[HN Gopher] Real Problems That Web3 Solves, Part 1
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Real Problems That Web3 Solves, Part 1
        
       Author : waprin
       Score  : 93 points
       Date   : 2022-01-04 17:28 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (billprin.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (billprin.com)
        
       | avereveard wrote:
       | So, web3 regularly gets updated into the front page, only to be
       | utterly trashed in the comments session.
       | 
       | What gives?
        
       | nanofortnight wrote:
       | Federated/Decentralised identity/authentication is a solved
       | problem. For example, this is essentially OpenID. Unfortunately
       | this entire concept failed to gain traction.
        
       | kiernanmcgowan wrote:
       | All of these decentralization arguments make me think of early
       | git:
       | 
       | >Every Git clone is a full-fledged repository with complete
       | history and full revision tracking capabilities, not dependent on
       | network access or a central server...
       | 
       | http://web.archive.org/web/20080821113906/http://git-scm.com...
       | 
       | Sure git can be used without the need to have have a central
       | server, but everything became so much simpler with github and
       | other code repositories.
       | 
       | Decentralized systems are hard to navigate and humans will choose
       | the easy thing every time.
        
       | kradeelav wrote:
       | ... why would I want to share my wallet to something I trust less
       | than a strange dog? Or part of my identity? No thanks.
       | 
       | One of the great things about usernames/passwords is it didn't
       | demand that vulnerability - you could come up with whatever and
       | it was _your responsibility_ to keep up with your shit. Systems
       | that mimic real world systems on average feel less prone to this
       | silliness.
        
         | pxue wrote:
         | email/password is terrible UX for vast majority of user. it's
         | forgettable, it's not secure, and it exists only because it
         | have existed since dawn of computers.
        
           | endisneigh wrote:
           | I disagree. Email and password is terrible compared to what?
        
       | thesandlord wrote:
       | My big question with using a Web3 login is what advantages it
       | gives the website owner.
       | 
       | With social Web 2.0 login, I can be fairly sure the person
       | logging in has a valid email address, a name, etc, and it is a
       | single click for the user vs filling in all the info all over
       | again.
       | 
       | With a Web3 login, it is basically the same. Except I'm not
       | really given any personal info like name or email, so I need ask
       | them for that anyway. I guess you can tie that into your wallet
       | somehow?
       | 
       | But I don't see this as a 10x solution. Do people really not
       | trust FB/Google/Twitter that much? Why does currency and money
       | need to get involved?
       | 
       | But in another world, isn't this the problem Keybase was trying
       | to solve? Of course, they got mixed up in their own
       | cryptocurrency as well (XLM) which had so many issues with bots
       | trying to get into the airdrop. So idk.
        
         | spinny wrote:
         | People already use ENS do register a <some-name>.eth name to
         | the respective ethereum address. It's also easy to write a
         | smart contract that keeps meta-info on an address. This data
         | would be public.
         | 
         | > Why does currency and money need to get involved?
         | 
         | It doesn't. You only need a blockchain to keep public data. You
         | can sign a message and login with that, no need to send a
         | transaction, can be done with balance 0
        
           | lottin wrote:
           | Buy I thought the whole point was "owning your identity"...
           | and know you're suggesting that we should put or personal
           | data on a blockchain so everybody can see it?
        
             | spinny wrote:
             | have you ignored the "public data" part on my comment ??
             | 
             | why do you twist "owning your identity" to mean putting
             | everything about you "somewhere public" (like a blockchain)
        
             | numtel wrote:
             | The identity owned is the private key.
        
         | rafale wrote:
         | Web3 emphasizes privacy be default. Emails are no longer needed
         | for password management so if u need them for something else
         | users should opt-in.
        
           | zingplex wrote:
           | I have a hunch that many services they will probably want to
           | collect the emails anyway. It provides websites a convenient
           | excuse to ask people to join their marketing spam list. In
           | most cases privacy isn't a profitable business proposition.
        
           | MBCook wrote:
           | Apple already provides something like that that's WAY more
           | popular and doesn't require the waste of resources a public
           | blockchain would.
           | 
           | I know some people (especially us techies) like to control
           | the whole stack but who do you think the majority of normal
           | users would prefer?
        
             | rafale wrote:
             | Bitcoin doesn't support web3. Ethereum is moving to proof-
             | of-stake, so the resources issue is gonna become a thing of
             | the past. Also using web3 for authentication doesn't
             | broadcast any transaction. So zero resources are used at
             | that point.
             | 
             | Apple has a closed platform mindset, I hope users will see
             | the benefits in a decentralized open protocol.
        
               | MBCook wrote:
               | > I hope users will see the benefits in a decentralized
               | open protocol.
               | 
               | See I think this here is the biggest issue. I feel like
               | we have 30+ years of proof that normal users LIKE
               | centralization for the convenience and ease it provides.
               | 
               | Email is basically the last man standing when it comes to
               | distributed implementations and 1) it had reached mass
               | adoption early enough to survive and 2) we've centralized
               | it to a large degree anyway with Gmail and outlook.com
        
         | tester756 wrote:
         | >Do people really not trust FB/Google/Twitter that much?
         | 
         | People in general or HN audience?
        
       | steelstraw wrote:
       | Are there any security risks with signing onto a site with
       | Metamask? Is there any way for them to drain your wallet without
       | prompting you?
       | 
       | If not, then it seems to be a superior method and experience. You
       | don't have to deal with usernames/email/password, and it offers
       | more functionality with currency.
        
         | TylerE wrote:
         | There have already been many many scams perpetrated by things
         | CLAIMING to be MM/OpenSea
        
         | dylkil wrote:
         | When you sign in with web3 you are signing a message with your
         | private key, and the website is verifying the it was in fact
         | you that signed the message by checking the messages signature
         | with your public key.
         | 
         | The only way anyone can gain control of your wallet is if you
         | give them your private key (or the seed to the privk) or if
         | your PC is compromised (but you have bigger issues then)
        
       | AlexandrB wrote:
       | This is probably the first blockchain use case that I've found
       | compelling, outside of using its obvious use as a speculative
       | asset of course. I hope the author elaborates more on this in the
       | next part because there are still lingering questions - like how
       | much would CRUD operations on your digital identity cost? After
       | all, most blockchain technologies have associated "gas" or other
       | transaction fees.
        
       | endisneigh wrote:
       | So what happens when you get phished with Web3? If the value of
       | all crypto goes down 10% YoY why would you use it?
       | 
       | The author makes a bunch of silly assumptions:
       | 
       | > We need some way of saying "who we are" on the internet in a
       | consistent manner. That way we can communicate with others in a
       | verified way and associate with digital data that we own. We also
       | often need that data to be interoperable between different web
       | properties.
       | 
       | No, this is not true. That's why most people on this site are not
       | logging in through Google. Sites will store their own data, and
       | if you trust them to store that data there's really no reason to
       | just trust them to store a link to your identity.
       | 
       | The author advocates third parties like Metamask and using a
       | Chrome extension, which is ridiculous. If you're going to trust
       | that, why not trust Microsoft, or Amazon, or Google?
       | 
       | > With social recovery, instead of having to trust Google, you
       | can choose who you trust, and instead trust a given set of
       | friends, family, and services
       | 
       | Yes, because Google is not a service.
       | 
       | Ultimately the author makes up a problem and says blockchain is
       | the solution.
       | 
       | Even if we suppose it's a solution there's no discussion around
       | phishing, stolen identities, or any failure mode really. Of
       | course there isn't though - in general recourse requires an
       | authority. Blockchain has none.
        
         | thebean11 wrote:
         | Identities on Microsoft, Amazon, and Google are not portable.
         | They can permanently ban you and you lose access to every
         | single service you used them to authenticate to.
         | 
         | Private keys are portable between wallets.
        
           | endisneigh wrote:
           | What you're saying is also true with web3. A bad actor's key
           | could be banned and a list of bad actors could be shared
           | among sites resulting in the same thing.
           | 
           | In fact, if you believe in privacy at all you'd want to
           | reject this idea for that alone.
        
