[HN Gopher] Invasive Bradford (Callery) pear tree is banned in P...
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       Invasive Bradford (Callery) pear tree is banned in Pennsylvania
        
       Author : elliekelly
       Score  : 49 points
       Date   : 2022-01-10 19:01 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.birdsoutsidemywindow.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.birdsoutsidemywindow.org)
        
       | nneonneo wrote:
       | > It took a while to realize that different sterile cultivars
       | within the reach of the same pollinating insect could cross
       | pollinate and produce fertile fruit.
       | 
       | "Life, uh, finds a way."
        
       | dls2016 wrote:
       | I have one in my yard from previous owners, maybe this is the
       | kick I need to cut it down. Maybe replace it with a native
       | mulberry or pawpaw. Still have a few Trees of Heaven that were
       | covered in spotted lantern flies the last two summers (2021
       | moreso). Those jerks destroyed my first grape harvest.
        
         | nsp wrote:
         | Be careful with mulberries, I had one in my last place (not
         | sure if it was native), and it dropped 10lbs+ of incredibly
         | soft berries, so effectively black dye into my back yard daily
         | for several months a year
        
           | dls2016 wrote:
           | Sounds great!
        
             | 83 wrote:
             | I have one across the street. Slightly less great when the
             | birds eat the berries and your deck, house, sidewalk, and
             | cars are covered in splotches of purple dye all the time.
        
         | jefflombardjr wrote:
         | The bugs are not at fault here. The people who created the
         | environment for them to thrive are.
         | 
         | Edit After Downvote: I get it - They were a major nuisance to
         | you. Lanternflys weren't a one time thing. This has happened
         | before - remember stink bugs? This has happened many times and
         | it is going to get worse. Please don't shoot the messenger.
        
           | dls2016 wrote:
           | Stink bugs, gypsy moths, Japanese beetles... I get it. The
           | wave of SLF hit Central PA right as my first grape vines were
           | maturing.
           | 
           | But Tree of Heaven is also an invasive species, native to
           | China like the SLF; it's their favorite host plant. The SLF
           | invasion can be very "spotty". If I eliminate the stand of
           | Tree of Heaven from my yard, the SLF will probably go
           | elsewhere. I don't use pesticides or herbicides of any
           | sort... just some copper fungicide for my fruit trees.
        
           | Dylan16807 wrote:
           | > The bugs are not at fault here. The people who created the
           | environment for them to thrive are.
           | 
           | And when species like this thrive in the native environment?
        
         | pvaldes wrote:
         | Totally different trees. Callery pears are used because it is a
         | 'fastigiate' tree. Is narrow and tall, but not much tall.
         | Perfect for sidewalks. And is a tree for four seasons with
         | splendid flowering and fall color.
         | 
         | Many fastigiate trees split in this way all the time because
         | the branching happens in very acute angles and this creates a
         | weak point.
         | 
         | Asimina and mulberry aren't good for sidewalks. Asimina is too
         | short, parse and wide and spreads from the root. Mulberry is a
         | tall tree, too big and too wide. Both made the soil slippery
         | and a mess by fruits and leaves.
         | 
         | A possible replacement could be young american hornbeam that
         | can be pruned narrow for a long time before it opens wide.
         | there is not a lot of candidates for a narrow sidewalk.
         | Landscapers deal with this problems and try to fix it all the
         | time.
        
         | mattkrause wrote:
         | A post yesterday suggested "reusing" the Callery rootstock by
         | grafting something native/tasty/otherwise better onto it. Might
         | be a fun option if if it's not too big already.
         | 
         | https://www.thefruitexplorers.com/blog/2021/03/29/defenseofb...
        
       | jefflombardjr wrote:
       | When I see this article and the state announcement, I think of
       | the Robert Pirsig Quote: "If a revolution destroys a systematic
       | government, but the systematic patterns of thought that produced
       | that government are left intact, then those patterns will repeat
       | themselves in the succeeding government. There's so much talk
       | about the system. And so little understanding."
       | 
       | As someone originally from Pennsylvania - PA seems especially
       | excited about invasive species. The spotted lantern fly was a big
       | nuisance. Everyone talked about it. The spotted lantern fly and
       | even this pear tree are not the enemy.
       | 
       | Invasive species thrive in ecosystems that we create. You don't
       | want spotted lantern flys? You don't want thorny pear trees?
       | Maybe ask who is defining the term "invasive species" and why
       | they are defining them as such? Anyone thinking about cutting
       | down your pear tree. Read "Beyond the War on Invasive Species: A
       | Permaculture Approach to Ecosystem Restoration" [0]
       | 
       | 0: https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/25782048-beyond-
       | the-w...
        
