[HN Gopher] DSLRs are dead, and lenses are never going to be the...
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       DSLRs are dead, and lenses are never going to be the same
        
       Author : ingve
       Score  : 173 points
       Date   : 2022-01-15 15:17 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (nofilmschool.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (nofilmschool.com)
        
       | aparticulate wrote:
       | The largest market of photography dilettentes (like me) switched
       | to phone. Most people just want a shitload of bokeh (real or
       | software), sharp wide angle without a lot of distortion and
       | ability to zoom without losing too much detail.
       | 
       | Besides, most Good Photographs are 90%
       | technique/framing/instinct/editing NOT hardware. (Just get closer
       | to your subject.) "The camera you have with you..", too.
       | 
       | So, that only really leaves Pro wedding, sports, and, journalists
       | and that just isn't nearly as big a market as the golden age of
       | late 00s DSLR Flickr hobbyism
        
         | elxr wrote:
         | Dedicated cameras, with all their compromises, are just more
         | fun to use.
         | 
         | Photography to me isn't just about the final output, but the
         | experience getting that photo.
         | 
         | > the golden age of late 00s DSLR Flickr hobbyism
         | 
         | Even though I do miss parts of that era, the mirrorless cameras
         | we get nowadays are great, and can do so much more. Even the
         | APS-C cameras today can do just about anything you need a
         | camera to do, and manage to be reasonably compact.
        
         | pkulak wrote:
         | Phones have surely gotten better, but boy have they gotten
         | bigger. The iPhone Pro Max is more than halfway to the weight
         | of a X100V, and only 100 grams lighter than my Olympus. I still
         | like having a small phone with me all the time and a camera
         | sometimes. It's nice to not have to have the greatest camera
         | phone available because it's all you're going to shoot with.
         | 
         | Plus, phones are just never going to manage decent shots on any
         | focal length that's not wide as hell. I know they have long
         | lenses now, but they are crazy slow and useless in anything but
         | direct sunlight. I mostly take photos of people and almost
         | never choose to shoot wide. Phones cut me right out of how I
         | want to shoot. I've actually started putting a long prime on my
         | camera and using my phone at the same time if I want a
         | landscape. Works pretty darn well.
        
         | UncleMeat wrote:
         | It is also true that hobbyists love gadget, even if they don't
         | really change their hobby capabilities.
        
         | spoonjim wrote:
         | It's true that most people switched because convenience and
         | marginal cost usually beats quality. That's how we went from
         | landlines to "can you hear me now." But I have the latest
         | iPhone and a low end SLR and the SLR blows it out of the water
         | for photos of my kids. All but one of the photos on our wall
         | are from the SLR even though 90% of our overall photos are from
         | the SLR.
        
         | devbas wrote:
         | Personally I really enjoy doing analog photography. As the
         | feedback loop is very long, technique is important. Also, since
         | the number of pictures is limited, I always have to ask myself
         | the question: is there actually a picture here?
        
           | aparticulate wrote:
           | Analog has all the tactile aspects I miss from DSLR and more,
           | I definitely take more analog than I used to.
           | 
           | I also think there's a noticable gulf between fake analog and
           | real, even on screen. The most skillful photoshop creations
           | still looks totally off to me.
           | 
           | Phone + an old analog camera is an incredible setup imo
        
         | Hamuko wrote:
         | >Most people just want a shitload of bokeh (real or software)
         | 
         | Software bokeh isn't really that good though. It's especially
         | apparent with things like hair, which is unfortunately a lot of
         | the edge area if you're taking portraits.
        
           | aparticulate wrote:
           | It drives me crazy too. I think iPhone portrait mode has
           | really rough results but people seem to use it. Honestly most
           | DSLR bokeh photos were bad ten years ago too. (for different
           | reasons)
           | 
           | Take a look at Google image results for "bokeh". These are
           | not exactly Kubrick-tier bokeh. https://www.google.com/search
           | ?q=bokeh&sxsrf=AOaemvIRaTBieq-l...
           | 
           | ie hobbyists have very low standards.
        
           | acquacow wrote:
           | The thing is, the people who use software bokeh don't care
           | about how bad it looks. They see a blurred background and
           | they are happy.
        
             | saiya-jin wrote:
             | And then people like me come along, point out how bad it
             | looks and all the flaws present and their view on quality
             | of software blur is changed (at least for some time).
        
           | dheera wrote:
           | > Software bokeh isn't really that good though.
           | 
           | I think one of the problems is they don't simulate it
           | correctly. They segment the person with a neural net and then
           | blur the rest by a constant arbitrary amount.
           | 
           | Ideally it should estimate the depth map of the scene and
           | simulate different amounts of blur outside the DOF.
           | 
           | Here's a RealSense-based software bokeh I wrote that
           | interpolates between 2 levels of computed bokeh. If I didn't
           | have to render at 30fps I would actually just compute it on a
           | per-pixel basis.
           | 
           | https://github.com/dheera/bokeh-camera
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | I joke that the number of photos I take is inversely
         | proportional to the expense of my camera system. I shoot most
         | of my photos on my iPhone these days. I sometimes use my Fuji
         | mirrorless system that I have a few lenses for if I want to be
         | a little more serious on a trip--or I'm taking photos for an
         | event, and I have a Full-frame Canon with both very wide and
         | very long glass that I rarely use these days.
        
         | jpablo wrote:
         | Another big market for dslrs is studio photography. I haven't
         | come across speedlite/studio strobes that can sync with a phone
         | (tbh I haven't looked either!)
         | 
         | A pro camera with a speedlite pointed at a white ceiling world
         | produce amazing indoor pics everytime, unlike a phone which
         | would be dependent on ambient light quality.
        
         | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
         | 40x optical zoom point-and-shoot, baby! The only reason I have
         | a dedicated camera anymore. I keep it in a little belt pouch
         | when I'm traveling or even hiking. I want to capture moments,
         | but I don't want it to be my hobby.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | > Most people just want a shitload of bokeh
         | 
         | There was a point in time when people wanted this because it
         | looked professional, but now bokeh is a dime a dozen.
         | 
         | I think these days people want it because it isolates a subject
         | without them having to do work in thinking of a good
         | composition that isolates the subject with other techniques
         | (e.g. contrast, color, and so on).
        
           | AuryGlenz wrote:
           | It's not always about work. When I'm shooting weddings f/1.4
           | is a staple because unless it's the portrait portion of the
           | day I have no control over the background, apart from my own
           | positioning.
           | 
           | The room the girls get ready in is always a disaster, for
           | instance.
        
         | domy wrote:
         | I find that the experience of taking photos with an actual
         | camera (be it mirrorless or DSLR) is vastly more engaging and
         | enjoyable than with a phone.
        
           | cerved wrote:
           | SLRs even more so
        
           | selectodude wrote:
           | I agree entirely. However the experience of lugging around a
           | camera bag is vastly less enjoyable.
        
             | grujicd wrote:
             | I find the experience of going trough 300 raw images and
             | developing them the worst part of using DSLR and why I
             | prefer modern phones with AI based image processing.
             | 
             | But you can't argue with dslr results though. And when we
             | talk about pro sport photography, well exactly same demands
             | for large aperture, large and variable focal length, high
             | iso with low noise, fast focusing and fast shooter speeds
             | also apply to us amateurs taking pictures of our kids in
             | poorly lit indoor sport events.
        
               | theshrike79 wrote:
               | I had a huge backpack full of DSLR gear in the early
               | 2000s. I still have a backlog of unprocessed RAW images I
               | need to get through... =)
        
               | jsjohnst wrote:
               | If I spent 10hrs a day for 365 days in a row I wouldn't
               | get through my backlog (easily way over 500k photos), but
               | that's not really the point. I don't need to process and
               | post every photo I take, many are either just for me or
               | alternate takes that I might want someday. Looking
               | through photos I took 10 years ago is one of my favorite
               | activities and I often find hidden gems that I had
               | dismissed before in the moment when originally gone
               | through.
        
               | theshrike79 wrote:
               | I do the same thing, I follow Johnny Harris' method[0]
               | mostly. Basically I pick a random date (or an iOS
               | provided "memory") and go through a bunch of photos
               | related to that event. Then I delete all the useless
               | ones, like the 99 takes I did of a sunset, and just keep
               | the best ones.
               | 
               | [0] https://youtu.be/GLy4VKeYxD4
        
               | xdennis wrote:
               | I find this argument nonsensical. Cameras don't force you
               | to take 300 images, nor shoot RAW. As someone who shoots
               | on film, I hear this all the time from people who try to
               | justify why they shoot on film (...and then blow through
               | ten rolls of Portra).
        
               | grujicd wrote:
               | I should explained that I mostly shoot kids, birthdays
               | and their sport and other events. Strictly on amateur
               | level, but for this kind of occasions it's quite
               | beneficial to take 300 shots since it all happens in the
               | moment and you'll have a lot of misses to end up with 30
               | keepers.
               | 
               | Also, jpeg straight out of camera can be ok if you're
               | controlling circumstances and have time to take test
               | pictures and adjust parameters. And not change entire
               | scene in a seconds. Once I went to RAW I could never come
               | back. Now you don't have to worry about white balance or
               | even exposure in the heat of moment. It allows you to
               | really save a lot of these shots which would be lost in
               | jpeg. Price you pay is staring in 300 raw images
               | afterwards.
               | 
               | I must admit this affects my desire to use DSLR in the
               | first place. I tend to use only if absolutely necessary.
        
             | acquacow wrote:
             | I dropped to a micro 4/3rds setup for walking around for
             | this very reason. The lightest body and 2-lens setup I
             | could configure was about 5-6lb depending on how many spare
             | batteries I wanted to carry as well.
             | 
             | My 4/3rds setup with flash, 5 lenses, and a few batteries
             | was only 2.2lb. I don't even notice I'm wearing it.
        
               | giobox wrote:
               | I did this, 2013-2019ish. Unfortunately there has been so
               | little development in m4/3 sensors over this time period
               | that my iPhone has replaced it for all scenarios except
               | occasional extreme-tele. The improvement in quality
               | offered by even the best m43 camera and glass over the
               | latest phones just isn't worth the effort to me anymore
               | at focal lengths below 200mm-ish, or I want to do
               | something that requires a traditional camera "hot shoe"
               | like external lighting.
               | 
               | The latest and greatest m4/3 camera today doesn't really
               | take still pictures any better than an Olympus EM-5 from
               | 2013 (the increase from 16 to 20mp makes little "real
               | world" difference), cellphones improved _enormously_ over
               | the same period. With a modern iPhone, I get an extreme
               | wide angle, "standard" and reasonable portrait focal
               | length lens all in one device, with the files in
               | Lightroom immediately after taking them. Yes you can
               | argue for days about "fokeh" vs the real thing, but m4/3
               | isn't the platform you want to be on if rich bokeh was
               | your primary objective in the first place. I've also yet
               | to find a three lens kit that covers the range of a
               | modern iPhone I can fit in my jeans pocket too, even in
               | m4/3!
               | 
               | I think in some cases, many people just like the "ritual"
               | of using an interchangeable lens camera as much as they
               | practically get any better images than with a decent
               | phone, which is fine! For some reason it's not
               | fashionable in photograhy circles to admit this, I guess
               | the fear of looking like a dilettante etc.
        
               | Zak wrote:
               | The 20mp 4/3 sensors have noticeable advantages in
               | dynamic range and high-ISO noise compared to the 16mp
               | sensors. It's not just more pixels. A new ~23mp sensor
               | with further performance improvements should show up this
               | year in the Panasonic GH6 and an unnamed camera from the
               | company formerly known as Olympus, though it's not clear
               | if or when it will make it to more pocket-friendly
               | models.
        
             | alexashka wrote:
             | Look into something like a Fujifilm X100V or Leica Q2
             | (depending on your budget)
             | 
             | A camera should be _nice_ and compact, then it won 't be a
             | hassle to have it with you.
             | 
             | The problem with modern cameras is they are heavy, bulky,
             | junk build quality, have awful menu systems and don't play
             | nice with your phone or your computer. What a wombo-combo
             | of pain, just to get a nice photo!
             | 
             | If you can afford a Q2, all of those problems are
             | addressed.
             | 
             | Modern cameras are like writing corporate software in Java.
             | Leica Q2 is like writing short programs in Python. Phones
             | are like using Squarespace to build a website.
        
               | lovehashbrowns wrote:
               | Hm, I quite like your analogy! I actually just got into
               | photography not too long ago with an R5. Thinking about
               | it now, it really does feel some sorta "corporate." I
               | also considered the fujifilm xt4, all the reviews make me
               | feel as if that'd be a Pythonic kind of camera.
               | 
               | After falling in love with the whole photography
               | universe, I hope one day I can experience the COBOL-like
               | world of film. I did grow up when film was around, in the
               | 90s and all that, but my family was too poor and I only
               | ever messed around with disposable cameras and Polaroids.
               | Polaroids themselves are a whole other insanely awesome
               | universe to explore.
        
             | insickness wrote:
             | Obligatory Chase Jarvis quote: "The best camera is the one
             | that you have with you."
        
           | aparticulate wrote:
           | I think the problem here is general purpose phone
           | design/cheap optional cases. I would absolutely love a
           | camera-like industrial design and a real/artificial shutter
           | "snap". I hope this improves
        
         | jillesvangurp wrote:
         | That's the low end of the market basically. It's no different
         | than picking up a cheap compact camera a few decades ago. I had
         | one (a Kodak) and I knew absolutely nothing about photography.
         | Point, click, bring the film roll to the store, and whatever
         | you got back was it. Not very different from giving full
         | control to Apple/Google over the creative outcome. And they do
         | a decent job of course. They do some amazing things with the
         | very limited sensors and lenses that these cameras have. But
         | there are limits to that of course.
         | 
         | Pro cameras start at a few thousand dollars. Clearly not for
         | everyone but they always were that expensive. And that's before
         | you consider the lenses. The type of person that spends 2000
         | dollar on a lens that only works in very specific situations is
         | never going to be satisfied by an iphone.
         | 
         | Most amateurs with ambition fall into the pro-sumer segment
         | that yearn for more than a cheap lens + sensor in a mobile
         | phone can give you but are not necessarily interested in
         | spending thousands of dollars on their hobby. There are plenty
         | of options for those people. I bought a Fuji X-T30 in 2020; a
         | typical entry level camera for people that like to have some
         | level of control over the whole photo taking process.
         | 
         | It was about the same price as an iphone and it definitely
         | takes better photos if you know what you are doing (and
         | probably even if you don't) because of basic physics. The
         | lenses are bigger and better. Some of the lenses you can buy
         | are actually way more expensive than a typical iphone. Also,
         | the sensor is bigger. It's just more light and information
         | being gathered before destructive post processing happens. And
         | you have more control over the process. Not for everyone. But
         | those people still exist.
        
           | coldtea wrote:
           | > _That 's the low end of the market basically. It's no
           | different than picking up a cheap compact camera a few
           | decades ago._
           | 
           | It's quite different, market-wise, as in that today that "end
           | of the market" it's 80% smartphones, and the previous "low
           | end of the market" for compacts is as good as dead (and even
           | a big part of the enthusiasts that bought cheaper DSLRs in
           | the 00s and 10s is now content with just a smartphone).
        
           | sudosysgen wrote:
           | You don't have to spend anywhere near that money, though.
           | 
           | When you're spending over 2000 dollars, you're at the point
           | where you're either in a very niche category, or you're
           | paying for convenience.
           | 
           | At 600 dollars, you can get a full-frame Sony A7ii (used). At
           | that point, you can get a 30$ adapter and use manual lenses,
           | and you'll get a very competent collection from 24mm all the
           | way to a 135mm 2.8 for an additional ~500$. This will last
           | you forever, but you won't have any autofocus.
           | 
           | If you want autofocus, you can spend 150$ on a used EF-E
           | adapter, and buy a 50 1.8 for 100$, the venerable 80-200 2.8
           | for 400$ or so, and a normal zoom for 200-400$ (I got the
           | Tamron 28-75 for 200$). At that point, you'll get essentially
           | any image you could want, at a stellar quality, for 1500$ or
           | so, with autofocus and image stabilization.
           | 
           | Past that point, you're either trying to do something
           | extremely specific, or paying for more convenience. The gear
           | itself will outlast you if you don't do anything stupid with
           | it, and you will get more image quality than you can ask for,
           | and absolute and complete control over every step of the
           | photographic process, for less than the price of an iPhone 13
           | Pro Max. And if in ten years you get tired of it, you can
           | sell it for at least half the price you paid for it.
        
           | intrasight wrote:
           | Last year, I was going to buy ~$800 camera. I upgraded my
           | iPhone instead.
        
             | SECProto wrote:
             | I spent <$800 on a DSLR back in 2014 or so, and it still
             | takes better pictures in most situations than the newest
             | iPhone/pixel.
        
