a spacecraft is made out of metal with multiple decks, you'd
         | expect it to bend and warp. Not explode like cardboard, ripping
         | apart.
        
       | michaelbuckbee wrote:
       | So much of this is just how _much_ work had to be done to get
       | practical effects to work, and how practical and CGI are often
       | good for different things. For an insane example of this checkout
       | this video of how they did the ship landing in the original Dune
       | movie (of which step 1 was "rent a stadium").
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/OHPkdMGI6D4?t=568
       | 
       | Also, I think there's a very selective bias against CGI where
       | when it looks _real_ we just assume it's real and don't notice so
       | we're only criticizing the portion where it failed to live up to
       | reality.
        
       | hindsightbias wrote:
       | My conspiracy theory is that bad CGI is intended to acclimate the
       | population to bad AR.
        
       | agumonkey wrote:
       | There's a global theme, just like availability of everything for
       | cheap or free, lack of limits allows bad incentives and distorts
       | things.
        
         | unfocussed_mike wrote:
         | Absolutely. Creativity requires constraints even if they are
         | self-chosen constraints, and necessity is the mother of
         | invention.
         | 
         | Perhaps the most interesting thing to come from the most recent
         | Star Wars trilogy is that fans and an entire industry can get
         | behind the idea of choosing retro creative constraints.
        
           | agumonkey wrote:
           | And I often think that good old centralized nations were a
           | mostly agreed upon set of constraints, and whoever managed to
           | get access to its top and produce things (books, movies,
           | else) would be granted a fair amount of value, naturally
           | because it required stamina and grit to keep churning across
           | layers and be recognized as worthy. The problem with that
           | system is that you can get gatekeeped at the bottom by lack
           | of luck or perverse agents but it granted some kind of
           | filter.
        
             | unfocussed_mike wrote:
             | Yes -- and you can definitely see evidence of greater
             | upward mobility in the current cinema system; more
             | directors who move quickly from indie films to major movies
             | etc.
        
       | scardycat wrote:
       | CGI should be a tool to tell a well crafted and well narrated
       | story. Unfortunately, CGI has become the driver for how a movie
       | should be made. Once it becomes the only tool for telling the
       | story, everything else falters. CGI should absolutely be used to
       | support making a good movie but a movie should not be defining
       | the scenes and the movie.
        
       | dmitriid wrote:
       | The problem isn't CGI per se (hell, even David Lynch uses digital
       | blood), but the pervasive "we'll fix it in post production". This
       | makes directors and cinematographers extremely lazy
        
         | suzzer99 wrote:
         | Agreed. This is the movie equivalent of fixing bad UI/UX with
         | "we'll figure out the messaging later".
        
       | pushcx wrote:
       | I think this criticism undoes itself. The thesis is that CGI
       | visual effects are not convincing, not "weighty", implausible,
       | unconvincing. But there's no mention of CGI being pervasively
       | used outside of blockbusters! I'm not enough of a film buff to
       | say for certain, but I'd guess it's a majority of non-indie
       | releases. It goes unnoticed because it's seamless and convincing.
       | It's enormously helpful to avoid an expensive location shoot or
       | reshoot, fix an error, add setting, integrate actors and stunt
       | doubles, all kinds of things. This article doesn't even know to
       | complain about it because it's so dang good.
       | 
       | For an example off the top of my head, I know Wolf of Wall Street
       | had a lot: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bP2sJqoZD7g You can
       | search youtube for the title of any movie and "cgi" or "visual
       | effects" to turn up tons of examples. David Fincher's movies have
       | some great examples.
       | 
       | And to hop on my bar stool and opine, I think CGI is going to
       | lead to a revolution in filmmaking over the next decade or two as
       | it continues to get better and cheaper. There's ubiquitous
       | criticisms that movies the last couple decades have been so
       | expensive that studios only put money into blockbusters, or
       | meddle in the creators' vision, or only fund simple action movies
       | that are easily translated, etc. When low-budget indie films get
       | access to this stuff they're going to to have the ability to make
       | all kinds of movies rather than just contemporary character
       | studies with limited sets and props. (Digital distribution will
       | help, too.) CGI will be a landmark revitalizing force for movies,
       | much bigger and stranger and better than the New Hollywood
       | movement in the 70s.
        
         | munificent wrote:
         | The article _does_ complain about it. The author says today 's
         | films have an _overall_ level of unreality. Even when the CGI
         | is good enough that you don 't _actively_ notice it, every
         | scene emits a subconscious level of fakeness that pervades the
         | whole film.
        
           | handoflixue wrote:
           | If you asked me to name a movie that had a clear pervasive
           | fakeness, I would never have thought "The Wolf of Wall
           | Street". Conversely, I routinely feel like MCU movies are
           | guilty of this. So it seems to be less "CGI always reads out
           | as fake" and more how you're using it.
        
         | yourabstraction wrote:
         | Wow, I had no idea a movie like Wolf of Wall Street had so much
         | CGI. This makes your point perfectly, that it truly is not
         | noticeable and seamless in a lot of movies. CGI is just a tool,
         | and it's not to blame for so many mediocre movies being made.
         | This reminds me so much of the constant "JavaScript ruined the
         | web" arguments I see on HN.
        
         | SubiculumCode wrote:
         | And a lot of those shots (wolf of wall street) look fake-ish.
        
           | pushcx wrote:
           | Can you find any contemporary reviews or commentary
           | mentioning it?
        
         | the_af wrote:
         | You have a point.
         | 
         | I think in this kind of discussions when we say "CGI visual
         | effects" we mostly implicitly also mean "...as used in
         | fantasy/scifi movies". You know, the high profile, in-your-face
         | effects. We don't mind the subtler effects and enhancements
         | done to non fantastical movies, which go unnoticed and are
         | therefore by definition suitably done :)
        
         | sleepybrett wrote:
         | Pretty much every shot that looks out a window in pretty much
         | every movie since the just about forever has been an effect of
         | one kind or another just because if the problems with lighting
         | the scene and the time of day being 'shot for' and what time it
         | actually is.
         | 
         | Most modern prime time television uses compositing for pretty
         | much any shot on a street, they aren't standing on the street
         | they are standing on a green stage.
         | 
         | This article is just so much 'the good ol' days bullshit...'
        
         | lelandbatey wrote:
         | I agree that the criticism undoes itself. The negative CGI we
         | talk about is the negative CGI we notice; we don't talk about
         | all the CGI that we never notice, of which there is a huge
         | amount. Take for example the movie 1917[0], a WWII film that's
         | extremely practical. They actually dug trenches for the actors
         | to run/walk through, they actually built a bombed out town for
         | a central set-piece, and they actually had huge numbers of men
         | running across a battlefield.
         | 
         | Yet it's also the case that the movie seamlessly transitions
         | from filmed shots of actors to complete CGI replacements for
         | multiple seconds before transitioning back to filmed shots of
         | actors, without a single cut or transition, and no one would
         | know that unless you watch the effects breakdown.[0]
         | 
         | I agree that CGI is almost certainly a massive vitalizing
         | force. CGI is making it possible for creators, hollywood or no,
         | to build far beyond what was ever possible to those creators in
         | decades past. Take this tiny short film, "Royal Dumplings"[1],
         | a student made short film for no budget[2] . Made with a
         | camera, green cloth backdrop, and hardware store lights. What
         | we get to see on screen, even if "un-real", is so vastly more
         | interesting than what we'd have gotten 30 years ago at this
         | price that I don't care.
         | 
         | [0] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B_llajTMEXI
         | 
         | [1] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IRt39HkI-e8
         | 
         | [2] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JbBbq9M-NzA
        
       | highwind wrote:
       | Different perspective:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bL6hp8BKB24
        
         | Szel wrote:
         | It's great video essay from Rocket Jump. Best quote - "You
         | think CGI is bad because you only see bad CGI"
        
       | paxys wrote:
       | While I agree with his premise, the author's entire argument is:
       | <amazing old film> is better than <terrible new film>, so CGI is
       | bad.
       | 
       | - Is there any reason to believe that the Lord of the Rings
       | trilogy used less CGI than the Hobbit trilogy?
       | 
       | - Same for the Matrix trilogy vs Matrix Revolutions?
       | 
       | - The CGI in the newer Star Wars films is actually fantastic. It
       | was _everything else_ that was a letdown and caused it to be an
       | inferior product over the originals.
       | 
       | What we really should be blaming is the paint-by-numbers formula
       | for film production used by all big studios nowadays. There are
       | no original properties, no risks taken. Using practical effects
       | vs CGI isn't going to change this fact or dramatically make a bad
       | movie good.
        
         | the_af wrote:
         | > _the author 's entire argument is: <amazing old film> is
         | better than <terrible new film>_
         | 
         | I think that's unfair. Villeneuve's Dune is not a terrible
         | film, and in fact its visuals are pretty nice -- though I agree
         | they suffer in the comparison shot with Lawrence of Arabia.
         | 
         | The original Lord of the Rings trilogy by Peter Jackson, also
         | mentioned in the article (as a "good movie"), is a special
         | case: its visuals are both terrible and good. They are good
         | when they are practical effects, e.g. the makeup of the Orcs
         | looks terrific, and they are terrible when they are CGI, e.g.
         | the mines of Moria have some of the worst CGI ever, and so is
         | the embarrassingly bad troll.
        
           | Apocryphon wrote:
           | YMMV. The LoTR troll was fine for its time and holds up okay
           | imo, though maybe that's also because it was released the
           | year as the horrid-looking troll from _Harry Potter_.
        
             | the_af wrote:
             | > _The LoTR troll was fine_
             | 
             | Obviously this is subjective, but to me it was pretty bad
             | at the time.
             | 
             | But disregard the troll: take a look at the scenes with the
             | Fellowship running through Moria. They are horrid,
             | laughably bad. They are a painful to watch, and were bad
             | back then as well. They were worse than videogames at the
             | time!
        
       | cheeseomlit wrote:
       | One of the most damning comparisons to me are the orcs in the
       | LOTR movies vs. the ones in the Hobbit movies, the former being
       | practical make-up and the latter being almost entirely CGI. It's
       | night and day, the LOTR orcs are a million times more believable
       | and look like real organic living things, whereas the Hobbit
       | movies end up looking like sterile video game cutscenes at times
        
         | jerf wrote:
         | I think some of these problems are solvable, if someone worked
         | at it. The lack of gravitas of these creatures isn't in the
         | pixels themselves, so to speak. They're in the fact that large
         | creatures fundamentally move differently than small ones. For a
         | sample version of this, compare the "walk cycle" of a small dog
         | to a large one. They aren't just scaled up.
         | 
         | The problem is, you motion capture a normal sized person then
         | try to linearly project their motion up to a 10 foot tall
         | behemoth, and we can't help but see the normal-sized person
         | underneath. The motion needs to change.
         | 
         | Possibly something as simple as putting some weights of the
         | right size in the right place on the motion captured actor
         | would do the job.
        
           | zerocrates wrote:
           | Well and bring up Lord of the Rings and you have to reckon
           | with the beloved and acclaimed motion capture performance of
           | Gollum by Andy Serkis.
           | 
           | Obviously the earlier Lord of the Rings movies did have lots
           | of practical effects and models, but also major use of CGI.
           | It's not exactly a slam dunk for anti-CGI, as an example.
           | 
           | The main problem with bad CGI is that it's bad, not that it's
           | CGI.
        
         | aceazzameen wrote:
         | Agreed. But The Hobbit was a very rushed film. Rushed CGI can
         | be worse than other crafts when rushed. More time + more money
         | could have achieved better results. That being said, practical
         | FX will always be superior because you don't have to spend
         | extra effort making lights and materials look real.
        
           | ryantgtg wrote:
           | Midway through Battle of the Five Armies, when CGI dwarf Dain
           | emerges, it's difficult to not think "wow, they really wanted
           | to get this movie done with - couldn't even bother to cast a
           | human for this character."
        
           | scott_s wrote:
           | Agreed agreed. The problem with The Hobbit was not the visual
           | effects. The problem was that it was made without a plan,
           | under duress. Lindsay Ellis has a three-part video essay
           | series (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uTRUQ-RKfUs; yes, I
           | know it says 1/2, I promise there is a 2/3) exploring this.
        
         | tomjakubowski wrote:
         | LOTR had the occasional bad VFX. One that stood out to me, in
         | the theaters, was when Treebeard carries Merry and Pippin
         | through Fangorn Forest: the compositing on the background is
         | sloppy and the lighting on the hobbits doesn't go with it.
        
         | nicce wrote:
         | The Gollum (CGI) on LOTR was really a peace of art. It can be
         | done well if someone really wants.
        
       | RandallBrown wrote:
       | The examples in this article are surprising because I don't think
       | they look very good.
       | 
       | While the CGI in the Star Wars example isn't amazing, it's no
       | worse than the Ewok that has fabric folds showing on its costume.
       | 
       | In the second example, the devil is too human looking so all I
       | see is a person in makeup (good makeup) where Steppenwolf looks
       | completely alien.
       | 
       | Finally, the dune example gives a feeling of being truly out in
       | the desert, where the Lawrence of Arabia looks like they're
       | filming in a yard and the colors look oversaturated compared to
       | what I've seen in real life deserts.
        
         | bocytron wrote:
         | Also, the deserts of Dune are no CGI, people really were
         | running around in the desert...
        
           | sleepybrett wrote:
           | My understanding there are some 'matte paintings' (cgi or
           | paints) in the distance (to get that awesome horizon), there
           | is some crazy color grading happening, (flattening the
           | colorspace considerably i'm sure), and there are some cgi
           | overlays happening (whenever you see spice in the air or any
           | kind of duststorm). So yes those shots, even though they were
           | shot in actual desert are doctored heavily and perhaps can be
           | considered cgi on the whole.
           | 
           | That said the whole article reads as 'old art better than new
           | art' 'old man yells at cloud'.
        
       | andrewclunn wrote:
       | CGI is to movies as autotune is to music or makeup is to beauty.
       | When you have a solid base, and merely use these things to clean
       | up a few rough edges, it works wonderfully. When you destroy any
       | sense of realism or humanity under an entirely synthetic
       | facade... yeah, nobody's buying it, it destroys the emersion, and
       | it all looks / sounds the same after awhile.
        
         | TremendousJudge wrote:
         | >nobody's buying it
         | 
         | The top grossing films of the last decade disagree with this
         | take. Many people are, in fact, buying it. We might not like it
         | for aesthetic reasons, but you can't argue that it doesn't
         | sell.
        
           | andrewclunn wrote:
           | I meant that colloquially, as in nobody buys that it's real
           | (even when the attempt is to pass it off as being so).
        
             | sleepybrett wrote:
             | Sure, when I sit my ass down at the latest marvel movie I'm
             | not there for 'reality'. Reality is, generally speaking,
             | the domain of documentaries.
        
             | greedo wrote:
             | When I first watched Star Wars in 1977, I knew that the
             | spaceships weren't real, that Luke didn't live on Tatooine
             | with a landspeeder, or that lightsabers worked. I didn't
             | care because of the "willing suspension of disbelief." We
             | all know that the movies we watch are fake, Potemkin
             | villages. We don't care if they use the film-making arts to
             | help us suspend our disbelief. Doesn't matter if they use
             | CGI, stop-motion animation, matte paintings, shoot on
             | soundstage or in real locations.
        
         | kleer001 wrote:
         | Bad CGI.Bad animation.
         | 
         | Good CGI is invisible.
        
       | suzzer99 wrote:
       | CGI worked pretty well in the original Matrix and Terminator 2.
       | When CGI is innovative and fits the plot it's fine. When it's
       | used in the same formulaic superhero movie 30-minute final battle
       | scene we've seen a dozen times--with the same big boss and
       | hundreds of disposable minions--it gets old.
        
       | w0mbat wrote:
       | Without even mentioning CGI, just modern digital color grading is
       | wide open to abuse.
       | 
       | "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire" was absolutely mangled by
       | the director. The colors are really distorted and awful. It looks
       | nothing like the other movies in the series. Worse, it is
       | otherwise a good movie.
        
       | irrational wrote:
       | I had a few people text me about the Amazon LOTR intro not being
       | made with CGI.
       | 
       | https://gamerant.com/lotr-practical-effects-good-sign-amazon...
       | 
       | These are people that aren't the kind of people that I would
       | normally think would care about things like CGI being used in
       | movies. Apparently this is hitting a nerve.
        
       | dekhn wrote:
       | The problem I have now is that after reading about how
       | Mandalorian is filmed, I simply cannot unsee the set. Every time
       | somebody walks around you can tell by subtle signs that they are
       | on a small set surrounded by CGI. These days I yearn for a true
       | exterior shot.
        
       | pedalpete wrote:
       | I'm surprised there was no mention of Spielberg's challenges in
       | making Jaws (longer story here -
       | https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/31105/how-steven-spielbe...).
       | For those not familiar with the story, in the 70s, they couldn't
       | make a "realistic" mechanical shark for the film which Spielberg
       | had been relying on. The shark didn't work most of the time, it
       | looked weird, so he couldn't show it. Which meant he used the
       | lack of being able to see the shark as a tool which improved the
       | movie.
       | 
       | There is currently an over-reliance of CGI, it's a cheap trick
       | that the industry is getting used to. They'll eventually learn to
       | use it properly AND the quality of the CGI will improve. These
       | two factors together give me hope that movies will become good
       | again.
       | 
       | Of course, getting excellent writers creating new unique content
       | and getting that content produced instead of more
       | Marvel/DC/rehashes is a bigger issue I think.
        
       | lancesells wrote:
       | I also think a lot of CGI has hurt the directing side of things.
       | Once you virutalize the camera the same sort of things happens
       | where there's no gravity to a situation. I first started noticing
       | it in Fellowship of the Ring where there were many establishing
       | shots with a roller-coaster of a camera floating through the air.
       | Those weren't egregious but now it's everywhere and poorly done.
       | Give the camera some weight, let things be still.
        
         | rightbyte wrote:
         | Do you mean The Hobbit? Or what shots are you refering to?
         | Moria?
        
       | tr3ntg wrote:
       | I'm glad the author included examples. In each, I preferred the
       | CG version.
        
       | vl wrote:
       | >Even accounting for inflation, Jurassic World in 2018 cost about
       | 25% more to produce than Jurassic Park in 1993, and all the
       | dinosaurs in the original feel ten times as tactile and
       | threatening.
       | 
       | But, but, dinosaurs in the original were famously CGI!
        
         | csours wrote:
         | There were a few shots with CGI, and a lot of shots with
         | practical effects.
        
       | tshaddox wrote:
       | I didn't see this article make any mention of the most common
       | criticism of this notion, which is that you're comparing _the
       | films of the past which have stood the test of time and are
       | widely considered among the greatest films ever made_ with just
       | any old blockbuster film released today. The same thing comes up
       | all the time with pop music. If you really want to do this
       | analysis you should have some mechanism of selecting historical
       | films randomly instead of just considering the masterpieces that
       | you remember off the top of your head.
        
         | tannhauser23 wrote:
         | The author is not saying that modern movies are artistically
         | worse than old movies. He's saying that CGI, despite decades of
         | progress, seem _fake_ in a way that subtly destroys our sense
         | of immersion:
         | 
         | "Consider Ridley Scott's 1985 Legend, wherein Tim Curry's
         | onscreen presence as a horned devil is heavy, weighty--despite
         | playing a fantastical devil, his clopping around in hooves
         | comes across as ontologically solid. Your eyes are not
         | deceived. And moreover, under the slathered makeup and
         | prothestics, he is still acting--when his lip curls, that's a
         | real lip. Compare that to Steppenwolf, from the 2017 Justice
         | League. After almost a quarter-century of "progress" in cinema
         | he comes across as digital dust, a void where physicality
         | should be. His superstrength is unthreatening, because deep in
         | our occipital lobes we know Steppenwolf weighs nothing, impacts
         | nothing. Therefore the entire movie has no stakes. Of course
         | the bad guy will be defeated, he's a hologram."
         | 
         | Yes, of course the article ignores the hundreds of old movies
         | with terrible prosthetics and costumes. I think the author
         | tries his best to compare similar things. For example, when he
         | discusses the latest Dune with Lawrence of Arabia - both
         | acclaimed movies. Specifically, he discusses how the desert
         | scenes _look_ to our eyes:
         | 
         | "Lawrence of Arabia from 1962 looks so much more real than
         | Dune, even when just comparing the shots of people in Bedouin
         | costumes hanging out in a desert ... For instance, the shadows
         | both characters cast to their right. In the 2021 Dune, it is a
         | monochrome chunk, despite the billowing fabric around the
         | character. In the 1962 Lawrence of Arabia, the shadow of the
         | fabric is actually see-through. It has dimensionality, thinness
         | and thickness. Because it's a real shadow. So despite both
         | being filmed in similar locations, one scene unconsciously
         | triggers more belief in the ontology of the fictional world--
         | the directionality of the light, the blue above the dune--while
         | the other comes across as an ersatz reality."
         | 
         | I felt this coming out of the latest Star Wars movies: the
         | space battle scenes felt so... flat, despite being technically
         | amazing. There's something to be said for actually shooting on
         | location and using physical props.
        
