[HN Gopher] More on housing price inflation (2021)
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       More on housing price inflation (2021)
        
       Author : jseliger
       Score  : 28 points
       Date   : 2022-01-22 18:01 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (recoveringtradfichad.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (recoveringtradfichad.substack.com)
        
       | devops000 wrote:
       | You need to take into calculation the Mortage interest rate and
       | plot the average monthly payment instead the average selling
       | price. You'll find different result.
        
       | chiefalchemist wrote:
       | > And obviously, on average, we're blasting way past anything
       | seen in 2005-2008.
       | 
       | Perhaps, but what's different this time is:
       | 
       | 1) There are more institutional buyers. 15 yrs ago, I would
       | presume, less than today.
       | 
       | 2) Mind you Zillow wasn't prepared, but others certainty are.
       | 
       | 3) With that said, I'd imagine instutional buyer are drolling for
       | an implosion. The small fish would have to bail and the big fish
       | are there waiting to snatch up all they can
       | 
       | Last time it was negligence. The fact it's repeating so soon
       | makes it feel far more intentional.
        
         | theincredulousk wrote:
         | Well that is exactly what happened last time it imploded -
         | private equity sitting on loads of cash waiting for an
         | opportunity got one. They were buying houses like they came in
         | 24-packs from Costco.
         | 
         | I'm not sure what the "split" among institutional investors is,
         | but afaik most of them want the houses to rent them and create
         | a revenue stream, not flip them for a one-time profit. So
         | inflation doesn't really help them either; e.g. it means they
         | pay more taxes, and requires more upfront capital for the same
         | revenue stream unless the rent they can charge increases in
         | lock-step % (which maybe it does). The fact that the underlying
         | asset appreciates in value is more than just gravy, but don't
         | think it's the point for them. I think they are doing it
         | because it is almost an obvious investment from a risk-return
         | profile compared to other options.
        
       | conductr wrote:
       | I've owned 5 personal properties during the charted timeframe and
       | Zillow and the like constantly has a 10-20% error rate between
       | their valuation calculation and what the market value actually
       | is. It has been under/over but rarely correct. I very recently
       | sold a rental home for $100K less than Zillow, Redfin, and
       | Realtor.com think I should have ($500k vs $600k, where $500k is
       | actually near all time record high within 1 square mile of its
       | metro area). Anyways, it's hard for me to trust this enough to
       | make any conclusions given what I've seen from their data.
        
         | prionassembly wrote:
         | What would be an acceptable error rate?
        
       | erwincoumans wrote:
       | Can't wait to see an implosion. The current house prices are
       | ridiculous, especially in the bay area
        
         | hanoz wrote:
         | Don't get your hopes up. I've been waiting twenty years for
         | non-ridiculous house prices in the UK. It's only got worse and
         | worse. And successive governments have proved willing to do
         | anything it takes to keep it that way.
        
           | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
           | _> And successive governments have proved willing to do
           | anything it takes to keep it that way._
           | 
           | That's basically political NIMBYISM and is in every
           | government in Europe (And I guess in the US, Canada,
           | Australia, etc.) and it makes sense they would do that as the
           | politicians themselves plus the majority of the population
           | (over 50%) in every country owns some form of real estate, so
           | they have a vested interest to make themselves and over 50%
           | of their electorate richer on paper since it's a good way to
           | get votes and support for your policies. Those less than 50%
           | who don't own anything can go screw themselves basically
           | since being a minority in terms of votes, they don't have the
           | democratic power to change anything in their favor, so the
           | housing policies reflect their lack of leverage.
           | 
           | The ship will only change course when(if) the percentage of
           | the owning class dips significantly below 50%, causing the
           | democratic power to shift to those who don't own anything and
           | we might start seeing things like larger taxes on your second
           | homes or larger inheritance taxes.
        
             | l33tbro wrote:
             | How much property the elite class own has little to do with
             | it. Politicians love housing prices going up because it
             | means more money (debt) flowing into the economy through
             | new loans / fractional reserve banking. This eventually
             | increases consumption in other areas and increases GDP.
             | Government is then able to say "hey look how well we're
             | managing economy" when facing re-election.
        