               | erwincoumans wrote:
               | What percentage of pictures do you take using your DLSR
               | versus your phone?
               | 
               | For me, it turned less than 1% versus 99%.
        
               | SECProto wrote:
               | Approx 1% of photos taken is with the DSLR. But approx
               | 20-25% of quality photos (i.e. those that I share or
               | post) are from the dslr
        
               | spindle wrote:
               | Me too, and that's an important point ... but for the
               | photos I put on my website and still look at later, the
               | proportion is more like 50%.
        
               | aparticulate wrote:
               | Better in the situations where you are lugging it around,
               | forsight to change lenses etc. I was reminded of a
               | photojournalist who took great shots with an early iPhone
               | to North Korea https://www.npr.org/sections/pictureshow/2
               | 013/03/05/17349916... Fidelity doesn't matter that much.
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | >Just get closer to your subject
         | 
         | Fine advice but when combined with the distorting wide angle
         | lenses on phones it's counterproductive
        
         | yakubin wrote:
         | Until you hate noise. Noise makes phones a non-starter (the
         | sensor is too small). Or until you're in non-standard lighting
         | conditions, like a dark night. A year ago I found a mantis on
         | my balcony[1]. I tried to make photos of it with my phone and
         | my compact camera, and all of them were crap due to noise.
         | Several months later I bought myself a DSLR and now I can take
         | pretty good photos in very different lighting conditions. I
         | plan to go further in that direction still and get myself a
         | full-frame camera to get even better photos.
         | 
         | Also, stabilising a full-blown camera in hands is a lot easier
         | than stabilising a smartphone.
         | 
         | [1]: Mantises aren't really a thing in this part of the world.
        
           | pomian wrote:
           | I was just reading Master and Commander series of books.
           | There is a great scene where Maturin (the surgeon/naturalist)
           | is taking notes while watching a pair of Mantis's mate; they
           | continue while the female bites off the male's head. Now
           | that's the photo we hope you capture!
        
         | anta40 wrote:
         | True, for any non hobbyist, smartphone is more than sufficient.
         | You take some pictures, do some editing, and post them to
         | family Whatsapp group or Instagram. Mission accomplished. All
         | done on the same pocketable gadget. Let's how the fancier Sony
         | A7 RIV or Hasselblad XD handle that :)
         | 
         | You want bokeh, long exposure, HDR, etc? Smartphones are
         | obviously won't compete in image sensor size, but they have
         | powerful CPU. Say hello to computational photography:
         | https://vas3k.com/blog/computational_photography/
         | 
         | :D
        
         | dtjb wrote:
         | There's a huge segment of prosumers missing from your list -
         | aspiring content creators. If you look at the numbers someone
         | like Peter McKinnon is putting up on youtube, you realize there
         | are millions of people out there learning how to use mirrorless
         | + DSLR kits for things like twitch, youtube, ecommerce, etc.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | This isn't about killing off interchangeable lens cameras that
         | look like DSLRs, its about killing off actual DSLRs
         | 
         | Theyre just getting rid of the inferior mirror technology, the
         | thing that flips in front of the sensor, not conceding to
         | phones
         | 
         | The entire sony a7 line, for example, is still going to be made
         | 
         | its kind of a troll discussion but its a good thing to happen
         | because SLRs have been associated with a look or form factor
         | too long and its time for that ambiguity and term to die.
        
         | simonw wrote:
         | Don't forget wildlife photography. I have a Canon 100-400mm
         | lens on a DSLR and wildlife photography with it is a really
         | rewarding hobby. Don't use it for anything else really.
        
           | snapetom wrote:
           | Yeah, I do wildlife photography as a hobby. Cellphone cameras
           | will never catch up, especially bird photography. That
           | 100-400 lens will bring subjects 1/4 mile+ away right in
           | front of you in great detail. Software can't make up for the
           | gap in data that sensors and lenses bring.
        
         | petre wrote:
         | Agreed. I like phones for photography, the image quality and
         | the optimizations, features are great, but they have shitty
         | ergonomics compared to a real camera. The thing with the phone
         | is that it's always on me and that's what matters in the end.
         | 
         | I used many cameras, film and digital from compacts to one of
         | the best 6x7 medium format rangefinder. Just pulled the trigger
         | on a Leica DG 15 mm for micro four thirds, which will probably
         | be my main lens from now on.
        
           | jopsen wrote:
           | It also seems to me that the future is with phones, because
           | manufacturers keep pushing the envelope on phone camera
           | performance.
           | 
           | And as fewer people buy standalone cameras, research in
           | better camera will focus on phone camera, since that's where
           | the market is.
        
             | petre wrote:
             | A phone camera is like a multitool. While it can replace a
             | computer or a camera for 80% of the tasks, doing real work
             | still requires a computer or a camera. There are also
             | physical limitations, as in physics. You won't see too many
             | sports or wildlife photographers doing their job with a
             | phone, but for the majority of people who take selfies and
             | snaps of their food, babies and cats, it's perfect. Also
             | for the creative types and new media.
        
         | skwirl wrote:
         | Completely agree. My DSLR is mostly gathering dust these days -
         | the things I bought it for that phones could not do well at the
         | time were primarily landscapes, low-light photography, and
         | wildlife. My current phone has a wide angle lens that does a
         | great job with landscapes. Phones over the last few years have
         | gotten very good at low light. DSLRs still win here, but not by
         | enough to make it worth lugging around (with a tripod, too).
         | 
         | Wildlife is my only remaining use case where the DSLR is still
         | the only viable option as I generally can't get very close to
         | the subject. This seems too niche to keep an entire market
         | afloat, though.
         | 
         | I'll also still lug the DSLR out if I have a shot planned out
         | that I want to nail or when I'm asked to take photos of
         | someone's kid. Having the ability to work with raw gives a lot
         | of options for fixing lighting and colors. Today's phones do a
         | fantastic job of getting you 80% of the way there
         | automatically, though.
        
         | noahtallen wrote:
         | Definitely true. I did photography as a hobby, but phones match
         | or exceed the performance in many cases now. For example, low-
         | light mode on phones outperforms older entry-level canon DSLRs
         | (T3/T6) by default without having to twiddle with the settings.
         | Of course, you could get better pictures with these cameras,
         | but it takes time and a really good lense! So in other words,
         | it's just not ideal for quick pictures around the house.
         | 
         | I think there are two areas where phone cameras have a lot of
         | room for improvement: sharpness and landscape.
         | 
         | By sharpness, I mean that if you zoom into any phone picture,
         | it falls apart very quickly. There is a lot of software
         | optimization hiding how a small sensor can't actually do that
         | well in the details.
         | 
         | By landscape, I mean if you take a picture of a mountain or
         | object in the far distance, you'll barely be able to see it in
         | the phone because the lenses are so wide. It really makes
         | nature pictures underwhelming :)
        
           | j1elo wrote:
           | > _low-light mode on phones outperforms older entry-level
           | canon DSLRs_
           | 
           | Shouldn't you compare with _modern_ entry-level DSLRs?
           | Otherwise of course, you are possibly skipping all
           | technological improvements that DSLR cameras might have
           | received over time.
        
             | acquacow wrote:
             | There isn't a real comparison with low light mode on phones
             | vs what the best SLRs can do at high ISO at night.
             | 
             | Phones are now using a combination of photo stacking and
             | HDR in order to achieve pretty ridiculous low-light
             | results.
             | 
             | You could certainly sit there with an SLR and bracket half
             | a dozen shots and then stack/HDR them in post, but that is
             | a lot more work and can't be uploaded to facebook/instagram
             | seconds later ;)
        
               | AuryGlenz wrote:
               | Don't get me wrong, it's impressive that I can take a
               | photo of my moving baby in dark situations and my iPhone
               | will do image stacking to get an acceptable image - but
               | it's just that, acceptable. On a phone. Blow any of those
               | up and they're a smeary, noise-reduced mess.
               | 
               | I'd rather shoot at high ISO on one of my cameras and
               | have some grain.
        
               | kyriakos wrote:
               | I only agree on the seconds later and that's where it
               | ends. Unless you are shooting for social media even old
               | dslrs with a good lens outperform any phone in terms of
               | final output. It takes offline processing but the result
               | is almost always better. Phone photos definitely look
               | nice but generally look nice on phone screens, zoom in a
               | bit and all the magic is gone.
        
               | aparticulate wrote:
               | I just try to keep things in perspective, it's pretty
               | wild how many pictures I took with my iPhone 4S because
               | it finally had a reliably good camera.
               | 
               | If I can't take high quality pictures with a iPhone 12,
               | that's a creative issue, not hardware. Low light capture
               | is better than my DSLR ever was without a tripod, also.
        
             | coldtea wrote:
             | > _Shouldn 't you compare with modern entry-level DSLRs? _
             | 
             | Not if the quality of those older entry-level DSLRs was
             | already good enough for most people, and even good enough
             | to win photo awards, print and hang in galleries in many
             | cases.
             | 
             | > _Otherwise of course, you are possibly skipping all
             | technological improvements that DSLR cameras might have
             | received over time._
             | 
             | Considering the above, who cares, if their current phones
             | already do a fine job as far as they are concerned?
             | 
             | In 2000-2005-up to around 2010 or so, the era of "potato
             | camera phones", that wasn't yet the case, so casual Joes
             | and Janes still bought the entry-level DSLRs of the time.
        
               | to11mtm wrote:
               | Nawww, you're missing the market here.
               | 
               | 2000-2012ish, Casual Joes and Janes were buying Point and
               | Shoots. Most folks only bought DSLRs if they were
               | actually doing it as a hobby or decided to take
               | Photography as an elective in college.
               | 
               | At the time, DSLRs were a worse video experience for
               | casual users, if they supported video at all. Point and
               | Shoots were anything from pocket sized to 'DSLR' sized
               | and typically (but not always) accordingly scaled in
               | relative capability.
               | 
               | In any case, Point and shoots are what got killed in the
               | last decade, or rather, got moved to niches. It's still
               | the best option for certain things (e.x. Superzooms like
               | Sony's RX10 IV or Nikon's P1000) Whether DSLRs/MILCs get
               | niched out remains to be seen.
        
             | jeremyjh wrote:
             | I think the point is more that someone who felt they needed
             | an entry-level DSLR a few years ago can get better
             | performance from their phone today, and doesn't need any
             | camera.
        
             | spindle wrote:
             | Both comparisons are interesting, IMO.
             | 
             | Phones naturally get replaced every two years or so, for
             | lots of reasons most of which have nothing to do with the
             | cameras.
             | 
             | DSLRs are expected (by me, anyway) to last for decades.
             | Mine was made in 2009 and still looks and functions just as
             | if it was brand new. Since they last so long, lots and lots
             | of people still have DSLRs as old as mine and want to know
             | how they compare to the recent phone camera that they also
             | have.
        
           | aparticulate wrote:
           | Yeah, that's always dissapointing. Realistically, this is
           | only an editor issue, no viewer can even zoom into a photo on
           | Instagram etc. Even the sharpest Ansel Adams print is subject
           | to the same JPEG compression artifacts. Not sure if the
           | modern hobbyist/entry level print much these days.
           | 
           | It's still so nice to zoom deep into my crisp old shots.
        
             | petre wrote:
             | Ansel Adams and the New Topographics are meant to be seen
             | in a museum. Or at least in a book. Definitely not on
             | Instagram.
        
             | anta40 wrote:
             | These days, those who print their photos are usually:
             | 
             | - Couples after finishing their pre-wedding photo sessions
             | 
             | - Photography enthusiasts. Some even still have their own
             | darkroom.
             | 
             | The rest? Nahh. Printing is a waste of money. We have
             | social medias, which are cheaper and faster.
        
               | timeon wrote:
               | > who print their photo
               | 
               | Print? Who is even looking at photos after taking them.
               | But photos are also used as input for other graphics that
               | can be printed - which is now also less common for
               | reasons you have already mentioned.
        
         | vagrantJin wrote:
         | I agree. DSLR manufacturers never really took phone camera
         | seriously. This hit me when my SO decided to buy a new IPhone
         | over a Sony alpha for her YT channel.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | And Canon and Nikon is particular were/are mostly hardware
           | companies who catered to professionals desiring complete
           | creative control. Sure, they stuck on all the various auto
           | modes for the casual users who wanted to use a "real" camera
           | which in all fairness gave them better results than the
           | alternatives even if they weren't exercising a fraction of
           | the camera's capabilities.
           | 
           | However, with the last few generations of smartphones, it's
           | really pretty silly to be using a DSLR with a kit lens on
           | full auto. Even food porn or snapshots in low light--which
           | was one of the last day-to-day things that phones really
           | didn't do well--is remarkably good on phones these days.
        
         | eyelidlessness wrote:
         | Rarely do I find a take that overlaps 100% with my own but here
         | we are.
        
         | sudosysgen wrote:
         | I think your opinion is shared by a lot of people, but at the
         | same time, "DSLR hobbyism" is alive and well, it's just shifted
         | to Instagram.
         | 
         | That being said, as another dilettante, I take WAY MORE
         | pictures with my very heavy camera system (~7000 a year) than
         | with my phone. It's because phones can't come close to the the
         | focused experience of having a camera in your hand.
         | 
         | As far as Good Photographs being 90%
         | technique/framing/instinct/editing, that's true. But phones
         | don't allow you to get near the level that's possible in those
         | categories as an interchangeable lens camera.
         | 
         | Let's say I want to do some street photography. On an
         | interchangeable lens camera, I have a choice to go between 18mm
         | to 300mm+ in focal length, and if I compensate with my position
         | for the main subject, I can get very very different framing. I
         | don't have this lattitude with a phone, where I can go from
         | 13mm to 77mm, but where I have to sacrifice a lot of the little
         | quality lattitude I have outside of three discrete positions.
         | That's only in sunny situations. If you're inside or of it's a
         | bit dark out, you can't use the telephoto lens, and you have a
         | tiny native range from 13-26 or so on most phones, because the
         | quality is so atrocious for longer focal ranges in less than
         | stellar conditions that cropping a wide angle is better.
         | 
         | As far as fake Bokeh, it's great for simpler portrait. However,
         | if I want to use the defocus more subtly or in a more complex
         | way than sharp foreground/blurry background, tough luck. This
         | isn't hypothetical, multiple layers of depth is a good way to
         | get a better sense of pop that just adding on more blur. Most
         | of my all-time best photographs use mildly defocused elements
         | in the foreground to create and organic frame for the subject,
         | which is then followed by a slightly blurred background again.
         | This way, you can have an organic framing of your subject
         | without distracting from it, and creating an increased sense of
         | depth.
         | 
         | You say "just get closer to your subject", but that removes a
         | _lot_ of compositions. Your position dictates the perspective
         | you have, and your focal length dictates your framing options.
         | So if I have to get really close to my subject, I just lost a
         | lot of my creative power in how I want to frame my image!
         | 
         | Then there's instinct. When you are this limited in your
         | freedom and creative choices, you can never fully develop your
         | instincts.
         | 
         | Then there's editing. To get a usable image out of a phone
         | camera, you need a massive amount of editing that simply cannot
         | be done by a human. As a result, you can only get a fraction of
         | the manual editing latitude of a bigger sensor camera. The
         | lower actual resolution also hurts your ability to edit a lot.
         | 
         | So while I agree that Good Photos are only 10% hardware, using
         | a phone camera means you also have a sacrifice a lot of the
         | rest of the 90%.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | There is still also a niche market for underwater
         | photographers. Housings are available for some smartphones now
         | but the photos are mostly crap due to small sensors and poor
         | integration with external strobes.
        
           | aparticulate wrote:
           | Go Pro results look stunning, come in tiny housing,
           | affordable. Anything more elaborate is no longer hobby-tier.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Nope. Go Pro still images look _terrible_ once you go
             | deeper and lose a bit of natural light. They don 't really
             | work with external strobes either. But for video they do
             | fine as long as you have good lights.
             | 
             | The preferred hobby tier underwater still camera is now the
             | Olympus TG-6 with a cheap plastic housing.
        
             | saiya-jin wrote:
             | Sorry but no - if by underwater you mean diving, and not
             | putting your hand 0.5m underwater or similar depth
             | snorkeling. Gopro has tiny sensor and crappy lens and it
             | shows, even if you set the bar of quality as low as phone
             | screen-only.
             | 
             | You _can_ end up with reasonably nice pictures from time to
             | time, I 've ended up with dozens from all activities I've
             | mentioned (and that's using gopro hero 2 with custom
             | housing in the past, now newer variants), but you will lose
             | many more moments due to rather poor device performance.
        
             | petre wrote:
             | Depends on the hobby. Maybe some people have niche hobbies
             | like using ULF cameras the size of a box truck.
        
