[HN Gopher] Alabama farmer sues John Deere for 'right to repair'
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       Alabama farmer sues John Deere for 'right to repair'
        
       Author : SQL2219
       Score  : 200 points
       Date   : 2022-01-23 19:10 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.al.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.al.com)
        
       | jbkiv wrote:
       | This has become a general problem. There seems to be more money
       | in "software services" than in building tractors and motors.
       | 
       | John Deere is not unique. All common rail engines require a visit
       | from a "certified engineer" who has access to the software. This
       | is terrible in the marine industry where you can't get one in the
       | middle of the ocean and you can't repair yourself either. What do
       | you do? Do you sail to a harbor? You can't unless you have a
       | sailboat. Get a tow to the nearest Volvo/Yanmar dealer? You must
       | be kidding, thousand of miles away?
       | 
       | So yes, that lawsuit makes sense.
       | 
       | As for a class action lawsuit some of the comments in the thread
       | misunderstand how it works: 1. Secure one or two plaintiffs. Two
       | or three is better. Make sure they represent owners well: no
       | conflicts, not paid to sue, good/clean plaintiffs. 2. Find the
       | right location for the lawsuit. Location is very important in the
       | US. Not only the state but the county. This is VERY important.
       | Good plaintiff lawyers know where to sue. 3. Get your judge to
       | certify the class action. "this lawsuit is on behalf of all users
       | of John Deere tractors, etc". This is ALSO very important. John
       | Deere will fight that. They will claim that those two plaintiffs
       | do not represent the class, blabla. 4. Fight in court. Other
       | plaintiffs have nothing to do. If the class action lawsuit wins
       | on behalf of thousands of owners this represents a lot of money.
       | It costs nothing to plaintiffs. Lawyers typically get 30%,
       | sometimes less. If they are too greedy (they all are) the judge
       | may object and cut down the fees. 5. Users can "opt out" of the
       | payment if John Deere loses in court after appeals. Most
       | plaintiffs do not opt out because they can't afford to fight big
       | corporations.
       | 
       | Unfortunately corporations are not always fair. We have seen
       | many, many cases when poor farmer John just could not pay the
       | exorbitant costs imposed by John Deere. Understand that these
       | people have learned to be self-sufficient. They weld their broken
       | massive tools in the field. They call the mobile repair shop to
       | fix and tune their engines. Now they can't do anything. That
       | massive, expensive John Deer is like a beached whale. Nothing you
       | can do about it.
       | 
       | Hence class action lawsuits in the US. Some of them are abusive
       | (i.e.recent att phone bills, 100M customers collect $1, lawyers
       | collect $30M), but sometimes there are no other ways (asbestos,
       | workplace injuries, brain damage near chemical waste from
       | mining). Folks outside the US struggle to understand the system.
       | 
       | It is why today you can enjoy Non-Apple store repairs to your
       | phone, non OEM parts for your car or non branded cartridges for
       | your printer.
       | 
       | I wish that such a lawsuit will force John Deere to change its
       | practices, like it forced other companies to do so.
        
         | aaron_m04 wrote:
         | Can't John Deere just have customers sign away their right to
         | sue or be party to a class action? They could make that a
         | requirement for new customers or customers seeking repairs.
        
           | jbkiv wrote:
           | They can. Up to a point. If you push too much one day you
           | will face a jury composed of normal people. We have
           | experienced that in some states with non compete agreements.
           | It got to the point that you could no longer work anywhere
           | else. Sometimes the company would make you sign documents
           | saying that they owned the IP you were creating AFTER your
           | departure. Don't push too hard because at one point you will
           | that jury of normal people. And they will make their mind
           | very quickly.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | What about after the tractor is sold to someone else?
           | 
           | The EPA also doesn't like the idea of people making things
           | not pass emissions.
        