             | tmnvix wrote:
             | Are you sure over 50% own real estate?
             | 
             | Usually when I hear this stated, people seem to mean that
             | over 50% live in an owner occupied residence.
             | 
             | I doubt that the commenter above who has moved back in with
             | parents to save on rent considers themselves to own real
             | estate (even if they may someday inherit it).
        
         | gsibble wrote:
         | Unlike 2008 where people were over-extended and buying up
         | investment properties, this price increase is caused by an
         | overall shortage of housing. The demand is there as are the
         | people willing to pay the prices. I don't think we're going to
         | see an implosion anytime soon.
        
           | tmnvix wrote:
           | Do you not think that if the ratio of people to properties
           | remained the same, but interest rates declined, then prices
           | might also go up?
           | 
           | I don't think that a supply shortage gets to the crux of this
           | problem. I think a more significant factor is availability of
           | credit.
           | 
           | It's worth considering that a credit fueled speculative boom
           | creates excessive demand.
        
           | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
           | _> Unlike 2008 where people were over-extended and buying up
           | investment properties, this price increase is caused by an
           | overall shortage of housing. The demand is there as are the
           | people willing to pay the prices._
           | 
           | What if the people paying the prices now are also over
           | extending themselves just like the others did in until 2008?
           | 
           | Considering how much low-interest money the banks are handing
           | out to everyone now it certainly looks like it to me.
        
             | t3rabytes wrote:
             | 2008's problem was also that banks didn't have much
             | oversight/regulation on what they had to verify when
             | writing new loans. That is not the case today -- lenders
             | are far more strict on what criteria you have to meet for a
             | new mortgage.
        
             | theincredulousk wrote:
             | For all of these people "over extending" it is hard to
             | imagine anything besides an economic implosion that causes
             | mass unemployment among homeowners. If COVID didn't already
             | do that, what will? What's the catalyst? Increasingly it
             | seems the only reasonable catalysts are global-scale
             | disasters like a meteor impact, super volcano eruption,
             | world war, a pandemic (much) worse than COVID, etc..
             | 
             | Given the amount of investors involved now (and since the
             | mortgage crisis) buying up properties to rent, I could see
             | one trigger being (some reason) that causes it to no longer
             | be a good (or optimal) investment, and them dumping huge
             | inventory onto the market. The government cracking down via
             | regulation on investment ownership (or mass ownership) of
             | single-family homes could be one route to that, although
             | somehow that doesn't feel likely to happen.
             | 
             | It is not the same this time where people with a credit
             | score of 450 were buying multiple homes. This time the
             | people "over extending", in my experience, are on
             | relatively solid financial ground. In my opinion almost
             | anyone that is borrowing 500k+ (because they don't have it,
             | not because it's financial strategy) are "over extending".
             | They are in fact exposed to risk of default, but that
             | doesn't at all correlate to the probability of default. The
             | real risk, meaning probability of occurrence, is most
             | likely pegged to the risk of them losing their source of
             | income, which could (and seems for a while now) in reality
             | to be quite low.
             | 
             | Anecdotally, many I know that are "over extending" could
             | afford to be out of work for months and not lose their
             | home. Either through their own savings, or safety nets in
             | the form of their now retired baby-boomer parents sitting
             | on substantial nest eggs. Very common since all it took for
             | the boomers was to make some average stock investments and
             | own a home to easily become relatively rich over the past
             | 30 years.
             | 
             | I would be interested most to know the % of current
             | homeowners that could make mortgage payments for 3-6 months
             | if one or more jobs in the household were lost. I guess
             | that would be a decent proxy for how likely any implosion
             | of the housing market would be, if it would be triggered by
             | owner-occupants defaulting.
        
           | Zigurd wrote:
           | When I went digging for reasons for both high prices and for
           | whether to expect a large correction, I came up with this
           | answer: New home construction failed, over at least the past
           | decade, to keep up with population.
           | 
           | I, too would welcome a correction. One of my kids has not
           | bought a house yet. It would be nice if they had an easier
           | time doing so. Small corrections might happen regionally,
           | based on regional shifts in population. But it is unlikely to
           | happen nationally. I also do not have much hope that remote
           | workers moving to low cost locations will make enough of a
           | dent in demand in high prices areas.
        