               | aparticulate wrote:
               | The key word is niche. The area that these companies can
               | ONLY afford to cater to. The Canon Rebel users of yore,
               | taking slightly out-of-focus holiday snaps are totally
               | lost to phones.
        
       | epivosism wrote:
       | Software support for moving photos from SLR => disk/gphotos is
       | nonexistant. Huge miss that DSLR companies haven't made this
       | work. They just gave up and ceded the market for "take a picture
       | and conveniently share it on social media"
       | 
       | See this question:
       | https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/128140/setup-to-ha...
        
         | Thomaschaaf wrote:
         | The Camera Control API (CCAPI) which Canon provides is actually
         | very good it allows our company to create software which grabs
         | the pictures of the camera and put it where we like.
        
           | epivosism wrote:
           | That's interesting, found details here:
           | https://dphacks.com/how-to-canon-camera-control-api-ccapi/
        
       | propter_hoc wrote:
       | > vintage glass has become a lucrative option for filmmakers and
       | creatives alike
       | 
       | Can someone explain to me what this means? How does one make
       | money with old camera lenses? Buying and selling them online?
        
         | kjkjadksj wrote:
         | They are saying less of their budget goes to equipment when
         | creating the art they sell for a living.
        
       | zwieback wrote:
       | General trend in technology during my 55 years on the planet:
       | moving parts get replaced once the replacing tech is good enough,
       | at that point looking back is just nostalgia.
        
       | smiley1437 wrote:
       | IME the remaining advantage of SLRs is the speed of phase
       | focusing over contrast focusing - moving subjects are much
       | easier\faster to track with phase focusing.
       | 
       | Has contrast focusing caught up yet?
        
         | nullc wrote:
         | Modern mirrorless cameras (and some DSLRs) use phase detecting
         | image sensors.
         | 
         | E.g. on Canon R5 every pixel on the sensor is microlensed into
         | two sub-pixels, one that sees the left half of the aperture and
         | one that sees the right half. The difference between the two is
         | the phase information for auto-focusing.
         | 
         | The use of the image sensor for auto-focusing also means that
         | the camera can use ML object detection to refine the focus
         | point (e.g. eye-detection) and the camera can use optical flow
         | for servo of moving subjects tracking. Without a viewfinder
         | prism in the way the focusing sensor also receives more light,
         | and it's not interrupted while a photo is being taken. So even
         | though the on-sensor phase detectors are less good than the
         | ones used in DSLRs there are a lot of offsetting benefits.
         | 
         | The camera can even preserve the dual subpixel info in raw
         | files, though there isn't yet much software to make use of the
         | info in post-processing.
         | 
         | In manual focus mode the camera can highlight the portion of
         | the image that's in-focus according to the phase detection.
         | It's pretty @#$@ amazing, especially when using a tilted lens.
        
         | gaudat wrote:
         | Phase detection AF on the image sensor had been here for more
         | than a few years. I remember the 5D2 (or 5D3) has a "Dual pixel
         | AF" system that does phase detection.
         | 
         | My A7m3 does phase detection if there is enough light and it is
         | practically as quick as the DSLRs I used before.
        
         | klodolph wrote:
         | From the reviews I've read, it sounds like contrast focusing is
         | damn fast these days. A mirrorless system won't beat a DSLR
         | under _all_ conditions, but under most conditions, at the same
         | price point.
        
         | nikita2206 wrote:
         | Mirrorless cameras are using both contrast and phase detection
         | these days
        
       | 5tefan wrote:
       | I used to be an avid photographer. Then got drowned in an
       | overkill of technology since then. I preferred the look of AA
       | filter sensors.
       | 
       | Modern lenses and modern cameras are so tack sharp that to me
       | photos feel like they are beyond reality. Too much of everything.
       | I have difficulties to connect to the image itself. Much more of
       | an craft you learn than art you explore. Keeping a piece of the
       | world to carry with you to revisit and to remember or to
       | cherrish.
       | 
       | Only Ricoh managed to have a line up that keeps me interested.
       | Seems if the photo bug bites again I'm happy with old gear.
        
         | sudosysgen wrote:
         | Turn off the default sharpening in your preferred image editor.
         | Shoot in RAW. It should fix the issue. I agree with you,
         | though.
        
         | akpa1 wrote:
         | I'm a rather frequent photographer myself, but I shoot solely
         | 35mm film and Fujifilm instant photos. There's still a thriving
         | market for film and there are plenty of labs around to develop
         | your films at. You can pick up various old cameras and lenses
         | for fairly small amounts of money on eBay and similar (or you
         | can spend a ridiculous amount, your call haha).
         | 
         | Film has a certain quality to it that I adore. You don't get
         | insanely crisp images like you describe, you don't get to edit
         | your photos, you just get what you pointed your camera at. And
         | you get something meaningful and physical that you can pick up
         | and hold when you're done. It's wonderful.
        
           | Springtime wrote:
           | _> you don 't get to edit your photos, you just get what you
           | pointed your camera at_
           | 
           | There's still the whole aspect of developing and printing
           | film, which itself can be an artform and very much change the
           | end result. See for example how much the analog dodging and
           | burning were used to change the tonality of an image, drawing
           | attention to some aspects and reducing others. These final
           | results are typically what we think of when we see classic
           | film photography.
        
           | snapetom wrote:
           | I have three cameras that I use - a Canon R5, Canon FT QL,
           | and a Zenza Bronica S2A.
           | 
           | The first one is a joy for many reasons and I use it for the
           | things the later two can't do very well - action and very low
           | light. However, the later two offer an incredible experience
           | to shoot. They're not forgiving, and film gives you a hazy
           | look that is still poorly reproduced by software.
        
       | voisin wrote:
       | I would love to buy an adapter to connect my iPhone to DSLR
       | lenses. I have no idea if this is possible. I hate the workflow
       | on DSLRs.
        
         | pomian wrote:
         | A cool trick, although takes practice to get it right, is shoot
         | with camera through a binocular lens. Can do that with SLR
         | lenses too, similar issues: light leakage, stability, edge
         | effects, etc. But it's fun.
        
         | melissalobos wrote:
         | It looks like a whole bunch of people have done this, if you
         | search for "phone dslr lens diy", you can find videos like
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FOtctDtdo44
        
         | frostburg wrote:
         | It is possible but the iphone has a tiny sensor with other
         | lenses on top that you can't easily remove. You would also have
         | issues with lenses that use electronic aperture control.
         | 
         | Overall not really practical.
        
         | blagie wrote:
         | It's a really, really, really bad idea. dSLR lenses are
         | designed for sensors which are 24mm x 36mm. Cell phone sensors
         | vary, but a largish one might be around 6x8mm.
         | 
         | That's not to mention issues like autofocus.
         | 
         | There were a few attempts to bridge this gap, which attach a
         | large sensor to your phone. The best-known ones are the Sony
         | QX1 and the Olympus Air. They never took off. I think that was
         | due to very poor execution. I though the Olympus Air was close,
         | but had a few complete showstopper issues which made it
         | unusable. A v2 might have done well, but instead, Olympus gave
         | up.
         | 
         | A few cameras are getting improved workflows with interfacing
         | to cell phones, so perhaps we'll get there another way.
        
           | NoSorryCannot wrote:
           | Back in the day, hobbyists looking for a cine look would hook
           | up a kind of adapter to use SLR or cine lenses with a
           | consumer camcorder.
           | 
           | Of course the camcorders had tiny sensors behind fixed
           | lenses, so what was happening was the adapter had a bit of
           | vibrating ground glass onto which the external lens was
           | projecting its image, like a viewfinder, and the camcorder
           | recorded that.
           | 
           | The effect looked very good. Manual focus of course but this
           | was considered desireable. I'm not suggesting this as a
           | commercial solution, I just thought it was very inventive.
        
           | frostburg wrote:
           | Honestly smartphone workflow are just bad for different
           | reasons. The best UX in digital photography is found in Leica
           | rangefinders and Hasselblad / PhaseOne detachable medium
           | format backs (not really the mirrorless medium format
           | Hasselblad or Fuji cameras which have the usual awful menu
           | systems).
        
             | blagie wrote:
             | It depends on what you want out of a workflow. As I'm
             | getting older, I'm finding I like taking photos, viewing
             | photos, and I hate editing photos. For 99% of what I do,
             | cell for workflows would be great, if not for the privacy
             | issues.
             | 
             | Google takes my photos, and sometimes shows me "this day 3
             | years ago" or a nice montage. I like that.
             | 
             | I like having raw files for that 1% of photos I will edit,
             | but that's a much less important use.
        
               | frostburg wrote:
               | Of course, yes. My issue with phones (besides the
               | limitations in acuity, DR, etc.) is that they
               | unpredictabily decide a lot by themselves in an opaque
               | fashion.
        
               | blagie wrote:
               | My preferred workflow would be:
               | 
               | - Camera unpredictably decides a lot by itself in an
               | opaque fashion. I get useful automation for family
               | photos.
               | 
               | - I get a RAW file if I want to decide something
               | different or if I'm printing and framing a photo
               | 
               | 99% of the photos I shoot fit in the former category, but
               | the 1% in the latter is about equally important (1 framed
               | photo is worth a lot more than a random cell phone
               | snapshot).
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | RAW+Jpeg with a modern mirrorless in Aperture priority
               | and vivid presets does that for me. Send off all the pics
               | into Amazon Photos or Google Photos, put the RAWs in my
               | NAS, and edit them whenever I want to.
        
         | alexashka wrote:
         | Nope.
         | 
         | Lenses are designed for a specific sensor size. Phones have
         | tiny sensors.
        
           | voisin wrote:
           | Ok, I get that. In that case, it would be fantastic if
           | someone created professional lenses for smart phones. The
           | nearest I've seen are nowhere near the capabilities for
           | telephoto.
        
             | petre wrote:
             | Not practical because of physics. It would ruin phone
             | ergonomics and you'd end up with a brick. Or maybe requirea
             | cumbersome adapter and lens assembly. New flagship phone
             | camera assemblies are big and ugly enough as it is. Phones
             | with 3 or 4 cameras because the consumer demands it.
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | The thing is, if you wanted to get a 200mm lens with
             | equivalent quality to the main lens in the iPhone 13 Max,
             | it would need to be 8 times wider and 8 times longer.
             | That's around 5cm long and 3cm wide. Just doesn't work.
        
       | cletus wrote:
       | I get why this is happening but it still makes me sad. There's
       | really no better experience than being able to look through the
       | viewfinder, track the target and have a pretty good idea of the
       | composition (the viewfinder is typically 95-99% of the frame).
       | Any mirrorless system has limitations on low light and latency
       | (of reading the light and then displaying it on a separate
       | screen). This has gotten better but it can never really compete
       | with the sensitivity of a human eye and low latency of passing
       | through a prism (or mirror).
       | 
       | The article mentioned compatibility and flange distance but
       | didn't really explain why this is the case. Take the two big 35mm
       | DSLR players of the 20th century Nikon and Canon. Nikon
       | introduced the F mount in 1959 [1]. These were manual focus
       | lenses. Autofocus came much later. Nikon chose compatibility to
       | the point that you can buy a DSLR and a manual focus F mount lens
       | from 1960 and it will work.
       | 
       | Canon OTOH had a number of lens mounts (eg FD). When Canon
       | introduced autofocus they bit the bullet and broke backwards
       | compatibility to introduce a new mount, the EF [2] in 1987.
       | Oddly, this situation kind of reminds me of how Java and C#
       | introduced generics, each with a different philosophy.
       | 
       | But the point is that Canon learned from its "mistakes" and
       | corrected them with EF and benefitted from it.
       | 
       | None of this really explains why DSLRs are dying though. This
       | chart [3] does. Digital cameras in part funded DSLR development
       | and phones killed the digital camera market (~85% drop in sales
       | from the peak).
       | 
       | I like digital cameras. Generally speaking picture quality is
       | better, optics are better, framerates are better and the form
       | factor allows things that phones can't do (eg waterproof to 40m,
       | shooting 1080p at ~1000fps, 100x optical zooms).
       | 
       | But they're a pain in the ass to use. I think this is a failing
       | of camera manufacturers not to integrate seamlessly with phones.
       | Like why can't I pair a camera with my phone and have photos just
       | transfer to the phone automatically? I end up never using digital
       | cameras because I simply can't be bothered with the steps
       | required to do something with that photo. Phones solve that so
       | much better.
       | 
       | Lastly, it's worth pointing out that at this point only two
       | companies produce digital camera sensors at any kind of volume:
       | Canon and Sony. Sony literally produces almost everything else.
       | This volume and market hold gives them economies of scale that no
       | one can compete with.
       | 
       | But Sony also makes phone camera sensors so Sony really doesn't
       | lose anything if you buy a camera instead of a phone of vice
       | versa. This probably contributed to manufacturers not caring at
       | the smartphone revolution that literally destroyed that industry.
       | 
       | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikon_F-mount
       | 
       | [2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canon_EF_lens_mount
       | 
       | [3]: https://www.statista.com/chart/5782/digital-camera-
       | shipments...
        
         | sudosysgen wrote:
         | Mirrorless cameras now have much better low light through the
         | viewfinder than a DSLR. A viewfinder is limited to around
         | f/2.8, while a mirorless evf can do any aperture your lens can.
         | The sensor of the camera has around 3-4x the sensitivity of
         | your eyes. So we're at the point where even running the sensor
         | at a fourth of its capacity and binning or throwing out pixels,
         | at 120fps, is going to be better in low light than an ovf.
         | 
         | Lag is an issue, yes. But the 20-30ms latency EVFs now have is
         | really really close to the blackout lag of a DSLR.
         | 
         | As far as Sony having no incentive to make you buy a camera, I
         | don't think that's true. They're making at most a 1$ profit on
         | smartphone sensors, and certainly around a 50$ profit on large
         | sensors. If you buy their cameras, they're going to make
         | something like 100-200$ in profit, and if you buy a lineup of
         | their lenses, it's going to be somewhere like a 1000$ profit.
         | So they definitely want you to make more cameras!
         | 
         | As far as photos being seamlessly transferred, new Sony cameras
         | do have that. As soon as you start the app, it will transfer
         | images you take in the background, but I don't know if it works
         | with RAW images.
        
         | nullc wrote:
         | > Any mirrorless system has limitations on low light and
         | latency (of reading the light and then displaying it on a
         | separate screen).
         | 
         | Surely there is more latency, but on the most recent mirrorless
         | cameras like Canon R5 it's not noticiable.
         | 
         | Low light there is absolutely no contest: R5's viewfinder is
         | totally usable in situations where you'd see nothing but black
         | in a DSLR viewfinder. Sometimes after going out at night with
         | the R5 in the woods I find myself looking through the
         | viewfinder just to get a better view of the path ahead.
         | 
         | The electronic viewfinder also makes it reasonable to build
         | full time high ratio lenses that would be too dark to
         | comfortably use through a viewfinder much of the time. For
         | example, https://files.catbox.moe/fgxew8.jpg this image is
         | 1/60th of a second ISO 5000 on a fixed f/11 lens. It would have
         | been annoyingly dark on a DSLR viewfinder (and DSLR autofocus
         | wouldn't function on an F/11 lens.).
        
       | anta40 wrote:
       | Sooner or later, I think DSLR is fundamentally "dead".
       | 
       | To understand my PoV, perhaps we need to go back into 1940/1950s.
       | Practically the most camera used at this time is a rangefinder
       | (including Leica), which was a mirrorless. Rangefinder is
       | compact, but limited to shorter primes, like 50mm and wider.
       | 
       | SLRs don't have such limitation. You want longer lenses like
       | 200mm, 300mm? No problem. Or a zoom lens? why not. In the 1960s,
       | pro journalists started to adopt SLR and there's a decline in
       | rangefinders usage.
       | 
       | Now we are living in the digital world. Why do we still have to
       | keep extra space for mirror box, which makes the camera body
       | bigger? After all, there's no issue using tele or zoom lenses on
       | mirrorless.
       | 
       | Please don't understand this as "yet another anti DSLR post". No.
       | My main camera is a Nikon Df, equipped with some AI and pre-AI
       | lenses. I'm happy with the result, it suits my shooting style.
       | That said, if I have some cash for another camera system, it's
       | obviously going to be a mirrorless. Probably medium format
       | mirrorless :D
        
         | snapetom wrote:
         | I was vehemently anti-mirrorless up until maybe a few months
         | ago.
         | 
         | I went on a big wildlife trip and realized I had to finally
         | upgrade my Canon 70D. The first thought was to jump to a 90D,
         | but I had to review what mirrorless options were.
         | 
         | I tried to find every reason in the world to go with the much
         | cheaper 90D than mirrorless. In the end, I couldn't. For my
         | primary use cases (wildlife, night cityscapes, and sports), the
         | Canon R5 has so many game changing advantages, I couldn't
         | ignore it. I lose nothing with the lens adapters, and they
         | mostly solved or mitigated the issues with the first gen.
        
