[HN Gopher] CDC Reports Increase in Human Rabies Cases Linked to...
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       CDC Reports Increase in Human Rabies Cases Linked to Bats in the
       U.S.
        
       Author : infodocket
       Score  : 47 points
       Date   : 2022-01-06 20:47 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cdc.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cdc.gov)
        
       | tzs wrote:
       | Rabies is pretty damn scary--but please learn what animals carry
       | rabies where you live.
       | 
       | I've seen people freak out because they've seen a raccoon in the
       | daytime and think (1) raccoons are nocturnal so this one is
       | acting strange, and (2) raccoons are rabies carriers, and so it
       | is probably acting strange because it is rabid.
       | 
       | In fact in this part of the country (western Washington) from
       | 1988-2020 rabies has not been found in any wild terrestrial
       | mammal. The only mammals found to have rabies over that time have
       | been 530 bats, 2 cats, 1 horse, and 1 llama.
       | 
       | There's a nifty map here [1] showing what animal populations have
       | rabies in which states.
       | 
       | So what does it mean when you see a raccoon in the daytime in
       | western Washington? It almost always means they aren't finding
       | enough food at night so have to put in overtime foraging.
       | 
       | This is quite common around breeding time. The pregnant females
       | need more food than normal and often will have to go out during
       | the day to get it.
       | 
       | BTW, I believe it is not known _why_ rabies is not found in wild
       | terrestrial mammals here.
       | 
       | For squirrels there are at least three theories. (1) Squirrels
       | are safely asleep in their nests when bats are out, so don't get
       | bitten by bats and if they get bitten by something else that
       | something else is probably big enough that the encounter is fatal
       | for the squirrel, (2) maybe squirrels have strong natural
       | immunity so don't get it even if they do get bitten, or (3) maybe
       | squirrels are particularly vulnerable to it so if they get bitten
       | by a bat they quickly die before they can spread it and since we
       | don't do autopsies on random dead squirrels we come across we
       | never find out about the briefly rabid squirrels.
       | 
       | For raccoons, I don't think it is clear why they aren't picking
       | it up from bats here.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/location/usa/surveillance/wild_an...
        
         | lakhim wrote:
         | One of the more interesting government programs is the national
         | rabies management program:
         | https://www.aphis.usda.gov/wildlife_damage/oral_rabies/downl...
         | 
         | which attempts to keep rabies out of the squirrel population in
         | the west by vaccinating the Appalachian ridge (and to a lesser
         | extent other borders).
        
         | tasha0663 wrote:
         | Everywhere except Hawaii: Bats
         | 
         | TIL there are mongoose (mongooses? mongeese?) in Puerto Rico.
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | I noticed the mongooses too, and went Googling. Here's why
           | they are there [1]:
           | 
           | > The first successful introduction of mongooses to the
           | Caribbean region was back in 1872. They were intentionally
           | brought to the islands to control rats that were destroying
           | sugarcane crop. From Jamaica, they were taken to other
           | islands, between 1877 and 1879, Puerto Rico, St. Cr4iox [sic]
           | and St. John for the same rat-control purpose. In 1883,
           | Jamaican mongooses were imported by sugar growers on the Big
           | Island of Hawaii, and then were later taken to the other
           | Hawaiian Islands.
           | 
           | http://stoppinginvasives.com/home/database/herpestes-
           | javanic...
        
       | tasha0663 wrote:
       | Anyone here know what
       | 
       | > Embargoed Until: Thursday, January 6, 2022, 1:00 p.m. ET
       | 
       | means? And why? This is months old by now and would have been
       | nice to know.
        
         | munificent wrote:
         | My guess would be enough time for various people in the chain
         | of command to check the text for correctness, messaging, etc.
        
         | jdavis703 wrote:
         | It means they shared the press release to media outlets in
         | advance so they could write an article about it. But the
         | outlets are not supposed to release their articles until the
         | embargo expires.
         | 
         | This is a common practice for both government and private
         | sector press releases.
        