           | NikolaNovak wrote:
           | My favourite point of comparison is car chase scenes.
           | 
           | To this day, it's just so blatantly obvious when they're CGI
           | cars that don't actually exist. Though action is pumped up to
           | 11 (not to mention occasional Michael Bay syndrome of fast
           | zooms,a whole separate gripe), it's not as believable and
           | impactful than physical cars at their actual limit.
           | 
           | That being said, that's me, and a few fellow car chase geeks
           | and possibly film nerds.
        
             | Joeboy wrote:
             | I know that at least one vehicle in this[1] car chase scene
             | does not exist, but only because I've heard a director's
             | commentary. I'm guessing most people wouldn't spot it
             | either. And it wouldn't surprise me at all if there were
             | others. I don't think it's a problem.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ARFyrM6gVs
        
               | NikolaNovak wrote:
               | I mean, it's a 6 min clip; and the red subaru definitely
               | _exists_ (they went on sale after production ended if I
               | recall, a bit out of my price range:)... although why
               | they took a canonical AWD rally car and made it RWD is
               | _beyond_ my understanding.
               | 
               | There are what - hundred or more individual shots linked
               | in there? So we'd have to narrow on which one is CGI
               | augmented and how much. But it's a lot more "Weighty" of
               | a setup either way than most car chase scenes these days,
               | and received praise at the time accordingly :). I just
               | watched Red Notice last night, and beyond all the _other_
               | horribleness, the car chase scenes had the classic shiny,
               | unbelievable Star Trek Warp Space feel to them that 's
               | common in so many movies today - and with 5-6 times the
               | budget of Baby Driver, it's not that it's a "cheap movie
               | with cheap effects".
               | 
               | edit after a brief Google: Indeed Edgar Wright takes
               | tremendous pride on the car stunts and practical effects
               | in the movie:
               | 
               | https://www.inverse.com/article/33512-how-baby-driver-
               | did-ca...
               | 
               | https://www.motorbiscuit.com/the-baby-driver-subaru-awd-
               | rwd/
               | 
               | In fact, the Baby Driver stunt drivers are complaining
               | wildly about CGI in other movies:
               | 
               | https://carbuzz.com/news/baby-driver-s-stunt-driver-
               | condemns...
               | 
               | So I feel if anything, that movie proves my point :-)
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | deanCommie wrote:
           | These are still not fair comparisons.
           | 
           | Legend and Justice League are both mediocre movies, but
           | Legend won a ton of technical awards, including being
           | nominated for Oscars for Makeup, BAFTAs for visual effects,
           | and won an award for cinematography [0]. Justice League's
           | list of awards is much more meager, and nothing for technical
           | achievements. [1]
           | 
           | The Dune and Lawrence of Arabia comparison is also flawed.
           | Sure they're both "acclaimed", But Dune is acclaimed as "One
           | of the best films of the year", and Lawrence of Arabia is
           | acclaimed as "One of the best films OF ALL TIME."
           | 
           | Also, Lawrence of Arabia is a real story of a real person set
           | in the real world. So realism is bound to be important. Dune
           | is a fictional story set thousands of years in the future in
           | a different part of the universe. And specifically deals with
           | a bit of mysticism and fantastical elements closer to fantasy
           | than science fiction. Comparing the "reality" of their
           | effects is apples and oranges.
           | 
           | I'll give you Star Wars for sure. Star Wars most assuredly
           | did NOT benefit from "improved" technology.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0089469/awards/?ref_=tt_awd
           | [1] https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0974015/awards/
        
           | jodrellblank wrote:
           | I haven't seen 2017 justice league, but I have seen enough
           | modern day superhero films to be sceptical that's why his
           | strength is unthreatening.
           | 
           | Of course he's going to be defeated, he's the villain. Heroes
           | don't get injured. Every strength based character is infinite
           | strong.
           | 
           | Superman could leap tall buildings in a single bound, then
           | fly, then fly in space, then lift a continent made of
           | kryptonite which is "Superman's Kryptonite", if you will.
           | 
           | Tobey MacGuire Spider-Man hurt his knee trying to slow down a
           | train, Tom Holland held a flying aircraft carrier together
           | with his hands. Yesterday's Doctor Octopus would be no match
           | for today's Spider-Man and his small scale plots no interest.
           | Even so, Alfred Molina's Doc Oc was a good and threatening
           | character despite having CGI assisted arms.
           | 
           | Hulk used to throw tanks about, now he punches alien
           | spaceships into the ground.
           | 
           | Iron man was a guy in a cyborg suite, with hulk buster he's
           | hulk strong.
           | 
           | Magneto was a strategist who could push away wolverine, now
           | he can lift sunken battleships and stadiums.
           | 
           | Wolverine was an eternal soldier now he can survive a hit
           | from a nuclear bomb(!)
           | 
           | Batman was a strategist who worked out, now he's strong
           | enough to fight superman hand to hand.
           | 
           | Nobody gets injured unless they can walk it off, nobody dies
           | unless they're about to come back to life[mostly]. Nothing is
           | damaged unless it's background scenery buildings and cars.
           | 
           | Of course people aren't thinking it's hush stakes, it isn't.
           | That's not CGI fault, it's poor story telling papered over
           | with CGI, bad character writing with CGI energy beam weapons
           | instead of personality.
        
             | mejutoco wrote:
             | I never noticed this, and now it seems obvioous: superpower
             | inflation. Thanks!
        
               | kobalsky wrote:
               | I think the term for this is power creep and it also
               | applies to games
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | The last of these recent years' superhero movies I saw
               | had the protagonist fly from the ground on earth into
               | space and fly through a fleet of supposedly extremely
               | advanced and capable and enormous spaceships in order to
               | win the fight. Literally, simply flying through as if
               | playing a connect the dots game.
               | 
               | One was left wondering how there could be any further
               | movies with this person available to fly through
               | anything.
        
               | tarmon wrote:
               | They are typically just written out of the conflict. In
               | this case I assume that you are talking about Captain
               | Marvel whom I believe is always needed on other planets
               | in other galaxies except for the rare occassion when the
               | writers needs a deus ex machina.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | Same for the Green Lantern Corps. They are always needed
               | but there's far too few of them so 99.999% of the time
               | the heroes in these stories kind of hold the front until
               | a GL shows up and beats the threat relatively easily.
               | 
               | I quite enjoyed that universe for a bit of time but the
               | ever-inflating (and absurd) power levels and lack of
               | actual stakes eventually ruined it for me. As it did with
               | most mainstream superhero movies.
        
             | kcartlidge wrote:
             | It reminds me of the old EE 'Doc' Smith (Science Fiction)
             | set of seven Lensman books. The last is an outlier, but for
             | the first six books each feels like it is a similar tale as
             | the previous ones but with the scales, powers, and threat
             | levels turned up a notch.
             | 
             | Almost like having used up the ideas available, the only
             | place to go now is incrementally growing the constituent
             | parts. And that's how I feel about most modern
             | action/adventure/fantasy/scifi stuff - to quote another
             | genre: _" this one goes up to 11"_.
             | 
             | But I don't want it going to 11. Even for my SF/Fantasy I
             | want it to _feel_ real. For me (and I know it is
             | subjective) the author makes a good point.
        
             | SAI_Peregrinus wrote:
             | I think the really interesting counterpart to this is the
             | anime One Punch Man. The main character, Saitama, can
             | defeat any opponent, typically with one punch. It's the
             | title for a reason; you know he'll always win, and it'll be
             | disappointingly easy pretty much all of the time.
             | 
             | The point of the series is that you can take such an
             | uninteresting overpowered character, in a superheroes vs
             | supervillains setting, and still end up with an interesting
             | plot. Of course none of the plot hinges on the question of
             | whether Saitama will be powerful enough to win, that'd be
             | stupidly bad writing.
             | 
             | Mainstream US superhero movies are mostly plots about
             | whether their equivalent of Saitama will win. The action &
             | graphics are the point, the plot is an afterthought.
        
               | spywaregorilla wrote:
               | One Punch Man includes tons of close fights, however.
               | It's just none of them involve Saitama.
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | I haven't seen any One Punch Man, but I don't doubt good
               | writers can make any character interesting. Doctor
               | Manhatten in Watchmen was basically a deity and didn't
               | ruin the film with the snap of his fingers. Dr Who never
               | loses and can still have good stories.
               | 
               | I was more going for: with Tobey Macguire's Spiderman,
               | Doctor Octopus was holding Aunt May from a building and
               | taunting Spiderman with dropping her; the world was not
               | at stake, the city was not at stake, almost nobody else
               | in the city knows or cares who she is. I didn't think
               | Spiderman would _lose_ , but I felt like it _mattered_
               | and that it was in some way _difficult_ for Peter Parker
               | to deal with, he had to take a chance, risk something,
               | "only just" caught her. CGI tentacles didn't look
               | realistic because they aren't a real thing, and that
               | wasn't a dealbreaker. Nowadays a cloud opens up into an
               | interdimensional portal and a flood of metal-living-
               | skeleton-alien invasion spaceships fly through and it
               | couldn't matter less if it tried; they are a swarm of
               | whocares for the Avengers to punch through, which they do
               | easily and uninterestingly and they didn't miss out on
               | anything happening really. CGI isn't ruining it, bad plot
               | is ruining it. Building turns to dust as thing crashes
               | and explodes, is so overdone that's not even interesting
               | by itself.
               | 
               | Compare to early Hulk who was on his knees in a field
               | against two(!) sonic beam tanks owned by the US Army,
               | with only Banner's love of Liv Tyler to make him stand up
               | and fight. Small scale and he was never going to lose,
               | but this was the US Army against the unknown, Banner and
               | the General's daughter, and it _mattered_. When Hulk
               | threw the tanks, they were CGI and a bit unrealistic, but
               | so what, that isn 't immersion breaking. Watching Hulk
               | fight now is like seeing Star Trek's Lt Worf punch a
               | Romulan spaceship while it explodes over The Fonz jumping
               | a shark on a surfboard. It's not the CGI which makes it
               | bad.
               | 
               | On the YouTube Pitch Meetings channel, one of the
               | recurring jokes critiquing films is the 'writer'
               | describing the plot of a film and getting to a point
               | where a character dies, and the 'executive' does a "who
               | was that? Should I care, because I don't feel anything
               | right now" reply. I don't need the hero to lose, or the
               | CGI to be unnoticable. I want to feel like something is
               | at stake which matters. CGI punchups may as well be
               | watching a 2 hr demo of Street Fighter II.
        
             | Ntrails wrote:
             | I will grant some of what you've said, and so I will take a
             | different tack.
             | 
             | I have not seen a Daniel Craig Bond film that didn't have
             | noticably CGI elements bringing me out of the moment. Some
             | of the old (especially Roger Moore) bond films had pretty
             | dire effects where it is obviously a man in front of a
             | video screen, but I don't remember finding them as
             | immersion breaking at the time.
             | 
             | But, hard to say what is recency bias. I will say that
             | Bourne stands out as having no such issues where CGI was
             | obviously used... but maybe it was done better
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | This is cherry-picking. There are countless characters from
             | comic books who are so powerful that they would be
             | considered laughable in modern superhero movies the same
             | way you seem to think a few cherry-picked modern superhero
             | movie characters are laughably overpowered compared to a
             | few cherry-picked characters from older superhero movies.
        
             | spywaregorilla wrote:
             | > Nobody gets injured unless they can walk it off, nobody
             | dies unless they're about to come back to life[mostly].
             | Nothing is damaged unless it's background scenery buildings
             | and cars.
             | 
             | This is probably the biggest thing. The biggest mistake of
             | hero films is that characters who are strong are not very
             | strong. They do big hits but its all clearly irrelevant. It
             | doesn't really matter how strong they are absolutely.
             | Getting thrown into walls is my particular pet peeve of
             | damaging moves that never matter. There's an over reliance
             | on suspense where its not really deserved. I feel Captain
             | Marvel and Thor Ragnarok did this decently. They just
             | shrugged and made it explicitly clear that the heroes were
             | 100x stronger than the trash mobs and released any tension
             | in the fights to just have a good time with them.
        
           | aprdm wrote:
           | There's so much CGI nowadays that even things you don't think
           | are CGI, are actually CGI. Like buildings, glasses, doors,
           | the most mundane things are done with CGI in many TV shows
           | and movies.
           | 
           | Jon Favreau was a person who was very much against CGI, until
           | he was reviewing some of the first iron man work and couldn't
           | actually differentiate CGI from non CGI shots, he gave up on
           | that.
           | 
           | There's bad cgi and good cgi, but 99% of the movies nowadays
           | have a lot of cgi that you don't even notice, because it's
           | good cgi :)
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | Yep. Basically any time you think "it must have been
             | difficult or expensive to shoot in that location," you're
             | probably right, and it's probably CG. And I'm not just
             | talking about obvious examples like "abandoned Times
             | Square." I mean pretty much any public area (especially a
             | popular recognizable public area) where it would be
             | logistically tricky to shoot.
        
           | ST2084 wrote:
           | Viewers never even notice good CGI, only bad.
        
           | Melatonic wrote:
           | Lawrence of Arabia is also one of the most expensive and most
           | insanely massively epic films ever shot - I am not sure it is
           | a fair comparison. Dune is a massive massive movie today but
           | I am not sure I agree the comparison.
           | 
           | Realistically yes we should just be doing more practical SFX
           | but you have to realize it is not just some big hollywood
           | exec deciding they want to ONLY do VFX - the available skill
           | market for these things has drastically changed. In the 1980s
           | there were lots of very skilled SFX people and studios that
           | could do some incredible things. The amount of people with
           | those skills has dwindled.
           | 
           | I think the best example of this sort of thing is the OG
           | Jurassic Park. Everyone has an armchair evaluation of why it
           | holds up so well and many are correct but there is a subtle
           | difference most people never bring up. Years ago I worked
           | with a guy much more experienced than me who had originally
           | been a talented stop motion artist and then as the industry
           | progressed moved on to doing animation for VFX. He did a lot
           | of animation for the CGI dinosaurs - imagine the scene where
           | the T-Rex is chasing the jeep for example. The big difference
           | is that because his back story was in stop motion he had a
           | much more direct and real world experience of how things and
           | people move and how their weight is thrown around. One of the
           | underappreciated things in Jurassic Park and why it seems to
           | hold up so well today is simply that the dinosaurs move like
           | they should as huge, lumbering creatures - it ends up a
           | subtle difference that ends up making a huge impact on what
           | we unconsciously accept as "real".
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | nfw2 wrote:
             | Also, Dune is a science fiction movie. Looking as real as
             | possible was not necessarily the goal, but rather to
             | maintain a stylized glean appropriate for a movie with
             | hunter-seekers, force-fields, and sand worms.
             | 
             | I think the VFX approach worked well for the movie, and
             | movie critics seem to universally agree that the
             | cinematography and effects were magnificent.
             | 
             | A better comparison would be a modern period epic like
             | Dunkirk.
        
               | ChrisLTD wrote:
               | There is a great YouTube video breaking down how Dune's
               | special effects were created to look as real as possible,
               | as opposed to what you get in the average Marvel movie:
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIKupTibxKQ
        
               | nfw2 wrote:
               | Thanks for the link! I didn't mean Dune looked
               | intentionally fake, but I think there was some
               | cohesiveness in the creative decisions behind the VFX,
               | the cinematography, the set and costumes designs, the
               | editing, etc. that intentionally creates an enhanced
               | dramatic aesthetic, along the lines of what you might see
               | in a Baz Luhrmann movie.
               | 
               | As per the original author's point, the shot included
               | from Dune looks like something out of a fantasy world,
               | whereas the shot from Lawrence of Arabia just looks like
               | a dude walking around in the desert. But I think this
               | difference was intentional and goes deeper than just CGI
        
               | shagie wrote:
               | Another series that I've enjoyed watching is the Corridor
               | Crew. Their take on Dune (both versions) is
               | https://youtu.be/OHPkdMGI6D4
        
               | Zanni wrote:
               | Anyone who's interested in this topic should be watching
               | Corridor Crew. They spend a lot of time analyzing _why_
               | good CGI is good and bad CGI is bad, how great CGI can be
               | invisible, and how, yes, practical effects are grounded
               | in a way that can be difficult (but not impossible) to
               | replicate with computer imaging.
        
             | WillPostForFood wrote:
             | _Lawrence of Arabia is also one of the most expensive and
             | most insanely massively epic films ever shot_
             | 
             | Yes, Lawrence of Arabia was one of the most expensive at
             | the time. The budget was $15 million, which adjusted for
             | inflation would be $138 million today. The most expensive
             | movie was released the same year, Mutiny on the Bounty,
             | which had a budget of $17 million.
             | 
             | Cleopatra blew that away the following year, with an
             | estimated cost of $35-44 million. Which goes to show you
             | money doesn't buy you a great looking movie.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | I don't necessarily disagree with any of the few specific
           | comparisons the author makes. Maybe Tim Curry's Steppenwolf
           | does look better. But this small set of specific comparisons,
           | even if they're uncontroversial, don't provide evidence that
           | a CGI effect on average will look worse than a practical
           | effect. I can think of plenty of examples of practical
           | effects that looks terrible and CGI effects that look great
           | (and, crucially, aren't even noticeably CGI to most viewers).
        
           | irrational wrote:
           | > He's saying that CGI, despite decades of progress, seem
           | _fake_ in a way that subtly destroys our sense of immersion
           | 
           | Other than Black Panther, I can't think of any Marvel movie
           | that destroyed my sense of immersion. Maybe I have become
           | used to it so I don't even see it anymore unless it's really
           | really bad (like Blank Panther)?
        
           | cmckn wrote:
           | I think another great example is Jackson's LotR vs. The
           | Hobbit films. The first trilogy was way more immersive,
           | primarily because of the different balance of practical and
           | special effects.
        
             | threatofrain wrote:
             | Also the latter films used abnormally high fps.
        
             | aprdm wrote:
             | What?! You should check your facts. It was way more
             | immersive because they had way more time to do it and
             | didn't had turmoil in the direction of the movie. LOTR is
             | an example of great CGI done in almost every shot of the
             | movie
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | mikepurvis wrote:
             | To be fair, though, the Hobbit had a lot more issues than
             | just that, chief among them being a ridiculously large and
             | undifferentiated ensemble cast + the fact that there was
             | nowhere near enough main story material to fill a 10 hour
             | runtime.
             | 
             | The Critical Drinker has a good take on the failures of the
             | Hobbit: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Il-0pW6BNSs
        
               | spc476 wrote:
               | It would have been better to make one film, and treat it
               | like the fantasy it was (more geared towards children).
               | Have a framing sequence where Bilbo is telling a very
               | young Frodo about his adventure "there and back again."
               | But alas, that's not the world we live in.
        
               | mikepurvis wrote:
               | I assume you're aware, but just in case:
               | https://tolkieneditor.wordpress.com/
               | 
               | Obviously doesn't fix tone issues, but does chop the
               | runtime in half by eliminating much of the most-
               | obviously-superfluous content.
        
               | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
               | Also, I think a lot of it was having to make Orlando
               | Bloom (Legolas) look younger instead of 10 years older
               | (like in real life).
               | 
               | It seemed to give a certain fakeness to all the faces.
        
             | Freak_NL wrote:
             | That is really one of the best examples there is for this
             | particular topic.
             | 
             | Same director, same setting and lore, presumably a lot of
             | the same people worked on both sets of films. And yet for
             | many people the Hobbit trilogy falls flat. The CGI often
             | seems at fault here; for me the immersion was lost in the
             | larger battle scenes, where the LOTR trilogy rarely
             | interrupted the suspension of disbelieve.
        
               | gfxgirl wrote:
               | For me, the writing sucked. That's it. Nothing to do with
               | effects.
        
           | xg15 wrote:
           | > _For example, when he discusses the latest Dune with
           | Lawrence of Arabia - both acclaimed movies._
           | 
           | But Dune is barely out for a few months - it's a blockbuster,
           | for sure, with enormous production budget, lots of public
           | interest, etc. But so was Jurassic World, the Star Wars
           | sequels or the Hobbit trilogy. Whether Dune will become an
           | all-time classic like Laurence of Arabia remains to be seen.
           | 
           | Maybe a fairer comparison would be something like Lord of the
           | Rings vs Dragonheart or Conan the Barbarian or whatever else
           | iconic fantasy movie there was before the CGI era?
           | 
           | Or for Scifi, maybe the old Star Trek movies vs Avatar? (Blue
           | cat people, not the other Avatar)
           | 
           | Or Star Trek TOS vs Deep Space Nine vs Discovery.
        