           | berkut wrote:
           | Battery life when using the EVF (vs viewfinder in SLR) seems
           | to be the only downside currently with Canon (I think Sony's
           | is better). Hopefully over time this will improve.
        
             | snapetom wrote:
             | That's really the only disadvantage I came up with. I was
             | also really nervous about lag and blackouts, but once I
             | actually used one, even in the older R, I realized it was a
             | non-issue.
             | 
             | It's still an incredibly strange concept for me, and
             | admittedly I'm not sure I'll ever be fully comfortable with
             | it. However from a practical standpoint, there's really no
             | issue.
        
       | ur-whale wrote:
       | I think the camera industry has yet to realize the amount of
       | processing power that's available in modern chips.
       | 
       | Once they do, the very concept of lenses as we know them is
       | likely going to evolve drastically: at the end of the day, the
       | signal captured by the physical CCD needs not in any way to look
       | like the finished product (the final photo).
       | 
       | They've realized that for color already (CCD captures a signal
       | that's heavily processed for color before final delivery, eg
       | debayering + color correction).
       | 
       | Wait till they realize they can pull off the same trick with
       | geometry, the entire discussion in this thread will become moot
       | in a heartbeat.
        
         | Rapzid wrote:
         | > I think the camera industry has yet to realize the amount of
         | processing power that's available in modern chips.
         | 
         | I find this incredibly unlikely. What leads you to believe
         | this?
        
         | lm28469 wrote:
         | Physics > algorithms.
         | 
         | Just look at iphone bokeh (background blur), it's utterly
         | disgusting. Nothing beats real world light rays hitting a large
         | sensor, the larger the better (that's why 4x5 cameras still
         | shit on modern 150mpx sensors).
         | 
         | CCD aren't used btw, they all migrated to CMOS
        
           | ur-whale wrote:
           | > Just look at iphone bokeh
           | 
           | Does the human eye have bokeh?
           | 
           | Or are you just enamored with an artifact produced by
           | existing sub-par technology after having been exposed to it
           | for long enough that you now have Stockholm syndrome?
        
             | mmaunder wrote:
             | Ever wondered why modern digital film is still shot at
             | 24fps and a shutter speed of 1/48th of a second when a
             | faster shutter and higher frame rate would produce a
             | technically superior product? It's because audiences are
             | enamored with the feeling that sub par technology created
             | decades ago and want that feeling to continue. It's also
             | why guitarists use tube amps and digital tube amp emulators
             | are so popular. Art is context and film and photo has over
             | a century of context.
        
               | Zak wrote:
               | A faster shutter speed would not produce motion blur that
               | looks similar to how human vision perceives it in
               | reality. A higher framerate without changing the shutter
               | speed (i.e. 48 FPS with a 1/48s shutter duration)
               | produces a smoother result with the same motion blur, but
               | may still be rejected by audiences because "that's not
               | how movies should look".
        
             | Zak wrote:
             | > _Does the human eye have bokeh?_
             | 
             | Yes. When your eye is focused on something close, point
             | sources of light in the background will look larger and
             | blurry. You'll also see two of them if you have two eyes
             | open and have a sense of depth that a single lens
             | projecting the scene onto a flat sensor cannot capture in
             | the same way. 3D photography using two lenses has existed
             | for a while, but viewing the result requires compromises
             | relative to a print on paper or conventional screen
             | technologies.
             | 
             | The ability to have a shallow depth of field is valuable as
             | a compositional tool to focus the viewer's attention where
             | the photographer wants it. Bokeh - _how_ the defocused area
             | looks is an artistic quality, and so far the digitally-
             | created version I 've seen produced by smartphones is not
             | aesthetically pleasing to me. I imagine that will change as
             | the algorithms get better.
             | 
             | I think some of the trends currently popular in photography
             | using dedicated cameras are driven by what smartphones
             | can't do, which includes (optical) shallow depth of field.
        
         | ruined wrote:
         | cameras are a dedicated tool for sampling visual data. they are
         | very tightly designed to be good at that, and have been
         | optimized to a nearly ideal form over the course of more than a
         | century. cameras won't provide a decent ergonomic experience
         | for anything else without significant change.
         | 
         | on the professional end, the camera will always remain strictly
         | a sampling tool, and processing the sample is done with full
         | attention, usually later. the level of detail and control that
         | is already demanded by post-processing requires a complex
         | interface, and often dedicated control surfaces. additional
         | creative complexity will not be attempted at point of capture
         | with worse control.
         | 
         | in every other use case, of course there is room for
         | experimentation, but there is no reason to put that on the
         | camera. every user is carrying a more powerful device with a
         | bigger display and better touch surface in their pocket. the
         | camera will remain an optimized sampling tool.
        
           | ur-whale wrote:
           | Strictly none of the things you said contradict what I said.
           | 
           | There are very many ways to conduct sampling, the current
           | method just being one of them, and the past 100 year of
           | optimizations were conducted under the rather punishing
           | constraint of "no math allowed at then end of the pipeline".
        
         | mmaunder wrote:
         | You still need the data. And most pro film and still shooters
         | shoot raw which is either pre debayering or partially debayered
         | as is the case with BMD.
        
           | ur-whale wrote:
           | > You still need the data.
           | 
           | You're entirely missing my point.
           | 
           | The "data" as you call it can come in all shape and forms, as
           | long as it contains enough information to rebuild what the
           | camera "saw"
           | 
           | The "data" could come from 150 sensors arranged in a
           | geometric pattern that completely alleviate the need for a
           | traditional lens (see telescope arrays).
        
       | epivosism wrote:
       | DSLR manufacturers also actively resisted improving features on
       | phones to enable market segmentation.
       | 
       | Open source hacked DSLR replacement operating systems like Magic
       | Lantern prove they are just market manipulators. example: every
       | canon dslr is intentionally software limited in features like
       | time lapse support, shorter exposure times, motion detection,
       | bulb activation, and many more.
       | 
       | In general the product space was undeveloped for years for them
       | to keep their for short-term profits from massively marked up
       | high end bodies; unlike the phone world where _every_ phone has
       | the best features it possibly can, and there is no 2k, 5k+ USD
       | iphone which  "really" has the best features. Canon/others did
       | not innovate and this is what they should get. It's a shame
       | considering what they might have been.
       | 
       | https://magiclantern.fm/
        
         | elxr wrote:
         | Entry level DSLRs also only had 1 control wheel for a long
         | time. This was always one of my biggest issues when looking for
         | a decent, affordable DSLR. It really kneecaps usability. When
         | in aperture priority, having only a single wheel for F-stop,
         | exposure compensation, and ISO is an exercise is frustration.
        
           | epivosism wrote:
           | Or how even on 2k+ DSLRs you cannot specify "auto ISO limits"
           | - i.e. AUTO means 50-400 but do NOT go over that. So you
           | can't build in your requirements for photos - after verifying
           | that quality up to a certain ISO is okay for your purpose,
           | and above it is NOT okay, you have no way to force the camera
           | to match your requirements.
        
             | andrewaylett wrote:
             | My Canon EOS 550D has a "maximum auto ISO" setting that
             | lets me pick anything from 400 up.
        
       | cruelty2 wrote:
       | Not a day too soon. This is probably caused by dwindling
       | accidental buys and the user realizing how much of a pain they
       | are to use
        
       | mancerayder wrote:
       | I used to be a big photography hobbyist and I'm slowly getting
       | back into it. My interests were a) street photography b) portrait
       | lighting / controlled lighting with remote strobes (a.k.a.
       | strobist).
       | 
       | I've owned Canon EF gear for decades, and the 'most recent' which
       | is now old, is a 6D, and my best lens is a 35mm 1.4L from the
       | early 2000's which I love.
       | 
       | A few years ago I invested in Fuji gear, including the X100series
       | and a XT-4 with two prime lenses.
       | 
       | A couple of points.
       | 
       | 1. DSLR's have big sensors and lenses. The 6D with lenses like
       | the 35 1.4 which I have, and the 85 1.2 which I rented, have
       | INSANE bokeh and low light performance. I don't claim to have a
       | science background, but it's pretty well established that a
       | bigger sensor size (the 6D has a 35mm size sensor) and a large
       | aperture contribute to low light performance - the bigger
       | aperture because you have a faster lens (it needs less light/you
       | get away with a [edit] faster shutter speed) and less noise (the
       | larger sensor has less noise artifact happening). This gives you
       | a fair amount of creative flexibility in your settings.
       | 
       | I thought about selling the 6D and the 35 but I'm having trouble
       | 'letting go' even though I haven't used them in a while (and they
       | are huge and heavy)
       | 
       | 2. DLSR's have a hella lotta weight to them. When traveling, I
       | used to travel with the 6D and a bunch of lenses (some I now sold
       | including a 70-200 F4L with which I took pictures I'm proud of
       | and want to keep forever). Well the stress of filling 30-50% of
       | your luggage space with camera gear and nervously waiting your
       | suitcase in the airport conveyor belt is one thing I don't miss,
       | nor having to pick and choose which lenses on a hike.
       | 
       | 3. Mirrorless has unlimited shutter speed, practically, since
       | it's electronic. If you want to shoot against the sun, and turn
       | your shutter speed so high that the world is dark, and you have
       | controlled lighting with a probe, you can't do that with a 6D due
       | to the slower shutter speed, since it's made up of physical
       | curtains. This gets cool effects outdoors.
       | 
       | 4. Mirrorless are obviously better street cameras, since they fit
       | in your pocket / hand and aren't as visible. Once I got into a
       | concert where no cameras were allowed, because the rule was, no
       | cameras where the lens is removeable are allowed (that's only for
       | paid pros in the concert).
       | 
       | 5. Subjectively: I'm having a LOT of trouble steering myself away
       | from the DSLR mindset, I'm finding myself reluctant to use the
       | XT-4 for portrait type work. And I think I'm selling the X100F
       | since I prefer 50 EFL instead of 35 EFL for the street.
        
       | nullifidian wrote:
       | I would add that lenses are never going to be the same in that
       | the latest mirror-less full frame lenses, even the higher-end
       | ones (which cost $1000-2500 and more) are increasingly made out
       | of greater proportion of plastic than the DSLR lenses (Canon EF,
       | Nikon F). Even the mount is attached with screws that first go
       | through a plastic frame, which consequently contains at best a
       | partially metal assembly, which was fully metal previously.
       | 
       | I'm not familiar with how well do modern plastics age, but
       | suspect that it's not as well as the old metal lenses (50ies
       | onwards) which are still usable. So it's more of a planned
       | obsolescence trend in my opinion.
       | 
       | And the increasing reliance on digital post processing for
       | correcting optical aberrations like distortion and chromatic
       | aberration. Some Micro Four Thids lenses' raw files are downright
       | unusable without such corrections.
        
         | jasonjayr wrote:
         | This is complete speculation on my part, but doesn't plastic
         | tend to deform more than metal in harsh temperatures? Won't the
         | lack of a metal frame to precisely position all the optical
         | elements cause more aberrations over time?
        
           | blagie wrote:
           | Over temperature? Nope.
           | 
           | Or to be precise, not well-engineered plastics.
           | 
           | There are a ton of games one can play. For example, one can
           | mix something which expands by 1%, with something which
           | contracts by 1% (which can also mean expanding in the
           | opposite direction). Modern lenses do very well across
           | temperatures.
           | 
           | Over time? At least based on what I've seen, older plastic
           | lenses have not aged well. Of course, that means more sold
           | products. A new lens will blow away an older lens if the
           | older ones is plastic and slightly wobbly. Planned
           | obsolescence.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | sudosysgen wrote:
           | Not at all. This is actually part of why telephoto lenses use
           | a lot of plastic, you can get a plastic to have ~0 thermal
           | expansion, but that's impossible for a metal, meaning better
           | IQ.
        
         | ganzuul wrote:
         | LEGO has pretty good tolerance over time. Perhaps they can keep
         | up with a toy manufacturer if given the right materials.
        
         | petre wrote:
         | Use Fujifilm X, Leica DG or Zeiss lenses if you're discontent
         | with the build quality. Sigma also has a very good quality lens
         | lineup. I only need two, a standard and a 28-30 mm equivalent.
         | Could also do with the wider one. On the Ricoh GRD I never
         | needed anything else.
        
         | IdontRememberIt wrote:
         | Soft plastics on my nikon are an issue. I have noticed that
         | they tend to deteriorate quickly on beach holidays. I suspect
         | it is a combination of Sun, residues of solar cream on the
         | hands and the salt in the air.
        
           | petre wrote:
           | You mean the grip? Nikon rubber grips are notorious for
           | falling apart. Which is part of why I sold all my digital
           | Nikon gear when they were tone deaf and peddalled dSLRs and
           | the dumbed down 1 system. Went with the m43. It's not an open
           | standard but it's considerably more open than others.
        
             | acquacow wrote:
             | The rubber grips are cheap and take 20mins to replace.
        
             | formerly_proven wrote:
             | Do you mean the "rubber textured" plastic on the D50, D70
             | etc.?
        
               | petre wrote:
               | Yes. And the D700, D800 etc. It isn't so much of a
               | problem now with 3d printing and so many materials being
               | available.
        
         | juusto wrote:
         | If you interested in great feeling and great IQ lenses with a
         | small foot print look not further than the Zeiss Loxia line,
         | Sony 24mm F2.8G / 40mm F2.5G and 50mm F2.5G, the new Sigma
         | Contemporary lens line for both E and L mount and Voigtlander
         | lenses for both E and M mount. All of them have metal bodies
         | and some of these are even weather sealed and have AF.
         | 
         | There is some Chinese lenses as well which seem to be very well
         | built.
         | 
         | Great lens resources: https://phillipreeve.net/
         | https://dustinabbott.net/ and https://www.fredmiranda.com/
        
           | nullifidian wrote:
           | If I'm not mistaken Sony G lenses are the greatest offender
           | in terms of the amount of plastic used in the $800-$2000
           | price range:
           | 
           | https://www.lensrentals.com/blog/2016/04/sony-
           | fe-85mm-f1-4-g... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WMXjJxFXRVs
        
             | juusto wrote:
             | That's one of the reasons I mentioned those three.
             | 
             | I think we have to distinguish between plastic, the one
             | that feels cheap and might crack even when exposed to cold
             | like many of the cheap DSLR lenses. And the "new" kind of
             | plastic that is sturdier and more resistant to drops or
             | scratches. The FE 24-105 is the latter and it does not feel
             | anyhow less quality than more expensive top zooms.
             | 
             | Plastic has its positives as well: it won't scratch as easy
             | as metal and, specially for zooms, its lighter. Imagine a
             | zoom made of metal like a Voigt lens.
        
         | D13Fd wrote:
         | I don't understand people's obsession with plastic vs metal
         | lenses. I have 10+ year old plastic and metal lenses and all
         | are fine. I once dropped a plastic lens and it rolled about 20
         | feet down a steep gravel and stone driveway. No issues other
         | than some scuffs on the exterior, and I've used it for years
         | and years since.
         | 
         | For truly old lenses - 50 years or more like you mention -
         | mildew and fogging seem more likely to be a problem than
         | plastic aging. Plus, lenses of that age are often of limited
         | real-world use anyway given the developments in cameras.
        
           | asciimov wrote:
           | > I don't understand people's obsession with plastic vs metal
           | lenses.
           | 
           | It's an issue with perceived quality. So much of the inner
           | workings of things have been replaced with plastic, usually
           | not for the better. When you spend as much money on lenses
           | these days, you don't expect them to cheap out on a small
           | ring.
           | 
           | Also, not all plastic is made equal. I have two lenses made
           | in the last 20 years that have plastic that is starting to
           | deteriorate and become sticky. It's a real shame as those
           | lenses still work and do their job.
        
             | aimor wrote:
             | Plastic deterioration like this has ruined so many things I
             | liked that are otherwise well designed. I've had it happen
             | with computer mice, umbrellas, knives, camera tripods,
             | shoes, flashlights. I don't know the chemistry behind why,
             | but it's a terrible feeling to have something either
             | disintegrate, or become terribly sticky, or turn into
             | putty.
        
           | chiefalchemist wrote:
           | I think the issue is, how well the plastics age. Some over
           | time get brittle and less "flexible", and thus prone to
           | fatigue.
           | 
           | I had a Minolta SLR as a teen (read: late 70s to early 80s).
           | I gave it away 25+ yrs later. I'm not sure about internals,
           | but there was no fears about plastic fatigue. I believe it
           | might still be in use.
        
             | D13Fd wrote:
             | I think it's pretty clear at this point that well made
             | plastic lenses hold up for at least 10-15 years. In my
             | view, the vast majority of use of a typical lens is going
             | to be in the first 10 years or so. After that, if the
             | lenses haven't been scratched, dropped in the ocean, etc.,
             | use is probably going to drop off anyway as better cameras
             | and lenses come along.
        