         | ch4s3 wrote:
         | Not a glowing endorsement by someone in the field
         | https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/2330107179?book_show_a...
        
           | jefflombardjr wrote:
           | "Someone in the field"?
           | 
           | I'm sorry but an anonymous comment on good reads, should not
           | hold the same weight as a book that references academic
           | papers.
           | 
           | In any case it isn't as black and white as "Invasive = Bad"
           | one doesn't need to look far for that evidence.
           | 
           | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-potential-
           | conserva...
           | 
           | https://spartina.org/project_documents/revegetation_program/.
           | ..
        
             | ch4s3 wrote:
             | I'm not really commenting on the thesis of the book, but
             | pointing out what seemed like a valid criticism of the book
             | overall. After skimming a few articles on the subject [1]
             | it seem like the reviewer is not out of line with
             | scientific consensus on the example he points out.
             | 
             | [1] https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C33&
             | as_yl...
        
         | gkop wrote:
         | Computer scientists even built a robot to scour Pennsylvania's
         | forests for the invasive tree-of-heaven, and poison them:
         | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Considerations-in-robo...
         | 
         | (The author was my theory of computation professor at
         | University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Daley (RIP) commuted by Harley-
         | Davidson and in his free time served as chairman of the
         | regional forest stewardship council.)
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | In the case of the spotted lantern fly, it's just the cost of
         | global trade. It was not intentionally introduced like the
         | Bradford pear.
        
         | teruakohatu wrote:
         | > Invasive species thrive in ecosystems that we create.
         | 
         | In some cases yes, in other cases they simply out compete local
         | species.
         | 
         | My country had managed to keep snakes out, but no doubt if they
         | ever took hold here they would thrive in the wild, and harm the
         | native bird population like the invasive stoats have. The
         | invasive stoats live in the wild, far from people.
        
           | jefflombardjr wrote:
           | The book referenced actually provides numbers on this.
           | Invasives out competing local species is a rarity according
           | to the studies referenced in the book.
           | 
           | Here is another perspective too: https://www.vox.com/down-to-
           | earth/22796160/invasive-species-...
        
         | derbOac wrote:
         | I've kinda had a similar perspective until buckthorn. Buckthorn
         | is essentially eradicating native Big Woods forest,
         | transforming forest that comprises an open understory with high
         | canopies into dense tangles of buckthorn that choke out
         | anything else. It also leads to these boom-bust nitrogen cycles
         | that wreak havoc on the soil.
         | 
         | Many of these forests were just fine until buckthorn arrived.
         | The problem isn't with buckthorn per se, it's in the
         | destruction that it causes on native ecosystems. If the
         | buckthorn was just here or there, an addition to the landscape,
         | it might be fine, but it's not.
         | 
         | A solution to buckthorn overgrowth can't come soon enough
         | because mechanical solutions, while effective, are very
         | laborious.
         | 
         | Maybe there's something that could be imported to keep it in
         | check (I recall reading buckthorn has some kind of highly
         | specialized moth or something that eats it in its native range)
         | but regardless of why, it's a problem.
        
           | tablespoon wrote:
           | > I've kinda had a similar perspective until buckthorn.
           | Buckthorn is essentially eradicating native Big Woods forest,
           | transforming forest that comprises an open understory with
           | high canopies into dense tangles of buckthorn that choke out
           | anything else. It also leads to these boom-bust nitrogen
           | cycles that wreak havoc on the soil.
           | 
           | Buckthorn is the devil's plant. IIRC, it's a hedge plant, and
           | literally turns a forest into an impassible hedge.
           | 
           | > Maybe there's something that could be imported to keep it
           | in check (I recall reading buckthorn has some kind of highly
           | specialized moth or something that eats it in its native
           | range) but regardless of why, it's a problem.
           | 
           | IIRC, they're close to approving something like that for
           | garlic mustard (which kind of does the same thing as
           | buckthorn, except on the forest floor, and often gets bad
           | after you deal with buckthorn). They've had to do a lot of
           | testing to make sure it's _very_ specialized and doesn 't
           | cause another invasive pest problem.
        
