[HN Gopher] Apple complies with Dutch ruling, lets dating apps u...
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       Apple complies with Dutch ruling, lets dating apps use other
       payment systems
        
       Author : sAbakumoff
       Score  : 134 points
       Date   : 2022-01-15 12:14 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (nltimes.nl)
 (TXT) w3m dump (nltimes.nl)
        
       | olliej wrote:
       | Everyone is quoting 30%.
       | 
       | For the majority of apps it's 15%.
       | 
       | That commission is _not_ a payment processing fee, it 's very
       | clearly a platform commission as has been common in the industry
       | for 30-40 years at this point.
       | 
       | All this (and the similar rulings elsewhere) seem to confirm is
       | that
       | 
       | * A developer can use their own preferred payment processor
       | 
       | * A developer still has to pay the platform commission
       | 
       | Finally, no one in their right mind should think that even if
       | there was a reduction in commission that prices would decrease.
       | We already have direct evidence: Both Google and Apple dropped
       | platform commission to 15% for the vast majority of apps and
       | there was no reduction in app prices. Additionally it is common
       | sense: app devs already know that you will pay X for an app, if
       | they get an arbitrary reduction in expenses through any mechanism
       | why would they reduce their prices? This is the same flaw present
       | in trickle-down economics. The price for _anything_ is determined
       | by what the market will bare, not the cost of production - this
       | is as true for an app, as it is for an NFT, as it is for a
       | banana.
        
       | wdb wrote:
       | Nice, so they going to lower the subscription prices now that
       | they don't need to pay the 30% cut from Apple?
        
         | cute_boi wrote:
         | "The ruling allows dating app developers to avoid the
         | commission fee between 15 to 30 percent Apple charges. "
         | 
         | Looks like everybody gangsta till regulator steps in.
        
           | gonzo41 wrote:
           | Apple is/was just making hay whilst the sun shined. I know
           | many on this site would disagree, but regulation generally is
           | for everyone's benefit. Just like a healthy progressive
           | taxation system.
        
             | mlindner wrote:
             | Most regulations I have been directly impacted by that have
             | happened since I was born have made my life harder or worse
             | in some way, so I strongly disagree.
             | 
             | Two easy examples:
             | 
             | Obama passing health care regulations greatly increased my
             | health insurance costs.
             | 
             | EPA mandating new regulations on "safety" of gas cans has
             | made gas cans nearly unusable with dangerous splashing of
             | gasoline when using them.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | I can point to dozens of regulations in the EU that have
               | made my life better as a resident of an EU country. Some
               | very easy examples off the top of my head that I have
               | benefitted from; no roaming charges between EU countries,
               | PDO regulations, EURO standards for car fuel, Freedom of
               | movement in the EU (and pet passports), Flight
               | compensation and working time directive. Sure I can pick
               | some out that suck, but that doesn't mean that they are
               | all bad; overwhelmingly they are positive changes.
        
               | jkaplowitz wrote:
               | Obamacare's impacts varied. In NY, Obamacare at least
               | temporarily lowered healthcare premiums despite being a
               | new regulation. Most of those rules were already in place
               | within NY state law, but the introduction of the employer
               | and individual mandates added many healthy people to the
               | risk pool, fixing a pre-existing adverse selection
               | problem and therefore lowering premiums. The Obamacare
               | risk corridor provisions also helped.
               | 
               | I only say "at least temporarily" lowering premiums to
               | reflect subsequent events, like the removal of the
               | individual mandate and the risk corridor, and the general
               | increase in healthcare costs over time.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | >Two easy examples:
               | 
               | >Obama passing health care regulations greatly increased
               | my health insurance costs.
               | 
               | This is called paying into a system to support others in
               | society who suffer healthcare events. Sucks if you are
               | healthy and never need healthcare, nice for when you get
               | hit with a NICU baby, cancer, heart attack, or any other
               | healthcare event where you need hundreds of thousands or
               | millions of dollars of healthcare.
               | 
               | ACA explicitly transfers wealth from the young and/or
               | health to the old and/or sick. There is no other way to
               | provide more healthcare to more people, at current levels
               | of healthcare supply.
               | 
               | Of course, letting people go without healthcare if they
               | cannot afford it is also a perfectly valid position.
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | Not necessarily. Now smaller software shops can now make a
         | healthy margin to pay their engineers and grow their product.
         | This will result in higher quality software and services.
        