               | kjkjadksj wrote:
               | A magic drainpipe is a 30 year old lens and is still
               | optically excellent and performant.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | Yes! I have one, and wide-open it outresloves the 24MP
               | sensor of my A7ii. It's so sharp that I have to turn down
               | the default sharpening settings in lightroom because then
               | it looks unnaturally sharp.
               | 
               | The reason why it's so good is because it doesn't have
               | in-lens IBIS. It took 15 years to make an IS lens with
               | similar quality to the legendary 80-200!
        
           | Andys wrote:
           | I agree, I've had both (from Nikon). Plastic tends to bounce,
           | metal bends. The plastic lenses stand up to a bearing very
           | well.
        
           | newsclues wrote:
           | Because plastic breaks. Metal is superior in longevity.
        
             | AuryGlenz wrote:
             | As far as dropping lenses goes, plastic is superior. It
             | bounces back in to shape. Metal bends/dents.
        
             | picture wrote:
             | Metal breaks too. It entirely depends on how it's
             | engineered. Cheapest plastic sucks a lot more ass than the
             | cheapest metal, but when engineered for permanence,
             | plastics can be superb materials.
        
               | newsclues wrote:
               | I wrote that comment after the plastic buckles on my
               | messenger bag just broke. Perfectly fine, hardly used,
               | but it just broke because it was ten years old. Plastic
               | sucks.
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | The lens I use the most is a 70 years old leica lens, it's
           | all metal and glass and looks as if it came out of the
           | factory yesterday. It stills holds up on an m10m sensor
           | (40mpx without bayer array).
           | 
           | Plastic will always be inferior to metal no matter what, both
           | in feel and durability. The only plastic lens I have is also
           | the only lens with helicoid play... it's not even 1/3rd the
           | age of the leica
        
             | samatman wrote:
             | Plastic will also always be superior to metal in weight,
             | and functionality is all over the map: good lens (for ones
             | purpose) dwarfs enclosure material for that.
             | 
             | It wouldn't be hard to pair you with someone mad at their
             | old-school lens for helicoid play who has no complaints
             | about their plastic. Especially in the last decade, it's
             | not a useful filter, just one of many factors to consider
             | in selecting gear.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | yardie wrote:
       | No talk of the micro-4/3rds? I found them to be technically
       | superior to dSLRs and way more compact since they don't need
       | prism and shutter.
        
         | petepete wrote:
         | Another factor working against them is that we're starting to
         | see bodies that are very comparable to M43 ones.
         | 
         | Sony's full frame A7C is 124 x 71 x 60 mm.
         | 
         | For comparison a Panasonic GH5 is 138.5 x 98.1 x 87.4 mm and an
         | Olympus's OMD em10 120 x 83 x 47 mm.
        
         | perardi wrote:
         | It's not clear how much longer that'll be a thing.
         | 
         | Olympus divested its camera operations to some third-party
         | holding company. I am skeptical they'll have the capital and
         | expertise to really be competitive.
         | (https://www.dpreview.com/news/0412395347/olympus-
         | finalizes-d...)
         | 
         | And Panasonic doesn't seem to really be in it anymore, save for
         | their video-focused cameras. They have a new full-frame mount
         | now.
        
         | LegitShady wrote:
         | micro 4/3 is just a mirrorless sensor format. It is competing
         | with other mirrorless sensor formats, many with full size
         | sensors.
         | 
         | I have mirrorless cameras with APS-C or larger sensors, so the
         | micro 4/3 format is just a smaller sensor.
        
         | cthalupa wrote:
         | They're not really even in the discussion when it comes to
         | being real replacements for DSLRs. Their sensor size is
         | significantly smaller than even a crop frame dslr/mirrorless
         | camera, and roughly a quarter of the size of a full frame
         | camera.
         | 
         | This smaller sensor size means they're not going to be used at
         | the prosumer or pro level, and that in turn means a limited
         | selection of high end lenses, etc.
        
       | nottorp wrote:
       | Ok silly non specialist and even non hobbyist question.
       | 
       | The only reason I own a DSLR (the cheapest Nikkon I could find)
       | is because I hate looking at a LCD. With how (d)slrs are set up
       | what I see in that view finder is what i get in the photo.
       | 
       | Mirrorless cameras only have the LCD right? Is there any option
       | that fixes that?
       | 
       | Note that there may be a camera category that I don't know about
       | that fixes my problem. If yes, please tell me which it is :)
        
         | twic wrote:
         | Lots of mirrorless cameras have electronic viewfinders - you
         | have a conventional-looking viewfinder, but you look at a tiny
         | screen, rather than a prism and a mirror. Because you are
         | seeing an image captured by the sensor, it is precisely "what
         | you see in that view finder is what you get in the photo" -
         | including things like adjusting exposure compensation, which
         | you would not see in an SLR viewfinder.
         | 
         | This also allows various helpful features to operate in the
         | viewfinder, rather than just on the back LCD. I use
         | magnification a lot, and there is also focus peaking and
         | highlight and shadow indication. It can be really useful to
         | have those a couple of button taps away while i'm composing a
         | shot.
        
         | IAmEveryone wrote:
         | I was given a Sony camera to take photos at an event recently.
         | 
         | After two days, I noticed that the viewfinder would be dark
         | when I turned the camera off. This was different than my usual
         | Canon, so I wondered why.
         | 
         | Turns out it was a mirrorless camera, where the viewfinder is a
         | screen. And I didn't notice that I was looking at a screen the
         | whole time.
         | 
         | Edit: this was a Sony Alpha 7c. I really enjoyed using it. It's
         | comfortably small and has the silver retro design of something
         | from the 1930s.
        
           | LegitShady wrote:
           | the problem is the success of the viewfinder varies between
           | models, whereas most DSLR viewfinders were decent to good by
           | nature of the SLR system.
        
           | alessioalex wrote:
           | It's the smallest (usable) full frame camera from Sony
           | (there's another smallrer one from Sigms but it doesn't have
           | a viewfinder). Its weight is 509g / 1.1 lb, has the same
           | sensor as the Sony Alpha 7III and better autofocus (tracks
           | humans as well as animals with eye detection - for photo and
           | video).
           | 
           | I recently bought it and like it very much.
        
         | nottorp wrote:
         | Oh i looked at a few models and indeed some have what looks
         | like a viewfinder. If there's a lcd _inside_ instead of a
         | direct optical path I don 't think it matters for my simple
         | needs. As long as I don't have to hold the camera at arms
         | length and still not see anything on that external lcd because
         | of the sun...
         | 
         | The one mirrorless i played with didn't have the viewfinder so
         | I assumed that's how they all are.
         | 
         | Looks like I just need to be careful what I buy. Thanks!
        
         | sudosysgen wrote:
         | Modern mirror less cameras have an OLED screen inside the
         | viewfinder, which in my humble opinion is a lot better than a
         | normal viewfinder.
        
         | frostburg wrote:
         | Leica M cameras and Fuji X-pros have optical viewfinders.
        
           | Lio wrote:
           | Fuji's specialist X100 series actually have both optical and
           | electronic viewfinders.
           | 
           | I've had a few. First generation I mostly used the optical
           | finder. Over time they've improved enough that I mainly use
           | the electronic one now.
           | 
           | I like that you can see how the film simulation and exposure
           | will look _before_ you take the shot.
        
             | mulmen wrote:
             | > I like that you can see how the film simulation and
             | exposure will look before you take the shot.
             | 
             | This is an important insight. Optical viewfinders show you
             | what will _hit the sensor_. Electronic viewfinders show you
             | _what you get_.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | Not even, actually. Optical viewfinders have a different
               | optical path, and you will see a different image. For
               | example, you'll get incorrect behaviour at large
               | apertures.
        
               | Lio wrote:
               | That's true for rangefinder style cameras but not for
               | SLRs.
               | 
               | Most optical viewfinders will allow you to stop down for
               | preview at the correct aperture.
               | 
               | There's a useful feature on the X100 series to give you
               | the framing offset.
        
               | frostburg wrote:
               | No, it's also true for traditional SLR cameras, due to
               | the nature of focusing screens and other issues you don't
               | get accurate depth of field for very fast lenses, for
               | example.
        
             | frostburg wrote:
             | The viewfinder on the xpro shares the same hybrid design
             | (Leicas do not have this feature, however).
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dsego wrote:
         | An electronic viewfinder or a hybrid viewfinder like the fuji
         | xpro/x100.
        
         | bradly wrote:
         | I believe you can have an optical view finder but the actual
         | photo will be framed slightly different that what you see
         | through the view finder.
        
           | LegitShady wrote:
           | you can have a digital viewfinder but not an optical
           | viewfinder without DSLR like design. mirrorless cameras don't
           | have the prism-mirror system.
        
         | daniel-thompson wrote:
         | That's the key feature of the design - there is no _real_
         | optical viewfinder because there is no mirror & pentaprism,
         | which would be needed to redirect the incoming light from the
         | sensor to a viewfinder.
         | 
         | Some mirrorless cameras have viewfinders, but it's either a
         | digital display of what the sensor sees, or an actual optical
         | path that doesn't go through the lens system. In either case
         | it's not actual light redirected from the lens. A few
         | illustrations:
         | 
         | -
         | https://static.wixstatic.com/media/d28f27_00f04a01eccc4831b9...
         | 
         | - https://images.squarespace-
         | cdn.com/content/v1/5c17fb063917ee...
        
         | Der_Einzige wrote:
         | My Sony A6100 has a 120hz oled viewfinder which is smooth and
         | good enough that I don't believe that the advantages of a real
         | viewfinder outweigh the benefits of a new mirror less camera
         | body.
        
         | DanCarvajal wrote:
         | A modern mirror less cameras typically have a digital
         | viewfinder, often OLED, that replicate the optical viewfinder
         | to varying degrees of success.
        
         | snapetom wrote:
         | The viewfinders in mirrorless (at least in Canons) are all
         | electronic. I know, it sounds weird, I know it sucks up battery
         | life, I know there are concerns about lag. However, I resisted
         | them for a long time until I actually used one.
         | 
         | They're pretty awesome, I recommend anyone that they're zero
         | issues, and yet, I still don't feel right about them.
        
       | tristanperry wrote:
       | That's an annoying blog. I was half way through reading when a
       | full page "enter your email address" pop-up appeared. I closed
       | it, and was sent to the top of the page again. (Samsung S20,
       | Chrome).
        
         | djkoolaide wrote:
         | If a website treats me this way, I close the tab without
         | finishing the article.
        
         | pwg wrote:
         | UblockOrigin, with default deny all JavaScript mode turned on,
         | prevented any 'half way through popup' from appearing for me.
        
         | felubra wrote:
         | I recommend you installing Samsung Internet browser and using
         | the Adblock Fast software to block ads. This browser has built-
         | in support for blocking ads using the Adblock Fast. And if this
         | not works, most of the time I just use the reading mode to
         | bypass the paywalls and ads.
        
       | mmaunder wrote:
       | Clarification on Canon discontinuing EF lenses:
       | 
       | https://petapixel.com/2021/04/22/canon-clarifies-discontinui...
       | 
       | Not that several camera makers make EF mount cameras and third
       | party lens makers make EF mount lenses, like Yongnuo, Samyang,
       | Schneider, Sigma, Tamron, Tokina, Cosina and Carl Zeiss.
       | 
       | Be very careful investing in lenses that have a short flange
       | focal distance. In other words, where the distance from the mount
       | to the sensor is short. We went big on Sony E mount primes for
       | shooting video. When we moved to Blackmagic Design Ursa and
       | pocket cine cameras with Canon mounts we couldn't adapt the
       | lenses and had to get rid of them. The general point here is that
       | as you grow as a shooter your needs will change and you'll be far
       | happier if you can adapt your old lenses somehow.
       | 
       | You can, for example, put an EF mount lens on a Sony E mount
       | camera, but not the other way around.
       | 
       | What my media dept has done is to standardize on Canon EF mount
       | lenses. We now have a great collection of L series and cine
       | lenses that will work on everything from our 5Ds to BMD Ursa 12K
       | to our pocket cine cameras.
       | 
       | Don't get vendor locked in and make sure you retain a few
       | options.
        
         | petre wrote:
         | Do the EF lenses retain the autofocus capability on cine
         | cameras or do you even need it in cinematography?
         | 
         | The only drawback with longer flange is more complicated
         | designs for wide angle lenses. That didn't stop Canon from
         | making a rectilinear 15 mm EF lens.
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | I worked for decades on software for DSLRs.
       | 
       | I completely agree that they need to go away, and that new lens
       | tech needs to appear.
       | 
       | But I think that we are -just now- starting to get to the point
       | where we can have truly excellent mirrorless cameras that
       | actually can replace (and will surpass) DSLRs.
       | 
       | A lot of it has to do with on-chip computational photography. All
       | the camera companies are coming up with custom image processing
       | chips, and these are what makes the difference.
       | 
       | Lag time needs to be in the single-to-mid-double-digit ms range.
       | I don't remember what the number was, but the company that I
       | worked for, did some research, on what the maximum allowable lag
       | time on a viewfinder could be, and I think it was like 50ms. That
       | means that you need to expose the chip, scan the image from it,
       | do the A/D conversion, demosaic, gamma correct, color correct,
       | denoise, vignette correct, distortion manage, remove chromatic
       | aberration (because cheap lenses), and all the rest of the image
       | processing, then, display it on the screen, continuously, within
       | 50ms per frame, while also not draining the battery. Also, pixel
       | density has a big impact on this performance. More pixels, more
       | milliseconds; more battery drainage.
       | 
       | Not a simple task. You can do tricks like scale down the image
       | early on, and eschew some of the finer image processing tasks,
       | but you still need that viewfinder image to be right on the
       | money, and to the standards of a very picky photographer.
       | 
       | Also sensor physical size has a lot to do with the image quality,
       | bokeh, and what-have-you. A big issue with smartphone cameras
       | (and point-and-shoot cameras), is that small sensors mean that
       | there's little control over DoF (Depth of Field). Apple has
       | introduced artificial bokeh, with their software.
       | 
       | Sensor size, and the length of the optical path, are what really
       | drive lens size. They discuss that, in the article. Hasselblad
       | and Phase One (if they still do that stuff) cameras have these
       | monster sensors. They still need big lenses.
        
         | omegalulw wrote:
         | > That means that you need to expose the chip, scan the image
         | from it, do the A/D conversion, demosaic, gamma correct, color
         | correct, denoise, vignette correct, distortion manage, remove
         | chromatic aberration (because cheap lenses),
         | 
         | Can you explain what's the difference in gamma correction and
         | color correction? New gamma correction uses perceptual mapping
         | right (e.g. Dolby vision) - doesn't that already put you into a
         | standard color space?
         | 
         | > then, display it on the screen, continuously, within 50ms per
         | frame
         | 
         | That's 20 fps. Don't you need at least 24 to capture cinematic
         | footage?
        
           | realityking wrote:
           | > That's 20 fps. Don't you need at least 24 to capture
           | cinematic footage?
           | 
           | They're not talking about fps but latency. From light hitting
           | the sensor to it being emitted again by the viewfinder With
           | all the processing inbetween.
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | Gamma is basically a logarithmic light correction. It is a
           | digital reflection of an original analog process. Color
           | correction is a much more intricate and subtle thing. Digital
           | cameras have color bias (for example, they tend to like red,
           | a lot, while film liked greens and blues). Color correction
           | makes sure that the colors that come out, can be accurately
           | correlated to the ones that came in. You can also do some
           | cool things, by remapping into different color spaces (a lot
           | of image processing is done by changing the data to a new
           | color space, and playing with the channels).
           | 
           | We're talking the viewfinder, so it is latency. It is also
           | FPS. The viewfinder can be slightly relaxed, but pros will
           | want the viewfinder to be highly representative of the final
           | outcome. Latency is critical, because they use the viewfinder
           | to make the decision when to snap the image, or set the
           | scene.
           | 
           | The final output can be slightly more relaxed, with post
           | processing in a buffer. Video makes that a lot more intense.
           | 
           | That's why you have a limit to how many frames you can have
           | in a burst. They get fed into a buffer, for post processing.
           | 
           | Another big advance will be true electronic shutters. I'm not
           | sure we're there yet.
        
             | alexashka wrote:
             | > Another big advance will be true electronic shutters
             | 
             | We're pretty much there. The latest Nikon flagship (Z9)
             | doesn't have a mechanical shutter.
        