       | vmception wrote:
       | Increase to 3 in one quarter
        
       | khazhoux wrote:
       | I went on a wikipedia + YouTube walk on human rabies last month,
       | and it is truly terrifying.
       | 
       | > The period between infection and the first symptoms (incubation
       | period) is typically 1-3 months in humans. This period may be as
       | short as four days or longer than six years, depending on the
       | location and severity of the wound and the amount of virus
       | introduced. Initial symptoms of rabies are often nonspecific such
       | as fever and headache. Death usually occurs 2 to 10 days after
       | first symptoms. Survival is almost unknown once symptoms have
       | presented, even with intensive care.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabies
       | 
       | Look up YouTube videos of patients if you want to be sad.
        
         | cbfrench wrote:
         | Cue the random comment that made me terrified of rabies:
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/aww/comments/81rr6f/he_fed_the_cute...
        
           | nathanyz wrote:
           | Luckily odds of actually getting it seem pretty low overall
           | given the CDC increase referencing 3 deaths as an increase.
           | But still, one of those terrifying ways to go.
           | 
           | On a positive note, the act of being alive is also a ticking
           | time bomb that inevitably leads to death as well, so there is
           | that!
        
             | thatguy0900 wrote:
             | As mentioned in the previous comment,its less because the
             | odds are low and more becuase the US treats basically every
             | animal bite as a rabies case. It takes a very extreme
             | containment method to achieve low deaths
        
             | em500 wrote:
             | Addressed in the parent post:
             | 
             | >> Only x number of people have died in the U.S. in the
             | past x years. Rabies is really rare.
             | 
             | > Yes, deaths from rabies are rare in the United States, in
             | the neighborhood of 2-3 per year. This does not mean rabies
             | is rare. The reason that mortality is so rare in the U.S.
             | is due to a very aggressive treatment protocol of all bite
             | cases in the United States: If you are bitten, and you
             | cannot identify the animal that bit you, or the animal were
             | to die shortly after biting you, you will get post exposure
             | treatment. That is the protocol.
             | 
             | > Post exposure is very effective (almost 100%) if done
             | before you become symptomatic. It involves a series of
             | immunoglobulin shots - many of which are at the site of the
             | bite - as well as the vaccine given over the span of a
             | month. (Fun fact - if you're vaccinated for rabies, you may
             | be able to be an immunoglobulin donor!)
             | 
             | > In countries without good treatment protocols rabies is
             | rampant. India alone sees 20,000 deaths from rabies PER
             | YEAR.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Sounds like multiple reasons not to worry and keep doing
               | what you want doing if you live in USA
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | The tree could have fallen on you. Or any other thing that
           | once in a while, very rarely, kills people.
           | 
           | I get the point and it is not all that bad writing. But,
           | people don't die of rabbies all that often.
        
           | weaksauce wrote:
           | less scary than prion diseases like mad cow... imagine eating
           | a burger ten years ago and dying from it. there was a notable
           | case recently where a woman in a lab accidentally pricked her
           | finger a long time ago and died from it. I believe it was in
           | france. thankfully it is fairly rare.
        
         | tibbydudeza wrote:
         | Well at least you are dead within a few days but as an insomnia
         | sufferer FFI (Fatal Familial Insomnia) really scares the shit
         | out of me - you die due to being unable to sleep - not even
         | propofol helps.
        
         | tasha0663 wrote:
         | We had a bat in the house years ago. In my 3am stupor I tried
         | to let it out until Dr. Spouse berated me and said we _must_
         | catch it. Darn thing disappeared. Animal control came and
         | couldn 't find it. That's when I started reading about rabies.
         | Freaked me out. Up until that point I had the attitude that if
         | something felt off, just go to a doctor. Nope. Omae wa mo
         | shindeiru.
         | 
         | We had booked 2 adults and 2 diaper-age kids for PEP shots when
         | I took the day off and turned the house upside down trying to
         | find the bat. Eventually I found the dumb thing stuck to a glue
         | trap for mice. No rabies.
         | 
         | But yeah, people were looking at me like I was bonkers for
         | scheduling the shots. "Did it bite you?" No idea! But I'm not
         | going to take my chances on being the second person ever to
         | come out not quite dead from a drug-induced coma after symptoms
         | set in.
        
