[HN Gopher] DIY Off-Grid Solar Power
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       DIY Off-Grid Solar Power
        
       Author : wglb
       Score  : 282 points
       Date   : 2021-12-26 01:42 UTC (21 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.mobile-solarpower.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.mobile-solarpower.com)
        
       | thot_experiment wrote:
       | NGL I think I have a pretty efficient setup and I'm in the
       | process of installing a 4th panel (bringing my total to 1220W)
       | because 915W isn't really cutting it for winter power now that
       | I'm not spending time outside much. My quiescent draw/day is
       | about 500Wh just doing nothing (fridge + internet) and on a
       | cloudy day I'll make maybe 800Wh with the current setup. I don't
       | think 800W of panels will let you power anything you want during
       | winter.
       | 
       | I'm also working on a way to bring power in from my alternator
       | but unfortunately I think I'm going to have to invert in the
       | engine bay and rectify feeding into my MPPT controller to avoid
       | running some absurdly thicc wire to carry a few hundred watts at
       | 12 volts.
        
         | t0mas88 wrote:
         | You could get a 12v to 48v DC converter on the car side of
         | things. That already helps a lot in cable thickness.
        
       | wolfi1 wrote:
       | DIY solar power? I would have imagined a step by step instruction
       | guide for a Gratzel-cell
        
       | mkeespiet wrote:
       | Together with my girlfriend I'm planning a trip. Driving from the
       | Netherlands to South Africa and back with an EV. We want to
       | charge the car with solar panels we bring with us. See our
       | website for more details: www.4x4electric.com
       | 
       | Challenge for now: how to charge the car with ~60m2 of flexible
       | solar panels. We need a threephase offgrid solar system, but did
       | not find a suitable solution yet.
       | 
       | Any ideas?
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Wow, that sounds like quite the adventure. Have a 'plan B' in
         | place in case your gear gets damaged or stolen.
        
         | roeles wrote:
         | <dutch>Leuk idee!</dutch>
         | 
         | Perhaps it makes sense to have a chat with Solar Team
         | Eindhoven/Twente/Delft? Or have a chat with the people at
         | Lightyear. They have a lot of former teammembers.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | That's a great idea, it might even lead to contact with
           | potential sponsors for a trip like that.
        
         | bitxbitxbitcoin wrote:
         | How long are y'all planning to do the trip for?
        
       | zoba wrote:
       | I recently set up my own off grid solar system in a tiny cabin
       | that I designed and had built.
       | 
       | I used the Solar Controller+Inverter Combos recommended on this
       | site (Growatt) but ultimately switched to ones by Renogy. The
       | Growatt one I purchased has a wifi adapter and app - wifi
       | requirement was a deal breaker when remote. The renogy one has a
       | Bluetooth adapter and app, plus feels better designed (though
       | actually I think the internals are all pretty similar).
       | 
       | There are a couple surprise gotchas I didn't know:
       | 
       | 1) These Controller+Inverter combo units require a battery to
       | turn on. This means: if your battery runs completely out of
       | charge, you have to get electricity from somewhere to charge your
       | battery a bit before the Controller+Inverter will turn on and
       | charge your battery again. I was pretty annoyed at how not "off
       | grid" this felt.
       | 
       | 2) Temperatures below freezing are bad for batteries. I purchased
       | a Renogy 48v smart battery with self heating. Unfortunately less
       | sun in winter means less energy, and heat production is energy
       | intensive. I'm not at the cabin 100% of the time so I have to
       | take the battery with me when I leave to avoid spoiling/freezing
       | it. Still not sure how I'll ultimately get around this.
        
         | driverdan wrote:
         | LiFePO4 batteries can be stored and used below freezing, they
         | just shouldn't be charged. All you have to do is turn the
         | system off when you're not there.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | In most areas keeping them underground can get around this,
           | you can also use a backup heater and temperature probe before
           | charging them.
        
         | jmnicolas wrote:
         | Have you considered a small backup generator? If it exists I
         | would go with one that is propane powered. Propane goes to
         | -50deg before freezing so unless you live in Alaska, you have
         | quite some margin here.
        
         | irae wrote:
         | You can dig a 2 meter deep hole and store the batteries there.
         | It won't freeze during the winder if left turned off. If you
         | plan to turn it on on the holes, you might need to plan for
         | heat dissipation though.
        
         | redtexture wrote:
         | Insulated Root celler equivalent location for the battery.
        
         | jf wrote:
         | Could you dig a hole for your batteries and store them below
         | the frost line?
        
           | Syonyk wrote:
           | The problem with holes in the ground for storage of things
           | like batteries is that... they're holes in the ground. The
           | ground, as a general guideline, actively dislikes holes in it
           | and strives to fill them in whatever way possible. Liquid
           | rolling in, soil creep, debris blowing past and building up,
           | it doesn't matter - given a long enough time, a hole in the
           | ground won't exist anymore.
           | 
           | You can build a hole that will hold up to this sort of stuff
           | for a while, but that tends to be expensive - underground
           | concrete work is neither cheap nor easy, and given the number
           | of people injured in trench collapses who do it for a living,
           | a serious underground hole isn't a good DIY project either.
           | 
           | That just leaves the maintenance, which also sucks for a hole
           | in the ground. Anything you have to do on the batteries is
           | easier with them on or above the ground, instead of
           | underground in a hole. For lithium, it's fairly low
           | maintenance but you may have to replace some BMS boards every
           | now and then, manually check balance, etc, and for lead it's
           | water every few months, unless you go with sealed, which are
           | "maintenance free," but also "maintenance and status check
           | impossible," so you really just set them and run them to
           | failure - you can't monitor condition like you can with
           | flooded.
           | 
           | It's the sort of solution that, technically, would work - it
           | just ends up being radically more expensive and a hassle than
           | it's remotely worth. Think "Spending $5000 to save $20/yr"
           | sort of thing.
           | 
           | You see the same trend with things like the complex solar
           | trackers that were common in the 80s and early 90s. With the
           | cost of panels, optimizing every bit of power from them was
           | critical, so spending an awful lot of money on support
           | infrastructure to optimize $10/W panel production made quite
           | a bit of practical and financial sense.
           | 
           | Today, with panels at $0.50/W, very few people bother with
           | trackers anymore (for off grid installs). Most things you
           | could improve with a tracker, you can improve with less
           | effort and less money by just hanging more panels. Bonus:
           | With more panels, you get more production on cloudy days when
           | panel orientation doesn't matter (because the sky is more or
           | less evenly lit).
           | 
           | I've got south facing, east facing, and west facing panels on
           | my office, of two different brands, all fed into a single
           | MPPT charge controller input (I do have some blocking diodes
           | to prevent backfeeding a shaded string, though). It's not
           | nearly as "efficient" as some other options, but it's a whole
           | lot cheaper, and gives me more power on the low cloud days
           | that are the rough ones. The rest of the year, I have so much
           | power out there that I'm demand limited, not supply limited
           | (actually, inverter limited - if I added some 48VDC loads, I
           | could use another 5kWh/day easily).
        
             | rebuilder wrote:
             | I dug a hole in the ground to act as a makeshift cellar.
             | About 1 meter cubed, dug it with a shovel, poured gravel as
             | a floor with a French drain sunk in it, lined the walls
             | with breezeblock, made a lid of plywood and foam insulation
             | board. Erected a kind of tent on top to keep the rain out.
             | 
             | No issues so far, two years in. It's not terribly cool in
             | the hottest days of summer and does require a small heater
             | if I want to keep it above freezing through winter, but in
             | terms of being difficult or expensive to build, not at all.
        
             | 35mm wrote:
             | Agreed. It depends what you're optimising for: $ per kWp or
             | sq M per kWp.
             | 
             | Most people off grid have plenty of space but care about
             | efficiency in terms of cost.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | > actually, inverter limited - if I added some 48VDC loads
             | 
             | I know it's _only lighting_ as a load, but I've heard
             | standard LED light bulbs will happily run as low as 36VDC,
             | as they chop the voltage down to that level anyway.
             | 
             | It makes me wonder how many "120VAC" devices with switch
             | mode power supplies could be plugged into 48VDC without any
             | thought at all. And not just electronics like a laptop or
             | non-plasma flatscreen, but everything is moving in this
             | direction:
             | 
             | Like... what's my Variable Frequency Drive "inverter"
             | refrigerator motor voltage really running at? In theory it
             | should happily run off 120VDC at least. Don't do that, but
             | somewhere under 110VDC should work fine. And it's
             | inherently soft start and easier on one's low voltage
             | wiring than an on/off duty cycle fridge.
             | 
             | Of course I recommend none of this officially.
        
               | Syonyk wrote:
               | Most modern switch mode power supplies will run on DC,
               | but you really, really want to jack the input DC up high
               | unless you're a fan of replacing bridge rectifier diodes
               | and other input wiring.
               | 
               | Active power factor correction circuitry will have a fit,
               | but... eh, whatever. It's DC now, nobody cares!
               | 
               | A 120VRMS AC signal peaks around 170V, and _most_ (not
               | all, but _most_...) switch mode power supplies are auto
               | ranging, so they 'll tolerate from about 100VRMS to about
               | 250VRMS - which is near 400V peak. If you can get 300+VDC
               | into them, they'll be quite happy, but the boost
               | converters to do that are a pain to find, and by the time
               | you build one, you may as well just get a 120VAC inverter
               | and call it good.
               | 
               | The main thing to be concerned about, and the reason to
               | jack the input voltages about as high as you can, is that
               | almost every switch mode power supply has a full bridge
               | rectifier on the input side. From an AC input source,
               | each diode has a 50% duty cycle. Put DC on it, now two
               | diodes are at 100% duty cycle, two are at 0% duty cycle.
               | How much overhead was there in the system? Well... you'll
               | find out! However, a system capable of running and not
               | overloading the diodes at 50% duty cycle at ~100VAC
               | should be totally fine in terms of diode heating at
               | 300VDC - just, perhaps not at 100VDC.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | I never considered the diode duty cycles. If nameplate
               | was 120-240VAC (my TV says 120 but the p/s PCB inside
               | says 100-240...) I'd _like_ to think each would have the
               | overhead to handle under 100VDC, but maybe I'm
               | underestimating the impact of higher current. Edit:
               | you're right that the "hot" ones will run twice as hot
               | with their 0.6V or whatever drop.
               | 
               | All I could think about was the (potential) improvements
               | on capacitor lifespan since they won't have to smoothen,
               | but wasn't sure if their electrolyte could still heat/dry
               | if it was actually the connection to power that makes
               | them hot.
               | 
               | Thinking further, an internal fuse might blow with the
               | (expectedly) larger current draw at 48V.
               | 
               | And yeah on input wiring, you're pulling more current at
               | 48V.
        
