[HN Gopher] Omicron at 100% Prevalence, Colorado
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Omicron at 100% Prevalence, Colorado
        
       Author : shrubble
       Score  : 237 points
       Date   : 2022-01-06 08:16 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (covid19.colorado.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (covid19.colorado.gov)
        
       | openasocket wrote:
       | I'd love to see a numbers breakdown estimating the impact Omicron
       | would have on the US if we had a nearly complete (say 90%)
       | vaccination rate. How many infections would we be seeing, how
       | many hospitalizations, how many people in the ICU? How much would
       | this strain our healthcare system? And how would that compare
       | with, say, the flu?
        
         | xkbarkar wrote:
         | Iceland is 92% vaccinated double and I think 60% of them
         | triple. Half the famn population is in isoliation because of
         | infection. Feel free to check their covid stats in covid.is (
         | they have an english version ). Most hospitalized are fully
         | vaccinated ( 2 or 3 ) Most serious cases are unvaccinated,
         | HOWEVER. Out of 34 hospitalized with c19 6 were patients in
         | cardiology that got infected in the hospital and had to be
         | tranferred to c19. Authorities have not wanted to comment if
         | any of the serious c19 cases came from people who were already
         | seriously ill, already hospitalized and not vaccinated due to
         | that. Since the ICU numbers are so small, this significance is
         | easily skewed. Much less hospitalizations than the models
         | predicted.
        
           | xkbarkar wrote:
           | Id like to add. C19 severity has a very clear link to
           | obesity, Iceland is one of europes most obese peoples. If
           | omicron is not filling the iceland c19 ward ( I think we are
           | up to 30 patiens out of thousands of active cases ). then I
           | think this wave will pass as more of a scare than anything
           | else. It certainly disproves the usefulness of vaccine
           | passports. But that particular science is of course not
           | followed.
           | 
           | Sigh
        
       | denton-scratch wrote:
       | That article doesn't seem to say anything about "100%
       | prevalence".
        
       | ostenning wrote:
       | What are covid hospitalization rates for children currently?
        
       | opwieurposiu wrote:
       | There are 15k covid RNA in every ml of sewage coming out of
       | boston right now. Figure 200l a day of sewage per person and that
       | is a lot of covid. I would hold off on eating oysters for a bit.
       | 
       | https://www.mwra.com/biobot/biobotdata.htm
        
         | ed_balls wrote:
         | > I would hold off on eating oysters for a bit.
         | 
         | why? RNA detected != active virus. e.g. in room temperature,
         | virus can survive the maximum of 5 days (on plastic 3 days,
         | cardboard 24h). It's an impossible vector of transmission.
        
           | TranquilMarmot wrote:
           | I think that bit was meant as a joke
        
         | tpmx wrote:
         | Lobster consumption aside, those graphs show an insane increase
         | compared to previous waves.
        
         | cwt137 wrote:
         | Most people are relying on arbitrary testing to figure out how
         | many people are infected. I think this totally under reporting
         | number of infections because the whole population is not tested
         | on a regular basis. To get an accurate picture of people are
         | infected, you have to look at whole populations.
         | 
         | One whole population group to study to get a better
         | understanding of how bad this wave is is to look at the cruise
         | line industry. Everyone has to get tested, and thus you are
         | studying a whole population. According to a recent CDC report
         | [1], between Nov 30 - Dec 14 of 2021, 162 cases were reported
         | on cruise ships. Then the next two weeks 5013 cases were
         | reported. This is roughly a 30x increase!
         | 
         | If you look at the NY Times infections chart[2], in the same
         | time period, their 7 day average only went up like 3x. This is
         | grossly under reporting of infections.
         | 
         | The sewage chart looks at a whole population and it is easy to
         | see the increase in infection is more in the 30x scale than it
         | is the 3x scale.
         | 
         | Be safe out there everybody. If you look at whole population
         | groups, Covid is way more infectious than what a lot of news
         | media outlets and their data would tell you.
         | 
         | 1. https://www.cnbc.com/2021/12/30/us-cdc-says-people-should-
         | av... 2.
         | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/us/coronavirus-us-c...
         | 
         | This sewage report is about a whole population and it is clear
         | to see infections many more times higher than what a lot of
         | news agencies are reporting.
        
         | jdavis703 wrote:
         | I'd be surprised if coronavirus can infect non-mammals. I don't
         | think there's been any scientific evidence of this. For the
         | reports of contaminated fish and what not, it's suspected the
         | contamination happened on the supply chain (e.g. someone at a
         | fish packing plant coughed on food.)
        
         | KennyBlanken wrote:
         | That's not how viruses work.
         | 
         | Early in the pandemic researchers swabbed lots of surfaces and
         | while they were able to amplify COVID DNA from a bunch of the
         | swabs, they were not able to successfully culture a single
         | sample from any surface, which included the hospital room of a
         | patient on a respirator where the virus would have been beyond
         | abundant.
        
           | opwieurposiu wrote:
           | It's how norovirus works, and sometimes hepatitis too:
           | 
           | https://www.livescience.com/62485-how-does-norovirus-get-
           | int...
           | 
           | Some harvesters will hold oysters in sterile water for a few
           | days to clean them out (Depuration). This usually works but
           | it is hard to know for sure if the one on your plate got this
           | treatment or not.
        
             | numpad0 wrote:
             | You should not be eating that oyster raw if you are not
             | sure, and that only applies to norovirus which is resistant
             | to mild disinfectants(e.g. ethanol)
        
       | nradov wrote:
       | The CDC publishes a weekly chart showing the proportions of
       | circulating variants for the US as a whole. The Delta variant had
       | previously driven most other variants near extinction, and now
       | Omicron is doing the same to Delta.
       | 
       | https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#circulatingVariant...
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | That's a potentially misleading visualization. Delta can be
         | steady rolling even if its share falls from 100% to 5%, as it
         | apparently has, if the denominator has increased by the same
         | factor.
        
         | everybodyknows wrote:
         | Variants disaggregated by locality within US:
         | 
         | https://outbreak.info/
        
         | awb wrote:
         | Many of the first infected in SA previously had Delta. I
         | haven't seen anyone suggesting that contracting Omicron gives
         | you natural immunity to Delta.
         | 
         | Here are some links saying you can get both:
         | 
         | https://www.inquirer.com/health/coronavirus/omicron-delta-en...
         | 
         | https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/health/1543522/can-you-...
         | 
         | https://www.miamiherald.com/news/coronavirus/article25678686...
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | You can get infected with both, but there is still a
           | significant level of cellular immunity across all common
           | variants.
           | 
           | https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.06.471446v1
        
             | awb wrote:
             | For someone not well versed in virology, can you please
             | explain what that means?
             | 
             | How do you get infected with significant levels of cellular
             | immunity? And does that mean the infection is less severe?
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | There are multiple components to the immune system. For
               | some viruses like measles, prior infection or vaccination
               | usually triggers production of sterilizing antibodies
               | which block subsequent infections in most patients. That
               | isn't really the case for COVID-19. However the immune
               | system also contains memory cells which can ramp up
               | defenses more quickly during reinfections. The targets
               | for those defenses are mostly the same across all SARS-
               | CoV-2 variants.
               | 
               | I have oversimplified this explanation to keep the
               | comment short. If you'd like to really understand what's
               | going on I recommend this panel discussion by a group of
               | leading physicians; it's long but worth a listen.
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/GklHGYY8vN8
        
           | bagacrap wrote:
           | if natural immunity derived from omicron doesn't protect you
           | against Delta then why is there no more Delta in Colorado (as
           | per TFA)?
        
         | rafale wrote:
         | Our savior Omicron. The ultimate vaccinator. Nature finally had
         | mercy on us.
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | i wonder what countries like China and New Zealand who are
           | taking a zero COVID approach are going to do. COVID is
           | endemic in the rest of the world except for those places
           | where it doesn't exist at all? I don't see that working.
        
             | soperj wrote:
             | New Zealand isn't doing Covid Zero any more since October.
        
             | amanaplanacanal wrote:
             | Are they still doing zero Covid now?
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | China is still pursuing a zero COVID policy. Personally I
               | think that's bad policy, but they're sticking to it.
               | 
               | https://www.cnn.com/2022/01/03/china/xian-covid-outbreak-
               | loc...
        
           | mullingitover wrote:
           | Omicron isn't significantly more contagious than Delta for
           | the unvaccinated, however. It's just that the vaccinated can
           | spread omicron, so anyone who wasn't vaccinated and managed
           | to dodge infection for this long is now in nightmare-level
           | difficulty when it comes to remaining uninfected.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Omicron appears to be significantly more contagious than
             | Delta for everyone including the unvaccinated.
             | 
             | https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-
             | 2...
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | There's a preprint for a study of 12,000 households in
               | Denmark that seems to offer evidence to the contrary[1].
               | Take my earlier claim with a grain of salt, I'm not an
               | epidemiologist, but this is what an epidemiologist told
               | me.
               | 
               | > Surprisingly, we observed no significant difference
               | between the SAR of Omicron versus Delta among
               | unvaccinated individuals (Table 3). This indicates that
               | the increased transmissibility of the Omicron VOC
               | primarily can be ascribed to immune evasion rather than
               | an inherent increase in the basic transmissibility. If
               | this observation can be confirmed by independent studies,
               | it has important ramifications for the understanding of
               | the current challenges for control of the epidemic
               | 
               | [1] https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.27.21
               | 268278v...
        
           | politician wrote:
           | Too bad they skipped a letter in naming it; it would've been
           | some good PR for China.
           | 
           | https://www.rapidtables.com/math/symbols/greek_alphabet.html
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | slavik81 wrote:
       | December 27th was the first day I personally knew a Canadian that
       | had caught COVID. Today, I know of three independent outbreaks
       | among my friends and even more at work.
       | 
       | The Alberta active case rate looks like a vertical line [1], and
       | that's even after recently switching mostly to take-home test
       | kits that don't get reported in these numbers. In my group of
       | friends, 6/7 tested with take-home kits.
       | 
       | [1]:
       | https://twitter.com/ByMatthewBlack/status/147886170257374003...
        
       | dqpb wrote:
       | It's amazing how China has apparently been almost untouched by
       | the pandemic since end of March 2020.
        
       | rocqua wrote:
       | I thought that a second variant was essentially an independent
       | stochastic process. If I have that right that suggests that, had
       | Omicron not occurred Colorado would currently be Corona-free.
       | 
       | I doubt that is true though. Maybe some of the people who now
       | have Omicron would have gotten Delta later on? I don't see how
       | one variant can truly extinguish another variant otherwise. But I
       | am hoping someone here knows better than me.
        
         | c-fe wrote:
         | How do you see them as independent stochastic processes?
         | Assuming one person can only be infected with 1 variant at a
         | time, then they are not independent, instead they would be
         | negatively correlated since the more people have omikron the
         | less people can get delta. If instead one person can have more
         | than 1 variant at a time, and they are really independent, then
         | your conclusion is incorrect since a 100% prevalance of omikron
         | would not imply a 0% prevalance of other variants.
        
           | johnchristopher wrote:
           | There's something I don't understand: why can't we be
           | infected with different variants at the same time ? And does
           | it extend to viruses (eg: can't get infected with flu if
           | currently fighting measles) ?
           | 
           | I read someone in Israel got `flurona`, flu + covid
           | (https://www.timesofisrael.com/flurona-israel-records-its-
           | fir...).
        
             | zmmmmm wrote:
             | well, at least with the different coronavirus strains, they
             | are similar enough that getting one is effectively like an
             | immunisation against all the other strains. Now you could
             | _probably_ get two strains simultaneously if you were
             | independently infected separately by both at the same time.
             | Delta, however, isn 't quite common enough for that to be
             | likely I think.
        
         | m0llusk wrote:
         | There are multiple factors involved. The extremely high rate of
         | spread of Omicron does a lot to bring it to the top. More
         | subtle is the difference between immunity generated by each.
         | That is, it appears that vaccinations and post infection
         | immunity from Delta are little help against Omicron infections,
         | but post Omicron immunity is highly effective against Delta.
         | This appears to be related primarily to differences in the
         | spike protein.
        
         | rsynnott wrote:
         | If having had omicron is reasonably protective against
         | contracting delta in the short term, then this works. For now.
         | Who knows how long any acquired immunity holds up.
         | 
         | Delta did pretty much eliminate prior variants in many parts of
         | the world.
        
         | gilbetron wrote:
         | Your bodies response to a virus makes it difficult for another
         | virus to take hold, but not impossible. There's a lag in the
         | body's immune response when a virus first is detected, and then
         | another lag while the body builds up the defenders (antibodies
         | and other things). So for someone to have multiple viruses at
         | the same time, largely the exposure has to happen at the same
         | time. The more different the viruses are, the more likely they
         | can be in the body at the same time in a meaningful number.
         | When an immune system is "all revved up", it is very hard for a
         | few thousand virus cells to get exponential growth going
         | needed.
         | 
         | Antibodies (and b-cells and t-cells) for Delta work ok enough
         | against Omicron, and vice-versa. Since Omicron is spreading so
         | fast, it is able to get to more bodies faster than Delta, so
         | Delta has no where to go. Delta did the same to previous
         | variants.
        
       | troyvit wrote:
       | People seem to see this as another sign that the pandemic is
       | either getting worse or almost over. I just see it as another
       | reason not to use Tableau.
        
       | GoldenMonkey wrote:
       | In Colorado. Anecdotal, 6 ppl I know here all have covid. 3 of
       | them had their boosters 2 weeks before hand. 1 unvaccinated. Was
       | like a bad cold for all of them.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | swasheck wrote:
         | also in colorado. currently have O. the + tests from our
         | (previously very cautious) friend groups are coming in rapidly.
         | i was boosted in mid-novemeber. _physical_ symptoms feel like a
         | bad cold (cough, congested head, sinus headaches) though i'm
         | afebrile. the mental symptoms are definitely
         | different/stronger. sleeplessness. auditory hallucinations. i'd
         | say mental fog but i can't say that's not related to the
         | sleeplessness.
        
           | frebord wrote:
           | I'm now 10 days clear of the last obvious symptoms - but I've
           | been having major trouble focusing since the end of the
           | Holiday and not sure if due to covid or not.
        
       | bigyellow wrote:
        
         | sroussey wrote:
         | My friends without the vaccine that got Covid are dead, and the
         | one that did get the vaccine are alive.
        
           | empressplay wrote:
           | That's incredibly unlucky! I know several people who got
           | Covid pre-vaccine (including myself) and we're all still
           | alive. Although it wasn't exactly a party and most of us
           | (including myself) have been vaccinated since so we could be
           | fairly certain we wouldn't get it again.
        
         | Taywee wrote:
         | The vaccines were never purported to be 100% effective, and all
         | the data and information was clear that they had lower
         | effectiveness against Delta, and even lower against Omicron.
         | 
         | If people told you that the vaccines would lower your chances
         | of contracting every known major variant and lower your chances
         | of a serious illness, they were right. If they told you that
         | the vaccines were guaranteed to completely prevent every
         | variant of the virus, they were lying to you. If you heard the
         | former but interpreted it as the latter, that's on you.
        
           | decebalus1 wrote:
           | Is it just me or are we getting a lot of new(ish) accounts
           | posting blatant COVID misinformation and/or flamebait lately?
        
       | mperham wrote:
       | The metrics presentation on the page are very misleading. The use
       | of color is confusing (red generally means bad or getting worse,
       | green means good or getting better). The up/down arrows are
       | seemingly red or blue arbitrarily. Why are the four rows each
       | colored differently? Just a bizarre UI.
       | 
       | If you have to present data to a user, please read a book by
       | Edward Tufte first. His books will change your entire
       | perspective, e.g.
       | 
       | https://www.edwardtufte.com/tufte/books_vdqi
        
       | frebord wrote:
       | The spread is so fast, all charts now look insane and would be
       | terrifying if not for the mild symptoms.
       | 
       | I wonder if it is possible for a virus to wipe itself out by
       | spreading so quickly that it ends up with very few left to
       | infect, assuming it doesn't mutate enough in time.
        
       | listless wrote:
       | Everyone in my house had COVID in September and now we all have
       | it again. Vaccinated, boosted, prior infection - none of it
       | matters when it comes to avoiding the virus. I think we're at the
       | point where the virus is part of life and the best we can do is
       | get back to living.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | i don't know why the parent was modded down. It seems to me the
         | governments are beginning to change the narrative to "the virus
         | is part of life and the best we can do is get back to living.".
        
       | Marazan wrote:
       | Omicron has probably saved Florida (andnother southern states)
       | from a horrendous Delta winter wave.
        
         | rhino369 wrote:
         | I'm skeptical. The 2020 Winter wave started in October. But
         | cases were decreasing of flat Oct. and Nov. with barely any
         | mitigations in place. There was some sign of an increase in
         | very late nov. and early december. Whether that is an early
         | sign of a wave, a thanksgiving bump, or signs of Omicron
         | spreading, it's hard to tell.
         | 
         | But it Florida and the South had a high degree of immunity to
         | delta even pre omicron.
        
       | yeswecatan wrote:
       | I have no idea how to read this website. Could someone break this
       | down for me?
        
       | callumprentice wrote:
       | Can anyone point me to a reliable source that explains in
       | layman's terms why one cancels out the other and it's not
       | possible to have both (say) delta and omicron at once.
       | 
       | Somewhat tongue in cheek, but since cancellation seems to be the
       | case, could we not create a version that was 100x more
       | transmissible than omicron but completely benign? Cane toads in
       | Australia aside ;)
        
         | hogrider wrote:
         | Just a no sources comment: you can get confection of the flu
         | and covid or any variant with any other variant at the same
         | time. It's just over time one variant out competes the others
         | because it's more fit.
        
           | omnicognate wrote:
           | Dumb question that's been vaguely nagging at me: If a host
           | can have both at the same time, in what sense are they
           | competing? There are plenty of cells to infect in a
           | particular host aren't there?
        
             | regularfry wrote:
             | They're competing to infect the next hosts in the chain.
             | With two present, the one that can get itself passed on
             | more often wins overall.
        
               | omnicognate wrote:
               | Ah, so you can contract both viruses but are only likely
               | to pass one on? Do you know why that is?
        
               | regularfry wrote:
               | They have different transmission probabilities. Omicron
               | has far more presence in the upper respiratory tract.
               | It's just a numbers game, they're not competing in any
               | active sense.
        
               | omnicognate wrote:
               | In that case I don't understand the "omicron will
               | outcompete other variants" thing I keep reading about. If
               | they don't interact wouldn't the progress of one variant
               | be unaffected by the presence of another?
        
               | Imnimo wrote:
               | I think you're correct - if Omicron and Delta provided no
               | cross-immunity, there would be no competition, and they
               | would just continue on their own trajectories as if the
               | other didn't exist.
               | 
               | But, I think that's not actually the case. Omicron
               | infection does provide some immunity against Delta. See
               | this preliminary report from South Africa, for example:
               | https://www.ahri.org/omicron-infection-enhances-
               | neutralising...
               | 
               | I'm not an expert (so take this next part with a very
               | large grain of salt), but I would guess that someone with
               | an active Omicron infection (and so swarming with
               | antibodies) would get the biggest immunity boost against
               | Delta. So if Omicron is everywhere, Delta runs out of
               | infectable hosts. In principle, it could even go extinct
               | - if that were to happen, it wouldn't matter so much if
               | Omicron-induced immunity wanes, there would be no Delta
               | left once the shields are down.
        
         | davesque wrote:
         | I think it's because Omicron spreads more quickly and confers
         | some immunity towards Delta. So before Delta has had a chance
         | to infect a given person, they've probably already gotten some
         | immunity from Omicron.
        
         | jbeam wrote:
         | Exponential growth. Lets say that there is one delta infection
         | and one omicron infection in the population. Each delta
         | infection causes two more people to be infected, while each
         | omicron infection causes three more people to be infected.
         | 
         | The growth of a single delta infection: 1 -> 2 -> 4 -> 8 -> 16
         | -> 32 -> 64
         | 
         | Versus a single omicron infection: 1 -> 3 -> 9 -> 27 -> 81 ->
         | 243 -> 729
         | 
         | Omicron started out as 50% of the cases and over 6 reinfection
         | cycles became 90% of the cases. Delta just can't keep up. These
         | are made up numbers but that is the general idea.
        
           | callumprentice wrote:
           | Nod - that explains why omicron grew so quickly but why, in
           | doing so, does delta not persist?
        
             | convolvatron wrote:
             | i assume that the immunity you get from having O helps damp
             | down cases of D
        
             | nostromo wrote:
             | To actually answer the question: because immunity from one
             | transfers to the other.
             | 
             | Omicron is basically a self-administering vaccine that is
             | preventing Delta from spreading as easily.
        
               | nathanyz wrote:
               | I love this self-administering vaccine as it so elegantly
               | explains the answer to the parent's question.
               | 
               | BUT, it is so elegant that you just provided fuel for the
               | new conspiracy theory of how government forced us to get
               | vaccinated by creating this crazy new variant in a lab
               | that would essentially spread the vaccine without our
               | permission. Just waiting for that to start bubbling up
               | from the fringes ;)
        
               | brahadeesh wrote:
               | Unfortunately, things don't need to be one way or the
               | other for conspiracy theorists to spin it the way they
               | want to.
        
             | whatshisface wrote:
             | It does persist, all else remaining the same, but since it
             | is so much less infectious it will go extinct if and when
             | anything makes a dent in Omicron. Dents including
             | lockdowns, increased vaccination, changes in public
             | behavior or eventual immunity.
        
         | _greim_ wrote:
         | IIRC there was a study showing Omicron antibodies are effective
         | against previous variants, but not vice versa.
         | 
         | [edit] I think this is where I heard that. Feel free to judge
         | for yourself how reliable the source is.
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PYLbJ0H8zdc
        
         | gpm wrote:
         | > could we not create a version that was 100x more
         | transmissible than omicron but completely benign? Cane toads in
         | Australia aside ;)
         | 
         | You overestimate our abilities to make viruses that do what we
         | want, let alone to make viruses that do what we want and won't
         | evolve into viruses that do what we don't want after being
         | released into the wild.
         | 
         | This is also basically saying "can't we make a transmissible
         | vaccine", and as much as I like vaccine mandates, I think there
         | would be significant ethical issues with that.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | I feel like I recall at least one worm that somebody released
           | that would infect servers, patch the vulnerability that it
           | used to get in, infect other vulnerable servers, then delete
           | itself.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | tkahnoski wrote:
           | A bit of a sidebar this was basically the plot of The Last
           | Ship. With infrastructure of the world crumbling how do you
           | distribute immunity without the manufacturing infrastructure.
           | 
           | So yeah I'd put it in a 'last ditch Hail Mary to save the
           | world' type of plan...
        
       | shrubble wrote:
       | I can't easily link to the last chart at the bottom of the page,
       | which shows all the variants.
       | 
       | However it does seem to be the case that omicron is taking over
       | in Colorado USA...
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | The CDC publishes this data as well.
         | 
         | https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportion...
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | dheera wrote:
       | What does 100% prevalence mean? 100% of people are at least
       | silent carriers?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | lsaferite wrote:
         | Based on the chart it's 100% of the positive tests being
         | Omnicron.
        
       | rubyist5eva wrote:
       | If the studies suggesting that Omicron antibodies help protect
       | against the Delta variant, and Omicron seems much more mild in
       | comparison - looks like we're seeing an actual possibility of an
       | end to the pandemic (at least to the point where we deal with
       | COVID like we do with cold and flu season instead of shutting
       | down the world).
        