             | thebean11 wrote:
             | Sure, multiple independent sites could individually ban
             | you. That's a fundamentally different problem, and much
             | much less likely.
             | 
             | An antidote to that would be using a different key on each
             | site you authenticate to. You still only need to store a
             | single key, all other keys are derived from that yet cannot
             | be associated with their sibling keys.
             | 
             | > What you're saying is also trust with web3.
             | 
             | Not quite sure what you mean here, web3 is a pretty
             | overloaded term. If you mean the very concept of
             | web3..that's pretty fundamentally different from trusting a
             | company that can unilaterally ban you, alter your data etc.
             | There is no such parallel in web3. If you mean the JS
             | library, that's also fundamentally different, and it's not
             | the only game in town.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | I'm not sure what your point is here - you could also
               | create a new Google account per website or simply use an
               | email address.
               | 
               | The author advocates using third party services such as
               | meta mask, who would need to be trusted.
               | 
               | How do you implement it without any third party site.
               | 
               | If we are talking about likelihood it's unlike you'd be
               | banned from Microsoft/Facebook/Google for no reason too.
               | 
               | Furthermore as the administrator how you stop bad actors?
        
               | thebean11 wrote:
               | You have to trust MetaMask to some extent, like any
               | software you run locally, but MetaMask never gains
               | control of your keys or identities, it's just a tool for
               | using them (obviously 99.9% of users aren't auditing the
               | code or building from source, but that's a totally
               | different threat model). If MetaMask stops working for
               | you, you can use a different tool with the _same keys_.
               | If Google stops working for you you cannot transfer your
               | account to Microsoft or Facebook.
               | 
               | > If we are talking about likelihood it's unlike you'd be
               | banned from Microsoft/Facebook/Google for no reason too.
               | 
               | I've seen posts on this forum about it. It happens and
               | there's not much you can do if it does.
               | 
               | > you could also create a new Google account per website
               | or simply use an email address.
               | 
               | > Furthermore as the administrator how you stop bad
               | actors?
               | 
               | Apologies if I'm missing something, if it's easy to spin
               | up unique identities on both what's the difference here?
               | It seems like it would be one or the other.
               | 
               | And yes you can create a new Google account per website,
               | but you are still at Google's mercy to authenticate. My
               | 1Password has ~250 logins, I'd be seriously worried about
               | a ban from Google if I made 250 accounts.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | > Apologies if I'm missing something, if it's easy to
               | spin up unique identities on both what's the difference
               | here? It seems like it would be one or the other.
               | 
               | Yes except for a centralized entity the admin would have
               | recourse. How does a web server admin deal with it in the
               | case of blockchain?
               | 
               | > I've seen posts on this forum about it. It happens and
               | there's not much you can do if it does.
               | 
               | If we are talking about anecdotes I've seen people lose
               | their private keys to phishing and consequently all of
               | their money, so...
               | 
               | > You have to trust MetaMask to some extent, like any
               | software you run locally, but MetaMask never gains
               | control of your keys or identities, it's just a tool for
               | using them (obviously 99.9% of users aren't auditing the
               | code or building from source, but that's a totally
               | different threat model). If MetaMask stops working for
               | you, you can use a different tool with the same keys. If
               | Google stops working for you you cannot transfer your
               | account to Microsoft or Facebook.
               | 
               | This is not true, depending on implementation. Even if we
               | accept what you're saying as true you can run your own
               | oauth server.
               | 
               | Basically it seems the entirety of your argument rests
               | upon trusting a centralized service. However the
               | scenarios posited by the author are ones where blockchain
               | is used to login to a centralized service to begin with
               | so I don't understand the criticism. Furthermore, unless
               | one is to accept the infinite possibility and quantity of
               | accounts, inevitably just like most other identity
               | services, blacklists will be created.
               | 
               | If that is not effective then blockchain will simply not
               | be an option for most sites.
               | 
               | Ultimately this convoluted web3 is no better than using
               | an email address forwarder and a regular email and
               | password.
        
               | thebean11 wrote:
               | > Yes except for a centralized entity the admin would
               | have recourse.
               | 
               | Can you be more specific? How is it easier to sniff out a
               | user using multiple emails vs multiple keys?
               | 
               | > If we are talking about anecdotes I've seen people lose
               | their private keys to phishing and consequently all of
               | their money, so...
               | 
               | Losing your keys is a huge problem that needs to be
               | solved. I think social recovery is super promising in
               | that respect but you're right that we aren't there yet.
               | Phishing exists in both worlds, although I'd argue for
               | logins specifically it's less of an issue in the MetaMask
               | world, as you do not need to expose your private keys for
               | that. You need to expose your password to log into
               | Google.
               | 
               | > This is not true, depending on implementation. Even if
               | we accept what you're saying as true you can run your own
               | oauth server.
               | 
               | Which part isn't true?
               | 
               | There is..some difficulty gap between a browser extension
               | and running your own authentication infra..
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | > Can you be more specific? How is it easier to sniff out
               | a user using multiple emails vs multiple keys?
               | 
               | If someone made 2109@gmail.com 238@gmail.com
               | 2398@gmail.com you could contact Google, send them the
               | information and potentially block all of them
               | collectively and/or find the person responsible. This
               | would be important if your application has to do with
               | financial activity. How would you do this if someone kept
               | making random private keys?
               | 
               | > I'd argue for logins specifically it's less of an issue
               | in the MetaMask world, as you do not need to expose your
               | private keys for that. You need to expose your password
               | to log into Google.
               | 
               | I'm not understanding you. If you're someone who won't
               | use Google, or a centralized service, then you are
               | capable of hosting your own web server. If you're capable
               | of that an email address + password is superior to
               | blockchain and gives you more control.
               | 
               | If you're not capable of that and are using centralized
               | services for things like email then you lose no more
               | control using their oauth server.
               | 
               | You and author have yet to address failure modes, or the
               | superiority of this compared to email and password.
        
               | thebean11 wrote:
               | > If someone made 2109@gmail.com 238@gmail.com
               | 2398@gmail.com you could contact Google, send them the
               | information and potentially block all of them
               | collectively and/or find the person responsible.
               | 
               | Citation needed, I very much doubt Google would comply
               | without a search warrant. For financial activity, it
               | depends whether the application requires authentication,
               | or simply funds. For authentication see things like DECO,
               | where you could prove some personal information about
               | yourself without actually revealing that information (SSN
               | for example). Obviously that is piggy backing off of a
               | legacy system; it's up to the application to say what
               | data they need.
               | 
               | > I'm not understanding you. If you're someone who won't
               | use Google, or a centralized service, then you are
               | capable of hosting your own web server. If you're capable
               | of that an email address + password is superior to
               | blockchain and gives you more control.
               | 
               | You are completely wrong that everyone currently using
               | MetaMask is capable of hosting their own web server.
               | Securely hosting a web server is orders of magnitude
               | harder than securely using MetaMask.
               | 
               | I think I did address both failure modes and the
               | benefits. I agree with you that it's not ready to replace
               | email and password, but I don't think the issues are
               | insurmountable either.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | > Citation needed, I very much doubt Google would comply
               | without a search warrant. For financial activity, it
               | depends whether the application requires authentication,
               | or simply funds. For authentication see things like DECO,
               | where you could prove some personal information about
               | yourself without actually revealing that information (SSN
               | for example). Obviously that is piggy backing off of a
               | legacy system; it's up to the application to say what
               | data they need.
               | 
               | There's plenty of evidence out there for this
               | (https://www.jamesmadison.org/the-governments-secret-
               | google-s...). Furthermore Google has a contact to
               | official subpoena them if you want
               | (https://support.google.com/faqs/answer/6151275?hl=en).
               | For mild things you could just report abuse and escalate
               | - https://support.google.com/mail/contact/abuse?hl=en
               | 
               | Again, you're not answering the question. What does the
               | web administrator do if someone is creating fake accounts
               | using a private key? If you're going to use third party
               | systems you don't need blockchain to begin with.
               | 
               | > You are completely wrong that everyone currently using
               | MetaMask is capable of hosting their own web server.
               | Securely hosting a web server is orders of magnitude
               | harder than securely using MetaMask.
               | 
               | You're addressing a claim I didn't make. I'm not sayin
               | everyone using metamask can host their own server, I'm
               | saying someone who isn't using a centralized entity
               | anywhere can do it, by definition. Hosting a web server
               | is trivial in 2022. You can literally setup a server by
               | going to digitalocean.com right now, paying $5, and
               | spinning up a one-click machine. Administrating it at
               | scale is obviously more difficult, but it's trivial to
               | setup a little oAuth server if you want.
        