             | zdragnar wrote:
             | I think you are _way_ overselling the difficulty of digging
             | a hole in the ground. Go to any grave yard- full of sealed
             | coffins, all below the frost line.
             | 
             | Get a plastic storage box, drill holes for cables and seal
             | them with caulk. Put inside a treated lumber box for extra
             | crushing resistance. Run cables through metal conduits to
             | avoid mice and moles chewing on them.
             | 
             | Rent a backhoe, and you are done in half an afternoon.
             | 
             | All of that said, I dont know that I would actually go that
             | far- you avoid the battery freezing, but then you get to
             | worry about it cooking. For an off-grid cabin that isn't
             | constantly heated in winter, it isn't the worst idea.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | What I did in Canada was to dig a bunker into the side of a
           | hill near the house. That solved both the frost and any fluid
           | issues in one go. It was a bit of work though to get that all
           | done.
        
         | Syonyk wrote:
         | > _Still not sure how I'll ultimately get around this._
         | 
         | If it's portable, your option works well.
         | 
         | For year round off grid use, there's something to be said for
         | sealed lead acid, or flooded lead acid - they don't care about
         | being cycled while cold (capacity is down and the voltage sags
         | a good bit), and as long as they don't get too deeply
         | discharged, they don't freeze.
         | 
         | A single panel, facing south, absolutely vertical, will shed
         | snow and if you have no other loads, is usually enough to
         | offset controller loads and self discharge over time to keep
         | the batteries fully charged (and therefore not freezing) over
         | winter.
         | 
         | There's no way you'll generate enough heat on electricity to
         | keep a battery bank (or cabin) warm in the winter most places.
         | I've got 5kW of panel on my office, and still can't manage that
         | for a small, well insulated shed.
        
           | devwastaken wrote:
           | Hypothetically, for the lithium batteries, what if you made a
           | big stainless steel vacuum wall insulated enclosure? Or just
           | a metal box with r-60 value of foam around it?
           | 
           | The amount of heat needing to be generated can then be
           | calculated based on the average temp over a longer period of
           | time, and those batteries I don't imagine have to be "warm"
           | exactly.
        
             | diamondlovesyou wrote:
             | What about summer? Those batteries also need to stay
             | cool...
        
               | Solar2 wrote:
               | They do not need to stay that cool at all. When used for
               | solar, the C rate for charging usually never exceeds .2C
               | for overpaneled systems. And usually never goes beyond
               | .5C for discharge. So the heat generated is very small.
               | Now when I am pushing 30-100C rates with a lithium
               | polymer, cooling is an issue. this is why nissan leaf
               | cells were recalled. The battery size was too small for
               | the application, and they overheated which caused
               | significant degradation rates. This is not an issue for
               | solar. Just keep them at room temperature and they are
               | fine.
        
               | theshrike79 wrote:
               | You can just dig a big hole for them, the earth stays
               | cool enough when you go a meter or two down.
               | 
               | Unless you live in the desert, having the batteries too
               | hot isn't as big of an issue as freezing them.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | A $2 circulation pump and an outdoor radiator...
               | 
               | It's good practice to snake a water pipe around every
               | lithium cell anyway in big packs, because otherwise one
               | bad cell can self-heat to the point of catching fire,
               | even while other nearby cells are cold. The flowing water
               | means the bad cell can't get to the point of fire.
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | Lithium batteries don't need to be warm for discharge
             | (generally and with an asterisk), it's charging. Discharge
             | while freezing causes slower chemical reactions (aka lower
             | discharge current), but that is rarely a huge problem
             | compared to the charging problem.
             | 
             | Any charging around or below freezing causes pretty quick
             | destruction of the cells as the chemistry switches to a
             | more favorable destructive one way electroplating process
             | instead of the desirable (and reversible) ion exchange
             | process.
             | 
             | A common engineering solution to this has started to be
             | temperature dependent shunts that route charging energy to
             | heating pads around the battery until the battery temp gets
             | above a certain safe point.
             | 
             | It adds complexity, cost, and adds several undesirable
             | failure mode however, and Lithium battery cost is already a
             | major factor in these systems, so if you're in a situation
             | where you can't reliably temperature control your batteries
             | (cold climate, non-conditioned battery space), lead acid is
             | still a very viable and often desirable chemistry instead.
             | 
             | Round trip efficiency isn't great with them, and you have
             | to way over provision to get good cell lifespan, but it
             | works.
        
           | chana_masala wrote:
           | Thanks for your post. I'm reading through some of your blog
           | posts now - really great!
        
           | i_am_proteus wrote:
           | Yep. Unless you've got running water or a high cliffside for
           | wind, the best off-the-grid heat source for cold climates is
           | an acre of woods and an axe.
           | 
           | Insulation, too. A lot of sheds and cabins (and single-family
           | homes) could do with more. Saves on cooling bills in the
           | summer, too.
        
             | Symmetry wrote:
             | An acre of trees should be enough to give you an average of
             | 4 kW of thermal power year round, way more than you
             | probably need. Though at 1 W/m^2 how much industry an area
             | of trees could support was the binding constraint on
             | industry for a lot of recorded history. Especially there
             | was always pressure to turn forests into farmland.
        
               | i_am_proteus wrote:
               | Could get by on much less than an acre if it were
               | managed, but better to have more land and be able to keep
               | it as unmanaged forest. That'll also produce fresh game
               | and give some buffer on the lumber supply for lean years.
               | How much rain falls is strictly out of my hands.
        
             | bregma wrote:
             | I live on 25 ha of forest, have an axe and saw, and heat
             | with wood. Let me tell you: you want to use the saw for
             | everything but splitting. Axes are fine for burly cavemen.
             | 
             | Anyway, in a cold climates like mine an acre would not be
             | enough to keep you warm because trees grow slow when it's
             | winter six months out of twelve. It takes a lot of wood to
             | keep you warm, and one tree gives surprisingly little wood.
             | After a handful of years you'll have clearcut your measly
             | acre and still have another couple of decades to go before
             | it becomes harvestable again. I'd say you want at least 10
             | acres if you manage it well and the soil and drainage are
             | at least half decent.
        
               | dudeofea wrote:
               | You could try coppiced trees:
               | https://www.lowtechmagazine.com/2020/09/how-to-make-
               | biomass-...
               | 
               | They grow faster since they already have a root
               | structure, the size is consistent and the wood is
               | generally straigter (the japanese have a similar
               | technique for extremely straight cedar logs)
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | By the time you get to 100 acres you can basically heat
               | your house with the stuff that blows over in storms and
               | the remainder can yield a nice cash crop every couple of
               | years, giving space for the other trees to grow.
               | Personally I'd prefer a chainsaw for anything but the
               | most incidental cutting, and a hydraulic woodsplitter
               | (rented) to get the job of preparing firewood for a while
               | year done in a short time.
        
           | Epa095 wrote:
           | Is 5kW not enough to heat the cabin? I guess it must be
           | really cold where you are. Modern heat pumps should
           | unproblematic handle -25degC (air to air), and provide 4-5kWh
           | of heat for each kWh of power used.
        
             | adrianN wrote:
             | Which heat pump reaches that kind of efficiency when the
             | temperature differential is so high?
        
               | Epa095 wrote:
               | Good point, I did not think about the fact that the
               | effeciency went down. But it seems to me (as a noob) that
               | modern heat pumps specialising in low temperature
               | conditions still can get around 2.5 at -25deg, which
               | gives you more than 10kWh of heating at 5kW, which is
               | quite a lot.
        
               | kwhitefoot wrote:
               | None as far as I can tell. Some people I know here in
               | Norway turn off the heat pump when the outside
               | temperature is below -25degC, but those pumps were
               | installed some years ago.
               | 
               | New ones do have a significant gain at that temperature.
               | For instance this Samsung Nordic Home:
               | https://www.elkjop.no/product/hjem-og-
               | husholdning/oppvarming...
        
             | CorrectHorseBat wrote:
             | 5kW of panels don't produce 5kW in winter, that's the issue
             | I guess.
        
               | Epa095 wrote:
               | What does the 5kWh of energy turn in to, of not heat?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | It says '5KW', not '5KWh'.
        
               | Epa095 wrote:
               | I just now realised that "panels" was solar panels, not
               | the ovens (we call them "panel ovens" in my language). My
               | fault!
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Np, it is an easy mistake to make.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Correct, they will produce more.
               | 
               | Solar panels produce the most power on cold winter days.
               | The 'rated power' is for 20 degrees ambient at full (90
               | degrees, no cloud) incidence at sea level.
        
               | notahacker wrote:
               | In practice it's kWh you care about, and you get
               | significantly fewer hours of sun in winter. No cloud days
               | are rare in some regions in winter too.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Sure, but the time factor wasn't present in the above
               | comment, it was just instantaneous power.
        
               | CorrectHorseBat wrote:
               | It was about how that could heat (or not heat) a cabin,
               | time is definitely a factor in that.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | "5kW of panels don't produce 5kW in winter" -> there is
               | no 'time' factor in there.
               | 
               | What you could say is that solar panels in the winter do
               | not produce the same amount of power in an average day as
               | they do in the summer due to the shorter day and the
               | bigger chance of occlusion as well as the longer path the
               | suns rays have to travel through the atmosphere.
        
               | angularbot77 wrote:
               | Problem is, the sun doesen't necessarily rise above the
               | horizon for weeks in northern countries
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Yes, in locations like that you will have to use some
               | other solution for those periods. Maybe wind power.
               | Battery storage will not last long enough unless you have
               | an absolutely massive setup that would not be cost
               | effective the rest of the year.
               | 
               | I had 48KWh worth of storage, 2500 W worth of wind and
               | another 5000 W worth of solar. This was in Northern
               | Ontario. Until we added the windmill we fairly regularly
               | needed the generator, after we added the windmill the
               | generator just sat there gathering dust.
        
               | CorrectHorseBat wrote:
               | That really depends on how far north you live. Where I
               | live a good winter day's production is ~10% of a good
               | summer day's. (Also depends on the orientation, but it's
               | never even close, let alone more)
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That's total production over a day.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | Seems to me that if you want to solar heat a cabin, a solar
           | panel is going around the horn. Design the cabin to be a
           | solar collector, like a greenhouse.
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | You'd still need backup heat production (heat pump, or wood
             | burning, or fossil fuel, or electrical off batteries) for
             | the inevitable month long 'gray and cold' stretches, or
             | you're gonna freeze.
             | 
             | Single purpose but not reliably there heat capture methods
             | add cost and maintenance.
             | 
             | It's often more cost effective to have a general purpose
             | method that while not as efficient in one case is generally
             | more overall (cost) efficient.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Passive solar heating should be very maintenance free.
               | It's the point of it.
               | 
               | Sure, a backup plan is a good idea. But it doesn't have
               | to be very good or very efficient, as it will be rarely
               | used.
        