         | the_other wrote:
         | Not if you believe the complaints that 30% is too much "Apple
         | Tax". No, they'll keep the price the same and use the profit to
         | improve their apps and business model.
         | 
         | (Can you see my crossed fingers?)
        
         | axlee wrote:
         | It's already the case: if you buy your subscription on
         | tinder.com rather than within the app itself, it is noticeably
         | cheaper.
        
         | olliej wrote:
         | No.
         | 
         | The commission charged by apple is not a payment processing
         | fee. It's a platform licensing fee, as has been common practice
         | in the industry since day 1.
         | 
         | What this means is that the companies are allowed to use a
         | separate company to charge users, and now _they_ are required
         | to manage refunds, etc themselves in line with local laws and
         | the apple license.
         | 
         | Now they also have to manually track everything and pay apple
         | the appropriate 15-30% licensing fee.
        
         | bradly wrote:
         | They have now seen consumers are willing to pay the higher
         | price with the 30%, so it would seem unlikely to me.
        
       | saagarjha wrote:
       | To provide more insight, this is what the process is:
       | 
       | * There are two new entitlements related to this, which you ask
       | Apple to give you if you're a dating app.
       | 
       | * Once you get the entitlements, you need to create a new version
       | of your app (it cannot be the same as your international one)
       | that will ship _exclusively_ in the Netherlands with that
       | entitlement.
       | 
       | * Details of how this entitlement work will come at a later date.
       | 
       | * Apple will still charge a commission on these purchases, the
       | details of which will also come at a later date.
       | 
       | * It is your privilege/responsibility to conflict resolution with
       | regards to refunds and such.
       | 
       | In essence, Apple complied with the law in the narrowest terms
       | they could, but they did indeed change things and I suspect many
       | companies will go through this process even if it's made somewhat
       | inconvenient. I guess what remains to be seen is if these
       | entitlements slowly get rolled out in other countries as they
       | also enact legislation to require it.
        
         | imchillyb wrote:
         | > ...Apple complied with the law...
         | 
         | This is the _only_ part that matters here. Doesn 't matter how
         | narrowly the law was complied with. Laws are the purview of
         | lawmakers. If the lawmakers leave loopholes in their
         | legislation all companies that can will avail themselves of
         | these loopholes.
         | 
         | Blame the legislators. Those assholes left barn-door sized
         | loopholes in their legal requirements for Apple's compliance.
        
           | Maarten88 wrote:
           | > Blame the legislators. Those assholes left barn-door sized
           | loopholes in their legal requirements for Apple's compliance.
           | 
           | Well that remains to be seen. The court just applied existing
           | law for this specific conflict. Apple was found not
           | complying, which is why the court issued this ruling. After
           | implementing this narrow change they probably still do not
           | comply. It would surprise me if dating apps would somehow be
           | legally different from any other app. Apple is just stalling
           | here. The next court case is going to cost money in addition
           | to broadening the requirements on Apple, I think.
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | I'm not sure it makes sense to blame legislators for
           | loopholes. Bugs exist all the time in a variety of products.
           | And few have to withstand the scrutiny of trillion dollar
           | companies paying experts to pour over every aspect to find
           | them.
        
             | Y-bar wrote:
             | I wonder if Apple restricting this to Netherlands only
             | complies with the EU Digital Single Market:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Single_Market
             | 
             | > The Geo-blocking regulation adopted by the EU in February
             | 2018 prohibits any attempt to restrict consumers access to
             | goods and services on e-commerce websites on the basis of
             | their nationality or country of residence and
             | establishment.[31]
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | I think they did a rather good job and personally expected
           | almost exactly this outcome given Apple's position, to be
           | honest. I was concerned that we'd get some sort of weird
           | "you're making these rules about us but we actually follow
           | the rules" that they did elsewhere that was a real
           | headscratcher.
        
           | solarkraft wrote:
           | You can be pretty sure that Apple lobbied hard to leave these
           | holes. The legislators are happy they can tell their voters
           | they finally did something and that they found a compromise.
           | 
           | It's a bit on us, the public, to not accept those alibi-type
           | compromises.
        