         | snapetom wrote:
         | Yeah, I was vehemently anti-mirrorless until maybe just like 6
         | weeks ago. I tried to use every reason to stick with the latest
         | Canon DSLR, but there are just too many advantages with the
         | mirrorless R5.
         | 
         | And a lot of advantages are the computational tech in the
         | cameras that you speak of. The eye tracking and focus is
         | absolutely incredible. Those that claim cellphone cameras will
         | replace dedicated cameras have no idea the advances that are
         | taking place in the cameras. Camera companies are not sitting
         | by idle and waiting for cellphones to make themselves obsolete.
         | They are making incredible strides. With the advantages of the
         | sensor sizes and lens physics, I'm not going to say cellphones
         | will never catch up, but I find it hard to believe they will.
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | The new Sony flagship[0] is awesome. It's a $7,000 body that
           | they can't keep in stock. Sony also has great glass.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.bhphotovideo.com/c/product/1619483-REG/sony_i
           | lce...
        
             | snapetom wrote:
             | At that MP and that price, it's dipping its toe into medium
             | format photography.
             | 
             | Ultimately, in the hardware sense, I think making medium
             | format technology accessible to the masses, is where
             | Canon/Sony/Nikon is heading. It's going to be about
             | striking a balance between camera size, sensor size, using
             | software to fill in the compromises, and of course, cost.
             | However the point is that while cellphones are catching
             | cameras, cameras are also moving ahead.
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | Medium (and large) format has more to do with the size of
               | the sensor.
               | 
               | Big sensors require big housing, a minimum optical
               | distance, and big, expensive glass.
               | 
               | Ansel Adams must have been pretty diesel. He used to haul
               | these gigantic cameras around in the wilderness. They
               | often had a plate size of 8" X 10".
        
           | jhoechtl wrote:
           | And then came the next iPhone.
           | 
           | I am by no means an Apple zealot but its astonishing that
           | with every iteration they set new standards.
        
             | goblin89 wrote:
             | Different purposes of computational capabilities in modern
             | cameras vs. phones place them reliably in different
             | categories.
             | 
             | The former aim to computationally adjust settings and make
             | it easier to capture raw scene data the way you intend. The
             | "magic" happens on lower levels (e.g., tracking subject),
             | and you generally feel in control of how it's applied.
             | 
             | The latter focus on computationally interpreting raw data
             | and generating a display-referred image. The "magic"
             | happens throughout the process, and is mostly a black box
             | (recall that case where iPhone camera replaced human head
             | with a leaf on a group photo). If you use phone camera to
             | capture raw image, phone software may still be able to
             | assist to a degree, but challenges arising from sensor size
             | and lens limitations would become more obvious.
             | 
             | (I would, however, watch out for the line becoming blurred
             | if/when phones--hopefully not cameras!--start to capture
             | computational raws. Potential improvements offered by
             | applying extensive magic at unmosaiced raw signal level
             | would for me be killed by that human-head-turned-to-leaf
             | possibility, which would ruin phone photography for me.)
        
               | Xylakant wrote:
               | > (recall that case where iPhone camera replaced human
               | head with a leaf on a group photo)
               | 
               | Though that leaf was just a leaf, hanging in the wrong
               | place - no magic involved, not the iPhones fault.
               | 
               | https://petapixel.com/2022/01/03/the-mystery-of-an-
               | iphone-re...
        
               | goblin89 wrote:
               | Didn't know this was debunked, my faith in iphoneography
               | was restored a little!
               | 
               | Still, I occasionally notice artifacts of computational
               | processing--most recently, wrong color of a building (it
               | somehow decided it's yellow, instead of reddish beige),
               | other times some skin improvements, eye sharpening and so
               | on. (I don't shoot in raw on my phone though.)
        
               | orbital-decay wrote:
               | 1. GCam, MotionCam etc were always able to output stacked
               | raws. In case of raws, "computational" is pretty much a
               | marketing buzzword that means very little, it's just good
               | old exposure fusion and stacking in bayer domain, with
               | in-camera alignment robust enough to shoot a long stack
               | handheld. They pretty much have the same exposure/iso
               | priority and controls you expect to simplify capturing
               | the most of the scene data unchanged. There's even
               | experimental RAW video recording in MotionCam, however
               | ridiculous that might sound.
               | 
               | 2. RAW is also pretty much meaningless with modern
               | mirrorless since it's not literally raw. They also do a
               | lot of stuff under the hood for years, including
               | "computational" stuff like noise suppression or pixel
               | shift/superresolution in bayer domain.
               | 
               | So the line isn't just blurred, it doesn't exist at all.
               | All this "computational" stuff is here _precisely_ to
               | capture more of the real data, not to draw something that
               | never existed.
        
               | goblin89 wrote:
               | I don't know what are things you reference in (1), some
               | apps?
               | 
               | In (2), either you are speaking about consumer point-and-
               | shoots, or you are speaking of features that can be
               | turned off, or more typically have to be turned on. (Have
               | you ever tried to use pixel shift, by the way? What kind
               | of magic do you think does it do, except for capturing
               | multiple pixel-shifted exposures?)
               | 
               | Mirrorless cameras I use get me a dumb array of raw light
               | values, and I am free to apply (or not) noise reduction
               | as I interpret the data. And if they were applying noise
               | suppression, I would not put it anywhere in the same
               | domain as computationally detecting and smoothening human
               | skin or the like.
               | 
               | The line is there, and at this time it's pretty sharp. If
               | you don't believe, try some of the latest "dumb" pro
               | mirrorless cameras with the latest iPhone and compare
               | their respective raw captures.
        
               | orbital-decay wrote:
               | GCam is Google Camera, the app that started all this.
               | Funny how everybody praises iPhone when Apple actually
               | have been very slow to notice this trend, and their
               | camera apps really sucked for many years. I hate GCam
               | specifically because it requires lots of fiddling with
               | mods and ad-hoc setups if you want full potential, but it
               | doesn't change the fact that a "computational" camera
               | outputs real scene data.
               | 
               |  _> computationally detecting and smoothening human skin
               | or the like_
               | 
               | Seems like there's some misunderstanding. I'm not talking
               | about stuff like face detection or beautifying,
               | computational bokeh, one-size-fits-all tonemapping etc.
               | I'm talking about _raw capture_ , which simply aligns and
               | stacks many frames (discarding bogus ones) without
               | demosaicing. There's really nothing more to it. Not much
               | different than, say, Pentax' pixel shift. Similar
               | process, same limitations and issues, no opaque magic
               | that tries to think for you. I've used similar process
               | for years with HDRMerge to shoot landscapes with my
               | DSLRs.
               | 
               |  _> If you don't believe, try some of the latest "dumb"
               | pro mirrorless cameras with the latest iPhone and compare
               | their respective raw captures. _
               | 
               | I currently use the a7S III, but I fail to see how it's
               | relevant. The difference is not due to them being dumb
               | but because of having better sensors and optics, variable
               | aperture, mechanical shutter etc. There's nothing smart
               | or special in smartphone raw capture.
        
             | snapetom wrote:
             | My wife has the latest Pro Max. I have a mini. I also have
             | one of the latest Canon mirrorlesses and pounds and pounds
             | of lenses.
             | 
             | Give me my setup any day, but I'm looking at it for what I
             | love to do - wildlife, sports, cityscapes. I don't care
             | about portraits, I don't care about taking picture of food,
             | I don't care about capturing life memories/events. Sure my
             | use case is not what a regular consumer uses a camera for,
             | but a cellphone can't come anywhere close to what I do.
        
               | spindle wrote:
               | My experience is similar, and I bet our experience is
               | very common (among people who've tried both). My prosumer
               | DSLR and medium-expensive lens is so much better than any
               | phone for wildlife photography. For indoor low-light
               | portraits, though, my Google Pixel 3 is actually better
               | than my DSLR, and I say that as someone who very much
               | expected the opposite.
        
               | UltraViolence wrote:
               | In my experience even the cheapest (mirrorless) digital
               | snapshot camera runs circles around any mobile phone's. I
               | used to have a cheap Nikon camera and its pictures still
               | stand-out compared to those of even high-end mobile
               | phones (like my Samsung Galaxy S9), especially in low-
               | light or imperfect lighting situations.
               | 
               | If you want to take great looking pictures, buy a camera.
               | Don't settle for a mobile phone.
        
               | snapetom wrote:
               | I agree. Light issues are like distance issues. It's
               | about capturing data, which cellphones will never match
               | given their sensor and lens limitations.
               | 
               | Sure Apple/Samsung boats how good their phones are in low
               | light situations these days. But people forget how
               | _awful_ they were in the past. Cellphones were useless
               | for low light even just a few years ago. They 've made
               | great strides, but the lower and lower light you go,
               | cameras are the clear winner.
        
               | meraklis56 wrote:
               | I read somewhere, the photos from phones are looking
               | great when are viewed on phones. The moment you view them
               | on a big screen, you immediately understand the picture
               | is not that great as you thought. One could argue the
               | great screens of phones nowadays and the vivid colors
               | affect the perception of the image
        
               | snapetom wrote:
               | Absolutely. How you view photos absolutely come into
               | play. Digital? Print? Viewing them on a monitor, even a
               | huge one, has different requirements than, say taking a
               | photo and making a wallpaper (as in a real wallpaper, on
               | a real wall) out of it. I have terabytes of photos that
               | look fine on screen, but if I printed it on an 8x10 to
               | hang up, they look like crap.
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | What really is the mark of a pro photographer, is
               | composition, and control of light.
               | 
               | My wife is a far better photographer than I am. We could
               | be standing next to each other, shooting the same
               | subject. When people look at my photos, they go "That's
               | great!", but when they look at hers, they forget all
               | about mine.
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | >Apple has introduced artificial bokeh, with their software.
         | 
         | Google did it first, on Android phones
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | I believe that. The Pixels have excellent cameras.
        
       | rileyphone wrote:
       | One of the nicer parts of mirrorless cameras the article touches
       | on briefly is the reduced focal distance makes it easy to adapt
       | older lenses with just a cheap tube. Combine with focus peaking
       | in viewfinder and sensor image stabilization and you have a great
       | platform for messing around with cheaper vintage glass like the
       | classic Helios lens. I'm hoping to get a Sony A7 II as it has all
       | these features, but it is hard to stomach watching the price go
       | up over time on a 7 year old camera!
        
         | sudosysgen wrote:
         | I have an A7ii, and I did the same with cheap vintage glass. It
         | is quite amazing! Eventually I upgraded to older canon EF
         | lenses with a Metabones adapter I found on local classifieds
         | for 100$. The AF isn't amazing, but it's good.
        
       | mkhpalm wrote:
       | The almost exclusive reason I never bought a DSLR is because
       | nobody ever saw the reason to add a GPS chip to encode exif data
       | into the pictures being taken. Sure, you could sometimes buy
       | another device and plug it into your already large device you
       | have to lug around to get that metadata. I just never wanted to
       | deal with all that for something so fundamental to digital
       | photography in my mind. I could however see the trade-off of the
       | larger form factor for the lenses. I was not going to lug around
       | and keep plugging in a GPS module though.
       | 
       | To me, going back 20+ years now I have been convinced that the
       | metadata is as important as the images themselves. I just got
       | tired of looking into it every few years, getting disappointed,
       | and trying to remember to go look again next year. Seemed like
       | phone cameras could deliver more of that baseline for digital
       | images should be underneath the lenses. When I look back on my
       | images I don't want to guess where they were taken or hope that
       | the timestamps were right. Using a DSLR was too risky to me. Too
       | much information about an image was lost like the most critical
       | bits of coordinates and accurate timestamps.
        
         | nayuki wrote:
         | For starters, consult the list at
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cameras_which_provide_...
         | . Most photographers I talked to have the opposite stance as
         | you - they care about grouping photos by event (vacation,
         | portrait session, hiking, etc.) but don't care about the exact
         | street. As you are in the minority, I can see why the cameras
         | are not reliably released with geotagging features.
         | 
         | I've used several cameras with geotagging capabilities and I'd
         | like to describe their quirks:
         | 
         | * Canon EOS 6D: Built-in GPS receiver. Drains a lot of battery,
         | especially if you set the update interval very short (1 second,
         | 10, 60, etc.). Takes unreasonably long to first acquire
         | location (easily 2~10 minutes). The weak receiver struggles
         | with urban canyons and airplane windows - phones have much
         | better receivers. Sometimes calculates completely wrong
         | coordinates that are ~10 km away. As a result, some photos
         | don't have geotags (slow acquisition) and some are wrong. But
         | the extra transfer step is mildly annoying.
         | 
         | * Canon EOS M6: Make sure camera has the correct time set
         | (can't be off by hours and days). Run the "Canon Camera
         | Connect" phone app and enable continuous location logging.
         | After shooting (e.g. end of day), use Wi-Fi to connect phone
         | and camera, and use the app to apply geotags onto the photos
         | after the fact. My phone is extremely accurate (GPS+GLONASS)
         | and supports indoor geolocation through Wi-Fi, so essentially
         | 100% of photos get tagged and mistagging is rare.
         | 
         | * Canon EOS RP: Use Bluetooth to pair the camera with the
         | phone. Must run the "Canon Camera Connect" phone app in the
         | background while shooting. Periodically check that the phone OS
         | didn't evict the app due to inactivity, quite annoyingly. Every
         | time you turn on the camera, wait 2~10 seconds for it to
         | connect to the phone, and then you'll get geolocation data at
         | the time of shooting. If the connection failed for whatever
         | reason, you cannot go back and add geotags to photos after the
         | fact.
         | 
         | Even though the Canon app can connect to all 3 aforementioned
         | cameras over Wi-Fi, their geotagging functionalities are
         | completely non-overlapping. You cannot send geotags to the 6D
         | at all. You cannot geotag the M6 in real time. You cannot send
         | geotags to the RP after a photo is shot.
         | 
         | By contrast, when you shoot a photo on a phone, it gets
         | geotagged automatically with no fuss. The phone's accurate
         | GPS+GLONASS+WiFi sensors are used (unlike the slow and
         | inaccurate 6D), you don't have to do manual actions after
         | shooting (unlike the M6 synchronization), and you don't need to
         | wait because the phone geolocation service is always ready
         | (unlike the 6D and RP).
        
         | densh wrote:
         | Canon 6D was one of the few DSLRs that had built-in GPS
         | support, but the feature wasn't that successful since most
         | people preferred to keep it off to save battery life.
        
         | epivosism wrote:
         | 100% support this. It's unbelievable that my 100k+ DSLR photos
         | over 15 years are not connected to their location when it would
         | have been so easy. (I would have gladly carried a multiple
         | pound extra battery to support always-on GPS).
        
         | vmladenov wrote:
         | I was bothered by this too, but this app works well enough for
         | me to where I don't miss the lack of a builtin module
         | https://www.geotagphotos.net/
        
       | formerly_proven wrote:
       | Small differences in flange distance are less important than is
       | often thought in the photo-tech-gawking sphere because it doesn't
       | per se limit the back-focal distance of a lens design; note how
       | in most non-tele lenses the back element is inside the mount or
       | protudes out of the lens mount. Flange distance is merely a
       | property of the mechanical interface, not an optical property.
       | E.g. some people argue that Canon RF has to be worse than Nikon Z
       | because the flange distance is 2 mm longer, but if you look at
       | the available designs both have lenses with a BFD of 10 or 11 mm.
       | 
       | The article mentions image-side telecentrism for reduced
       | aberrations. This is another talking point often brought forth;
       | "the big mount allows a rear element so big that it can cover the
       | image sensor with a near-telecentric swath of rays". Again, if
       | you do a reality check here you'll notice that the chief ray
       | angle (the angle between the chief ray of a ray bundle on the
       | image circle to the image plane; chief rays are those crossing
       | the center of the aperture) in actual lens designs is nowhere
       | near 0deg and is instead somewhere between 35-50deg. Part of that
       | equation is certainly that microlenses are offset as you leave
       | the center of the sensor, so essentially sensors are designed for
       | a particular range of CRAs and will not do well if you go way out
       | of that range. Like the wide-angle rangefinder primes usually
       | did: putting these on a digital camera results in strange color
       | shifts towards the edges of the frame.
        
         | azalemeth wrote:
         | I'm moderately convinced that this is all about manufacturing
         | costs. SLRs are complex beasts with mechanical parts that need
         | to be made to very tight tolerances and eventually wear out.
         | The physicist in my knows that numerical aperture, the various
         | inevitable trade-offs made in lens design and ultimately sensor
         | size are _really_ what limits optical performance. Going
         | mirrorless means that you can spend the budget on these
         | components rather than the mirrorbox and pentaprism  /
         | pentamirror on the top and the associated electronics with the
         | viewfinder. It's not necessarily a bad thing, but it is above
         | all a business decision and not really a scientific one.
         | 
         | I personally like my [pentax] dSLR a lot -- the batteries last
         | _for ever_ as a consequence of the fact that most of the time
         | all the power-hungry electrical components are off. The optical
         | compensation with the viewfinder and my eye works perfectly,
         | and I _like_ the fact that, unlike an EVF, it will give me a
         | human representation of how bright or dark a scene is. Put a
         | long telephoto lens on, and watch everything get darker. I very
         | much  "feel" that the process of pressing the shutter button
         | connects me with the physics of what I am doing in a very
         | visceral way.
        