             | CollinEMac wrote:
             | > But Dune is barely out for a few months - it's a
             | blockbuster, for sure, with enormous production budget,
             | lots of public interest, etc. But so was Jurassic World,
             | the Star Wars sequels or the Hobbit trilogy. Whether Dune
             | will become an all-time classic like Laurence of Arabia
             | remains to be seen.
             | 
             | Those movies have worse visuals than Dune imo.
        
           | sangnoir wrote:
           | > Lawrence of Arabia from 1962 looks so much more real than
           | Dune, even when just comparing the shots of people in Bedouin
           | costumes hanging out in a desert
           | 
           | I don't quite feel that's a like-for-like comparison. All of
           | the Denis Villeneuve's films I have watched have a
           | surreal/unreal quality to them: from the top of my head
           | Sicario, Arrival, and _especially_ the one with the weird
           | deer, whose name escapes me. That 's just his "style" - I
           | suppose it's how scenes are framed, color grading, and how
           | his shots tend to linger; there's a dream-like quality to it,
           | even for the "grittier" scenes - Sicario has a lot of those.
        
           | ericmcer wrote:
           | The weight of special effects is also lowered by just the
           | sheer quantity of them. I would like to see a comparison of
           | how much time is spent on battle scenes in star wars 4-6 vs
           | 7-9. I turned 9 off because it felt like a 10 minute cgi
           | fighting scene was needed between each sparse bit of plot
           | forwarding dialogue. It may be a bit overdone when people
           | fast forward through the action to try and find some kind of
           | meaningful character interaction.
        
           | mikepurvis wrote:
           | Interesting-- I actually found Dune 2021 extremely immersive
           | and weighty. Though that was without any knowledge of which
           | parts were practical vs CGI. Hopefully it holds up to
           | multiple viewings.
        
             | mordymoop wrote:
             | Yeah, I don't think anybody except thr OP has ever
             | complained about Dune not feeling visually weighty and
             | powerful, so it almost comes off as a disingenuous
             | criticism of the film. OP is comparing stills from two
             | movies and essentially pointing out that one is obviously
             | digitally color-graded and the other is obviously filmed on
             | celluloid and not color-graded. The difference is obvious
             | in a side-by-side comparison. However, if you actually
             | watch Dune beginning to end, your brain accepts the color
             | palette as part of the visual language, you don't even
             | notice it.
        
             | SubiculumCode wrote:
             | I had another experience. I had the experience that
             | everything was there (checkbox style), but seemed to miss
             | the gravitas. Or maybe I was just mad that they didn't
             | include the dinner party scene...which was pivotal to the
             | story because it gave the reader the sense that there WAS
             | hope, that the game was just starting...and only THEN
             | betrayal. but that's what you get for being a fan.
        
           | thereddaikon wrote:
           | A common and worthwhile counterpoint to that is that people
           | only notice bad or rushed CGI. Properly good CGI is never
           | criticized because nobody can tell its CGI. The digital
           | artists have the same problem as IT staff. People only notice
           | you when something goes wrong. When everything is going
           | right, you might as well not exist.
           | 
           | A timely example is Disney's Book of Boba Fett. The show is
           | almost entirely CGI except for the actors. There have been
           | some criticisms about particular assets like the biker gang's
           | speeder bikes. But I've yet to hear anyone complain about the
           | environments looking fake. Mos Espa is almost 100% CGI and it
           | looks like a real set.
           | 
           | When it works your brain just accepts it. CGI is incredibly
           | good at environments. I'd go as far to say that it has been
           | indistinguishable from reality for the better part of a
           | decade now. Where its gets noticed is in places where it
           | doesn't do so well or when there were time or budget
           | limitations. Fully CGI humans are still not believable and
           | will probably be the last thing to get right. CGI non-human
           | creatures have varying success. Compositing can still be
           | difficult. Often its better to replace an actors entire body,
           | save for the face, and create a CGI version in a fully CGI
           | environment. Compositing a real person in a CGI scene is
           | prone to floating body syndrome and lighting issues.
           | 
           | The real answer isn't necessarily that one is better than the
           | other. But these are tools which should be used together to
           | make a better product. And I think you'll find that modern
           | films with the best overall effects do blend the two. Mad Max
           | Fury Road is a good example, the vehicles are real with real
           | stuntmen climbing on them but the environment is artificial.
           | Shooting a film in the middle of a desert with nothing in
           | sight is not practical. But shooting the scene on a sandy
           | path and compositing in the CGI desert is.
        
             | fvdessen wrote:
             | You don't have to not notice it for the cgi to make the
             | film worse.
             | 
             | You could certainly for example, film 'once upon a time in
             | the west' in a green room and overlay the actors upon a
             | western themed cgi environment, and have it look believably
             | realistic.
             | 
             | But are the actors going to act as if they were under the
             | burning sun as believably ? Will they avoid looking at the
             | sun ? Will they tend to seek the shadows ? Will they sweat
             | ? Probably not, and the feeling you'll get from the film
             | will be different, without you being able to know why
        
               | babyshake wrote:
               | I do think the Dune film suffered from this problem. I
               | didn't really believe the actors were actually in an
               | environment like Arrakis.
        
               | 2III7 wrote:
               | Arrakis was mostly filmed in a desert, how did it not
               | feel real? The CGI in Dune was pretty decent IMO and the
               | highlight for me was the ornithopters wing flapping. The
               | motion blur of the wings was simply amazing.
        
               | fvdessen wrote:
               | From the making of I can see online it seems most of it
               | is actually filmed in studio, especially when actors are
               | involved up close.
               | 
               | It is noticable that it's not filmed in a hot place
               | because the actors are never sweating, they move too
               | fast, their skin doesn't have the color and texture of a
               | strong tan, they don't seem affected by transitioning
               | from hot to cold, they touch sand with naked hands, etc.
               | Compare with western movies that are actually filmed on
               | location, they somehow feel like they're filmed on a
               | hotter planet than arakis
        
               | JeremyNT wrote:
               | Not to defend the practice of "CGI everything," but
               | there's a new-ish technique which I first became aware of
               | from the Mandalorian, where the actors actually see the
               | rendered CGI on massive screens around them - think the
               | holodeck from Star Trek TNG. The physical props exist
               | between the characters and the huge display, and the
               | projection is even bright enough to (partially) light the
               | scene. You can see this technique in the "Making of the
               | Mandalorian" documentary series.
               | 
               | I do think CGI is often overutilized, much to the
               | detriment of many shows and films, especially in genres
               | where practical effects get the job done (i.e. - not sci-
               | fi). However, these techniques are evolving, and the
               | actors can at least start to see visual cues and interact
               | with the same digital elements that the viewer will
               | ultimately be shown.
        
               | theshrike79 wrote:
               | It's called "The Volume" and it's a true game-changer.
               | 
               | Because the environment projects its own lights,
               | reflections are automatically correct and don't need to
               | be added in post. It also gives huge freedom to the DP
               | for shots because they don't really have to light
               | anything specifically.
               | 
               | And the best thing is that it's comparatively cheap so
               | they can punch way over their budget effects-wise.
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | To be fair, the volume looks extremely goofy if you're
               | there. The perspective shifts with the camera, and
               | apparently can be close to nauseating if the camera moves
               | too fast, and doesn't feel like a holodeck but instead a
               | room covered in screens. It's game changing for being
               | able to integrate vfx, but it's arguably more distracting
               | for actors than a green screen.
        
             | babyshake wrote:
             | There are also far less obvious examples of CGI not being
             | noticeable. These days a filmmaker, especially a highly
             | opinionated one like David Fincher with the necessary
             | resources, can decide that they want something like an
             | extra car parked on a street and add it in post with CGI.
             | The audience never even considers the car wasn't there the
             | day of filming.
        
             | karaterobot wrote:
             | That's not necessarily a counterpoint: it doesn't matter
             | how much great CGI doesn't destroy the reality of a film,
             | so long as there is any bad CGI which does. It's like how
             | nobody talks about all the oysters that _didn 't_ make them
             | sick.
             | 
             | I don't really think that bad CGI ruins films in most
             | cases, but I think the author of this article does.
        
             | gfxgirl wrote:
             | Most non-fantasy, non-sci-fi is CGI and has been for over a
             | decade
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=clnozSXyF4k
        
               | CollinEMac wrote:
               | There is a difference between CGI and using a green
               | screen. I didn't watch the whole video but I didn't see
               | any Computer Generated Imagery.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | > A common and worthwhile counterpoint to that is that
             | people only notice bad or rushed CGI.
             | 
             | And similarly, people don't bring up the vast amounts of
             | bad or rushed practical effects being produced at the same
             | time films like Star Wars and Lawrence of Arabia were
             | produced.
        
             | chx wrote:
             | Yes! I remember a Game Of Thrones CGI breakdown reel, can't
             | find it now, which showed the Lannister camp and it was
             | very interesting how much of it was actually real but at
             | the same time how much was augmented by CGI. You absolutely
             | couldn't tell.
        
           | Izkata wrote:
           | > I felt this coming out of the latest Star Wars movies: the
           | space battle scenes felt so... flat, despite being
           | technically amazing. There's something to be said for
           | actually shooting on location and using physical props.
           | 
           | Calling Elon Musk, you know what you have to do.
        
             | Joeboy wrote:
             | They are in fact building a film studio in space as we
             | speak[1].
             | 
             | [1] https://nofilmschool.com/space-station-movie-studio
        
           | davesque wrote:
           | I don't know if it was just me or the theater I was in but I
           | felt like some of the effects in Dune were second rate. Was a
           | bit disappointed, especially during desert scenes. I wish I
           | could think of a counterexample of good CGI from modern
           | cinema. Actually, I remember certain parts of Interstellar,
           | for example the black hole and the 5-dimensional book shelf,
           | were really well done. I think I was able to suspend my
           | disbelief and just have my mind blown by them.
        
             | AndrewStephens wrote:
             | It is hard to think of a good example of CGI from modern
             | films because good CGI is invisible. There are an
             | incredible number of effects shots in modern films and TV,
             | everything from removing backgrounds to replacing
             | stuntpeoples faces with the stars. Most of it you will
             | never even notice unless you look.
             | 
             | I don't disagree with the article entirely but I think the
             | landscape of film has changed so much over the years that
             | it is hard to make a comparison. The rise of superhero
             | films has meant that blockbusters these days have to
             | include comic-book style CGI characters, spaceships, and
             | citywide destruction that is always going to look fake
             | because it is literally incredible (as in non-credible) to
             | our eyes.
             | 
             | Dune is an interesting case because we can directly compare
             | Dune 2021 to Dune 1984. Both SFX powerhouses of their
             | times. Dune 1984 does contain some very impressive shots
             | but nobody is going to say that it looks better than 2021.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | > It is hard to think of a good example of CGI from
               | modern films because good CGI is invisible. There are an
               | incredible number of effects shots in modern films and
               | TV, everything from removing backgrounds to replacing
               | stuntpeoples faces with the stars. Most of it you will
               | never even notice unless you look.
               | 
               | But there is a distinction between CGI that is truly
               | invisible to the average viewer, and CGI that is
               | extremely photorealistic but is depicting events that
               | very clearly could not be shot practically. I think
               | there's a lot of scenes set in space, or in extremely
               | bizarre environments, that simply _must_ be CGI but which
               | looks as photorealistic as I can imagine (but of course,
               | there are plenty of funny quotes of people saying that
               | about imagery from the 90s that looks laughable now).
        
             | Daishiman wrote:
             | Having seen that movie and a bunch of similar movies with
             | well-done effects a lot of color work, the quality of the
             | theater is extremely important. It, like Mad Max, shines on
             | high-quality projectors with lots of illumination, and both
             | fall flat if you can't have the contrast levels high
             | enough. In theaters with modern digital projectors, it's a
             | feast.
        
             | Apocryphon wrote:
             | Funnily enough, I felt some of the practical effects in
             | _Dune_ were lackluster relative to its acclaim and high
             | production, as well. The orinthopter in the sandstorm
             | looked too much like a child 's toy. The aerial shots of
             | Arrakeen City looked neat as a display model, but not
             | enough like an actual city.
        
             | belval wrote:
             | I don't want to discount your experience, but this does
             | seem like an unpopular opinion considering Dune won a lot
             | of prizes for the special effects[1]
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dune_(2021_film)
        
               | davesque wrote:
               | I don't want to act all offended and everything, but I
               | honestly don't understand why a list of rewards is a
               | counterpoint to my personal opinion. I'm aware that
               | everyone loved the movie. I don't care and I'm not just
               | trying to be a troll.
               | 
               |  _Update:_ Actually, your response makes sense if you
               | assumed, reasonably, that I actually wasn 't sure how I
               | felt and wanted expert opinions. Left some other similar
               | comments further down in the thread. Sorry to snap back
               | like I did.
        
               | jonny_eh wrote:
               | > but I honestly don't understand why a list of rewards
               | is a counterpoint to my personal opinion
               | 
               | Because it's an opinion from people that supposedly
               | understand the subject matter more than anyone, so caries
               | more weight.
        
               | belval wrote:
               | > I don't know if it was just me or the theater I was in
               | but I felt like some of the effects in Dune were second
               | rate.
               | 
               | Your comment starts with a statement that seem to imply
               | that you doubt your own assessment. The list of awards is
               | a strong signal that the effects were not "second rate".
               | Thus my comment confirming that seems to be an unpopular
               | opinion.
        
               | davesque wrote:
               | [This was a bunch of needless snark so I voluntarily
               | removed it]
               | 
               |  _Update:_ Actually, I think you 're right. I
               | misrepresented my opinion as weakly held as though I was
               | asking for a more authoritative source on the matter. So
               | your response was appropriate and appreciated. I'm
               | realizing now that I feel more strongly about it; like it
               | wasn't just a matter of the theater having a bad
               | projector.
        
             | Tarsul wrote:
             | the strength of the new Dune was in its sound design. At
             | least that was the decisive factor that gave me goosebumps
             | (I think). But the CGI deserves a shoutout wrt the design
             | of the flying vehicles.
             | 
             | On the whole I agree with the article, earlier movies (and
             | Tarantino movies) felt more real due to them being filmed
             | in real life.
        
               | exhilaration wrote:
               | I hope the sound design you're referring to doesn't
               | include the dialogue, because me and the two other folks
               | I watched it with in theaters couldn't understand half
               | the dialogue. It was like the Dark Knight rises all over
               | again.
        
             | jspash wrote:
             | The blue-eye effect looked to me like the first colourised
             | movies where they hand-painted the actual film. It really
             | put it me off. I don't know if they were meant to be
             | "glowing" or if the colour just "bled" outside the contours
             | of the eyes. Either way, I wasn't a fan.
             | 
             | The rest was fine though. I've often thought that it's
             | silly to spend so much time creating a huge digital scene
             | with lots of detail only to pan by it in less than a
             | second. Dune got that part right. Linger!
        
               | Joeboy wrote:
               | > The blue-eye effect looked to me like the first
               | colourised movies where they hand-painted the actual
               | film.
               | 
               | That's how they did the blue-eye effect on David Lynch's
               | 1984 version (with hand-painting, probably not drawing
               | directly on the film). Don't know if that maybe
               | influenced Villeneuve's version.
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | > He's saying that CGI, despite decades of progress, seem
           | _fake_ in a way that subtly destroys our sense of immersion
           | 
           | True, though many older movies without CGI also had terrible
           | special effects the killed "suspension of disbelief".
           | Comparing to just the best isn't really fair, unless the
           | assumption is that all CGI is done poorly.
        
           | dmitriid wrote:
           | > He's saying that CGI, despite decades of progress, seem
           | _fake_ in a way that subtly destroys our sense of immersion
           | 
           | Because he _choses_ to use bad CGI in comparisons and
           | completely ignores all the cases where CGI is invisible.
           | 
           | See _Why CG Sucks (Except It Doesn 't)_
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bL6hp8BKB24
           | 
           | "I think that CG looks bad is because we only see bad CG.
           | Amazing, wonderfully executed CG is everywhere, we just don't
           | know it"
        
           | js2 wrote:
           | Another example.
           | 
           | I recently watched _Knowing_ (2009) based on Ebert 's review.
           | One of the things he wrote in that review was: "The film has
           | sensational special effects, which again I won't describe."
           | 
           | I found myself wondering if we watched the same movie. I
           | thought the special effects were pretty awful. Comparing the
           | scene the subway crash to say, the train crash in _Silver
           | Streak_ (1976)[1] or _Speed_ subway crash (1994)[2], I
           | thought _Knowing_ [3] was inferior and just looks terribly
           | fake to me.
           | 
           | 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qPAOarQxaU
           | 
           | 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=US2bcpW7KFU
           | 
           | 3. https://vimeo.com/117341659
           | 
           | Then there's the insane _French Connection_ (1971) chase
           | scene which they could never film today:
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzEloJ5venk
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_French_Connection_(film)#C.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-
           | culture/entertainment/video...
           | 
           | https://nypost.com/2021/10/04/secrets-of-the-french-
           | connecti...
        
             | gfxgirl wrote:
             | Effects that looked amazing in the past often no longer
             | look amazing. I remember thinking the dinosaurs in Jurassic
             | Park looked real. Now they look like bad CGI with bad
             | compositing. Part of that is the first time I see
             | something, especially in the theater, if the story is good,
             | I get sucked in and am not looking for flaws. Where as,
             | years later when it's no longer exciting, because I already
             | know the story or because someone said "go watch these
             | effects", then those issues stick out. Knowing's effects
             | were good when it came out and good enough if you were into
             | the story and not trying to look for flaws. I agree though
             | that watching them now they look subpar, especially the
             | subway.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | Note that Ebert might be using "sensational" with either
             | the first definition ("causing great surprise or
             | excitement") or second definition ("presenting information
             | with the intent to provoke intense excitement at the
             | expense of other goals") given in most English
             | dictionaries, rather than the third definition ("very
             | good").
        
             | smallerfish wrote:
             | > . Comparing the scene the subway crash to say, the train
             | crash in Silver Streak (1976)[1] or Speed subway crash
             | (1994)[2], I thought Knowing[3] was inferior and just looks
             | terribly fake to me.
             | 
             | Speed probably looks best of the three. Knowing's train
             | doesn't look real - maybe too fast, over blurred, missing
             | reflections, whatever. Silver Streak looks terrible though,
             | and is poorly directed.
        
             | mardifoufs wrote:
             | From the comments:
             | 
             | >Fun fact: this car scene was kinda an actual car chase.
             | The director made the stunt man drive the car in the middle
             | of street of Brooklyn without any acknowledge from the
             | people and drivers there so they can capture real
             | reactions. (It's illegal but apparently nothing happened to
             | them)
             | 
             | (!) If that's true that's definitely why that scene is so
             | good but hard to replicate. Though there are some props
             | getting destroyed so maybe it's only true for part of the
             | scene.
        
               | js2 wrote:
               | It was shot illegally (er, without permits). It really
               | could not be done today:
               | 
               | "The car chase was filmed without obtaining the proper
               | permits from the city. Members of the NYPD's tactical
               | force helped control traffic. But most of the control was
               | achieved by the assistant directors with the help of off-
               | duty NYPD officers, many of whom had been involved in the
               | actual case. The assistant directors, under the
               | supervision of Terence A. Donnelly, cleared traffic for
               | approximately five blocks in each direction. Permission
               | was given to literally control the traffic signals on
               | those streets where they ran the chase car. Even so, in
               | many instances, they illegally continued the chase into
               | sections with no traffic control, where they actually had
               | to evade real traffic and pedestrians. Many of the (near)
               | collisions in the movie were therefore real and not
               | planned (with the exception of the near-miss of the lady
               | with the baby carriage, which was carefully rehearsed). A
               | flashing police light was placed on top of the car to
               | warn bystanders. A camera was mounted on the car's bumper
               | for the shots from the car's point-of-view. Hackman did
               | some of the driving but the extremely dangerous stunts
               | were performed by Bill Hickman, with Friedkin filming
               | from the backseat. Friedkin operated the camera himself
               | because the other camera operators were married with
               | children and he was not."
               | 
               | https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0067116/trivia
               | 
               | The director recently said he regrets the shot:
               | 
               | "As successful as the film was, I wouldn't do that now. I
               | had put people's lives in danger."
               | 
               | https://screenrant.com/french-connection-william-
               | friedkin-ca...
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | I'd argue it's CGI's ambitions. A lot of old practical effect
           | and green screen work doesn't hold up at all, either. CGI
           | just made it easy to completely overdo it.
        