             | Maarten88 wrote:
             | I think Apple does not hold much sway over lawmakers here
             | in the Netherlands. US tech companies are not very popular
             | in general, and politicians are not corrupt for the most
             | part. Many laws originate in Brussels.
             | 
             | Incompetence/cluelessness and lack of resources around tech
             | is the bigger problem here.
        
         | maccard wrote:
         | > It is your privilege/responsibility to conflict resolution
         | with regards to refunds and such.
         | 
         | Every time the apple fee comes up, this part of the discussion
         | rarely comes up. This is a huge part of what you pay
         | Apple/Google for. Lets say you roll your own on top of stripe
         | [0]; each dispute/chargeback costs you $15 on top of the
         | transaction cost. On an app with $0.99 purchases, each dispute
         | will undo 15 purchases. If you get enough of these you _will_
         | be banned, quickly and with very little warning. I'm not going
         | to claim that this on it's own is worth the full 30% whack but
         | it does neet to be taken into consideration.
         | 
         | [0] https://stripe.com/docs/disputes
        
           | smoldesu wrote:
           | I dunno, traditional payment processors have gotten away with
           | 1-2% charges in order to mitigate that kind of problem. I
           | think Apple/Google are entitled to up-to a 5% cut to keep the
           | lights on, but everything after that... it's a stretch. The
           | big issue though (as many others have noted) is that there is
           | no alternative. You have no opportunity to compete with Apple
           | in this space, and _that 's_ what pisses off a lot of people.
           | Normally, a competitive market is what ensures that those
           | kinds of taxes stay reasonably low. Without anyone to compete
           | with, Apple can set their own prices.
        
             | DSingularity wrote:
             | That's because they are forcing consumers with high
             | interest (usury) rates.
        
             | maccard wrote:
             | > I dunno, traditional payment processors have gotten away
             | with 1-2% charges in order to mitigate that kind of problem
             | 
             | They do? In my experience it's much higher, particularly if
             | you're dealing with low value transactions. When I worked
             | in retail 15 years ago our payment handler charged a 1% fee
             | on cash drops, and charged 0.30 plus 2% capped at some
             | number I can't remember off the top of my head, _plus_ the
             | card issuer fee. On a $100 transaction sure that's close to
             | 2%, but on a $2 IAP or a $10 subscription (like Netflix)
             | that's 17% and 5% respectively. I'm also pretty sure on top
             | of that we had to pay a dispute fee if one was lodged with
             | the issuer; presumably in the region of $10-15 per dispute.
             | the risk of those disputed being opened on an online
             | purchase vs an in person purchase is significantly higher.
             | 
             | > You have no opportunity to compete with Apple in this
             | space, and that's what pisses off a lot of people
             | 
             | That's what a lot of people say, but how much of that is
             | _really_ they just don't want to pay a 30% cut?
        
               | smoldesu wrote:
               | > They do? In my experience it's much higher
               | 
               | I'm not sure where you work (or where you live), but my
               | experience has indeed been that payment processing is a
               | pretty cut-and-dried technology at this point. People
               | charge insane overhead for it because, as a marginal
               | utility, other people have no way of determining what
               | it's _actual_ value is.
               | 
               | > That's what a lot of people say, but how much of that
               | is _really_ they just don't want to pay a 30% cut?
               | 
               | I don't really think it matters, the statement is true
               | nonetheless. If third-party app stores exist, Apple would
               | be undercut in a heartbeat. By obstructing other people
               | from competing with their App Store business, they're
               | eliminating the need for the market to set a price.
               | 
               | You can argue to the ends of the earth with that logic
               | (lord knows Apple keeps lawyers on retainer for that
               | express purpose), but Apple's strategy here is to prevent
               | them from having to compete with the rest of the market.
               | There's a reason why European regulators are wising up to
               | this nonsense (and a reason Apple obeys); it's a lost
               | case. Everyone knows that it's dumb, the only defenses
               | I've seen for it boil down to apologism and
               | misunderstanding.
               | 
               | Why do we need to keep giving the world's largest company
               | the benefit of the doubt? Can't we just hold them
               | accountable for once?
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | Generally, developers I have seen that seem to want their own
           | payment solution (which is not all developers, but the ones
           | that matter here obviously) this is a good thing, because it
           | lets them be in control of when refunds are done. Until now
           | all app developers had to throw up their hands and put up a
           | line on their website asking customers to contact Apple,
           | which was obviously a poor experience and increased friction
           | even in cases where a refund was desired by both the
           | developer and user.
        
