[HN Gopher] Edible plants that grow in the shade
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       Edible plants that grow in the shade
        
       Author : mooreds
       Score  : 137 points
       Date   : 2022-01-08 16:08 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.onegreenplanet.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.onegreenplanet.org)
        
       | altgeek wrote:
       | The Sweet Cecily, as a member of the carrot family, resembles
       | poison hemlock. Anything with that flower and leaf pattern
       | immediately sets off alarm bells in my head when I see it.
       | 
       | See https://www.growforagecookferment.com/poison-hemlock/
        
         | culi wrote:
         | As do most members of the carrot family to be fair. These are
         | some of the most delicious and edible plants! It's not actually
         | that hard to learn to tell them apart to be honest. Any
         | gardener who's watched their plants grow would probably be able
         | to tell the difference
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | b3morales wrote:
         | You are right to be cautious, but the mature plants are easily
         | distinguished with a little care.
        
         | freeqaz wrote:
         | I was thinking about this as well. It also looks like Queen
         | Anne's lace lol. If anybody is going to go forage for this,
         | please learn to ID the poisonous relatives first!
        
           | b3morales wrote:
           | Queen Anne's Lace is wild carrot, _Daucus carota_ , which is
           | not poisonous.
        
             | DennisP wrote:
             | Yes, the point is that it looks similar to water hemlock,
             | which is extremely poisonous.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | About 75% of QAL flowers also have a single black umbel in
             | the center of the flower. Not the best eating then from
             | what I gather, but in addition to the texture of the stalks
             | that's a good indicator.
        
             | derbOac wrote:
             | Yes, just to emphasize this: in this case "wild carrots"
             | actually means just that. Carrots from the grocery store
             | and Queen Anne's lace are two subvarieties of the same
             | species.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | I was told this about Queen Anne's Lace, which I let have the
         | run of my property for about 18 months because my ground was
         | compacted and the insect community absolutely loved it. I just
         | don't see the resemblance the way some people claim.
         | 
         | I haven't tried to eat any of it though. The roots smell
         | amazing but I have been trying to grow parsnip and carrots
         | already and that's enough carrot family for one kitchen. I am
         | however starting to replace the QAL with the native carrot
         | family, since I want to maintain the pollinators but I'm
         | quickly crowding out reasonable places to let it grow. I guess
         | we'll see how good my eye is at telling them apart when young.
        
           | MandieD wrote:
           | I fried up some of the teeny, tiny roots, and they tasted
           | nice, but were so tiny that harvesting enough for more than a
           | garnish would be impractical.
           | 
           | The cough syrup made from the leaves is my favorite -
           | soothing, but no other medicinal effects, and I find the
           | taste to be a bit comforting. "Spitzwegerich Hustensaft" is
           | the general thing to look for in German.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | Mine are quite large. By fall they are carrot sized.
        
               | MandieD wrote:
               | Found my mistake, too late to edit my previous comment:
               | the plant I know as "Spitzwegerich" is not what you and
               | other English speakers call Queen Anne's Lace at all! I
               | have no idea where I got that as the English name for
               | Spitzwegerich.
               | 
               | "Spitzwegerich" (has several names in English, none of
               | which are Queen Anne's Lace)
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantago_lanceolata
               | 
               | The leaves are the most interesting part, but I've eaten
               | the heads and roots, too.
               | 
               | Do NOT attempt to make cough syrup from Queen Anne's Lace
               | greens.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | Oh yeah, plantain spread everywhere with the settlers.
               | It's quite a different plant. I think I've seen it used
               | more as a poultice than something you consume.
        
       | mattmaroon wrote:
       | In ohio we have pawpaw festivals! Even most of the people where
       | they grow have never heard of them, because they don't transport
       | well enough to be sold, but those who have can't wait for the
       | season. I didn't know they could grow in full shade though.
        
         | dexwiz wrote:
         | In Indiana they seem to be making a comeback. I have seen them
         | on specialty menus a few times, but I find them to be awful. I
         | am not a picky eater, and have sampled some other things in
         | this list like ramps, but I don't think I will eat a paw paw
         | again. Maybe I haven't had them prepared properly, but they
         | seem like a Depression food. My grandpa talks about eating them
         | when he was little, and I have only seen them resurrected in
         | niche settings.
        
           | Baeocystin wrote:
           | I think you might have had some bad ones. Ideally, they have
           | a mild, sweet flavor, and the name 'custard apple' is quite
           | appropriate. They aren't durian- there shouldn't be any
           | strong flavors or smells present that might be off-putting.
        