         | csours wrote:
         | #2 reminds me of this:
         | http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2016/04/cold-war-nuc...
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | Could you insulate the batteries to reduce the heating demand?
         | Instead of heating the entire cabin just heat the battery
         | compartment, and only to the minimum necessary to keep them
         | from being damaged (plus a margin for safety).
         | 
         | Maybe even just toss them in an old discarded deep freeze? You
         | could even have one battery in there that is disconnected from
         | the rest of the system so it can be used to jump start the
         | system if it ever gets fully discharged.
        
           | rklaehn wrote:
           | An old deep freeze is probably not sufficient, but packing
           | them into a thick layer of insulation should be fine for the
           | winter. The insulation would have to completely enclose them
           | though, including the bottom.
           | 
           | Maybe best to have them sit on a thick layer of insulation on
           | the bottom, and a box that can be removed during the summer
           | months so the batteries don't overheat.
           | 
           | Another a bit weird idea would be to somehow put them next to
           | a compost heap, which produces low temperature heat for a
           | long time (years) including during the winter.
        
           | Syonyk wrote:
           | You can insulate them to reduce heating demand, and it will
           | help to an extent (undo that before summer to avoid cooking
           | them), but for an unattended system, it's never going to work
           | out very well. If the system is a year round cabin, the
           | solution is easy enough - keep them in the heated space
           | (which you'll have propane/kerosene/biomass heaters for), and
           | it's not a real problem. But unattended stuff... you really
           | just need to plan for something that can tolerate bitter cold
           | without damage. Or to _seriously_ overpanel the system, 10x+
           | what you need for summer use, and hope they produce
           | something.
           | 
           | I think most people underestimate just how much delta in
           | production there can be on solar. My house array is grid
           | tied, 16kW, a bit weird looking (mostly east-west panels,
           | designed for post net metering). On a really good, cool,
           | clear, windy spring day, I can produce about 105kWh out of
           | the system from sunup to sundown.
           | 
           | On a really bad, low, grey, winter day, that same system
           | produces about 2kWh. It's literally a factor of 50
           | difference. And we can get several days of that in a row. I
           | have a backup generator that I use for my office on weeks
           | like that (separate, off-grid system).
           | 
           | "Winter, electric heat on solar" is a fairly good filter for
           | those who have read about solar or pondered it, and those who
           | have a few years of it under their belt. The second group are
           | the ones who've tried it, discovered just how horribly it
           | doesn't work, and are trying to convince the first group
           | that, no, really, _insert well worn idea here_ really doesn
           | 't fix the problems with it.
           | 
           | I guarantee if it were easy, people would be doing it. That
           | you won't find any serious off grid system doing electric
           | battery heating is because it doesn't work.
        
             | mcot2 wrote:
             | Adding on to this the energy usage of my multi-head heat
             | pump system has been quite surprising when it drops below
             | freezing. I have a Mitsubishi unit which is rated down to
             | something like -15F however below 32F it uses enough energy
             | to get pretty close with fossil fuels on price. It looks
             | like I will have to add on to my 11.85kW solar system to be
             | able to get the projected energy use throughout the year.
             | Winter time will have a significant deficit and summer
             | overproduction will make some of it back but not all. I am
             | also investing in air sealing and additional insulation.
        
             | rklaehn wrote:
             | I agree that the difference between winter and summer is
             | very large, like night and day.
             | 
             | But, 2kWh or even less should be plenty to keep a well
             | insulated battery compartment from freezing.
             | 
             | On very cold and clear winter days you are going to get
             | more than that, and on cloudy days it is usually not that
             | cold.
        
         | naikrovek wrote:
         | > Temperatures below freezing are bad for batteries.
         | 
         | bad for lithium batteries. even then, it is only bad if you
         | charge or discharge them in freezing temps. lead-acid handle
         | cold just fine.
        
         | sandworm101 wrote:
         | >> 1) These Controller+Inverter combo units require a battery
         | to turn on
         | 
         | Which is why you want to install disconnects between your
         | battery bank and the electronics. In a worst-case scenario of
         | total discharge you can then bypass the dead batteries, hook
         | the control electronics up to car batteries if necessary (be
         | careful about voltages) and perform some diagnostics or at
         | least read the logs of what went wrong. But the
         | controller+inverter should be running if supplied with voltage
         | from solar/wind/generator regardless of how the batteries are
         | doing.
        
           | Syonyk wrote:
           | > _But the controller+inverter should be running if supplied
           | with voltage from solar /wind/generator regardless of how the
           | batteries are doing._
           | 
           | Most of them don't operate that way. They need the battery
           | bank connected first, and run off the battery bank side,
           | while controlling the panel side.
           | 
           | Some _may_ tolerate that sort of recovery from deep
           | discharge, but it 's not a safe bet, and some controllers are
           | pretty clear that if you connect the input side before the
           | batteries, you'll damage the controller.
           | 
           | A dumb PWM controller stands a better chance of doing this,
           | but something like an MPPT controller, unless it's explicitly
           | designed to fail into a PWM configuration at low battery
           | voltage, won't - they need power to drive the buck converter
           | circuitry (the controlling ICs and oscillators and such) in
           | order to get power out of the panels.
        
         | poleguy wrote:
         | Have you considered Lithium Titanate batteries? They can
         | discharge at a temperature of -40C.
        
           | Syonyk wrote:
           | Have you _priced_ LTO? They 're rather staggeringly expensive
           | for their capacity. The cycle life is excellent, but they
           | excel in very high C-rate applications (10C-20C), which is
           | the opposite of what you need for off-grid systems. If an off
           | grid system is getting anywhere near C/10 discharge rates,
           | you're going to be in the dark awfully soon.
           | 
           | It's old tech, it's boring, but it works fine... flooded lead
           | acid. Don't fully discharge it in the winter, and they won't
           | freeze. They'll cycle just fine in the cold. Well tested,
           | proven, and unless you're full time living and heating an
           | interior space that can be lithium-friendly, they're the
           | right option. Disconnect all the loads and run them on float
           | in the winter with a high, vertical, south facing panel
           | (obviously swap that if you're in the southern hemisphere),
           | and they'll do just fine.
        
             | madaxe_again wrote:
             | Yeah, lead wins hands down. This is a few years out of date
             | now, but when speccing out my system I did a bit of
             | analysis of battery types. We went with OPzS, and so far,
             | so good.
             | 
             | https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1w8vPBHkMyY5jvkxtK1Q
             | h...
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Recycled Lithium Ion is much cheaper still, but more
               | risky (and less maintenance). You'll have to do some
               | pretty fanatic inbound QA to determine whether all your
               | cells are safe to use. but if you do that and fuse your
               | cells individually you should be able to make that work.
        
               | vincnetas wrote:
               | but still main problem is subzero temperatures. recycled
               | lipo batteries do not become immune to this problem.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That is very true, especially at charge time you want to
               | make sure your batteries are not too cold.
        
         | stephen_g wrote:
         | Yeah, some people had problems with all-in-one battery systems
         | in their homes that were AC coupled to their solar here in
         | Australia over some weather disasters where there were
         | prolonged outages for that reason.
         | 
         | I'd quite like a battery system, I think I'd DIY (well, design
         | the system but here you need a licensed electrician to wire up
         | the AC/grid connect side) using Victron equipment. I have a 5
         | kW solar system already with a AC inverter which I can keep, so
         | I would probably use a 5000KVA inverter-charger (Multiplus-II),
         | but then I'd add another 1.5kW or so of solar that is directly
         | DC coupled to the batteries and the DC side of the inverter-
         | charger through a separate DC MPPT tracker.
         | 
         | So the DC coupled solar would be enough to kick-start the
         | system to get the AC side back on after a bit if the grid was
         | out and the batteries were depleted overnight.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Victron is top of the line stuff and will serve you well. On
           | marine installations it's not rare at all to see their
           | inverters outlast the hull.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | adabaed wrote:
       | This is a spanish guy who built his own off-grid setup with solar
       | panels and 18650 batteries. As a complete ignorant in electric
       | stuff to me this is amazing. If you know some spanish you can
       | find here a good channel IMO!
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u3LgbTsIO3A
        
         | oldsecondhand wrote:
         | Making an electric car with them:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQa5gn-7D74
         | 
         | He also has setups with used laptop batteries.
        
       | sandworm101 wrote:
       | Marketing. I would take everything on this website with a grain
       | of salt. Take it from someone who has actually built an off-grid
       | system, one that is relied upon for 24/7/365 living rather than
       | mere vacation cottage.
       | 
       | For example: OP re lead-acid battery options:
       | 
       | "Heavy, cheap, easy to use and they work! Typically will last
       | about 3-5 years. Slower charge rates than lithium, much heavier,
       | and they cost way more in the long run."
       | 
       | That is just plain incorrect. Lead-acid batteries regularly last
       | a decade or more and are far cheaper than any lithium option at a
       | given capacity. Look at nearly every 12v car or boat battery. You
       | don't see those being replaced every 3-5 years. It is old
       | reliable tech that just works. And, at a given price point, they
       | can charge faster than lithium too.
       | 
       | The downside of lead-acid? There is little profit to make in
       | selling them. All the patents have expired. They don't need
       | software to control them. They are mature, centuries-old
       | technology. A thousand companies are making lead-acid batteries
       | and you can get them cheap. They weigh more, but for residential
       | installation that isn't an issue.
       | 
       | The upside? Whereas lithium packs are a nightmare to recycle,
       | lead-acid batteries hook into an established and profitable
       | recycling system. They are the greener alternative to anything
       | containing lithium.
        
         | willprowseiv wrote:
         | Will Prowse here. Are you kidding me? Those lead acids are kept
         | at a high state of charge and not deeply discharged. Sure some
         | expensive FLA can last much longer, but they are garbage. The
         | coulombic efficiency is horrible. The internal resistance is
         | awful. If I sold lead acid batteries, I would make way more
         | money. You have no clue what you are talking about. And yes,
         | when used for solar and deeply discharged, your lucky to get
         | 3-5 years.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | Tell that to my 12 year-old battery bank powering my family
           | house (solar with diesel backup charge). It is a pack of deep
           | cycle lead-acids that have served me very well. Of course
           | they are watched and maintained regularly, and rarely ever
           | dip below 75%.
           | 
           | The only use case I've ever seen for lithium off-grid is for
           | people who want to squeeze their entire rig into a closet or
           | basement corner. And nobody ever talks about what to do with
           | those batteries once they finally die. My packs will be
           | easily recycled.
        