               | thebean11 wrote:
               | > There's plenty of evidence out there for this
               | 
               | You are completely moving the goalposts, I thought we
               | were talking about internet services trying to prevent
               | spam..not government snooping and subpoenas. Are you
               | claiming the government's ability to collect data about
               | you from Google is a good thing? I'm pretty confused.
               | 
               | > Again, you're not answering the question. What does the
               | web administrator do if someone is creating fake accounts
               | using a private key? If you're going to use third party
               | systems you don't need blockchain to begin with.
               | 
               | You are not answering the question either, is this web
               | administrator the government? Are they going to serve
               | Google with a subpoena?
               | 
               | > I'm not sayin everyone using metamask can host their
               | own server, I'm saying someone who isn't using a
               | centralized entity anywhere can do it, by definition.
               | 
               | Ok fair enough, I'm not saying anybody will be using "no
               | centralized entity anywhere", not totally sure what your
               | point is. Using a centralized entity for A is equivalent
               | to using it for A+B?
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | you don't really make any sense. sorry. I already
               | addressed your points. the government point is not really
               | relevant. the point is that a web admin has recourse with
               | Google and/or government depending on the nature of the
               | activity.
               | 
               | good luck
        
               | thebean11 wrote:
               | I just don't see how "ask Google / the government to tell
               | me the identities of its customers" could be seen as a
               | positive of the current system for 99% of cases.
               | Especially given that Google likely won't even have the
               | information, especially for an account created to commit
               | serious crimes warranting NSA snooping or legal
               | intervention. Just like creating a private key, you don't
               | need a SSN or a passport to create a Google account, or
               | most other email providers.
               | 
               | I feel like you are intentionally ignoring the dangers of
               | SSO tied to a company that can unilaterally delete your
               | account, and has little incentive to unlock it or even
               | let you plead your case.
               | 
               | Cheers.
        
       | hdjjhhvvhga wrote:
       | I'm not sure about the present tense here; a conditional would
       | fit better.
        
       | IiydAbITMvJkqKf wrote:
       | This problem is currently being solved by WebAuthn. For social
       | recovery, if desired, the private key can be split up using
       | Shamir's secret sharing.
        
         | grey-area wrote:
         | Yes webauthn is a much better solution to this.
        
       | justinsaccount wrote:
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | ranger207 wrote:
       | As other comments have pointed out, there are other technical
       | solutions to decentralized identity. The blockchain doesn't solve
       | this problem any better than private keys or Persona or whatever.
       | The article acknowledges this. The problem with existing
       | solutions is not the technical problem, it's the social problem:
       | making the new solution easy to use, fixing bugs and covering
       | edge cases, and getting it deployed widely. The author claims
       | that the social problem is what Web3 solves; that Web3 is the
       | social solution counterpart to the blockchain technical solution.
       | 
       | Web3 is indeed a social solution to this social problem, but the
       | real problem with Web3 is that it's a terrible social solution.
       | Web3 (aka blockchain enthusiasts, aka cryptobros) is a community
       | comprised of on one end by true believers who believe they're
       | smarter than anyone else in the room and that anyone who brings
       | up complaints are only mad because they didn't get in when the
       | cryptocoin was cheap, and on the other end by grifters and
       | scammers who fully acknowledge that they're only in it for a
       | quick buck off the back of unsuspecting rubes.
       | 
       | This is the core problem with most crypto projects. Most
       | blockchain projects have technical problems [0], but even for the
       | few things that blockchain uniquely solves [1] the general
       | scummyness of everyone involved means that anyone advertising
       | they're solving problems with a blockchain is not someone to
       | trust your money with [2].
       | 
       | Of course, the blockchain isn't the only technology to suffer
       | this problem. Blockchain's at the top of the hype cycle right now
       | so of course it's filled with scammers. But even though Pets.com
       | may not have the most competent business, the technology behind
       | ecommerce was generally sound. Blockchain on the other hand has
       | so few useful niches that the only thing left are the hype-men.
       | 
       | [0] Eg you could use NFTs to prove ownership of IRL property, but
       | why? You're just storing a deed in a different place. It used to
       | be in a SQL server somewhere, now it's on a blockchain instead.
       | 
       | [1] That is, decentralized databases where you don't trust all
       | parties not to modify the data. But uh, with whom do you need to
       | share data that you don't trust, and how do you guarantee they're
       | not just feeding false data into it in the first place?
       | 
       | [2] I'm not implying all blockchain enthusiasts are pretentious
       | and/or scammers. Just that there's a much higher proportion of
       | them in the Web3 community than elsewhere.
        
       | ozim wrote:
       | I like how "trustless" falls through the cracks at each and any
       | of the Web3 posts I read.
       | 
       | It shows up as a marketing trick because it obviously means
       | something very specific for that crowd and it is explained
       | somewhere with a fine print.
       | 
       | I will stay with a thought that trust is not something that can
       | be solved by technology :)
        
       | JesseObrien wrote:
       | This article doesn't add up the points to anything that solves
       | for the given problem. Owning identity isn't solved by saying
       | "don't trust ${third party}! Come trust ${my preferred third
       | party}, it's better!" Any blockchain is still a third party that
       | all parties involved with need to place trust in. It isn't
       | somehow more or less trustworthy just because it exists.
       | 
       | > Many people, including myself, believe that the individual
       | should be able to own their own identity.
       | 
       | Yes, this is nice wishful thinking, but on a global scale it's
       | not really possible or feasible.
       | 
       | > OAuth2 should be used for what it was intended to, which is for
       | a web service to provide another web service with a user's data
       | given that user's consent. It should not be used as a global
       | digital identifier because that's too important to be owned by
       | anyone but the individual themselves.
       | 
       | So, instead of OAuth being in the hands of FAANG[1] it's in the
       | hands of ${blockchain-of-the-year}? How does moving the trust
       | from a centralized company to a centralized blockchain change MY
       | ownership? If I move everything away from FAANG to someone's
       | blockchain, I have no assurance that chain will continue
       | existing. If there's a flaw found in it and everyone moves to
       | another chain, now what? Sure, we can make the same claim about
       | FAANG not continuing to exist, but the point is there's no
       | inherent advantage here, they're equal. FAANG are supported by
       | millions of individuals and companies that are all, together
       | invested in their success. There's no unilateral agreement on
       | blockchains and I doubt there ever will be.
       | 
       | >With social recovery, instead of having to trust Google, you can
       | choose who you trust, and instead trust a given set of friends,
       | family, and services.
       | 
       | Again with the trust this and not that. All of my friends, family
       | and other services need to then agree that they're all going to
       | trust ${chain} instead of FAANG. It doesn't fix the problem. "the
       | blockchain" isn't just one thing. Who's chain do we all shift
       | trust to and from and based on what security? At least with
       | Google I can rely on their security because if they end up with a
       | breach of trust it's going to have a massive, real impact on
       | share prices and consumer trust around the globe. That's
       | incentive enough for me to rely on it day-to-day.
       | 
       | This article has some interesting tidbits but overall seems like
       | just a baseless rally against FAANG by someone who knows very
       | little about complex authentication or trust and security in the
       | real world.
       | 
       | [1]https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/faang-stocks.asp
        
         | svachalek wrote:
         | A properly decentralized blockchain isn't a third party in the
         | traditional sense, a human or organization that is bound to
         | follow its agreements until it doesn't feel like it anymore.
         | It's an algorithm incarnated.
         | 
         | That said, its initial and continued existence is dependent on
         | economics. Who will market a service that they don't stand to
         | profit from? Who will drive large organizations to invest in
         | infrastructure that doesn't improve their profits? Either no
         | one will, or it will be adulterated in the process. Sadly the
         | community spirit that drove a lot of early internet development
         | seems to be lost.
        