         | verisimi wrote:
         | I get what you are saying.... that we can use the law to gain
         | the right to repair.
         | 
         | But step back - how is any of that morally right? Why should
         | people have to fight corporation in court to get a basic right
         | to repair the thing they bought? Its insane!
         | 
         | Surely, if there was any sense to this, the presumption would
         | be in favour of the purchaser by default! Regardless of any
         | service contract or other legal agreement. That it should be
         | for the corporation to argue in court that there are some
         | special circumstances that mean that default ruling does not
         | apply, even though you bought (not rented) their product.
         | 
         | The fact it is this way round tells you all you need to know.
         | At best, the consumer can waste time (10 years?) and money
         | (lots) to hopefully (but perhaps not) prove the obvious case.
         | OTOH, there is no incentive for the corporation not to try the
         | dirtiest most unfriendly tactics they think they can get away
         | with. Esp. if they have a near monopoly in their domain (eg
         | John Deere).
         | 
         | For this reason and others, I see governance and law as
         | captured entities - they are captured by corporations and we
         | the consumers are there to have our wealth extracted from while
         | retaining very few rights. Frankly, it is neo-feudalism. Or
         | fascism (corporate+government together).
        
           | iamstupidsimple wrote:
           | Stallman and FSF predicted this decades ago, but they failed
           | to foresee not many people really care about being able to
           | control their computers as much as big expensive hardware
           | purchases like vehicles. DRM and general lack of free-
           | software rights is the root-cause.
        
           | jbkiv wrote:
           | I agree with you say verisimi. Pretty sad. As much as I hate
           | trial lawyers, as of today we would not be better off without
           | them. Bad corporations will squeeze money out of you as much
           | as they can.
        
       | tempnow987 wrote:
       | Some ideas:
       | 
       | If folks actually value "right to repair" support companies that
       | offer right to repair.
       | 
       | If no tractor company exists that offer the type of open setup
       | you want and you think this is critical - start a company up and
       | take out Deere and others.
       | 
       | Deere's views on software changes by users in the field is pretty
       | darn clear.
       | 
       | My own view - having watched individuals and dealers etc "tune"
       | trucks etc (with all the endless problems involved) - is that for
       | something like a 10,000 part count + heavy piece of equipment -
       | Deere is going to want to keep stuff locked up tight to preserve
       | brand value. Apple has done this with iphones, and the resale
       | value after 5 years on an iphone is incredible compared to
       | players pushing out android phones.
        
         | eesmith wrote:
         | It was easier to pass an automotive right to repair passed in
         | Massachusetts in 2012 than it was to start a successful auto
         | company that could have anywhere near the same impact.
         | 
         | The car companies, threatened by having to comply with
         | different laws in different states, came to an agreement that
         | the car companies would follow the Massachusetts law across the
         | US.
         | 
         | You can watch individuals and dealers etc "tune" trucks now as
         | a direct consequence of that 10 year old law passing.
         | 
         | There's no obligation for the law to preserve brand value when
         | considering an anti-monopoly case. Standard Oil wasn't broken
         | apart because of gung-ho oil companies.
        
         | _dain_ wrote:
         | "don't like it? just build your own X" isn't a solution, it's a
         | sneering dismissal: let them eat cake.
         | 
         | we need regulation. force companies to provide a minimum
         | standard of repairability.
        
           | CamperBob2 wrote:
           | Unfortunately 'regulation' is entirely in Deere's favor,
           | thanks to the USPTO and their habit of allowing companies to
           | claim underlying ideas rather than specific implementations.
           | 
           | E.g., US8874261 mentioned in this article:
           | 
           | https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2015/02/18/john-deere-patents-
           | hyb...
           | 
           | https://patents.google.com/patent/US8874261B2/en?oq=8874261
           | 
           | Claim 1 from that patent:
           | 
           | A method for operating a mobile robot, the method comprising:
           | 
           | - Collecting range data of one or more objects in an
           | environment around the robot;
           | 
           | - Identifying uniquely identifiable ones of the objects as
           | navigation landmarks:
           | 
           | - Storing a reference map of the navigation landmarks based
           | on the collected range data;
           | 
           | - Establishing a list or sequence of way points for the robot
           | to visit, each way point defined with reference to one or
           | more landmarks;
           | 
           | - Reading a message on a tag posted at or near one or more
           | way points; and
           | 
           | - Managing a task based on the read message.
           | 
           | When this claim was granted by the USPTO, John Deere was
           | given exclusive rights to the general _concept_ of robot
           | navigation between waypoiints with the addition of  "reading
           | a message on a tag" and acting accordingly. To the layman
           | this language sounds specific enough, but those skilled in
           | the art (or in possession of an HN user name) will recognize
           | it as Turing equivalence. Indeed, the next few claims make it
           | clear that ownership of the idea of conditional execution of
           | tasks at waypoints is exactly the goal of the patent.
           | 
           | So, good luck building a competing farm implement that
           | actually does anything useful. The "innovators" at Deere have
           | made sure that you can do no such thing for the next 12
           | years.
        
