[HN Gopher] North Korean internet downed by suspected cyber attacks
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       North Korean internet downed by suspected cyber attacks
        
       Author : caaqil
       Score  : 91 points
       Date   : 2022-01-26 15:38 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.reuters.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.reuters.com)
        
       | Ostrogodsky wrote:
       | Stop it with the paywalled articles.
        
         | Crosseye_Jack wrote:
         | Not extactly paywalled. There is a soft article limit when not
         | logged in, delete local storage to renew that limit.
        
           | hirako2000 wrote:
           | how convenient.
        
       | bagacrap wrote:
       | why is the assumption a ddos (external?) as opposed to some
       | internal cause such as incompetence or power loss
        
         | ivanbakel wrote:
         | This is answered in the last sentence of the post:
         | 
         | >During the incidents, operational degradation would build up
         | first with network timeouts, then individual servers going
         | offline and then their key routers dropping off the internet,
         | Ali said. "This indicates to me that this is the result of some
         | form of network stress rather than something like a power cut."
        
           | Frost1x wrote:
           | That doesn't rule out internal incompetence and/or just
           | dealing with network infrastructure complexity.
           | 
           | Remember not too long ago when AWS and Facebook were down for
           | a fairly significant time period? I'd hardly call either org
           | technically incompetent, and it's probably safe to say that
           | either org has as much (if not significantly more) technical
           | staff and capability onboard than a small nation state like
           | North Korea ( _especially_ North Korea).
           | 
           | While it's certainly possible external nation state cyber
           | attacks are going on (who knows with the confusing
           | Russia/Ukraine shenanigans going on), I wouldn't be quick to
           | rule out simple technical issues and/or incompetence without
           | a bit more evidence.
        
             | hirako2000 wrote:
             | it's actually safe to say that aws or Facebook has more
             | competency on-board than all small nation states together,
             | and probably more than the sum of the top nation states.
             | 
             | btw internet is also down right now in other places such as
             | small nation States in Africa. i guess there is no
             | meaningful geopolitics into play so it doesn't make the
             | news.
        
           | hamiltonians wrote:
           | the answer is always in the article unless explicitly stated
           | otherwise
        
           | harles wrote:
           | Network stress can easily be unintentional. This seems to be
           | a common factor in major outages at FAANGs. Something gets
           | overloaded, fails over to another system that's then
           | overloaded, leading to cascading failures.
           | 
           | There's a big chance this is an attack, but it's good to have
           | an open mind.
        
             | bravetraveler wrote:
             | Heck, one can stress a network by plugging a cable into the
             | very same switch it comes from!
             | 
             | Or... a bad BGP announcement leading to misrouting, the
             | possibilities are endless. Guessing from the outside is
             | exactly that
        
       | NelsonMinar wrote:
       | NK News has more details and some speculation about possible
       | attackers: https://www.nknews.org/2022/01/north-korea-kicked-off-
       | intern...
        
         | A_No_Name_Mouse wrote:
         | Some speculation but "Right now, there is really no way of
         | knowing who is behind North Korea's current internet outages,"
        
       | perihelions wrote:
       | Extremely dangerous to attack North Korea's civilian
       | communications, which are largely the same as their military's.
       | Depending on the impact, it could confuse leadership into
       | thinking a decapitation strike is underway.
       | 
       | edit: A specific example I was thinking of is the DPRK's civilian
       | cell phone network, Koryolink (particularly this subsection under
       | "Nuclear Crisis Communications"):
       | 
       | > _" If North Korean leaders rely on the country's cellular
       | network for crisis communications, there is a real chance of
       | interruptions in network service during a crisis, and they might
       | be misinterpreted as a cyberattack against North Korea's nuclear
       | forces. While North Korean "special users" have their own
       | dedicated channel, it appears to operate on the same network
       | infrastructure, using the same towers and the same base
       | stations."_
       | 
       | https://www.nti.org/analysis/articles/does-kim-jong-uns-phon...
        
         | numpad0 wrote:
         | But how is the state of communication infrastructure of NK? I
         | had impression that they have not transitioned to the model
         | that every individuals can be addressed by a personal phone
         | number.
        
           | perihelions wrote:
           | Here's a 2015 view of their 3G cell network (Koryolink), by a
           | foreign technician who helped build it:
           | 
           | https://www.nknews.org/2015/08/inside-north-koreas-cell-
           | netw...
           | 
           | He claims they had 1.9 million cell users as of ~2012 (out of
           | a population of 26 million?)
        
           | unchocked wrote:
           | Hard to say, but you'd think there are landlines to the
           | nukes.
        
           | treme wrote:
           | Cellphone privileges' given to 7M~ users apparently.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mF6X5LNBnrs
        
         | tasha0663 wrote:
         | Not an expert, but I have a gut feeling NK doesn't lean too
         | heavily into an internet-dependent infrastructure.
        