             | maccard wrote:
             | > which was obviously a poor experience and increased
             | friction even in cases where a refund was desired by both
             | the developer and user.
             | 
             | I've had much more luck with apple than I have with
             | "developers". NYT is the textbook example that comes up
             | here. You can sign up in one click but cancelling still
             | requires phoning them up.
             | 
             | It's also analogous to a physical store; I don't ask
             | kellogs for a refund if my cereal doesn't work, I ask the
             | grocery store.
        
               | hyperman1 wrote:
               | Note this is in the EU, not the USA, so consumer
               | protection is a lot higher.
               | 
               | If the NYT tried this here, I'd just revoke access from
               | my bank account, assuming they even had any. There is
               | probably also a law specifying how to unsubscribe, but I
               | can't tell how it works in the Netherlands.
               | 
               | UPDATE: Thinking this through, it allows us to put a
               | monetary value on consumer protection. Much of what the
               | apple 30% tax gives you as a consumer is built into law.
               | So assuming a more reasonable cost of say 5%, small time
               | devs get a loss of 25% of income because of the state of
               | payments and consumer protection in the USA. You can
               | haggle over percentages, but there is a cost.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | NYT offers a subscription that can be purchased outside
               | the US (I'm a subscriber to NYT cooking living in the
               | UK), and to the best of my understanding you're still
               | required to call even outside the US.
        
               | mr_aks wrote:
               | I was able to cancel NYT subscription from the EU without
               | calling them.
        
               | hnaccount_rng wrote:
               | At least from Germany. And at least last year I could
               | just cancel online
        
               | saagarjha wrote:
               | Right, but ideally it would be that Apple would step in
               | for cases where the developer is not cooperating. For
               | cases where the developer wants to give you your money
               | back, they still have to refer you to Apple so that they
               | can make their own decision on whether you're owed a
               | refund, which is kind of stupid.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | So does apple have to foot the bill for this service
               | independently, or do we charge the developers some
               | percentage of their revenue to provide this service?
               | 
               | Snark aside, I do think you're going to require some sort
               | of hold/guarantee from the developers to apple if you
               | want to force that sort of relationship.
        
           | ericpauley wrote:
           | I would imagine all purchases to be a low dispute risk, as
           | the merchant can simply offer refunds to all no questions
           | asked. After all the marginal cost of goods sold for an app
           | is probably effectively 0.
           | 
           | That being said, a $1 purchase through stripe likely has an
           | effective fee higher than 30%, so this would only make sense
           | for larger purchases.
        
             | threeseed wrote:
             | Not everyone who does a chargeback is looking to get their
             | money back.
             | 
             | Some do it specifically because it will harm the merchant.
             | Especially if they feel they've been wronged.
        
             | maccard wrote:
             | > I would imagine all purchases to be a low dispute risk,
             | as the merchant can simply offer refunds to all no
             | questions asked.
             | 
             | That only works if you offer a no questions asked refund,
             | and even at that, that doesn't imply 0 risk. Cards get
             | stolen and tested on low value purchases all the time; if a
             | scammer decides to check 1000 credit cards on your app,
             | you're going to have a very bad time.
        
             | nexuist wrote:
             | The problem is that even with a no-hassle refund process
             | some customers will still call their credit card company
             | and ask for a chargeback because it's a process they're
             | familiar with and it's easier for them to do than to go
             | through any kind of custom process you've built for them. I
             | imagine after dealing with customer support BS enough times
             | your goodwill is eroded and you're just going to choose the
             | path of least resistance for yourself.
        
       | informationslob wrote:
       | So what does this mean store Epic Games and fortnite? Well it be
       | coming back to the app store?
        
         | cute_boi wrote:
         | I don't think so but the title seems to be generalized too
         | much.
         | 
         | "The ruling allows dating app developers to avoid the
         | commission fee ..."
         | 
         | It says dating apps so I don't think apple allowed other app to
         | bypass the rule. But good thing is it sets a precedence.
        
       | einarfd wrote:
       | I wonder if this law is similar with legislation in other EU
       | countries? My impression is that consumer legislation usually is.
       | If it is. This might end up being EU wide in the future.
        