           | to11mtm wrote:
           | Manufacturing costs are a big part of it. Its safe to assume
           | the AF Sensors for a given segment (often as much a
           | differentiator as megapixels in DSLRs) are fairly
           | custom/proprietary widgets and thus more expensive, compared
           | to Sensors where often costs are more amortized (i.e. Nikon
           | using Sony sensors.)
        
           | xdennis wrote:
           | How so? Aren't DSLRs cheaper than mirrorless cameras?
        
             | pas wrote:
             | Are they cheaper on a cost basis or cheaper due to current
             | supply-demand? (Ie mirrorless is in demand, DSLRs are not.)
        
           | Tagbert wrote:
           | Cost and customer preference for a more compact camera.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | And quite importantly: lighter, and longer battery life.
             | Displays, CPU, RAM, flashlights and storage use a ton of
             | power, anything that can save on that is useful.
        
               | cozzyd wrote:
               | DSLR's have longer battery life unless you're constantly
               | taking pictures (and consequently are lighter since the
               | battery can be smaller), since the sensors is typically
               | off (whereas in mirrorless it's constantly going to the
               | EVF).
               | 
               | The majority of the size of the camera is going to be in
               | the lens anyway. Mirrorless is not going to make your
               | telephoto any smaller*
               | 
               | The two advantages mirrorless really has over DSLR (other
               | than... lack of a mirror which makes it cheaper) is
               | faster photo rates (since you don't have to move the
               | sensor, though modern DSLRs have liveview anyway, though
               | not through the VF), and the fact that the EVF shows the
               | effects of ISO/exposure/etc (though again, modern DSLRs
               | have liveview, though not through the VF).
        
               | azalemeth wrote:
               | Ironically, those are all arguments against a mirrorless
               | camera and towards a DSLR, swapping an EVF's circuitry
               | and screen for five lightweight mirrors. My Pentax is
               | built like a brick and quite sturdy, but a modern low-end
               | Canon DSLR is amazingly light and really quite
               | surprisingly so: the 250D is 419 g.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Interesting, yes, that is a good point if the camera is
               | 'on' more than off between shots. The DSLrs that I'm
               | familiar with all have whopping large batteries vs the
               | mirrorless ones that come with puny little cells.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | Shorter flange distances do mean that retrofocusing design can
         | be avoided, and an equivalent optical setup can be made much
         | smaller.
         | 
         | For example, a Voigtlander 35/1.2 lens for mirrorless full
         | frame is about 60mm (diameter) x 60mm (length) while I don't
         | know of any equivalent lens for an SLR that is less than
         | 90x120mm.
         | 
         | Also, you can't have the rear element go too far behind the
         | flange distance of an SLR without getting smacked by the
         | mirror. With mirrorless this isn't an issue. But you don't want
         | your ray angles to be too extreme or the microlenses won't
         | focus well onto the photosite.
        
       | abdullahkhalids wrote:
       | I want to use a RPi to take pictures of objects within 1-6 inches
       | of the lens? Does anyone have any recommendations? The smaller
       | the lens, the better.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | DSLR's are dead because they can't do the stuff phone cameras can
       | do on the software side. No DSLR can take 100 raw frames inside
       | 100 milliseconds and do optical flow and stacking to get a higher
       | resolution, reduced noise, nobody-blinks photo.
       | 
       | None have 3 lenses like an iphone to be able to generate a depth
       | map and use it for smart stuff like software-adjustable focus
       | after taking the photo.
       | 
       | Best you can hope for with DSLR's is 10 raw frames in 100
       | milliseconds, and a lot of effort in lightroom or photoshop to
       | manually overlay and select frames with the least motion blur and
       | best face of each person.
        
         | sudosysgen wrote:
         | Actually, mirorless cameras CAN generate a depth map from their
         | phase detection sensors.
         | 
         | They also can take multiple frames and stack them
         | automatically, either for higher resolution or lower noise.
         | 
         | But the thing is, there's no reason you would want 100 raw
         | frames in 100ms (which no phone can do, that's 168Gbps of
         | bandwidth, the sensor interface can only do around 8-12 Gbps),
         | instead of a single 20ms exposure from a large, high resolution
         | sensor.
         | 
         | A 35mm sensor will, in that 30ms exposure, accumulate around 20
         | times as much light in the best conditions for the phone
         | (normal focal length) taking 100 pictures in 100ms. If you're
         | using the wide angle or the "telephoto" lens, now the big
         | sensor is now accumulating anywhere from 40 to 200 times more
         | light.
         | 
         | The big sensor can have three times the resolution or more, and
         | actually make full use of that resolution. At that quality, no
         | amount of image stacking can improve the resolution unless you
         | have a 2000$ lens and a tripod to use sensor shift mode - which
         | a mirorless camera can also do.
         | 
         | In the end, even if your algorithms are perfect, you will
         | always have a much lower resolution and much higher noise on
         | the phone, no matter how much image stacking you do. At that
         | point, you improve by using AI to replace the imperfections
         | with plausible looking generated replacements. You can also do
         | that well on a computer, but in most cases this only makes it
         | worse, because there aren't the imperfections to begin with.
         | 
         | If you decide to remove frames without motion blur and
         | imperfect faces, now you go from 100 pictures to stack to maybe
         | 10. At that point, the critical parts of your picture will only
         | have 8ms or so of actual exposure vs 20ms on the MILC. But the
         | 20ms exposure also has 50-300x more light in it, so now your
         | phone camera is way behind.
         | 
         | So it ends up being better to just crank up the shutter speed
         | to 1/200 and get a 5ms full sensor exposure, as the critical
         | parts of your picture will have more light, less noise, and
         | more detail than the stacked version you take on your phone.
        
       | anyfactor wrote:
       | I think there was a peak in hobby photography after the
       | introduction of consumer grade DSLR cameras, which in my opinion
       | is slowly fading away. The bulkiness of having a dedicated camera
       | to take pictures, stopped making sense to me. For special
       | photography needs I can rent or borrow a friends camera like my
       | parents used to do in the SLR days.
       | 
       | Like most other things in life we are progressively choosing
       | convenience over features and photography just reached it's limit
       | to add new and useful features.
        
         | wombatmobile wrote:
         | > I think there was a peak in hobby photography
         | 
         | By "hobby photography" it sounds like you mean SLR hobby
         | photography. Of course, hobby photography has boomed off the
         | charts with phones.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, professional photography is nearly an extinct
         | profession.
         | 
         | Over the last 20 years, as print publications were replaced by
         | online, the professions of journalist and press photographer
         | declined to the point where they now hardly exist.
        
           | anyfactor wrote:
           | Say you are buying a car at pre-tesla days. There is plenty
           | of competition in the market and there is no clear market
           | leader. You need to buy because you have to buy a car. The
           | features never add much to anything and you make your
           | decision based on recommendation and the reputation.
           | 
           | Now, you are making cars and you want people to buy more car.
           | How can they do that? Upping the speed of your average
           | consumer vehicle? Making it more mobile? Making generic
           | upgrades in comfort features? Essentially adding units to
           | existing features isn't a viable sales strategy. They can do
           | nothing to have an uptick in car sales by just adding units
           | to the features they offer.
           | 
           | Now you have the entire camera industry. Since the advent of
           | decent mobile photography, you don't have to buy camera, so
           | the manufacturer are already in a bad position. Then as far
           | as innovation they are just adding units to existing
           | features. More megapixels, better low light capabilities,
           | higher FPS and that's about it. There isn't any effort or
           | innovation in delivering something that is featurewise a new
           | concept. There isn't anything that warrants someone to buy
           | and carry it.
        
       | zygy wrote:
       | What's the tech advancement/invention that pushed mirrorless
       | cameras past DSLR?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | WithinReason wrote:
         | I'm guessing fast enough digital processing of the image
        
         | sidhuko wrote:
         | Integrated sensors really. Things like AF would work on
         | different sensors in DSLR. Sony removed the mirror and put
         | everything on the sensor. Fast AF tracking, shorter distance
         | between sensor and lens so better low light capability.
        
         | rythie wrote:
         | I think it's a number of things.
         | 
         | Interchangeable lens cameras now all have video features and
         | increasingly most of the improvements are in that area. When
         | SLRs are used for video the mirror needs to be flipped up and
         | auto-focus system that is used for photos can't be used, so the
         | camera need another one on the sensor. In this case the mirror
         | is redundant and the viewfinder can't be used.
         | 
         | Tracking of fast moving subject is difficult with a SLR, the
         | SLR cannot see the image in viewfinder mode only a focus module
         | can, which likely only has a few hundred focus points (or less)
         | and those points often don't reach the edge of the frame.
         | Additionally mirrorless cameras are able track a subject eye
         | using AI and keep that in focus. A SLR cannot do this in the
         | viewfinder mode as the focus sensor does not have nearly enough
         | resolution to recognise small item like an eye or to know that
         | it is an eye.
         | 
         | Burst shooting is also difficult on a SLR, for each shot the
         | mirror needs to flip up and down and the focus module use a
         | brief period to change focus. Canon is/was the leader in sports
         | photography cameras. The highest end Canon SLR camera can do
         | 16fps with autofocus, but 20fps with the mirror up. The Sony a1
         | (mirrorless) can do 30fps. These fast shooting rates are only
         | possible with mirrorless cameras.
        
       | Aardwolf wrote:
       | Excuse me for this very uninformed question, but (D)SLR, as far
       | as I can tell, is about using a prism to split light, to allow
       | having a viewfinder.
       | 
       | Why does a digital camera need a prism for it, can't the digital
       | sensor directly show the image on screen (or viewfinder, do
       | photographers still look through a viewfinder?)
       | 
       | Or does DSLR stand here for any camera with exchangeable lenses?
       | Does the article mean professional cameras with exchangeable
       | lenses are dead?
        
         | zimpenfish wrote:
         | > can't the digital sensor directly show the image on screen
         | 
         | A bunch of them do -
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_viewfinder - but a
         | screen or viewfinder isn't going to have the same kind of
         | resolution as your eyes when you're trying to judge
         | focus/DoF/etc.
        
         | hylaride wrote:
         | A digital camera doesn't need a prism...anymore. When DSLRs
         | first came to market two decades ago, they didn't do video.
         | Even if they did, the batteries at the time wouldn't have held
         | up for long shoots for weddings, sporting events, etc if they
         | were showing video in the screen.
         | 
         | As the article states, the move to mirrorless cameras is now
         | pretty much a given. Canon announced their latest DSLR will be
         | the last.
        
         | dale_glass wrote:
         | Several reasons:
         | 
         | * Until fairly recently, cameras couldn't focus well using just
         | the sensor. The simple sensor-based focusing is based on
         | contrast, and the problem with the method is that the camera
         | can't tell whether it's as focused as it can get, or in which
         | direction should focus be changed. So the camera constantly
         | "hunts". You can see that happening a lot on youtube with
         | people trying to show stuff from close (eg, Bosnian Bill, AvE
         | very often have this problem).
         | 
         | * Phase focusing fixes this issue, but initially couldn't be
         | incorporated into the sensor. The mirror in DSLRs bounces light
         | into the better focus detectors, which are located on the
         | bottom of the camera. Here's an illustration of the system:
         | https://photographylife.com/how-phase-detection-autofocus-wo...
         | 
         | * Sensors get hot when they're constantly lit. Cameras refuse
         | to keep taking pictures when it overheats. A DSLR's sensor can
         | cool off while the mirror is blocking it.
         | 
         | * Sometimes the viewfinder is the better way, eg, if the LCD
         | can't overpower the sun. Making a good digital viewfinder is
         | harder than just optics.
         | 
         | * An optical viewfinder has no lag and almost zero battery
         | usage
         | 
         | But yes, mirrorless is definitely the future. The DSLR was a
         | technical compromise, and in fact mirrorless has advantages of
         | its own:
         | 
         | * As this article says, DSLRs require a large separation
         | between the sensor and lens to make room for the mirror, and
         | that makes some kinds of lenses hard to design. Mirrorless
         | cameras can use whatever distance works best.
         | 
         | * Also, the mirror is a pretty delicate, very quickly moving
         | piece that creates vibration, and this needs taking into
         | account. It's common to incorporate a delay to allow for
         | vibration to settle, or to use a special mode where the mirror
         | is permanently kept up for the cases in which vibration needs
         | to be minimized. Mirrorless cameras don't have a moving mirror,
         | so this is not an issue.
        
         | rileyphone wrote:
         | Photographers definitely still need viewfinders, but only
         | recently did the pixel densities of digital ones reach the
         | point where they are an acceptable replacement for looking
         | directly through the lens. This also means mirrorless cameras
         | can add features to the viewfinder like focus peaking
         | (highlighting the areas that are focused).
        
         | treis wrote:
         | >Excuse me for this very uninformed question, but (D)SLR, as
         | far as I can tell, is about using a prism to split light, to
         | allow having a viewfinder.
         | 
         | They have a mirror that reflects light to the view finder. The
         | mirror flips out of the way to let the light hit the sensor.
         | 
         | What you describe are called mirror less and is the revolution
         | the article is about. They've been around for a while now but
         | the combination of sensor, battery, and screen improvements
         | have finally reached the point where the disadvantages are
         | mostly gone.
        
         | kjkjadksj wrote:
         | By not using a screen dslrs have 3x or more the battery life of
         | a given mirrorless camera.
        
         | LegitShady wrote:
         | >Or does DSLR stand here for any camera with exchangeable
         | lenses? Does the article mean professional cameras with
         | exchangeable lenses are dead?
         | 
         | No. By removing the mirror-prism system as mirrorless cameras
         | with interchangeable lenses have, you can bring the lens a lot
         | closer to the sensor which opens up design choices that
         | couldn't happen during the SLR or DSLR era. That's exactly what
         | the article is describing.
         | 
         | The article just does a fairly subtle job of explaining it:
         | 
         | >These new lenses and lens mounts differ in one special way
         | from previous generations. They aren't limited by the design of
         | the camera. The distance between the sensor and lens can be
         | whatever the manufacturer wants it to be for the best results.
         | With that limitation out of the way, lenses can embrace the
         | advantages of rangefinder lenses, without their disadvantages.
         | 
         | That being said its going to be a while before I declare DSLRs
         | dead, because the great majority of people will be
         | extraordinarily well served by a modern SLR, and I buy all my
         | camera equipment used anyways.
        
         | crote wrote:
         | A screen on the back of a camera is lit up by the environment,
         | so it needs to be extremely bright to work properly in direct
         | sunlight while also having zero backlight bleed in near
         | darkness. Viewfinders solve this issue.
         | 
         | The problem with live preview from a digital sensor is that the
         | sensor needs to be able to stream the entire image constantly.
         | Early sensors were not designed for this, and would often
         | overheat quite quickly. It also needs to update often enough to
         | not be jittery, and in low light conditions early digital
         | sensors just weren't sensitive enough. You also need an
         | extremely high-resolution viewfinder screen to provide enough
         | detail for things like focus. Those didn't exist yet either.
         | 
         | One thing to keep in mind is that it was definitely _possible_
         | : consumer cameras did it quite early on! But the quality was
         | quite poor: good enough for holiday snapshots, but not nearly
         | good enough for professional photographers. Sticking to the
         | DSLR approach was a no-brainer for them.
         | 
         | Also, a (D)SLR doesn't _split_ light: a mirror flips down in
         | front of the sensor to reflect the light into the viewfinder.
         | When you take an image the mirror flips up, allowing light to
         | fall onto the sensor.
        
           | nayuki wrote:
           | > a (D)SLR doesn't split light
           | 
           | It actually does. When you're not taking a picture, the main
           | mirror is down. But there is a translucent part of the main
           | mirror that goes to a secondary mirror that goes to the
           | autofocus sensor below.
           | https://keyassets.timeincuk.net/inspirewp/live/wp-
           | content/up... ;
           | https://www.amateurphotographer.co.uk/technique/how-
           | focusing... ; https://alison.com/course/1326/resource/file/re
           | source_200-14...
           | 
           | Moreover, there are camera designs with a fixed mirror that
           | always splits between the main sensor and AF sensor (but not
           | viewfinder): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_SLT_camera
        
         | nayuki wrote:
         | The film SLR was the predecessor of DSLRs. Back then, you
         | basically had two choices - preview through a different lens
         | than you shoot with (twin-lens reflex, rangefinder), or preview
         | through the same lens that you shoot with (single-lens reflex).
         | In an SLR design, you need a way to swap between the light path
         | to the film versus the light path to the viewfinder, and a
         | mirror and prism is the most practical way to do so.
         | 
         | Yes, a DSLR can simply show in real time what is being captured
         | on the sensor - this is called "live view" and was introduced
         | some years after the first DSLR, as it's not a critical
         | feature. But live view drains a lot of battery. It also had
         | terribly slow and inaccurate autofocus using contrast
         | detection, but was improved using phase detection (e.g. Canon
         | DPAF). Another consideration is that live view takes a second
         | or two to start up, whereas most DSLRs will let you pick up a
         | camera from idle and shoot through the viewfinder in a fraction
         | of a second.
         | 
         | > any camera with exchangeable lenses
         | 
         | These are called interchangeable-lens cameras (ILC), a category
         | which has significant overlap with but isn't identical to
         | DSLRs.
         | 
         | > professional cameras with exchangeable lenses are dead?
         | 
         | Mirrorless cameras with interchangeable lenses (MILC) are
         | quickly becoming the new professional gear.
        