             | Solar2 wrote:
             | See, exactly proves my point. DOD is only 25%. If you do
             | not cycle them much, you can make a lead acid last for
             | years no problem. If you are doing 100% DOD, and do not
             | with to deal with maintenance, and wish to have high
             | coulombic efficiency, lithium is far better.
             | 
             | Volumetric density is a side benefit of lithium. We use it
             | for coulombic efficiency, low voltage sag, high cycle life
             | (much higher than lead acid, regardless of cycling
             | bandwidth), usable capacity at low temperatures (much
             | higher than lead acid! People always get this wrong), and
             | higher specific energy. And lead acid sulfation and shorted
             | cells require recycling. You can safely use a lifepo4 pack
             | for years after degradation occurs. Lead acid is easier to
             | recycle, but lithium ion recycling companies are dominating
             | the space now. It is not like it was 3 years ago. Times are
             | changing and there is no way anyone wants to throw out
             | cobalt from a pack. LFP is much easier to recycle than
             | cobalt based chemistries as well.
        
               | Syonyk wrote:
               | Solar2 == willprowseiv? Brand new account responding as
               | such, at least.
               | 
               | Which production lithium ion recycling companies are
               | "dominating the space" and actually recycling more than
               | test quantities of cells? Apparently I've missed that in
               | the past few years - links to them?
        
           | Syonyk wrote:
           | Over the years, I've generally made the observation that
           | those who really slam lead acid for energy storage use seem
           | to have been nowhere near a modern lead acid datasheet from
           | the last 20 years, and that seems to be the case here as
           | well. They also tend to make assorted arguments in the
           | context of off-grid power that don't reflect the realities of
           | off-grid power systems in annual use.
           | 
           | The mid-range Trojan Solar Premium line (my office runs an
           | older version of this, the T105-RE and I'm five years of
           | daily cycling in with what seem to be entirely healthy
           | batteries still) datasheet [0] shows a 3500 cycle life at 30%
           | DoD, which is 10 years of daily cycling use. However,
           | depending on loads, panels, and how you use the place, you'll
           | typically see far shallower cycles in the spring/summer/fall,
           | and then some deeper cycles in the winter months. So you can
           | average it out - a single 80% discharge isn't going to have a
           | huge impact on longevity, just don't do it all day, every
           | day. If you've got enough panel area to recover a low battery
           | bank in a good day or so of sun (generally recommended for
           | off-grid), you'll have enough panel area to ride through
           | daytime loads most of the year without really bothering the
           | battery pack either.
           | 
           | The Solar Industrial line [1] is rated 3500 cycles at 50% DoD
           | daily cycling, and about 6250 at 30% DoD. Good luck finding
           | them, though.
           | 
           | They also, as has been discussed elsewhere here, don't need
           | heating in the winter to be able to charge safely. I
           | generally don't like charging lithium below about 45F, and
           | even that would be a low C-rate. Not having to heat lead
           | makes winter an awful lot easier.
           | 
           | As far as the rest of your claims... they mostly don't matter
           | for a typical off-grid power system, which is the general
           | context of this thread.
           | 
           | Coulombic efficiency for lead varies rather significantly
           | depending on where in the state of charge, and it's not
           | really reasonable to discuss "average" numbers for lead. Once
           | you're full, up in absorb, the CE is quite poor, as it's
           | gassing, but that's also required to mix the electrolyte and
           | prevent stratification, so it's still doing something useful.
           | However, the times when it _matters_ - cold, dark winter
           | months, if you 're running partial state of charge cycling
           | (which the modern carbon additives allow without the problems
           | of hard sulfation), the CE during charging is quite good -
           | near 100%, as long as you're below gassing. So when CE
           | matters, when you're power limited, it's perfectly
           | reasonable, and when it doesn't matter, when you have a
           | surplus of power, it's poor. I don't particularly mind that.
           | 
           | As far as internal resistance goes, it's certainly far worse
           | than lithium, but at typical off-grid C/20, C/8 type rates,
           | it just doesn't matter that much. Nobody is asking deep cycle
           | off grid lead to deliver starting amps for a tractor, and it
           | won't do it, because it's a substantially different internal
           | design than a starting battery (which have far lower internal
           | resistance - go measure one sometime, it's pretty impressive
           | just how low IR on a warm car battery is).
           | 
           | And my 48V/225Ah bank ran me $1400 about 5 years ago, and is
           | about halfway through service life, or perhaps a bit less
           | than half. To do that on a lithium chemistry would be quite a
           | bit more expensive.
           | 
           | Plus, flooded lead acid lacks the energy density to do
           | anything terribly exciting, as long as you give hydrogen
           | generated from charging an "up and out" path. I consider this
           | a feature for stationary storage.
           | 
           | And they're almost entirely recyclable (and actively
           | recycled). It's a quite circular economy in the lead acid
           | battery space.
           | 
           | Different chemistries have their places. For a somewhat
           | overpaneled off-grid system in daily use, lead acid is still
           | an absolutely reasonable chemistry (as quite a few people
           | here are still observing).
           | 
           | [0]: https://www.trojanbattery.com/pdf/datasheets/SPRE_06_415
           | _DS.... [1]: https://www.trojanbattery.com/pdf/datasheets/SIN
           | D_06_610_DS....
        
         | bkjelden wrote:
         | > Look at nearly every 12v car or boat battery. You don't see
         | those being replaced every 3-5 years. It is old reliable tech
         | that just works.
         | 
         | I actually do see this all of the time. In decades of owning
         | multiple cars I've found the batteries tend to fail so
         | regularly at about the 5 year mark that you could set a watch
         | to it.
         | 
         | They are easy to find and inexpensive to replace, but they
         | absolutely do have a limited lifespan.
        
           | varelse wrote:
           | I would love to have found that magical car battery that
           | doesn't die after 5 years or so. But the real comedy is that
           | my EV is required to have one of them independent of all the
           | lithium batteries, and if it discharges/fails, it's a whole
           | fan dance to get into the car.
        
             | sandworm101 wrote:
             | >> it's a whole fan dance to get into the car.
             | 
             | I've never jumped a full EV, but I have had to jump a
             | couple hybrids after their 12v batteries ran flat. Can you
             | not get to the 12v battery using a mechanical key? Any 12v
             | jumpstart kit should provide enough voltage to activate the
             | solenoid and get everything online.
        
               | varelse wrote:
               | The mechanical key on my EV, a Mustang Mach E, is a
               | blank. but here's the fan dance to get into the car on a
               | dead battery...
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/AKK_Vt1m5TA
        
         | mlac wrote:
         | This is a really good point, but my car batteries last between
         | 3-5 years. Maybe I'm doing something wrong.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | What actually happened to your car battery to cause you to
           | replace it? Did you do anything to fix it? Did you ever
           | maintain it? Did you replace the fluid? Or did you just drive
           | your car every day and then replaced the battery when the
           | mechanic told you it was broken? It is normally cheaper to
           | replace a standard car battery than attempt to maintain and
           | fix it (100-200$) but in an off-grid situation many thousands
           | of dollars are at stake, which makes maintenance and repair
           | more practical than replacement.
           | 
           | https://www.jdpower.com/cars/shopping-guides/how-to-
           | recondit...
           | 
           | https://www.totalcardiagnostics.com/learn/recondition-car-
           | ba...
        
             | zbrozek wrote:
             | Car batteries these days are sealed, so you don't really
             | have much opportunity to replace their acid. A regularly-
             | driven car isn't deep-cycling its battery, so I'm not sure
             | what else you'd do to maintain it.
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | You test it regularly and hook it up to a good
               | desulfator/maintainer when needed. A sealed battery might
               | be acceptable for a car, if the owner has the money to
               | replace it regularly, but not in an off-grid/residential
               | situation.
        
             | mlac wrote:
             | It wasn't about the mechanic telling me, it was about the
             | car not starting anymore and the battery not taking any
             | charge.
             | 
             | And that's why I asked - I honestly don't know what steps
             | are recommended to maintain a car battery (or if given the
             | price it is worth the work).
             | 
             | Thanks for the links - I'll look later
        
         | mattr47 wrote:
         | Car batteries are good for 4-5 years.
        
         | hasbot wrote:
         | "And, at a given price point, they can charge faster than
         | lithium too."
         | 
         | Please elaborate; I have no idea what you're talking about
         | here.
         | 
         | My deep-cycle RV batteries are nearly dead and I'm going to
         | spend the $$$ to replace them w/ a lithium battery partially
         | because of lithium's faster charging. At peak solar season, I
         | only get about 3 to 4 hours of _good_ sunlight on my forested
         | property so I need batteries that charge relatively quickly.
        
         | gcp123 wrote:
         | The OP, Will Prowse knows what he's talking about. He lives off
         | the grid and meticulously documents all of his testing and
         | research. When I was new to solar to battery power storage, I
         | learned everything I needed to know from his website and videos
         | to build my own off the grid system. Check out his YouTube
         | channel.
        
         | zbrozek wrote:
         | I can believe that lead-acid batteries in a thermally-regulated
         | and immobile location would have a longevity advantage. But
         | what magic dance are you doing to get car batteries to last
         | longer than 5 years? I - and my parents, and seemingly everyone
         | else I know - absolutely do seem to have to replace them at
         | just about exactly that interval.
         | 
         | That's not to say they aren't filling their role in a totally
         | reasonable way, I'm just really curious how you're getting more
         | life out of them than the rest of us.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | Invest in a good trickle charger/maintainer/desulfurer
           | (100-150$) and use it occasionally, especially if the car is
           | going to sit for more than a week.
        
         | passerby1 wrote:
         | That's interesting. Winters are cold where I'm originally from,
         | and car batteries get replaced more frequently than once in 10
         | years. Where are you from? Your experience is very different.
        