       | stickfigure wrote:
       | Totally wild speculation: NK is assisting Russia with cyber
       | warfare leading up to the imminent Ukraine invasion, and someone
       | in "the west" is taking them offline to reduce the effectiveness.
        
       | UncleOxidant wrote:
       | Are we talking about dozens of people effected? I suspect the
       | vast majority of North Koreans can't access the internet.
        
         | anon_123g987 wrote:
         | It's true that most North Koreans can't access the real, global
         | internet, but they have an intranet
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwangmyong_(network)), which may
         | be used more, and who knows how is that affected now.
        
       | bitwize wrote:
       | Given NK's propensity to launch state-supported cyber attacks,
       | this looks to me like a case of "play stupid games, win stupid
       | prizes".
        
       | iso8859-1 wrote:
       | I thought the internet would route around failures. Why does that
       | not apply to North Korea?
        
         | user-the-name wrote:
         | Has it ever actually done that?
        
           | jaywalk wrote:
           | Literally all day, every day.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | bravetraveler wrote:
           | Pretty much constantly [edit: for those who take the time to
           | implement], a common approach is called anycast.
           | 
           | You essentially announce your address at two (or more)
           | geographically distinct places, and BGP routing 'magic' can
           | get you to the closest (or sometimes only responsive) one
        
         | woodruffw wrote:
         | The Internet is "failure-resistant" in the senses that (1)
         | individual networks going down don't take down the entire
         | Internet, and (2) networks that peer with other networks can
         | still be routed to _so long as at least one route_ is still
         | online.
         | 
         | North Korea's failure demonstrates both of these properties:
         | the Internet is still online, and the routing failure has
         | manifested because _all_ of their peering routes are down.
        
           | hirako2000 wrote:
           | and the aws/Facebook recent cases demonstrate that the
           | Internet is slowly loosing that property. People called me up
           | and asked me why the Internet was broken. they normally use
           | apps to communicate, but they thought the Internet was
           | entirely down...
        
         | Fordec wrote:
         | It routes around failures, the timelines for delivery are not
         | promised though.
        
         | a_t48 wrote:
         | I'm not so sure this applies with centralized
         | tracking/filtering.
        
         | theandrewbailey wrote:
         | North Korea is poorly connected to the rest of the internet, by
         | their own design. I know that a few years ago, there was only
         | one link to the outside; not sure if that's changed, but I have
         | no reason to think that it would have.
        
           | RL_Quine wrote:
           | https://bgpview.io/asn/131279#upstreams-v4
           | 
           | https://bgp.he.net/AS131279#_graph4
           | 
           | They have two peers, AS134544 in CN and AS20485 in RU.
        
             | c0nsumer wrote:
             | Am I seeing that right in that .nk only has four /24s?
        
               | hhh wrote:
               | Yes.
               | 
               | If I recall correctly from when I used to follow NK
               | related news, there's enough coverage from a subset of
               | Chinese satellites from satellite ISPs that there _could_
               | be viable connections made there. No way to say if they
               | are being used for this or not, though.
        
               | RL_Quine wrote:
               | All four announced prefixes are part of 175.45.176.0/22,
               | for a total of 1024 IPv4 addresses.
        
               | c0nsumer wrote:
               | Yep, that's... just not a lot.
        
               | RL_Quine wrote:
               | For a period of time the entire of Qatar used a single IP
               | address for all browsing traffic.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:82.148.97.69
        
         | Jtsummers wrote:
         | The ability to route around failures is predicated on having a
         | sufficiently high degree of interconnectedness. Even your home
         | network won't magic up a new connection if someone decides to
         | cut your cable line. NK's network is poorly connected to the
         | rest of the Internet, and so there is limited ability to "route
         | around failure".
        
           | jaywalk wrote:
           | > Even your home network won't magic up a new connection if
           | someone decides to cut your cable line.
           | 
           | Well then wtf am I paying for this LTE backup connection for?
           | 
           | (joking, of course)
        
         | brimble wrote:
         | If you _are_ the failure, no, it does not.
         | 
         | [EDIT] I immediately saw that that could be read as a swipe at
         | NK, which wasn't how it was intended. Just that if you're on
         | the _wrong side_ of a failure, you 're not gonna be able to
         | "route around the failure".
        
       | tasha0663 wrote:
       | > An illustration picture shows a projection of binary code on a
       | man holding a laptop computer, in an office in Warsaw June 24,
       | 2013
       | 
       | That's not at all what I imagined Warsaw looking like.
        
         | MisterTea wrote:
         | It's because the Warsaw you know is on the other side of the
         | screen.
        
         | anon_123g987 wrote:
         | You get used to it. I don't even see the code. All I see is
         | blonde, brunette, redhead.
        
         | MCneill27 wrote:
         | "I know this kielbasa doesn't exist. I know that when I put it
         | in my mouth, the Matryca is telling my brain that it is juicy
         | and delicious. After nine years, you know what I realize?
         | Ignorance is bliss."
        