             | ChrisLomont wrote:
             | That's not how patents work. Each claim is not a patented
             | thing. A chain of claims forms the patented thing. There's
             | at least 9 dependent claims hanging on that first one.
        
               | Kon-Peki wrote:
               | Right. It's best to think of the claims in a patent as a
               | set of DAGs (a single patent can contain multiple
               | "inventions"). To infringe, you have to go from a
               | starting node to a connected ending node and
               | implement/match all nodes along the path.
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | The dependency chain flows upward, not downward. Later
               | claims depend on the earlier ones that they reference
               | ("2. The method of claim 1..."), but the presence of
               | claim 2 does not alter the meaning or enforcability of
               | claim 1.
               | 
               | (I should point out that IANAL, so if there are instances
               | in which this isn't strictly correct, it'd be interesting
               | to learn about them. Downvoting without comment doesn't
               | enlighten anyone.)
        
       | Imaiomus wrote:
       | My question is what is wrong with the other brand?
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AGCO
        
         | noselasd wrote:
         | JD may effectively have a monopoly where the farmer lives.
         | You're quite dependent on getting parts, help , knowledge,
         | service, etc. locally with equipment like this.
        
         | markdown wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahindra_Tractors
         | 
         | FTFY.
         | 
         | Seriously though, the point isn't that there are alternatives,
         | but that one should have the right to repair whatever machine
         | they _own_.
        
           | nimbius wrote:
           | disclosure: im a diesel mechanic by trade and Mahindra's are
           | a real treat!!
           | 
           | I absolutely endorse Mahindra but if youre outside TN theyre
           | kinda hard to come by. the tractors are less reliable than
           | more modern western designs but faster and easier to repair
           | by far. new head seals rocker arms valve guide seals and an
           | oil change was 6 hours of labor and i actually started to
           | enjoy it. bolts are over-built for what you need in some
           | cases. the gyrovator has some of the beefiest engine mounts
           | ive come across in a long time (looking at you Western Star)
           | 
           | im sure every one comes with a free "you dont want that" from
           | the usual scumbags at the dealer but if you have an engine
           | lift you can service your own Jivo very easily from tip to
           | tail. the only reason our shop saw one was because the owner
           | couldnt safely work on the engine (gyrovator series) as he
           | was 71 years old.
        
             | userbinator wrote:
             | _less reliable than more modern western designs but faster
             | and easier to repair by far_
             | 
             | This sounds similar to the contrast between older and newer
             | cars too; the older ones were designed to last with
             | periodic scheduled maintenance, whereas newer ones are
             | designed to have no maintenance for their "design life",
             | after which it's difficult to repair.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | I had a Kubota and loved it. Easy to work on, parts readily
             | available, affordable and no more electronics than it
             | really needed to have.
             | 
             | How do Kubota and Mahindra compare side-by-side?
        
               | LgWoodenBadger wrote:
               | Aftermarket support. JD and Kubota are almost guaranteed
               | to have attachments, enhancements, etc made specifically
               | for them.
               | 
               | My Massey Ferguson has some offerings, but not nearly as
               | many as those two. It's similar for the other also-rans:
               | New Holland, Kioti, Mahindra, RK, Bronson, and so on.
        