           | quesera wrote:
           | GP did not specify, but it's likely that they are referring
           | to deep-cycle lead acid batteries, not standard car
           | batteries.
           | 
           | Deep-cycle batteries are commonly used as the house power for
           | RVs, boats, solar storage, etc.
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | Northern Alberta. Currently -30c. The 8yo battery in my car
           | started my engine just fine this morning, with the help of my
           | block and battery heaters that ran all night. I think people
           | in the north might have longer battery life because of the
           | harsh conditions. We probably spend more time/money on
           | maintenance of vehicles precisely because we need them to
           | start when very cold. I have noticed a deeper voltage drop
           | when starting my car this winter. The battery might well be
           | on its last legs but so long as it is still working I'll hold
           | off replacing it. (I do carry a jumpstart kit in my trunk,
           | right beside the snow chains.)
        
         | aliswe wrote:
         | It would have helped to do a more benevolent
         | analysis/interpretation here. For example, you mentioned
         | yourself that lead batteries need checking, change of fluids,
         | etc, most of which noone does.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Everybody whose house power depends on their batteries will
           | do this religiously. It's a five minute job every month and a
           | half our job every year.
        
         | Solar2 wrote:
        
       | neurobashing wrote:
       | Just a (hopefully amusing) piece of anecdata: we have a
       | squaredrop trailer, with a set of solar panels to power/charge
       | the 12v marine battery and a pair of Jackery power banks. Most of
       | our camping is done in the eastern woodlands: WV, PA, VA, etc.
       | 
       | There is so much tree cover all the time. Some days, even though
       | it's mostly or fully sunny, we're almost always at the end of
       | some disused fire road on the wrong side of a mountain, and we're
       | lucky to get a couple of % back from all-day charges. I'm
       | considering one of those water-powered turbines, since it'll work
       | all night long as well.
        
         | Gys wrote:
         | Why not use the engine of the trailer to (also) charge the
         | batteries while driving? My campervan does that.
        
         | hasbot wrote:
         | Do eastern fire roads often feature fast moving creeks? I kid.
         | 
         | Are you able to tilt your solar panels? If they are lying flat
         | on your roof, you won't get much power from them.
         | 
         | Speaking as someone that has spent the last three summers off-
         | grid in a forest, in your situation, I'd add the ability to
         | tilt the solar panels, reduce power consumption, and get a
         | multi-fuel (propane and gas) inverter generator along with a
         | propane tank. The inverter generator is a lot quieter, smaller,
         | and lighter than generators. I don't need much power and mostly
         | use the generator for the microwave and occasional topping off
         | the batteries.
        
       | cq493 wrote:
       | Anyone know if the trailer/flatbed is legal in Los Angeles?
       | Testing without going through an entire permit process would be
       | fun.
        
       | marcodiego wrote:
       | Interesting: https://www.mobile-solarpower.com/all-in-
       | one-122448v-package... programs are selectable by numbers.
       | Reminds me of the Apollo DSKY computer.
        
       | greenie_beans wrote:
       | Love this dude, he's got good youtube videos too
        
         | Solar2 wrote:
         | Thank you!
        
       | ctime wrote:
       | Will Prose seems like a really great person. If you're interested
       | in what you see on this site, check out his YouTube channel:
       | https://youtube.com/c/WillProwse
        
         | Syonyk wrote:
         | The problem with him, and people like him on YouTube, is that
         | about 90% of what they say is fine, and 10% ranges from "iffy"
         | to "This is a good way to burn your house down - at some
         | unknown point in the future." The average viewer of that sort
         | of material can't tell the difference, and by the time you can,
         | you're not in need of handwaving entry level information,
         | because you can read the design documents, spec sheets, NEC,
         | and do things yourself.
         | 
         | YouTube is simply the wrong medium to try to teach detailed,
         | "can kill you" things like electricity. It's _especially_ wrong
         | when you try to make it about personality, humor, etc moreso
         | than hard technical truths.
        
           | nataz wrote:
           | "It's especially wrong when you try to make it about
           | personality, humor, etc moreso than hard technical truths."
           | 
           | Have you spent any time watching Will's videos? Your quote
           | doesn't match up at all with what I've seen at all. I found
           | his videos dry, technical, and pretty good with regard to
           | safety.
        
           | post_break wrote:
           | This is the dumbest take I've read in a long time. From him
           | I've learned which lifepo4 batteries won't burn my house
           | down, proper wiring for stuff, etc. I've got a 144ah battery
           | pack sitting right next to me as I type this I built from
           | learning from him. Are you sure your comment isn't about the
           | youtuber Electricboom?
        
             | Syonyk wrote:
             | I rebuilt large (500Wh) lithium ebike batteries
             | professionally and shipped them around North America for a
             | couple years, and have torn down more than my fair share of
             | ebike and tool batteries for analysis.
             | 
             | I've yet to see a "YouTube Trained" pack build that I would
             | be remotely comfortable leaving unattended in my house.
             | Though LFP is an awful lot more forgiving than a mix of
             | random recycled 18650s of unknown chemistry, service life,
             | and internal damage history that makes up the bulk of that
             | stuff.
             | 
             | If you've got some good high res shots of the build
             | process, I'd happily take a look and see what I think of
             | it. My standards of comparison are the professionally built
             | packs I've torn down for analysis and often enough rebuilt
             | for people.
             | 
             | As for who my comment is about, honestly, I apply it
             | generally to that entire class of person on YouTube no
             | matter who they are. I know solar, and off grid solar,
             | fairly well (with a focus on flooded lead acid). I know
             | lithium fairly well, having done quite extensive work on
             | them. In areas I know well, most of the people showing
             | stuff off or trying to teach other people hit the 90/10
             | split, and as this is a topic of conversation in the quiet
             | off grid backwaters circles I frequent, other people
             | usually agree about which 10% is the problem.
             | 
             | Therefore I'm happy to ignore that entire class of person
             | and go do something useful. It's not that education can't
             | be funny, it's that when "personality" and "laughs" and
             | "BIG O FACE I NEARLY BLEW MYSELF UP" style thumbnails are
             | what matters, the really deep (and often quite important)
             | technical details get lost in all that.
        
               | belval wrote:
               | I was giving you the benefit of doubt, but this comment
               | shows that you've never watched any of Will's video and
               | you are just painting with a very broad brush.
               | 
               | He's the kind of Youtuber that keeps repeating that you
               | should place a low temp sensor on your cells, not the
               | kind doing sketchy spot weld on old 18650s.
        
           | DyslexicAtheist wrote:
           | sounds a bit gate-keepy to me. People tell me that I
           | shouldn't repair my own car for similar reasons. Instead I
           | should go to the OEM and have it serviced there for 1000,- a
           | pop. This assures I'm getting genuine OEM branded parts with
           | a 800% profit margin while also reducing the time spent on
           | diagnosing the issue because now whole modules get replaced
           | since cost of human labor is expensive. If I would heed that
           | advise, I'd still have no clue about how a modern diesel
           | engine worked, how to reverse and flash a new ECU firmware,
           | how to find and fix any problem without a mechanic ripping me
           | off, or generally engage in things that (in the eyes of the
           | vendor) are "very dangerous" to myself, my family, or others.
           | 
           | Yet I still make this choice because the alternative is a
           | "John Deer no right to repair" future where we're ruled by
           | chuckeducks and awful people who can't help but quote "rules
           | and regulations" or can't wait to be up in everyone's shit.
           | There is no way I could be convinced otherwise because this
           | is the nature of those who fiddle and tinker in the first
           | place. I'm sure many of the viewers on this channel think
           | likewise because it's not about safety but about my own
           | freedom to spend my weekends in the garage building something
           | and being rewarded with self reliance. And also the freedom
           | to make mistakes big enough to kill myself by accident
           | without somebody going _" uhm well ack-shually"_.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | He has a point, but there is a thing you can do to offset
             | some of this: read all of the comments. Plenty of times
             | there will be someone in the comments pointing out what's
             | wrong in the videos.
             | 
             | The problem with Lithium Ion installations of any size is
             | that the batteries are inherently dangerous and mistakes
             | can easily set you back more than you saved on the whole
             | thing. Unlike say your car where as long as you stay away
             | from suspension, brakes and steering the worst that could
             | happen is that you end up stranded by the road side.
             | 
             | Another issue is that when it goes wrong with Lithium Ion
             | it can go wrong _fast_ and it isn 't easy, or sometimes
             | even possible, to stop a thermal runaway once it gets
             | going, especially with densely packed cells, besides the
             | fact that you likely won't be watching your batteries 24x7.
             | 
             | There are some people on youtube that advocate for
             | extremely unsafe practices (Jehu Garcia, for instance) and
             | that have a huge following, so Will Prowse is certainly not
             | the worst that you could run into there. It would also be
             | good if he indicated more clearly what his sponsorship
             | relations are and how that relates to the advice that he is
             | giving, quite a few of his videos feel like thinly
             | disguised ads.
        
               | DyslexicAtheist wrote:
               | very much with you and GP on this. the route I personally
               | take is to learn with small trials and error of what
               | comments and advise is good and what is silly or outright
               | dangerous. Places I frequent for such advise though
               | aren't YT videos but forums where it's easy for others to
               | call out silly ideas (which isn't always the case on YT).
               | YT is at best a gateway to deeper content such as
               | explosion-charts, repair and maintenance manuals, etc. I
               | think batteries here are not too different than breaks,
               | steering or suspension (all components I've grown
               | comfortable to touch although not on my very first DYI
               | project but years into messing and learning about the
               | same vehicle).
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I would highly recommend battery university, they have
               | excellent content:
               | 
               | https://batteryuniversity.com/
        
               | wglb wrote:
               | Another very good resource is
               | http://www.arrl.org/news/new-book-energy-choices-for-the-
               | rad.... The author is more well known for inventing
               | http://www.aprs.org/
        
             | Syonyk wrote:
             | I've zero objections with people learning about power
             | systems and such.
             | 
             | My objection is with people learning it from YouTube,
             | because the ratio of "good, safe, correct information" to
             | "absolute crap" is horrible, and until you're quite solid
             | in the field, there are people very confidently spouting
             | exceedingly wrong and dangerous information (tip: If you
             | _ever_ see anyone soldering to an 18650, assume everything
             | else they 're doing is wrong as well, because that's such a
             | huge violation of every manufacturer datasheet - it dumps
             | radically more thermal energy into the cell and plastic
             | separator than they're designed for).
             | 
             | There are plenty of better sources for information on how
             | to do things energy related than YouTube.
        
           | kyleee wrote:
           | "YouTube is simply the wrong medium to try to teach detailed"
           | 
           | YouTube is literally just humans talking, so you are
           | basically saying you don't think humans can teach complicated
           | subjects?
        