         | dpeck wrote:
         | There seems to be a growing interest in pawpaws. Stories about
         | them were featured on a lot of food podcasts this fall and
         | seems like it's the "it" uncommon food at the moment, or staged
         | to be.
         | 
         | It will be interesting if anyone is able to bring them to
         | market at scale, it seems like agriculture departments at
         | several universities have programs to work on different
         | varietals with better shelf-life and shipping characteristics.
        
         | ghastmaster wrote:
         | > I didn't know they could grow in full shade though.
         | 
         | A hike through the woods in southeastern Ohio will make this
         | fact obvious. I miss the area and love coming across a stand of
         | pawpaw in the understory. The leaves are so big. It feels like
         | walking in the jungle. I miss the pawpaw festival in Albany,
         | OH.
        
         | foobiekr wrote:
         | Pawpaws are in the family containing
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annonacin though, so not
         | exactly something one should consume in bulk.
        
         | mooreds wrote:
         | Hmmm. Wonder if they'll grow in Colorado. I see they are hardy
         | to zone 5.
        
           | Tagbert wrote:
           | We grew them in Kansas, so same latitude. While they grow in
           | the understory, I suspect they would not like to grow under
           | conifers.
        
             | pvaldes wrote:
             | Under conifer is dry shadow that is probably the most
             | complicated place to grow anything.
             | 
             | Callicarpa americana can stand semi-shadow and the tiny
             | berries are edible in jelly.
             | 
             | Asimina hates being too dry.
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | vesinisa wrote:
       | There are important considerations for the correct use of the
       | elderberry that this article omits. The roots, unripe berries and
       | seeds are poisonous.
        
         | mrspuratic wrote:
         | This, though cooking neutralises the toxin (cyanogenic
         | glycosides) in the seeds. Am lucky enough to have a few
         | (European) elder trees already established in my garden,
         | homemade elderflower cordial diluted with sparkling water is
         | the best summer drink.
        
           | mod wrote:
           | My uncle has made elderberry jam and wine, both of which were
           | fantastic.
        
       | jdfx3 wrote:
       | What disgusting AD laiden rubbish is this? I cant even read the
       | article, the quality on HN is slipping.
        
         | DennisP wrote:
         | I suspect most people here have ad blockers. I don't see any
         | ads on the article.
        
       | Nursie wrote:
       | We put a black elder (black lace, IIRC) in a shady spot in our
       | front yard in the UK, and it absolutely thrived. Had to treat it
       | for aphids annually, as they would absolutely smother the new
       | growth in Spring otherwise, but apart from that it was low
       | maintenance and very vigorous.
       | 
       | The sprays of flowers were lovely and could be harvested for
       | elderflower syrups and even wines. The berries were less
       | reliable, I did harvest some and turn them to syrup one year, but
       | the flavour was not that great (I added the syrup to a homebrew
       | saison in the end, but wasn't a huge fan of the result).
        
       | bingdig wrote:
       | so many ads
        
         | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
         | And auto-playing video with audio. I closed the tab pretty
         | quickly.
        
       | rdtwo wrote:
       | Actually a good collection. Might still be a seo spam blog but at
       | least this article was decent
        
       | OkayPhysicist wrote:
       | In the shade of California redwoods, Redwood Sorrel is a a pretty
       | tasty treat. I'd describe the taste as akin to green apple skins.
       | They are a bit too sour to eat large quantities of in one sitting
       | (as a kid in my Boy Scout troop learned the hard way).
        
       | kaycebasques wrote:
       | I've been going deep into a mycology rabbit hole the last few
       | weeks. I had an "aha!" moment when I realized that there are many
       | edible mushrooms that don't require much sunlight. It's obvious
       | in hindsight but I was still thinking of fungus from a plant-
       | centric worldview: they're kinda plantlike and therefore kinda
       | need sun. But they don't. Many (all?) of them get their
       | sustenance by breaking down whatever complex chemicals they find
       | in their physical proximity. Sunlight doesn't need to factor into
       | the equation much at all. So long as they have a rich substrate
       | full of nutrients some will happily grow in a closet. Again
       | pardon if this is painfully obvious but it was an "oh wow" moment
       | for me. I'm personally going to start with oyster mushrooms
       | because they seem to be somewhat superheroic at their ability to
       | break down stuff (even incredibly toxic stuff).
       | 
       | Also like I said I'm new to all this so anything and everything
       | I've said can be wrong. This is just the general gist I've gotten
       | so far.
        