       | Bellend wrote:
       | As someone else mentioned and I agree that I hope we are at the
       | end of covid lockdown potential but is that realistic?
       | 
       | Is it pure luck that Omicron is more transmissible but apparently
       | less severe than Delta? What is to stop the next variant being
       | more transmissible than Omicron but 10 times more deadly?
       | 
       | I know news outlets are really bad for clickbait titles, but I
       | read yesterday that a new variant was detected in South France in
       | the last few days? When will the carnival end and what does it
       | mean?
        
         | hedgehog wrote:
         | It's pretty much pure luck that Omicron isn't more severe than
         | Delta, and it's not clear that it's a lot less severe though
         | that'll be clear in the data in another month. I suspect in 20
         | years this thing will look more like measles in that high
         | levels of vaccination starting in childhood + rapid response on
         | outbreaks will make it a negligible risk at a personal level.
         | Who knows though, anyone promising certainty is probably trying
         | to sell you something.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rich_sasha wrote:
         | It depends whether it confers immunity to other variants, and
         | how long it lasts.
         | 
         | If it's good at that, it is so transmissible that quickly
         | everyone will get it (the fabled "herd immunity") and new
         | variants, unless they break the mould, won't have a large
         | enough population of o sustain themselves in.
         | 
         | Otherwise, maybe we'll enter into some kind of equilibrium,
         | where there's enough of not-terrible Omicron to keep everyone
         | "topped up", equivalent to permanently high vaccination levels.
         | 
         | Or, none of our happens and as you say, the next variant is
         | more transmissible and more deadly, and we're screwed again.
         | 
         | Re France, new variants pop up all the time, if it's the same
         | one I read about, there's no indication that it's special right
         | now so for now I'd say clickbait.
        
         | chubot wrote:
         | As far as I understand that's not likely because the it would
         | be maladaptive for the virus. If there were a really deadly
         | variant in South Africa, then 1) it wouldn't spread as fast
         | because viruses need live hosts to spread and 2) people would
         | change their behavior before it reached the entire world.
         | 
         | That is, Omicron is mild so people likely didn't change their
         | behavior too much. If you saw a lot of people around you going
         | to the hospital, you would likely stop going out so much. (Some
         | people knew many people going to the hospital during the
         | pandemic; others saw none for years. The infection was very
         | unevenly distributed. On HN I expect most people are remote
         | workers and know few people getting infected.)
        
       | nayuki wrote:
       | My province has a nice data presentation too:
       | https://covid19-sciencetable.ca/ontario-dashboard/
        
       | namelessoracle wrote:
       | Serious question. If Omicron was the initial variant of Covid 19,
       | would we have seen shut downs and the level of global response we
       | did? Is the thought it's only this level of mildness because of
       | vaccination rates?
       | 
       | My gut is that the answer would be yes because this variant
       | targets children more effectively.
        
         | bagacrap wrote:
         | define "targets". Transmissibility or actual harm? Children are
         | at no more risk of harm from this variant than any other AFAIK.
        
       | ecf wrote:
       | Is this the part in Plague Inc where the virus infects everyone
       | and then mutates into a 99% chance of death monster?
        
       | gz5 wrote:
       | Dr. Katelyn Jetelina, MPH PhD, has a nice substack from
       | perspective of an epidemiologist. Two notable recent Omicron
       | posts on that substack:
       | 
       | The potentially scary aspects:
       | https://yourlocalepidemiologist.substack.com/p/state-of-affa...
       | 
       | The potentially good news:
       | https://yourlocalepidemiologist.substack.com/p/there-is-good...
       | 
       | Obviously it is still early, but imo those 2 posts give a decent
       | lay of the land.
        
         | zpeti wrote:
         | Just a thought after reading the good news - ok this is great
         | for the US and the west where there is decent vaccination.
         | 
         | What the hell is going to happen with the omicron spread in
         | countries with hardly any vaccination? I mean if it really is
         | like measles, this could be terrible.
        
           | barney54 wrote:
           | Countries like South Africa? Steep increase in cases and now
           | a steep fall in cases. Some increased deaths, but nothing
           | like delta or alpha.
           | https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/south-
           | afri...
        
         | Mordisquitos wrote:
         | Plus, to preemptively address any assumptions that Dr Jetelina
         | may have an optimistic bias, compare her " _There is good news_
         | " article from 5th January, which is based on what we now know,
         | with her article from 26th November when Omicron (initially
         | called "Nu") was first detected: " _New Concerning Variant:
         | B.1.1.529_ "
         | https://yourlocalepidemiologist.substack.com/p/new-concernin...
         | 
         | At the time, little was known about this new variant except
         | that it was _extremely_ different from all that we had seen
         | before, which would very likely result in escape from prior
         | immunity, and may even lead to more severe disease (or not?).
         | The only definitive silver lining that she found at the time
         | was that 1) the variant could be quickly detected with PCR
         | thanks to its S-gene deletion, 2) it was detected early thanks
         | to South Africa, and 3) vaccines could be quickly adapted if
         | necessary, thanks to mRNA vaccine technology. However, in all
         | other regards, the variant was still very concerning.
         | 
         | In other words, do take her cautious optimism seriously. She's
         | not a wishful thinker. Rather, she is a specialist in the field
         | who works with the data as it becomes available and knows how
         | to interpret it
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | There are S-gene silent Omicron subvariants in France (not
           | sure if it is the same as the more concerning variant
           | recently)
        
           | bengale wrote:
           | Yeah I've consistently found her writing to be good. She's
           | one of the primary sources I use for keeping up to date with
           | what's going on with covid.
        
         | enragedcacti wrote:
         | Thanks for this, just in those two blog posts she answered many
         | lingering questions I had about how omicron has been changing
         | things. the SEOd google results are always a flood of
         | incomplete or speculative information when I try to find
         | answers to covid questions so this is a dream come true.
         | 
         | If anyone has any other sources like this that can find and
         | interpret good data for covid I'd love to hear about them.
        
           | bengale wrote:
           | I've also found this blog to be useful:
           | https://thezvi.substack.com
        
             | harpersealtako wrote:
             | Calling zvi's blog "useful" is an understatement, he's
             | practically a lesser deity of covid-19 modeling.
        
               | toolz wrote:
               | I think thought-leaders and experts could use a whole lot
               | less deification right now.
        
               | tharne wrote:
               | > I think thought-leaders and experts could use a whole
               | lot less deification right now
               | 
               | I'm not sure that's possible - the experts are more or
               | less screaming into the wind at this point. The WHO and
               | the CDC have been reduced to punchlines by liberals and
               | conservatives alike. IMHO this scorn is well-deserved.
        
         | spurgu wrote:
         | What are the "scary aspects" of that article? That Omicron is
         | highly transmissible forcing people to take time off work?
        
         | CPLX wrote:
         | I'm not a big fan of this new trend of some random Twitter
         | personality suddenly becoming the go-to source of information
         | on COVID.
         | 
         | Granted, it seems true that she's actually an epidemiologist,
         | though not unusually notable as an assistant professor at a
         | mainstream state school. As far as I know she doesn't have
         | unusual access to information, or a hands on role, she's
         | drawing from public sources and doing analysis.
         | 
         | Which, is fine. But what makes me nervous about this trend is
         | that she's now like almost a household name. She's built a
         | personal brand around this image as being the up to the minute
         | source of information, and the audience she's developed has a
         | certain profile. They're basically looking for someone to tell
         | them how bad everything is and how scary everything looks,
         | backing it up with details so her audience can feel smart when
         | they relay all this info to their friends.
         | 
         | The minute that COVID isn't actually something to worry about
         | her audience is gone and she goes back to being a random
         | obscure civilian.
         | 
         | Which is an incentive structure that makes me pretty sure I
         | know what she'll be posting tomorrow, and a week from now, and
         | so on.
         | 
         | I realize the mainstream news media isn't any better. But
         | still, it's an odd new development that people are mostly
         | seeking out the level of fear/concern they want in their news
         | rather than the other way around.
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | If it matters almost the same thing has been happening in my
           | country (Romania), only that around these parts of the world
           | we have FB as a replacement for Twitter.
           | 
           | I personally regard it as a coping mechanism for the people
           | that follow these newly created Covid personalities, the bad
           | thing is that in most of the cases the mainstream media copy-
           | pastes those posts/messages and presents them as the truth,
           | even though there are many devils hidden in the statistical
           | details most of the time.
        
         | timr wrote:
         | From her "scary" post:
         | 
         | > In certain jurisdictions, though, we've met or exceeded last
         | winter's hospitalization peak. We can see this in many states
         | in the Northeast, including New York.
         | 
         | When presented with a new source, I tend to judge people based
         | on their perspectives on things I know about. This one is a
         | case study in being misleading, while not _technically_ lying.
         | New York state has only  "met" last winter's hospitalization
         | peak if you look at trend lines. If you look at
         | hospitalizations per day, we clearly haven't. Also, of course,
         | "last winter's peak" was not really any sort of stress for the
         | hospital system at all (compare to the spring 2020 wave, which
         | was), and it happened at a time when things were _much_ more
         | restricted than they are now:
         | 
         | https://covid-19.direct/state/36
         | 
         | The statement is _more_ correct for NYC data, where hospitals
         | have exceeded last winter 's peak on a trend-line and per-day
         | basis:
         | 
         | https://www1.nyc.gov/site/doh/covid/covid-19-data-totals.pag...
         | 
         | ...but it's still misleading, because again, this is a fraction
         | of previous waves in NYC, but also, a lot of these
         | hospitalizations are going to ERs for _testing_. Government
         | officials are pleading people to stop going to the hospital for
         | trivial things:
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/MarkLevineNYC/status/1478353835793997827
         | 
         | I don't know if she is intentionally trying to mislead, or just
         | doesn't have a good handle on the data, but this is the sort of
         | thing that makes me skeptical of a person's other claims.
        
           | sterlind wrote:
           | > But it's still misleading, because a lot of these
           | hospitalizations are going to ERs for testing.
           | 
           | I don't think this is correct. Going to the ER is not the
           | same as being admitted to the hospital. From everything I've
           | read, ER visits are _not_ counted as hospitalizations
           | anywhere.
        
             | timr wrote:
             | Yes, they are. They count anyone admitted to a hospital in
             | NYC, at any time, for any duration:
             | 
             | https://github.com/nychealth/coronavirus-
             | data/blob/ced762b25...
             | 
             | > Hospitalization counts reflect the total number of people
             | with COVID-19 ever admitted to a hospital, not the number
             | of people currently admitted.
             | 
             | If you go to the ER and make it to a treatment area, you're
             | admitted. These are bright-line distinctions. Nobody is
             | making judgment calls on the data ("did this person
             | _really_ get admitted, or is it just someone in the ER for
             | an hour? Let me look at the chart! ") at this level of
             | analysis.
        
               | technothrasher wrote:
               | Really? Is this a NYC thing? Any hospital I've ever been
               | in has considered the ER an outpatient service, and you
               | are only admitted to the hospital if they transfer you
               | from the ER to inpatient care. Do they consider other
               | outpatient services, like, say, yearly physicals, an
               | admission as well?
        
               | timr wrote:
               | I can't speak to outpatient services, but hospitals
               | report this data, and make the call. The government
               | doesn't do it -- which is what you'd expect. It's hard
               | and slow to make case-by-case judgment calls when you're
               | far from the source data. Hospitals, in turn, don't spend
               | any more time than is absolutely required making these
               | kinds of classifications, unless someone makes them do
               | it.
               | 
               | It would not surprise me at all to find that other
               | cities/states have the same thing happening.
        
         | cmrdporcupine wrote:
         | _" We can easily see that in many graphs, but my favorite is
         | below from New York City, showing a clear distinction in
         | hospitalizations among vaccinated compared to unvaccinated
         | people_ "
         | 
         | I don't see this as much here in Ontario. Among the vaccinated
         | as of today there is a 10.10/100k hospitalization status vs
         | 16/100k for the unvaccinated (and 11.9 for one-dose). The
         | hospitalization rate among the vaccinated is climbing quickly.
         | Yes, there's still a gap, but yikes.
         | 
         | ICU is better, though, with a 0.76/100k rate for the vaccinated
         | vs 4.74/100k for the unvaccinated.
         | 
         | This may have to do with different hospitalization and testing
         | criterion, I don't know. But hospitalization here is in full
         | exponential growth and not just among the unvaccinated.
         | 
         | Obviously being vaccinated is still far preferable. I have had
         | 3 doses (1 AstraZeneca and 2 Pfizer) FWIW.
        
           | radioactivist wrote:
           | The Ontario science table dashboard has the hospitalization
           | ratio for unvaccinated to vaccinated still at 5:1. Where are
           | you getting that these rates have become nearly equal?
           | 
           | edit: sorry had that written backwards
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | > Ontario science table dashboard has the hospitalization
             | ratio for vaccinated to unvaccinated still at 5:1. Where
             | are you getting that these rates have become nearly equal?
             | 
             | If the rates are the same, and 5/6 people are vaccinated,
             | we would expect 5/6 people admitted to the hospital to be
             | vaccinated. In fact, 5/6 people are vaccinated in the 12-40
             | age cohort, with older (and more vulnerable) populations
             | having at least 9/10 people vaccinated and quickly going to
             | 19+/20. Therefore, vaccines prevent hospitalizations, as
             | the average of all adults is greater than 5/6.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | You're misunderstanding. The dashboard is per Capita (so
               | you don't need to account for the stuff you're
               | describing), and shows 5x lower rate of vaccinated people
               | hospitalized (and 10x lower ventilated). A far cry from
               | the ~1.5x rate mentioned by ggp
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | Edit: It was a series of errors. Please check out
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29830131
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | Corrections: My above post was written in response to the
               | unedited version of the GP post, which stated the 5:1
               | ratio was vaccinated:unvaccinated (and implied it was
               | based on total numbers). Apparently, since I posted it
               | was edited (and corrected) to say it was 5:1 ratio of
               | unvaccinated to vaccinated (and based on per capita.)
               | This makes far more sense and also makes my reply look
               | insane.
               | 
               | I take GP at their word that there were just errors in
               | writing their post. But it does leave a weird artifact
               | out there that I cannot fix.
        
               | radioactivist wrote:
               | Yes, reading your post made me realize I typed it wrong
               | -- sorry again!
        
             | gpm wrote:
             | Link, for those who are looking for the (science table)
             | source: https://covid19-sciencetable.ca/ontario-dashboard/
        
           | JamesBarney wrote:
           | Mind sharing the data you're looking at from Ontario?
        
           | Maximus9000 wrote:
           | Alberta does a nice job breaking vaxxed VS Unvaxxed down by
           | age group:
           | 
           | https://imgur.com/a/Actj5Tf
           | 
           | https://www.alberta.ca/stats/covid-19-alberta-
           | statistics.htm...
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | My guess is that this speaks more to the cheapness of
           | hospitals in Canada and the greater likelihood to go to a
           | hospital with a lesser case of COVID. For instance, you quote
           | a 7.6% rate of the vaccinated moving from the hospital to the
           | ICU and a 29.6% rate of the unvaccinated moving from the
           | hospital to the ICU. Meanwhile, the US blended average seems
           | to be around 30% (eyeballing the data.) That could be because
           | the unvaccinated are an overwhelming percentage of the
           | admitted (it's the same rate), or it could be because there
           | is a higher bar to go to the hospital at all for either
           | class.
        
           | specialp wrote:
           | This data from NYC has been supplanted and updated for all of
           | NYS: https://coronavirus.health.ny.gov/covid-19-breakthrough-
           | data
           | 
           | This still shows a greater than 10x difference in outcomes.
           | Additionally, the "unvacccinated" population includes people
           | naturally vaccinated by virtue of having a previous case.
           | 
           | It could very well evolve into a form that is mild enough and
           | different enough from the vaccine spike that brings the
           | unvaccinated and vaccinated hospitalization rates to
           | convergence. Respiratory illnesses in general harm the
           | elderly and immunocompromised disproportionately. But if that
           | becomes the end game where COVID is still circulating,
           | vaccines are no longer as effective at preventing serious
           | illness, because the general severity has gone down, that is
           | also a good outcome as it is what we have always lived with.
           | 
           | Colds and flus have always killed 10s of thousands a year.
           | COVID killed many more because it was particularly severe.
           | Just as the flu of 1918 is still with us today in a less
           | harmful form (H1N1) This virus has a global reservoir and
           | will never run its course entirely before mutating again most
           | likely. Just like colds and flus before it.
        
             | clairity wrote:
             | > "COVID killed many more because it was particularly
             | severe."
             | 
             | no. covid is novel, not appreciably more severe, and that's
             | where mortality rates are coming from. it's following the
             | dynamics of the many cold and flu viruses that came before
             | it. we just happen to be at the beginning of the dynamics
             | rather than at relative steady-state (e.g., 'endemic'),
             | which is where most other viruses are at.
             | 
             | this inability to reason cogently about steady-state vs.
             | dynamic aspects of systems is absolutely rampant across
             | media, politics, and casual conversation, and must be a
             | named fallacy at this point, though i don't know that name
             | offhand.
        
               | somewhereoutth wrote:
               | It is? Care to source some data on these 'dynamics'?
               | 
               | You are engaging on wishful thinking I'm afraid - wishful
               | thinking that is even now still killing hundreds of
               | thousands. Perhaps there is a name for that too.
        
             | Animats wrote:
             | _" Additionally, the "unvacccinated" population includes
             | people naturally vaccinated by virtue of having a previous
             | case."_
             | 
             | Only if it's recent. How recent isn't clear yet. Somewhere
             | in the > 90 days, < 1 year range, it seems.[1] As of last
             | summer, about 1% of COVID cases were known re-
             | infections.[1] Most repeat cases seem to involve two
             | different variants.[2] Whether people who had previous
             | variants are showing up infected with the omicron variant
             | doesn't appear to be published yet.
             | 
             | [1] https://publichealth.jhu.edu/2021/why-
             | covid-19-vaccines-offe...
             | 
             | [2]
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC8604456/
        
           | ceras wrote:
           | Simpson's Paradox applies here: once you slice by age, the
           | data tells a different story. Even when vaccines are highly
           | effective, the confounding factor that gets lost when you
           | aggregate across ages is that the most vulnerable (the
           | elderly) are also the most vaccinated.
           | 
           | I highly recommend anybody concerned about hospitalization
           | among the vaccinated read this post. It's about Delta
           | hospitalizations in Israel 2021, but we should expect the
           | same effect from Omicron and across countries:
           | https://www.covid-datascience.com/post/israeli-data-how-
           | can-...
        
           | anewguy9000 wrote:
           | ontario still conflates anyone hospitalized for anything
           | testing positive for covid, with anyone hospitalized _from_
           | covid; this alone could explain the discrepancy between a
           | hospital bed and icu. lies damned lies and statistics...
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | It's not that simple: yes, if someone gets in a car crash
             | it's probably not COVID but there are many cases where
             | someone had a manageable condition that was disrupted by
             | COVID -- not 100% fault but not 0%, and a big problem for
             | hospital capacity.
        
               | iechoz6H wrote:
               | Counterpoint; My mum nearly died of Covid, six weeks in
               | hospital, four of which were in ICU. On leaving we
               | discovered she no longer had epilepsy.
        
               | djb_hackernews wrote:
               | Uh...What?
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | This is the sort of extraordinary claim that requires
               | extraordinary evidence to support it, and there are many
               | potential confounding factors.
        
               | iechoz6H wrote:
               | What sort of evidence would satisfy you?
        
               | labster wrote:
               | If this is true, I hope she is in contact with an
               | epilepsy researcher or three.
        
           | ricardobayes wrote:
           | Yes, surprisingly few outlets show this, but it would have
           | been crucial in showing vaccines work.
        
           | sudosysgen wrote:
           | You have to normalize by age.
           | 
           | Unvaccinated people in Canada are overwhelmingly very very
           | young, in Quebec most of them are too young to be vaccinated.
           | 
           | That's why they don't get hospitalized as much :)
           | 
           | Lies, damned lies, and statistics!
        
             | cosmiccrisp wrote:
             | I want to lookup data on the average age of unvaxed
             | patients currently in the ICU but so far have not found
             | any.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | That's not the metric you should look for (at least you
               | don't need to). You should look at the average age of
               | unvaccinated people. That way you can estimate the prior
               | probability of infection.
               | 
               | You can go here: https://health-
               | infobase.canada.ca/covid-19/vaccination-cover...
               | 
               | From that, you can figure out that there are more people
               | unvaccinated under 12 years old, than in the entire rest
               | of the population, by a large margins - out of 7.6
               | million people without full vaccination, 2.9 million are
               | between 5 and 11 years old, and 1.9 million people are
               | under 5 years old.
               | 
               | So out of the 7.6 million people who aren't fully
               | vaccinated, 4.8 million are under 12 years old!
               | 
               | And from 2.8 million remaining, 430k of those are under
               | 18, and 1.0 million are under 30.
               | 
               | From this, we can figure out that the pre-vaccine
               | hospitalization risk for the unvaccinated population is
               | much, much lower than for the normal population.
               | 
               | This is without taking into account health status, of
               | course!
               | 
               | Quebec publishes age-ajusted hospitalization rates per
               | vaccine status, the latest number is a 7.7x odds ratio,
               | which would be even worse for the ICU : https://mobile.tw
               | itter.com/sante_qc/status/14791225681667481...
        
           | oh_sigh wrote:
           | Comparing the rates only makes sense if one believes the risk
           | is distributed equally among the two populations. However,
           | the most vulnerable are the most likely to be vaccinated, and
           | the least vulnerable are the most likely to be unvaccinated,
           | so the vaccine could still be very effective even if the
           | rates of hospitalization are equal, or even worse for the
           | vaccinated population.
        
       | clcaev wrote:
       | Don't forget about long covid. My covid infection was mostly gone
       | in 3 days; yet 7 days after that I'm in the ER for peripheral
       | neuropathy. Several days later I am still here with perhaps
       | permanent loss of function. There are a few other youngsters like
       | me with covid complications on the neurology floor, most with
       | less than 2 comorbidities. Oh yea, the ER was packed, 6h to
       | triage.
        
         | redanddead wrote:
         | Wasn't there some kind of anticoagulant therapy that helped
         | persons with long covid? it was posted here yesterday I think
        
           | damontal wrote:
           | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357428572_Combined_.
           | ..
        
         | aarongray wrote:
         | Sorry to hear about your peripheral neuropathy. Check out some
         | of the treatments for dysautonomia. There are some cutting edge
         | treatments that have been developed over the past few years,
         | they just haven't become mainstream knowledge or trickled down
         | to the medical schools yet.
         | 
         | The two most effective approaches are using neuroplasticity
         | exercises to retrain the limbic system (cheap, but time
         | consuming - an hour a day for 6 months): https://ansrewire.com/
         | https://retrainingthebrain.com/
         | 
         | Or doing microcurrent neurofeedback (costs ~$150 a session, do
         | one session a week for a couple months):
         | https://microcurrentneurofeedback.com/
         | 
         | Essentially you have got to get the brain producing the proper
         | amount and type of brain waves again, and then once you have
         | that, slowly work back into exercising while trying to avoid
         | triggers and push / crash cycles.
        
         | cheeze wrote:
         | Were you vaccinated when you caught it? Hope your body recovers
         | over time friend.
        
       | ptx wrote:
       | > _we have plenty of N95's in supply. We also have KN95s for
       | kids._
       | 
       | Are they buying Chinese masks for the kids? Or is there an
       | American "for kids" N95 standard that creates a name collision
       | with the Chinese KN95 standard?
        