             | Syonyk wrote:
             | That's an absolutely absurd characterization of both
             | YouTube and actual teaching.
             | 
             | YouTube is dominantly entertainment/personality based
             | "edutainment" at best, based on what seems to percolate to
             | the top and be promoted. There's zero feedback outside
             | comments (standard warnings about comment sections apply
             | here).
             | 
             | The right way to teach complex subjects is a more
             | interactive process with hands on
             | material/learning/actually solving the problems yourself.
             | In the case of solar and energy systems, you can do this,
             | but if you don't have some basic EE background, it would be
             | wise to go get that first before listening to some slick
             | talking huckster selling their wares. _WHY_ do we size
             | wires the way we do (either for temperature limits or for
             | voltage drop, depending on the application)? _What 's
             | wrong_ with a 5000W 12V inverter (500A or so, and the I^2
             | components of resistive losses, paired with the voltage
             | drop from those)?
             | 
             | I don't think a human lecturing blindly into the void
             | optimizing for "engagement" (whatever metrics those are
             | based on this week) can competently teach any real detailed
             | material, no. That doesn't mean that people can't teach
             | complex material. It just means YouTube is _not_ the place
             | or medium for it.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | This is true, but there are definitely positive
               | exceptions to this rule.
        
               | barbecue_sauce wrote:
               | A lot of educational content on YouTube is made by people
               | who have no idea (or interest in) how to optimize for
               | engagement. I'd be willing to bet there is fairly
               | competent basic EE instruction on YouTube that includes
               | lab instructions, working with simulations, problems, and
               | pulling in other exogenous resources to aid in
               | understanding. Its not just a wasteland of pop science
               | like Veritasium, et al.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | woleium wrote:
             | YouTube encourages generating content that rates well, i.e.
             | is entertaining. I agree that learning should be fun, but I
             | don't want to learn about life threating topics from videos
             | that are designed foremost to be entertaining.
        
               | barbecue_sauce wrote:
               | There is plenty of non-entertaining yet informative and
               | detailed educational content on YouTube. The
               | "entertaining" videos are usually just a gateway to more
               | dry and traditional lectures and courses that are
               | provided by universities and other content generators
               | that see YouTube as a general resource and not an income
               | stream.
        
             | jrootabega wrote:
             | "YouTube" can mean at least two things:
             | 
             | 1. A theoretical space for someone with good ideas and good
             | intentions to share those with the world.
             | 
             | 2. The actual experience that viewers will have on YouTube
             | if they were to open it today.
             | 
             | 1. and 2. would be almost diametrically opposed these days.
             | If YouTube provided ways for viewers to honestly and fairly
             | discover, rate, filter, and share videos and channels, then
             | the people in case 2 would be able to reliably find the
             | people in case 1. And if YouTube didn't force video makers
             | to pervert their personality and format into algorithm-
             | pleasing parodies, then people in case 1. could continue to
             | produce the content they actually want to produce as long
             | as they were able to. But it's not possible today.
        
         | Syonyk wrote:
         | > _Will Prose seems like a really great person._
         | 
         | My opinion of him after his attempts to interact in this thread
         | (turn "show dead" on - a bunch of his more arrogant/abrasive
         | posts have been killed, and it looks like he's posting as
         | Solar2 as well) is now far, _far_ lower than it was.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Ditto. I had him pegged as well meaning but sometimes a bit
           | less knowledgeable than he wanted to come across but that
           | didn't stand the test of interaction.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | I have seen enough of his videos to know that he can be
         | spectacularly wrong (dangerously so) about some of his stuff
         | and if you are not already very knowledgeable about this then
         | you may well end up following some very bad advice.
         | 
         | This guy has far more practical experience and seems to be less
         | error prone, and also does not shy away from showing when he
         | gets it wrong, which is often far more valuable than a polished
         | and edited video:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0pBauLp63yzf6sVdEOIUbA
         | 
         | If you want to learn about DIY off grid power from youtube I'd
         | start here.
        
           | willprowseiv wrote:
        
             | wglb wrote:
             | The comment despite having some useful sentences, is too
             | confrontational for this site and someone flagged it. I
             | would love to see substantial comments from you here. Check
             | the guidelines linked at the bottom of the page.
        
           | knorker wrote:
           | Interesting. Can you give examples about when he's been
           | dangerously wrong?
        
             | AYBABTME wrote:
             | I can't recall particular instances but I've seen the same
             | before. FWIW he's getting less stuff wrong over time.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | > FWIW he's getting less stuff wrong over time.
               | 
               | That's hopeful, with that kind of following he has some
               | serious responsibility. At the same time, I cringe when I
               | see people working with large packs on workbenches with
               | loose metal laying around, totally irresponsible pack
               | geometries where balance wires cross and recross each
               | other with abandon, recycled cells that have visible
               | external damage and so on. Youtube is a great way to pick
               | up some 'worst practices' thinking that if these youtube
               | stars are doing it it must be ok.
        
               | willprowseiv wrote:
               | Like what?! Can't any of you people backup your claims.
               | It's just empty complaining on this site without
               | evidence. It's driving me nuts. Show me what I said or
               | have done that was wrong.
        
               | AYBABTME wrote:
               | Mate, I've been following you for a while and have a
               | generally positive opinion of you. I think you're not
               | going to have a good experience coming here with your
               | guns out. I watch all your videos, but wouldn't I be a
               | fool if I just absorbed what you say as gospel? You don't
               | do this yourself, don't you?
               | 
               | I'm happy for you and your success and I'm very happy
               | there are people out there like you changing their life
               | outcome out of sheer will, while providing the community
               | with unbiased product reviews and independent tests.
               | 
               | Please don't take the criticism as a personal attack.
               | Unfortunately, I just don't recall which information you
               | said at some point that made me cringe. Like I said, I've
               | watched a lot of your videos and haven't had any cringe
               | moments like this for a while now.
               | 
               | EDIT: also fyi, this website has an automated banning
               | process if you're a new account with too many downvotes.
               | Unfortunately, the few messages you've written have a
               | confrontational tone that usually attracts a lot of
               | downvotes. If you care at all, may I suggest that you
               | avoid that tone/style. I'd love if you posted here in the
               | future. Take that as you will.
        
               | Solar2 wrote:
               | No of course not, I just see people on this site stating
               | to use recycled NMC cells that are capable of burning
               | down their house with one wrong move, then saying my
               | videos are dangerous. I cover safety all the time, more
               | so than any other channel I know. I do not understand why
               | people are saying these things. I work very hard to make
               | my videos, and people here on this site who do not
               | understand batteries are trying to criticize me. It
               | really makes me mad.
               | 
               | And thank you. Just figured out the automated banning
               | process and am using a VPN now. I just want to respond to
               | people, and I hope they can provide evidence of when I
               | did something dangerous. Or said something wrong. And
               | yes, I see what you mean about the downvotes. I am very
               | upset right now because I could argue every point made
               | against me here. I also allow people to criticize
               | whatever they wish on my forum, so it makes it hard on
               | this site where I am instantly censored if I get
               | downvotes. It is very frustrating.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Instead of being 'seriously upset' you could ask yourself
               | if posting this kind of stuff:
               | 
               | https://www.mobile-solarpower.com/diy-beginner-friendly-
               | sola...
               | 
               | Is going to bolster your reputation as safety conscious
               | or harm it, besides your general attitude in this thread.
               | You are quite clearly advising people to copy this
               | design, you make money of them doing so. Even a one-off
               | should be better designed, let alone something intended
               | for duplication.
               | 
               | I had you down as well meaning but a bit out of your
               | depth at times, let's just say that that didn't improve
               | based on the interaction here and your various comments.
        
               | knorker wrote:
               | Just a tip that while HN looks like reddit, it's not
               | reddit. And deliberately so.
               | 
               | E.g. you can't downvotes responses to your own comment.
               | This to steer into a different type of conversation.
               | 
               | I can't say I've fully internalized it, but it does make
               | for much less shitposting compared to reddit.
               | 
               | The downvotes i don't think are due to disagreement or
               | even anger.
               | 
               | I understand your frustration (especially since the
               | critique is so unspecific), but i believe the downvotes
               | don't mean what you think they mean, and it's not
               | personal.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Sure, but I will have to go through a couple of months
             | worth of youtube history, I was binge watching anything
             | about Lithium Ion when I was working on this:
             | 
             | https://jacquesmattheij.com/long-range-ebike/
             | 
             | As a result I have a very long article on Lithium Ion
             | battery safety and pack construction in the works, but
             | exactly for the reasons the GGP lists I'm pretty careful
             | about releasing that, I want to triple check everything
             | before putting it out there to ensure that the net result
             | is a positive one.
             | 
             | Also: I don't like the youtube format for stuff like this.
             | It would be _far_ better to have these things as blog posts
             | rather than as videos, that would make them much more
             | searchable and easier to annotate.
             | 
             | But just to give you two memorable items: at some point
             | Will shows himself working with naked steel tools on a
             | massive, fully charged, unfused battery pack. Just one
             | wrong move or a dropped tool and the carnage would be
             | substantial. That shows to me that he may have good
             | theoretical knowledge but doesn't really know all that much
             | about working with this stuff in practice and how to do so
             | safely. In another video there is a whole slew of balance
             | wires coming out of a pack, crossing and recrossing with
             | abandon. Balance wires are usually not fused, the wires
             | rubbing means that if that installation were for long term
             | use that eventually the balance wires would short out and
             | if you're lucky it would just result in a balance wire
             | evaporating, if you're unlucky it would start a fire right
             | next to a massive Li Ion battery, something that you really
             | don't want to do because of their thermal sensitivity. The
             | risk is that the whole pack would ignite and good luck
             | putting that out.
             | 
             | I went to the ETS in Amsterdam, a school for electrical
             | technicians, mid level. The one thing that was drilled into
             | us over and over again during the practical parts of that
             | education is that in the electrical world there are young
             | safe technicians and young sloppy technicians, but there
             | are no old sloppy technicians.
             | 
             | Will is still young.
        