         | jonnycomputer wrote:
         | I am averse to the rhetoric about invasive species, but do
         | believe that invasives are, in fact, frequently a real problem,
         | not a contrived one. But I think that all the hatred poured on
         | the plants/bugs/etc. is misplaced. IMO, the two most important
         | things we can do are:
         | 
         | 1. Create fewer disturbed environments. These plants are
         | typically those that thrive in disturbed environments. As such,
         | they may even be regarded as providing some kind of ecological
         | service. Unfortunately, one of the reasons they out-compete
         | natives is lack of predation. The Amur Honeysuckle I've been
         | systematically removing still have beautiful leaves even in
         | early Autumn, untouched by mold or bug.
         | 
         | 2. Prevent the introduction of new species via the commercial
         | nursery vector; hard to achieve any kind of ecological
         | equilibrium when we are constantly disrupting it.
        
         | SECProto wrote:
         | > Invasive species thrive in ecosystems that we create. You
         | don't want spotted lantern flys? You don't want thorny pear
         | trees?
         | 
         | Non-native species get planted in environments we create (eg
         | suburban yards). What makes them invasive is when they spread
         | uncontrollably and displace native flora (dramatically reducing
         | biodiversity in native ecosystems).
         | 
         | > Maybe ask who is defining the term "invasive species" and why
         | they are defining them as such?
         | 
         | Sure, my definition above came from a hobby gardener friend who
         | volunteers for a local environmental nonprofit.
         | 
         | > Anyone thinking about cutting down your pear tree. Read
         | "Beyond the War on Invasive Species: A Permaculture Approach to
         | Ecosystem Restoration" [0]
         | 
         | The reviews on that book are delightfully polarized.
        
         | tablespoon wrote:
         | > Invasive species thrive in ecosystems that we create...Anyone
         | thinking about cutting down your pear tree. Read "Beyond the
         | War on Invasive Species: A Permaculture Approach to Ecosystem
         | Restoration" [0]
         | 
         | The problem is they also thrive in (i.e. invade) ecosystems
         | that we _didn 't_ create, and destroy or disrupt them.
         | 
         | If these species didn't invade wild ecosystems and stayed put
         | in our backyards, then they wouldn't be invasive.
        
         | pvaldes wrote:
         | > Invasive species thrive in ecosystems that we create
         | 
         | This is a common misconception
        
           | jefflombardjr wrote:
           | I've referenced articles and books in my other comments, and
           | you're calling it myth. Care to cite something that supports
           | what you claim?
        
             | pvaldes wrote:
             | You cite -one- book that maybe says what you want to think
             | and looks more opinion than science. You write also a quote
             | about politics and there is also that old feeling of "we
             | humans are the worst" in the air that can feel justified
             | but never solved anything.
             | 
             | I have a PhD in biology and frankly I'm sick of discussing
             | this issue each time again and again.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | Are you solely focused on plants here? Invasive species can
             | also apply to animals. Invasive aquatic species have
             | decimate local animals, and we didn't necessarily create
             | those environments. There's also invasive plants in these
             | aquatic systems as well.
        
               | jefflombardjr wrote:
               | Yes thank you for this clarification. Apologies for my
               | being imprecise. Most of the reading I have done has been
               | related to plants and the use of pesticides to intervene.
               | 
               | https://www.jstor.org/stable/1149643 https://besjournals.
               | onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111...
               | https://naisma.org/naisma-resources/government-
               | relations/the...
               | https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-potential-
               | conserva...
        
         | epivosism wrote:
         | You're acting as if it's not possible to steelman the case
         | against invasive species. This is a bit disingenuous.
         | 
         | Imagine we discover an alien planet with no predators. Should
         | we allow ecological merging, with reasonable expectation of
         | large biodiversity loss?
         | 
         | I'm not an absolutist; there are opposite examples - imagine
         | that in the far future Australia were about to finish its
         | tectonic journey to touch another continent and we expected new
         | connection to result in massive ecological disruptions. Trying
         | to prevent such a thing forever would be questionable.
         | 
         | The point is: you have to dig into reasons and outcomes, and
         | can't resolve this kind of debate by simply saying "foreign
         | bad" or "foreign good".
        