         | abledon wrote:
         | That's why so many esports tournaments are held there
        
         | kingcharles wrote:
         | There is no Warsaw.
        
       | mracette wrote:
        
       | counternotions wrote:
       | > Junade Ali, a cybersecurity researcher in Britain who monitors
       | a range of different North Korean web and email servers
       | 
       | How would a researcher keep tabs on NK infrastructure like this?
       | Would it be pinging known IPs for uptime?
        
         | YXNjaGVyZWdlbgo wrote:
         | How would you do it for non NK infrastructure? The answer is
         | the same well except scanning NK IP ranges doesn't take that
         | long.
        
           | counternotions wrote:
           | Got it. Out of curiosity tried checking Shodan, and for the
           | NK assigned IP range `175.45.176.0/22` it shows 35 live
           | services:
           | https://www.shodan.io/search?query=net%3A175.45.176.0%2F22
           | 
           | Apache httpd 4 Postfix smtpd 4 nginx 4 Cisco IOS http config
           | 1 Cisco router telnetd 1 MS-SQL Server 1 Microsoft IIS httpd
           | 1
        
       | crmd wrote:
       | > websites on North Korean web domains were largely unreachable
       | because North Korea's Domain Name System (DNS) stopped
       | communicating the routes that data packets should take.
       | 
       | BGP, not DNS, communicates routes. If Reuters is getting basic IT
       | factchecking wrong, I wonder how many errors are in articles
       | about topics I know nothing about.
        
         | bastardoperator wrote:
         | I do DNS routing in my closed/fixed network. I don't assume NK
         | is that different. You can see the BGP statistics here:
         | 
         | https://stat.ripe.net/app/launchpad/S1_KP_C32C23C5C26C8
         | 
         | and
         | 
         | https://bgp.he.net/AS131279
         | 
         | Not a lot of BGP happening here if we're trusting the data.
         | It's also worth noting that they're paraphrasing another outlet
         | (Seoul-based NK Pro, a news site that monitors North Korea).
         | 
         | Also: https://github.com/mandatoryprogrammer/NorthKoreaDNSLeak
         | 
         | Based on limited data I think the report could very well be
         | accurate.
        
         | cronix wrote:
         | > In a speech in 2002, Crichton coined the term Gell-Mann
         | amnesia effect, after physicist Murray Gell-Mann. He used this
         | term to describe the phenomenon of experts believing news
         | articles on topics outside of their fields of expertise, even
         | after acknowledging that articles written in the same
         | publication that are within the experts' fields of expertise
         | are error-ridden and full of misunderstanding
         | 
         | https://theportal.wiki/wiki/The_Gell-Mann_Amnesia_Effect
        
         | stjohnswarts wrote:
         | None of that matters to a layperson, they just need to know N
         | Korean internet was shut down for a bit. It's a trivial bit of
         | infomration that maybe 1 in 1000 reporters actually knows there
         | is a difference between BGP and DNS. It's unimportant and not
         | worth acting like all mainstream media is falling apart like
         | the people who watch Fox News want to think.
        
           | hirako2000 wrote:
           | which mainstream media isn't falling apart?
        
         | djbusby wrote:
         | Most journalism gets these things wrong - not just tech. Old
         | trucks, bread, farming. Any subject you are educated on you'll
         | notice that the "news" is fundamentally broken. Think about
         | that the next time you're getting some news. That same reporter
         | banged up the BGP/DNS on this one, that truck is from before
         | posi-traction, the Model-B was the big deal tractor...flaws of
         | communication about complex systems
        
           | crmd wrote:
           | What kind of things does journalism consistently get right,
           | then?
           | 
           | This is as sloppy as writing "the DNA is the powerhouse of
           | the cell" and no one noticing.
        
             | johnebgd wrote:
             | Journalism is basically a dead profession. People writing
             | celebrity gossip bring in more ad revenue than journalists.
             | 
             | Society is not setup to reward educated professionals who
             | report on complex topics.
        
               | hirako2000 wrote:
               | it was setup to reward them not so long ago in those
               | media outlets. journalism has moved elsewhere, it still
               | exists, made by people who do it for the reward and
               | others for alternative reasons, simply not in those kind
               | of outlets which have mostly become ads pipes.
        
         | jstarfish wrote:
         | If you've ever been the subject of a Krebs article, you'll be
         | more disappointed to learn how wrong even the experts can be.
        
         | mysterydip wrote:
         | I think they're attempting to paraphrase (or it's how they were
         | told) DNS converts a hostname to an IP so the packets can reach
         | it. In doing so, they lost people who know what all the terms
         | mean.
        
         | spinny wrote:
         | Congratulations you have realized that most of the new is bs
         | and most of the people that read it don't even realize it.
         | 
         | Achievement unlocked
        
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