         | luhn wrote:
         | NIOSH (the agency behind the N95 standard) has not approved any
         | type of facemask for children, so any "N95 for kids" mask would
         | be counterfeit.
        
         | wffurr wrote:
         | The child-size masks I have for my three year old are all KF94s
         | from Korea.
         | 
         | https://bonafidemasks.com/childrens-face-masks/ lists small-
         | size KN95s from China and an uncertified mask from an N95
         | manufacturer.
        
       | benjaminwootton wrote:
       | Surely this is the end of the pandemic? With an estimated 300k+
       | cases per day here in the UK, that is 10 million this month on
       | top of everyone who has already had it. It's as though nobody is
       | ready to acknowledge the elephant in the room that Covid is
       | nearly finished.
       | 
       | Or am I missing something?
        
         | awb wrote:
         | It doesn't appear to be competing with COVID as much as
         | supplementing it.
         | 
         | https://www.miamiherald.com/news/coronavirus/article25678686...
         | 
         | Omicron is infecting fully vaccinated people and those with
         | previous infection. In the early cases detected in SA, many had
         | already had COVID and/or Delta.
         | 
         | It would be amazing if an Omicron infection produced antibodies
         | that fought off COVID & Delta, as that could rapidly bring
         | relief to the pandemic, but I haven't seen that suggested
         | anywhere yet.
         | 
         | If it's largely immune to the vaccine and doesn't produce
         | antibodies against COVID/Delta, we might as well label it a new
         | disease instead of a variant.
         | 
         | Luckily it seems to be incredibly mild. I wonder if we had such
         | robust data on the common cold of it would look similar to
         | Omicron.
        
           | barbs wrote:
           | > It would be amazing if an Omicron infection produced
           | antibodies that fought off COVID & Delta, as that could
           | rapidly bring relief to the pandemic, but I haven't seen that
           | suggested anywhere yet.
           | 
           | There has been a study that suggests Omicron infection
           | provides protection against previous variants. This
           | correlates with data from the UK that suggests Omicron is
           | displacing Delta.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PYLbJ0H8zdc (link to study in
           | description).
        
           | lamontcg wrote:
           | You're thinking about it all wrong. Omicron and Delta are the
           | same virus, and there's not particularly any good data that
           | Omicron is less intrinsically virulent than Delta.
           | 
           | Omicron infects those who are unboosted, and likely reinfects
           | a lot of the population that is >6 months recovered from
           | prior single infection.
           | 
           | It is all about the fact that Omicron infects people who
           | already have T-cells and aren't immunologically naive. The
           | way out of the pandemic is our memory B-cells and T-cells.
        
             | awb wrote:
             | > It is all about the fact that Omicron infects people who
             | already have T-cells and aren't immunologically naive. The
             | way out of the pandemic is our memory B-cells and T-cells.
             | 
             | What does immunologically naive mean? And how do B-cells
             | and T-cells help us get out of the pandemic?
             | 
             | Trying to learn as much as possible, thanks.
        
               | jatone wrote:
               | not a biologist, but my current understanding:
               | 
               | immunologically naive means that your body has no prior
               | exposure to a virus (or its variants). basically it means
               | it has NFC how to deal with it. so it basically has to
               | brute force its way to a defense against the strain.
               | 
               | This is why you saw people with early covid cases having
               | their immune system go haywire and a lot of the
               | treatments for covid focused on dampening the immune
               | system to prevent it from killing the patient.
               | 
               | once you've seen a virus and its variants a few times
               | your body has 'remembers' strategies on how to fight the
               | virus. and launches those strategies against it.
               | sometimes depending on the mutations those strategies are
               | less effective (omicron) and your body has to create new
               | strategies.
               | 
               | B-cells and T-cells are how the body store and deploy
               | these strategies.
        
         | oldstrangers wrote:
         | The actual elephant in the room is that covid is never truly
         | going away without an actual vaccine / cure.
        
         | dgellow wrote:
         | There is no way to know when it will end.
        
         | dokem wrote:
         | The gov and media are never going to straight up tell us the
         | pandemic is over. We have to take our way of life back and let
         | big bro silently move on to something else.
        
         | umvi wrote:
         | > Surely this is the end of the pandemic?
         | 
         | Depends on if politicians believe they can lift restrictions
         | without negatively reflecting their career or not. There's a
         | lot of Twitter mobs out there promoting "extreme caution" that
         | will tank your political career if you aren't catering enough
         | to their caution-comfort-level.
        
         | tinus_hn wrote:
         | It at least is the end of managing the pandemic. Whether you
         | want to or not, there is no locking down against this version.
        
         | causality0 wrote:
         | You're missing the fact you can catch it over and over. My wife
         | is currently battling Omicron after we both had covid at the
         | start of last year. Fully vaccinated and boosted three weeks
         | ago, caught it anyway. With an infected population this massive
         | mutations happen fast enough to cause a new wave before the old
         | one burns out.
        
           | coding123 wrote:
           | Here's a thought experiment. Compare the reddit "the button"
           | with Covid staying with us. Even with only 1 person at a time
           | trying to hit the button it stayed alive for 3 months. And
           | that's with people trying to keep it alive, 24x7 - just
           | enough people to keep it going. Enough people being
           | interested in getting a low time and staying with it.
           | 
           | With covid, it's just automatic, but you just need 1 foolish
           | move between 2 people, and there's no server making sure only
           | one person gets it at a time, it's totally a distributed
           | network. And the timeout, instead of being 60 seconds, it's 2
           | maybe 3 weeks (perhaps a lot longer - we don't REALLY know).
           | 
           | The thought experiment here is that if we TRY to keep
           | something alive that's actually kinda hard to and it lasts 3
           | months, how is covid EVER going to end?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | spurgu wrote:
           | I have omicron right now (4-5 months after 2nd jab, so pretty
           | much no effect from that) and it's just like a common cold
           | (certainly wouldn't call it "battling omicron"). I have
           | _zero_ problems with getting this each year.
        
             | throwhauser wrote:
             | Every year you'll be a year older though, which eventually
             | results in being in a different (higher) risk category.
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | Sure, and at some point I might even consider flu shots.
               | So what?
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | But this means, that we can reopen everything, let young
               | people "live", and target the efforts towards old people
               | (and other risk groups).
               | 
               | Atleast here in slovenia, most of the mandates affect
               | mostly the young and healthy... yes, theoretically
               | neither 20yo bobby nor his grandpa can enter nightclubs,
               | due to them being closed, but with such data, we could
               | reopen nightclubs, let bobby party and do all the stupid
               | stuff we were free to do at 20yo, and focus the effort at
               | grandpa, so he gets vaccinated, gets the masks, has
               | somone bring him food, so he doesnt have to go to the
               | stores, subsidize a plan for a smartphone to encourage
               | more videoconferencing instead of live visits, give out
               | free tests at home, to detect the infection early, etc.
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | You're describing a sanity of focused protection which
               | should've been in place since day one, but for some
               | reason policymakers instead lost their minds. :| At least
               | now with Omicron they will slowly realize that lockdowns
               | make no sense. Right? _Right?_ (looking at Finland and
               | crying, my home country recently having gone into full
               | lockdown mode for no good reason other than _case
               | numbers_ )
        
             | shrikant wrote:
             | Congratulations.
             | 
             | Both my wife and I (double vaxxed for 5 months, not boosted
             | yet although were just about to do so) caught Omicron-
             | flavoured Covid in the lead-up to Christmas and it wiped us
             | out each for 2-3 days each, with a combination of fatigue,
             | aches, fever, and violent coughing. Certainly worse than
             | any cold or flu we've had up until that point.
             | 
             | I still have a pretty nasty cough and a throat
             | inflammation.
             | 
             | Aren't anecdotes fun?
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | > Aren't anecdotes fun?
               | 
               | Anecdotes was precisely the reason why I posted it. See
               | whom I'm replying to.
        
               | steelstraw wrote:
               | Congratulations. You haven't had a bad cold or flu
               | before. It's not uncommon for the flu to knock someone
               | out for a good week. Or for a cold to leave a lingering
               | cough for weeks.
        
               | uhtred wrote:
               | You are the gatekeeper on feeling sick, now?
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | No, but he's fundamentally right. The symptoms described
               | are no worse than a moderate flu.
        
               | throwaway64643 wrote:
               | People forget that it knocks so many people down at once
               | in a short time, and with quarantine rules in force. It
               | is more contagious than flu/cold. Imagine what would
               | happen every year in winter if this becomes the new
               | normal.
        
               | abletonlive wrote:
               | Pointless post. We could ask the same of you.
        
               | bingohbangoh wrote:
               | We've been under threat of lockdown, under lockdown, or
               | under restrictions for ~2 years now.
               | 
               | It's understandable that some are very concerned after or
               | about getting sick but many of us, for our own sanity and
               | psychological health, need to move on.
        
               | crocodiletears wrote:
               | Caught a bad flu in late 2018. Lingered for two months.
               | Cough so bad, I dislocated a rib. Had X-rays taken, and
               | everything. Took about a year for the the rib to stop
               | slipping whenever I exerted myself. In the end, it was a
               | period of discomfort that set me back a spell, but which
               | I ultimately got over. Probably wouldn't try to shut down
               | society over it, or use it as proof that people should
               | fear the flu. Just that sometimes you get sicker than
               | usual.
        
               | smileysteve wrote:
               | > It's not uncommon for the flu to knock someone out for
               | a good week.
               | 
               | This is why it has a vaccine. That prevents it, prevent
               | seriousness of symptoms, and deaths. (yet a large percent
               | of the population doesn't get it, and so 50k us citizens
               | die each year)
        
               | dougmwne wrote:
               | It's terrible to feel terrible, but getting over the
               | worst part of Covid in 3 days is an enormous improvement
               | from how unvaccinated people fared in the initial waves.
               | Even for people not hospitalized, they dealt with
               | pneumonia and shortness of breath for weeks. I think we
               | can celebrate the progress we are making in reducing the
               | average severity of this disease and there are more tools
               | coming soon with Pfizer's new pill and newer multivalent
               | vaccines.
        
               | shrikant wrote:
               | Yeah absolutely, I count ourselves reasonably lucky that
               | we only caught the disease after vaccinations.
               | 
               | I have absolutely non-zero desire to go through this
               | every year, unlike my parent commenter though.
               | 
               | Would I be of a similar opinion as parent if I had a
               | similarly asymptomatic-to-mild case? I don't know for
               | sure, but I would hope not, because I wouldn't want to
               | draw conclusions or base policy from just my anecdotal
               | experience.
               | 
               | Other replies to me appear needlessly partisan jibes: I
               | neither said nor implied anything about continued
               | lockdowns and any such inference is pure projection.
        
               | dwaltrip wrote:
               | By saying "I don't want to experience this every year"
               | without any caveats, there is an implication we should do
               | something to prevent it. Especially given the broader
               | context of the pandemic thus far. Surely you can see how
               | many readers might feel that implication.
        
               | slibhb wrote:
               | > I have absolutely non-zero desire to go through this
               | every year, unlike my parent commenter though.
               | 
               | Many people get sick every year or every other year.
               | Their illness is like you described: 2-3 days of being
               | "knocked out" and about a week to fully recover.
               | 
               | It's not that I "desire" to go through that every year or
               | two, it's just life. I expect that's why people responded
               | incredulously to your post: for them, getting sick
               | occasionally is normal.
        
               | markkanof wrote:
               | Your parent commenter wasn't saying that they have a
               | desire to get this every year, just that if the worst
               | case outcome is getting what they had every year, they
               | would find that an acceptable trade-off for getting
               | society back to normal.
        
               | Miner49er wrote:
               | Your comment makes it out like everyone with Covid had
               | pnuemonia and shortness of breath for weeks, when really
               | it was a small minority.
        
               | rlpb wrote:
               | According to https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-59895598,
               | over 500,000 people in the UK are still suffering health
               | issues _a year after catching Covid_ , and nearly 900,000
               | are still suffering after 12 weeks. The UK population is
               | around 70 million, so that's around 1% of the entire
               | population. If you take into the fact that many people in
               | the UK have managed to not catch it at all yet, or
               | exclude children who suffer far less (if at all), then
               | the percentage would be higher.
               | 
               | I don't think 1% is "a small minority".
        
               | dougmwne wrote:
               | According to the CDC, 30% to 40% of symptomatic people
               | get shortness of breath, which is a significant share.
               | That is a signal that the infection has reached the lower
               | respiratory system.
               | 
               | https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/non-us-
               | setting...
        
               | artificialLimbs wrote:
               | Had I reported to the CDC (I didn't), I would have
               | reported that I woke up in the middle of the night unable
               | to take a deep breath, went nearly immediately back to
               | sleep, and was free of all symptoms the next day. This
               | would have counted toward the total (had I reported), and
               | such counting needs a wider perspective before such
               | things as say, creating lockdown policies based on these
               | figures.
        
               | perydell wrote:
               | I am curious how you know it was Omicron. Was it
               | sequenced and they told you that?
        
               | peder wrote:
               | This is one of the most privileged takes I've ever read.
               | OH GOOD HEAVENS. You were sick for a whole 2-3 days. Best
               | lockdown the country to avoid what most people experience
               | 1+ times per year.
        
               | jollybean wrote:
               | ? It's killed 800 000 people.
               | 
               | The 'privileged' comment is 'I got COVID it was just like
               | a cold, I can do this every year ... so there's no more
               | pandemic'.
               | 
               | Conflating their personal anecdote with the range of
               | outcomes.
               | 
               | For now, we're still in a pandemic. Hopefully it will get
               | better.
        
               | lovecg wrote:
               | Omicron didn't kill 800 000 people. There's also vastly
               | more immunity (whether through vaccines or previous
               | infections). Let's wait and see but there's hope it's a
               | different, milder disease.
        
               | thomasmg wrote:
               | (You are right of course. With the data we have now, we
               | are quite certain that Omicron is much milder. Hopefully
               | no lockdown is needed.)
               | 
               | But, personally, I would like to avoid getting Omicron,
               | as long term effects are still unclear: does "long
               | Omicron" exist, does it affect vaccinated, and if yes how
               | common and severe is it. There are some recent news about
               | long Covid: it could be micro-clots.
        
               | parthdesai wrote:
               | so the answer is to stay locked down and screw over small
               | businesses and tons of workers every winter because a
               | subset of people have harsher symptoms?
        
               | lukifer wrote:
               | Every policy has tradeoffs. We could save around 20,000
               | lives per year (in the US) with a simple policy change:
               | just cap all speed limits at 45 mph.
               | 
               | I think it's a fair critique that some lockdown measures
               | go too far (particularly those with low efficacy, or
               | "safety theater"), but it's more helpful to take about
               | specifics, rather than "lockdowns good" or "lockdowns
               | bad".
               | 
               | At some point (and maybe it's now?), we'll need to shift
               | our thinking from "pandemic" to "endemic". COVID is going
               | to be with us from now on, and will start to look more
               | like flu season (viruses tend to evolve to be less deadly
               | over time). And I don't say that to trivialize it; COVID
               | has given me much greater awareness of the impact of the
               | seasonal flu on the elderly and the immuno-compromised.
        
               | parthdesai wrote:
               | I agree, that is my point is exactly. At a certain point,
               | we need to learn to live with it. Majority of us on HN
               | are in an extremely privileged position where we can WFH
               | and infact for a lot of us, pandemic led to more savings.
               | But that is not the case for an average person out there.
               | There are families out there have been ruined financially
               | for life because their business had to shut down. Kids
               | very much might have life long repercussions from the
               | school shut down. At a certain we have to take all this
               | into account before just initiating a province wide
               | lockdown every winter (which is what is happening in the
               | country I live in, Canada).
        
               | gilbetron wrote:
               | That sounds like a fairly typical cold, maybe edging to
               | "bad" in my experience. I'm double vaxxed plus a booster
               | about 1 month ago, and currently have Omicron. I have
               | roughly the same experience as you, although less on the
               | coughing, which is odd because I usually get a lot more
               | coughing with colds.
        
               | uhtred wrote:
               | > That sounds like a fairly typical cold
               | 
               | No, it doesn't. I've never felt "wiped out" from a
               | typical cold.
        
               | drusepth wrote:
               | I regularly feel "wiped out" from a typical cold, often
               | for 4+ days in a row.
               | 
               | This whole thread is full of anecdotes from people
               | implicitly claiming that their experience applies to
               | everyone, when in reality everyone's going to have
               | different experiences with everything from colds to
               | covid. Unfortunately, the latter has a much higher
               | prevalence of seriously-worse side-effects (long-haul,
               | ageusia, anosmia, death, etc) compared to the former.
        
               | technothrasher wrote:
               | My 15 yo son got Covid about three weeks ago, symptoms
               | matched what the parent poster described, including
               | feeling "wiped out". Oh wait, no he didn't. Testing all
               | came back negative. Diagnosis from his pediatrician:
               | common cold.
        
               | gilbetron wrote:
               | Ah, yeah, you're right. It was probably just the cold
               | that myself, my son, and my wife got after being exposed
               | to someone that had symptomatic, PCR tested Covid. I'm
               | sure it was just a coincidence that we then all three
               | tested positive for covid.
        
               | sanderjd wrote:
               | FWIW: To me, it sounded like an atypical cold or a
               | typical flu. I've been "wiped out" by colds before,
               | though rarely, and I'm always "wiped out" by flus, though
               | I catch them a lot less often than once a year.
        
             | atwebb wrote:
             | Whew, I'm similar and it tanked me for about a week. I
             | could feel every joint in my body and breathing was a
             | conscientious decision for a few days due to the
             | pain/discomfort. It has subsided a bit (and my family
             | wasn't hit as hard) but I have 0 interest in experiencing
             | it again. Currently hoping it doesn't impact me long term
             | since I like to stay active.
        
             | phonypc wrote:
             | Hmmm... mild symptoms after being vaccinated. It's almost
             | like the vaccine worked or something. How weird.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | JPKab wrote:
               | My brother had mild symptoms after being unvaccinated. So
               | did my kids. So did my neighbors whose kids play at my
               | house all the time.
               | 
               | So did the vast majority of South Africans who aren't
               | vaccinated.
               | 
               | I push the vaccine onto all my high-risk family members.
               | I recommend it to anybody as a tool to introduce your
               | immune system to the virus.
               | 
               | But let's be honest about this:
               | 
               | The vaccines in circulation were created to stop the
               | Alpha variant. The immune system response is too targeted
               | to antigens on the spike protein that are no longer
               | present in the newly evolved, vaccine escaping variants.
               | The vaccine is a useful tool for mitigating severe
               | disease, but it's an outdated vaccine for a variant that
               | no longer exists. Just like the a flu shot for the wrong
               | strain tends to have some positive benefit when you catch
               | a mismatched strain via some cross immunity, that's what
               | we get from this vaccine. And guess what? We get it from
               | infection induced immunity as well.
        
               | MrMan wrote:
               | an honest, but wrong, take in your final paragraph.
        
               | HNDen21 wrote:
               | I have 5 people in the house, 1 vaccinated, 4 not.. the
               | ones that were not had a 2 day fever... the one
               | vaccinated (me) had no fever but just a cough for 3-4
               | days. All in all just like a mild flu
        
               | twox2 wrote:
               | Anecdotal stories don't paint an accurate picture. I live
               | in NYC and had Covid xmas week. It was ROUGH. (I'm double
               | jabbed.) I also know unvaxxed people (0 shots) that just
               | had a little sniffle and bounced back in 2 days. I also
               | know of a seemingly healthy young lady that tested
               | positive and died 3 days later.
        
               | time_to_smile wrote:
               | > Anecdotal stories don't paint an accurate picture
               | 
               | You would have thought that after 800,000+ deaths in the
               | US people would have learned the importance of
               | understanding statistics when dealing with these issues,
               | especially on a place like HN, but pandemic has melted
               | people's brains and now people are arguing anecdotes
               | about what constitutes a "bad cold" and a "mild flu".
               | 
               | The funny part is that it doesn't really matter because
               | it's not like we get to collectively vote whether the
               | pandemic will end or not. It's pretty clear that, even
               | given how extremely contagious omicron is, people don't
               | care as much as the used to about a seasonal flu.
               | 
               | Even supposing covid sticks around and becomes "only" as
               | bad as the flu, 10 years ago if your said it was fine to
               | double the annual cases of flu and flu death people would
               | have said that was insane.
               | 
               | Sadly if people haven't learned to reason about these
               | problems correctly now, it means they very likely never
               | will.
        
               | brandonmenc wrote:
               | > 10 years ago if your said it was fine to double the
               | annual cases of flu and flu death people would have said
               | that was insane.
               | 
               | And if you told them that things like lockdowns and
               | vaccine mandates were still in effect at that point,
               | they'd say that was insane too.
        
               | time_to_smile wrote:
               | > vaccine mandates were still in effect at that point,
               | they'd say that was insane too.
               | 
               | No, that one is particularly weird right now. Vaccines
               | are essentially mandated for many parts of life, and have
               | been for my entire life. At multiple points throughout my
               | development I've had to get required vaccines to do
               | things. I had never even heard of antivaxxers until my
               | late 20s. They used to be laughed at as an insane fringe
               | group on HN.
               | 
               | Nobody in 2011 would have thought it was weird that
               | vaccines would be mandated. I suspect if I predicted on
               | HN that there would be strong resistance to a vaccine in
               | the event of a global pandemic people would have laughed
               | at me as ridiculous.
               | 
               | People don't like vaccines because they don't like the
               | reality we're in and they strangely think resisting
               | wearing masks and resisting vaccines somehow makes it
               | less real. Unfortunately it has made things much worse.
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | 4-5 months..... even against Delta that would've been
               | close to 50% efficacy. With Omicron probably non-
               | existent.
               | 
               | Also, see most of South Africa.
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | Plenty of unvaccinated (the vast majority, in fact) also
               | experience mild symptoms. It's almost like you've got an
               | unfalsifiable way to always say "it worked!"
        
               | cmrdporcupine wrote:
               | It's almost like hospitalization statistics might just
               | back this assertion up with actual irrefutable data.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | dwaltrip wrote:
               | For crying out loud... Go look up the frickin statistics.
               | The vaccines are very effective.
        
               | eli_gottlieb wrote:
               | Yeah we have this thing called a clinical trial. I
               | volunteered in it. Did you?
        
               | stormbrew wrote:
               | > Plenty of unvaccinated (the vast majority, in fact)
               | also experience mild symptoms.
               | 
               | This is true of essentially all diseases except some very
               | very rare exceptions that also tend to burn out very
               | quickly. That's just how disease spread works, mild cases
               | help the virus propagate. It's not like the virus is a
               | mustache twirling villain that wants to murder you, it
               | takes a fairly specific balance to obtain long term
               | survival.
               | 
               | > It's almost like you've got an unfalsifiable way to
               | always say "it worked!"
               | 
               | There's plenty of evidence to support the idea that "it
               | works", and actually quite a lot of evidence to
               | contradict the idea that "it doesn't work". Severe
               | outcomes are blatantly more common, per capita, in people
               | who are not vaccinated. The only way you get to any other
               | conclusion is if you just plain don't trust any evidence
               | presented, in which case there is literally nothing that
               | is falsifiable for you and you may as well believe
               | covid-19 is evil unicorns or something.
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | > Severe outcomes are blatantly more common, per capita,
               | in people who are not vaccinated.
               | 
               | With omicron? I have not seen any data to support that.
        
               | dahinds wrote:
               | https://www.webmd.com/lung/news/20220105/hospitalization-
               | omi...
               | 
               | "The data suggests that three doses of vaccine provided
               | an estimated 68% drop in the risk of being hospitalized
               | with Omicron compared with people who were unvaccinated."
        