               | nimbius wrote:
               | kubota parts were faster for us to order since theyre
               | used in construction all over the US and theyre a little
               | more interchangeable, but you make that difference up
               | with mahindra because you can fix more of it in the field
               | to begin with.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Thank you for answering.
               | 
               | I lived in a area where there were a lot of small and
               | fairly poor farmers. I also had a machine shop. You can
               | see where this is going: come harvest time tons of stuff
               | that had been sitting for a year suddenly had to work 16
               | hours per day and predictably quite a bit of it would
               | break in the field, usually simple stuff, bearings,
               | shafts, welds. So once word got around that I was an ok
               | welder with a machine shop every year a couple of farmers
               | would find their way to my door with broken balers, older
               | harvesters and s on. Fixing those would keep us in
               | produce and meat for months. But I never ran into a
               | Mahindra, though they were in use.
        
         | CivBase wrote:
         | You assume the customer has the information needed to make that
         | decision before the purchase. In reality, most people don't
         | have a reliable way to compare the repairability of
         | products/brands before making a purchase. Even if they did, if
         | the majority of the market doesn't valie repair, that can
         | easily ruin it for those who do. It especially punishes those
         | who are behind economically and can't afford replacements or
         | "authorized" repair options (assuming they are even available).
        
           | robbedpeter wrote:
           | Farmers are equipment nerds. It comes with the territory.
           | They aren't an ignorant consumer market, which is why we're
           | seeing a big push for right to repair from that industry -
           | hopefully they carry the torch for ignorant consumers in
           | computers and cars and other markets.
        
             | CivBase wrote:
             | Some are. Some aren't. I know farmers on both sides. You
             | can't paint massive demographics with broad strokes like
             | that.
        
             | LgWoodenBadger wrote:
             | From what I've seen, maintenance is an afterthought, and
             | even then only until something breaks. That's where the
             | right to repair comes in. Had they done the preventative
             | maintenance, it likely wouldn't have broken, alas...
        
       | Gustomaximus wrote:
       | I dont understand why people keep buying JD tractors.
       | 
       | They have a reputation for reliability, so do many other brands.
       | Kubota, Deutz, Fent, Massy, Case, New Holland... a bunch more.
       | 
       | It's amazing the brand loyalty hold JD have on farmers.
        
       | Raed667 wrote:
       | A pretty good video on the subject
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bGH6pxNouCY
        
       | rafale wrote:
       | John Deere will just claim they never sold him a tractor, but
       | rather signed a custom contract with him that gives him access
       | and custody of one in return of some constraints he agreed upon.
       | 
       | If the government intervenes, it would undermine the free market.
       | But you could argue it's already undermined, both by the
       | government itself and the fact that somehow John Deere managed to
       | achieve a monopoly in a sector critical to national security.
        
       | lostgame wrote:
       | While this is great news; I unfortunately have to wonder how
       | effective this is going to be. We need likely a much, much larger
       | subset of farmers joining such a class action lawsuit - ideally
       | from as many states as possible - to get this to change.
       | 
       | Out of their greed; John Deere will fight this with all they
       | have.
       | 
       | I still think the best solution to this is still a startup that
       | can create tractors that don't require repairs by a first party.
       | I understand the difficulties behind such an operation, but I'm
       | unfortunately not sure how successful such a lawsuit will be in
       | America without the hell of a lot more 'ooomph' behind it.
        
         | spicybright wrote:
         | I've been hearing about farmers trying to organize for at least
         | the past 5 years to tackle this. I'm not going to hold my
         | breath for much progress, sadly.
         | 
         | An "open tractor" from a new company is also going to be hard
         | to justify with how thin margins are with farming.
         | 
         | Maybe some techies can get together to make repair easier. New
         | electronic control boards, diagrams of how to machine their own
         | replacement parts, etc. for the most popular tractors people
         | own.
         | 
         | It's a tough problem to solve, but one worth fighting any way
         | we can.
        
           | NexRebular wrote:
           | Wonder if they could start buying company stock to get enough
           | voting power to make a difference...
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | No entity can legally own more than 10% of John Deere's
             | stock. I forget why that rule is. Something they are in,
             | perhaps finance? If farmers are acting as a group they
             | probably would be in trouble for individual purchases that
             | collectively violate the rules.
        