         | toyg wrote:
         | Even if it isn't, because of the Common Market any EU company
         | can just open an entity in the Netherlands and start using this
         | trick.
         | 
         | The next step is for somebody else to sue to remove the limit
         | to dating apps, which is obviously ridiculous (and likely still
         | not compliant with NL law). After that, the door is effectively
         | opened for the whole Union. I expect at that point Apple will
         | just allow it for all EU countries, with much fanfare, trying
         | to spin it as them doing good for us plebs.
        
       | cronix wrote:
       | And the mighty walled garden breaks into smaller walled gardens.
       | Eventually each country will have its own version of each app to
       | comply with local laws.
        
       | gruez wrote:
       | >The ruling allows dating app developers to avoid the commission
       | fee between 15 to 30 percent Apple charges
       | 
       | Was this actually confirmed? I remember in the epic vs apple
       | lawsuit (in the US), the media reported something similar, but if
       | you read the decision more carefully, it explicitly says that
       | apple was still entitled to their 30%/15% cut. The logic was that
       | the 30%/15% cut wasn't the fee paid for processing payments, it
       | was also the fee paid for access to the ecosystem, SDK, and
       | placement on the app store.
        
         | smoldesu wrote:
         | IIRC, the loophole gave Apple the right to bill you afterwards
         | for the use of their services. I don't know if that means they
         | tally the 30% and come back to collect later, or just pass the
         | direct charges of hosting onto you, but in any case I doubt
         | Apple would be ballsy enough to try that outside the United
         | States.
        
           | supreme_berry wrote:
           | That's not loophole. That's common sense.
        
             | smoldesu wrote:
             | Which part? I think retroactively billing people for
             | arbitrary values like "30%" is dumb, since it doesn't
             | actually address the issues people have. I wouldn't be mad
             | if Apple passed me an itemized bill for my hosting costs
             | and whatnot, but without that kind of transparency it still
             | feels like I'm being scammed.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >I think retroactively billing people for arbitrary
               | values like "30%" is dumb [...]
               | 
               | >[...] without that kind of transparency it still feels
               | like I'm being scammed
               | 
               | It's not arbitrary because it was part of the developer
               | agreement you signed.
               | 
               | >since it doesn't actually address the issues people have
               | 
               | Must all regulator action "actually address the issues
               | people have"? Regulators/courts are limited in what they
               | can do, so it's not surprising that the ruling isn't some
               | sort of decisive victory for independent software
               | companies.
        
               | smoldesu wrote:
               | > It's not arbitrary because it was part of the developer
               | agreement you signed.
               | 
               | The value is arbitrary, not the fee.
               | 
               | > Must all regulator action "actually address the issues
               | people have"?
               | 
               | Not necessarily, I'd think "address the issues people
               | have" is a good place to start when you're regulating
               | American corporate policy in a modern democracy.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | bekantan wrote:
       | According to Dutch authorities, dating apps were first on the
       | list because they generated the most complaints. They don't
       | confirm or deny that this will continue with other apps.
        
       | Jnr wrote:
       | EU should follow.
        
       | tinus_hn wrote:
       | Allowing _dating_ apps to use other payment systems.
        
       | arbirk wrote:
       | Developers still have to pay Apple a commission on transactions.
       | https://developer.apple.com/support/storekit-external-entitl...
       | 
       | As in the Epic case, this interestingly expands the number of
       | transactions that apple could potentially claim commissions for
       | (in-app and out-of-app) depending on the specific definition of a
       | transaction. In the case of dating apps nearly all user-activity
       | is within the app, so Apple could claim that all transactions for
       | iOS uses are within scope.
       | 
       | This will of course be negotiated and settled in some way, but as
       | long as the 30% cut has not been deemed illegal, Apple can still
       | demand the cut on relevant transactions.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | So theoretically a dating app could today add a PayPal button or
       | stripe pay box.
       | 
       | They don't even need to go through appstore review if they add it
       | to a webview server side.
       | 
       | So... Have any apps done this yet? Seems like the kind of thing
       | that could be pushed out in a few hours by some teams.
        
         | kotaKat wrote:
         | Apple will pull it for not going through the StoreKit
         | entitlement process.
        
           | my123 wrote:
           | Using StoreKit allows Apple to measure the number of
           | purchases done, to take their cut.
        
         | supreme_berry wrote:
         | They still are going to pay a fee to Apple.
        
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