         | mrfusion wrote:
         | Would this be useful for space travel?
        
         | ip26 wrote:
         | From a food production standpoint, they are still fundamentally
         | sun-powered.
         | 
         | Mushrooms are delicious, but their most _interesting_
         | opportunity in the food supply might be vitamin D. Shine some
         | UV on them, and they produce high levels just like people.
        
           | kaycebasques wrote:
           | Yes I've heard that tip to leave mushrooms out in the sun for
           | 20 minutes prior to eating to majorly boost their vitamin D
           | content!
        
         | SuoDuanDao wrote:
         | I had a cool moment along these lines when observing my
         | parents' garden. They were growing squash in garden soil, next
         | to table mushrooms on wood chips with the idea being the table
         | mushrooms would convert the wood chips into additional garden
         | soil over time. The mycelium colonized all the wood chips, but
         | the fruiting bodies came up predominantly where the substrate
         | was shaded by squash leaves because that was the most humid
         | part of the mushroom patch. A cool example of accidental
         | companion planting!
        
         | Cerium wrote:
         | If you have not run across it yet, there is a fairly good video
         | set "Let's Grow Mushrooms!" by Marc R Keith [1]. Don't be put
         | off by the intro that suggests you can grow magical varieties.
         | This video series is focused on basic techniques needed for
         | growing mushrooms as well as some practical techniques for
         | growing oysters.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.mushroomvideos.com/
        
         | colordrops wrote:
         | You may have heard this trope before but mushrooms are closer
         | genetically to animals than plants.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Yeah they breathe in O2 and breathe out CO2, just like you
           | and me.
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | So do plants at night.
        
           | nunb wrote:
           | And their protein is more usable by our digestive systems
           | than plant proteins.
        
             | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
             | I thought they are mostly chitin?
        
           | kaycebasques wrote:
           | This fact became viscerally true to me when I tried
           | chanterelle for the first time a few days ago. Texture and
           | flavor was so close to chicken that my partner and I (both
           | vegans) had the weird uncomfortable sensation of accidentally
           | eating meat!
        
             | azinman2 wrote:
             | When was the last time you had chicken? Personally I'd
             | never confuse the two, although I do love chanterelles.
             | 
             | That said, I had some porcini inside of a ravioli where I
             | thought I was eating part of a meatball that went with it
             | (eg meat-like, compared to a meatball, versus actual
             | unadulterated meat).
        
               | kaycebasques wrote:
               | Admittedly it's been a few years but I have eaten quite a
               | lot of chicken in my lifetime so I don't think it's a
               | matter of me forgetting the experience of the real thing
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Reminds me of the Matrix Tasty Wheat scene:
               | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=2oEnJfZ9joY (63s long)
        
             | hahamrfunnyguy wrote:
             | Wow, I don't think chanterelles taste anything like
             | chicken. I've only had them a couple of times, but to be
             | they have a really strong and complex flavor that is hard
             | to describe. The texture is firm but not chewy, like many
             | other kinds of mushrooms.
        
             | throwawayboise wrote:
             | I tried some "beyond beef" the other day and thought it was
             | nothing at all like beef. But maybe if you're vegan it's
             | the closest alternate.
        
             | derbOac wrote:
             | Try chicken of the woods. It's even more so in my opinion.
        
       | derbOac wrote:
       | Fiddleheads have been linked to cancer pretty conclusively I
       | think. E.g.,
       | 
       | https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/fiddlehead-ferns...
       | 
       | I'm pretty supportive of agricultural diversity and native plant
       | consumption and cultivation, and also harvest a lot of wild
       | plants for my own use. But fiddleheads are one thing I no longer
       | eat.
        
         | couchand wrote:
         | As the linked article points out, it's bracken ferns that have
         | been linked to cancer. If the ostrich fern suggested in the OP
         | is also a carcinogen, the Smithsonian article doesn't mention
         | it.
        
           | derbOac wrote:
           | Yeah I was reading some articles and was going to edit my
           | comment to reflect that. Last I read, ostrich ferns were
           | still suspect but there wasnt so much evidence suggesting
           | they were carcinogenic either.
           | 
           | Part of the confusion over ostrich ferns are periodic
           | incidents of poisonings they can't explain. But in those
           | cases, there usually are undercooked fiddleheads involved.
           | 
           | But yes, ostrich ferns are probably ok, or at least are less
           | of a concern, if cooked.
        