       | enos_feedler wrote:
       | The real issue for me is that I would rather have Apple sitting
       | between me and To Ty's app than a public blockchain with no
       | owners. There are just too many edge cases and circumstances
       | where I would rather have a trillion dollar company defending me,
       | a paying customer, against To Ty if the app turns on me or
       | doesn't meet my expectations.
       | 
       | me < To Ty's app + whatever they can get away with.
       | 
       | me + apple > To Ty's app.
        
       | herlitzj wrote:
       | I honestly thought this was going to be a joke post because that
       | top image is ridiculous. Maybe I'm just old, but it reads to me
       | as
       | 
       | Web 1.0: Great
       | 
       | Web 2.0: Ugh, ok
       | 
       | Web 3.0: You're serious with this?
        
         | scotu wrote:
         | I had the same thought. Imagine listing all blockchains in tiny
         | icons you scroll sideways. I suppose that can be done a lot
         | better, but still, who decides which blockchains are included
         | and which are not?
        
           | herlitzj wrote:
           | Precisely. Or what if you're some random grandma that has a
           | wallet (since we're living in a make believe world where this
           | is easy to create). Imagine you've forgotten which blockchain
           | your wallet is on. Will there be a search box to find my
           | wallet in this mess of combinatorics that is a login page?
        
         | jVinc wrote:
         | It's not Web 3.0, that was the semantic web, which also aimed
         | in some sense to be decentralized data but wasn't about turning
         | the internet itself into a vehicle for ridicules investment
         | ponzi-schemes. The "new" one is Web3
        
           | codeptualize wrote:
           | This is what bugs me most about this whole web3 situation, if
           | people want to dump their money into these ponzi-scheme pump
           | and dump bs be my guest, but then naming it web3 isn't very
           | nice.
           | 
           | To then attach all kinds of good qualities to it that are not
           | shown, nor proven, and often demonstrable incorrect just
           | finishes it off.
           | 
           | As you say, a lot of the bigger ideas claimed to be part of
           | this "new" web3 thing aren't new, and are interesting ideas
           | that should be further explored, it would be much better
           | without the ponzi sauce.
        
             | BlueTemplar wrote:
             | web3 = Web 4.0 I guess ?
             | 
             | (Just like IPv5 never got anywhere ??)
        
         | mark242 wrote:
         | The image amplifies what we already know is a fundamental
         | problem with OAuth; people, instead of forgetting their
         | username/password combo, now are forgetting which provider they
         | use to sign into a service.
         | 
         | That "Web 3.0 login" portion of the slide only makes that
         | problem worse. Decentralization and a variety of choices
         | absolutely fall apart when they meet non-tech users who have no
         | idea what icon means what.
        
         | mattlondon wrote:
         | Agreed - the UX mock up there looks awful. If you go look at
         | coinmarketcap.com there are already hundreds of coins out
         | there. Are users going to have to find their wallet from
         | hundreds/thousands on the lists? Or are maybe not all sites
         | going to support every wallet, so therefore you're going to
         | need to have multiple wallets to support multiple sites ...
         | suddenly that "consistent identity" fails as you are actually
         | juggling 20-30+ wallets for logging into different sites.
         | 
         | .... or it ends up that everyone just logs in using an ethereum
         | wallet and you're back to centralisation.
        
       | sazz wrote:
       | The major issue with the article is that the source of the
       | described problems are due to business agenda and not technology.
       | Everybody can run an OAuth2 authority but of course of only tech
       | giants have the marketing to lure everybody into their nest.
       | 
       | Technology won't fix greed which drives business.
        
       | astoor wrote:
       | IndieAuth[0] is an open standard decentralised authentication
       | protocol which doesn't need blockchain or cryptocurrency.
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IndieAuth and
       | https://indieweb.org/IndieAuth
        
       | Traster wrote:
       | I'm glad someone took the time to write this. I think it's quite
       | interesting that the prime example picked here is UI issue. The
       | author freely admits that the "web3" solution is basically just
       | private keys with better UI. I'm not all that up to date on web3
       | stuff, but... it's not UI.
       | 
       | The quote from Vitalik is great though - the goal of crypto is to
       | let people make all the same mistakes and find out single central
       | authorities actually have been established for a reason.
        
         | codeptualize wrote:
         | I do think a lot of these things go round the circle then end
         | up on the same solutions we had before.
         | 
         | Coinbase is a nice example; turns out it's quite nice if some
         | sort of company that protects your money, makes sure you don't
         | loose access to it, provides you with insurance in case
         | something goes wrong, and lets you easily send, trade, and
         | convert money. Such a revolutionary idea, right?
        
       | somewhereoutth wrote:
       | I suppose blockchain can be a mechanism for the reification of
       | pure information. So turning something that only has a value,
       | into something that has a unique identity that can be 'pointed
       | to'.
       | 
       | In the real world I might have a physical key (or some other
       | interesting object) - there is exactly one of it and it exists in
       | exactly one place (though of course I can create copies - but
       | they are new objects).
       | 
       | In the virtual world this is a bit harder to construct and
       | enforce - information is entirely ephemeral, and has no concrete
       | existence or place. Maybe blockchain can provide that (in the
       | context of the chain only of course).
        
       | KaiserPro wrote:
       | So the main selling point to "rational" people is that you can
       | connect your wallet to websites?
       | 
       | As in potentially link your income to every site you want access
       | to?
       | 
       | If I wanted to do micro transactions, and let everyone drain my
       | bank account, I'd not have 2fa on, use my real name, address DoB
       | for things.
        
       | mexicanandre wrote:
       | All these "web 2" companies are going to create their own "web 3"
       | services that will only work on their own product, and we have
       | overly complicated solutions to an issue which didn't really need
       | solving.
       | 
       | Can't wait for my reddit or meta tokens which have a zero value.
        
       | rbanffy wrote:
       | I was fully expecting to see an empty HTML page.
       | 
       | Correct me if I'm wrong, but the only new idea here is to use a
       | ledger to hold public keys associated with an identity. You could
       | add keys by signing a new key with one of the previously globally
       | accepted ones proving you are that entity and the same would go
       | for removing a lost one, by signing a new message with all the
       | remaining keys.
       | 
       | Having a key copied without your knowledge would be a major
       | disaster, however.
       | 
       | Apart from that, this is not very different from using keys in
       | SSH and providing a challenge/response login form would be very
       | simple.
        
         | betwixthewires wrote:
         | It's not about using a ledger to hold public keys. The keys
         | exist regardless of the ledger. The idea is to use the ledger
         | to indisputably prove ownership or control over resources.
         | Could be money, could be access to certain services, could be
         | files, anything.
         | 
         | Also, the ledger doesn't have to be public.
        
           | rbanffy wrote:
           | If the ledger is not public, why would I trust it? If someone
           | else claims they are you, how would I differentiate the
           | conflicting claims?
        
             | betwixthewires wrote:
             | Keys are identities. Someone claiming to be you doesn't
             | matter. Always defer to keys.
             | 
             | A non public ledger would be something agreed upon by
             | participants only. So you and I and 5 other people for
             | example could run some type of organization using some
             | private way to keep track of state. You _choose_ to trust
             | it, if you don 't, then don't use it.
        
             | numtel wrote:
             | Messages are signed by cryptographic signatures so nobody
             | can claim to be you.
             | 
             | This is how JWTs and many other protocols ensure message
             | authenticity.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | Nobody can claim they own the key you claim you owned,
               | but, unless you have a person-to-key map somewhere, my
               | claim I'm you is as good as yours.
        
               | mattlondon wrote:
               | > nobody can claim to be you.
               | 
               | Nobody can claim _to have your private key_ , but they
               | can sure as hell claim to be you.
               | 
               | We won't know who the real numtel ever is without some
               | real-world proof and verification. This is where a lot of
               | this crypto-based stuff starts to crumble: sure the
               | mathematics of the cryptography works well _on chain_ ,
               | but there is a very limited set of things that exist 100%
               | purely on the blockchain - as soon as you need to go off
               | of the blockchain for anything (e.g. proving human
               | identity, proving ownership of a physical asset like a
               | house etc) then you're back to the same old problems
               | we've always had of having to prove
               | identity/ownership/whatever, and you cant use a
               | cryptographic hash to prove that I own the apple I am
               | eating right now ... perhaps you can prove that I own
               | _an_ apple, but can you prove I own _this_ apple?
        