         | thr0wawayf00 wrote:
         | > I still think the best solution to this is still a startup
         | that can create tractors that don't require repairs by a first
         | party.
         | 
         | You're still going up against massively entrenched and
         | influential opposition that could likely undercut a startup's
         | prices and then raise them again once the competition dies.
         | 
         | We saw it with the rideshare companies. Their business models
         | are flexible enough to take losses when necessary in order to
         | beat out alternatives and then programmatically raise the
         | prices again once they've captured the market again.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | The issue is they are operating in the printer ink model
           | where the initial price is discounted based on expected
           | future revenue. That's a hard nut to crack because any open
           | competition is fighting from a seeming price disadvantage.
        
             | MrsPeaches wrote:
             | Just wanted to say thank you for the insightful comment.
             | 
             | > That's a hard nut to crack because any open competition
             | is fighting from a seeming price disadvantage.
             | 
             | What other markets are there, where new entrants face the
             | same problem?
        
         | cabalamat wrote:
         | > I still think the best solution to this is still a startup
         | that can create tractors that don't require repairs by a first
         | party.
         | 
         | Do other tractor manufacturers have Deere-style DRM? I imagine
         | some don't.
        
         | Overtonwindow wrote:
         | Is it possible to invest in this lawsuit? Considering how Peter
         | Theil invested in the Hogan lawsuit, perhaps there should be a
         | legal investment concept.
         | 
         | Edit: Well, it appears there is something like this already.
         | "Crowd Justice" https://www.crowdjustice.com/
        
           | imglorp wrote:
           | I would like to see a much broader decision, something
           | * applying to all products, not just ag         * allowing my
           | choice of parts         * allow me or my choice of shop to
           | work on it         * no cryptographic DRM'ed parts         *
           | access to schematics, shop manuals, and admin/interface
           | software
        
           | loonster wrote:
           | IIRC, investing in lawsuits can also open you up to liability
           | if you lose.
        
       | djoldman wrote:
       | Instead of a special right to repair law, it may be more prudent
       | to expand anti-competition law to include the practice of
       | precluding competition via impeding repair.
        
       | cletus wrote:
       | The example is of course egregious ($600 for a software update
       | for a wire that got wet, basically). I fully support being able
       | to repair your own stuff but I have no idea how you regulate this
       | so companies don't gouge "owners" for aftermarket services.
       | 
       | Earlier today there was a thread about e-bike battery prices
       | (tl'dr they're ridiculous expensive). I really wish rechargeable
       | batteries had interchangeable form factors like normal batteries.
       | I can't help but feel that if AA batteries were invented today
       | there's no way there'd be a standard form factor.
       | 
       | But this issue is complicated. As much as first-party parts and
       | accessories cost too much, there can be deadly consequences with
       | shoddy third party products [1]:
       | 
       | > In July, a Chinese woman died after being electrocuted from a
       | charging iPhone 5. Later that week, another man in China suffered
       | a similar injury from a charging iPhone 4, leaving him comatose.
       | In both cases, the victims were using an unofficial third-party
       | adapter to charge their device.
       | 
       | So how do you guarantee something third-party will do what it
       | claims to? If you use bad RAM chips in a Macbook, the consumer is
       | going to blame Apple not whoever supplied cheap, shoddy parts
       | (for the record, I hate soldered in RAM).
       | 
       | As an aside, I was unsurprised to see in this article this is a
       | small farm. The harsh truth is that family farms and small farms
       | in general are a dying way of life and just aren't competitive
       | with industrial-scale agriculture. You can't fight the incoming
       | tide forever.
       | 
       | [1]: https://appleinsider.com/articles/13/11/28/thai-man-dies-
       | aft...
        
         | imgabe wrote:
         | Apple can make the customer whole and then go sue the 3rd party
         | manufacturer. Apple has far more resources and clout to hold
         | manufacturers accountable than any one customer. "Don't make
         | crappy parts or Apple will send a team of lawyers to bankrupt
         | you" would be a credible threat.
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | _So how do you guarantee something third-party will do what it
         | claims to?_
         | 
         | You don't. There's something called freedom and personal
         | responsibility. Unfortunately the corporations and governments
         | seem quite determined to take them away from us.
        