               | willprowseiv wrote:
               | Just because I am young doesn't mean anything. I know
               | what I'm talking about. I started coding and building
               | robots when I was 13, and circuit design at 15. Solar
               | power is dead simple.
               | 
               | Yeah I can work with raw terminals because I don't make
               | silly mistakes. I've been working with low voltage DC for
               | decades. Most of the systems I throw together are for
               | educational use. Those balance wires were probably a
               | rapid prototype pack where I was testing something. I
               | know what I'm doing and how it works. And wow you're so
               | dramatic about the balance wires why don't you criticize
               | the companies that offer their pack configurations in
               | ways that you complain about? There are many companies
               | that throw these packs together and sell them to
               | unsuspecting people, and you are giving me a hard time
               | when making a quick pack to educate or test something?
               | Give me a break
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | > Yeah I can work with raw terminals because I don't make
               | silly mistakes.
               | 
               | This attitude will cost you dearly and is _exactly_ the
               | difference between being a responsible educator and
               | someone who probably should pause to ask themselves if
               | they are on the right track.
               | 
               | You are setting a bad example and many thousands of
               | people will follow in your tracks adopting your very
               | unsafe practices as though that's the way to do it. Some
               | of them will end up hurt.
               | 
               | It pretty much validates my earlier assessment but I'm
               | actually a bit surprised that you would come out to make
               | it so obvious.
               | 
               | > Those balance wires were probably a rapid prototype
               | pack where I was testing something.
               | 
               | Yes, but that's not what matters here. What matters here
               | is that people see you work and believe that's the way
               | it's done. With authority comes responsibility.
               | 
               | > And wow you're so dramatic about the balance wires why
               | don't you criticize the companies that offer their pack
               | configurations in ways that you complain about?
               | 
               | That's whataboutism. We're discussing you, not some
               | company. These tricks don't really work on HN.
               | 
               | > There are many companies that throw these packs
               | together and sell them to unsuspecting people, and you
               | are giving me a hard time when making a quick pack to
               | educate or test something?
               | 
               | Yes, I'm giving you a hard time because you are at the
               | same time claiming to be educating _and_ you are
               | advocating unsafe practices while doing so.
               | 
               | > Give me a break
               | 
               | Unlikely, and after this comment _far_ less so.
               | 
               | But thank you for clearing up any ambiguity about where
               | your feeling about responsibility lies.
        
               | Solar2 wrote:
        
               | fpgaminer wrote:
               | > I started coding and building robots when I was 13, and
               | circuit design at 15. Solar power is dead simple.
               | 
               | Similar, but I would _never_ play fast and loose around
               | batteries of those sizes just because I felt like I won't
               | make "silly mistakes". Everyone, even professionals who
               | have been doing dangerous work for decades, make silly
               | mistakes. That's why professionals don't fuck around. One
               | wrong move with large lithium cells and you've got a
               | massive jet of fire in your workshop that can't be put
               | out.
               | 
               | Similarly, I'm a woodworker and while I feel like I know
               | what I'm doing around a table saw these days, I _always_
               | make sure to have my adrenaline pumping when making cuts.
               | I Point and Call my safety checklist every single time. I
               | wear my safety glasses for even the simplest cuts off the
               | table saw. And guess what? It has saved my bacon. It's
               | the simple, mundane, "I don't make silly mistakes" days
               | that cost you.
               | 
               | > And wow you're so dramatic
               | 
               | It's better etiquette to address the content of a comment
               | rather than lob insults against the commenter. The former
               | is less argumentative and can be more informative. Strive
               | to enlighten and inform. Nobody learns anything useful
               | from phrases like "you're so dramatic", "Give me a
               | break", "you are giving me a hard time", "Are you kidding
               | me?", "You have no clue what you are talking about", etc.
        
               | LinuxBender wrote:
               | I had commented to this affect on his channel and my
               | comment was removed. Same with other channels where
               | people are drilling without hand and eye protection.
        
               | willprowseiv wrote:
               | I usually always wear eye protection. YouTube deletes
               | comments constantly. And leaves the spam comments. Have
               | you not used YouTube in the last ten years? I can't stand
               | it
        
               | LinuxBender wrote:
               | I can't tell how Youtube decides what to keep and what to
               | remove or if my comment was removed by a bot or by the
               | channel owner. On a traditional forum a moderator would
               | tell me if something was out of line.
               | 
               | For what it's worth if you are the Will Prowse from
               | Youtube I do appreciate the videos you make. Your channel
               | has exposed me to companies I didn't know existed. The
               | Hysolis tear-down was interesting and saves me from
               | having to take things apart and risk warranty arguments
               | with the vendor. There are some shady vendors making bold
               | claims and it is nice to see which ones are the real
               | deal.
        
               | Solar2 wrote:
               | I spent an hour yesterday deleting spam, and then I get
               | emails from long time viewers stating that their comments
               | have been removed. I cannot tell you how frustrating it
               | is. I try to fix this every single day, and I get my long
               | time viewers to report the spam. Youtubes system is
               | awful.
               | 
               | Thank you!! Hysolis is awesome, and with the LF inverter,
               | you can easily work on it yourself. I am glad my videos
               | help :) There are tons of scams online these days, and I
               | love exposing them.
        
               | LinuxBender wrote:
               | _There are tons of scams online these days, and I love
               | exposing them._
               | 
               | Please keep up the great work. That is a very worthy
               | battle and will save people a lot of frustration and
               | money.
               | 
               | I plan to get 3 of the Hysolis portable units. Last I
               | checked they didn't have the external battery available
               | as an option yet so I've been holding out. I'm also
               | hoping they have custom shipping options because Amazon
               | uses UPS and they track snow into their trucks which
               | isn't great for electronics. That inverter is heavy so it
               | will be on the floor of the truck for sure.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That's _really_ bad because your comment would at least
               | give people a chance to calibrate the degree to which
               | they should trust this stuff. Any video that aims to be
               | instructional should at least spend some time on the
               | safety aspects of what they are doing.
        
           | wglb wrote:
           | Would be very interested to see specifically he has wrong. I
           | have ee background and don't see major issues
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | I've given a few examples in another comment. I will review
             | his videos and make notes with timestamps but that will
             | take some time.
        
       | m0ngr31 wrote:
       | I live in an off-grid house. Solar isn't perfect, but it's been
       | pretty good all things considered 6 months in. Converting an
       | airport shuttle bus into an RV now, so I'll have to look this
       | over for that.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Cool, I'd love to see the write-up on that if you have the
         | time.
        
         | kortilla wrote:
         | Where did you buy the bus from?
        
           | m0ngr31 wrote:
           | Just from some local classifieds.
        
       | rklaehn wrote:
       | This is a nice resource.
       | 
       | I am building an off grid / backup solar install for a house in
       | rural Romania. I want it to be off grid capable, but also be able
       | to use the grid when available.
       | 
       | One thing I am curious about: do the all in one systems like
       | Growatt or MPT also provide voltage stabilization? The grid here
       | has really bad voltage stability.
       | 
       | Sometimes the voltage drops down to 180V (should be 220V in
       | Europe). Some devices like LED lightbulbs and washing machines
       | don't like this at all.
       | 
       | So if these devices provide voltage stabilization, that would be
       | great. I would then buy one and a few batteries, and later add
       | the PV panels. It is going to be about 12kW of roof integrated
       | PV.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | What you want to look for in an inverter is called brownout
         | protection capability. This is usually the higher end of the
         | inverter ranges but quality gear can sometimes be bought second
         | hand from marine salvage companies.
        
         | driverdan wrote:
         | I can't speak to all equipment but Victron inverters can handle
         | this situation. If the voltage is outside the desired range it
         | will augment with batteries or switch over to batteries
         | entirely.
        
         | cfn wrote:
         | Offgrid inverters either get the power from the
         | batteries/charge controllers or they get the power from the
         | grid (usually to charge the batteries - they are called
         | charger-inverters, look at the Outback VFX series for an
         | example). This means that either you get the unstable grid
         | power or you get the stable solar/battery power. Maybe there
         | are inverters that somehow compensate and correct the power but
         | I doubt it since they would be fighting the rest of the grid.
         | 
         | I would suggest that you add solar with a small battery bank
         | and use the grid for overnight and for dark day charging. This
         | way you have the best of both worlds as you only need a big
         | battery bank if you need a lot of power when there is no sun.
         | 
         | P.S. Start with a 48 system since you are going for so much
         | solar power. It is safer and cheaper in the long run.
        
           | rklaehn wrote:
           | Maybe the all in one system is not good in that case. I was
           | hoping that since they already have the AC-DC inverter built
           | in they could also do voltage stabilization.
           | 
           | Maybe charge the batteries from either the grid or the PV
           | panels, and always run the house off the batteries via a
           | separate inverter. That way, you got the inefficiency of
           | AC->DC->AC but always have stable voltage.
           | 
           | In the long run I want this to be mostly off grid anyway,
           | with the grid as just an emergency option...
        
             | cfn wrote:
             | Yes, that is a good idea. Get a separate charger and always
             | run the house from the isolated side. This will be more
             | expensive as a good inverter/charger runs in the 1k-2k
             | Euros area and you would need two (unless you find a
             | suitable battery charger which is not very easy). I lived
             | offgrid for nearly a decade and built myself three
             | different solar systems. I started with a small all in one
             | and found out that they are limiting when you want to
             | expand since you usually cannot add more charge controllers
             | and/or panels (which are the easiest way to expand a
             | system). I ended up giving it away and building the others
             | from separate systems. My biggest mistake was starting with
             | 24 volts instead of 48 volts. It is cheaper but it gets a
             | bit dangerous as you step up the power usage and there
             | aren't many options for breakers and such.
        
       | recursinging wrote:
       | For folks interested in a more basic, low level, open source
       | approach to this topic, check out Electrodacus [1]. I built a
       | small system using the SBMS0 in my camper van and have been
       | pretty pleased with the results. If having access to schematics
       | and source code is important to you, have a look.
       | 
       | [1] https://electrodacus.com/
        
       | mym1990 wrote:
       | This is super awesome! I do some overlanding/longer roadtrips in
       | backcountry but have yet to gather the courage to install a solar
       | system. Certainly bookmarking this for future reference :D
        
         | chrissnell wrote:
         | I've driven something like 60,000 off-road miles since I bought
         | my first truck in 2005. For overlanding, all you really need is
         | a one big, high quality battery. The Odyssey PC2150 series are
         | great batteries. Not cheap, but fantastic. It's very difficult
         | to kill one.
         | 
         | Also, you'd be surprised how little energy you actually use out
         | there. A quality fridge-freezer like an Engel or ARB can be run
         | for days before it will discharge the battery in a parked truck
         | enough to not turn the starter. This scenario pretty much never
         | happens, so get a good battery, a good fridge, and you'll be
         | fine.
        
           | throwawaysea wrote:
           | Out of curiosity how far off grid do you go in your truck.
           | That is, how far by distance and time are you away from the
           | grid and stores? I know little about this stuff but am
           | interested and would appreciate any helpful resources or
           | videos you know of for a newbie. I'm interested from an
           | overlanding / camping perspective but also a bug out vehicle
           | perspective.
        