       | interestica wrote:
       | I had no idea hostas were edible!
        
         | zwieback wrote:
         | Came here to say the same thing. I have lots of Hostas and they
         | keep getting too big. I will eat a good amount of them next
         | spring!
        
         | pvaldes wrote:
         | I suggest to be extra careful with this info. Convallaria is
         | very toxic and children could mistake it by a Hosta or an
         | Allium ursinum with terrible results. Is not a joke.
         | Polygonatum is also dangerous. Lots of shadow plants are
         | poisonous and this includes practically all that sprout like
         | Hostas in the shadow and in temperate areas. Some of those can
         | be eaten in -small- amounts after being processed. Trillium and
         | Paris are very poisonous, Asphodelus can provoke a heart attack
         | easily. Even if is edible after some particular processing, It
         | just don't worth the risk.
         | 
         | Ferns store cyanide and must be cooked. They can provoke canker
         | if eaten regularly.
         | 
         | And there are also other things to consider. Hosta leaves grow
         | once in the year. Eat the leaves and you will have an ugly
         | plant for a whole year (or a dead plant). They are famous to
         | keep the cuts in the leaf for the entire season. There is not
         | much point into spending money in expensive garden plants with
         | a long life if you want to eat them later.
        
       | zwieback wrote:
       | Edible yes, but do they taste good?
        
       | legerdemain wrote:
       | Elderberries are moderately poisonous raw.
       | 
       | A number of these other plants do produce edible fruit, but in
       | quantities too limited to be meaningful to a household.
        
       | semireg wrote:
       | Wow, I never knew hostas were edible. Now I wonder why we don't
       | see these at the farmers market. I wonder what effects repeated
       | yearly harvest does to the health of the plant. With asparagus
       | there's a clear window of opportunity then you let the plant
       | recover for the remainder of the year. Really cool to see this...
       | will research more in the spring!
        
       | barathr wrote:
       | Here's a more California oriented list of edible plants that grow
       | in the shade:
       | 
       | * Chilean Guava (Ugni molinae)
       | 
       | * Pineapple Guava (Acca sellowiana)
       | 
       | * Babaco (Vasconcella x)
       | 
       | * Passiflora antioquiensis
       | 
       | * Passiflora "Mission Dolores" (P. antioquiensis x P. parritae)
       | 
       | Here are a few more that only need partial sun in California:
       | 
       | * White Sapote (Casimiroa edulis)
       | 
       | * Cherimoya (Annona cherimola)
       | 
       | * Pakistan / Persian Mulberry (Morus sp.)
       | 
       | * Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica)
       | 
       | * Surinam Cherry (Eugenia uniflora)
       | 
       | * Tree Tomato (Solanum betaceum)
       | 
       | * Coffee (Coffea arabica)
       | 
       | * Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
       | 
       | * Turmeric (Curcuma longa)
       | 
       | * Starfruit (Averrhoa carambola)
        
       | smallerfish wrote:
       | I moved to the tropics and have been learning a whole new fauna.
       | Some stuff that will do well in the understory includes:
       | jaboticaba, caimito, acerola (aka nanking cherry), borojo,
       | biriba, pitanga and, believe it or not, a lot of citrus (we have
       | wild limes on the jungle edges, and are planting more cultured
       | varieties). I have a very early stage fruit blog going at
       | http://fruitytropics.com, in case anybody's interested.
        
         | mint2 wrote:
         | I wish I could find a jaboticaba at a reasonable price in
         | SoCal. They seem to grow okay but the one nursery I went to
         | look at them they were very expensive because they're rare
         | here. Also they were mature plants kept in too small pots
         | longer than they should have been so I didn't get one of those
         | ones.
        
           | pvaldes wrote:
           | In Jaboticaba look for a plant with several trunks branching
           | near the root. The trunk is the part holding the fruits so:
           | more trunks, more fruit.
           | 
           | Price in fruit trees is relative. They pay for itself. If you
           | really want one just buy it when is big. Is an expensive
           | investment in terms of time, the sooner you start and the
           | bigger plant, the better.
        
         | thunderbong wrote:
         | > I moved to the tropics and have been learning a whole new
         | fauna
         | 
         | I think you meant 'flora'
        
           | samstave wrote:
           | It was the meat of his comment...
        
           | smallerfish wrote:
           | Haha, indeed. Well, too late to edit
        
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