               | stormbrew wrote:
               | I mean, it's pretty early to be drawing conclusions about
               | this with omicron. Especially since it hit right as
               | people in most of the vaccinated world were hitting 5-6mo
               | since their second shots. That doesn't mean it's
               | "unfalsifiable" it just means it hasn't been yet.
               | 
               | That said, I don't think the null hypothesis is suddenly
               | "vaccines do nothing" for some reason. It's clear enough
               | it _spreads_ more easily but that doesn 't suddenly
               | invalidate all prior assumptions about the vaccines'
               | effectiveness against severe outcomes.
               | 
               | Edit: I'm very happy to be proven wrong about this but I
               | feel like people should direct some of these replies more
               | to the person I was replying to? I'm not the one who
               | thinks vaccines do nothing here. :P
        
               | MrMan wrote:
               | its not early, omicron is declining already in places it
               | hit a few weeks ago
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | > I mean, it's pretty early to be drawing conclusions
               | about this with omicron.
               | 
               | No it's not. Late November was too early. In mid-December
               | we could start drawing conclusions. At this point things
               | are becoming quite clear - we see similar trends
               | everywhere, not just South Africa.
        
               | JPKab wrote:
               | It's only too early if, like our public health
               | authorities, you are too bigoted and self-important to
               | trust South African medical scientists because they
               | aren't from a mostly white country. That's my take on why
               | the CDC ignored their scientists, as did the media.
               | 
               | From the very beginning, the South African medical
               | authorities were screaming that this variant was
               | producing far fewer hospitalizations OVERALL (despite
               | higher case numbers) than the delta/alpha did.
               | 
               | But because they are a third world country, and the news
               | media in the West is biased towards bad news, they chose
               | to treat this positive data as suspect. It the SA
               | scientists had talked about how horrible it was, they
               | would have taken it as gospel.
               | 
               | Those of us who were looking at the data knew otherwise.
        
               | MrMan wrote:
               | agreed
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | Yet it is predominantly the unvaccinated who are
               | overwhelming hospitals with more severe cases. In NYC it
               | is something like 15x difference -- 30 per 100000
               | unvaccinated versus 2 per 100000 vaccinated people wind
               | up requiring hospital care. Those may be small numbers,
               | but with omicron clearly being both more contagious and
               | evading prior immunity it rapidly becomes problematic.
        
               | virgilp wrote:
               | Well you can look at this: https://cdn.substack.com/image
               | /fetch/w_1100,c_limit,f_auto,q...
               | 
               | (it's recent data, from NY, so - likely a lot of omicron)
        
               | jollybean wrote:
               | "Plenty of unvaccinated (the vast majority, in fact) also
               | experience mild symptoms. It's almost like you've got an
               | unfalsifiable way to always say "it worked!""
               | 
               | Yes, it's called 'Science'.
               | 
               | The vaccine absolutely helps to reduce symptoms,
               | hospitalizations and death, even 5 months in.
               | 
               | There are millions of Omicron cases around the world
               | measure up against various vaccinated and unvaccinated
               | populations.
        
               | beebmam wrote:
               | When you look at individuals, you'll never be able to
               | truly say any treatment "worked" with certainty for
               | virtually anything. It's same with nearly all medical
               | treatments. Humans, very often, get better on their own
               | with time, and time can't ever be rewinded to test the
               | alternative.
               | 
               | The way we know a medical treatment works is by looking
               | at large scale data, controlling for variables,
               | understanding mechanisms of action, and by approaching
               | this science in good faith and not cherry picking data to
               | fit one's own conclusions. There's a concept known as
               | "Number Needed to Treat" that is probably relevant to
               | your concerns here.
               | 
               | Vaccinations have historically been extremely effective
               | for many diseases, and COVID is no exception. It's
               | accurate to say (most) "COVID vaccines are highly
               | effective at preventing severe disease caused by the
               | SARS-CoV-2 viruses". Omicron is so new that it's hard to
               | be certain of anything regarding it right now, but we'll
               | have a better picture in a few weeks. I do know that
               | we're seeing many hospitals get overwhelmed across the US
               | currently, and many medical workers are out sick with a
               | COVID infection.
        
               | Buttons840 wrote:
               | I have some skeptical family members who like to talk
               | about 3rd party anecdotes. "A nurse told me she saw blah
               | blah blah happen". As you say, stories like this are not
               | a way to know a thing, but I can't get them to
               | understand.
               | 
               | It's like we rolled a die once, and it came up 6, and now
               | we're all forming our own special opinions on whether or
               | not the die is fair. We just can't know. Of course, if
               | someone rolled the dice 30,000 times and reported what
               | they found, that would be great (wink wink).
               | 
               | Instead of using Calc 1 as a filter course, we should use
               | Statistics instead.
        
               | potatoman22 wrote:
               | That's the point. It's often a mild cold for the
               | vaccinated
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | It's mild for non-vaccinated South Africans as well.
               | 
               | The same still applies as always: Vaccinate the risk
               | groups.
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | Yet the unvaccinated are still overwhelmingly more likely
               | to wind up requiring hospital care than the vaccinated.
        
               | ifyoubuildit wrote:
               | The seronaive are. The unvaccinated with a prior
               | infection are unlikely to require hospital care:
               | https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2108120
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | SA had very high numbers of previous infections, so there
               | was a ton of pre-existing immunity.
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | Which some would see as a partial argument against
               | lockdowns.
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | Comparing death rates in Australia, which actually did
               | pretty major lockdowns, to South Africa[1], I don't know
               | that this is a great argument against them. South Africa
               | definitely paid for that infection-based immunity in
               | human lives.
               | 
               | [1] https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/coronavirus-
               | data-explor...
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | Of course heavy and complete lockdowns are effective (at
               | delaying the spread of the virus) - if no one is in
               | contact with anyone else there's no way for the virus to
               | spread. A more apt comparison would be made between
               | countries/states with slight or "normal/average" lockdown
               | to ones without, but that's very difficult to do in
               | practice. And then measure the financial and societal
               | impacts (which is also difficult/impossible).
        
               | the_doctah wrote:
               | So if everyone gets Omicron, we will have a ton of pre-
               | existing immunity?
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | We already have a great deal of pre-existing immunity.
               | The big question we're answering right now is whether
               | vaccine-based immunity (which we have more of in AU, UK,
               | and the US) is as robust as immunity from infection (main
               | source of immunity in SA). It's still too early to say
               | with certainty, but it's looking like the vaccines are
               | working if you're not immunocompromised.
        
               | lovecg wrote:
               | Seems that we don't have much choice in the matter so we
               | will find out pretty soon. That wouldn't be the worst
               | outcome.
        
             | brutal_chaos_ wrote:
             | Granted this still needs peer review...but you may want to
             | look into this:
             | 
             | https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1139035/v1
             | 
             | I hope your recovery goes well and you truly have zero
             | issues.
        
               | swader999 wrote:
               | That's pretty terrifying.
        
               | rblatz wrote:
               | Eventually it's going to do what all other viruses have
               | done. Mutate into another flu or common cold. We already
               | have l seasonal coronavirus outbreaks. We call it cold
               | and flu season; except it's numerous coronaviruses and
               | influenza viruses and one or two "win" that year.
        
               | lovecg wrote:
               | Some part mutation, some part immunization so that future
               | infections are milder. In the absence of perfect
               | vaccination this involves killing millions of people.
               | Let's not forget about this.
        
               | gotoeleven wrote:
               | Remember all the articles claiming covid gave you brain
               | damage? What ever happened to that?
        
               | kadoban wrote:
               | There was some initial fear that anosmia might be related
               | to brain damage (since basically ruled out I believe).
               | 
               | One of the common long covid symptoms is "brain fog"
               | though. Which I _think_ is probably metabolic or
               | circulatory or something, but definitely affects the
               | brain whatever the actual cause is.
        
               | CharlesW wrote:
               | What happened is that we have a better understanding of
               | the _kind_ of brain damage it does, and _how_ it does it.
        
               | nicoburns wrote:
               | It's not a high percentage of cases. But there are
               | significant number of people reporting long-term issues
               | with brain fog post-covid. Whether that's actually caused
               | by a brain issue I don't know. But it certainly seems to
               | be able to effect your ability to think.
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | Not very hard to find the current, best understanding of
               | the phenomenon:
               | 
               | https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Current-Research/Coronavirus-
               | and-N...
        
               | gotoeleven wrote:
               | Compare the nih link above to the hysteria from here:
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27975514
        
               | PraetorianGourd wrote:
               | That also covers only previous, more virulent variants.
               | Omicron does not seem to infect areas outside of upper
               | respiratory so it is a tad overzealous to spread such
               | fear over a preprint of a different variant. It would be
               | like comparing a mild flu strain to H1N1 original.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | Keep up the fear-mongering... I'm healthy, I'm not
               | worried about that at all. Neither am I afraid of
               | drowning while boating.
        
             | jmspring wrote:
        
               | PraetorianGourd wrote:
               | You realize that in the United States, the so called
               | "freedumb idiots" are not the bulk of the unvaccinated
               | right? And you also must realize that Omicron did not
               | start among a population of "freedumb idiots" right?
               | 
               | Leave the straw man out of this, disease is not a
               | reflection of character.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | I encourage everyone eligible to protect themselves by
               | getting vaccinated, but the current thinking is that new
               | variants are most likely to evolve in immunocompromised
               | patients who experience prolonged infections. The
               | vaccines aren't very effective for them.
               | 
               | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/covid-
               | variants-ma...
               | 
               | It's also possible for new variants to evolve in animal
               | hosts, then spread back to humans.
               | 
               | https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/some-experts-suggest-
               | omi...
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | The vaccines would (probably) have been effective on
               | whoever gave the immunocompromised patient the disease,
               | though.
               | 
               | It's not all about the individual.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Unfortunately there will be no significant herd immunity
               | effect to protect the immunocompromised. They will all be
               | exposed.
               | 
               | The main benefit of vaccines is in reducing symptom
               | severity. They only produce a limited and temporary
               | reduction in transmission risk.
               | 
               | https://www.medpagetoday.com/opinion/vinay-prasad/94646
               | 
               | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02689-y
               | 
               | https://www.businessinsider.com/delta-variant-made-herd-
               | immu...
        
               | chana_masala wrote:
               | Vaccines can drive mutations, too. I don't know if that's
               | the case here but it's been seen with other pathogens and
               | vaccines
        
             | causality0 wrote:
             | I'm happy it's not a battle for you, but it is for my wife.
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | I'm sorry about your wife, hope she gets through it fine.
               | 
               | It's mainly that you provided a personal anecdote in one
               | direction and I found it prudent to provide one in the
               | other direction - one that echoes everything we've seen
               | so far, cases skyrocketing, hospitalization rates barely
               | nudging.
        
               | hedgehog wrote:
               | Motivated anecdotes aren't prudent or useful. We know
               | from the 2ish years of this we've had so far that the
               | dynamics are tricky to pick apart. For example when young
               | low-risk people are out at bars (very high exposure) and
               | older or higher risk people stay home what happens is the
               | hospitalizations lag because it takes some time for the
               | first group to get sick, infect the second, and then some
               | of those people to go on to the hospital. On the other
               | hand older people are much more vaccinated so the
               | relative risk between the groups will likely be different
               | from previous waves.
               | 
               | That aside, hospitalizations are going up faster than
               | they have at any point prior so not sure where your
               | "barely nudging" comes from.
        
               | JPKab wrote:
               | I hope your wife is ok. Unfortunately, infection with
               | Omicron is inevitable and not preventable, without living
               | in a bubble. It's too infectious, and the vaccine, unlike
               | with previous variants, does basically nothing to stop
               | transmission. Combine that with an R0 equivalent to
               | measles, and avoiding infection was never possible. She
               | probably took every precaution she could reasonably take,
               | and still got infected. That was my experience as well.
               | 
               | Statistically, people who are healthy and vaxxed
               | developing severe symptoms from Omicron are outliers.
               | That is no comfort to you, and I can assure you I know
               | how you feel on that front when people like me tell you
               | the stats. My mother-in-law suffered a very rare
               | (statistically) adverse event from her second Pfizer shot
               | in May, which killed her. She was in her early 60s, and
               | healthy, but suffered cardiac arrest 3 hours after her
               | second shot, in the midst of a fever. It was an
               | exceedingly rare event, but it was no comfort to us to be
               | told that.
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | > (4-5 months after 2nd jab, so pretty much no effect from
             | that) and it's just like a common cold
             | 
             | So you have milder symptoms because you're vaxxed.
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | I'll let you know how I feel when I get it "unvaxxed" the
               | next time, since I decided months ago already against
               | getting a booster.
               | 
               | It also sounds like you're not aware of a) the vaning
               | efficacy of the vaccine or b) how little it does against
               | Omicron.
        
           | JPKab wrote:
           | Coloradan here:
           | 
           | I have Omicron. Already caught the virus in February 2021,
           | good old OG Alpha Covid, which resulted in mild symptoms and
           | loss of sense of smell for 7 months.
           | 
           | My only symptom is a mild runny nose, nothing else. I WISH I
           | had colds this mild. We have a new virus that is endemic in
           | humanity. We can choose to accept it, protect the vulnerable
           | like we do with flu, and get on with our lives. Or we can
           | continue to allow the news media to enervate us with non-stop
           | panic, and choose existing over living, while fucking over
           | kids to protect older adults.
           | 
           | My father is a rabid viewer of MSNBC, lacks mathematical or
           | critical thinking skills, and doesn't read much. The result
           | is he has been in a constant panic since the virus hit, and
           | has isolated himself from family in a manner that has been
           | detrimental to his health. This despite being vaxxed,
           | boosted, and recovered from a mild post vax delta
           | breakthrough infection. He still thinks the virus can kill
           | him, and cancelled Christmas Eve plans for 5 of us to go to
           | his house. The media has polluted his brain with irrational
           | fear. His shitty physician (where I grew up is a dirt poor
           | rural county, and the MDs there are the dumbest i've ever
           | met) told him that "there is no natural immunity to COVID, it
           | doesn't exist." Utter nonsense. As if my immune system (I
           | wasn't eligible for the vaccine in Feb 21) fought, then
           | cleared the virus from my body with some mysterious,
           | unidentifiable mechanism that is completely unrelated to how
           | it clears other viruses.... just unbelievable.
           | 
           | The virus was deadly because it was novel. It ceases to be
           | novel when your immune system acquires memory T-cells, even
           | if you no longer have active antibodies present. If you are
           | old enough, or have a deteriorated immune system, the lag of
           | producing new antibodies can be very problematic with the
           | other strains of COVID, which is why boosters are so crucial
           | for high-risk groups.
           | 
           | The data is now this:
           | 
           | People in their 70s who are VACCINATED have a lower death
           | rate from Omicron than they do from flu. (If they aren't
           | vaxxed, this is obviously not the case.)
           | 
           | See the New York Times, which is a very hawkish paper on
           | COVID, for that specific stat:
           | 
           | https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/05/briefing/omicron-risk-
           | mil...
           | 
           | FWIW, David Leonhart is one of the only journalists at the
           | NYT who seems to be remotely literate in data and statistics
           | writing about COVID. That newsroom is essentially filled with
           | people who haven't studied math since high school, despite
           | their degrees from Columbia/Yale/Harvard journalism schools.
           | And boy does it show.
        
           | polski-g wrote:
           | You can also catch the cold over and over.
           | 
           | 1 or 2 colds a year is pretty typical.
        
             | antidaily wrote:
             | Or crabs. Not me, a buddy of mine.
        
             | causality0 wrote:
             | Covid has a death rate hundreds of times higher than a
             | cold. Colds don't make healthy women in their twenties stay
             | up all night coughing so hard their oxygen dips into the
             | 80s. Colds don't cause lung, heart, and cognitive damage
             | that is potentially cumulative.
             | 
             | If covid brain fog compounds over time there will be some
             | serious damn consequences.
        
               | pikma wrote:
               | Actually my wife had a bad cold this summer and she
               | coughed so hard during the night that we had to take her
               | to the ER and she was lacking oxygen (not sure by how
               | much). She is otherwise healthy in her early 30s, though
               | she was pregnant, which might have made it worse. It
               | surprised me, I always thought that colds were harmless.
        
               | UncleOxidant wrote:
               | > though she was pregnant, which might have made it
               | worse.
               | 
               | Being pregnant does dampen the immune system.
        
               | Enginerrrd wrote:
               | Yeah, they're really not. I was a paramedic about 10
               | years ago. Every winter I'd see colds or influenza kill
               | people. (Or at least, initiate convalescence and
               | subsequent rapid death from related issues within a few
               | weeks.) Always though, those were people who were either
               | very old or had COPD (a lung disease). It's a common way
               | that people go out actually. A cold leads to
               | weakness/stress leads to pneuomonia/UTI's/sepsis and then
               | death.
        
               | smt88 wrote:
               | Colds kill thousands of people every year and some may
               | have lifelong effects, such as neurological impairment or
               | heart damage.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | The death rate isn't the same for your 1st case of covid
               | and your nth case.
        
               | Consultant32452 wrote:
               | Is there even a single confirmed death from Omicron yet?
               | I've heard of a couple but they turned out to be fake.
               | 
               | This is a highly dynamic situation. Omicron is not alpha
               | or even delta.
        
               | EA wrote:
               | An unvaccinated man with underlying health conditions
               | died in Texas mid December after testing positive for the
               | COVID-19 omicron variant, officials in Houston said,
               | marking what is believed to be the first death linked to
               | the strain in the U.S.
               | 
               | https://www.webmd.com/vaccines/covid-19-vaccine/news/2021
               | 122...
        
               | Consultant32452 wrote:
               | Your article perfectly illustrates my point. It says
               | Omicron is 3/4 of the cases and that this one person
               | MIGHT have died from it, but it's unclear and may be due
               | to his other health conditions.
               | 
               | Let's just assume it was Omicron that killed this guy.
               | All signs point to Omicron being less deadly than the
               | common cold.
        
               | ricardobayes wrote:
               | There are yes. On another note "28-day average case
               | fatality rate in South Africa, the likely origin of the
               | Omicron variant, tumbled in the past six weeks from 8% to
               | 0.2%" from WSJ https://www.wsj.com/articles/omicron-
               | variant-may-end-up-savi...
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | But are most of those issues with naive subjects? Once
               | everybody is vaccinated or has had it once, the extreme
               | reactions should drop way off.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | The common cold is not one disease. There are hundreds of
             | different viruses which all cause similar cold symptoms,
             | including four other coronaviruses.
             | 
             | https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/cold-
             | guide/common_cold_ca...
        
           | makeworld wrote:
           | Yep, especially Omicron.
           | 
           | > This is the first evidence to show us that the rate of
           | reinfection with Omicron is high--3 times higher than Delta.
           | In other words, infection-induced immunity is not doing a
           | great job at stopping Omicron.
           | 
           | https://yourlocalepidemiologist.substack.com/p/omicron-
           | updat...
        
           | everybodyknows wrote:
           | Do you know what was the test that distinguished omicron from
           | delta? Asking because my local county health department seems
           | lacking in that technology.
        
           | hanoz wrote:
           | Are the unvaccinated catching it over and over again? That
           | seems to me a vanishingly rare occurrence, admittedly within
           | a rapidly shrinking set of people. It would be interesting to
           | get some figures for this, hopefully without being lynched
           | for asking the question.
        
             | verdverm wrote:
             | From what I understand, Covid is endemic and we should
             | expect new seasonal variations each year like the flu and
             | common cold
        
             | ajsnigrutin wrote:
             | There were many stats, showing most of people with omicron
             | being vaccinated (above the vaccination rate). I never
             | found the methodology behind it, because if they only
             | tested travellers to eg. africa for omicron, then sure,
             | probably all of them were vaccinated, if they did
             | randomized testings, they you'd expect at worst (vaccines
             | don't work) the same percentage un/vaccinated as in the
             | general population, or at best, vastly more unvaccinated
             | infected.
             | 
             | > hopefully without being lynched for asking the question
             | 
             | Somehow this is a sad reality of social media and the
             | current 'situation'... asking anything is seen as
             | "provocative", and there are many things happening that
             | would require more rigid questioning and better answers.
        
             | jonpalmisc wrote:
             | Personal anecdote, sample size of 1: I know an unvaccinated
             | person who has had it 3 times. Not immunocompromised,
             | otherwise healthy.
        
               | hanoz wrote:
               | _> sample size of 1_
               | 
               | The only unvaccinated person you know who has had it, has
               | had it three times?
        
               | beamatronic wrote:
               | Were they at least 6-9 months apart, or closer to a year?
        
               | jonpalmisc wrote:
               | First two infections were closer to 3-4 months IIRC,
               | third was probably ~6 months.
        
               | lovecg wrote:
               | How did the severity compare across the three cases if
               | you know?
        
             | miriam_catira wrote:
             | Another small sample size for you: I know one family that's
             | not vaccinated - both children are too young either way.
             | Both parents and older child have caught it twice, about a
             | year apart. Youngest is still nursing, and has not caught
             | it. Dad and son are fine, but the Mom has an "annoying
             | lingering cough" as she put it. But both times it wasn't
             | worse than the flu for any of them, so in their case they
             | see it as "we got lucky" but no one has any underlying
             | conditions that would have caused complications.
        
           | scrubs wrote:
           | Correct. I know several people who are vaccinated yet caught
           | Covid twice. The principle thing to keep in mind,
           | 
           | - vaccination is a risk reducer on severity of infection.
           | Nobody said immunity; nobody said prevention.
           | 
           | - and on that point not getting into the hospital is
           | important. From a management standpoint, we've got to insure
           | demand for hospital resources does not dwarf those same
           | resources. That's _the key management function_ here.
        
             | simonsarris wrote:
             | > Nobody said immunity; nobody said prevention.
             | 
             | What on earth? Yes they did, all along.
             | 
             | December 2020:
             | 
             | > Fauci Predicts U.S. Could See Signs Of Herd Immunity By
             | Late March Or Early April
             | 
             | https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-
             | updates/2020/1...
             | 
             | > "I would say 50% would have to get vaccinated before you
             | start to see an impact," Fauci said. "But I would say 75 to
             | 85% would have to get vaccinated if you want to have that
             | blanket of herd immunity."
             | 
             | Talking about herd _immunity_ is definitely saying
             | immunity, and doesn 't make sense unless the vaccine
             | prevented transmission.
             | 
             | Then, May 2021:
             | 
             | > Masks off? Fauci confirms 'extremely low' risk of
             | transmission, infection for vaccinated
             | 
             | https://www.msnbc.com/all-in/watch/dr-fauci-confirms-
             | extreme...
        
               | scrubs wrote:
               | Yah, ok, I blew it. Vaccinations will trend towards
               | immunity.
        
               | passivate wrote:
               | Almost all Covid related predictions have been incorrect,
               | and the ones that seem correct, are only so at the
               | surface level and require mental gymnastics. The
               | pathology of the disease simply isn't well understood at
               | this point, and the new mutations make it a moving
               | target. I don't personally like Fauci, but he is a victim
               | of being conscripted as the Chief Covid Prognosticator by
               | the media. It's a fundamental misunderstanding of science
               | to believe a person can give guarantees on an emerging
               | pathogen like that.
        
               | drusepth wrote:
               | To be fair, nowhere in the US (that I'm aware of) is
               | close to the % population vaccinated numbers necessary
               | for a semblance herd immunity. According to the CDC, only
               | 62% of the US is fully vaccinated, with only 35% of those
               | also having had a booster.
        