             | nmstoker wrote:
             | This is an excellent point. There are films where the CGI
             | was intentionally kept limited - the film equivalent to
             | someone sticking to a healthy diet and not overeating.
             | 
             | I'm struggling to think of really recent examples but one I
             | recall when CGI was starting to have this problem, that was
             | pretty subtle (to the point that it's easy to watch it and
             | not realise how many small CGI effects are used, along with
             | some physical ones) is What Lies Beneath. It's mainly to
             | cover up the impossible camera angles and you'd hardly
             | know.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | Also, the only reason that we think of recent ambitious CGI
             | attempts as "overdoing it" is because they are by
             | definition at the bleeding edge of our abilities _now_. Old
             | practical effects and green screen work was probably
             | "overdoing it" at the time too, because it was also at the
             | bleeding edge of our abilities _then_.
        
             | mirkules wrote:
             | IMO, CGI is no different than any other effects: the
             | purpose is to enhance "suspension of belief" to advance
             | some plot line.
             | 
             | For example, look at the original Star Trek. The effects
             | were very unrealistic, everyone _knew_ they filmed planet
             | scenes in the desert (not on a different planet), etc. But
             | nobody cared, it's still a cult classic.
             | 
             | Star Trek TNG is pretty much the same. Despite more
             | advanced effects, everyone knows Data is just a guy with
             | makeup, but it was much harder to think the Enterprise was
             | not a real ship.
             | 
             | At the end of the day, suspension of belief depends on
             | delivery of lines, acting, etc, and much less on CGI or
             | "classic" effects. CGI just makes (arguably) easier to
             | achieve the effects.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | > the purpose is to enhance "suspension of belief" to
               | advance some plot line.
               | 
               | I think that's overly restrictive. There's nothing
               | inherently wrong with flashy CG environments, elaborate
               | action sequences, etc. even if they're largely "for their
               | own sake." When conceived and executed masterfully, I
               | want to see the flashy stuff too! Of course, it's also
               | true that sometimes very rudimentary effects can work
               | great to advance themes or plots (like in the Star Trek
               | series)!
        
             | mikepurvis wrote:
             | Agree very much, and that's really the triumph of a movie
             | like Jurassic Park-- judicious, minimal use of CGI
             | supplemented by lots of practical puppet work, miniatures,
             | etc.
        
               | aprdm wrote:
               | minimal use of CGI? Have you looked into the netflix
               | series "behind the scenes"?
        
               | Melatonic wrote:
               | It also holds up so well because it had some damn good
               | compositors working it. An underappreciated realm in the
               | VFX world.
        
               | mikepurvis wrote:
               | Hmm, I will check it out, but I don't think my take is an
               | uncommon one, for example:
               | 
               | "Spielberg and his effects teams succeeded in creating
               | convincing visual effects because they didn't rely on CGI
               | as their go-to tool. In fact, only four to five minutes
               | of the 14-15 total minutes of dinosaur scenes were
               | entirely computer generated. All the other visual effects
               | were created using Stan Wintson's various physical
               | dinosaur models. The legendary technician, responsible
               | for creating practical models for Predator and
               | Terminator, built everything from animatronic puppets, to
               | to a full-size animatronic T-Rex, and even Velociraptor
               | suits that could be worn by stuntmen. CGI was then used
               | to build on top of what the production team had already
               | created on-set. In other words, Jurassic Park's CGI still
               | looks so good today because there isn't much of it in the
               | film, which makes sense considering the limitations of
               | the technology at the time.
               | 
               | ...
               | 
               | But perhaps even more important than the breakthrough
               | graphics was Spielberg's decision to still keep the CGI
               | to a minimum. According to Dennis Murren, visual effects
               | supervisor at ILM, once the director saw how convincing
               | the digital dinosaurs looked, he actually rewrote the
               | ending of the film to include the now-famous full-body
               | shot of the T-Rex letting out a final roar in the
               | Jurassic Park visitor center rotunda. But despite clearly
               | being impressed by the capabilities of ILM, Spielberg
               | still limited the CGI elements and retained the use of
               | Stan Winston's puppets for much of the memorable dinosaur
               | scenes viewers still love today. In fact, there's said to
               | be a total of just 63 visual effects shots in the whole
               | film, a tiny number compared to Jurassic World's more
               | than 2,000 VFX shots."
               | 
               | https://screenrant.com/jurassic-park-cgi-still-good-how-
               | expl...
        
               | aprdm wrote:
               | You should check it out and watch the netflix series
               | about it. Of course today movies have way more VFX shots
               | than before. The technology isn't as expensive and is
               | much more available to be used. They were just inventing
               | it back then.
        
               | Apocryphon wrote:
               | And the point is that perhaps CGI being a rarity back
               | then, and in the hands of the best production studios,
               | meant that it was used more judiciously and to higher
               | quality.
        
         | duped wrote:
         | I watched _Voyage of the Rock Aliens_ the other day which didn
         | 't stand the test of 1984, let alone the test of time. It's a
         | great example of practical effects that can stand up to modern
         | scrutiny... and those that can't. The flying V spaceship looks
         | better than CGI in B-movies today, and the talking fire-hydrant
         | robot had more character than BB-8 in the most recent Star Wars
         | films.
         | 
         | But the sheet of plexiglass used as a "force field" was
         | comically terrible, even for 1984
        
         | munificent wrote:
         | I think that's a fair criticism for music where there is so
         | much of it that the filtering of time makes a real difference
         | to our perception of past music.
         | 
         | But cinema is a smaller world. Yes, there are plenty of
         | independent films, but most audience attention has always been
         | focused on the small number of tentpole films. And if you look
         | at just those over time, everything the author says here still
         | holds up.
         | 
         | Watch some of the top ten box office grossing films from 30,
         | 20, 10 years ago, and today. The change in style, tone, and
         | quality is enormous.
         | 
         | Pick any random comedy or drama from the 80s or 90s and it will
         | have more _realness_ , more sense of _being there_ than movies
         | made today for 10x the budget. This being despite the fact that
         | the older films were shot literally on film and the grain is
         | visible.
         | 
         | Digital color, an obsession with CGI, and a fixation on
         | storytelling that plays well across an internation audience
         | (which means violence, action, physical comedy, and simplistic
         | morality tales) has made today's movies a shadow of what they
         | used to be.
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | I think that's missing the point. Most movies are mostly
         | forgotten, and the merits of the story and storytelling carry
         | the movie as a thing.
         | 
         | If you pick a mediocre movie in 2019 and compare to a mediocre
         | movie in 1959, the garbage storyline will be the thing you will
         | turn the movie off for.
         | 
         | In my mind, the weakness with CGI overuse is it enables
         | lazy/sloppy practices that don't scale. Similar to in graphics
         | work where Photoshop is abused to create impossible edits for
         | expediency.
         | 
         | My family has a tradition of watching Bing Crosby's "White
         | Christmas" every holiday season. It's quaint how you can see
         | the painted backgrounds and stages... the opening scenes
         | feature cardboard bricks and cheesy props. The point of the
         | article is that this era of filming is bland and will look
         | cheesy in the future because of the reliance on tools. You can
         | already see it today - compare the Sony Spider-Man movies to
         | the last iteration - the age is apparent.
        
         | iratewizard wrote:
         | An easy litmus test to show its not the test of time is to plot
         | the number of exceptional quality films made per year.
         | 
         | In any form of art, there have always been pieces motivated by
         | artistic drive (i.e. a work of art like seven samurai or loan's
         | run) and pieces motivated by profit (i.e. a product like all of
         | the capeshit movies or the transformer movies). What we're
         | seeing in film and other similar industries is a cabal of
         | gatekeepers who don't fund things unless it fits the mold of
         | proven, profit driven products. Remove the Larry Finks of the
         | world from power, and you remove the powerwhore gatekeepers
         | that have no concept of beauty.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | The problem with that is that you also need to consider how
           | much time has passed since each film was released. In many
           | cases, if it's been 10 years since a film is released it
           | would be difficult to know how people will view that film
           | after another 10 years have passed.
        
         | ballenf wrote:
         | Pick the top sci-fi movie rating-wise from every year, going
         | back 50 years. Then rank them.
         | 
         | Would the past be over-represented? My hunch is yes, but I
         | think it's a fair metric.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | Are you controlling for things like, say, the age you were
           | when you first saw a certain movie? It's kinda unfair to rank
           | a brand new movie against the older movie that you watched a
           | hundred times because it was one of the few VHS tapes at your
           | house when you were growing up. There could be thousands of
           | kids now watching that brand new movie hundreds of times on
           | their iPads who are going to have similar attachments to that
           | movie. Some of those kids will grow up to be filmmakers,
           | movie critics, pop culture writers, etc.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | Sci-fi is a weird genre because there was arguably more
           | interest in it during the space race--Star Trek happened at
           | the same time as early Apollo missions. There was just a lot
           | more content and a lot more imaginative content.
        
           | enkid wrote:
           | I mean, maybe? But I don't really think so. Here's a list
           | from IMDB:
           | 
           | https://www.imdb.com/list/ls009003184/
           | 
           | Let's take a look at a few of the entry's from the 1970's
           | that actually had practical effects:
           | 
           | Logan's Run - Here's Logan fighting a robot:
           | https://youtu.be/USADM5Gk9Gs?t=106 Star Wars - :
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1g3_CFmnU7k Soylent Green -
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Z2txLk0ybo Invasion of the
           | Body Snatchers - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vc_0dlmSq7I
           | Alien - here's the chest buster scene -
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nPQ7om598OM
           | 
           | I don't think these hold up as well as nostalgia would
           | suggest, the exception being the alien chest buster scene,
           | which is amazing. The others are much less ambitious and
           | simply don't look as good as modern movies. Many of the
           | practical effects look small or toy like. Maybe there's a
           | sweet spot in the 90's?
        
             | Joeboy wrote:
             | The chest burster scene holds up, up until the baby alien
             | scurries off at the end. But there's a _hilariously_
             | terrible effect later on where it cuts from a model of John
             | Hurt 's head to the real thing.
             | 
             | Edit: Ian Holm, not John Hurt.
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VA8jv1M6Y2g
        
             | tasha0663 wrote:
             | > Logan's Run
             | 
             | Oh god. I can't imagine anyone ever thought Box (the robot)
             | didn't look completely awful.
             | 
             | It may lack good practical effects, but some of the matte
             | paintings in that movie are gorgeous. I love when they get
             | to the overgrown Washington D.C.
        
             | greedo wrote:
             | Using the low quality trailer for Star Wars is pretty
             | disingenuous since it was intended to be viewed on small TV
             | at 480i compared to 35mm (or 70mm) in the theater.
        
         | patrec wrote:
         | Indeed. An easy fix would be to compare, say, the year's
         | biggest crossing action movies from 1980-1990 and 2010-2020 or
         | similar.
        
         | rbanffy wrote:
         | You make an interesting point - the article is not comparing
         | apples to apples - but I think that the issue is different.
         | It's not that CGI looks fake. The latest Dune is impressive in
         | every sense and I don't think the CGI looks fake.
         | 
         | I think the toughest thing about VFX facing a director is the
         | temptation to abuse it. They have to remember the effects are
         | there to tell the story. They should resist to making
         | everything spectacular/shiny/tridimensional/hectic where not
         | everything needs to be. Compare the dark Los Angeles of Blade
         | Runner with the lower levels of Coruscant.
         | 
         | And yes. Darkseid is a ridiculous villain, with a lazy design
         | and even lazier lines. No amount of CGI could save it. Not even
         | if he were blue and lived in a Roger Dean album cover.
        
         | xiphias2 wrote:
         | Even selecting randomly wouldn't be good enough: there are much
         | more movies made nowdays. But if you look at only movies rated
         | 8+ on IMDB, it's the same amount.
        
           | wvenable wrote:
           | It's also significantly easier (and cheaper) to make films
           | these days.
        
         | enkid wrote:
         | I think the other thing that is missing from this conversation
         | is the bar of entry has lowered so much with modern CGI. Look
         | at a YouTube channel like Dust[0], which has literally hundreds
         | of sci-fi short films using CGI to tell stories. Sure, they
         | aren't 2022 blockbuster level, but they are 2010 TV level.
         | There is simply no way practical effects would be able to scale
         | the way that CGI has.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.youtube.com/c/watchdust
        
         | the_af wrote:
         | Agreed, but to be fair, the comparison is also with high
         | profile "modern" movies.
         | 
         | "The Thing" to most people today is not "one of the greatest
         | movies" but a horror classic and -- visual quality wise -- on
         | par with "Phantom Menace" or "Jurassic Park", if not worse.
         | 
         | I think the criticism is valid: that the physicality of classic
         | SFX is still mostly unmatched by CGI, and the eye and mind
         | notice this.
        
           | zardo wrote:
           | One thing practical effects shots have going for them is that
           | at their worst it still looks like something physically there
           | with the actors.
           | 
           | CGI looks at it's worst like it's painted on top of the
           | scene.
        
           | alisonkisk wrote:
        
           | carlob wrote:
           | > Agreed, but to be fair, the comparison is also with high
           | profile "modern" movies.
           | 
           | Mostly sequels, remakes, reboots or nth installments of a
           | franchise.
        
             | the_af wrote:
             | Carpenter's The Thing is also a remake. So?
             | 
             | I don't think this matters much.
        
               | carlob wrote:
               | You're not under the impression that most big budget
               | movies nowadays are just attempts at milking the same
               | character or universe to the maximum possible extent?
        
               | zardo wrote:
               | 'The Thing' wasn't greenlit because it used existing IP
               | with a guaranteed audience. It's just a short story that
               | recieved two very different adaptations 30 years apart.
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | I am, but at the same time I'm reminded it's always been
               | like this.
               | 
               | But isn't it an entirely separate conversation? Of course
               | CGI hasn't "ruined the movies", that part of the title is
               | hyperbole. But the actual conversation about practical
               | SFX vs CGI doesn't have much to do with originality, I
               | think.
        
         | carlob wrote:
         | Which is also why the point about architecture is so dumb.
         | 
         | Shitty faux-traditional architecture is everywhere in the US,
         | just look at the vernacular architecture of most suburban
         | homes, whereas OP is comparing the buildings that we have
         | collectively decided to preserve for centuries with some random
         | junk that will probably be torn down in a decade or two.
         | 
         | Then again I'm not even sure why I am surprised to disagree
         | with something that comes from Scott Alexander. A crypto-
         | reactionary not liking new stuff, what a coincidence!
        
           | Spivak wrote:
           | As someone really frustrated trying to buy a home that isn't
           | soulless this still begs the question why we seemingly _can
           | 't_ build buildings that are exceptional quality by the
           | standards of 100 years ago -- at any price! For fun I've
           | toured 5+ million dollar mansions for sale and they're just
           | as shitty as any mass-produced suburban neighborhood, they're
           | just bigger. Like what was even the point of technological
           | advancement, better construction equipment, logistics,
           | materials science just to make worse houses?
        
             | wilkommen wrote:
             | That's because all that technological advancement went into
             | making houses _cheaper_ not better. Add to that the
             | financialization of everything but especially housing over
             | the last half a century (things that are the same as each
             | other are easier to price and finance), and you get a
             | country that builds mostly cheap low-quality housing that
             | 's all the same as each other. Add to _that_ the fact that
             | the labor force and the construction industry in general
             | has coalesced around the new normal (which is natural), and
             | you have a knowledge gap too, where most people and
             | companies in the industry only know how to build the fast,
             | cheap, easy-to-finance way. Anything other than the fast,
             | cheap, easy-to-finance way is now niche, and therefore even
             | more expensive than it would otherwise be. I think that
             | this knowledge gap is the biggest reason why even even the
             | richest people live in what is essentially just a bigger
             | breadbox. If those rich people were to get anything other
             | than a big breadbox, they 'd have to really know what they
             | wanted and seek out niche professionals who can build to
             | their exacting tastes. And some do. But most rich people
             | are just like anyone else, and they pick their new house
             | from what essentially amounts to a catalog, and the
             | builders put in the catalog what they already know how to
             | build and like building - which is fast, cheaply built,
             | easy-to-finance, disposable housing.
        
             | wcarron wrote:
             | I have some insight into the high-end architectural world.
             | You (in the general sense) absolutely _can_ get houses of
             | exceptional quality. You (as in Spivak) probably cannot.
             | Because they are insanely expensive today. But these are
             | bespoke,  'if you have to ask you can't afford', old-money
             | type expenses.
             | 
             | When your estate/arch/construction costs start to exceed
             | $20-50 million, you can get basically whatever you can
             | think up. Giant multistory libraries, entirely of solid,
             | old hardwoods with a glass walkwalk suspended from the
             | ceiling? Done. 18-car garage? Done. Pool and minigolf on
             | the roof? Done. Commercial level home gyms? Done. The
             | client wants the absurdly large kitchen's cabinetry done
             | without fasteners, just joinery: Done. When the client says
             | 'I want a much higher PSI concrete for the foundation, even
             | though it literally won't matter: done. $25k for a coffee
             | table? Basically the same as an Ikea table to these
             | clients.
             | 
             | A few examples: A home being built for client of a friend
             | had a 26ft-tall marble fireplace from a castle/villa in
             | Italy (which the client also purchased for this purpose)
             | disassembled, shipped to the US, and reassembled in his CT
             | home. This was 1 of 4 fireplaces in the residence. Hell,
             | I've seen a property in the Hamptons where the _guest_
             | house would have been the envy of Newport, RI; and even the
             | full-time help lived in a beautiful home on the estate that
             | exceeded most normal people 's homes at 3600 sq ft.
             | 
             | Humans can build nice things. It's just a matter of how
             | much money you're willing to spend. To build great things,
             | it's a matter of how much money you're willing to throw
             | away.
        
               | abakker wrote:
               | Indeed. this is completely correct. In my hobby
               | woodworking business in 2019, I made a $45k wall all out
               | of CNC machined mahogany. It was patterned, and 2" thick.
               | The design, Machining, install, and finishing took
               | months. it was >$5k in raw material in wood, not counting
               | the costs of fasteners, sub-wall, finishes, etc. Labor
               | made up the bulk of the costs, though.
               | 
               | Every part of that house in seacliff was following that
               | mantra. Exceptional attention to detail, independent
               | craftsmen contributing special pieces, and carefully
               | selected design language. It was cool to work on it.
               | 
               | Even as the lead person on creating that, I can't afford
               | to replicate it in my own house. And my house isn't
               | cheap. Its just not practical, and short of doing the
               | whole house as an exercise in design and craftsmanship
               | you just can't get the return on those things vs drywall.
        
               | randomsilence wrote:
               | >exceed $20-50 million, you can get basically whatever
               | you can think up.
               | 
               | Does that money give you access to people who can build a
               | home with soul?
               | 
               | An 18-car garage on its own is just a flex.
               | 
               | >had a 26ft-tall marble fireplace from a castle/villa in
               | Italy
               | 
               | To me, this is a hint that the client couldn't find
               | somebody to build something soulful anew. Instead, he had
               | to take something exquisite from somewhere else to fill
               | the void in his new house.
        
               | spc476 wrote:
               | Biltmore House [1], the largest private home in the
               | United States, cost $5,000,000 to build in 1895-1900 (I
               | think it's a beautiful home and I would _love_ to have it
               | 's library). Adjusted for inflation, it would cost around
               | $160,000,000 [2] (maybe more, depending upon how you
               | figure inflation). In fact, I'm not sure you could build
               | that today for _any_ amount of money.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.biltmore.com/
               | 
               | [2] https://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/uscompare/
               | result....
        
               | wilkommen wrote:
               | What do you think it would cost to get a 750 square foot
               | home built super quality in old style? I don't mean
               | fireplaces from italy, I just mean stuff like real brick
               | masonry, super well insulated, slate roof, hardwood
               | floors, a real fireplace. Basically I want to build a
               | house that looks like a brick house from 1875 but is
               | energy efficient and structurally sound, with modern
               | electricity, plumbing and climate control. Is that a
               | thing that any builder would do?
        