           | jefflombardjr wrote:
           | I 100% agree with you. You absolutely "can't resolve this
           | kind of debate by simply saying "foreign bad" or "foreign
           | good"
           | 
           | Imagine we discover an alien planet with no predators. Should
           | we allow ecological merging, with reasonable expectation of
           | large biodiversity loss. The problem is, the alien planet
           | doesn't have a pesticides industry propped up around saying
           | "foreign bad"
           | 
           | But I have no idea, and am not qualified to answer that
           | hypothetical.
        
         | Permit wrote:
         | > Invasive species thrive in ecosystems that we create.
         | 
         | Is the idea here that invasive species cannot thrive in non-
         | human-made environments? That is, environments we didn't
         | create?
        
           | jefflombardjr wrote:
           | Kind of, the idea is that no species would be invasive if we
           | didn't create the ideal place for it to thrive. Invasives
           | mostly thrive in disturbed areas and don't actually displace
           | natives. The book I referenced goes into way more details,
           | but in most cases invasives actually help repair damaged
           | ecosystems. They are often pioneer species in the disturbed
           | areas.
        
         | fullstop wrote:
         | We also imported the first stink bug in the late 90s / early
         | 2000s.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Related from yersterday:
       | 
       |  _In Defense of Bradford Pear (2021)_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29863917 - Jan 2022 (12
       | comments)
        
       | fullstop wrote:
       | Ha. My parents had a Bradford Pear which split in half due to an
       | ice storm, and was replaced with a Cleveland Pear.
        
       | delabay wrote:
       | I grew up in midwestern suburbs where Bradfords were planted with
       | great enthusiasm. I can see the appeal, they have neat symmetry,
       | create no mess besides the leaves and don't get too big. Their
       | semen-like flower scent filled the air in the spring, and they
       | were drawn and quartered during the summer storms or winter ice.
       | 
       | I have fond memories of watching a massive summer storm from a
       | friends bedroom and witnessing the moment his front yard Bradford
       | split in half. The same tree would later split in half again
       | during the winter. Invasive or not, Bradfords will always hold a
       | special place in my heart.
        
         | MengerSponge wrote:
         | To say Bradfords "create no mess" is about as true as "clean
         | coal"! They create an enormous mess when they inevitably grow
         | big and brittle and start dropping half of the tree on your
         | lawn/house.
        
           | delabay wrote:
           | This does not factor into the decision making process of a
           | property developer in the 90-00's. i stand by my original
           | phrasing.
        
         | dlbucci wrote:
         | I had no idea that these were the plant responsible for so-
         | called "Jizz Blossoms". There was always one week in the Fall
         | where you'd smell 'em walking to class...
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | > Their semen-like flower scent filled the air in the spring,
         | 
         | They're all over GA Tech campus. We always compared the smell
         | to cement though. :D
        
       | SECProto wrote:
       | Can we change "Pa" in the title to "Pennsylvania"? As a non-
       | american, it was difficult to confirm this (article only used the
       | abbreviation, so I had to open a source about 3/4 of the way down
       | and read that page's header image to confirm)
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Sure. Changed now.
        
           | SECProto wrote:
           | Thank you!
        
       | atourgates wrote:
       | Another interesting Callery Pear fact (and basically the only one
       | I know), is that the "Survivor Tree" at the 9/11 memorial in NYC
       | is a Callery Pear:
       | https://www.911memorial.org/visit/memorial/survivor-tree
       | 
       | I can't explain why, but it was the most moving part of our time
       | there when we finally visited last year. And, the reason I
       | haven't been able to bring myself to cut down the Callery that's
       | growing on our property, despite my otherwise wholesale
       | dedication to removing invasives.
        
       | exposingtruth wrote:
        
         | kube-system wrote:
         | I think you misunderstand the regulation. The law doesn't apply
         | to the plant itself. It prohibits people from from artificially
         | propagating it further.
         | 
         | > Might as well try to ban kudzu while you're at it, lol.
         | 
         | It is already on the list.
         | 
         | https://www.agriculture.pa.gov/Plants_Land_Water/PlantIndust...
        
           | exposingtruth wrote:
        
           | exposingtruth wrote:
        
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