               | tunesmith wrote:
               | Different variants mean different efficacy for vaccines,
               | particularly regarding infection. The existing vaccines
               | could very well have led to "signs of herd immunity" had
               | the variants not taken hold.
        
               | conradfr wrote:
               | It's amazing how we can rewrite history so fast. The
               | number of times I see on Twitter people from different
               | countries saying the same things, first it was "nobody
               | ever said this vaccine will be 90% efficient against
               | getting covid", then "nobody ever said the vaccine reduce
               | transmission", and now it's "the vaccines have always be
               | only to reduce ICU stays".
               | 
               | (I am vaccinated btw)
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | It's more like people are realizing what the original
               | claims from Nov 2020 were instead of blindly trusting
               | politicians. Pfizer and Moderna _only_ checked for
               | symptomatic covid in those trials and never made claims
               | about infection /transmission. That was all assumptions
               | people were making over 2021.
        
               | javagram wrote:
               | back in early 2021 I remember the media, especially the
               | "MSM," warning that the vaccines weren't guaranteed to
               | prevent transmission, and commentators arguing that the
               | media were scaremongering and we should be secure in
               | feeling the vaccines do prevent all infection and
               | transmission. E.g.
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/23/opinion/covid-
               | vaccines-tr... "Many scientists are reluctant to say with
               | certainty that the vaccines prevent transmission of the
               | virus from one person to another. [. . .] There should be
               | more data within the next couple of months. Until then,
               | precautionary measures like masking and distancing in the
               | presence of unvaccinated people will remain important."
               | 
               | FWIW, it seems like those commentators who were actually
               | right until Delta emerged. Looking at graph of Covid
               | cases in the USA for example we were on track to low case
               | levels until July, then the Delta variant began to break
               | through in vaccinated individuals and the epidemic grew
               | in size again.
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | > Looking at graph of Covid cases in the USA for example
               | we were on track to low case levels until July
               | 
               | Gotta compare 2021 to the the curves from 2020 though:
               | It's the same shape with different magnitude. Looks more
               | like that drop in the spring and early summer was more
               | because it's seasonal than anything else, which we
               | misattributed to the vaccines.
        
           | deeviant wrote:
           | The epidemic ends when the unusually high threat of serious
           | illness or death ends, though, right?
           | 
           | If we get to the point where people aren't dying of covid at
           | a significantly higher rate as any of the other "usual
           | suspects", does that not mean it's over? It looks like
           | between the vaccinated and just about everybody else that is
           | about to or already has gotten covid, we're must may arrive
           | at the point where covid is a just another thing on the list
           | of seasons ailments.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | But even after mutations, the next time you catch it,
           | symptoms will likely be a lot less severe than the first. At
           | that point, we can stop tracking it and write it off as a
           | variant of the common cold.
        
           | jaywalk wrote:
           | You say "over and over" but Omicron is the first variant that
           | actually evades immunity (both natural and vaccine-induced)
           | in a meaningful way. What we don't know is the level of
           | immunity that an Omicron infection will provide. It could
           | actually confer immunity to both itself and previous
           | variants, which _would_ effectively end the pandemic.
        
             | twic wrote:
             | I think everyone in this thread is applying a binary model
             | of immunity - either you are immune or you aren't, either a
             | variant escapes or it doesn't.
             | 
             | But immunity is analogue. A strong, specific, antibody
             | response can prevent infection. A T-cell response can stop
             | infection turning into severe illness and death. Variants
             | can evade antibodies somewhat easily, but find it much
             | harder to evade T-cells. Antibody levels wane in weeks or
             | months (although memory B-cells remain), T-cells remain
             | active for years or decades.
             | 
             | If you had COVID last winter, then there would be a good
             | chance of you getting it again this winter, even if it was
             | the exact same strain. But you'd be much less likely to die
             | of it.
             | 
             | So when does the pandemic "end"? What is a "pandemic"? If
             | tens of percent of the population are catching every
             | winter, but few are dying, is that still a pandemic?
        
               | empressplay wrote:
               | Nope, then it's endemic
        
             | cduzz wrote:
             | If something's a one a million event, happening billions of
             | times per day, it'll happen pretty much constantly.
             | 
             | This one, omicron, seems to mostly infect nasal passages
             | and upper respiratory tract. The next, maybe after spending
             | 2 years spreading across all the weasels of upper
             | winchester county, may affect the lungs again.
             | 
             | This is a lottery that's less fun to play...
             | 
             | (edited for clarity)
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | Yeah, sure. Who knows what viruses could be spreading and
               | mutating amongst those weasels. It's not like SARS-CoV-2
               | is the first, and it won't be the last. But when you say
               | 
               | > This is a lottery that's less fun to play
               | 
               | How exactly do you propose not playing? Lockdowns, social
               | distancing, masking, etc. for life? We're eventually
               | going to have to start treating Covid the same as we've
               | always treated "the flu" and it definitely appears that
               | once Omicron has run through the population, we'll have
               | reached the time to do that.
        
               | lovecg wrote:
               | Banning certain high risk/low reward research would be a
               | start.
        
               | cduzz wrote:
               | I believe the idiom is "the horse left the barn"
               | 
               | There are a number of things going on in the world that
               | fall into the "really bad" category of both thing and
               | trend of thing.
               | 
               | There's space in between bland acceptance and
               | incapacitating terror. At the very least have an honest,
               | clear eyed view of where the risk bars are going, and it
               | isn't in a good direction.
        
               | time_to_smile wrote:
               | > Lockdowns, social distancing, masking, etc. for life?
               | 
               | If you can't handle these things as a part of your life
               | you're really not going to like what climate change
               | brings to the relatively near future.
               | 
               | But you don't have to worry about arguing in forums,
               | you've already won. Nobody respects lockdown, and never
               | really did, even at the highest rate of infections I see
               | people wearing masks beneath their noses, crammed next to
               | people in airports. After omicron I can't imagine anyone
               | caring at all even if we double our current death count.
               | 
               | Covid is here, it will stick around forever, it will
               | probably be notably worse than the flu for years to come.
               | But in a few more years that will seem like a quaint
               | thing to worry about.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | > Lockdowns, social distancing, masking, etc. for life?
               | 
               | Very few places did lockdowns at any point so I wouldn't
               | expect that to start now, butthe ones which did were
               | successful in breaking spread. It doesn't need to be
               | continuous, but it's clearly effective for preventing
               | huge spikes.
               | 
               | Similarly, we'd save lives and billions of dollars if we
               | established the same social norms which some Asian
               | countries have about wearing masks when you're
               | symptomatic. It doesn't need anything like 100%
               | compliance or time to be useful - we appear to have lost
               | an entire strain of influenza this way.
        
               | henrikschroder wrote:
               | > Very few places did lockdowns at any point
               | 
               | This is some grade-a gaslighting, plenty of countries had
               | long brutal lockdowns where no-one was allowed outside
               | unless it was "essential".
               | 
               | > butthe ones which did were successful in breaking
               | spread.
               | 
               | No. Many of those places had worse outcomes than places
               | that _didn 't_ do any sort of lockdown.
               | 
               | (When I say lockdown I mean stay-at-home orders. Do you
               | have a different definition?)
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Actually prior infection by previous variants appear to
             | still provide a significant level of cellular immunity
             | against Omicron. There will always be some rare outliers
             | who have a rough time but most reinfection cases will
             | experience milder symptoms because their immune systems are
             | already primed to respond.
             | 
             | https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.06.471446v1
        
           | pier25 wrote:
           | > Fully vaccinated and boosted three weeks ago, caught it
           | anyway.
           | 
           | Vaccines do not prevent contagion but reduce the chances of
           | severe symptoms.
           | 
           | Also AFAIK vaccines do not lower transmission either.
        
             | pavon wrote:
             | In general, vaccines do lower transmission, by decreasing
             | the viral load and duration of infection. Of course when
             | you are dealing with a mutation that the vaccine has low
             | effectiveness against, that is all out the window.
        
               | EA wrote:
               | The vaccine also reduces the symptoms of the virus and so
               | a carrier of the virus may seem well but actually
               | transfer the virus to someone else as they are less
               | likely to quarantine if they are not tested or showing
               | symptoms.
               | 
               | The vaccine also gives one a sense of protection from
               | infection and so they are more likely to attend mass
               | gatherings. where the virus can be transferred.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | If a vaccine reduces your cough/oozing orifice severity,
             | wouldn't that reduce transmission?
        
               | gopalv wrote:
               | > wouldn't that reduce transmission?
               | 
               | Lowered symptoms on droplets would be better, but a lot
               | of in-person workplaces have a "do you have a fever?"
               | check before they issue you any sick leave.
               | 
               | Not having a fever and looking like a mild cold in winter
               | would cause at least my cousin's employer to ask her to
               | come in and wear a mask at work (manufacturing, so she
               | wears a P100 respirator anyway).
        
               | pier25 wrote:
               | Technically yes, but see this comment:
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29826355
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | Exactly, and that comment is why mask usage in public is
               | still important. The two-pronged approach of masking and
               | vaccination was always going to be our best way out of
               | this, and nothing about Omicron fundamentally changes
               | that.
               | 
               | Try not to get sick. If you do get sick, don't spread it.
               | If you do spread it, try to spread less of it. Defense in
               | depth.
        
               | lovecg wrote:
               | This is the "not wearing a bike helmet will make car
               | drivers around you more careful" level argument. Let's
               | see some hard data please.
        
               | pier25 wrote:
               | Obviously it's way too early to have hard data on this
               | matter.
               | 
               | But the WHO has been warning about this for months.
               | 
               | > _We cannot say this clearly enough: even if you are
               | vaccinated, continue to take precautions to prevent
               | becoming infected yourself, and to infecting someone else
               | who could die._
               | 
               | > _In many countries and communities, we are concerned
               | about a false sense of security that vaccines have ended
               | the pandemic, and that people who are vaccinated do not
               | need to take any other precautions._
               | 
               | https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-
               | dir...
        
           | UncleOxidant wrote:
           | "battling Omicron"
           | 
           | Can you give us some indication of how severe your symptoms
           | are? Mostly we're hearing that if you've been vaccinated
           | and/or you've had covid in the past that omicron is
           | relatively mild.
        
             | causality0 wrote:
             | Muscle aches, chest pain, headache, and severe coughing
             | fits that won't let her sleep and scare me when I hear them
             | from the other room. After being awake for two days and one
             | of them dropping her blood oxygen to 87 I made her go to
             | the emergency room where they gave her prescription cough
             | medicine that finally let her sleep.
             | 
             | Omicron is less dangerous than Delta. It's still dangerous.
        
               | tluyben2 wrote:
               | Sorry to hear about your troubles. Everyone is shouting
               | in the media (including here) Omicron is upper tract
               | instead of lower so I had hoped you wouldn't get oxygen
               | drops that low or lung related chest pains. Maybe I
               | misunderstood what these things mean although some
               | renowned newspapers here explained it like that.
        
               | rajup wrote:
               | Wait 87 SpO2?! I'm pretty sure that's the point at which
               | you would be on a ventilator? Not sure what sleep has to
               | do with SpO2 and it seems criminally negligent for the
               | emergency room to just send your wife off with just a
               | cough medicine..
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | An SpO2 of 92% or lower is considered severe. In most
               | cases the patient should be hospitalized.
               | 
               | https://www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n677
        
           | CoastalCoder wrote:
           | Do we know if a previous _omicron_ infection helps confer
           | immunity to future omicron infections?
        
             | spurgu wrote:
             | If past history is any indicator, then yes.
        
             | Enginerrrd wrote:
             | We can't know that because it hasn't been around long
             | enough. But as far as taking a bayesian prior, I'd start by
             | assuming yes except in rare cases and correct your model as
             | evidence comes in.
             | 
             | I'd guess that because, for the most part, that's how the
             | previous variants behaved. Relatively robust immunity, with
             | subsequent infections generally being rare and more mild.
             | Since Omicron has a lot of mutations on the spike protein
             | which is the primary antibody target, it has greater immune
             | escape potential because the antibodies don't fit as well.
        
             | everybodyknows wrote:
             | > ... preliminary evidence WHO based their recommendation
             | on earlier this week: People who have previously had
             | COVID-19 could become reinfected more easily with Omicron.
             | 
             | https://yourlocalepidemiologist.substack.com/p/omicron-
             | updat...
        
           | ricardobayes wrote:
           | I will say beforehand that I'm heavily pro-vaccination and
           | reducing risks regarding covid. Do we know at this point what
           | are the hospitalization rates of omicron compared to the flu?
           | p.s. I hope your wife gets better soon.
        
             | causality0 wrote:
             | Numbers are still changing but the current stat is one
             | percent hospitalization rate for Omicron. This year's flu
             | has a hospitalization rate almost twice as high as last
             | year's, at 1.4 in 100,000 or 0.0014%.
        
               | ricardobayes wrote:
               | Is that vaccinated in both cases or overall?
        
               | causality0 wrote:
               | Overall for the infected regardless of vaccine status.
        
               | devin wrote:
               | And Delta was something like 6% IIRC?
        
               | virgilp wrote:
               | This can't be right.
               | 
               | > For the week ending Dec. 18, 1,265 lab-confirmed flu
               | patients were hospitalized, up from the week prior. The
               | cumulative hospitalization rate was 1.4 per 100,000
               | population as of Dec. 18, nearly double the overall
               | cumulative hospitalization rate reported during the
               | 2020-21 season. 3
               | 
               | I think you're comparing hospitalization rate per
               | population vs. hospitalization per infected persons. If
               | we look at the recent data and do some estimation, that's
               | about 50k new hospitalzed for 3M new omicron cases, which
               | is 0.016 or 10 times the flu; this sounds more
               | reasonable.
        
         | rixrax wrote:
         | I guess it depends on a few things:
         | 
         | - how long the immunity gained from having recovered from
         | Omicron lasts
         | 
         | - how well that immunity protects against other current (and
         | future) variants of covid
         | 
         | - what kind of new strains of covid appears in next several
         | months / years that may replace Omicron
         | 
         | - how many people we are able to get vaccinated globally
         | 
         | - advances in new and better vaccines becoming available
         | (complete with antiviral pills etc)
         | 
         | And probably quite a few other factors that weren't on top of
         | my layman head...
        
           | spurgu wrote:
           | Also:
           | 
           | - how much/long the media keeps the fear drum pounding
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BI5E8z89c9U
        
             | amanaplanacanal wrote:
             | Media fear drum has no effect on whether my local hospital
             | is overwhelmed. Everybody can make their own decisions, as
             | long as hospitals are good.
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | > Everybody can make their own decisions, as long as
               | hospitals are good.
               | 
               | Wait. "Everyone can make their own decisions"? And those
               | decisions are completely rational, not affected at all by
               | what the media is saying? I would argue the complete
               | opposite.
               | 
               | Why are you trying to bend the argument into hospital
               | capacity? Is your argument that if hospital capacity is
               | under threat then it's ok for the media and government to
               | lie and instill baseless fear into people, solely as a
               | means of a) scaring them into staying at home (to
               | minimize the spread of the virus) and b) to demonize
               | unvaccinated people?
               | 
               | One would think that transparency and honesty would work
               | better than bullshitting people.
        
               | supperburg wrote:
               | Yeah and nobody mentions that our hospitals were already
               | stretched to their limit before Covid because they are
               | for-profit corporations. They should have had capacity
               | for a pandemic because everyone knew there would be one.
               | It's poor planning, not Covid. They will add capacity and
               | then what will your argument be?
        
               | jatone wrote:
               | you can't add capacity to a system that requires highly
               | trained specialists on a dime. hospital capacity is very
               | much limited by how much it is used on a day to day
               | basis, regardless of pandemic status.
               | 
               | what you suggest simply will never be an effective
               | strategy.
        
               | slickrick216 wrote:
               | Everyone should be able to make their own decisions
               | anyway. Hospitals are some arbitrator of decision making
               | and hosptial admission due to covid is collapsing. Stop
               | fear mongering this isn't Facebook.
        
             | gromitss wrote:
        
         | isaacremuant wrote:
         | It's not the end if governments keep playing covid theater
         | games.
         | 
         | In Europe they definitely will with increased surveillance and
         | digital IDs that have proven to do nothing to stop covid (as
         | initially portrayed), but that won't stop govs from pushing
         | them onwards and dehumanising any group who doesn't want to
         | comply with their coercive measures.
         | 
         | It's an interesting time for people who really value freedom
         | and human rights.
        
         | steelstraw wrote:
         | It's been over ever since the vaccines became widely available.
         | After vaccination many of us went back to normal and haven't
         | looked back. Huge bureaucracies just take a long time to change
         | course and some simply refuse to recognize that it's endemic
         | for whatever reasons.
        
           | neogodless wrote:
           | > A pandemic is an epidemic of an infectious disease that has
           | spread across a large region, for instance multiple
           | continents or worldwide, affecting a substantial number of
           | individuals.
           | 
           | > An epidemic is the rapid spread of disease to a large
           | number of people in a given population within a short period
           | of time
           | 
           | In no way has "rapid spread of infection disease across
           | multiple continents" ended. The past few weeks should make
           | that a bit more clear. Being vaccinated reduces the negative
           | effects of infection, and may also reduce infectiousness and
           | spread, but it didn't end the pandemic.
        
             | ajsnigrutin wrote:
             | But does it matter? If omicron becomes the "new flu" (or
             | "the new cold") for the young and healthy, and with
             | vaccines even for old and weak, do we have to call it a
             | "pandemic" anymore?
             | 
             | I mean... did we have a "cold pandemic" or a "flu pandemic"
             | before 2020? I'm pretty sure most of the planet had a cold
             | every winter, and we just lived with it. Same with the
             | flu... risk-groups died, and noone bothered the young with
             | it, we just called it "normal life".
        
               | neogodless wrote:
               | > In epidemiology, an infection is said to be endemic in
               | a population when that infection is constantly maintained
               | at a baseline level in a geographic area without external
               | inputs.
               | 
               | > A widespread endemic disease with a stable number of
               | infected individuals is not a pandemic.
               | 
               | The cold and flu are "stable" albeit seasonal. While we
               | might expect that outcome for variations of the SARS-
               | CoV-2 virus, we're not there yet. A rapidly exploding
               | number of infections is not a stable number of infected
               | individuals.
               | 
               | At any rate, some people getting vaccinated and choosing
               | to live as if the infections do not exist does not "end
               | the pandemic."
        
           | wallacoloo wrote:
           | it's nice to believe, but a lot of our ability to return to
           | normal requires these bureaucracies to be on board. it
           | doesn't matter that you individually are comfortable sending
           | your kid to school, that school's not going to be open if the
           | consensus and bureaucracies are against you.
           | 
           | somehow we failed to coordinate the back-to-normal in my
           | region when the vaccines arrived. this seems like the next
           | best opportunity to admit that we're ready to lift
           | restrictions, so here's hoping we can keep the majority on
           | board this time.
        
         | mattmaroon wrote:
         | I don't know. Anecdotal but I know a lot of people who had
         | prior strains (many even vaccinated) who have gotten it. The
         | numbers are so high that natural immunity from previous
         | strains/vaccines seems to be very low.
         | 
         | If delta or OG Covid didn't do much about omicron, I don't
         | think we can assume omicron will do much about some future
         | variant.
        
         | throw8932894 wrote:
         | I read article from Israel. It wrote: "severe covid cases are
         | low, but flu season just started". Pandemic will finish at
         | spring, and hopefully will not start next winter.
        
           | ajsnigrutin wrote:
           | Of course it'll start again the next winter... as will the
           | cold season and flu season.
           | 
           | The only question here is, will there be lockdowns, mandates,
           | masks and vaccine passports, or will we finally give up,
           | focus on the risk groups, and let the young and healthy live
           | their normal lives.
        
             | amanaplanacanal wrote:
             | Depends on hospitals. If the health care system starts
             | getting overwhelmed, expect restrictions. If not, then
             | probably not.
        
         | ipspam wrote:
        
           | nickysielicki wrote:
           | I'm no fan of Biden but let's be clear that this transcends
           | administrations. Trump put Fauci on TV every day, Trump
           | granted billions to big pharma. Just like Biden takes the
           | fall for dumb wars started by Bush and Obama, he'll take the
           | fall for Trumps dumb fight against COVID.
           | 
           | The problem is that we have institutions like the Fed and the
           | CDC and WHO that have been proven completely incompetent when
           | power is deferred to them. They panicked and now we pay the
           | price.
        
             | passivate wrote:
             | >the Fed and the CDC and WHO that have been proven
             | completely incompetent when power is deferred to them.
             | 
             | I'm curious what criteria you used to make that assessment?
             | Also, I don't know what you mean by "power" being deferred
             | to them. What extra power was given?
        
           | throw10920 wrote:
           | You might make some valid points, but it's really hard to see
           | them when you don't cite sources, and when you deliberately
           | use inflammatory language like "cronies" - and that's against
           | the spirit of HN anyway.
        
           | tasty_freeze wrote:
           | I assume you are referring to the "There is no federal
           | solution to covid" quote. But it was in the context of
           | talking to state governors and Biden saying a federal plan
           | wasn't being forced on them -- that the primary work is done
           | at the state level and the federal level is there to support
           | it.
           | 
           | https://api.politifact.com/factchecks/2022/jan/05/save-
           | ameri...
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Apparently in October 2020 Joe Biden believed that there
             | was a federal solution to COVID. What has changed since
             | then?
             | 
             | "We're eight months into this pandemic, and Donald Trump
             | still doesn't have a plan to get this virus under control.
             | 
             | I do."
             | 
             | https://twitter.com/JoeBiden/status/1316894374500962305
        
               | tasty_freeze wrote:
               | I can't speak for him, and obviously tweets are short
               | enough they can't contain it either. But apparently the
               | plan was (a) to use federal funds and manpower to get
               | vaccines spread as widely as possible. There was an early
               | goals of 100M doses in the first 100 days, which was met,
               | and another goal was set and met [1]. Another factor was
               | sending the message: this isn't a "Democrat hoax", that
               | it is real, is killing people, the vaccines are safe and
               | certainly much safer than getting covid. I say that has
               | been accomplished.
               | 
               | On the other hand, there is a large contingent of people
               | and talking heads who have tried their hardest to spread
               | fear and misinformation. We are still at something like
               | 60% inoculated, and many doses of the vaccine ended up
               | going bad or were shipped overseas because not enough
               | people trust the vaccine.
               | 
               | Third, there is no way to prevent novel variants from
               | causing new problems, other than getting the old variants
               | under control to reduce the vast pool of variant
               | breeders.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.bbc.com/news/56901183
               | 
               | [EDIT] Also, your terse "he claimed there was a federal
               | solution" is also subject to debate. He said he had a
               | plan, but that doesn't mean the plan was a federal-only
               | solution.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | So what you're saying is that Biden's plan was
               | essentially the same as Trump's plan, which also focused
               | on using federal funds and manpower to produce and
               | distribute vaccines as widely and rapidly as possible.
        
         | stefan_ wrote:
         | Omicron evades the "natural immunity" that people were getting
         | a hard on for. That explains a lot (not all) of the massive
         | fitness it has - it can infect people that previously had Covid
         | infections again.
        
           | unmole wrote:
           | Does it only evade natural immunity and not that imparted by
           | vaccines?
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | Immunity is a spectrum, not a binary condition. Infection by
           | previous variants appears to still provide a significant
           | level of durable cellular immunity against Omicron.
           | 
           | https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.06.471446v1
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | What does 100% prevalence mean? 100% of people are at least
         | silent carriers?
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | It means that among recent PCR test confirmed cases, 100% of
           | patients were infected with the Omicron variant rather than
           | Delta or some older variant. The number of asymptomatic
           | carriers is unknown and probably large, but can't possibly be
           | anywhere near 100% of the populace.
        