               | sumtechguy wrote:
               | You would probably want an architecture firm to put it
               | all together. They have the correct connections to the
               | right people to make it work. You just listed off several
               | different contractors. Roofer to do slate, Mason to do
               | the brickwork, carpenters for the interior/exterior wood
               | work, electrician for the modern electrical runs, plumber
               | for water, architect for a nice plan for everyone to
               | follow, AC/heating specialist for climate control,
               | general contractor for all the general stuff and keeping
               | things going to plan and holding people to task for not
               | doing the job right and many will do things badly and
               | argue they did it right. Had to argue with an AC guy once
               | for an hour because he installed the unit in backwards,
               | until the foreman showed up and made him 'put the unit in
               | correctly'. A friend is currently dealing with a roofing
               | guy whos crew did a seriously bad job (as in scrape it
               | off and do it again bad). Add in something like 'smart
               | home/IoT' and you will need a firm that does that sort of
               | thing.
               | 
               | Doable? Very much so. But it defiantly is a learning
               | experience. Also keep in mind what you put into it may
               | not translate into what it will sell for. That will
               | depend on the area you build in and similar sized homes
               | in the area. No mater how nice it is.
        
             | sillyquiet wrote:
             | I don't think this is correct at all, and this perception
             | is probably largely due to survivorship bias.
             | 
             | I have several relatives who are home builders and have
             | acted as my own general contractor in building a home, so
             | this is an area of interest to me.
             | 
             | Comparing the _average_ home today (yes that shitty
             | McMansion included) to the _average_ home 100 years ago,
             | today 's homes are way more efficient and comfortable in
             | terms of amenities, climate control, being draft- and
             | vermin- free, and safe.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | I'm guessing it's just a race to the bottom? I suspect if
             | you were willing to pay significantly more you could still
             | get a house constructed according to whatever your
             | specifications are.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | You'd also have to build that well made house not in a
               | local trendy development on some private land that is
               | away from everything.
        
               | saltminer wrote:
               | If you have money, you can absolutely get a house that
               | will stand the test of time.
               | 
               | But corporate builders aren't concerned about that. They
               | do shoddy work because they know they can get away with
               | it. It's just good enough that an overworked inspector
               | will pass it, but by the time the buyer moves in and the
               | honeymoon period has ended, the corporation which built
               | it has been dissolved and its profits reabsorbed into the
               | parent company. Good luck going after them at that point.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | Right, that's what I'm saying about the race to the
               | bottom. I'm sure you could find a corporate builder
               | (perhaps even the same corporate builder!) to build
               | whatever project you're talking about for 3 times the
               | price and it will be significantly better quality. It's
               | easy to lament the way the market has trended, but are
               | you willing to pay 3 times more? Probably not.
        
             | CalRobert wrote:
             | That's interesting, where are you looking and what
             | characteristics are you looking for?
             | 
             | One difference is that we used to use old-growth timber a
             | lot more.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | It's exactly the same as movies - what's missing is mass.
               | Old houses made of stone and dense wood have mass and
               | warmth and stability. Modern houses in the US are light
               | and hollow. Even the walls are literally hollow.
        
               | CalRobert wrote:
               | That's... surprising to me.
               | 
               | I own a 200 year old cottage. It has a LOT of mass. The
               | walls are a meter of stone, and the mortar is lime. The
               | thatched roof is about 1.5 meters of straw.
               | 
               | It's REALLY COLD. Keeping it warm takes a huge amount of
               | energy. I've removed some of the modern Portland-cement
               | based render and replaced with lime mortaer and that at
               | least helped with damp (it breathes a bit) but it's still
               | really cold.
               | 
               | Once you _do_ get it warm, though, it does take a while
               | to cool down. Similarly, it can be quite warm outside and
               | still take a couple days for the cottage to properly warm
               | up - there's a lot of thermal inertia.
               | 
               | The extension to it, built last year, uses 70x200mm
               | (about 3"x8" in inches) studs, and has 200mm thick
               | Rockwool insulation throughout the walls and in the roof.
               | The windows are triple glaze. I heat the extension with
               | less energy than the cottage, and it's 3 times as big and
               | 5-6 times as much volume, due to the higher ceilings.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | Yeah it's the thermal inertia that keeps it very steady.
        
             | bbarnett wrote:
             | We completely do, but many choose not to.
             | 
             | One example? In Canada we have a standard for air
             | tightness, and more, called R-2000.
             | 
             | Houses with this standard have to have heat exchangers, for
             | they are so airtight, that they require air be circulated
             | in from outside.
             | 
             | When it is -40C, this change can mean heating costs of
             | 200/month vs 2000!
             | 
             | I assure you, houses from 100 years ago were horrid with
             | air gaps, poor insulation, and so on. All such houses have
             | long since been retrofitted, rebuilt, otherwise the heating
             | and cooling bills would be ludicrous.
             | 
             | Old houses may look nice, but there are many things like
             | this, which have been improved 100fold..
        
               | moonchrome wrote:
               | One thing I really like about staying in old places in my
               | hometown (Europe/not US) is tall ceilings and windows not
               | being airtight means there's always fresh air in the room
               | and the coastal air is wonderful.
               | 
               | Absolutely wasteful but so enjoyable.
        
               | manwe150 wrote:
               | The comment you are responding to discusses air exchange
               | systems to supply more fresh air than simply dealing with
               | a leaky old house. So both absolutely more wasteful and
               | also less enjoyable than a modern and well-designed
               | system.
        
               | samatman wrote:
               | I'm fairly certain you two are speaking completely past
               | each other about radically different climates.
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | We have the option of selling a home we own (but don't
             | currently live in). It was built by my grandfather in law
             | in the 1950 so over 70 years old. We could sell it for
             | market rate (bout $1.5M) or renovate it (making it much
             | larger, better layout, etc) for about $600K.
             | 
             | I kind of rationalized that the house is still solid after
             | 70 years, I know pretty much every inch of the
             | superstructure now, so why not just renovate?
        
           | ahoho wrote:
           | The linked article about architecture was just embarrassing.
           | A classic case of someone desperately trying to universalize
           | their personal taste (to assume survey respondents have a
           | consistent idea of what constitutes "classical" or "modern"
           | is a stretch). It doesn't engage remotely with arguments from
           | modernists who drove this change, or the scholarship on
           | aesthetics,... very little substance for the length.
           | 
           | It sort of read like a sanitized version of Charles Murray's
           | "Human Accomplishment", which is a "quantitative" "argument"
           | for why Western culture is superior that commits severe
           | epistemic mistakes [1]. Scott Alexander has some good takes,
           | but this is not one of them.
           | 
           | And to give a positive example: I challenge anyone to visit
           | The Barbican estates in London on a clear summer day, to take
           | in the hanging gardens and constructed river, and not be
           | awed. Modern and contemporary architecture can absolutely
           | move the spirit.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.currentaffairs.org/2017/07/why-is-charles-
           | murray...
        
             | bendbro wrote:
             | > The Barbican estates in London on a clear summer day, to
             | take in the hanging gardens and constructed river, and not
             | be awed
             | 
             | Looks like a flooded commie block
        
               | pmyteh wrote:
               | Go there on a clear sunny day, it's gorgeous.
               | 
               | And, given the absurd prices that flats there go for,
               | 'flooded capitalist block' would be closer to the mark...
        
             | lamacase wrote:
             | If he's saying "everything is worse now that buildings
             | don't look like the Taj Mahal, and clothes don't look like
             | traditional Chinese ceremonial robes", how does this
             | translate into support for Western exceptionalism?
             | 
             | It seems to me like your postive example is a non-sequiter.
             | I don't think Scott is arguing that it's impossible to make
             | architecture that "moves the spirit" using modern
             | design/construction. He's arguing that, for the vast
             | majority of modern buildings, nobody is even trying to move
             | the spirit. Even in cases where historically we would
             | expect them to (major institutions, public art
             | installations, large companies, rich people with large
             | houses).
             | 
             | The question is, why do people with almost unlimited
             | resources choose to build rectangular prisms of largely
             | unadorned glass or concrete?
             | 
             | And your answer is (please correct me if I'm wrong),
             | because modernists think it's better, and people generally
             | agree even though they can't express this agreement in
             | surveys?
             | 
             | What is your basis for believing this? And even if you
             | engage with the literature on aesthetics in architecture,
             | how do you find yourself siding with the modernists instead
             | of the critics of modernism like Christopher Alexander and
             | Nikos Salingaros? This is a serious question, I've been
             | trying for a while to find a defense of modernist
             | architecture that I can actually understand.
        
       | the_af wrote:
       | I think there's a lost magic to practical SFX, but nostalgia
       | aside, the single most important flaw I see in CGI that still
       | remains unfixed to this day is...
       | 
       | ... bad lights/contrast.
       | 
       | In _almost_ every CGI scene, barring honorable exceptions, you
       | see the CGI portions are fake because the lights are all bad. The
       | comparison shot in the article between Steppenwolf and Tim Curry
       | 's Darkness from "Legend" is telling: while Darkness is shrouded
       | in, well, shadows with sharp contrast, it looks as if Steppenwolf
       | is brightly and uniformly lit.
       | 
       | Things that lack contrast and are uniformly lit are less visually
       | interesting, especially when they don't match the environment. I
       | notice this flaw in everything: Jurassic Park's dinosaurs, Star
       | Wars ships, monsters in Lord of the Rings, mostly every modern
       | creature effect. I _know_ CGI artists must know this, so I
       | wonder... why is it so difficult to fix?
       | 
       | (The honorable exceptions are mostly due to showing the CGI
       | creature more sparingly, or where the light conditions by
       | coincidence really match the creature).
        
         | saltminer wrote:
         | Lighting in general seems to be underappreciated, even without
         | CGI.
         | 
         | I'm reminded of Fifty Shades Freed, which starts with a wedding
         | scene that's lit with green. Green lighting is basically
         | nonexistent in nature, so when you see it, it's not an accident
         | - someone had to mess with it, and it's usually to indicate
         | something is wrong/unnatural. You can really see the care put
         | into films like The Matrix with how they use green lighting,
         | which is in stark contrast with films like Fifty Shades Freed
         | which use it mindlessly.
         | 
         | But when the author says
         | 
         | > Every movie now takes place as if it were in The Matrix,
         | appearing in deep greens or blues or in gray shades, like the
         | complex colors of the world have been bleached out.
         | 
         | I don't think he really gets it. Sure, unnecessary color
         | grading is easier than ever to accomplish, but intentional use
         | of lighting to help tell the story is probably going over his
         | head.
        
       | ravenstine wrote:
       | CGI just adds way too much. Now that it's so (relatively)
       | inexpensive for even modest productions, films can rely on
       | spectacle to cater to the lowest common denominator, which is
       | apparently far more lucrative than making actual art.
       | 
       | As a side note, I'm partly ruined by having a father who has
       | worked in VFX and CGI animation and dabbling in those fields
       | myself. While CGI _has_ improved in my lifetime, I can 't help
       | but see areas where big budget FX are obviously flawed and find
       | it very distracting. As an example for some reason, studios
       | believe that fully CGI animals must be animated with exaggerated
       | motion and gestures that most animals aren't making at any given
       | time; this leads to CGI creatures that, to me, are not
       | believable. Animal animation also tends to be overly smooth and
       | floaty. Of course these are often true for animated humanoids as
       | well, but animals should be easier. I sucked ass at character
       | animation, but my less-bad animations were the ones involving
       | animals. Animals tend to only be doing one thing at a time, so
       | it's really not that hard to work off reference material. This
       | also isn't to say that animals should be portrayed 100%
       | realistically in film; my point is that the physicality of CGI
       | animals has barely improved, and it ruins the experience.
       | 
       | But maybe I'm the only one? Sometimes CGI animals in films are so
       | badly animated that it's hard for me to believe that even the
       | average person doesn't lose some of their immersion when watching
       | a movie.
       | 
       | Now that I think of it, perhaps animals aren't used as
       | extensively with mo-cap because of animal rights issues? I
       | dunno... whatever the cause, there's something that I don't think
       | is being done right most of the time.
        
       | InternetPerson wrote:
       | Hey everybody! Tell us your opinions about movies and CGI! I
       | can't wait to hear what you think about superhero movies.
       | 
       | This is really going to change things!
        
       | marstall wrote:
       | I agree - then I think of quality period pieces that use CGI with
       | great artistry ("Zodiac" and "Hail, Caesar!" come to mind) and I
       | think again.
       | 
       | Check out, for example, this VFX before-and-after clip for the
       | show "Babylon Berlin". In my view the CGI recreation of Weimar
       | Berlin added enormously to the reality and presence of the story
       | and characters.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mI88uUw9Hnc
        
       | bryanrasmussen wrote:
       | >Let me offer a comparable conspiracy theory. If you go back in
       | filmmaking prior to somewhere around 2000, give or take a decade
       | depending on the title and genre, almost all films look so much
       | realer.
       | 
       | Shall we call the idea that the films that look realer are better
       | realism? At any rate there was no argument as to why looking
       | realer makes a film better, it seems to just be assumed.
        
       | sleepybrett wrote:
       | "Sound did, in fact, ruin movies" "Color did, in fact, ruin
       | movies"
       | 
       | blah blah blah
        
       | tomjen3 wrote:
       | Not even closely. You couldn't make the Matrix without CGI and
       | the CGI in something like Foundation looks so absolutely gorgeous
       | that I wouldn't mind if I could just fly around in the world and
       | gape at it.
       | 
       | No matter how much I love TOS almost all the aliens were just a
       | guy in a fursuit and all the rocks are shiny...
       | 
       | Now of course you can make terrible movies and try to cover it up
       | with CGI, but back in the day they just made terrible movies and
       | tried to cover it up with boobs, guns and explosions. Not really
       | that I mind either.
        
       | quasarj wrote:
       | Eh, old man yells at (CGI) cloud.
        
       | throwaway032342 wrote:
       | Counterpoint, CGI allows you to tell stories that would look like
       | total shit without them. Maybe compare apples to apples and look
       | at the 1980's dune vs the new one.
        
       | Joeboy wrote:
       | I think a lot of what people are complaining about is that the
       | third act of a lot of big movies is just "...and then they all
       | have a big fight". I've never heard anybody complain about the
       | extensive VFX in The Wolf of Wall Street[1].
       | 
       | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pocfRVAH9yU
        
       | nickdothutton wrote:
       | I wouldn't compare CGI, which is obviously very weak when placed
       | next to reality, with real scenes. I'd compare it with the matte
       | painting backdrops of the 30s, 40s, and 50s. Movies like
       | forbidden planet. If your go to see a CGI movie expecting to be
       | "fooled" then you are certain the end up disappointed.
        
       | wccrawford wrote:
       | After reading all that, I can't help but feel that when movies
       | first came out, there were plenty of people complaining about how
       | live theatre plays were obviously better and everything is
       | getting worse.
       | 
       | The article even admits that CG is a lot better today than it was
       | a while back.
       | 
       | Yes, they make mistakes and things could be better. But that's
       | because nobody is perfect and everyone is making it up as they go
       | along. When nobody has done it before, it's impossible to copy
       | them.
       | 
       | Personally, I love today's movie and their CG, especially when I
       | can't even tell it was CG. It used to be incredibly obvious that
       | it was CG. And it used to be incredibly obvious that puppets were
       | puppets. Everything gets better as people do it more.
        
       | yencabulator wrote:
       | Wait why are the dinosaur actors naked inside the costumes?
        
       | revscat wrote:
       | Why do I feel like there is a correlation here between TFA and
       | Tesla's problems getting FSD to be fully autonomous.
        
       | steve76 wrote:
        
       | lbebber wrote:
       | CGI is great actually, and most people have no idea when they are
       | watching CGI stuff.
       | 
       | It's just that being able to do just about anything, down to
       | implausible camera movements, requires restraint, and sometimes
       | that's lacking.
       | 
       | (also low budget stuff might look bad, but that applies for every
       | single thing)
        
       | dgellow wrote:
       | Not sure if it is caused by CGI or me becoming older, but I
       | noticed the following: in the past I would see a movie landscape
       | (let's say a new planet in a Sci-Fi movie, or adventurers
       | discovering a lost place) and would feel crushed by emotions due
       | to the beauty/darkness/emptiness of it and it's massive size.
       | 
       | I cannot feel anything like this anymore, I just think "oh, cool
       | CGI", and that's it, no emotions whatsoever. And that kind of
       | ruins a lot of movies I would have previously enjoyed.
        
         | ryeights wrote:
         | I would think the latter, haha.
        
         | brimble wrote:
         | It has definitely, _entirely_ ruined effects-focused making-of
         | videos. How 'd they do it? Computers. What did it look like?
         | Someone using a computer. How can we show you the "behind the
         | scenes" of that shot? Disable part of the rendering.
         | 
         | All identical, all boring.
         | 
         | The only interesting part is "how much of this shot was CG?"
         | but a still conveys that. Extensive making-ofs are practically
         | dead, except for people in the industry who want to know
         | exactly which commercial plugin they used or whatever.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | krnlpnc wrote:
       | I truly hope there is a shift back to practical FX and 2d
       | animation.
       | 
       | Classic movies from the 80s like Alien, The Thing, My Neighbor
       | Totoro, etc. look so much better to me than the latest
       | blockbuster Marvel movie.
       | 
       | There is something about actors acting in the same set you see,
       | with the actual monsters you see, and the fog and lighting and
       | everything else being real. And shooting on film just looks
       | better to me.
       | 
       | Hand drawn 2d animation looks so much better too. I much prefer
       | its soft and imperfect look to the HD perfection of modern
       | computerized animation. 3d animation while great in some movies,
       | I feel is an overused default animation style today.
       | 
       | I feel like we reached the perfect balance between visual art,
       | technology and original stories back in the 80s, and have been
       | steadily implementing cost/time saving optimizations ever since.
        
         | dymk wrote:
         | It's because you're very nostalgic for the movies of your
         | childhood. And you listed three classics, when that era
         | produced a lot of trash as well. That's all fine, certainly not
         | a bad thing, but that's where the bias comes from.
        
           | krnlpnc wrote:
           | Nah it's not about them being classics, just widely known
           | examples.
           | 
           | I prefer even old grindhouse trash (that I haven't seen until
           | fairly recently) over the nonstop modern day CGI drenched
           | sequels and reboots.
        
         | roywiggins wrote:
         | Well, compare the number of films that Ghibli puts out compared
         | to Marvel. Marvel pumps movies out at a furious pace in
         | comparison; I'm not sure you even could sustain a Marvel-style
         | tempo while remotely keeping up the same quality as Ghibli.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Studio_Ghibli_works
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Marvel_Cinematic_Unive...
        
           | antihero wrote:
           | Well there we go, quality over quantity.
        
         | micromacrofoot wrote:
         | You have to remember that 2D animation has been around for over
         | a hundred years and a lot of the bad old stuff has been
         | filtered out by history.
         | 
         | I think 3D animation is just starting to hit its stride. The
         | Netflix series _Arcane_ is really beautiful, _Spider-Man: Into
         | the Spiderverse_ was incredible, and I was even blown away by
         | _Hotel Transylvania 4_ , which I was ready to write-off as
         | corny kids dreck, but the manic slap-stick stuff they did in it
         | is outrageously good. This isn't even getting into the epic-
         | budget Pixar stuff...
         | 
         | Also if Ghibili is your bar I'd say 99% of 2D animation isn't
         | even on par.
        
           | throwaway17_17 wrote:
           | I don't know if Arcane should be included in a list
           | supporting the advancements of 3D animation. While the
           | characters are animated, and I do mean that in the technical
           | sense (i.e. actually moving the bodies), in 3D as meshes of
           | polygons, a vast percentage of the effects are 2D
           | vector/bitmap animations and all of the backgrounds are
           | traditional static digital paintings.
           | 
           | I am in no way saying Arcane does not 'look good' to me or in
           | any objective way, in fact, I really enjoy the over all look
           | of the show. But I think it is a bit disingenuous to use
           | Arcane to prop up the advancements in 3D animation compared
           | to 2D.
        
             | micromacrofoot wrote:
             | Is it though? Without advancement in 3D animation Arcane
             | wouldn't have been possible. It's a fairly unique 3D/2D
             | hybrid and that merging of the styles is apparent in how it
             | looks.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | I stopped watching _into the Spiderverse_ due to the bad CGI.
           | 
           | Plenty of people liked it, but I think it's more people
           | getting used to the style than it actually being good. Most
           | modern animators and many viewers grew up with bad 90's CGI,
           | worse the old guard of computer animators where making it.
           | 
           | Taking with some of these animators they still recognize
           | quality, but it's like their uncanny valley has moved.
        
             | micromacrofoot wrote:
             | At this point the animation is so widely lauded that I'd
             | say it's objectively well executed. I can certainly
             | understand not enjoying the style though, I don't like the
             | style of some of the classic Disney animations... but still
             | can appreciate the effort and skill behind them.
             | 
             | I don't really buy the idea that animators grew up with bad
             | animation and have somehow lower standards... in the case
             | of the handful of pro animators I know, they're absolutely
             | massive animation nerds and their taste extends far beyond
             | what they grew up with.
        