         | HideousKojima wrote:
         | We sold my grandparents house in the bay area for $1.6 million
         | about 6 years ago, it sold again for $2 million last year, and
         | Zillow currently estimates it to be worth about $2.3 million.
         | My grandparents bought the place in the 60's for under $50,000,
         | if I recall correctly.
        
       | Plasmoid wrote:
       | We're not building enough housing.
       | 
       | Every other reason for why housing prices are climbing so much is
       | at best a `yes-and`.
       | 
       | Housing starts per capital have been trending slightly downward
       | since the 60's. Recessions have cut house construction harder,
       | deeper, and for longer than in the past. The net result is an
       | increase in prices, except after 2008. Housing construction was
       | tanked to the lowest amount on record and has taken 10+ years to
       | get back to historic levels. We're missing 10 years of housing
       | construction at a national scale.
       | 
       | The is exacerbated in major cities which have severely
       | restriction new housing construction both by imposing direct
       | housing caps and onerous new construction taxes, and indirectly
       | by changing the building code. California requires housing to
       | have solar panels, that is a $15000 cost that new buyers must pay
       | that older owners don't have to pay. LA wants to ban wood
       | construction, the most accessible, carbon neutral housing
       | construction option out there.
       | 
       | If you want housing to be affordable, you need to increase
       | housing production by 50% and keep it there for years.
        
         | tmnvix wrote:
         | I really don't think building more housing will fix this
         | problem (though it would be a good thing).
         | 
         | Consider the case of New Zealand.
         | 
         | According to Statistics New Zealand in 1991 there were
         | 1,307,000 private dwellings and 1,252,600 households. A
         | difference of 4.16%.
         | 
         | In 2017 there were 1,855,500 private dwellings and 1,734,800
         | households. A difference of 6.5%.
         | 
         | During this time household sizes decreased and house price
         | increases were far in excess of inflation. In 1991 the average
         | house was NZD173,000 (in 2016 dollars). In 2016 it was
         | NZD495,000.
         | 
         | In my opinion, what caused this was massive financial
         | deregulation and easy credit.
         | 
         | As I said elsewhere in this thread, consider that a credit
         | fueled speculative boom creates excessive demand. Not all of
         | these excess purchases will become a primary home. When
         | speculation is rampant houses will more likely be:
         | 
         | - Second homes or holiday homes
         | 
         | - Undergoing extensive renovation
         | 
         | - Listed as short term accommodation
         | 
         | - Kept empty while owners reside overseas
         | 
         | - Simply left empty or land banked
         | 
         | - etc
        
       | rndphs wrote:
       | Interest rates are so low compared to inflation that in many
       | places the real rates for mortgages are negative. This means that
       | just having a mortgage increases your wealth more than it
       | decreases it (because the value of the mortgage decreases over
       | time faster than the interest accrues). We are in a very weird
       | situation where the price of loans is being subsidized so heavily
       | by central banks that you are literally better off getting a
       | mortgage for a house than buying it with your own cash.
       | 
       | This has an obvious big impact on the price of houses.
        