         | Lio wrote:
         | Yep totally possible, that's what a mirrorless camera like
         | micro-4/3 does.
         | 
         | Many DSLRs also let lock the mirror up and just view via
         | sensor.
         | 
         | In theory running the sensor continuously generates heat that
         | can lead to image noise.
         | 
         | Realistically though the sensors are now so good that you don't
         | need to worry about it.
        
         | frostburg wrote:
         | Digital cameras don't really need it but DSLR cameras needed
         | the apparatus for phase detection autofocus anyway. This isn't
         | really a concern anymore.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | Exactly it does not mean exchangeable lens, just the inferior
         | mirror/prism technology is being killed.
         | 
         | The article eventually becomes clear about that.
         | 
         | Mirrorless cameras that look the same as DSLRs are still
         | thriving.
        
         | tticvs wrote:
         | What you are describing is called a "mirrorless" camera which
         | is what the article says will be the future. They also have
         | interchangeable lenses, but there are less constraints on the
         | design since they don't have to interface with another optical
         | system, just the digital sensor, which is the main point the
         | article is trying to make.
        
       | biztos wrote:
       | I can't quite RTFA because I have an ad blocker, but I will say
       | -- Full-frame mirrorless is a revolution in _cheap_ lenses for
       | anyone serious about artistic photography. Which I hope would
       | include most cinematographers.
       | 
       | Last summer I bought a 40-year-old lens in so-so condition on
       | Etsy for $20 and have made wonderful photos with it. I plan to
       | spend more on old glass.
       | 
       | This is only possible because the mirrorless systems allow
       | adapting these lenses where most DSLR systems did not. And a lot
       | of the old glass makes _nicer pictures_ -- not sharper, but
       | nicer.
       | 
       | Just search eBay for "canon FD lens Japan" and you will find the
       | tip of this wonderful iceberg.
        
         | spekcular wrote:
         | "And a lot of the old glass makes nicer pictures -- not
         | sharper, but nicer."
         | 
         | I hear this a lot, and every time I grow more skeptical. On
         | every conceivable technical measure, new lenses are superior to
         | older ones. The single advantage of old lenses is, as you say,
         | they are cheap. (I got a metal Nikon 50mm f/1.4, manual focus,
         | for less than $100 on eBay!)
         | 
         | Unless you can point to some objective property of older lenses
         | in general that assists them in taking better pictures, I'm
         | forced to conclude that this claim is just a photographic
         | superstition.
         | 
         | For certain lenses, like the old Nikon 105 2.5, you might be
         | able to do this! But for old lenses in general I think not.
         | 
         | (Another thought: maybe you find the extra distortion and tint
         | of old lenses pleasing?)
        
           | NoSorryCannot wrote:
           | I think you're onto something at the end there! The commenter
           | was almost certainly talking about subjectively "nicer"
           | photos that have been made more interesting by the use of
           | flawed lenses.
           | 
           | And this isn't an uncommon idea either. It is the idea behind
           | lensbaby, Lomography, and the slightest resurgence of
           | Polaroid.
        
             | spekcular wrote:
             | My (superficial) understanding is something like: even with
             | modern lens technology, certain design tradeoffs have to be
             | made, e.g. between distortion and other aspects of lens
             | performance. I have heard it said that accepting some
             | distortion makes lenses that take pictures that look closer
             | to those taken by "old school" film photography lenses, and
             | also that Fujifilm deliberately favors relatively more
             | distortion in their lens designs for exactly this reason. I
             | think my original source for this is Thom Hogan's blog - I
             | have not checked the technical specs to verify it (which
             | you can easily do if you're curious by browsing lens review
             | sites). But if it's true, maybe it's useful information to
             | someone here!
             | 
             | But, the coatings on modern lenses are _amazing_...
        
         | themodelplumber wrote:
         | (I tried reading the article without an ad blocker. When I was
         | nearing the end, a full screen modal popped up. Closing it
         | caused the browser to instantly return to the top of the
         | article. Sigh...)
         | 
         | That's interesting about the old glass. Personally I'm into
         | portable superzooms lately, because of the usual distance to
         | fauna in my area, and also it's fun to ID and capture the big
         | passenger jets at sunset. But I'd really like to explore the
         | kinds of lenses you mentioned someday. You can definitely see a
         | difference with the lens changes.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | > I can't quite RTFA because I have an ad blocker
         | 
         | https://outline.com/ZFnBEd
        
       | vmception wrote:
       | This isn't about killing off interchangeable lens cameras that
       | look like DSLRs, its about killing off actual DSLRs
       | 
       | Theyre just getting rid of the inferior mirror technology, the
       | thing that flips in front of the sensor, not conceding to phones
       | 
       | The entire sony a7 line, for example, is still going to be made
       | 
       | its kind of a troll discussion but its a good thing to happen
       | because SLRs have been associated with a look or form factor too
       | long and its time for that ambiguity and term to die.
        
         | perardi wrote:
         | I'm going to dispute, a little, that mirrors are inherently
         | inferior.
         | 
         | 1. It's only recently that the very best mirrorless cameras
         | (Sony A1, Nikon Z9) have really reached the autofocus
         | capabilities of the best SLRs...and arguably, they still aren't
         | quite there. It's close, but a Nikon D6 is still a bit better--
         | but certainly not worse. The dedicated phase detection sensor
         | is powerful. If only because you get more phase separation.
         | 
         | 2. A DSLR, used like a film camera, has what feels like a
         | perpetual motion machine inside of it. Just wild battery life.
         | My old Nikon D700 had wayyyyy better battery life than a
         | current camera, beacause if you kept the screen off, you were
         | hardly touching the electronics in the camera. The imaging
         | sensor was almost always asleep, and drawing next to no power.
         | 
         | Obviously mirrors have drawbacks. Phase detect sensor/imaging
         | plane alignment issues, and they are big and clunky, but they
         | have benefits.
        
           | AuryGlenz wrote:
           | I disagree with you in the autofocus front for most use. I
           | have a D850 and Z6ii strapped to me for most jobs and the
           | only time I don't find the Z6ii to be leagues better is in
           | heavy backlighting or extremely dark scenes.
           | 
           | My hit rate for wedding dances goes way, way up when using
           | the Z6ii. For regular portraiture they're both fine, but only
           | with the Z6ii can I get the front eye tack sharp 90% of the
           | time at f/1.4.
           | 
           | Sports might be another matter, but I did some Polar Plunges
           | last year mostly with the Z6ii and it did extremely well.
           | That has people running and jumping in to water, and it
           | usually kept their faces in focus until a splash obfuscated
           | them.
        
           | sudosysgen wrote:
           | Disagree. The best mirrorless cameras, say A7iv/A1, are a lot
           | better at focusing than any DSLR. Not only do they focus
           | accurately, but they have eye-detection AF. Yes, it will take
           | slightly longer for them to give you the AF confirmation in
           | some scenarios, but that's because they only give focus
           | confirmation when it's actually perfectly sharp on the
           | sensor. No DSLR can do that, because of the way dedicated
           | phase detection sensors work.
           | 
           | As far as battery life, you're right, but now that battery
           | banks are a thing I don't think it's a real issue for those
           | days you're going to be shooting for 4+ hours, and otherwise
           | they're just so convenient to charge by usb-c
        
           | vmception wrote:
           | Yes, I agree with all except the drawbacks weigh much more
           | heavily, to me.
           | 
           | The wear and tear and sensitivity to brunt force of the
           | mirror mechanics make them inferior to me.
        
       | Terry_Roll wrote:
       | So by removing the mirror, you remove the lag in the camera
       | systems making future camera's become more like human eye capture
       | units which then has implications for AI development.
        
       | indymike wrote:
       | A few years back I bought a middle of the road Lumix micro four
       | thirds camera instead of DSLR. The reason I went with the MFT
       | camera is it could shoot 4k video without the sensor overheating.
       | At that time, DSLRs would overheat in 10-15 minutes and 4k
       | capable DSLR bodies were 2x more expensive than the MFT Lumix.
       | 
       | I really liked the mirrorless better than the last DSLR I owned.
       | MFT sensors can't deliver as much bokeh as a 35mm DSLR, but the
       | trade off was the body and lenses were a lot lighter and more
       | compact. I'll often grab the Lumix when I would have left the
       | bulkier DSLR home... and it really is a better camera than any
       | mobile phone I've used.
       | 
       | Compared to the phone (Samsung Galaxy S20), shots are much more
       | color accurate, it's easier to focus on exactly what you want,
       | and you get better lines in wider angle shots. That said, I'm
       | usually pretty happy with the phone, but I love being able to
       | change lenses and the precision of the camera (compared to the
       | phone).
        
       | sandGorgon wrote:
       | Has someone managed to do video conference calls (zoom, etc) with
       | functioning Bokeh without dslr ?
       | 
       | Cos I thought that the entire market was moving to video calls. I
       | don't think there's really any other way except to use a dslr
       | right ?
        
         | nullc wrote:
         | The replacement for the DSLR isn't tiny cameraphone sensors,
         | ... it's mirrorless cameras like the Canon R-series.
         | 
         | This cameras look and function like DSLRs but the the
         | viewfinder is electronic, not optical-- running the sensor like
         | a video camera.
         | 
         | IMO, it's much better than a DSLR and not just for the lens
         | design reasons mentioned in the article with about the only
         | downside being battery life.
         | 
         | I use one for teleconferencing, with the camera in a
         | teleprompter: https://files.catbox.moe/5p2p55.jpg
        
         | shagie wrote:
         | In order to have nice bokeh (a function of the aperture of the
         | lens), you also need to have a shallow enough depth of field at
         | a fairly close range.
         | 
         | As the sensor gets smaller, and the field of view remains
         | constant, the depth of field increases and so the opportunity
         | for bokeh disappears.
         | 
         | For pleasant bokeh in a video call, you're going to need a
         | larger sensor than the ones used in camera phones or laptop
         | screens - probably significantly so. Additionally, the lens is
         | going to be quite a bit larger to have good illumination across
         | the entire sensor.
         | 
         | From a cost perspective, the cost of the sensor has to do with
         | the yield of the wafer. It costs about the same to make a wafer
         | no matter what you put on it (with certain caveats of the
         | complexity of what you put on it).
         | 
         | https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/53826/why-does-inc...
         | 
         | If you're working from a full frame sensor, you can at best fit
         | 24x 24mmx36mm chips on a standard 8" wafer. Going to a 13.2mm x
         | 8.8mm sensor you can put 244 of them on the same wafer. Then
         | there's the yield on top of that which further reduces it.
         | 
         | This gets it to the point where "to have a nice depth of field
         | for a video call, you're going to need a camera that has
         | similar costs and dimensions of a good digital camera." Adding
         | that to a phone or laptop screen isn't possible.
         | 
         | That said, I wouldn't be unhappy to find an affordable usb
         | capable video camera with a nice lens on it (and maybe paired
         | with a ring light or off axis hot lights)... but that's
         | probably easily in the $300-$400 range.
        
       | Helmut10001 wrote:
       | Not sure about the lenses in the title - they state that most
       | lenses will remain compatible with newer mounts and some vintage
       | lenses even increase in popularity. So, this is like it has
       | always been: Buy expensive lenses, to keep them over 30+ years.
       | Buy cameras every 5-10 years, to get the new features. I have 15k
       | worth of lenses and they stick with me across camera upgrades. I
       | am not as far as attached to my cameras.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Camera bodies have pretty much become annual upgrades like
         | phones. There's nothing wrong with the one you have, but the
         | new one just has that "one more thing" to them.
        
           | sudosysgen wrote:
           | I disagree. There has been basically no improvement in image
           | quality (a tiny bit) since the Sony A7r2, which is now 7
           | years ago.
           | 
           | The image quality of phones still improves a lot every year,
           | though they are approaching their limit.
        
             | Helmut10001 wrote:
             | It is less about image quality but more about what you can
             | do with the cameras. Smaller? 60fps? 120fps? 360deg? AI?
             | 40MP? 100MP? All of this _can_ be an argument to upgrade,
             | even if image quality has improved zero.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | The A7r2 can do 42MP. It's not really practical to have
               | any more megapixels.
               | 
               | The rest of the things are useless to 99.9% of people, so
               | it's just a gimmick or convenience update. That's where
               | we're at for cameras.
               | 
               | Phones however still see big image quality improvements,
               | and you could take pictures that were previously
               | impossible as they added and improved suppmentary
               | cameras.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | We've already seen cameras running on Android.
               | Eventually, we'll see cameras with all of the artificial
               | image manipulation that you are seeing in the phones. I'm
               | not so sure that's a good thing, but it will be done. At
               | that point, it will be this annual update cycle
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | The A7r2 actually does run android. You can even sideload
               | APKs. It does some level of image manipulation, if you
               | ask it to. The issue is that photographers want to be in
               | control of their image, so the generally use RAW files.
               | Because of that, the artificial image manipulation is
               | left to your computer for best results (I often use the
               | new AI features of Lightroom, they're great)
        
           | thg wrote:
           | That's maybe true for Sony shooters obsessed with their spec
           | sheets, but bodies have usually been ageing fairly well for
           | the past few years.
           | 
           | The Nikon D850, for example, has been out for over 4 years
           | now and it's still among the best one can buy.
        
           | elxr wrote:
           | Not true at all. All camera makers take years (some times 5
           | or more) to update their sensors to newer versions.
           | 
           | And while feature updates like better EVFs or better video
           | specs are a bit more frequent, they aren't yearly. Probably
           | closer to 3 years for most brands other than Sony.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | I wan't meaning to imply each manufacturer releases a new
             | camera per year. It's sort of a leap frogging of each
             | vendor releasing something better than the other vendor's
             | previous release.
        
       | geerlingguy wrote:
       | Not dead, so much as not being made anymore, in the same
       | quantities as before. I still shoot Timelapses with my Nikon D700
       | and use it as a backup camera for some event photography. I often
       | use my old Nikon 60mm f/2.8 macro lens I picked up years ago for
       | a song.
       | 
       | I figure many people will be able to purchase amazing lenses
       | (maybe not the legendary ones, those will always be collectible)
       | for a very good price as more of the (admittedly shrinking)
       | photographers of the world switch systems and get tired of
       | adapting their old lenses.
        
       | rfreiberger wrote:
       | I started with SLR's in high school photography and loved how you
       | could see just what the camera was doing. Using the Pentax K1000
       | with a 50mm 2.0 lens (at the time was a super cheap combo kit)
       | just inspired me to really learn more about photography. When I
       | moved to DSLR's later, it was even better, I could now see the
       | images and taken nearly endless amount photos.
       | 
       | But I started to get bogged down trying to take a full bag of
       | lenses and large DSLR to social events or traveling. I found that
       | I was spending more time behind the lens with the technical side
       | vs spending time capturing the moment. Sold off my kit and went
       | with a Fuji X100T, fixed length compact camera. It's not great
       | for action but worked wonderfully capturing the kids and with the
       | fully silent mode, very well for weddings.
       | 
       | Once my phone camera quality started to approach my camera, I
       | stopped using the Fuji as much and followed the rule of "the best
       | camera you have is the one you carry". While I love having that
       | dedicated camera, just having the live cloud backup, apps to
       | edit, made my next decision to be an upgraded phone over a
       | camera. It's hard to hear the news about Canon especially, the
       | 70-200mm F/2.8 IS lens is simply amazing and I rented a 85mm
       | f/1.2 which is the lens for portraits.
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | Likewise, when it came time to upgrade my camera drawer, I
         | decided spending a bit more on the iPhone Pro made more sense
         | then a new body or lens. Glad I did, as it's always in my
         | pocket.
         | 
         | I do still have a pair of Olympus u4/3 bodies and ~5 lenses for
         | special occasions. Vacations, wildlife, etc.
        
           | rfreiberger wrote:
           | The biggest reason why I held off on the camera was missing
           | the fisheye lens, once that became a common feature, I was
           | pretty much sold going with the phone over a camera.
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | My use case for the camera are wildlife (reach), low-light
             | (phones can't beat a moderately priced f1.8 lens), and
             | macro (haven't tried an iPhone 13 Pro yet).
        
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