         | jakear wrote:
         | Yes, COVID is finished in much the same way the Spanish flu is
         | finished. Derivatives of it come up and smack us every winter
         | but life goes on.
        
         | bedhead wrote:
         | What you're missing is that we're eventually (arguably right
         | now) going to be referring to colds and other weak mutations of
         | COVID as "COVID" still, and by virtue of still calling it COVID
         | and still having these COVID dashboards, it's _never_ ending.
         | There is no end, it is a new normal for millions. Too many
         | people 's brains short circuited, too many people got anchored
         | to March 2020.
        
         | rhino369 wrote:
         | >Or am I missing something?
         | 
         | The possibility that a new variant arises that substantially
         | evades both Delta and Omicron immunity.
         | 
         | But it will probably turn endemic after this. There won't be
         | any virgin hosts anymore.
        
         | nickysielicki wrote:
         | It's just politicians trying to save face at this point.
         | Trillions of dollars lost and total debasement of western
         | currencies was all to arrive at the natural solution to a virus
         | that was destined to become endemic from the very start: let it
         | play out.
         | 
         | Two administrations, one from both parties. Same fed chair.
         | Same people at the CDC and WHO. It's not partisan. It's
         | institutional failure.
        
           | swader999 wrote:
           | More like corporate capture imo.
        
             | nickysielicki wrote:
             | I think this is a good take.
        
           | pmoleri wrote:
           | I'm not sure what you mean. Vaccine was a success, it saved
           | millions of lives. What's becoming endemic is a less deadly
           | variant, otherwise we would be back to square 0, confinement
           | and developing a new vaccine. So, instead of calling it a
           | failure I would call it success with a lucky ending, if
           | everything continues like this of course.
        
             | collias wrote:
             | It's not a lucky ending as much as it is the inevitable
             | ending. Virus evolution tends toward becoming more
             | contagious and less deadly. We've known this for a long
             | time, and we have no reason to believe that this virus
             | would be any different.
             | 
             | If viruses tended toward becoming more deadly as they
             | became closer to being endemic, humanity (or any animal)
             | would not have lasted very long.
        
         | butterisgood wrote:
         | Yes it is now endemic.
        
         | hitpointdrew wrote:
         | >Surely this is the end of the pandemic?
         | 
         | Yes, welcome to the endemic. Covid is here to stay, it doesn't
         | matter if 100% of the world were vaccinated tommrow, covid
         | would not go away. It doesn't matter if you get the vaccination
         | or not, in your life time you WILL get covid (just like the
         | flu, no one escapes it, you typically get the flu about every
         | decade or so regardless of shots).
         | 
         | We need to just accept this and move back to "old normal".
        
           | gromitss wrote:
        
           | stefan_ wrote:
           | You have a rather crucial misunderstanding. There are lots of
           | endemic viruses; that is part of why we vaccinate new humans
           | against so many of them.
        
             | swader999 wrote:
             | Not ones that mutate this efficiently. Flu is the only
             | example and we typically only manage to get high
             | percentages of the vulnerable with it. This is what we want
             | with these types of virus otherwise you risk Mariks
             | scenario. (See the poultry industry issues)
        
             | ajsnigrutin wrote:
             | Most of those viruses are actually very deadly, and most of
             | those vaccines actually make you not-get-it-at-all.
             | 
             | The only comparable virus is the flu, and the vaccine is
             | equally shitty [0] as the covid vaccines are.
             | 
             | Death rates for young and (currently healthy) people are
             | very very low (lower than traffic deaths in my country,
             | much lower than suicides), and they are the most affected
             | by the lockdowns. By reopening and focusing on risk groups
             | we could finally start living normally again.
             | 
             | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_vaccine#Effecti
             | venes...
        
               | babypuncher wrote:
               | 800,000 dead americans in less than two years sounds
               | pretty deadly to me
        
               | abduhl wrote:
               | Yes, but that's because you've only started listening to
               | people talk about the number of dead folks recently. 800k
               | isn't nothing but it's not exactly earth shattering.
        
           | swader999 wrote:
           | So can we just do away with the show your passports nonsense
           | then? Think of the tax that adds up every establishment.
        
             | smileysteve wrote:
             | Yes, your local jurisdiction can. Many of us have never had
             | such a requirement.
        
               | swader999 wrote:
               | Well if I can't change my jurisdiction, I just may have
               | to change my jurisdiction.
        
           | elif wrote:
           | I think that may be a completely rational perspective from
           | within the United States... however, from the perspective of
           | countries with effective containment strategies, that sounds
           | prematurely defeatist, and also ignores the vast good that
           | comes from containing spread for mutagenic purposes.
        
             | henrikschroder wrote:
             | What effective containment strategies? Pretty much every
             | country's strategies have completely collapsed due to
             | Omicron.
             | 
             | Australia currently has a wildly exponential growth of
             | cases and _twice_ the number of daily cases /capita
             | compared to Sweden, to take two countries at each end of
             | the "containment" spectrum. And that's despite Australia
             | being in the middle of summer, despite Australia being
             | isolated in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, and despite
             | Australia having more restrictions than Sweden _right now_.
             | 
             | It's all hubris. We have way less control over the spread
             | than we like to think.
        
               | paganel wrote:
               | > What effective containment strategies?
               | 
               | I think NZ and especially China are the only ones left. I
               | think NZ has relaxed its restrictions about 2-3 months
               | ago and to be honest I'm a little surprised they haven't
               | yet followed Australia's path with the exponential number
               | of Omicron cases, but imo the very big question remains
               | China, I have no idea why they plan to handle this going
               | forward.
        
               | henrikschroder wrote:
               | I don't trust a single number or report coming out of
               | China. The official numbers show a couple of thousand
               | dead. No way.
               | 
               | Dictatorships usually make examples of
               | individuals/groups/regions to make everyone else fall in
               | line. The virus however doesn't give a shit about the
               | wishes of authoritarian regimes, which is why making an
               | example of a region or a city and forcing millions of
               | people to stay indoors, doesn't stop the spread
               | elsewhere. It's a virus, not a rebellion.
               | 
               | I'm assuming China has always had a low level spread that
               | could be hidden, because their demographics make it a
               | non-issue. However, I'm guessing Omicron is creating such
               | massive spread that regional officials can't deny reality
               | any longer, and the lockdowns are some kind of desperate
               | last-ditch attempt to save face.
        
               | koyote wrote:
               | > Australia having more restrictions than Sweden right
               | now.
               | 
               | Do you have a source for that? Most Australian states
               | have little to no restrictions at the moment bar mask
               | mandates indoors. If I googled correctly, Sweden only
               | allows seated customers in bars, restaurants and events
               | as well as limits to events?
        
               | henrikschroder wrote:
               | Most Australian states still have mandatory qr-code
               | checkins for everything, police are still chasing people
               | fleeing the "voluntary" quarantine at Howard Springs, and
               | still fining people not wearing face masks. And some
               | still have restrictions that are stricter than what
               | Sweden currently has:
               | 
               | https://www.covid-19.sa.gov.au/restrictions-and-
               | responsibili...
               | 
               | The other restrictions are of course coming back, despite
               | promises to the contrary:
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/australia-
               | news/live/2022/jan/07/...
               | 
               | https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-01-06/covid-
               | restrictions-ti...
        
             | lamontcg wrote:
             | > the vast good that comes from containing spread for
             | mutagenic purposes.
             | 
             | We're never getting a T-cell escape mutant that
             | dramatically increases the risk of hospitalization/death in
             | the vaccinated/recovered.
             | 
             | There's really very little to worry about variants if your
             | vaxxed and boosted.
             | 
             | Experts still don't have any idea how intrinsically
             | virulent Omicron is, and it may be every bit as
             | intrinsically virulent as Delta was (there's lots of issues
             | with the TMPRSS2 studies in mice, while the dominant effect
             | is that Omicron is an escape mutant and is reinfecting and
             | infecting the vaccinated).
             | 
             | The lower hospitalization rate of the Omicron wave can be
             | explained entirely by human immunity. The properties of the
             | virus are likely much less important than the headlines
             | indicate, which suggests the the slow process of the human
             | race building up immunity is going to grind on and future
             | waves will be less and less effectively virulent (although
             | it seems like human emotions are really attracted to the
             | idea that the virus is changing to become less virulent and
             | that seems to be driving emotional acceptance that the
             | pandemic is winding down).
        
               | paganel wrote:
               | > wave can be explained entirely by human immunity.
               | 
               | It's also the fact that, to put it bluntly, many of the
               | people who were the most susceptible to be sent into ICU
               | or to die because of Covid have already had that happen
               | to them. Not sure if that scenario is included in the
               | definition of "herd immunity", to be honest, just wanted
               | to point that (cynical) truth out.
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | It will be very interesting to see how containment
             | countries adapt to the future, where global eradication
             | simply isn't possible. Perhaps there will be a sterilizing
             | vaccine that makes it worth it in the end.
             | 
             | My heart goes out to those impacted by containment
             | strategies. I was talking with someone from NZ or AU (I
             | forget), who hasn't been able to go home an see his wife in
             | two Christmases.
        
           | babypuncher wrote:
           | Old normal will not return until our hospitals are also back
           | to normal
        
             | tjr225 wrote:
             | Our daughter had a fever for four days over the holidays.
             | We literally could not even get into see a pediatrician or
             | an urgent care. There was nothing available.
             | 
             | If a minor cold is enough to cripple our healthcare system,
             | you have to wonder if maybe there is some other reason our
             | hospitals aren't able(or willing) to go back to normal.
             | 
             | I spend thousands of dollars on health INSURANCE every
             | year. If I go to the ER it still costs me over $2k. The
             | last time I went to the ER, I didn't even see a doctor
             | ONCE.
        
               | guimplen wrote:
               | Don't be so selfish. Insurance lawyer or manager cannot
               | make his lambo buy itself.
        
           | zucked wrote:
           | I, too, think that Omicron is the beginning of the transition
           | back to "normal" with Covid becoming endemic. _Everyone_ is
           | going to be exposed to Omicron if they haven 't already.
           | 
           | I expect that for the next year or two, boosters will be
           | recommended as a yearly "flu shot" to give you a decent
           | chance of being minimally affected if exposed. Omicron will
           | continue to be the dominate strain, finding hosts in both the
           | vaccinated and unvaccinated. The difference will be that we
           | will have a myriad tools at our disposal to prevent serious
           | illness and treat it when it does happen.
        
         | supperburg wrote:
         | The pandemic will truly end when therapeutics are mature. My
         | liberal relatives become visibly upset when just the concept of
         | therapeutics is brought up. Thanks liberal dogma/media...
        
         | kuroguro wrote:
         | I really hope so. The hospitalizations usually lag behind case
         | detection AFAIK, so there might still be some damage to watch
         | out for.
        
           | rytcio wrote:
           | People have been talking about how hospitalization numbers
           | are lagged since before Thanksgiving. It's been almost two
           | months. It's time to stop hoping for doom and gloom and
           | accept that it's over.
        
             | magicalist wrote:
             | > _People have been talking about how hospitalization
             | numbers are lagged since before Thanksgiving_
             | 
             | People have been saying that since 2020, but if you're
             | talking about the current variant, omicron wasn't even
             | given the omicron designation until the day after
             | Thanksgiving.
        
             | archagon wrote:
             | It is quite offensive to suggest that anyone is "hoping for
             | doom and gloom."
        
         | etchalon wrote:
         | I'm not sure if we can say it's "over". People were saying the
         | same thing after the Delta waves started subsiding and behold
         | ... Omicron.
        
           | monological wrote:
           | But now we'll be able to reach herd immunity. Very mild and
           | highly transmissible. This is the best possible outcome.
        
             | etchalon wrote:
             | There's no reason to believe that we'll achieve herd
             | immunity to anything beyond Omicron. There's a reason Flu
             | vaccines are a thing you get every year, even if you've had
             | the flu.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | There will be no real herd immunity effect to protect those
             | who lack immunity. Instead virtually everyone is just going
             | to get infected, and most survivors will retain cellular
             | immunity which gives them significant protection against
             | severe symptoms during later reinfections.
             | 
             | https://www.businessinsider.com/delta-variant-made-herd-
             | immu...
             | 
             | Fortunately the current vaccines and other therapies are
             | pretty effective at preventing deaths.
        
             | scrooched_moose wrote:
             | There's no guarantee of that. Omicron seems to be
             | exceptionally capable of infecting both those who had the
             | current vaccines and/or previous variants.
             | 
             | Maybe Omicron provides immunity to Rho (or whatever is
             | coming), but it may provide no protection to Sigma.
        
             | TylerE wrote:
             | I've been watching over both my parents the past week. Both
             | Omicron cases.
             | 
             | "Very mild" is... not accurate. It hasn't hospitalized
             | them, but even without quarantining, they'd be incapable of
             | living anything like a normal life.
             | 
             | The common cold it most certainly IS NOT.
             | 
             | (Both are double vaxxed and boosted, btw)
        
               | slickrick216 wrote:
               | Very mild is exceptionally accurate. It's a nothing
               | burger even for unvaccinated people.
        
               | babypuncher wrote:
               | Then why are our hospitals overloaded with covid
               | patients?
        
               | slickrick216 wrote:
               | They aren't
        
               | pikma wrote:
               | Was it worse than a flu for them, or roughly similar?
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | Normal flu for my dad, a bit worse than that from mom.
               | She basically hasn't gotten out of bed for about 8 days
               | except to use the bathroom.
        
               | pikma wrote:
               | Gee, 8 days is a _lot_ , yeah that feels like worse than
               | a flu. I hope they both feel better soon.
        
               | dwaltrip wrote:
               | How old are they?
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | Early 70s, but in good health generally
        
               | dwaltrip wrote:
               | Thanks for sharing. I hope they feel better soon.
        
               | x86_64Ubuntu wrote:
               | Keep in mind, that between the "like the flu" and "mild"
               | designator, folks are dismissing the severity of Omicron.
               | But we must keep in mind that "mild" is in reference to
               | "severe" which entails death and ground glass lungs.
        
               | smileysteve wrote:
               | The pandemic has taught me how little people care about
               | words;
               | 
               | "Asymptomatic" now means "just a low grade fever", or "a
               | cough that didn't take me to the hospital"
               | 
               | "Allergies" now means "I can barely breathe no matter
               | what environment and I'm tired like I'm taking Claritin,
               | just ignore the color of my sputum or my cough."
               | 
               | "It's just the cold or flu" now means "I'm just sick for
               | a week, and I should definitely socialize like normal"
        
           | rafale wrote:
           | It's hard to imagine a more transmissible covid variant for a
           | layman such as myself. I wonder if microbiologists are able
           | to model the maximum theoretical transmission Sars covid is
           | capable of.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | I don't think we can model it accurately, but we can look
             | to other viruses as examples. The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron
             | variant is still only about half as contagious as measles.
             | 
             | https://www.vaccinestoday.eu/stories/what-is-r0/
        
           | lamontcg wrote:
           | And Omicron is an order of magnitude less virulent on
           | hospitalization/deaths per infection basis.
           | 
           | The pandemic is never going to be "over" on a case basis, and
           | the virus is never going away, spread will never be zero,
           | variants will always keep happening for decades.
           | 
           | Omicron is telling you that its going to be time soon to
           | start thinking about this virus more like a normal cold/flu
           | virus based on its impact.
        
         | clomond wrote:
         | Can't say that 'it is the end' yet - but given that pandemics
         | end when there is no more 'room' for the virus to move through
         | naive hosts (places to infect). The fact that Omicron is SO
         | contagious means it will effectively find any pockets of 'fuel'
         | in the adult human population in the coming weeks and months.
         | Everyone will be exposed.
         | 
         | It is probably more accurate to say it is the likely start of
         | the transition between 'pandemic' and 'endemic' phase. We say
         | endemic as it LOOKS like the gap between coronavirus immunity
         | length to viral instability (number of changes) is longer than
         | for influenza. (T-cell response still very strong, original
         | SARS patients almost 2 decades later have cross immunity to
         | SARS-Cov-2, Omicron immunity effective against delta, etc) That
         | said - it is VERY unlikely to be eradicable at this point due
         | to its ability to infect so many different species and
         | circulate and breed in the wild (more so than even influenza).
         | 
         | So new variants down the line in the coming years/decades is
         | more likely (not different than swine flu, bird flu, etc
         | pandemic risks in the recent past). But, if longer term
         | immunity holds up - none of these will have anywhere near the
         | impact given the absence of billions of naive hosts to burn
         | through.
         | 
         | So if we call the transition from pandemic to endemic the end
         | (likely, yes) - then probably.
        
         | _greim_ wrote:
         | As far as I can tell, there ends up being no practical
         | difference between "the pandemic is over" and "this virus will
         | be in circulation forever". People use one phrase or the other
         | to emphasize different concerns.
        
           | ajsnigrutin wrote:
           | I think people don't think of "the pandemic" as a state of
           | having virus around us, but as a bigger political picture of
           | lockdowns, mandates, vaccine passports, travel limits,
           | mandatory testing, masks and all that.
           | 
           | If omicron means we'll all get it in the next few months, and
           | (for the 99.x% survivors) that means that covid is "just
           | another cold/flu", we can stop with the "pandemic"
           | (political), and live as we did before 2020. Old people will
           | need vaccines and boosters and all that (as they did for the
           | flu before 2020), and young people can finally live a normal
           | life again.
        
       | time_to_smile wrote:
       | I don't think it matters if omicron is ultimately worse or not,
       | nobody cares anymore. I was out visiting a gym yesterday, in an
       | area with sky rocketing cases, and no one was wearing masks. They
       | talked multiple times about how much they cared about health,
       | without even a hint of irony. I was initially put off, but
       | realized that this is just the world we're in.
       | 
       | In two weeks we'll find out if the calculus of lower death rate x
       | higher case count means anything, but even if it turns out to be
       | a complete disaster with record deaths, I just don't see anyone
       | caring.
       | 
       | Pandemic is done after omicron no matter what. We already largely
       | ignore deaths from climate change (which depending on your
       | calculations can easily be as high globally as covid), we don't
       | even speculate on deaths from environmental pollution. Covid is
       | just another environmental hazard that we will accept like any
       | other.
        
         | mikotodomo wrote:
         | Nobody cared ever. At my school every year everyone takes off
         | their masks and wears them improperly all the time. At the
         | beach and mall every year it's still constantly full of
         | hundreds of people with less than 1 meter space in between. At
         | restaurants they don't do anything different than normal except
         | put a mask on while ordering. They could just make something at
         | home instead of being lazy and spreading COVID.
        
         | systemvoltage wrote:
         | I have a feeling we are gonna want more things to worry about.
         | Done with the pandemic? Let's latch on to something to make
         | sure 1) You have no kids 2) We keep increasing the power of the
         | government measures 3) Equality meaning we stoop to the lowest
         | level, not bring up the baseline 4) Keep eroding the standard
         | of living.
         | 
         | Even if we are a space faring civilization, these people will
         | make it uncool to "pollute" space or would be against fusion
         | power if we are able. I can already see progressives against
         | SpaceX.
         | 
         | No optimism for you!
        
           | time_to_smile wrote:
           | > No optimism for you!
           | 
           | This is a weird observation to make. Optimism is by far the
           | dominant ideology in our society and has been for well over
           | 300 or so years.
           | 
           | Even currently when you browse mainstream media news postings
           | the vast majority of the articles focus on how mild omicron
           | is and how people should get to back to work.
           | 
           | I'll agree that the media makes plenty of money pedaling
           | _anxiety_ but real pessimism is nearly forbidden in
           | everything from mainstream media to academic philosophy
           | (seriously, Schopenhauer is basically it and he 's much more
           | of a buddhist than a true pessimist, the majority of German
           | pessimist thinker remain untranslated in English).
           | 
           | Reacting to any observation of concerning data as "against
           | optimism!" speaks more to a prevalence of hard denial than
           | the rise of true pessimism.
        
             | systemvoltage wrote:
             | I live in Berkeley and this is basically 90% of the people
             | I meet, see and interact with. Btw they're also almost all
             | vegetarian and Soylent drinkers. I felt awkward having a
             | sausage pizza yesterday with a friend. So my observations
             | are at the very lease factual in my area, pretty sure
             | factual across the Democratic Party. Progressivism isn't
             | what it used to be (Obama era).
        
               | time_to_smile wrote:
               | > vegetarian and Soylent drinkers.
               | 
               | How does this contradict optimism? They're doing these
               | things because they believe this will lead to a brighter,
               | better future. Just because they disagree with your path
               | to get there doesn't mean they are pessimists.
        
               | systemvoltage wrote:
               | I wasn't speaking about optimism, but just the general
               | culture here. I am fine with vegetarianism or whatever,
               | but making me feel awkward and imposing that on others is
               | bothersome. "I feel like eating meat is immoral"... while
               | I am eating a sausage pizza. I should clarify, he wasn't
               | a proper friend, just a co-worker.
               | 
               | They don't want a brighter future. That's the message I
               | am getting. In some ways that's pessimism, no?
               | 
               | One more anecdote - I had a someone from work come over
               | to help me for moving furniture. He goes "Why do you want
               | to have kids? Do you really want to bring them into this
               | world?". It's this pervasive sense of pessimissm that
               | emanates from this culture. I am pretty convinced.
        
       | tedkz wrote:
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | spuz wrote:
       | You can see a similar chart for the entire country (or other
       | countries) here:
       | 
       | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/covid-variants-area?count...
        
       | __turbobrew__ wrote:
       | omicron has solidly taken over Vancouver BC. Anecdotal evidence:
       | in the past two years (except this past week) I have only known 1
       | person who got covid. In the past week I know over 20 people who
       | have got covid.
       | 
       | I sincerely hope that this is the beginning of the end of covid
       | lockdowns. omicron is taking the world by storm and I wouldn't be
       | surprised if the entire world gets it in the next few weeks.
        
         | BobbyJo wrote:
         | +1, I work in a small, fully remote company, and up until the
         | past 2 weeks, I know of only one colleague who had been
         | infected. 5 people were out last week because of COVID. 5
         | people who live in different states.
        
         | Semaphor wrote:
         | I still know no one in Germany who ever had covid, only one
         | person in the US and one in South Africa (who also died from
         | it), so I'm not sure about that.
        
           | tsywke44 wrote:
           | Yes, it's called a filter bubble. Covid was extremely easy to
           | avoid pre-Omicron even without vaccines if you don't go to
           | nightclubs and don't work in an office and have no kids.
        
             | dragontamer wrote:
             | But what about weddings? Church? Hospitals?
             | 
             | Even during the lockdown, a family friend of mine needed to
             | go to a hospital for an unrelated issue, and that's when a
             | nurse from there passed COVID19 to him. Then he passed
             | COVID19 to his father. He was 35, no kids, didn't work in
             | an office. Still got COVID19 and spread it with deadly
             | results. Etc. etc.
             | 
             | Church, Weddings, Thanksgiving / Christmas / New Years,
             | Birthday parties and other social events? Choir practice?
             | Indoor sports like basketball or racketball? Gyms?
             | Restaurants?
             | 
             | --------
             | 
             | There's a lot of social interactions between people when
             | you start counting them up.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | Hospitals can be unavoidable if you're unlucky and get
               | hurt. Grocery stores, too, but you can minimize your
               | trips. But the other ones? Totally voluntary and
               | avoidable. The public health guidance around COVID has
               | been atrocious, even as scientists learn more about how
               | the disease spreads indoors. We're going to probably need
               | to change our "indoor event" focused culture if we want
               | to have any hope of getting this behind us, but it's
               | unlikely to happen because it's inconvenient to people
               | and there's seemingly no way to enforce a mandate. And
               | heaven forbid people temporarily inconvenience themselves
               | to stop a deadly pandemic!
        