         | iskander wrote:
         | A lot of these "this is not very different from X, you could do
         | Y" replies remind me of the original Dropbox news.yc thread.
         | 
         | What everyone seems to be missing is that the web3 apps and UI
         | conventions already have broad adoption among millions of only
         | mildly techy users. They don't know what SSH is but they do
         | know how to sign things with their in-browser wallet app. Of
         | course, they also seem to not always know that giving away your
         | private keys is quite bad...
         | 
         | But any "solution" that requires e.g. using the terminal is not
         | really competing in the same space.
        
           | johnny22 wrote:
           | I hate all this "web3" stuff by default, but this is so
           | important to remember so you don't miss out on what actually
           | makes it through the hype cycle.
        
           | rbanffy wrote:
           | > But any "solution" that requires e.g. using the terminal is
           | not really competing in the same space.
           | 
           | The UI required for that is something that can be done in a
           | couple minutes. The heavy lifting is done by libraries
           | provided with the OS.
        
             | iskander wrote:
             | And Dropbox was trivially just rsync...
             | 
             | Yet, crypto wallets remain the only cryptographic signature
             | UI that normal people interact with.
        
       | ryan93 wrote:
       | What's the recourse if you lose your private key?
        
       | nateburke wrote:
       | Great post!
       | 
       | This definitely has me thinking more about the extent to which
       | the strength of a particular identity representation is
       | determined by our willingness to bind artifacts of value to it.
        
       | dathinab wrote:
       | Most web2 apps supports a smaller number of SSO providers.
       | 
       | Technically "independent" SSO providers and similar existed, but
       | non made it mainstream because there was no reason for App's to
       | support them, but there was cost to support them.
       | 
       | There is even less reason IMHO for most App's to support Web3
       | login (more complexity).
       | 
       | Furthermore even if they do the web3 login would probably still
       | list Google etc. as the web2 login still lists email.
       | 
       | It's questionable that more than one maybe two blockchains will
       | be supported.
       | 
       | It's likely that often only a small number of wallets will be
       | supported, it's also likely that "bigtech" companies like google
       | will provide web3 logins if it becomes successful.
       | 
       | So, it might happen. But I don't see it tbh.
       | 
       | There is just no reason to go the extra length to support web3
       | login for most Apps/Companies.
       | 
       | EDIT: Also trust of the general public into anything containing
       | the word "crypto" or "blockchain" is constantly undermined by an
       | endless slew of scams, and money grabbing schemes. Which can hurt
       | adoption of web3 login.
        
         | spinny wrote:
         | > It's questionable that more than one maybe two blockchains
         | will be supported
         | 
         | You don't really need a blockchain unless you need to keep data
         | on a blockchain. To login and identify a user you can simply
         | sign a message. I consider the address as the user "identity".
         | Any blockchain data related to that address is mean to be
         | public (some people register <some-name>.eth on the ENS for
         | example)
        
       | jdlshore wrote:
       | Several years ago, Mozilla/Firefox created "Persona," which was
       | an open-source federated identity system that provided all the
       | benefits described here. The idea was that it would eventually be
       | built into browsers. I used it on a commercial site myself for
       | many years.
       | 
       | It failed to gain traction, and Mozilla eventually pulled the
       | plug.
       | 
       | Persona had many advantages over the Web3 vision described in
       | this article. It was painless for a new user to create an
       | account, because Mozilla provided a default identity server. It
       | was easy for a website owner to set up, because Mozilla provided
       | a JavaScript shim that worked on any browser. And it didn't rely
       | on a wasteful and slow distributed ledger.
       | 
       | Despite these advantages, Persona failed. I don't see how a
       | blockchain-based approach, with so many disadvantages compared to
       | Persona, could possibly succeed outside of the blockchain
       | enthusiast community. And, on a technical level, a federated
       | approach seems innumerably simpler and less wasteful than a
       | blockchain-based approach.
        
         | gillesjacobs wrote:
         | Cryptocurrency ecosystems have the advantage of economic
         | incentivization and if they're decentralised, uncensorability.
         | 
         | Those are two major advantages.
        
           | mattlondon wrote:
           | > uncensorability
           | 
           | I suspect that this will be a major issue in the long-run.
           | Once these sort of crypto-based logins become synonymous with
           | CP and terrorism, they're going to be shunned by the average
           | person on the street.
           | 
           | Yes yes yes, people use email and whatsapp for the same, but
           | at least there is the _option_ for Google and Facebook to
           | censor or block /ban those users (and it feels like there is
           | increasing legal/legislational tension to try and compel the
           | tech giants to _actually do something_ in this area). You
           | cannot say the same about an indelible blockchain.
        
             | ilogik wrote:
             | if I run an online service, and you login with web3, if
             | you're an asshole, I can still ban your "indelible" account
        
               | mattlondon wrote:
               | Yep - so there all these claims about no censorship or
               | gatekeeping etc are clearly bullshit.
        
         | superfrank wrote:
         | > Despite these advantages, Persona failed. I don't see how a
         | blockchain-based approach, with so many disadvantages compared
         | to Persona, could possibly succeed outside of the blockchain
         | enthusiast community. And, on a technical level, a federated
         | approach seems innumerably simpler and less wasteful than a
         | blockchain-based approach.
         | 
         | Sometimes it's all about being in the right place, at the right
         | time, with the right amount of hype. Inferior technologies win
         | out all the time.
         | 
         | That being said, if (major if) auth through web3 did take off,
         | I wouldn't be surprised if over time it slowly creeped back
         | toward a solution that doesn't use blockchain since a non-
         | blockchain solution would probably be simpler, cheaper, and
         | faster.
        
           | iskander wrote:
           | For all of its flaws, I find the web3 space fun...but I'm
           | also hoping that some of the non-financialized use cases move
           | to other kinds of distributed algorithms, like Hypercore
           | (https://hypercore-protocol.org/).
           | 
           | Even if the technological ideal comes to fruition in a few
           | years (sharded modular proof-of-stake consensus blockchains
           | with zero-knowledge rollups and dedicated data availability
           | layers), it will still eternally remain enmeshed with
           | speculation and scamming. I think there's a narrow time and
           | place for the speculative assets but wouldn't want that
           | interwoven throughout the fabric of everything online.
        
         | nathias wrote:
         | federated systems are bad, they combine the negatives of
         | centralized and decentralized systems it is no wonder that they
         | fail repeatedly
        
           | zingplex wrote:
           | Perhaps, but I think in this case what killed Persona was
           | lack of adoption and interest from the public, nothing
           | inherent to the actual technology
        
             | nathias wrote:
             | Yea, but that's kind of my point. Actually decentralized
             | software is just out there and you can use it if you find a
             | use case for yourself, there is no one that would shut it
             | down if it isn't popular enough.
        
           | pkulak wrote:
           | They fail because they are in the best interest of users, not
           | corporations.
        
         | hffft wrote:
         | > Persona had many advantages over the Web3
         | 
         | it has none now ;)
        
         | whywhywhywhy wrote:
         | > I don't see how a blockchain-based approach, with so many
         | disadvantages compared to Persona, could possibly succeed
         | outside of the blockchain enthusiast community
         | 
         | What's in it for the user to sign up for persona? Nothing
         | 
         | What's in it for the user to get a crypto wallet? Money
         | 
         | There's your answer.
        
           | yosito wrote:
           | I don't know. Brave promised me money, and I still haven't
           | gotten anything of significant value from that.
        
             | Hoasi wrote:
             | I have about $100 in BAT from the initial Brave giveaway,
             | even though I almost never use Brave aside from testing.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | Really? BAT was pretty profitable. Showing me a few ads as
             | desktop notifications paid for a lot of my transaction
             | costs in the early days. I just looked, BAT is up 754% over
             | all time.
        
               | yosito wrote:
               | Twice, on different devices, I tried Brave as my default
               | browser for month with ads turned on, and both times
               | after a month of clicking on ads, the browser still said
               | I had 0.0 BAT.
        