         | ReactiveJelly wrote:
         | That's why I got a mortgage.
         | 
         | The bank offered a surprisingly low rate, and I looked at my
         | FIRE research and thought, "Eh I can probably beat that in the
         | market" and so the money that would have been frozen in the
         | house (if I had bought in cash) is growing in index funds,
         | hopefully faster than the mortgage is consuming it.
         | 
         | It's fucking weird. I think all these are true at once:
         | 
         | - Renting is not inherently bad
         | 
         | - A force is slanting the market away from "rent" and towards
         | "buy"
         | 
         | - Too many people have an emotional stake in home ownership as
         | its own end, and they would be better off seeing it as a
         | tradeoff made coldly.
         | 
         | - Because the market has been slanted so badly for so long,
         | these people are correct, but for the wrong reasons. They'll
         | say that renting is throwing money away, because you don't get
         | equity, but they won't say that equity is also throwing money
         | away because of opportunity cost. They have never lived in a
         | market where renting was actually allowed to compete with
         | buying.
         | 
         | - Part of the reason buying is favorable might simply be that
         | it's a proxy for credit score and wealth, and anyone making a
         | loan would give a cheaper rate to a wealthier person. Since
         | renters tend to have less money, they have to pay more in case
         | they default. It's not fair, but I don't expect markets to be
         | fair.
         | 
         | I think it's all an extended effect of the "White Flight".
         | Having forgotten its racist roots, it's still got a strong
         | emotional core of "Cities are full of crime and poor people.
         | Renting is for poor people who are too dumb to save their
         | money, and so they have it chipped away by rent." Or a leftist
         | would say "Rent is inherently exploitative because landlords
         | make money doing nothing."
         | 
         | It's a weird horseshoe when my far-right Baby Boomer parents
         | agree with 2020 Twitter communists that home ownership is its
         | own end, whereas I only see it as a means to an end.
         | 
         | The only time I rented an apartment, it was a fabulous
         | experience. The only flaw was that it cost too much per square
         | foot. And the ambient noise was high, because it was closer to
         | the city core. Other than that, I really miss my old apartment.
        
       | JRGC1 wrote:
       | In Canada, currently ~8.6% of houses are vacant (1.3 Million
       | Homes) https://www.canadianrealestatemagazine.ca/news/study-
       | estimat...
       | 
       | Interest rates are at historic lows https://wowa.ca/bank-of-
       | canada-interest-rate
       | 
       | Interest Rates and House values are strongly correlated.
       | https://investfourmore.com/interest-rates-housing-prices/
       | 
       | When rates go up, prices will come down.
       | 
       | The average house in my small town is $799,999. 2 hours from
       | Toronto. A small 1 bedroom, 1 bath, built prewar with no
       | basement, is going for $300,000 in a bad part of town with a tiny
       | lot. The house across the street sold for $240,000 three years
       | before the pandemic. Today, it's quite possibly would go for
       | $600,000+. This all might make sense in a high density area
       | but...
       | 
       | When looking at a satellite image, 95% of the land around my
       | immediate area is farms/forests. The average price of that land
       | is $10,000 per acre. That's a 100% increase since the beginning
       | of the pandemic(Avg. 5k before).
        
         | omarhaneef wrote:
         | I don't believe it is the case that interest rates and house
         | values are strongly correlated. In theory they should be
         | (inversely) correlated, but in practice, they have not been.
         | Even the article you link to says:
         | 
         | "As you can see there are some points where it appears interest
         | rates may have correlated with a price drop, like in the late
         | 2000s. Those of us who were in real estate at the time know
         | there were many other issues as well. Lending was horrible,
         | there was record new building and tons of foreclosures,
         | basically the opposite of what is happening now. I think most
         | people in the industry would say increasing interest rates were
         | not the main factor that caused the crash.
         | 
         | I think the more telling sign is from the 1980s and 1970s where
         | interest rates rose to astronomical highs! The prime rates were
         | more than 20% at one time. It is important to know that the
         | first graph is not what mortgage rates were. Mortgage rates
         | that people get on their houses are not directly tied to the
         | prime rate. The chart below shows what mortgage rates were."
        
         | granshaw wrote:
         | Do they really go down without a recession though? Feels like
         | just the rate of appreciation will decrease or go to zero, but
         | not negative...
        
       | Teknoman117 wrote:
       | I'm personally just wincing at how much rents have gone up
       | outside the cities with the urban flight due to the pandemic.
       | 
       | I decided not to renew my lease and moved back in with my parents
       | (who I'd seen maybe two dozen times since I started working) to
       | accelerate saving the money for a down payment on a house. Now
       | I'm pretty much there, but I still haven't convinced myself that
       | I see myself still working in the same place in 5 years so I
       | haven't been seriously looking for a house.
       | 
       | Meanwhile, the asking rent for most of the apartment complexes
       | around where I work has gone up nearly 25% since I left a year
       | ago. I was paying $2k/month, now they want $2.5k -> $2.8k for the
       | same exact apartment. It's just bonkers to me. Great for whoever
       | owns property, bad for whoever doesn't...
        
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