         | consp wrote:
         | > Earlier today there was a thread about e-bike battery prices
         | (tl'dr they're ridiculous expensive)
         | 
         | Small rant about those since I missed the earlier thread today:
         | It's even worse. They are stupidly expensive yes, but even if
         | you source them yourself they will cost you another 100
         | dollar/euro/pound to "enable". It's DRM for batteries and
         | serves no real purpose except price gouging. If you rip out the
         | 18650 cells (which are in almost all detachable models which is
         | the majority) and replace them you have to re-enable the
         | device. If the battery somehow drains "completely" and you are
         | able to get it out of safe mode, which is quite possible since
         | the battery isn't actually dead, you have to go to a dealer and
         | pay the surcharge as well. There are plenty of good second hand
         | models available which are useless due to the battery DRM since
         | the price of the battery will be about 3-5 times the bike.
         | 
         | > So how do you guarantee something third-party will do what it
         | claims to? If you use bad RAM chips in a Macbook, the consumer
         | is going to blame Apple not whoever supplied cheap, shoddy
         | parts (for the record, I hate soldered in RAM).
         | 
         | Just like when your car goes to a garage and doesn't work
         | afterwards: the person who 'fixed' it. I can't get it in my
         | head why people think this will be different for other things
         | than cars.
        
         | AdamJacobMuller wrote:
         | > I have no idea how you regulate this
         | 
         | This is my concern too, but, I think way more broadly than you.
         | 
         | I _love_ the idea of right to repair. I agree on a fundamental
         | level, this is your device, you bought it, you own it, you
         | should be able to do with it as you please.
         | 
         | What I don't agree with is creating additional regulatory or
         | legislative burdens on companies. I have a number of concerns
         | with doing so, but, philosophically I don't see it as the
         | government's right to unduly interfere in apple (or samsung, or
         | john deere's) right to sell me a product I want to buy.
         | 
         | More directly, I am worried about right to repair stifling
         | innovation and competition. I could easily see a regulatory
         | body require all phone's have user-replaceable batteries and
         | that is not something which I fundamentally want in a phone. It
         | has tradeoffs which I don't want to make.
         | 
         | That said, I think companies like Apple refusing to sell
         | genuine replacement parts at any price is egregious.
         | 
         | However, I also think the government forcing private companies
         | to disclose things like engineering or repair manuals which
         | contain secret/trade information is equally egregious.
         | 
         | All of this is a long way around to saying that while I love
         | the concept of right to repair, the devil is in the details and
         | I haven't seen anyone really enumerate the details of what
         | they'd actually like to put into law.
         | 
         | Am I wrong and is there anyone with actual proposed
         | legislation?
        
         | kube-system wrote:
         | > I really wish rechargeable batteries had interchangeable form
         | factors like normal batteries.
         | 
         | They largely do. For example, the famous 18650 which powers all
         | kinds of devices from power banks to laptops to cars.
         | 
         | If what you're referring to is their common inclusion into
         | proprietary battery _packs_ , there are some technical reasons
         | for that difference, like cell balancing, safety protections,
         | etc. While it could be possible to engineer some (but not all)
         | of these concerns out of the equation, you'd end up with a more
         | expensive larger and heavier product.
        