       | threevox wrote:
       | Sounds like Michael Scott is going to need to organize another
       | fun run
        
         | tomschlick wrote:
         | Hopefully we can get Olive Garden to sponsor a fettuccine
         | alfredo stand for breakfast just before the race.
        
         | sbelskie wrote:
         | Myth: 4 people in the United States died from rabies last year.
         | 
         | Fact: 5 people in the United States died from rabies last year.
        
       | pengaru wrote:
       | If covid-19 has taught me anything it's that I want absolutely
       | nothing to do with bats or their habitats/waste stream.
       | Previously I had zero appreciation for what an exceptional immune
       | system the only flying mammals had evolved and how problematic
       | that can be for other mammals.
        
         | tibbydudeza wrote:
         | In flight their heart rate is 1000 beats per minute and their
         | body temperature approaches 105F (40C) - their high metabolism
         | might explain a more tolerant immune response.
        
       | spazrunaway wrote:
       | What's the risk of contact with bats outdoors? I often go for
       | twilight walks and see them flying from tree to tree. But I
       | sometimes wonder if a rabid one could swoop by, scrape me with
       | its teeth, and I'd never even know. Maybe that's too paranoid...
        
       | short12 wrote:
       | Rabies is crazy. Basically if you get it you die. There are a few
       | exceptions like the girl in Wisconsin a while back
       | 
       | And she wasnt doing something stupid either. If I recall
       | correctly she grabbed a rafter in her Attic and bam
        
         | Wowfunhappy wrote:
         | I thought the survival rate was extremely high if you get the
         | vaccine very soon after being bitten?
        
           | LandR wrote:
           | If you get the vaccine before showing symptoms, it's pretty
           | much 100% survival.
           | 
           | If you show symptoms and haven't got the vaccine it's pretty
           | much 100% fatal.
           | 
           | Wild.
        
         | WaitWaitWha wrote:
         | > Basically if you get it you die.
         | 
         | Jeanna Giese (and six others) would disagree with you; and
         | everyone else who where saved by the vaccine.
        
         | pdabbadabba wrote:
         | > Basically if you get it you die.
         | 
         | There's a critical (literally life and death) clarification to
         | be made here. As far as I know, it's emphatically not true that
         | you're doomed as soon as you are _infected_ with rabies. My
         | understanding is that a rabies infection is actually quite
         | treatable if caught early. That 's why, if you think there is
         | any chance that you've bit bitten by a rabid animal, you should
         | seek treatment immediately.
         | 
         | I think its when you begin _exhibiting symptoms_ that you 're
         | basically a goner. If that's what you mean by "get it," then I
         | don't disagree with your comment. But I'm not sure that's how
         | people would interpret it.
        
         | hunterb123 wrote:
         | No there's a high chance of survival if you get the vaccine
         | and/or glycoprotein before showing symptoms.
         | 
         | A handful of people have survived entirely without.
        
       | tomohawk wrote:
       | Great. Pretty soon they'll be requiring us to wield umbrellas at
       | all times both indoors and outdoors "just to be safe".
        
         | vnchr wrote:
         | It's just 15 days. What's the worst that could happen?
        
       | WaitWaitWha wrote:
       | I got bitten by a dog when I was a 13 years old, but the owner
       | refused to provide details about the dog.
       | 
       | I had post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies. Five sets of shots
       | into my torso.
       | 
       | This was less than pleasant.
        
         | AlbertCory wrote:
         | "21 shots in the stomach" used to be what they scared us kids
         | with.
         | 
         | A guy I knew recently got bitten by a dog and had to get the
         | shots. He said it was five in the arm.
        
           | WaitWaitWha wrote:
           | This was... long, long, long time ago in a far far place.
        
       | billiam wrote:
       | Do we need any more reasons to avoid bats really?
        
         | tibbydudeza wrote:
         | They are mobile germ incubation factories - 25% of mammals on
         | the planet are bats just second after rodents.
        
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       (page generated 2022-01-06 23:00 UTC)