               | Thlom wrote:
               | The thing is you can't stop it. So that leaves the
               | question, should we stop all social gatherings for the
               | foreseeable future and lock ourselves in our homes?
        
               | dragontamer wrote:
               | > inconvenient to people
               | 
               | Certainly. But why is it inconvenient to people? We don't
               | really discuss personal issues in the public space, so
               | I'm forced to use my own examples.
               | 
               | My grandma is in her late 80s and soon will be 90. She's
               | had brain cancer decades ago, recovered, but maybe that's
               | finally catching up to her. Our family pretty much
               | murmurs about it behind her back, but her sharp mind
               | simply isn't as sharp as it used to be. Every year is a
               | diminishing of her memory, her ability to focus, her
               | ability to hold discussions and interact with us.
               | 
               | To the point where she's pretty much locked herself
               | inside her own house (we're worried about her but she
               | refuses to live with any of her children) in most
               | situations.
               | 
               | So what does this have to do with parties? Well, parties
               | are one of the only ways we can manage to draw her out of
               | her house and interact with us.
               | 
               | ---------
               | 
               | I can't imagine that I'm the only one who is dealing with
               | the diminishing mental abilities of an elderly
               | grandparent (or parent). But my grandma's extreme
               | stubbornness and pride makes this entire exercise more
               | difficult.
               | 
               | Now sure, maybe we do have to worry about COVID19 killing
               | her. But on the other hand, her lack of socialization and
               | isolationism is another issue that our family struggles
               | to find a balance with. That certainly can't be healthy
               | either, and arguably the social part takes priority at
               | this point.
               | 
               | Furthermore: COVID19 has vaccines and booster-vaccines to
               | mitigate that particular disease. But we don't really
               | have a "Treatment" for the social isolation she's put
               | herself into, or general aging issues as her mental state
               | deteriorates over the near future.
               | 
               | Frankly, this is probably signs that she's on her last
               | legs. Its something we will have to come to terms with as
               | a family, but hosting parties where she can still see us
               | (even in this state, before she gets worse) is a
               | priority.
               | 
               | ---------
               | 
               | Yes. Its "inconvenient" to cut out the yearly parties out
               | of our life. And I'm sure other people have similar
               | stories about why _THIS_ Thanksgiving / Christmas was
               | like no other, and why it was very important to meet up
               | again.
               | 
               | ----------
               | 
               | Don't get me wrong. I'm largely pro-lockdown, and pro-
               | mask, pro-vaccine. But you cannot underestimate the
               | importance of social interactions or family, especially
               | since we all are in different circumstances. Sickness and
               | health changes the calculus in many ways.
               | 
               | I didn't share this story last year, because I felt like
               | the lockdowns were a needed step (pre-vaccine). But this
               | year, I'm speaking towards opening up again and relying
               | upon the vaccine to keep us safe. Perhaps its two-faced
               | for me to take different stances just one year apart, but
               | things really have changed and pushed my calculus towards
               | the other way. After losing Thanksgiving/Christmas 2020,
               | people are aching to see family again. And 2021 has
               | vaccines, dexamethasone, monoclonal antibodies and the
               | Pfizer pill. We've cut the death rate by 80%+ on
               | treatment alone and vaccines can cut it by 90%+.
               | 
               | 2021 is just not the same year as 2020.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | There's no reason at all in your comment on reasons to
               | make your parties indoor, instead of outdoor like the GP
               | said. It's like you are replying to a different comment.
        
               | dragontamer wrote:
               | Would you have a late 80s great-grandmother outside in
               | the cold? Its 30F right now and I'm not even in a cold
               | part of the country. I got some buddies out in the mid-
               | west that are in 0F weather and -20F wind chill.
               | 
               | Realistically speaking, the party is going to be at a
               | house of one of her children, or grand-children.
               | 
               | -------
               | 
               | An "outdoor" party these days is a closed tent anyway
               | with heaters. Its practically an indoor party with the
               | same air-flow issues except much much more expensive. Do
               | you think I haven't looked into this?
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | The specific cases of people experiencing dementia has
               | not only been noted during the covid-19 era, but also
               | evidence shows that dementia patients have experienced a
               | huge number of excess deaths. I'm personally sure my
               | grandfather was one; he'd had it for years, and it pretty
               | much sat at a steady state for years, while family was
               | interacting with him enough to periodically jumpstart his
               | mind back into lucidity. The decline after lockdown was
               | precipitous.
               | 
               | That disease doesn't somehow make in-person interactions
               | with family and friends unavoidable, though, when people
               | don't have the disease. The fact that people with
               | dementia requiring stimulation to stave off decline are
               | also members of families doesn't magically make all
               | interactions with family members medically necessary.
               | 
               | I generally agree with your conclusions about the change
               | in circumstances, but I personally limit in-person social
               | activities to a small circle of people who are also
               | limiting in-person social activities precisely _because_
               | I want to continue visiting my grandmother without
               | killing her.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | There's no need to change our indoor event focused
               | culture. Now that we have vaccines and other improved
               | therapies we can just accept the risk and move on. In
               | fact, outside the HN bubble people in some states already
               | did that months ago.
               | 
               | We're not all watching the same movie.
        
               | dragontamer wrote:
               | > In fact, outside the HN bubble people in some states
               | already did that months ago.
               | 
               | The issue, and this remains true today, is that hospital
               | space is filling up fast (and did fill up in those states
               | months ago).
               | 
               | A discussion must take place about balancing our
               | individual social needs with the needs of our public
               | health system. There was a train-derailment in Montana in
               | 2021, and COVID19 filled up their hospitals so much that
               | the injured needed to be driven 2+ hours away to look for
               | hospital space / treatment.
               | 
               | Is that the kind of community you want to be a part of?
               | Where your nearby doctors and nurses are not accepting
               | any of the injured train passengers due to the
               | overwhelming COVID19 case numbers?
               | 
               | -----------
               | 
               | We definitely need to do our part as individuals to
               | minimize the damage we cause to our hospital systems.
               | 
               | ------
               | 
               | There's something to be said that "Yes, this tradeoff is
               | worthwhile but only for the end-of-year parties". Vs
               | overwhelming your hospital space just to "own the libs"
               | when no major parties / social events are even happening
               | in the middle of August.
        
           | bsaul wrote:
           | died from omikron ?
        
             | Semaphor wrote:
             | Nah, covid in general. Clarified.
             | 
             | edit: Please don't downvote the user, it was a relevant
             | question and I only clarified my comment afterwards.
        
           | NicoJuicy wrote:
        
             | Semaphor wrote:
             | I live here and know many ;) But in the north, we generally
             | made it through it better (recent club openings with mass
             | infections notwithstanding, I do not know people who go to
             | mega-clubs during a pandemic).
        
               | NicoJuicy wrote:
               | If I compare it with Belgium it's cases are better but
               | deaths is relatively worse to the other stat, which is
               | kinda weird. Unless they don't test much.
               | 
               | But Belgium also overcounts deaths ( should be /2 when I
               | checked in 2020), which means any untested death is
               | counted as COVID. Most people don't seem to be aware of
               | that.
               | 
               | https://www.dw.com/en/belgiums-coronavirus-overcounting-
               | cont...
               | 
               | https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-
               | updates/2020/0...
        
             | _Microft wrote:
             | This is a very disingenious take, don't you think?
             | 
             | I am also German with an average social circle as I would
             | say. Until the end of last year, I just knew of one case of
             | Covid among all of them. Since then, a few families got it
             | - most of them via kindergarten.
             | 
             | Say what you want about our Covid response but from my
             | point of view we made it fairly well through the pandemic
             | so far.
        
             | albertzeyer wrote:
             | I also live in Germany, and similar experience. I rarely
             | know people who have been infected with Covid, and none
             | with Omicron. Omicron is also a bit delayed in Germany
             | (which is good).
        
               | reitoei wrote:
               | I live in Ireland and I know at least 100 people who have
               | had covid, including my wife, father, mother and 2
               | sisters.
               | 
               | Omicron is prevalent here right now.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | I think you know more people who have had it than I know
               | in total.
        
               | reitoei wrote:
               | Everyone knows everyone in Ireland. It's a blessing and a
               | curse.
        
               | sdze wrote:
               | Germans are notoriously ,,under-tested"
        
               | Semaphor wrote:
               | My sister recently had her PCR anniversary of 100 tests.
               | OTOH, I'm at 2 quick tests and one PCR, but I work from
               | home and only leave for stores.
               | 
               | Not sure about the under-tested in general, all the
               | public testing stations were always super busy.
        
               | gjs278 wrote:
        
               | reitoei wrote:
               | I didn't know that. Is that because of access to PCR
               | testing services or a "head in the sand" attitude?
               | 
               | We're in a situation now where our PCR test system has
               | pretty much fallen apart.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | It appears to be infeasible to stop omicron through non-extreme
         | lockdown measures. What I'm not yet clear on is:
         | 
         | - to what extent does recovering from Omicron prevent Delta?
         | 
         | - how long does that immunity last?
         | 
         | We probably _are_ going to have to live with this, but I 'm not
         | sure many countries have caught up to the healthcare staffing
         | implications of that.
        
           | TranquilMarmot wrote:
           | > to what extent does recovering from Omicron prevent Delta?'
           | 
           | If Omicron is reaching 100% prevalence in so many locations,
           | I wonder if Delta will not be as much of a threat anymore? It
           | seems like there haven't been any infections with older
           | variants for a long time now.
        
             | soperj wrote:
             | Omicron evolved from Beta, which had pretty much bottomed
             | out in the human population. They believe it evolved in
             | mice. Just because Delta is disappearing in the human
             | population doesn't mean it's gone.
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | > They believe it evolved in mice.
               | 
               | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34954396/
               | 
               | https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/world/2022/01/coronavirus-
               | omi...
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | BoxOfRain wrote:
         | >I sincerely hope that this is the beginning of the end of
         | covid lockdowns.
         | 
         | Me too, I think at this point further lockdowns would be akin
         | to trying to stop a freight train with your shins: futile and
         | extremely painful.
        
         | KennyBlanken wrote:
         | Last night on NPR there was a scientist cautioning people who
         | think this means the end because it'll burn itself out.
         | 
         | His point was that nobody predicted delta, and nobody predicted
         | omicron. There's no telling how serious the next variant will
         | be (and arguably there's much greater chance of a variant given
         | how many people are getting infected.)
        
           | politician wrote:
           | Wasn't the point of Dr. Strangelove a warning against
           | excessive worrying about a theoretical future viz a viz the
           | mine shaft gap?
        
             | teachrdan wrote:
             | ...the missile gap?
        
               | bc4m wrote:
               | Mineshaft!
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ybSzoLCCX-Y
        
         | hereforphone wrote:
         | Those 20 people are fine, right?
        
           | mojzu wrote:
           | Anecdotally from the people I know who've got covid since
           | omicron was identified, none have had to go to hospital (all
           | are double vaccinated, some had booster), but it can still be
           | a rough few days/week while ill and some are still
           | coughing/feeling overly tired a few weeks later
        
           | __turbobrew__ wrote:
           | yes, all mild cough which resolved in a day or two
        
           | cecilpl2 wrote:
           | Also in Vancouver and similar numbers. I know at least 10
           | people who currently have COVID, including myself and my
           | partner.
           | 
           | It's not mild for all. Two people in particular have been
           | brutally sick for over a week. One spent three days in a
           | self-described "fever dream".
           | 
           | I actually don't know whether I have it, since I'm
           | asymptomatic and can't get a test. But the four other people
           | at my dinner party all got symptoms and two tested positive.
        
           | sergiotapia wrote:
           | 13 people in my immediate circle got it in the last 7 days. A
           | few had 2 days of fever, a few a slight cough, a few sore
           | throats. Everybody is fine now.
        
       | yumraj wrote:
       | Question: what does "100% prevalence" mean in this context?
       | sorry, it's not clear.
        
         | usea wrote:
         | They take samples, randomly sequence some, and use those to
         | estimate the proportion of different variants. Apparently 100%
         | of them were omicron in the week of 12/26/2021
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | loktarogar wrote:
         | all cases are omicron - at least, all sequenced samples came
         | back as omicron
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | wallacoloo wrote:
           | yeah, kind of confusing. "omicron at 100% prevalence,
           | Colorado" is easily mistaken as "100% of the population of
           | Colorado has/had omicron".
        
       | akmarinov wrote:
       | If it's milder than Delta - then that's good right?
       | 
       | Or do the increased cases lead to more hospitalizations than
       | Delta?
        
         | christkv wrote:
         | This guy is a uk health professional who go through the numbers
         | in a easy to understand way.
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfZ62aWf6pk
         | 
         | It very much looks like Omnicron is an upper respiratory
         | infection vs previous variants that are lower respiratory
         | infections.
        
         | rich_sasha wrote:
         | So far in the UK hospitalisations are increasing, but not
         | dramatically so. There's also brouhaha about how London (where
         | the wave is the worst) is at its peak, or already on the way
         | down.
         | 
         | https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/
         | 
         | [bear in mind, the hospitalisation number is not quite what it
         | seems. It is "people in hospital who happen to have Covid", not
         | "people who got Covid so bad they need to be hospitalised". So
         | if you have asymptomatic Covid and a broken leg, you count for
         | this purpose. Still, you do require the whole Covid-safe
         | theatre, medical staff in PPE so it's also not like "meh
         | doesn't matter"]
        
           | aorth wrote:
           | According to your link there's definitely a bump in hospital
           | admissions. Only time will tell how high that bump goes.
           | Let's play it safe and reserve judgement just a little
           | longer...
           | 
           | https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/healthcare?areaType=.
           | ..
        
           | mprovost wrote:
           | The "peak" in London last week (if it really was the peak)
           | had 1 in 10 people infected. Those are huge numbers, even if
           | most people don't need hospitalisation.
        
             | rich_sasha wrote:
             | Yes, I was speaking specifically about hospitalisation
             | only.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | OJFord wrote:
           | Hm, that's [that 'bear in mind'] correct:
           | https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/details/about-data#daily-
           | and...
           | 
           | Just wanted to check that since (at at least one London
           | hospital) they're on different wards (as in, even discounting
           | that obviously you don't want 'broken leg with covid' on a
           | general 'broken bones' ward with neg/query patients) so seems
           | odd to me they'd report data like that vs. those needing
           | treatment for it.
        
             | rich_sasha wrote:
             | My understanding is, there's a fair few people at hospital
             | with "bad Covid" who aren't in Intensive Care. For example,
             | if you have steroids and Remdesivir given to you, you
             | already need to be hospitalised.
             | 
             | So there's at least three categories: people with really
             | bad Covid, people with Covid bad enough they can't be at
             | home, but not (at the time) awful, and people who don't
             | suffer with Covid at all but could infect others, and
             | something else is wrong with them.
             | 
             | I think they are all challenging to the healthcare system
             | in different ways. Ultimately, if you project a complex
             | situation onto R^1, it can't be too accurate.
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | Yeah, at the one I'm familiar with it's (as far as I know
               | and not necessarily limited to) may-need-intensive-care;
               | intensive-care; out-of-intensive-care; and isolation (the
               | covid+, but only there for the broken leg example).
               | 
               | > Ultimately, if you project a complex situation onto
               | R^1, it can't be too accurate.
               | 
               | Absolutely, and it's all too easy to make 'obvious'
               | armchair policy..! I was just a bit surprised since my
               | assumption would be it counted the relevant wards (if it
               | were up to me, I think that would be the first three;
               | only not the isolation-but-there-for-something-else).
        
         | sebow wrote:
        
         | hogrider wrote:
         | It's still largely the same severity of the original Wuhan
         | variant tho. It's the people getting immunity that's lowered
         | mortality.
        
           | ostenning wrote:
           | Hospitalizations are down 70%, yet in South Africa only 26%
           | of the population is vaccinated, this goes to show that
           | Omicron is less severe than the original variant.
           | 
           | The reason for this is Omicron replicates mainly in the upper
           | respiratory areas and does not invade vital organs. This is
           | also why its so contagious.
        
         | rocqua wrote:
         | Scary thing is. Milder disease is a constant factor improvement
         | in hospitalization. But faster spreading (higher R value) is an
         | exponential worsening in hospitalization.
         | 
         | It's probably better to have a 50% hospitalization rate and an
         | R value of 0.8 than a 5% hospitalization rate and an R value of
         | 2. After 3 'generations' of spreading the second situation
         | already has more hospitalizations.
        
           | parkingrift wrote:
           | > It's probably better to have a 50% hospitalization rate and
           | an R value of 0.8 than a 5% hospitalization rate and an R
           | value of 2. After 3 'generations' of spreading the second
           | situation already has more hospitalizations.
           | 
           | Sure, but those aren't the only choices. Over the last 30
           | days the daily case average has increased by 500%. During
           | that same time the daily average hospitalized has risen 100%.
           | 
           | And the test positivity rate has increased to almost 30%,
           | which implies an almost comical undercount in actual cases.
           | 
           | The contagiousness and severity are diverging in an
           | extraordinary way. We're likely undercounting cases by 1/5 or
           | 1/10th.
        
             | TobTobXX wrote:
             | Unknown cases don't use up ICU and hospital beds and don't
             | result in deaths, so who cares?
        
               | parkingrift wrote:
               | It's pretty important to determine actual severity rates.
        
             | ianhawes wrote:
             | The testing positivity rate is relatively useless at this
             | point. For example, in my State, there is no way to report
             | a positive test from a rapid result. Only PCR tests
             | administered by a medical professional are considered valid
             | for statistical purposes, even though the government is
             | giving out free rapid tests.
        
               | parkingrift wrote:
               | I don't think it's useless. I think it's a pretty good
               | indication that there are many multiples of actual cases
               | for every confirmed case. If covid cases have risen
               | 5,000% in 30 days, but hospitalizations have only risen
               | 100%, that's an extraordinarily positive outcome.
        
               | thomaslord wrote:
               | This is for good reason. Rapid tests are substantially
               | less sensitive and often give false negatives, especially
               | for asymptomatic cases. There are also a lot of rapid "at
               | home" tests out there that have high false positive
               | rates, so even if non-PCR tests were added to the data
               | the only reasonable approach would be to still require
               | them to be administered by a medical professional to make
               | sure the test is correctly administered and that the test
               | itself is relatively high quality.
        
           | rhino369 wrote:
           | An R value of .8 would quickly go extinct.
        
           | tomp wrote:
           | Maybe but "exponential growth" is a conspiracy theory
           | promoted by epidemiologists. In reality, growth follows the
           | S-curve, so a milder, faster spreading disease will also
           | saturate the population (flatten the S-curve) much sooner, so
           | overall the impact will be much less.
        
             | cinntaile wrote:
             | A conspiracy theory lol. When they talk about exponential
             | growth, they are talking about an R0 > 1. Yes, after some
             | point it drops under 1 and flattens out because there are
             | fewer and fewer people to infect.
        
             | KSteffensen wrote:
             | I've seen this argument elsewhere and I don't get it. From
             | my understanding the limitation on exponential growth, the
             | flattening of the top part of the S-curve, comes from total
             | population. There is no one left to infect, basically.
             | 
             | If the rising part of the S-curve is steep, that means
             | people get infected within a shorter timespan and a
             | corresponding higher load on hospital beds and healthcare
             | personnel, which is what we are trying to avoid with the
             | lockdowns.
             | 
             | What am I missing?
             | 
             | Also, calling exponential growth a 'conspiracy theory'
             | seems unnecessary
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | _Microft wrote:
             | You want to keep the number of cases in a range that the
             | health care system still can deal with. Reaching the the
             | flat part of an S-curve (i.e. infecting everyone as fast as
             | possible) is NOT desirable because that leads to many cases
             | in very short term.
        
               | ngcc_hk wrote:
               | That what I hope for. It looks like uk is like this. But
               | is USA like this?
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | The CDC has estimated the overall hospitalization rate since
           | the start of the pandemic at about 5%. Now with vaccines and
           | other improved outpatient therapies the hospitalization rate
           | is dropping.
           | 
           | https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-
           | updates/burd...
           | 
           | The Omicron variant R0 value appears to be somewhere in the 7
           | - 10 range.
           | 
           | https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2.
           | ..
        
         | ror_shubham wrote:
         | Its milder than Delta but way more transmissible. The more
         | people get this, more will be the chances of a new variant
         | which can be more deadly/transmissible.
        
           | codeulike wrote:
           | But we're seeing evidence that Omicron provides some immunity
           | from the more dangerous strains like Delta.
           | 
           | If we're worried about Omicron mutating to become more
           | deadly, why aren't we worried about the other human
           | coronaviruses doing the same? 229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1 that
           | have been around for ages?
           | 
           | There's nothing magic about Omicron, its just a repsiratory
           | virus thats relatively new to humans so there's not so much
           | population immunity. And looks like we're rapidly getting
           | exposed to it, so its about to lose its advantage.
        
             | sroussey wrote:
             | > 229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1 that have been around for ages
             | 
             | They can only insert themselves into specific cells (acidic
             | ones in lungs, nose, throat, stomach) and thus are
             | respiratory viruses.
             | 
             | SARS-Cov-2 can insert into most cells of your body and
             | loves the organs like the heart, brain, testes, lungs, etc.
             | 
             | It is airborne like a cold but can damage your brain and
             | heart where a cold cannot.
        
           | Gigachad wrote:
           | If this is all so likely and rapid, why does this not happen
           | constantly every single year? Why did it take so long for one
           | particular virus to leak when it seems like with so many
           | humans we should see some super virus come up constantly.
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | It does happen from time to time, but it's usually not
             | _quite_ right. In the last couple of decades, there've been
             | at least four or five pandemic false alarms, mostly flu
             | variants. In the event, none of them quite made it. But now
             | that covid _has_ made it, minor variations on the already-
             | very-dangerous-thing can be a big problem.
        
             | trhway wrote:
             | >Why did it take so long for one particular virus to leak
             | 
             | why long? The EcoAlliance's gain-of-function (with the
             | "Human Subjects Included" checked) NIH grant for Wuhan
             | started in 2014, the human-specific DNA modifications of
             | the virus were described in the EcoAlliance's 2018 DARPA
             | grant proposal, and in the end of 2019 - voila!
             | 
             | With regard to omicron - we may be also witnessing the
             | continuation of the same magic of the fast "gain-of-
             | function" by the virus :
             | 
             | https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-
             | pharmaceuticals/...
             | 
             | "By inserting this particular snippet into itself, Omicron
             | might be making itself look "more human," which would help
             | it evade attack by the human immune system, said Venky
             | Soundararajan of Cambridge, Massachusetts-based data
             | analytics firm nference, who led the study posted on
             | Thursday on the website OSF Preprints.
             | 
             | This could mean the virus transmits more easily, while only
             | causing mild or asymptomatic disease."
        
               | xg15 wrote:
               | I guess you're alluding to the "lab leak" theory. I can't
               | say I know how serious it should be taken, but just this:
               | If this really _was_ a lab leak and China knows something
               | we don 't know, then I'd be _really_ scared of their
               | current behaviour of locking down entire agglomerations
               | over two-digit numbers of mostly asymptomatic cases.
        
               | bunfunton wrote:
               | Very serious. Check out this article. Title not
               | representative . Can skip first 10-20% if wanted.
               | 
               | https://www.newsweek.com/how-dr-fauci-other-officials-
               | withhe...
        