       | pessimizer wrote:
       | Hopefully people are directly lobbying Biden on this right now.
       | Anti-monopoly action has been his only significant priority (and
       | only deviation from the status quo.) IMO that's why he's being
       | continually slammed in the media on easily predictable
       | legislative failures on "progressive" legislation in this
       | particular Congress. I'd suspect if polled on each component of
       | his anti-monopoly orders, the public would give them 90%+
       | support, but those the papers ignore (allowing them to be quietly
       | rolled back under the next POTUS, unnoticed.)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | shagie wrote:
       | For industrial equipment (such as a tractor), who is liable for
       | injuries if the equipment is repaired or modified by a 3rd party
       | and it goes to court later?
       | 
       | https://www.biren.com/blog/2020/september/defective-machiner...
       | 
       | In particular https://www.justia.com/trials-
       | litigation/docs/caci/1200/1245...
       | 
       | > The [misuse/ [or] modification] was so highly extraordinary
       | that it was not reasonably foreseeable to [name of defendant],
       | and therefore should be considered as the sole cause of [name of
       | plaintiff]'s harm.
       | 
       | So, if it was foreseeable that a 3rd party may modify some
       | equipment in some way, the manufacturer must specifically warn
       | the purchaser about "don't do that."
       | 
       | With software, this becomes a much more difficult challenge.
       | 
       | Additionally, https://www.justia.com/trials-
       | litigation/docs/caci/1200/1244...
       | 
       | > [Name of defendant] claims that [he/she/nonbinary pronoun/it]
       | is notresponsible for any harm to [name of plaintiff] based on a
       | failure to warn because [name of plaintiff] is a sophisticated
       | user of the [product]. To succeed on this defense, [name of
       | defendant] must prove that, at the time of the injury, [name of
       | plaintiff], because of [his/her/nonbinary pronoun]particular
       | position, training, experience, knowledge, or skill, knew or
       | should have known of the [product]'s risk, harm, or danger.
       | 
       | So with software, either the user is a sophisticated user and
       | aware of the implications of installing their own patches on the
       | system and what that could do (over fertilize a field because of
       | an incorrect setting on the gps calibration)... or they aren't.
       | If they _aren 't_ a sophisticated user of the system, then it
       | should be locked down sufficiently to prevent those changes.
       | 
       | > "The sophisticated user defense concerns warnings.
       | Sophisticated users 'arecharged with knowing the particular
       | product's dangers.' 'The rationale supporting the defense is that
       | "the failure to provide warnings about risks already known to a
       | sophisticated purchaser usually is not a proximate cause of harm
       | resulting from those risks suffered by the buyer's employees or
       | downstream purchasers."
       | 
       | So are we expecting farmers to be software engineers too?
        
         | Rygian wrote:
         | No, we're not expecting farmers to be software engineers. But
         | we expect they can hire actual software engineers other than
         | Deere's.
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | Any idiot who tinkers with cars can flash custom firmware on
         | their car's ECU without a problem, and cars can very easily
         | maim or kill users and the people around them. I don't buy this
         | argument.
        
           | shagie wrote:
           | Cars are not industrial equipment though and the insurance
           | liabilities on those are different.
           | 
           | https://www.mcguirewoods.com/news-
           | resources/publications/us-...
           | 
           | It has similar Misuse or Alteration of Product defense...
           | but...
           | 
           | https://ggrmlawfirm.com/blog/personal-injury/car-
           | customizati...
           | 
           | > A hobbyist who does his or her own customization work often
           | assumes the risk that some part of the work wasn't completed
           | correctly. Making changes to a car in a way that renders the
           | car unsafe could expose the hobbyist to liability for any
           | resulting injuries. Absent insurance that specifically covers
           | it, the hobbyist could be left bearing all of the cost of the
           | ensuing litigation and compensation to injured parties.
           | 
           | It is the hobbyist that has the liability. So if you change
           | your car's ECU its _you_ that are liable when it gets in a
           | wreck, not the car company for having a faulty product.
           | 
           | For industrial equipment, that doesn't exist. If you can make
           | a change to the industrial equipment and the equipment
           | manufacturer doesn't try to stop you, the equipment
           | manufacturer is likely liable for damages.
           | 
           | There's a powerpoint (awkward to read in a web browser -
           | "Product Liability Law in the Farm Equipment Industry" from
           | agrability.org also as part of a recorded webinar at
           | https://youtu.be/NdN577BbnSY ). 11:33 talks about Strict
           | Liability and 19:24 talks about farm equipment being
           | "reasonably safe". The case studies are also interesting -
           | pay attention at 42:23 where it points out who is paying for
           | the injury.
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | ok - "you are too stupid to own this equipment" and "we know
         | what is best for you" basically?
        
       | [deleted]
        
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