         | itsdrewmiller wrote:
         | One possible advantage web3 has over Persona is that it is not
         | under the control of Mozilla or whatever foundation Mozilla set
         | up to address those very predictable concerns. Being
         | distributed might help it gain early adopter mindshare which
         | could lead to future UX improvements. (Not saying I believe
         | this will definitely happen, just that Persona failing isn't a
         | guarantee of failure here.)
        
           | enos_feedler wrote:
           | This doesn't explain why Persona didn't work. Unless we
           | understand why it didn't work and show how web3 alleviates
           | the problem, how is anyone to believe a web3 login system
           | will work? You could also ask what has changed since Persona
           | tried and failed? In other words, why now?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | jdlshore wrote:
           | Persona wasn't under the control of Mozilla, either. You
           | could still use it today, if you were willing to set up your
           | own identity server, and if you could find any websites that
           | supported it.
        
           | jdgoesmarching wrote:
           | That's a lot of words to say "this will have better marketing
           | thanks to crypto hype."
           | 
           | Seems to be the selling point of most web3 and blockchain
           | solutions once you brush the buzzwords off the copy.
        
           | gjulianm wrote:
           | If it only were Persona the thing that failed... But I've
           | seen quite a lot of attempts at federated identity and turns
           | out people don't care too much about that. People just want
           | to login to whatever site to do things. Login with
           | Twitter/FB/whatever is offered to reduce login friction, not
           | because people think of them as identity providers. Offering
           | "another identity provider" is solving the part of the
           | problem most users really don't care for.
        
         | scotu wrote:
         | Agreed. This comes down to lack of power to push a system onto
         | it's potential users, mozilla didn't have a userbase large
         | enough nor could incentivize 3rd parties to force onto their
         | users. You could argue if the ux was good it would have just
         | succeeded, but I think that's bs. Funds are the number one
         | predictor of success of anything.
         | 
         | My worry with the blockchain is that now it has VCs that are
         | going to pump so much funds in it to keep it spinning and force
         | everybody to use it because you need that service, and now (in
         | the future) it's only provided through the blockchain (because
         | the alternative off-chain company cannot raise funds so it
         | doesn't exist, it fails, or it's a worse experience).
        
         | carlosdp wrote:
         | I joined the team at Mozilla that developed Persona as an
         | intern, just as they closed it down.
         | 
         | Persona failed because it was fighting against a head-wind of
         | an already established trend of using Google/FB OAuth2, without
         | giving the _service provider_ any new benefits. There was no
         | incentive for a website to actually implement Persona, since it
         | was just another auth provider and users weren 't using it.
         | Users didn't use it because no one implemented it. Chicken and
         | egg.
         | 
         | Websites that integrate web3 wallet login _do_ get something
         | new: built-in, straightforward payment rails.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | throwaway92873 wrote:
         | The Persona team approached the company I was working for,
         | asking us to add Persona login alongside our other login
         | options. Mozilla came to us because we had a huge web presence
         | at the time (about the size of Wordpress, let's say). We
         | discussed it internally and ultimately rejected their request.
         | We were going through a re-org and just didn't have anyone to
         | spare. We were also rewriting the component where the login
         | would live, and this would have been out of scope.
         | 
         | Looking back, I now see that not volunteering myself for the
         | challenge was one of the biggest mistakes I've made in my
         | career. It was one of those rare opportunities to make a
         | difference.
         | 
         | I also wonder why nobody has tried it since. It's a simple
         | approach, but you'd need a good security team backed by a
         | trusted organization to make an implementation credible.
        
           | dane-pgp wrote:
           | > I also wonder why nobody has tried it since.
           | 
           | For what it's worth, the vision does live on and people are
           | working on developing web standards that get us closer
           | towards it. One example is the W3C's "Credential Management
           | Level 1" from 2019, which specifically references[0]
           | Mozilla's work:
           | 
           | "The API defined here does the bare minimum to expose user
           | agent's credential managers to the web, and allows the web to
           | help those credential managers understand when federated
           | identity providers are in use. The next logical step will be
           | along the lines sketched in documents like [WEB-LOGIN] (and,
           | to some extent, Mozilla's BrowserID [BROWSERID])."
           | 
           | More recently, in fact, today, I see there is a "Federated
           | Credential Management API" draft published,[1] which has the
           | goal of:
           | 
           | "enabling a website to request a users [sic] federated
           | credentials from a user agent, and to help the user agent
           | store the users [sic] federated credentials for future use."
           | 
           | [0] https://www.w3.org/TR/credential-management-1/#teh-futur
           | 
           | [1] https://wicg.github.io/FedCM/
        
         | w-j-w wrote:
        
       | mwattsun wrote:
       | I'm reading this with an open mind, but I have questions:
       | 
       | > Problem #1: Owning Your Own Digital Identity & Fixing
       | Authentication
       | 
       | My very technical friends who are security minded are on
       | keybase.io. Multiple usernames and passwords across the internet
       | is solved in various ways without blockchain. There are a lot of
       | good password managers (I use and encrypted text file.) I don't
       | feel Google owns my identity because I use their authentication
       | system, so unless I'm missing something, I don't see a problem.
       | 
       | > enables advanced features like social recovery, which lets you
       | recover your account if you lose your key via a smart contract
       | that takes votes from guardians (friends or paid services).
       | 
       | > The idea here is that you could give keys to your friends and
       | family, or to some sort of business service, then if you lose
       | your key, use your friends to "vouch" for you and move the
       | account to a new key.
       | 
       | This doesn't seem very workable in a practical sense. It seems
       | like this could be spoofed fairly easily or the business service
       | gets hacked
        
         | thebean11 wrote:
         | > This doesn't seem very workable in a practical sense. It
         | seems like this could be spoofed fairly easily or the business
         | service gets hacked
         | 
         | You could give keys to two businesses / people and require them
         | both to agree before they can "unlock" the account. You could
         | also add a timelock, so you have time to respond if they get
         | hacked or collude against you.
         | 
         | These aren't really new ideas and exist in existing, non-crypto
         | social recovery schemes.
        
         | llbeansandrice wrote:
         | > The idea here is that you could give keys to your friends and
         | family, or to some sort of business service, then if you lose
         | your key, use your friends to "vouch" for you and move the
         | account to a new key.
         | 
         | Facebook already has this functionality and it's an absolutely
         | massive pain if you're somehow not on their happy path. With no
         | real way to figure out what the issue is and get it fixed or on
         | the happy path.
        
         | YXNjaGVyZWdlbgo wrote:
         | Alone the audacity to think a single point of failure without
         | any chance of recovery is a good idea for persona management in
         | the real world is insane.
        
       | choward wrote:
       | I was expecting a blank page.
        
       | riddleronroof wrote:
       | Not to be _that_ HN poster, But wouldn't pgp key browser plug-in
       | do just as well?
        
       | lern_too_spel wrote:
       | My question with any blockchain application is always what does
       | it solve that a centralized trusted database doesn't solve faster
       | and with less waste? You can implement social recovery in a
       | centralized database with less waste.
        
         | dylkil wrote:
         | trustless, immutable, censorship resistant, permissionless.
        
       | StrLght wrote:
       | What's even the difference between <<owning your digital
       | identity>> with email/password vs any other authentication
       | method? Why does it even matter [0]? You don't own any data
       | connected to that digital identity [1]. I might be a bit on a
       | radical side here, but to me it's either you own everything or
       | you own nothing. There's no in-between.
       | 
       | [0] Except for OAuth since OAuth provider could ban you at any
       | time.
       | 
       | [1] Until it's encrypted with your own public key and isn't
       | stored anywhere in plaintext. Which can't be 100% guaranteed with
       | any proprietary 3rd party service.
        