         | spywaregorilla wrote:
         | I consider this to be the greatest scene of modern superhero
         | movies (Amazing Spiderman 2 - Electro first fight). The movie
         | itself had a lot of problems and Sony is entirely to blame, but
         | I digress: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PWNbliU6-LQ
         | 
         | This scene does pretty much everything marvel movies are
         | criticized for. Lots of CGI. Lots of explosions. Banter in
         | dangerous moments. But I think it works extremely well.
         | 
         | The use of bright color contrasts between red and blue; then
         | later darkness is really sharp. The sound design of the moment
         | highlights the villain's confusion and spidey comes off as
         | really distraught that this guy is in this situation. You don't
         | really have reason to think that Spidey will die here, but it
         | does set up a level of belief that some civilians could get
         | hurt here, and it does come off as pretty exciting to see him
         | need to immediately pull off a difficult, slo mo maneuver to
         | save them. The fighting is incredibly quick, with both players
         | only doing heavy fight-ending moves. It's stylistic as fuck.
         | 
         | tl;dr the biggest problem with superhero movies is the awkward
         | uncanny valley of trying to be both realistic and absurd with
         | CGI. Go big and stylistic.
        
           | js2 wrote:
           | I recently re-watched _Spider-Man_ (2002), not having seen it
           | in over a decade. I watched it in 4K on a 100 " screen from
           | my JVC DLA-RS400 projector.
           | 
           | I was pleasantly surprised that the movie was as good as I
           | remembered, and that the special effects held up remarkably
           | well.
           | 
           | I enjoyed its first major fight scene than the one you
           | linked:
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MiaTyUcu5VM
           | 
           | The frozen people effect in _Amazing Spiderman 2_ reminded me
           | this:
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OANHfaJW3IM
        
         | unfocussed_mike wrote:
         | I don't think shooting on film is particularly necessary; it's
         | possible to match that look pretty convincingly. Though
         | attention to _why_ the film look appeals to us is always
         | valuable.
         | 
         | Practical effects are probably getting easier, thanks to
         | various 3D printing techniques, the expansion of low-cost
         | microcontrollers, the low costs of servos, and the
         | proliferation of small cameras and lens adaptations for
         | rostrum/running shots.
         | 
         | But saving money isn't the main reason we don't have practical
         | effects. Saving _time_ is the main reason we don 't have
         | practical effects.
        
           | roywiggins wrote:
           | Apparently Dune was transferred to film and back again to try
           | and get the look. I'm not sure how much it really mattered in
           | the end- I'm sure there are digital methods- but it did work.
           | 
           | https://ymcinema.com/2021/12/03/dune-was-shot-on-alexa-lf-
           | tr...
        
             | formerly_proven wrote:
             | I don't think people know why they "like" or "dislike" a
             | certain look. Take a look at cinematography, it's all
             | "anamorphic this"1, "24 fps that", "digital is too harsh"
             | etc. The article:
             | 
             | > But it gave us the feeling we had been picturing a
             | certain texture that's painterly but feels timeless...The
             | film has softened the edges of the digital. It gave us
             | something that film acquisition couldn't give us, and it
             | gave us something that digital acquisition couldn't give us
             | 
             | Cinematography still has clearly a long way to go. It's
             | currently in the "we don't know what perspective is" phase
             | of painting.
             | 
             | 1 anamorphic lenses are, generally speaking, horrible. It's
             | extremely obvious when they're used, which is probably the
             | main reason why there has been a huge anamorphic filmmaking
             | craze going on for a few years.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | If your highlights have already been clipped because of
             | digital, you're not going to magically get the benefits of
             | film's rolloff. There's a lot more going on with capture in
             | an analog/physical media like film than just grain that
             | most people associate
        
               | devindotcom wrote:
               | Modern digital cinema capture has nearly film-like
               | dynamic range. It's gotten pretty good. Film is the gold
               | standard but it's not always worth the trade-off in cost
               | and complexity. And ultimately a lot of it comes down to
               | good grading, not the DR of the original shot.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | >Modern digital cinema capture has nearly film-like
               | dynamic range.
               | 
               | NEARLY is not EQUALs. The dynamic range that you are
               | touting being nearly the same is the specific feature of
               | film that I was refering to on how it handles highlights.
               | It's taken 25 years to get to where we are nearly there,
               | but I understand why some purists still prefer the
               | acquisition on film. However, the nearly is good enough
               | for most but the purists.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | You do realize that all this range and depth that purists
               | talk about is just like what audiophiles do when they
               | talk about the "warmth" of a vinyl recording?
               | 
               | So film has a huge resolution advantage especially when
               | you use 70MM. Theoretically capable of 16K. Yet by the
               | time you've developed the negs, created interpositives,
               | edited, created masters, created internets, and finally
               | created prints for the theaters, that resolution, that
               | dynamic range, those "highlights" (could you be more
               | vague) get lower and lower. Then you send it to a theater
               | with a crappy projector that's out of calibration, or has
               | a bulb out of spec. Then you get crap. Same with when you
               | have this pristine film scanned for DVD/BluRay/4k
               | whatever.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | I'm talking about the ability to expose what would appear
               | to be overexposed details in clouds while allowing
               | shadows to be exposed to avoid details lost in the
               | blacks. When color corrected, the highlights have the
               | ability to be recovered to see the details back in the
               | clouds. Just an example of a shot. If the exposure was
               | too much for the clouds to be recovered, then the roll
               | off in film looks much cleaner than just the clipping
               | that occurs in digital.
               | 
               | Your reply comes off as if I don't know what I'm talking
               | about which just isn't the case. I've already stipulated
               | in a previous comment that modern digital is good enough
               | for most everyone one but purists. So your audiophile
               | comment implies to me you missed some salient details.
        
             | drewcoo wrote:
             | Digital -> analog -> digital. Is that what made it so dark?
             | 
             | DAD cataracts?
        
           | echelon wrote:
           | > But saving money isn't the main reason we don't have
           | practical effects. Saving time is the main reason we don't
           | have practical effects.
           | 
           | Absolutely. There are a lot of reasons this is happening.
           | 
           | Prior to the pandemic (which will be seen as a kinetic
           | accelerant to a thermodynamic inevitability), _screen space
           | was limited_ , meaning the biggest tentpoles would eat up a
           | somewhat predictable lion's share of box office revenue and
           | thus command a large percentage of screen real estate. If you
           | churn out big things fast, you can fill the calendar year
           | with your films, monopolizing on total screen space/time. You
           | can bargain with theaters for placement and advantageous
           | timing, maximizing your own ROI and preventing other studios
           | from outcompeting you. This is more a function of pipeline
           | maturity and scale than development time, but efficiency
           | absolutely helps.
           | 
           | It's also true that _viewers only have so much time_ (and
           | therefore money). You want them to spend more time watching
           | your content than they do on alternatives (other streamers,
           | video games, social media). Quick delivery of successful
           | series is essential. Netflix is trying to fill its slate to
           | compensate for media losses, but also to run quick
           | experiments to find things that maximize for view time.
           | Content doesn 't necessarily have to look good to fit the
           | need.
           | 
           | The dust may look like it's settling, but it's not.
           | Increasing efficiency will lead to lots of new competition in
           | the space.
        
           | zardo wrote:
           | >But saving money isn't the main reason we don't have
           | practical effects. Saving time is the main reason we don't
           | have practical effects.
           | 
           | And not just time in general. The CGI could take more time to
           | produce than the practical effects, but it's in post. The
           | practical effects have to be ready for the shot.
        
             | gaius_baltar wrote:
             | That's even more: it can be done in parallel, through the
             | entire production, as interaction of the actual physical
             | prop on the set is not a memory barrier for the rest of
             | production.
        
         | TazeTSchnitzel wrote:
         | 2D animation is alive in Japan.
        
           | highwind wrote:
           | These days lot of 2D animation look is achieved via 3D/CGI
           | tools.
        
             | snuxoll wrote:
             | There's certainly a lot of use of it, but it's painfully
             | obvious when they do so. I think with some more time and
             | practice many studios could make it harder to tell the
             | difference - but it might negate a lot of the cost savings
             | (making more fluid animations rather than the very stiff
             | ones commonly seen, taking advantage of squash/stretch so
             | the movements don't seem so perfect like they were done
             | using computer animation, etc.).
             | 
             | Some shows/movies make it work well enough because there's
             | things other than the animation that keep you watching,
             | some use it for walking/transition scenes where it's easier
             | to "blend" it in since it's background to the dialogue most
             | of the time; but I really wouldn't say the "2d animation
             | look" is even close to being achieved in many cases right
             | now. Again, not because I feel the tooling is incapable of
             | it - but because doing it right would nullify the cost
             | savings and defeating the purpose.
        
           | ginko wrote:
           | Have a look at the remakes of Berserk or Sailor Moon. These
           | are two of the most high-profile anime and manga franchises
           | out there and should have plenty of financial backing, yet
           | they look WAY worse than their cel animated counterparts from
           | the 90s.
           | 
           | https://mangathrill.com/wp-
           | content/uploads/2020/12/pjimage-2...
           | 
           | https://static1.srcdn.com/wordpress/wp-
           | content/uploads/2017/...
        
             | spywaregorilla wrote:
             | That's some heavy cherry picking though. Lots of well drawn
             | anime out today.
        
         | UnpossibleJim wrote:
         | I think so much of what made The Thing great is what they
         | couldn't show because of their limitations, not because of
         | their _great_ special effects. It 's a thing that the great
         | digital effect artists have realized and integrated into their
         | movies.
         | 
         | When you look at movies like The Arrival, which is not
         | considered a great special effects film because they're
         | understated and get out of the way of the story, the effects
         | artists plop a digital ship into the middle of a field and
         | leave it there. Understated digital effects, in conjunction
         | with practical effects, are often the most effective and least
         | appreciated.
         | 
         | Villeneuve has a tendency to direct movies that do this well
         | (and I apologize for being a bit of a fan boy), and I hope that
         | more movies take this direction.
         | 
         | I enjoyed the Marvel films, but at times they looked a bit like
         | digital vomit on screen and became hard to follow. I couldn't
         | even finish Aquaman, TBH, as it was just over the top with the
         | amount of digital noise. Though, Justice League attempted to do
         | better than this, the Darkside fight was a bit nauseating =(
         | 
         | Again, though, I think the Villeneuve films will stand the test
         | of time, where as the blockbuster comic films will go the way
         | of films like Predator. I enjoyed it at the time, but it
         | doesn't really hold up.
        
         | tshaddox wrote:
         | > Classic movies from the 80s like Alien, The Thing, My
         | Neighbor Totoro, etc. look so much better to me than the latest
         | blockbuster Marvel movie.
         | 
         | You chose three films that are widely considered to be among
         | the greatest films of all time in their genre.
        
           | ssully wrote:
           | That's what people do. They remember the good and forget the
           | bad. In 10-20 years people will look back and remember the
           | "good" CGI movies from today and forget all the shitty ones
           | that came out along side them. Rinse and repeat.
        
             | lbebber wrote:
             | That's already a thing, people asking why "CGI is getting
             | worse"
        
             | guelo wrote:
             | Nope, none of todays CGI stuff is memorable.
        
           | loloquwowndueo wrote:
           | Black panther is the #3 highest-rated superhero movie on
           | rotten tomatoes. Sounds like it's even higher in its genre
           | than The Thing (#138 in horror) and Alien (#5). Black Panther
           | is not a bad movie in other aspects - but the parts that use
           | (and overuse) CGI look as fake as any other Marvel
           | Production. So how good the movie is isn't necessarily a free
           | pass for CGI abuse.
        
             | Zababa wrote:
             | Super hero movies in general are mediocre. Being 138 in
             | horror is probably still better than the top 1 superhero
             | movie.
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | > Black panther is the #3 highest-rated superhero movie on
             | rotten tomatoes. Sounds like it's even higher in its genre
             | than The Thing (#138 in horror) and Alien (#5).
             | 
             | Not surprising, given that there aren't many triple-A
             | movies with Black lead actors around in the first place,
             | much less movies that are predominantly Black starred - it
             | was labelled as "revolutionary" [1] for a reason and so
             | generated a lot of (well-deserved) hype. That it turned out
             | to be a damn good movie too only helped the matter along.
             | 
             | [1]: https://time.com/black-panther/
        
             | monocasa wrote:
             | The superhero genre doesn't lend itself to the "don't
             | actually show much to build suspense" style of film-making
             | that horror could lean on back in the day to make up for
             | how corny practical effects would look.
             | 
             | It's not really a rousing endorsement that practical's
             | greatest achievements are cases when you have the thematic
             | luxury of not actually showing anything.
        
               | loloquwowndueo wrote:
               | Ok here's an example on a more visual genre. Practical
               | Yoda is more believable than CGI Yoda. (Practical Yoda
               | can't do the "jumping pea" stuff but that was entirely
               | laughable and defied suspension of disbelief entirely. )
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | There's quite a bit CGI Grogu in The Mandalorian. You
               | just don't notice it because it's done well.
               | 
               | And remember, the the prequels were literally the first
               | movies to have CGI major characters. Basing the
               | effectiveness of the technique on them would be like
               | basing all of practical effects on the first movie to
               | have puppets.
        
               | loloquwowndueo wrote:
               | Who said I didn't notice it? ;)
        
         | Apocryphon wrote:
         | It feels like Hollywood has had a practical effects craze for a
         | while in the past fifteen years thanks to _The Dark Knight_. Or
         | maybe it 's just been Christopher Nolan (and some Villeneuve)
         | keeping that flame alive. There certainly has been no shortage
         | of public gushing over Nolan's use of practical effects, even
         | if some of his films didn't really live up to the hype.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Fury Road gave a glimmer of hope of limiting the use of CGI. It
         | gave me happy feet to watch it.
        
           | greedo wrote:
           | Fury Road used a ton of CGI. So much that without it, the
           | movie wouldn't have been very good.
        
           | adorton wrote:
           | Fury Road makes pretty extensive use of CGI and digital
           | compositing.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vB3tdMDRQBc
           | 
           | But it looks great so you don't really notice it.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | Fury Road also makes extensive use of insane level
             | practical stunts that other features would have gone 100%
             | GGI. There's a difference in enhancing with CGI vs entirely
             | in CGI. The stunt peeps on the motorcyles, the insane
             | pendulum thingymabobbers, the cars themselves, etc are all
             | real and very noticeably better looking than CGI
        
           | atarian wrote:
           | That'll do dylan604. That'll do.
        
         | madrox wrote:
         | I wouldn't expect this to happen. It's like hoping software
         | will shift back to writing C++. Everyone moved on for a reason,
         | and the people that make up the industry as a whole simply
         | don't have the skillset (or willingness) for that kind of work.
         | You'll see the occassional autur/indie production, but at
         | blockbuster scale? Never again.
        
         | corysama wrote:
         | Phil Tippett just finished a full-length, 100% stop-motion
         | movie https://www.madgodmovie.com/
        
         | lilthrow wrote:
         | I think the point about balance is valuable. In the 1980's the
         | digital transition had just started and mostly contributed to
         | cleaner control of analog processes like computer-controlled
         | tracking shots over models(all the "swooping spaceship shots"
         | were done this way). But most of the things one could do to add
         | visual interest to a shot, regardless of the particular tech,
         | were fundamentally pre-production, not post: Storyboarding,
         | staging, lighting, prop and costume work; well-rehearsed and
         | directed performances. The parts that were meant to be special
         | effects were still often obviously abstract in nature, outside
         | of the biggest productions: e.g. a character walking away from
         | a burning airplane wreck might just be composited on top of a
         | fireball in a very basic way, if the production couldn't afford
         | to destroy an actual airplane. Even just doing any compositing
         | was not an easy task and involved a few specialty roles to
         | create mattes etc. So there were some natural constraints that
         | pushed everything towards building up the parts of the scene
         | that were actually "live-action".
         | 
         | Once CGI rolled in - and really, this was true of all graphics
         | when you look at things like 90's magazines overusing Photoshop
         | filters - we got a taste for adding multiple layers of
         | production on top of everything, which made the final image
         | less "tied together" and more of a chimera.
         | 
         | I do think animation has gotten better overall, even 2D,
         | because animation has always embraced being chimerical and
         | covering that up by finding a consistent approach to the final
         | image. All that's changed is that there's a lower reliance on
         | large numbers of drawings. In the 80's, very few animation
         | productions could really achieve their full vision - with few
         | corrective tools available, you had to have some excellent
         | draftsmanship just to get a product out the door. While there
         | were opportunities to use that to expressive effect, most of TV
         | animation stuck to simple shots and reused as much as they
         | could get away with. This also really pushed the default look
         | of animation towards whatever was easy to draw, which dampened
         | the tone of works trying to feel serious.
         | 
         | Now we have digital puppets that still are fundamentally 2D but
         | allow the animator to spend more time on creating a performance
         | that reuses snippets of pre-drawn material, which is overall a
         | good thing. If they want to push a scene further and add
         | additional camera angles or poses, they have the option to do
         | so and can apply CGI to create the necessary references too -
         | you aren't bottlenecked so much by drawing, but neither are you
         | stuck trying to composite in a CG image, because you can paint
         | over it and get whatever look you want, as long as that look
         | isn't live action.
        
         | Zababa wrote:
         | > My Neighbor Totoro
         | 
         | In anime at least, CGI cuts costs a lot, especially for 3D
         | scenes. On the other hand, people are getting better and better
         | at doing CGI these days. In general I feel like current
         | animation has more movement overall, but it's not budgeted
         | well. For example, in the introduction of Patlabor 2
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ydCLeclaKik, there are lots of
         | still shots, but some movements are impressive, and the
         | backgrounds are gorgeous. It is one of the best anime movie
         | ever made though, so it's not like everything at that time
         | looked like that.
        
         | seanmcdirmid wrote:
         | > I truly hope there is a shift back to practical FX and 2d
         | animation.
         | 
         | Most 2D animation these days is just CGI dressed up to look
         | like 2D hand drawn animation. Actually, the reduced production
         | costs is why we are seeing so many magna/light novel being
         | translated into anime series, even if the underlying content
         | isn't that great.
        
         | greedo wrote:
         | I guarantee you that you couldn't tell the difference between a
         | movie shot on film and one shot digitally but with film-like
         | effects applied to it.
        
       | ddingus wrote:
       | I've arrived in an interesting place I didn't expect.
       | 
       | Mostly, I don't care!! First and foremost, is the story good,
       | compelling?
       | 
       | If so, I'm in! I see some of the effects, there are others I know
       | I don't see, and good on those crews. Did their job. :D
       | 
       | I like to see them, when I see them too. Used to be, looking
       | back, poor effects would stand right out, and it took me out of
       | the experience. But, there was one exception, and that was the
       | original "Star Trek" shows. For some reason, I didn't care on
       | those and all these years later, I think I know why, and it's the
       | story, the people, all of it being compelling.
       | 
       | Also, on that program the music is just awesome! I still use
       | episodes as background when working. The sounds are just great!
       | 
       | Now, I super appreciate real, filmed things. The lack of effects
       | is the special deal now. Cool!!
       | 
       | Finally, makeup:
       | 
       | I love good costumes, makeup, all that tech theatre stuff. The
       | only time it's objectionable is when I do see it, and am not
       | really supposed to, and usually that comes down to some
       | environmental thing, the actor struggling (like sweat or
       | something crappy for them and the makeup), or what seems like
       | excess, like caked on.
       | 
       | Otherwise! Yeah. Decorate the people. Let's check 'em out.
        
       | PKop wrote:
       | Digital cameras replacing film has also ruined it. The dynamic
       | range and depth of images that comes from film blows all digital
       | images away...same for photography.
       | 
       | Much of the romance and beauty seen in old pictures and films is
       | due to this difference.
        
       | posix86 wrote:
       | I disagree on the author's definition of "real". I see two ways
       | they can be defined in the context of movies: Real could mean
       | that the objects portraid look like they were actually filmed
       | through a camera; but it could also mean that the objects
       | portraid look like the objects they're intended to portay. The
       | former is easily achievable with practical effects. But the
       | latter is in many cases ONLY achiavable with CGI, which in many
       | cases already starkly outperforms any practical effects
       | (admittably, to the detrement of realness according to the former
       | definion in some cases).
       | 
       | Which of the two you prefer depends on what it is you're looking
       | for in movies. One motivation might be to see humans acting
       | realistically, reacting to their environment and struggles. If
       | that's all you're looking for, practical effects almost always
       | win, because they allow budget to be allocated on actors and
       | scripts, and actors have an easier time imagining to be in the
       | situation they're acting to be in. Many blockbuster movies,
       | however, are made with a different goal in mind. Marvel, Jurassic
       | Park, Star Wars all don't have realistic human interactions and
       | struggles as a primary value proposition, but interesting fantasy
       | worlds and fights, with "sufficiently" realistic characters. I
       | for one enjoy both types of movies, deeply, and I don't think
       | that CGI ruins movies today. In particular, I don't think that
       | CGI ruins movies like Jurassic Park or Star Wars, which in my
       | view are great movies for the year they came out in, but by
       | todays standard's are clearly objectively worse in almost any
       | respect. Imagine something like the first star wars movie coming
       | out today! Nobody would know about it, even fewer would care.
       | Nostalgia is a powerful force.
        