               | xg15 wrote:
               | It's a good article, as far as I can tell - in particular
               | as actually presents some evidence for reasonable
               | assumptions. Though to be fair, it was known before that
               | GoF research was conducted in the WIV (I believe) and
               | there is not yet any evidence that the research actually
               | resulted in _this_ virus.
               | 
               | What's new to me though is how deep the involvement of US
               | entities apparently was and how close to SARS-CoV-2
               | territory the whole endeavour came. So in this case,
               | absence of evidence is definitely not evidence of
               | absence.
               | 
               | Also that one of the drivers of shutting down the lab-
               | leak theory was apparently _commissioning the WIV to do
               | GoF research!_ (Though I still wonder what all the
               | _other_ scientists supporting that editorial were doing.)
               | 
               | If those FOIA papers will be used for more investigations
               | in the near future, thing should definitely become
               | interesting.
        
           | prox wrote:
           | It's possible, but most coronaviruses do not seem to have
           | followed this in the past, nor flu-based viruses. More deadly
           | variants usually don't win it from less deadly in a selection
           | process.
           | 
           | However it is important as the WHO recommends to do way more
           | to export vaccines to countries that need it. Not just
           | developed countries to prevent the chance of new variants.
        
             | djrogers wrote:
             | > the WHO recommends to do way more to export vaccines to
             | countries that need it.
             | 
             | My understanding is that in many of those countries, the
             | vaccine is readily available, but people don't want to take
             | it for various reasons.
        
           | kansface wrote:
           | I don't think this logic is correct. Viruses can not become
           | infinitely transmissible/deadly; clearly there is an upper
           | ceiling. Second, people gain immunity after infection. We'd
           | expect the first variant that infects most people to win,
           | effectively closing the door behind it.
        
         | monksy wrote:
         | No...@ that's good right
         | 
         | Fewer % hospitalizations, but you have a much larger population
         | getting it in a shorter amount of time.
         | 
         | When hospitals get oveerwhelmed you're going to get a knock
         | down effect on non-covid issues where medical attention is
         | needed but cannot be provided.
        
         | johnchristopher wrote:
        
         | CodeGlitch wrote:
         | Here's a good take on it:
         | 
         | https://news.sky.com/story/covid-news-latest-nhs-backlog-is-...
         | 
         | > Professor Andrew Hayward, of University College London,
         | earlier told Sky News that it is unlikely there will be a
         | variant more severe than Omicron.
         | 
         | He said: "This one will be hard to outcompete... given how
         | successful it is."
         | 
         | Professor Hayward added that for a "variant to stick", it needs
         | to have "some advantage over the existing variant and that
         | advantage needs to be really in terms of increased
         | transmissibility or escape from immunity".
         | 
         | He said: "There's no advantage to the virus itself becoming
         | more severe."
        
           | rsynnott wrote:
           | One thing that gives me pause here; at one time people were
           | saying that _Delta_ would be very hard to outcompete, given
           | how infectious it is.
           | 
           | Something as infectious as Omicron but with better immune
           | escape would presumably do very well, even once the Omicron
           | waves pass.
        
           | johnchristopher wrote:
           | > He said: "There's no advantage to the virus itself becoming
           | more severe."
           | 
           | I thought the virus doesn't care about becoming more or less
           | sever since its transmission capability is all that matters
           | to it and symptoms are hidden (thus increasing transmission
           | between individuals) in the first days of infection and
           | that's what evolution is driving him to be: more
           | transmissible.
           | 
           | The fact symptoms appear sooner than delta seems to be a step
           | backward for the virus in terms of efficacy and it's
           | compensated by being way way way more virulent.
           | 
           | What am I getting wrong here ?
           | 
           | Also:
           | 
           | Omicron could as well have been more severe (and the jury is
           | still out on long covid anyway). If there's another variant
           | less virulent but compensated by hiding symptoms longer...
           | then this would take over omicron and this variant could as
           | well be more severe.
           | 
           | Is that totally out of the realm of possibilities ?
           | 
           | My regular joe thinking tells me that we can only be sure of
           | the direction it's going to take when spring comes. 2021 had
           | 5 vocs, it's only the first days of January.
        
             | everybodyknows wrote:
             | Stats for symptom onset delay need to be disaggregated by
             | vaccination status. Search text for "Kato" here:
             | 
             | https://thezvi.substack.com/p/omicron-post-12
        
             | spuz wrote:
             | Yes, I believe the high transmissibility before symptoms
             | appear is the most beneficial trait to Omicron. However, if
             | a variant appeared with exactly the same traits except that
             | it was 10x more deadly, then a lot more people would be
             | taking it more seriously, self-isolating and driving down
             | infections. From an evolutionary perspective, there is an
             | incentive for the virus to become milder rather than more
             | deadly because of how the news of a deadly virus changes
             | human behaviour.
        
               | bayesianbot wrote:
               | But future human actions do not put evolutionary pressure
               | on the virus. First the possible new variant emerges, our
               | actions come later.
        
               | nawgz wrote:
               | It's not like strains of the virus are made by
               | intelligent design. The point is that Omicron became
               | dominant because people due to a lot of factors, its high
               | transmissibility and people's disinterest in quarantining
               | among them. If Omicron 2.0 came out with the same
               | transmissibility, but a notably higher lethality,
               | people's interest in quarantining would have increased
               | significantly, which could have prevented Omicron
               | becoming the dominant strain in spite of its increased
               | transmissibility.
        
           | shmel wrote:
           | I remember 6 months ago some researchers also said that Delta
           | was so contagious that it is very unlikely that even more
           | contagious variant arises. Oh well, sometimes unlikely events
           | happen.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Based on what we see in other viruses, the practical
             | evolutionary upper limit on R0 for respiratory viruses
             | appears to be about 18.
             | 
             | https://www.vaccinestoday.eu/stories/what-is-r0/
             | 
             | Preliminary data on the Omicron variant indicates an R0
             | value in the 7 - 10 range. So SARS-CoV-2 might still have a
             | little more room to evolve even higher contagiousness.
             | 
             | https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-
             | 2...
        
           | kenjackson wrote:
           | This doesn't make any sense, unless the variants directly
           | compete against each other. But what we've seen with Omicron
           | is that it can infect someone who just had Delta. So if
           | there's a mutation that can infect someone that had Omicron,
           | but is more severe that mutation can flourish, even if it is
           | less transmissible than Omicron. It just flourishes in
           | parallel.
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | They do directly compete, this s Is why delta is shrinking
             | in these places.
        
         | rattray wrote:
         | Anecdotally, the hospital my partner works at has been
         | frantically converting almost all of their floors to covid
         | floors due to the influx of patients. But, few require
         | ICU/ventilator.
         | 
         | So yes it's bad/dangerous in that hospitals may fill to
         | overflowing and struggle to treat covid or non-covid patients,
         | but not bad in that Omicron is directly killing more people
         | than Delta et al.
        
       | dehrmann wrote:
       | With all the restrictions over the past two years, have we been
       | selecting for hyper-contagious strains?
        
         | convolvatron wrote:
         | yes. would letting the original strains run amok freely have
         | been better? I guess more people would have died, but it would
         | have been over sooner.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | Death counts are also hard to compare because earlier
           | variants already killed a lot of high-risk people.
           | 
           | Would we rather have a widespread epidemic we know less about
           | and can control or a less deadly one we have treatments for,
           | but have limited control over? It's hard to say. It'll be
           | interesting to see what happens with omicron in China where
           | they're trying their hardest to control it.
        
           | martythemaniak wrote:
           | Some places have been pretty close to "let it run amok", ie
           | indifference by the population and government, widespread
           | antivax sentiment, etc. I'm talking about places like
           | Bulgaria, Russia, etc. They have seen around 0.75% of the
           | population die.
           | 
           | Letting the original run freely would have likely cost at
           | least 1% of the population, plus the long covid, lack of
           | treatment for other conditions etc.
        
       | intrasight wrote:
       | I am reminded of "Don't Look Up" scene:
       | 
       | It is going to happen. Exactly. 99.78% to be exact.
       | 
       | Oh, great. Okay, so it's not 100%.
       | 
       | Well, scientists never like to say 100%.
        
         | asdfsd234234444 wrote:
         | aside: that movie was absolutely terrible and cringey
        
       | romaniv wrote:
       | I highly recommend everyone here to watch these two cannels for
       | Covid news and analysis:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/c/Campbellteaching
       | 
       | https://odysee.com/@DrMobeenSyed:1
       | 
       | The first one is a bit more user-friendly, the second one goes
       | more in-depth into mechanics and research, but neither peddle
       | fear or moralism. There is actually quite a bit of positive news
       | lately:
       | 
       | Omicron uses two different ways to enter cells. This is part of
       | why it's so transmissible, but it's also why it is less severe:
       | https://odysee.com/@DrMobeenSyed:1/omicron-science-is-differ...
       | 
       | Omicron generates some immunity for Delta, so it is likely to
       | displace Delta entirely:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PYLbJ0H8zdc
       | 
       | Most Omicron hospitalization are accidental so far:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OM2VgBm9pTI
        
       | hereforphone wrote:
       | I've been traveling internationally over the past couple of day.
       | Every person seems to have the sniffles, or to be coughing. I
       | haven't noticed this since covid began, presumably because the
       | masks, sanitizer use, and social distancing have kept the cold
       | and flu down.
        
         | skinnymuch wrote:
         | This was said in some Covid HN threads 1.5+ years ago when
         | Covid began. We know now it was mostly people noticing stuff
         | they didn't notice before. Likely the same case here
        
         | throwntoday wrote:
         | Went to a new years party in California and a dozen of us got
         | stuffy noses and a small cough. Test came back negative.
         | Haven't had a cold in so long I had almost forgotten what they
         | were.
         | 
         | Before getting the results I had assumed this was the mutation
         | everyone would get as we leave the pandemic with a natural
         | immunity to this weak strain.
        
         | samwillis wrote:
         | Here in the UK there seems to be some sort of cold that is
         | ticking all the same symptom boxes as Omicron (sore throat,
         | headache, nasal congestion, cough) but "isn't Codiv". My whole
         | family had it before Christmas. I would describe it a rotten
         | cold, we all sat on the sofa for like 5 days but weren't bed
         | bound, tested negative with LFTs the whole time (each did one
         | at least every other day for a week). We isolated anyway.
         | 
         | We know _a lot_ of people who have had this experience in the
         | last month. Most people seem to have had this cold or Covid
         | recently.
         | 
         | Now, I am suspicious that something is going on here. I have a
         | suspicion that the LFTs are not testing positive for relatively
         | mild Omicron. The LFTs procedure here, which we followed, has
         | been to only swab the nose (they changed it maybe over the
         | summer?) but I have seen many anecdotal reports over the last
         | week of people who tested negative (LFT) with just a nasal swab
         | but positive if they swabbed their throats. This potentially
         | ties in with reports that Omicron mostly affects the throat
         | whereas Delta affects the back of the nose. I have seen no
         | official studies.
         | 
         | It would not surprise me if we find out in a few weeks/months
         | that nasal LFTs have a very high false negative rate with
         | Omicron.
         | 
         | Edit:
         | 
         | Just found this about a small study suggesting exactly what I
         | am suspicious of:
         | 
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/05/health/covid-rapid-test-o...
         | 
         | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.04.22268770v...
        
           | invalidusernam3 wrote:
           | One of my friends tested positive for covid yesterday (via
           | PCR test). He suspected he might have covid so he had been
           | doing LFTs in the days leading up but kept coming up
           | negative. Out of interest he did an LFT after he got his
           | positive PCR and, surprise surprise, negative.
           | 
           | Obviously this is very anecdotal and speculative, but like
           | you said, I wonder if LFTs don't pick up this strain of the
           | virus as well as previous, and if that is what is causing the
           | numbers to be so high since I would imagine it is how most
           | people test.
        
           | oakesm9 wrote:
           | The official guidence is that LFT are only to be used if you
           | DO NOT have symptoms. If you have symptoms you should instead
           | be getting a PCR (lab) test.
           | 
           | Official guidence:
           | 
           | > There are different tests you can get to check if you have
           | coronavirus (COVID-19). The test you need depends on why
           | you're getting tested.
           | 
           | > The 2 main tests are:
           | 
           | > PCR tests - mainly for people with symptoms, they're sent
           | to a lab to be checked
           | 
           | > rapid lateral flow tests - only for people who do not have
           | symptoms, they give a quick result using a device similar to
           | a pregnancy test
           | 
           | > Both tests are free.
           | 
           | Source: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-
           | covid-19/testing/g...
        
             | shmel wrote:
             | Well, the symptoms according to the NHS are fever, cough
             | and loss of smell/taste. If you have runny nose and sore
             | throat, you don't have coronavirus symptoms. Technically.
             | So you take a LFT, right?
        
               | doubled112 wrote:
               | It confuses me how different the rules and "truths" are
               | all over the world.
               | 
               | At least when I caught Delta I had a sore throat and a
               | runny nose to start. That was it for a couple of days.
               | 
               | There was an outbreak in my children's school so the
               | family went to get tested.
               | 
               | It was only after that I got a cough and fever (and
               | positive result). It wasn't until about day five I
               | noticed I couldn't smell.
               | 
               | Public health where I'm at says basically everything is a
               | possible Coronavirus symptom. They list headache, sore
               | throat, runny/stuffy nose, congestion, fatigue, muscle
               | aches, nausea, vomiting and/or diarrhea, inability to
               | smell, and pink eye.
        
               | samwillis wrote:
               | That was my interpretation.
        
           | Bellend wrote:
           | I had this and so did my friend and we live across the
           | country. The same symptoms at different times. It was as you
           | describe and my cough was terrible, unlike previous colds or
           | chest infections. I coughed for about 40 hours straight and
           | didn't sleep. I tested myself multiple times.
           | 
           | I found it strange that I am boosted, masked, and sanitized,
           | plus I am isolated as I am an unpaid carer for a family
           | member with poor health and I managed to catch the bloody
           | cold!
           | 
           | It seemed suspect to me as well but of course, anecdotal.
        
           | Hallucinaut wrote:
           | Same experience and suspicions here with December being
           | miserable for the household but no positive LFTs (around 3
           | each) or PCR (one each). Wife still has a sore throat every
           | night, weeks later, and mine lasted weeks too, which is
           | unlike any cold we've had previously.
        
           | slavik81 wrote:
           | Michael Mina explains it this way:
           | 
           | > Rapid tests do work with omicron. "But why are some people
           | staying negative in the first days they have symptoms??" This
           | is expected. Symptoms don't = contagious virus This is
           | literally a reflection of the fact that vaccines are doing
           | their job!
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/michaelmina_lab/status/14720244576403947.
           | ..
           | 
           | There's a nice diagram with additional information there, and
           | further discussion on other possible factors contributing to
           | the results we're seeing.
        
             | VirologyThrow wrote:
             | Mina's tweets are all over the place, and mostly
             | speculation. It's also strange that he's arguing that the
             | vaccines are working in one breath, and then basically
             | telling people to retest daily if possible and go into
             | isolation the minute they think they're going to sneeze in
             | another breath.
             | 
             | The cold is a minor annoyance to most people's immune
             | system, as almost everyone has prior exposure to cold-
             | causing viruses, but colds still manage to spread. We don't
             | test obsessively or quarantine for "the cold."
             | 
             | If "Symptoms don't = contagious virus", how in the world is
             | the virus spreading at such a blistering pace? Is Mina
             | suggesting that literally everyone is getting this thing,
             | including in highly vaccinated populations, by magic?
             | Occam's razor, combined with basic knowledge about how
             | respiratory viruses work, tells us that people who have
             | symptoms are very likely contagious. They might also be
             | contagious before noticeable symptoms arise, and as they
             | subside.
             | 
             | As for viral loads, with Delta, research found that
             | vaccinated individuals were capable of having viral loads
             | as high as unvaccinated individuals[1]. Until there's data
             | about the viral loads with Omicron, it seems dubious for
             | Mina to suggest that the reports of rapid tests failing to
             | pick up omicron infections are related to low viral loads.
             | 
             | Instead, Mina's 5th tweet _is_ worth paying attention to:
             | 
             | https://twitter.com/michaelmina_lab/status/1472388051146264
             | 5...
             | 
             | There is a lot of chatter about how people are getting
             | positive rapid tests when they swab their throats instead
             | of their nasal passages. It's anecdotal at this point, but
             | if we're going to engage in speculation, this seems a much
             | more valid form of inquiry.
             | 
             | The vaccines are very effective at reducing the risk of
             | hospitalization and death, and Omicron seems more mild to
             | begin with. It is very effective at spreading in vaccinated
             | populations, which isn't surprising given that the
             | decreasing size of the SARS-CoV-2 naive population means
             | that the virus is now under pressure to select for immune
             | escape. It's strange to me that a "Epidemiologist,
             | Immunologist, Physician" would tweet as if he didn't know
             | this.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.bmj.com/content/374/bmj.n2074
        
           | kolp wrote:
           | There's a recent study(0) that suggests that saliva tests are
           | more reliable than nasal swabs for detection of Omicron
           | variants, whereas the inverse was true for the Delta variant.
           | 
           | (0) https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.22.212682
           | 46v...
        
         | TranquilMarmot wrote:
         | I stay inside most of the time and don't really go out or
         | travel or anything. Only time I leave the house is to walk the
         | dog.
         | 
         | It does seem like that past month or so I've been hearing
         | constant sniffling, coughing, and sneezing as I walk around the
         | neighborhood.
        
         | capableweb wrote:
         | Just stating the obvious (but not necessarily true): could be
         | that before covid you never really never thought about others
         | sniffles/coughing, but now after covid, everyone who behave
         | "sick" becomes noticeable. I certainly noticed this in myself.
        
       | joelbondurant1 wrote:
        
       | bratwurst3000 wrote:
       | Just giving my 2 cents. Got boosted 3 weeks ago. Now I have
       | covid. Everything is fine, feels like the least ill i ever was
       | from anything. But I wanted to state that omnicron is a beast. I
       | did wear a ffp2 mask with nearly every social contact and if we
       | didnt wear mask we would test ourself. I am sure I got it from
       | the streets from people passing by. That said I am in the french
       | alps and it was vacation time here.
       | 
       | And until now it was rare to know someone who has covid .... Now
       | it feels like people who dont have it are getting rare
       | 
       | I hope so much this is the entrypoint for an endemic situation
        
         | gbjw wrote:
         | Your anecdote makes me wonder if the Omicron variant is largely
         | spreading through aerosols and eyes. See (commentary from May
         | 2021): https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanmic/article/PIIS26
         | 66-5....
        
         | zucked wrote:
         | Similar story - boosted mid Nov. Travelled over Christmas. Have
         | been wearing K95 masks as properly as I can as often as I can
         | when out in public. No real symptoms to speak of, but took a
         | PCR just to be sure. Bing! Positive.
         | 
         | Not sure from where I got it, but the contagiousness of Omicron
         | is impressive.
        
         | bleuchase wrote:
         | > Now I have covid. Everything is fine, feels like the least
         | ill i ever was from anything. But I wanted to state that
         | omnicron is a beast.
         | 
         | So you're the least ill you've ever been from anything but it's
         | also "a beast"?
        
         | contravariant wrote:
         | Why are you hoping for Covid to become endemic?
        
           | betterunix2 wrote:
           | At this point that is the best case. COVID zero is a pipe
           | dream, there are just too many vaccine refusers and too many
           | people refusing to do anything to avoid spreading the virus.
           | If COVID follows the typical evolutionary pattern of viruses
           | and becomes less dangerous, we can get back to normal life --
           | the question is how long that will take.
        
             | contravariant wrote:
             | I'm not sure what basis you have for assuming it will
             | _evolve_ to be less dangerous, Since it still leaves most
             | of its host alive I can 't think of a mechanism that would
             | prevent it from staying equally deadly, except of course
             | that most of the population will have some degree of
             | immunity.
             | 
             | This pandemic will inevitably end, after which Covid-19 may
             | stay endemic, but Covid-19 becoming endemic and the
             | pandemic ending aren't really the same thing and frankly
             | aren't really causally related so to me it seems weird to
             | express hope for the endemic to begin rather than the
             | pandemic to end.
             | 
             | Anyway, we'll need to ride out this last wave first. I'd
             | say _hopefully_ last, but we may end up hoping it wasn 't.
             | Regardless let's hope it at least burns itself out in the
             | process as opposed to smouldering for ever.
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | It is still more dangerous than the other endemic
               | coronaviruses that cause the common cold. In general the
               | selection pressure on viruses (and other parasites) is to
               | be less disruptive to the lives of their hosts -- not
               | just being less deadly, but also not incapacitating hosts
               | for extended periods of time. How long it takes for a
               | virus to become endemic-without-ill-effects can vary
               | widely, but the hope here is that COVID19 will do so
               | quickly, becoming "just another common cold" within
               | another year or two.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | > typical evolutionary pattern of viruses and becomes less
             | dangerous
             | 
             | Wishful thinking (that I hope comes true). Ebola got more
             | lethal, not less.
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | Ebola is not endemic to humans. It is not lethal to the
               | bat species in which it is endemic.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | bratwurst3000 wrote:
           | Honestly I hope that one day it is gone for good but until
           | then an endemic situation would be somehow better than a
           | pandemic one. I didnt say that clearly and hoping for a,
           | also, bad situation is not the best thing to whish for but
           | after 2 years of pandemic I am whishing for something less
           | bad....
        
           | the_doctah wrote:
           | It's more of an acceptance of reality than a hope, I think.
        
             | bratwurst3000 wrote:
             | yes exactly ... the worst part about growing up....
        
         | mikotodomo wrote:
         | Maybe it's time to start taking the wear 2 masks advice
         | seriously.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | mapme wrote:
           | Better to go with N100 mask or heavy duty respirator if you
           | truly wanted to ramp up protection. https://www.grainger.com/
           | product/6AD97?ef_id=Cj0KCQiAw9qOBhC...
        
           | makeworld wrote:
           | As I understand it, wearing two masks was only recommended
           | for those wearing surgical or cloth. If your wear an N95 or
           | equivalent you only need the one.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | bingohbangoh wrote:
         | I'll give my two cents then. People are probably not gonna like
         | it here but I think alternative perspective is important.
         | 
         | I got vaccinated in June 2021 and haven't been following any
         | restrictions or rules for the last ~10mo. No masks (unless
         | forced or asked), haven't limited human contact, haven't
         | stopped seeing Grandma, etc. I have traveled extensively in the
         | past four months, including to two foreign countries. I
         | nominally live in the epicenter of the new outbreak in NYC
         | which accounts for the lion's share of cases as of this writing
         | (unless something drastically changed in the past day).
         | 
         | I have not gotten COVID-19. [0] If I did, it was a very mild
         | case that gave no symptoms.
         | 
         | I was in contact with people who had COVID-19 on Christmas and
         | New Year's Eve (both tested positive after the fact, they did
         | not know prior). I got tested December 23rd for a flight,
         | results were negative. I got tested yesterday, results were
         | negative. I feel great though I had a bad cold on the ~27th
         | which I think was from traveling and not COVID specific given I
         | tested negative twice.
         | 
         | [0]: I had a very bad, vaguely defined flu back in January 2020
         | that knocked me out for a week that may have been an early
         | COVID-19 case. But everybody says this and then their antibody
         | tests show up negative. I haven't gotten antibody tests to
         | confirm and given that I'm vaccinated it's likely they'd show
         | up positive for that anyway.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | makeworld wrote:
         | For anyone wondering: FFP2 is equivalent to an N95.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFP_standards#FFP2_mask
        
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