       | mattlondon wrote:
       | > We need some way of saying "who we are" on the internet in a
       | consistent manner. That way we can communicate with others in a
       | verified way and associate with digital data that we own. We also
       | often need that data to be interoperable between different web
       | properties.
       | 
       | Do we really need this? Do we really want to permanently tie
       | identity across websites like this? I find this initial
       | "need"/justification/requirement questionable.
       | 
       | I have a login on HN that is totally unique to e.g. Twitter and
       | Instagram and <shudder> LinkedIn. Same with work vs personal.
       | This is deliberate. I do not want to have the same identity here
       | as I do elsewhere. There are many hopefully obvious reasons for
       | this - mostly privacy (both in terms of immediate "in the moment"
       | privacy, but also temporal privacy in the sense that I might not
       | want some potentially ill-advised comments I made on some website
       | 15 years ago to come back and bite me), but also it offers
       | protections against "cancel culture" and general cyber-stalking
       | and doxxing etc as that would become a whole lot easier if you
       | can just run some query on a blockchain and find every single
       | website I've ever used and dredge up my comments/content/etc.
       | Being able to do that sounds _very_ dystopian to me - why don 't
       | we just tattoo a barcode on our necks and be done with it?
        
         | lamontcg wrote:
         | Yeah I think it is mostly businesses that think this is a huge
         | problem to solve to have identities matched across everything
         | seamlessly.
         | 
         | Mostly what I care about is logins and payments which are
         | addressed by password managers and form filling for credit
         | cards. I just want a friction free experience for setting up an
         | account, logging back into it, and maybe purchasing something.
         | 
         | And ideally I'd like to self-host, maybe with a service that
         | looked like a NAS appliance hanging off a guest network on my
         | router with a forwarded port through the firewall and some
         | method for tracking my IP address (dyndns or similarish).
         | 
         | And ideally payments happen by a handshake between the service
         | I run, the processor and the merchant in a way that my actual
         | credit card details are never used. And for recurring payments
         | I have the ability to just switch them off. Bringing all the
         | control back to me and not leaking out reusable PII everywhere.
         | 
         | Of course corporations would aggressively hate that since it
         | would destroy their business models of recurring payments for
         | services the user is no longer using and the requirement of
         | calling up the business and having to convince some phone
         | operator that you really want to cancel.
        
           | mattlondon wrote:
           | > Yeah I think it is mostly businesses that think this is a
           | huge problem to solve to have identities matched across
           | everything seamlessly.
           | 
           | Your comment just gave me a thought - just imagine the online
           | advertisers using this for tracking purposes!
           | 
           | At the risk of spreading FUD, it would not surprise me to
           | learn that perhaps this web3 thing is being fuelled/funded by
           | the existing crop of online advertising networks or their
           | close associates? (or at the _very least_ they are watching
           | this situation develop with an incredibly close level of
           | detail)
           | 
           | Who needs cookies if you have a 100% reliable & long-lived
           | (potentially immortal?) ID that the user takes with them
           | everywhere they go online (and is the same on every site they
           | visit) and for every purchase they make (using that wallet)
           | online and offline?
           | 
           | This would be advertising networks' _absolute dream
           | situation_ if it becomes widespread - users voluntarily
           | creating their own unique tracking fingerprint and using it
           | on all the sites they visit, as well as helpfully logging all
           | of their purchases they make with that ID on a public ledger
           | that anyone can mine the data from.
           | 
           | It really does not get much better for the online advertising
           | industry than that.
           | 
           | If you want a cynical take on web3 and are looking for your
           | next billion dollar startup idea, then web3 ad tracking &
           | targeting might be your best bet :)
        
         | pkulak wrote:
         | Private keys are cheap to make. There's no reason you couldn't
         | have a different one for every site. Of course, then it's on
         | you to keep track of them, but it's already on you to keep
         | track of the credentials you're using now. At least this way,
         | the default of "use the same creds everywhere" is secure, if
         | not more private.
        
           | thebean11 wrote:
           | This is already solved by existing crypto wallet tooling too,
           | you can create an infinite number of keys all derived from a
           | single root key (usually a 12-20 word phrase in modern
           | wallets). A service with access to a single child public or
           | even private key can't tie them to the sibling keys.
        
         | DeepYogurt wrote:
         | I agree that we don't need unique identities across everything,
         | but even if that is a real problem it is also solved by public
         | key cryptography without a requirement of a blockchain.
        
           | djohnston wrote:
           | Sure but the blockchain env like Ethereum gives you that for
           | free along with a few slick chrome extensions like Metamask
           | and a JS library (web3.js) that make all of this super easy
           | to build on.
           | 
           | You don't need to make any transactions or whatever, but
           | you're inheriting all these tools for free.
        
             | tchock23 wrote:
             | The reviews on the metamask chrome extension are pretty
             | scary. And it has access to view all data on all sites you
             | visit. Is there a better way?
        
         | betwixthewires wrote:
         | So the thing about this is that there is no need to
         | _permanently_ tie identity across _all_ sites and services you
         | used (and provide), rather, the ability to do so when and where
         | you need to do it.
         | 
         | There's nothing requiring a user to use the same identity
         | across every service they interact with, but the option should
         | be there. I wouldn't want my matrix username(s) and my
         | fediverse account(s) tied to my HN username(s), but I might
         | want a github/gitlab/codeberg account tied to a
         | social/messaging account while having different "personas" for
         | different applications. Overall it's a useful tool to have in
         | your belt, so long as it doesn't limit you in other ways.
        
           | mattlondon wrote:
           | So if you are not going to go whole-hog and have one true
           | identity for everything, why bother using anything apart from
           | an email address?
           | 
           | The argument seems to be that consistency allows you to prove
           | ownership and re-use all of your content etc across the web
           | by tying everything back to one verified identity. If you are
           | having different identities on different sites then that
           | benefit disappears, and I fail to see how it is then any
           | better than using email addresses? You end up with different
           | wallet IDs each with their own island of content, just like
           | you have with email addresses.
           | 
           | Sure you could chose to "move" content with one of your many
           | identities by just logging in with the ID (presumably losing
           | all of your existing content), but we have copy-paste for
           | that already (and I am only half-joking saying that...)
        
             | wan23 wrote:
             | Email addresses aren't really good for this. It's really
             | easy to sign up for a service with someone else's email
             | address, for example. Sure, if that person ever finds out
             | they can potentially claim ownership of the account through
             | a password reset, but it doesn't erase the fact that you
             | have been using their "identity" for some time.
        
               | mattlondon wrote:
               | Is this still a thing though? Pretty much everything I've
               | used in the past 10-15 years has required email
               | validation before allowing you to do anything meaningful.
               | 
               | Either way though, I don't see how an account claiming to
               | be "wan23" would be any more trustworthy to me as created
               | off of the back of an email account or off of a wallet ID
               | - I still have no idea (nor do I care) who you are.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | > Email addresses aren't really good for this. It's
               | really easy to sign up for a service with someone else's
               | email address, for example. Sure, if that person ever
               | finds out they can potentially claim ownership of the
               | account through a password reset, but it doesn't erase
               | the fact that you have been using their "identity" for
               | some time.
               | 
               | This is also true of a private key, in fact it's
               | literally the same scenario...
        
       | yob89 wrote:
        
       | roca wrote:
       | I'm open to the idea that there are real problems that are best
       | solved by PoW/PoS blockchains and smart contracts, so I was
       | hoping this article would reveal one. It doesn't. As mentioned
       | elsewhere, Persona was already a perfectly good technical
       | solution to this, years ago. It failed for various reasons, none
       | of which would be addressed by blockchains/smart contracts.
       | Likewise, the problem of "conveniently and securely log in
       | everywhere" is well solved by Webauthn.
       | 
       | Arguing that "web3" will help because it will improve _UX_ is
       | ludicrous.  "web3" provides nothing directly to boost UX. "web3
       | hype means there's lots of money sloshing around which can be
       | used to improve UX" is an admission of defeat; all the money
       | being sucked into the crypto space could be better deployed to
       | solve these problems directly.
       | 
       | If this is the best shot at "real problems web3 solves", then
       | there really is nothing there :-(.
        
       | armchairhacker wrote:
       | tldr; this article describes one problem that a blockchain solves
       | better than existing non-blockchain solutions (identity).
       | 
       | My issue with the article is that it uses a lot of words to try
       | to explain why web3 and blockchain _may_ be the future. But for
       | what point? If an important technology comes around which happens
       | to use web3 or blockchain, i'll see it's important from its
       | description and i'll adopt it. I don't need to support "web3" as
       | a concept, because web3 basically means nothing. And i don't
       | think that web3 or blockchain is intrinsically bad, i just
       | haven't seen anything particularly useful with those technologies
       | yet.
        