       | rpmisms wrote:
       | I've seen this take too many times. CGI _can_ have the same level
       | of artisanship as practical effects, you just need to put in the
       | work. The Lord of the Rings trilogy is a great example: Weta
       | Digital was part of the entire filmmaking process, worked
       | extremely closely with the art department, and was part of the
       | same entity that made most of the props and practical effects.
       | The digital effects in the trilogy hold up, even the ones that
       | look a _little_ janky today, not because of some amazing
       | rendering software, but because they were integrated into the
       | vision of the films from day 1.
       | 
       | I think this can be observed to a lesser extent on many more
       | recent movies with strong vision behind them. For example, Sony's
       | Amazing Spider-Man movies had generally generic CGI, but the
       | Spiderman model and sequences were phenomenal. The studio and
       | effects shops had a really strong idea about how Spidey should
       | feel and move, and that drove his visualization.
       | 
       | tl;dr it's not the effects, it's the creative bankruptcy.
        
       | wffurr wrote:
       | "As you listen to that gentle creaking, or that low-tone
       | burbling, what you feel at that moment is the deep satisfaction
       | that comes from witnessing Being, in all its irreducible and
       | incomputable eddies and swirls. Your eyes are satiated. There's
       | probably a German word for it, and if not, there should be."
       | 
       | Anyone know the German word for this? There's gotta be one,
       | right? Something to express the zeitgeist of CGI-laden current
       | day cinema?
        
       | clukic wrote:
       | I recently watched Project X, a campy Matthew Broderick movie
       | from 1987, and I was just blown away. It was so incredible to
       | watch real Chimpanzees interacting with real human beings in real
       | environments.
       | 
       | I had that illusive sense of wonder that CGI is always striving
       | for and failing to reach. And, as a consequence the movie almost
       | felt like it was from a future where CGI had finally achieved its
       | goals...the only thing is it was a campy movie from 1987.
        
       | cosmiccatnap wrote:
        
       | newsbinator wrote:
       | I don't think we need a shift back to practical FX or 2d
       | animation in general. Only for those situations CGI can't handle
       | yet.
       | 
       | What we need is good stories and _un_ ambitious effects that
       | support those stories.
       | 
       | The author touched on several key problems:
       | 
       | * Color Grading:
       | 
       | > Notice the color differences. Every movie now takes place as if
       | it were in The Matrix, appearing in deep greens or blues or in
       | gray shades, like the complex colors of the world have been
       | bleached out.
       | 
       | * Shadows:
       | 
       | > In the 2021 Dune, it is a monochrome chunk, despite the
       | billowing fabric around the character. In the 1962 Lawrence of
       | Arabia, the shadow of the fabric is actually see-through. It has
       | dimensionality, thinness and thickness. Because it's a real
       | shadow.
       | 
       | * Over-ambition:
       | 
       | > how could the same filmmaker go from making a movie as good as
       | The Fellowship of the Ring in 2001 to a movie as bad as The
       | Hobbit in 2012? It's not budgetary. The Fellowship cost 93
       | million to make, while The Hobbit cost 180 million.
       | 
       | Jurassic Park (1993) was so good and stands the test of time
       | because the primitive CGI was hidden by night-time darkness. The
       | filmmakers knew what was achievable and believable relative to
       | the technology of the time.
       | 
       | If in 2022 you make a movie with flat colors, fake shadows, and
       | 3D characters (like Maz Kanata in Star Wars) who need to interact
       | in scenes with human characters, then yeah: it's going to be bad.
       | 
       | Modern movies fail because they're too ambitious. The battle of
       | the five armies in The Hobbit was too ambitious: our technology
       | can't make it look as good as live action yet.
       | 
       | The answer is to make movies we can make with a mix of practical
       | + CGI, and wait for the technology to catch up. And to fix the
       | damn color grading. Songs used to sound good. Movies used to look
       | good.
        
         | greedo wrote:
         | Color grading has nothing to do with CGI. That's a production
         | choice not a technical limitation. DPs and directors have been
         | favoring a limited or neutral color palette for the last two
         | decades. Like any fashion, this will change.
        
         | sleepybrett wrote:
         | You don't get better by waiting until you can be better, you
         | get better by doing your best, falling short and discovering
         | how to overcome your shortfalls.
         | 
         | You don't get a budget to 'try to build the battle of five
         | armies perfectly and only then will you get to put it in a
         | movie'.
         | 
         | Overambition is frankly BAKED into the movie industry and has
         | from the beginning.
         | 
         | So yes, cutting edge effects will fall short, they have since
         | the beginning of film. But the techniques are always getting
         | better. When golum was introduced in the LoTR he was not
         | perfect but you can see the improvement just within that series
         | from movie to movie, he's always looking better... 'touch'
         | interaction between cgi human actor also improves quite a bit
         | but still lacks, the wrestle that frodo and golum have at the
         | cracks has .. cracks.
        
           | newsbinator wrote:
           | Yes, each movie should aim to push the boundary out a bit.
           | But you don't try to film _Avatar_ in 1978 (without
           | completely changing the scenes), because with puppets and
           | matte paintings it 'll be relatively unwatchable.
           | 
           | 2D Lord of the Rings as an animated film in 1978? Sure.
           | 
           | Live Action Lord of the Rings? Wait till 2001 for it to be
           | good.
        
       | gtm1260 wrote:
       | I'm not sure I 100% buy this argument. Like yes, objectively the
       | creature work in the new star wars lacks the weight and realness
       | of the original puppets, or even those used in the Mandelorian.
       | 
       | But we've also got to see the world of starwars in an absolutely
       | incredible new way! x Wings skimming over the water with
       | incredible camera angles, spectacular space explosions, realistic
       | lightsabers that spark and have volume (sword fighting
       | choreography aside).
        
       | lemmsjid wrote:
       | An interesting thing I've noticed recently is that CGI both opens
       | up possibilities and closes them down, and it's in the closing
       | that it becomes painful. As the author points out, in older
       | practical effects movies, you knew that you wouldn't get many big
       | macro shots of a lot of things happening at once. In Alien, you
       | weren't going to see the alien walking around in natural light
       | with camera angles all around it, because it would quickly become
       | obvious that it's someone in a suit or an animatronic. In CGI you
       | get the opposite scenario: you'll see big believable macro shots
       | of fleets of spaceships, but when a human actor is interacting
       | with a CGI actor, you know that they aren't going to believably
       | inhabit the same small space: e.g. hugs, kisses, punches, etc.,
       | are probably not going to happen, or, if they do, will involve
       | some predictable trickery. For example if a menacing CGI robot
       | strides threateningly towards a human actor, you know they won't
       | believably grab the actor and go face to face, not without some
       | cunning cuts. This is especially apparent in television shows
       | with lower budgets. The space scenes in Battlestar Galactica were
       | consistently incredible, but I was never once convinced by the
       | non-human Cylons when they were in the same room as humans. I
       | watch newer CGI movies with an eye towards how artists are
       | addressing these issues.
        
         | munchler wrote:
         | As a big BSG fan, I have to disagree with the last part of your
         | comment. The reboot's GGI Cylons were much more menacing than
         | the original's actors clunking around in robot suits. (But it
         | was still awesome to see the occasional old-school Cylon in the
         | reboot. They did a great job calling back to the original show
         | when appropriate.)
         | 
         | Man, I miss BSG. Every sci-fi show featuring androids since
         | then owes it a huge debt. (Raised By Wolves on HBO jumps to
         | mind as a current example.)
        
       | jrm4 wrote:
       | While I think the article is something to consider -- this could
       | be because I'm reading David Mamet stuff just because -- I think
       | a lot of this falls away if you have a good _story_ which perhaps
       | matter more than whatever CGI or not you 're using.
       | 
       | E.g. I personally find myself dissatisfied with a lot of Marvel,
       | probably because most of the movies are "cocky guy gets taken
       | down a peg by someone who's kind of in the family and kind of
       | not, but definitely wins in the end anyway."
        
       | animal_spirits wrote:
       | I haven't found any sci-fi movie interesting or entertaining for
       | the last decade or so because of all the CGI. It feels like it
       | takes the human elements out of storytelling. Which is why I find
       | Wes Anderson's movies such a refreshing take. They use nearly all
       | practical effects and it is human and fun. I would recommend
       | seeing the French Dispatch, his latest movie.
        
         | lm28469 wrote:
         | sci fi suffers a lot from this. Some scenes of Ad astra, The
         | Martian, Interstellar or Gravity scream "I copy pasted the
         | actor's head in a 3d scene", it just doesn't work at all for
         | me, even on a technical level you feel something is off in the
         | movements/lighting
         | 
         | I've recently watched prometheus right after watching the
         | original Alien and it's just painful to watch
        
           | unfocussed_mike wrote:
        
           | suzzer99 wrote:
           | Alien is my favorite movie of all time. I'm still made about
           | Prometheus. Mostly for the plot, but the CGI is painful as
           | well.
        
             | Apocryphon wrote:
             | The navigation room star map sequence was magical, though.
        
         | jahlove wrote:
         | You should check out Prospect (Trailer: [0]). It's an indie
         | sci-fi that I believe is still on Netflix. It uses a minimal
         | amount of CGI and a lot of props and practical effects. The
         | director did a few AMAs on reddit. [1]
         | 
         | It stars Pedro Pascal before he made it big in The
         | Mandaolorian.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XSpw22HPdHU
         | 
         | [1] https://redd.it/9v4wu3
        
           | gavinmckenzie wrote:
           | Also, if you weren't aware, Prospect started out as one of
           | the early Kickstarter-supported indie short films, and it's
           | great:
           | 
           | https://vimeo.com/90049558
        
         | omnicognate wrote:
         | Moon falls just outside your "last decade or so" but would have
         | been the exception that proves the rule. Deeply moving and
         | intriguing sci-fi, all practical effects. I heard somewhere
         | they used some models that were originally made for a Red Dwarf
         | movie.
        
           | animal_spirits wrote:
           | Great movie
        
         | m_mueller wrote:
         | give Villeneuve's Dune a chance if you haven't already. I don't
         | agree with the post on this one, they went to great lenghts
         | trying to make it feel real.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | Whatever your opinion is on Dune otherwise--I had my doubts
           | on first viewing but changed my mind--it was clearly a great
           | looking movie.
        
           | ARandumGuy wrote:
           | The comparison of the shadows in the article feels a bit
           | weird, considering it's comparing shadows in a bright clear
           | sky vs a sky with a lot of dust and debris. Especially weird
           | considering Dune does a lot to make it's CGI feel more
           | grounded then the competition.
           | 
           | All of Dune's outdoor scenes were filmed outdoors, to capture
           | brighter light and sharper shadows. Instead of green screens,
           | sand colored screens were used, to eliminate the subtle green
           | glow from the light reflected off the screen. Even subtle
           | things like having actual glass in the windows helps a lot to
           | make a scene more grounded.
           | 
           | Is Dune's CGI perfect? Obviously not. But it does look pretty
           | damn good. And I'd like to see more filmmakers use it as an
           | inspiration when producing other movies.
           | 
           | If you want more info on Dune's CGI, I can't recommend this
           | video enough: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIKupTibxKQ
        
       | kingkawn wrote:
       | Looking at how good real-life effects and modeling were getting
       | in the 70s and 80s hard not to wonder how much technical progress
       | would have happened if CGI hadn't taken over.
        
       | qrohlf wrote:
       | My favorite example of this is the fact that in the film "Knives
       | Out", the looming oil painting of Harlan (the murdered patriarch)
       | was actually just a green square all throughout filming - the oil
       | painting itself was digitally comped in during post.
       | 
       | Is Knives Out still a good movie? Yes. Would it have been
       | possibly, perceptibly better if the actors had a real eyeline to
       | work with on that painting, or the camera work was done with the
       | cinematographer being able to see the real painting through the
       | lens? Maybe.
        
         | whywhywhywhy wrote:
         | Just seems lazy in that case really, what was the excuse? They
         | didn't commission the artwork soon enough? Couldn't come to a
         | decision on what the painting should look like soon enough?
         | 
         | Think filmmakers are just too used to large amounts of post
         | work so you end up with this lack of decision making and things
         | become bland and diluted.
        
           | zerocrates wrote:
           | The painting also changes over the course of the movie... Of
           | course they could have just made more than one painting.
           | 
           | I do think it probably just wasn't ready, but you should
           | probably see this as a win for quality: they got to take more
           | time to get the painting they wanted without delaying
           | production, and paid no visible price for it.
        
             | Cerium wrote:
             | I would never have known that the painting was pasted in
             | had I not read it here. I have been contemplating watching
             | the movie again, maybe I should wait another year or two
             | first. Now I want to pay more attention to this detail.
        
           | ssully wrote:
           | If you didn't read this post, you would have had no idea the
           | painting was CGI. Calling it lazy is probably as justified as
           | if your boss called you lazy for using a third party library
           | like Python Requests instead of writing your own http
           | library.
           | 
           | The fact is there is more CGI in modern films then you know.
           | There are a million videos like this, but this [1] video on
           | CGI in David Fincher films is really worth a watch to get a
           | small understanding on how modern CGI is used in films in
           | ways you might not have noticed or thought about.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QChWIFi8fOY
        
             | fvdessen wrote:
             | We don't consciously notice it. But it may make the film
             | worse because we subconsciously notice something wrong, or
             | because the actors don't act as well without the real props
             | and setting to help them.
        
               | infinitezest wrote:
               | This isn't an especially compelling theory without some
               | data to back it up. Not to mention some less nebulous
               | criteria for good or bad films.
        
               | baobabKoodaa wrote:
               | > This isn't an especially compelling theory without some
               | data to back it up.
               | 
               | It's not difficult to reason how a real painting could
               | plausibly incite a more realistic performance out of
               | actors than a green screen. This trope of asking for
               | "data to back it up" for the most obvious things is
               | tiring. This is an internet message board, not a top tier
               | scientific journal. You can ask for evidence if you want,
               | but do you really need to do that in this case?
        
               | handoflixue wrote:
               | > You can ask for evidence if you want, but do you really
               | need to do that in this case?
               | 
               | I mean, the job is called "acting" and I'd think someone
               | is a pretty bad actor if they can't pretend it's a real
               | painting instead of a fake. They're already pretending to
               | be an entirely different person, in an entirely different
               | setting, dealing with a reality that often has extremely
               | different rules than ours.
               | 
               | So, yeah, it seems like a pretty extraordinary claim to
               | insist that they can handle stunt doubles, fake props,
               | and painted backgrounds... but a single green screen
               | painting is just too much for them to handle.
        
               | ssully wrote:
               | Well I consciously notice that Knives Out is a pretty
               | good movie, so I think the conversation of what we
               | subconsciously notice or not in this case is pretty
               | silly.
        
           | evan_ wrote:
           | I'm not sure if this is _the_ reason, but the lighting on the
           | painting, and the expression and pose of the subject, change
           | subtly from scene to scene- reflecting the story as it
           | unfolds.
        
       | disease wrote:
       | I feel like these points land harder when talking about animation
       | rather than live action films.
       | 
       | Consider that when Disney made Bambi 2 in the 2000s, they came to
       | the realization that their animators did not have the skill
       | required to animate deer antlers and then basically had their
       | hand forced into using CGI. In the 1930s this was not a problem:
       | the film contains not just hand-animated antlers but beautifully
       | painted backgrounds, an incredible score and some of the most
       | expressive character animation ever produced.
       | 
       | It hardly seems to be a stretch to call animation done during
       | Disney's golden age objectively better than what is being done
       | today.
        
         | throwawayboise wrote:
         | I don't believe there are not artists today who could animate
         | deer antlers or paint beautiful backgrounds. Disney did not
         | want to pay for them or wait for the time it would take to
         | animate a film by hand.
        
           | judge2020 wrote:
           | Bambi lost $200k USD (as a result of being released during
           | WW2) in 1942 when it released[0], the equivalent of ~$3.4
           | Million USD today, so I'm sure they were cutting necessary
           | costs. It only recouped the losses with subsequent re-
           | releases, which had the benefit of access to the European
           | market.
           | 
           | 0: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walt_Disney#:~:text=The%20mi
           | li...
        
       | zzzbra wrote:
       | while I am 100% in the "more practical effects please" camp, I
       | would also wager that criticism of the state of CGI in films
       | today is in large part a matter of survivorship bias: we are only
       | noticing the bad CGI, and not appreciating just how much more
       | happens to be CGI. Case in point, no one has probably seen even
       | half as many real animals in a film in the past ten years as we
       | think we have.
        
       | vlunkr wrote:
       | This video from a few years ago is a great counterpoint:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bL6hp8BKB24
       | 
       | It's not defending all CGI, just arguing that we only notice it
       | when it's bad. It's basically a toupee fallacy
        
       | DoctorNick wrote:
       | It's a simple reason for why practical effects were abandoned for
       | CGI: film crews are unionized, 3d animators are not.
        
         | draw_down wrote:
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | For now. There's a failing 2d animator field in Japan. Either
         | the die or organize.
        
         | speedgoose wrote:
         | It's an interesting observation but why would the union have
         | any impact on the use of CGI ? I never read that before.
        
           | tantalor wrote:
           | Unions tend to push members wages higher and improve
           | benefits, conditions, etc.
           | 
           | That makes non-union labor cheaper in comparison.
        
           | snotrockets wrote:
           | It's cheaper to underpay and overwork your workers, both
           | harder when the workers are unionized.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | TremendousJudge wrote:
           | They don't have the collective bargaining power of a union
           | and are paid much less/exploited, resulting in better profit
           | margins for the owners of the film.
        
         | stavros wrote:
         | Can it be two reasons? CGI is also less work.
        
           | kleer001 wrote:
           | 22 year veteran of CGI here. It's not less work. It's
           | certainly different work. In fact it probably takes more time
           | because directors think (and studios let them) do do-over
           | after do-over. But once a giant set is blown up, that's it.
           | Once you've flooded the set and soaked your actors it's
           | prohibitive to do it again.
        
         | beepbooptheory wrote:
         | Yes exactly. This is just another essay about this that misses
         | the forest for the trees about this stuff unfortunately. Not
         | only does this have negative aesthetic side effects, it is
         | produced by what is widely reported as an overworked, underpaid
         | labor force.
         | 
         | The rhetorical lengths some people go through to avoid talking
         | about the actual, material reasons for these things. We are in
         | general much more interested in just lamenting society, instead
         | of complaining.
        
           | skulk wrote:
           | It's fascinating to me that a movie production with a budget
           | of 10^8 dollars can't slice off a tiny bit of that for the
           | people that literally make the movie.
        
             | ars wrote:
             | I'm not sure what you mean by a tiny portion of that,
             | virtually the entire budget of a movie goes to paying the
             | people who make it.
        
               | skulk wrote:
               | I was trying to square the existence of GP's mentioned
               | "underpaid labor force" with the gigantic movie
               | production budgets I hear about.
        
         | kleer001 wrote:
         | There is a 3D animation union. M.P.S.C. #839
         | 
         | Representing animation artists, writers and technicians since
         | 1952.
         | 
         | https://animationguild.org/
         | 
         | Now, that only covers a small number of studios. So, of course,
         | not every studio can be part of it. But it is a union and it
         | does drive some of the industry standards and expectations.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jrm4 wrote:
         | Not for nothing, I wish more people here would pay attention to
         | forces like this _in IT._ I feel like there 's a lot of people
         | not following the money when we discuss things like, e.g.
         | Wayland.
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | That might only be a second or third-order cause. The real one
         | is cost. I doubt unions are what drives the difference; it's
         | that an animator can do what a crew of 10 did before.
        
         | aprdm wrote:
         | Cost is the only thing that matters. I don't believe the
         | budgets of today's movies are any smaller than they were before
         | CGI, CGI artists are very much expensive and there are tens of
         | thousands of them working on a movie.
        
         | Melatonic wrote:
         | This. George Lucas and Steve Jobs really screwed over the VFX
         | industry in the late 90s. God damn conspiring tech trolls.
        
       | Daub wrote:
       | Nowadays All movies are, to some degree, cg'd. Color grading (the
       | final stage of the post-production process) is entirely digital,
       | and things are being done with digital color grading which would
       | have been un-dreamable in analog days.
       | 
       | Also, let's not forget that lots of vfx address minor things like
       | (from experience) removing an umbrella that the directors
       | daughter accidentally left on set.
       | 
       | Finally, practical fx frequently require a digital helping hand.
       | Like removing visible wires from fly by wire scenes.
        