       | linseed_213 wrote:
       | Are there security/UX risks with users getting used to using
       | their wallet for auth ? It's difficult to know a safe vs.
       | potentially unsafe site when it comes to crypto. Reading the
       | docs, it appears to be relatively limited permissions, but either
       | by giving more permissions than desired or phishing? Or can they
       | combine the authentication with additional information to become
       | a more effective spearphishing target?
       | 
       | If my email account is phished or hacked, it's bad, but there's a
       | level between my cash and my email account. If I make a mistake
       | here, potential losses are higher. In which case I'd probably
       | have a 2nd wallet for auth and another I actually use, which then
       | becomes more of a pain. I don't trust my parents or less
       | technical relatives to use this flow safely.
        
       | gdsdfe wrote:
       | unless you're running your own servers, you don't own nothing ...
       | you still going to be tied to a 3rd party that does that for you.
       | This is what the web3 crowd don't want to understand, they will
       | keep telling you : big tech ruined the internet bla bla bla
       | switch to us because we are decentralized and you own your own
       | data, ok ... but if anyone wants to use it or access it they need
       | to go through us
        
       | larsrc wrote:
       | I like the "social wallet" idea, though no blockchain is needed
       | for that. But there's a real danger that if enough of your
       | friends get compromised, you can get compromised as well, and
       | that can snowball. And most people would not be secure enough. So
       | you'd want to have someone more secure as part of your "social
       | set" - a large organization that actually does serious security.
       | But then you're again depending on some large organization. You
       | could require at least one of several large organizations, but
       | that in turn reduces security.
        
       | dmitriid wrote:
       | Article: web3 solves decentralized auth, and you are now in
       | control!
       | 
       | Also article: to use it, you need to trust a centralized entity
       | like Metamask that develops your Chrome extension and some
       | unknown programmers that code some "smart contracts" aka
       | unverifiable code in esoteric programming languages.
       | 
       | Also article: look! a solution! it's better!
        
       | erosenbe0 wrote:
       | He isn't describing the true state of the world. Banks,
       | brokerages, mortgage providers, and medical entities mostly don't
       | use oauth2 and won't use this stuff either.
       | 
       | The world is still old school.
       | 
       | Grandpa dies and I go find the paper will.
       | 
       | I get an affidavit from a lawyer and a death certificate with a
       | seal from the state.
       | 
       | I go into the bank with a bunch of papers and they figure out
       | what to do.
       | 
       | There isn't a chain of trust that the state uploads a PK signed
       | death certificate to, which in conjunction with a PK signed 'will
       | and trust' then triggers a preexisting blockchain contract to
       | effect the asset transfer.
       | 
       | This is 20 or 30 years off. Maybe 10 or 15 in China.
        
         | weego wrote:
         | It's forever off because it's the wrong solution to a problem
         | that no one is invested in even fully identifying let alone
         | working at.
         | 
         | My hot-take parallel argument is that full self driving is a
         | smart road problem with 'dumber' cars and not a dumb road and
         | smart cars problem. But there's no scope to VC of profit your
         | way into smart road infrastructure so we do it the wrong way
         | round and hope we can throw resources at it till its fixed.
        
       | thesuperbigfrog wrote:
       | Why can't this be done with existing public key cryptography?
        
         | meheleventyone wrote:
         | There's even a standard for doing this with WebAuthn.
        
           | iskander wrote:
           | ...which has effectively neither adoption not momentum to
           | achieve adoption:
           | https://sec.okta.com/articles/2020/04/webauthn-great-and-
           | it-...
           | 
           | For better or worse, there are a large (and ever growing)
           | number of Metamask users these days...
        
             | meheleventyone wrote:
             | Absolutely, but let's not pretend this is some magic
             | technology that only cryptocurrency can solve. Nor is it
             | clear cut that we'll see adoption of wallet logins outside
             | of crypto circles.
        
         | cle wrote:
         | The author discusses this explicitly in the article.
        
         | dylkil wrote:
         | It can. The biggest success of crypto has been putting
         | public/private key pairs in the hands of 10s of millions of
         | people.
        
         | spinny wrote:
         | It can. It just happens that the easiest way to achieve this is
         | using web3, even if there is no blockchains involved. The
         | article is about login methods, not cryptos or web3
        
           | jeroenhd wrote:
           | > It just happens that the easiest way to achieve this is
           | using web3
           | 
           | Is it? U2F is actually rolling out to more and more websites
           | but I've never seen any website offer to log in with a
           | dropdown for cryptocurrencies
        
             | spinny wrote:
             | websites that are related to cryptos do it, others
             | generally don't. try dappradar.com/ for example
        
       | vanusa wrote:
       | Great - now I'm forced to be on some blockchain somewhere to get
       | anything done.
       | 
       | This is progress?
        
         | spinny wrote:
         | You are missing the point. The article is about login methods.
         | Username/password vs message signed with a private key. The
         | blockchain part is there because is the only ready-to-use way
         | to do it in an browser.
         | 
         | It's absurd how HN users in general are so dismissive of
         | anything cryptocurrency
        
           | vanusa wrote:
           | My point was usability. And being (effectively) forced to
           | join / legitimize their hive to get anything done.
           | 
           |  _It 's absurd how HN users in general are so dismissive of
           | anything cryptocurrency._
           | 
           | It's quite reasonable actually, given the prevalence of not
           | just hype, but frequently delusional / just plain rambling
           | and incoherent hype surrounding it -- not to mention blatant
           | fraud and manipulation aimed specifically at unsophisticated
           | users.
           | 
           | And the skivviness of many people involved in it.
           | 
           | That said, the OP presents one of the more thoughtful
           | proposals I've read recently, and may belong to the 5 percent
           | or so of blockchain applications that just might have a
           | useful application. With emphasis on "just might".
           | 
           | We'll see.
        
             | spinny wrote:
             | > My point was usability. And being (effectively) forced to
             | join / legitimize their hive to get anything done
             | 
             | I agree with you on this. For the purpose of login in with
             | a private key, i would prefer some browser extension (or
             | built in the browser) that generates a key from a seed
             | (like a crypto wallet) and only does that. This doesn't
             | exist at this point.
             | 
             | > ... not to mention blatant fraud and manipulation aimed
             | specifically and unsophisticated users
             | 
             | Also agree, but probably for different reasons. Many people
             | on twitter have the tendency to be mean, twitter doesn't
             | make people mean, but it amplifies it. There is so many
             | scams and manipulation because scammers and con artists
             | always existed and people's greed for that 100x token and
             | so does the scamming
             | 
             | The speed of communication that the internet gave us also
             | serves as an amplifier of the ugliness of human nature
        
               | jeroenhd wrote:
               | > For the purpose of login in with a private key, i would
               | prefer some browser extension (or built in the browser)
               | that generates a key from a seed (like a crypto wallet)
               | and only does that. This doesn't exist at this point.
               | 
               | What about
               | https://www.yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview/ or
               | https://cloud.google.com/titan-security-key/ or
               | https://krypt.co/ (before it was acquired, I still use it
               | though) or any of it's equivalents?
        
       | evrydayhustling wrote:
       | I like the starting focus on identity. Imagine if emails to you
       | were authenticated by a token that you authorized by logging in,
       | and could revoke at any time. In a Web2 world, features like this
       | get created by Google, Apple or whomever inventing a permissions
       | system that works on their platform -- and serves their product
       | goals. In a Web3 world where you issue identity tokens, you can
       | revoke them arbitrarily, so if your identity is shared you can
       | trace and revoke at the root. Services move from worrying about
       | how to game Apple's privacy model to how to avoid a ban that
       | remains strictly in your control.
        
         | KarlKemp wrote:
         | ...and in a Web 1 beta II world this was already done by PGP in
         | 1991. Granted, it never achieved mainstream adoption because
         | it's somewhat cumbersome and solves a problem people do not
         | actually experience. Sort-of like everything blockchain, one
         | might say.
        
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