         | laputan_machine wrote:
         | Yes but it's clear that the article is not talking about this.
         | It's talking about things like The Hobbit compared to LOTR. The
         | latter is a classic, the former has aged terribly, in a big
         | part due to awful CGI
        
           | greedo wrote:
           | Aged terribly implies that it ever looked good.
        
       | asmos7 wrote:
       | just came here to ask why the dudes in the dinosaur costumes need
       | to be naked?!?
        
       | stuart78 wrote:
       | A dimension I dind't see mentioned in the article is the volume
       | of production and changing dynamics in the VFX industry. Back in
       | the 70s/80s/90/s there was dramatically less special effects-
       | driven content being produced. The community of those films was
       | so small that you could have minor celebrities in people like
       | Stan Winston. As the demand for the resource has increased, the
       | talent in the production team has not kept up. This seems to me
       | to be a key factor in the decreasing average level of CGI
       | quality. Also keep in mind that VFX is a generally bad business.
       | While more is being spent on production, VFX shops are extremely
       | margin-driven and when you combine tight margins with tough
       | (global) competition you end up making tradeoffs.
        
       | randomsilence wrote:
       | >Notice the color differences. Every movie now takes place as if
       | it were in The Matrix, appearing in deep greens or blues or in
       | gray shades, like the complex colors of the world have been
       | bleached out.
       | 
       | Could this reflect that we as a society have progressed towards a
       | more advanced state? Maybe we have reached a more 'real' reality,
       | a bit like Quentin Tarantino movie characters. As a consequence,
       | the movies that we are watching now look different.
       | 
       | >There's the realer than real universe, alright, and all the
       | characters inhabit that one. But then there's this movie
       | universe. And so From Dusk Till Dawn, Kill Bill, they all take
       | place in this special movie universe. So basically when the
       | characters of Reservoir Dogs or Pulp Fiction, when they go to the
       | movies, Kill Bill is what they go to see. From Dusk Till Dawn is
       | what they see. [1]
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/movies/news/a41379/que...
        
         | ryantgtg wrote:
         | Vox wrote about this recently
         | https://www.vox.com/platform/amp/culture/22840526/colors-mov...
        
       | frankfrankfrank wrote:
       | I think this is an instance of the symptoms being mistaken for
       | the disease. CGI did not ruin movies, it was the demand for
       | shallow, detached, visual excess that has pushed aside story
       | telling altogether in favor of cheap tricks.
       | 
       | There are still good stories, but they make nothing like the
       | movies with big explosions and apocalyptic visions ... insert
       | Michael Bay joke here ..., but it's really also just a set of
       | people taking advantage of and serving a systemic, cultural, and
       | civilizational degradation and contraction, or even possibly an
       | implosion. Michael Bay got rich/famous off spamming explosions
       | because that appealed to the masses. People of the past would
       | have likely found all these movies today extremely boring and
       | repetitive, because they are. For example, I can recall exactly
       | one movie I have ever seen that was not a "all ends well" ending.
       | Essentially every single movie today is guaranteed to end a
       | single way. There are no tragedies anymore, it's essentially all
       | comedies (in the classical, not the modern sense), it's this
       | weird mental drug that has been created that feeds only
       | endorphins. It's boring and stunting.
       | 
       | Just like movies did not ruin books, CGI did not ruin movies.
       | They are merely phases on a clear degradation of our society and
       | civilization where the people keep making poorer and poorer
       | decisions. It's really not any different than the negative
       | feedback loop of weight gain; more weight, means less likely to
       | work out, which leads to physiological changes that make
       | overeating more likely and has a negative impact on mental state,
       | which acts as barrier to engaging in rigorous physical activity
       | ... which starts the cycle over.
       | 
       | "CGI ruined movies" because our society has been getting mentally
       | less healthy and our standards, expectations, discipline, and
       | principles have been dropping like rocks. It's the symptom, not
       | the cause.
        
       | OscarCunningham wrote:
       | Reminds me of the project that used convolutional networks to
       | make artificial images look more realistic by mapping the style
       | of real images onto them [0]. Just slap that on top of your CGI
       | and call it a day.
       | 
       | [0] https://isl-org.github.io/PhotorealismEnhancement/
        
       | arduinomancer wrote:
       | > Yet despite his best efforts, I cannot help but notice that
       | digital post-processing seems to have ruined Villeuneve's more
       | realistic vision
       | 
       | I get the criticism of bad/overused CGI these days but the post-
       | processing of Dune is a really bad example here.
       | 
       | I'm a big fan of both movies but the post effect on Dune is
       | clearly an artistic choice that makes it look more dramatic and
       | dreamy.
       | 
       | If it looked like Lawrence of Arabia it would totally change the
       | vibe of the movie.
       | 
       | Why would I want it to look like it took place on Earth?
        
       | JaggerFoo wrote:
       | The biggest problem I have with CGI is that the speed of motion
       | does not match what is physically possible - especially in
       | superhero movies. It's like the motion you get when watching
       | "Family Guy" stunts.
       | 
       | One interesting comparison, I would like to read about, would be
       | between "Blade Runner" and "Blade Runner 2049". The original used
       | models and moved cameras around the models for effect, whereas
       | the sequel, I'm sure, used CGI but to good effect. I'm a fan of
       | both movies.
       | 
       | Cheers
        
       | nicce wrote:
       | I still find original Alien movies as the most impressing movies
       | on effect side. Or old Star Wars movies.
       | 
       | Even the old Dunes movie managed to make one.
       | 
       | New CGI movies just feels so fake. Some feeling is totally
       | missing.
        
         | eigenvalue wrote:
         | I just watched Alien again recently and had the same thought.
         | It looks infinitely better and more realistic than anything
         | made in the last few years. We should go back to using models
         | and miniatures and restrict the computer to things like
         | automated camera control.
        
           | lovehashbrowns wrote:
           | Why would we stop progress on a technology just because it's
           | not perfect? Particularly on something as subjective as this.
           | This attitude is prevalent in some of the weirdest fields but
           | oddly enough I don't see anyone saying we should stop flight
           | because the leg room in modern planes isn't great.
           | 
           | Although I'm curious what your thoughts would've been had you
           | been around to see the Wright brothers on their first flight.
           | Or the first cell phone that came in a suitcase. Or the first
           | camera that was just a photo sensitive plate and a hole for a
           | lens.
           | 
           | How would any of this had been improved if people just gave
           | up the second they realized something about the technology
           | wasn't perfect?
        
             | nicce wrote:
             | Hmph. Isn't CGI just different path? We could have improved
             | miniatures as well. Maybe technology to produce them or use
             | with CGI. It is not so binary. Computers are no the only
             | technology we know.
        
         | hypertele-Xii wrote:
         | Cheap, but technically well-executed. A kind of economic
         | uncanny valley.
        
         | grogenaut wrote:
         | I will note you are picking some of the best effects movies of
         | all time and comparing them with everything else.
         | 
         | On the other hand compare "The Expanse" (Prime Video) with B
         | movies of the Alien era, and the level of story telling they
         | are able to do in a long form TV show. Then compare TV shows of
         | the Alien era. The story telling there is much aided by CGI.
         | Tho that show uses a good mix of practical and fake. Lots of
         | small sets for ships, lots of fake displays. Many fantastical
         | worlds that they can pump out with CG.
        
           | nicce wrote:
           | It is also worthy to note , that comparisons are made for
           | Marvel movies or other very high budget movies.
           | 
           | I would put Alien above all of them.
           | 
           | High budget movies could still use same techniques in these
           | days but they aren't.
        
             | monocasa wrote:
             | Alien's horror genre gets away with not actually showing
             | that much in order to build suspense. Few genres are
             | afforded that luxury, particularly not super hero movies. I
             | don't see many people citing Superman 2 as the kinds of
             | effects we should go back to.
        
               | nicce wrote:
               | There are planets, spaceships, big buildings and so on
               | for creating the atmosphere. CGI is used to create those
               | in these days as well.
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | And those aren't the points that people generally point
               | to as failures of CGI. You can have goofy CGI with those,
               | but you can definitely have goofy looking practical
               | effects with elements too.
        
             | grogenaut wrote:
             | Nothing in my comment disagreed with your point. I agree,
             | the practical effects in much of Alien are great, and
             | better than CG for those things.
        
         | Zircom wrote:
         | Really? The little xenomorph skittering off after it burst out
         | from the chest literally made me laugh out loud with how silly
         | it looked, it was so incredibly stiff and fake.
        
           | nicce wrote:
           | There are of course some minor problems, but the overall
           | environment creates so "real" feeling. It is not perfect, but
           | somehow it makes one to believe this could be real. I don't
           | really know how to describe that. It is missing from the
           | modern CGI movies.
        
           | open-source-ux wrote:
           | That example of practical effects looked quite stiff and fake
           | like you said. But practical effects also continued to
           | improve over the years even though CGI came to dominate the
           | film industry.
           | 
           |  _Alien_ was released in 1979, but a few years later saw the
           | release of _An American Werewolf in London_ (1981) which
           | featured a memorable werewolf transformation (all practictal
           | effects). Then in 1982 saw the release of _The Thing_ which
           | took practical effects a notch higher.
           | 
           | Also, today filmmakers sometimes use a hybrid approach:
           | combining practical and digital effects.
           | 
           | I do wonder how much further practical effects would have
           | developed if CGI haven't overtook the film industry.
        
       | a1pulley wrote:
       | > I think there's a genuine mystery to be explained here: if
       | people prefer traditional architecture by a large margin, how
       | come we've stopped producing it?
       | 
       | It takes time--decades, perhaps centuries--to develop the
       | techniques and traditions that produce beautiful architecture.
       | When new materials like glass, steel, and plastic become the de
       | facto standards in construction in a relatively short period of
       | time, we can expect construction to be ugly or unrefined as we
       | discover those techniques and establish those traditions.
        
       | KaiserPro wrote:
       | The author, is at best misguided, or worse lying.
       | 
       | yes, "CGI" movies are dire. Not because of the CGI, but because
       | they lack story and vision.
       | 
       | Let us look at the main thrust of the argument: CGI movies feel
       | fake.
       | 
       | This is patently false. Did you know that the Great Gatsby(2013)
       | has a fucktonne of CGI in it? https://www.redsharknews.com/post-
       | vfx/item/859-the-great-gat...
       | 
       | same with wolf of all street: https://youtu.be/2D7MqlNWUEs?t=137
       | 
       | more modern version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9HzQKsgNt70
       | 
       | CGI is there for set extensions, and is really common. Its often
       | cheaper to do a virtual set extension, than it is to build it for
       | real.
       | 
       | In short, the author is pining for the "good old days" which were
       | never there. Yes, there are some standout films that look great
       | from the last 60 years. But we are forgetting the sheer amount of
       | dross.
       | 
       | Of _course_ lawrence of arabia is gorgeous, its shot in
       | technicolor with a fucking massive budget. Its an adventure
       | movie, like jumanji its going to have bright colours.
       | 
       | Dune is dystopian rebel movies, about complex and grubby power
       | struggles. Just as it always rains when the main character is
       | sad, or there is a storm when things go wrong, colour is a tool
       | to signpost emotion.
       | 
       | The author is a typical film theory fan, all talk and no
       | experience.
       | 
       | TLDR: the author is comparing the cream of 50 years of film to
       | generic movies of today. Asserting things that are demonstrably
       | untrue, as 95% of all big budget films have digital set
       | extensions and other CGI elements.
        
       | Apocryphon wrote:
       | I was on the side of modern music against autotune critics in the
       | last thread, and find myself against the pro-CGI "modern movies
       | are fine" narrative in this one, interesting.
       | 
       | For me it feels like visual effects set the bar higher for
       | greater spectacle. It's more easily to be jaded by spectacular
       | effects and to become accustomed to them. (I'm also pickier
       | towards films, often imagining how imagery could have looked
       | better or the story could have been told different.) It also
       | feels like we're in an era where many Hollywood films can easily
       | have access to great cinematography, stunning aerial shots of
       | natural vista, etc.- and then it just ends up looking like Mac
       | wallpapers. So many films can have that National Geographic
       | documentary look, even arthouse pictures like say _The Green
       | Knight_. Is it just easier to film on location than it used to
       | be?
        
       | wvenable wrote:
       | Everything has CGI from the most average TV show to biggest
       | blockbuster and, for a lot of it, you don't even notice. What
       | people complain about is the CGI that they do notice.
       | 
       | I think the issue is not, so much, that there is too much CGI.
       | It's that a lot of movies are effectively hybrid live action and
       | animated movies. And the animated parts tend to be way over the
       | top to the point of being boring.
       | 
       | In Black Widow, the big 3rd act CGI explosion-fest was all
       | planned out before the director even got involved with the movie.
        
       | mancerayder wrote:
       | Is CGI considered an automation that reduces overall production
       | cost?
       | 
       | I am not sure whether it is or not, but I wonder if it has become
       | much cheaper over time. I remember a time when CGI in movies was
       | a thing of wonder, at least it was to me in the 90's.
       | 
       | Nowadays I definitely see the Blah-ness of it. But that said I
       | find action movies extremely boring and unrealistic, so I'm out
       | of the loop.
        
       | ladyattis wrote:
       | There's good digital effects and bad digital effects. Sadly, most
       | digital effects are in the bad category. Compare say
       | Pleasantville's use of digital color changes over time to make
       | the story come alive with the changes the main characters
       | experience. It really sells the story properly without looking
       | out of place. Whereas stuff like what's listed from Justice
       | League and The Force Awakens fails because they don't fit well
       | with the story. Like Cyborg wouldn't need to be a CGI overladen
       | presentation if they did subtle practical effects backed up with
       | equally subtle digital effects. Steppenwolf is a whole separate
       | problem of visualizing the character. Making him completely CGI
       | was a mistake. For The Force Awakens, the same issue is apparent
       | with Maz Kanata in that she should've been partially a practical
       | effect prop such as what John Favreau did with Baby Yoda on the
       | Mandolorian and then augment the practical side with digital
       | effects to make it pop.
       | 
       | Also, I'll say that there's one area that digital effects beat
       | out old ones: matte paintings. Digital matte paintings are far
       | better than what came before and allow for greater degree of
       | flexibility for shots. But they've been abused for replacing
       | location shoots for them entirely.
       | 
       | Edit: I would also put Joseph Kosinski's Oblivion in the list of
       | good digital and practical effects blending along with some
       | location shots. It's really one of those things that once you
       | notice who does it better you begin to realize that CGI and green
       | screen alone isn't sufficient. You have to mix all the methods
       | together (practical, digital, matte, etc) to achieve the look
       | you're after rather than pretending someone using a 3d modeling
       | tool can magically whip up the look in post-production.
        
       | pwdisswordfish9 wrote:
       | Don't worry, WSGI to the rescue
        
       | Someone1234 wrote:
       | People who say they don't like makeup, are often _really_ just
       | saying they don 't like makeup they notice. Same is true with
       | CGI.
       | 
       | CGI is actually everywhere and often goes unnoticed, unless it is
       | _bad_. I point to set-extensions as a perfect example of
       | invisible CGI done well:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=47IIj-hws7g
        
         | lkramer wrote:
         | I think this is correct, but it's also what the article says
         | between the lines.
         | 
         | A problem with a lot of movies these days is that they got this
         | great new toy, CGI, and then they don't when to stop. Whether
         | the CGI is good or bad, perhaps because you don't have to work
         | around limitation you follow the formula that whenever you want
         | to add some action or don't know what to say, or don't know how
         | to get the main protagonist out of a sticky situtation, you
         | just add a bunch of CGI, and solve it that way. It ends up
         | spilling into lazy storytelling and lazy film making in
         | general, as opposed to when you had to work along side
         | limitations to tell a story.
         | 
         | I think to me this seems most evident in the Star Wars films,
         | where as technology progressed, the lack of imagination in the
         | creators when not forced became increasingly evident.
        
           | CyberDildonics wrote:
           | There are a lot of bad uninformed takes in this thread, but I
           | think this is the worst of them all.
           | 
           | First, CG has been part of films for more than 25 years now
           | and it isn't a "great new toy".
           | 
           | More than that though, movies just aren't made like this.
           | People don't go out with a camera and try to make something
           | sequentially, they are planned from start to finish and
           | refined for years before actual production.
        
             | greedo wrote:
             | I remember watching Terminator 2 when I was in film school
             | (1991). It was shot in 1990, and the tech for the T1000
             | seemed incredible. Then a friend showed me how much CGI was
             | used to clean up simple stuff that you would never have
             | thought of. Watch the T800 (Arnold/Stuntrider) jump his
             | Harley into the river bed. That was wire work cleaned up
             | via CGI. Not really necessary, they could have shot a diff
             | angle to hide it, but that's a tell as well. Movies since
             | then have always used low-key FX and CGI for this type of
             | journeyman stuff.
             | 
             | The thing that makes this great is that it increases a
             | movie's verisimilitude. Your shots don't need to mask or
             | hide things. They can be more organic and real.
        
             | lkramer wrote:
             | In all honesty, I think you're right. But I do feel
             | something has happened. I definitely enjoy new blockbuster
             | films a lot less then older ones. I still think fantastic
             | films are made, but they are usually more independent films
             | on smaller budgets, and some of them do have CGI, also
             | obviously so, but it seldom matter.
             | 
             | Is it a problem with how the modern film industry puts
             | together movie? I don't know.
        
         | daveslash wrote:
         | I agree with this. I agree with the author of the post that
         | there is something _wonderfully authentic_ about movies with
         | PFX before the rise of CGI, but then again I am noticing a lot
         | of CGI; most of my family can 't stop gushing about how
         | _unbelievably real_ most modern movies look ~ they 're _not_
         | seeing the CGI.
         | 
         | They also _love_ the Soap Opera Affect [1] of modern TVs, which
         | I _can 't stand_.
         | 
         | So while I agree with the post's author, I think my agreement
         | is one of a matter of personal preference, not objective
         | evaluation. Side note: As a nice "stay at home" hobby during
         | the pandemic, I've gotten really into film photography;
         | shooting it, developing it at home, learning as much as I can
         | about the history and science of it ~ one consequence is that I
         | view older movies shot on film in a completely different light
         | now (no pun intended).
         | 
         | [1] https://www.digitaltrends.com/home-theater/what-is-the-
         | soap-...
         | 
         | Edit: Spelling, and to say that "my family" is both older and
         | younger, so I don't think it's a generational thing, per se.
        
       | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
       | One thing that bothers me about a lot of new movies and TV shows
       | is that the actors just _look_ digitally inserted. Even when it's
       | a static shot and there's no interaction with the background, it
       | just looks wrong. I'm not sure how I identify it, but I suspect
       | it has something to do with the way the actors are lit. I
       | remember watching a Marvel movie where all the heroes were shown
       | as a group at the end and I felt like I was looking at a high
       | school yearbook because it seemed like they weren't all present
       | in the same space. The production values are high for a movie
       | like that and you'd think they'd be using state of the art
       | techniques.
        
       | octokatt wrote:
       | A part of this that's missing is the effects of HD filming on
       | practical effects.
       | 
       | Back in ye old days of the 90's, props didn't need to be super
       | good looking unless there was a close-up. Now in the days of 4k,
       | every prop needs to look gorgeous or the suspension of disbelief
       | gets pinged. Same reason why you have people going through the
       | Marvel weightlifting program and shaving _everything_.
       | 
       | The increase in film detail happened from the same technological
       | push that made CGI. Now folk are trying to figure out what to do
       | with this hugely different film-making world, and you can see the
       | cracks.
       | 
       | That said, I agree with a lot of the author's ideas, particularly
       | about Dune.
        
         | frazbin wrote:
         | This only for TV though, right? Film was high resolution from
         | the beginning.
        
           | CyberDildonics wrote:
           | 35mm film comes out to about the same sharpness as a 1.5k CG
           | image. Even with the best lenses and scanning, 35mm scanned
           | at any resolution still doesn't get sharper than a crisp 1.5k
           | upscaled to be at the same resolution. Even middle of the
           | road RED cameras have exceeded large format film in their
           | sharpness and sensitivity.
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | Not quite. They once did a measurement of the effective
           | resolution of actual analog movie theaters (sometime in the
           | 2000's IIRC), and the result was in the ballpark of 720p, so
           | halfway between (anamorphic) DVD and Blu-ray.
        
         | gigaflop wrote:
         | Ah, like when Kumail suddenly sprouted muscles after he signed
         | on for an MCU movie? Sipping on that 'Hero Juice'?
        
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