             | mym1990 wrote:
             | This guy has a pretty awesome channel and you can probably
             | rabbit hole from there:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50wQBUX-Lbs
             | 
             | It is an interesting feeling when you are truly bugging out
             | or off the grid, almost a primal kind of thing, because
             | instances where self reliance is the only thing left is
             | becoming less and less of an occurrence. If you ever go
             | camping in the wilderness by yourself and set in for the
             | night alone, you probably know the feeling!
        
         | Syonyk wrote:
         | If you're going to do solar on an RV, you really should read
         | Handy Bob Solar too [0]. The site formatting sucks, it's very
         | much wall-o-text, and he's _absolutely_ right in everything he
         | says and rants about regarding RV solar.
         | 
         | Far too many solar installers just treat a system as the entry
         | to people coming back for more, when the problem is that they
         | don't know enough to adjust it properly for the stuff that was
         | installed in the first place.
         | 
         | [0]: https://handybobsolar.wordpress.com/
         | 
         | //EDIT: So, apparently, a site that's been static since 2011
         | and I've linked quite a lot over the years was updated again in
         | 2020 with some ranting about Covid. You can safely ignore that,
         | and read his older writings on solar installs, because just
         | about everything he says about that is correct, at a "Spend
         | five years hands on with solar and you'll eventually come to
         | agree with him, no matter how loony he sounds about some of it
         | when you start in."
        
           | cfn wrote:
           | Nice, someone with a non standard/officially approved opinion
           | is a loony and is served with such epithets as "f*ck is with
           | the antivax covid-hoax propaganda".
        
           | pengaru wrote:
           | What the ever living fuck is with the antivax covid-hoax
           | propaganda? Did you seriously just link that here?
        
             | Syonyk wrote:
             | Read the rest about solar, I actually just grabbed it from
             | my bookmarks and didn't realize he'd posted anything new
             | since 2011. Ignore the first few posts and carry on reading
             | his rants about solar, batteries, wire gauge, charge
             | controller location, charging voltage, panel placement,
             | shading, etc.
        
               | pengaru wrote:
        
               | Syonyk wrote:
               | I've been dealing with an off grid solar office for 5+
               | years now. Year round power, heating (propane at times,
               | candles/kerosene at others, electricity most of the time
               | if I have the light), and have spent the bulk of this
               | time in some esoteric backwaters communities on IRC with
               | other people who do the same sort of thing.
               | 
               | It's really, _really_ hard to find people who have
               | written accurately about solar on the internet. What he
               | said about solar, RV installs, battery charging, etc, is
               | all 100% accurate. He deals with the broken installs by
               | the places that advertise that they know what they 're
               | doing.
               | 
               | If you're willing to toss all that out based on more
               | recent writings, it's your choice, but I try to judge
               | writings based on their accuracy, not what I think about
               | the person. You're entitled to judge writings however you
               | want, but if you're considering off grid solar and write
               | the guy's writings off, your loss.
        
               | pengaru wrote:
               | How intelligent can the guy be when he's flagrantly
               | demonstrating such flawed thinking? It calls into
               | question everything he writes, full stop. Better things
               | to do with my time and why give him more audience.
        
               | nerdponx wrote:
               | Greater intelligence & creativity just means you can tell
               | yourself increasingly clever and convincing lies.
               | 
               | Conspiracy-theory-ism is an "emotions" problem, not an
               | "intelligence" problem.
        
               | anamax wrote:
               | I take it you discount everything associated with Isaac
               | Newton as well.
        
               | csours wrote:
               | Intelligence has almost nothing to do with it. The whole
               | 'rona thing has been very very stressful and many people
               | have not reacted well to it. Scam artists have exploited
               | this stress (as they always have and always will). Some
               | people have been led astray and some are leading people
               | astray, and some are both.
               | 
               | At any rate, it is an impairment of gathering and
               | processing information correctly, not intelligence. It's
               | a filter problem. I had a really hard time with this too,
               | after seeing how people I previously respected dealt with
               | this whole thing.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | For what it's worth - I'm strongly in favor of people
               | choosing to get vaccinated and masking up in public. I
               | despise the people who made this a wedge issue for their
               | own benefit.
               | 
               | I also think that being self-righteous about it is very
               | tempting but also very bad and destructive to discourse.
        
               | pengaru wrote:
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | > Either way it's a non-negotiable indicator for a high
               | probability of noise in the signal emitting from his
               | general direction.
               | 
               | Well yeah, the noise is the most recent posts.
               | 
               | Easy to filter out, too.
               | 
               | And what, do you not think someone can change in ten
               | years either?
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | People who disregard everything someone has to say based
               | on one belief are generally pretty stupid themselves.
               | What an impressive way to discourage critical thinking.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | There are many intelligent people who purport to be
               | Christian/Muslim/etc, which all require severely flawed
               | thinking to seriously believe.
               | 
               | What you're doing is conducting an ad hominem attack,
               | assuming that this dude's views on one topic have any
               | relevance to the accuracy of a completely different topic
               | (with a nearly decade gap nonetheless).
        
               | Syonyk wrote:
               | I should judge the accuracy of what someone wrote nearly
               | a decade ago by what I think of what I think they believe
               | today?
               | 
               | It's a popular enough viewpoint today, certainly, but it
               | leads to throwing out huge swaths of perfectly good work
               | that could be useful. Obviously, I reject it. I don't
               | know the guy, I don't know what's happened to him or not
               | in the past decade since he was writing on the deep
               | truths of RV solar. I _do_ know that the more I learn
               | about solar from hands on operation, the more his
               | writings reflected what I 'd found through
               | experimentation/analysis/etc. You could apply plenty of
               | his rantings to some of the off-grid battery destroying
               | systems presented on YouTube as Grade A Amazing builds
               | and improve a lot on those systems.
               | 
               | But, if you're only willing to consider the viewpoints of
               | those you would consider show clear thinking, which
               | largely translates to "agrees with what I already think,"
               | you're welcome to go through life that way. I tend to
               | find that dreadfully boring and a good way to miss an
               | awful lot of really solid knowledge. I'm happy to learn
               | about lead acid battery quirks from people who've lived
               | with lead acid for half as long as I've been alive, even
               | if I think they make some pretty dumb decisions in life.
               | I know they question some of my decisions back.
               | 
               | Anyway, your mind is clearly settled and the issue is
               | closed on this particular bit of writings. You might go
               | find some of SunKing's rants about "max smoke charging"
               | useful as well, if you're dealing with off grid lead, but
               | I guarantee you won't like him much as a person either.
        
               | Diederich wrote:
               | Do you ensure that every bit of material that you read
               | isn't written by someone who also has some really stupid
               | and harmful beliefs about some other topic?
        
               | pengaru wrote:
               | > Do you ensure that every bit of material that you read
               | isn't written by someone who also has some really stupid
               | and harmful beliefs about some other topic?
               | 
               | Everyone makes mistakes, and I've been known to rescind
               | my references and recommendations upon making such
               | discoveries.
               | 
               | In this case all it takes is simply loading the
               | referenced page, the hogwash is front and center. Give me
               | a break.
        
               | Syonyk wrote:
               | > _... and I 've been known to rescind my references and
               | recommendations upon making such discoveries._
               | 
               | Why?
               | 
               | If person A makes some claim about subject X at some
               | point in time, and you find it true and worth sharing,
               | what then makes their claims invalid if you discover
               | later that person A believes something you find
               | distasteful? If their statement about X was true at the
               | point in time it was made, is it any less true if you
               | discover you can't stand the person?
               | 
               | What if you read a book by someone who makes well written
               | arguments and an enjoyable read, and then attend a book
               | signing years later and realize that they have rancid BO
               | or something, and are oddly vocal about [insert some
               | fetish you find exceedingly disgusting here]? Does the
               | character of the author you discover later impact the
               | arguments in the previous book?
               | 
               | It's a really odd and, IMO, exceedingly broken filter for
               | what sources of information you're willing to consider.
               | It makes it really easy to never go outside your own
               | head, because anyone who believes all the same things you
               | do can't have anything terribly interesting to teach you,
               | and anyone who believes different things can be spun as
               | somehow abominable.
               | 
               | I'm not nearly so arrogant as to think I know everything.
               | I'm certain there are things I'm wrong about, though I've
               | no idea what they are at the moment. I'm equally certain
               | that I have rather different opinions about subjects than
               | many of the people I interact with, either in person or
               | online. Some of them make for interesting conversations
               | (I prefer a fire pit, pipe or cigars, and a bit of
               | whiskey to make things civil), some of them we simply
               | agree not to discuss, and that's fine.
        
               | Diederich wrote:
               | > I've been known to rescind my references and
               | recommendations upon making such discoveries
               | 
               | You understand that most everybody who was born in the
               | first part of the 20th century or earlier believed quite
               | a few things that we now consider pretty abhorrent.
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | Calm down, this isn't Reddit/Facebook.
        
       | varelse wrote:
       | Why no love for victron HW? My RV is wired up along with 7.2 KWh
       | worth of battleborn lithium.
        
         | wglb wrote:
         | He does cover them in some of his videos.
        
       | Cannabat wrote:
       | The website's author hosts an excellent forum [0] focused on DIY
       | solar power, for anybody who wants to get a bit deeper in to this
       | and has questions or needs help sourcing parts (like LiFePO4
       | cells and BMSes) from China.
       | 
       | I recently built a LiFePO4 battery and upgraded our caravan
       | (trailer) electrical system following these guides and with help
       | from the forum. Couldn't have done it without those resources.
       | 
       | [0]: https://diysolarforum.com/
        
       | 2Gkashmiri wrote:
       | As I wrote a few weeks ago, I have been successfully running an
       | on-grid 5Kw solar system that has immensely helped me.
       | 
       | The on grid part helps with credit banking during summer and
       | using in winters. For that, I changed my on grid inverter with a
       | "phocos solar inverter" that does the same thing but also, when
       | there is a grid power outage, it still supplies power to home
       | without having batteries.
       | 
       | I haven't bought batteries because of the cost but this has been
       | a good experience.
       | 
       | My panels are 16*325W and I produce around 30Kwh during the day
       | in summers and during the current winter, I get enough to run
       | appliances, rice cooker and lighting.
        
       | sys_64738 wrote:
       | Any costing data?
        
       | unnouinceput wrote:
       | Buy this, buy that and oh! don't DIY because my stuff is more
       | awesome and everything. Since when we get ads at top of HN?. I
       | flagged this crap.
        
         | wglb wrote:
         | Not an ad. His YouTube reviews are all about diy and cover many
         | brands of batteries and f at liar systems.
        
           | unnouinceput wrote:
        
       | AYBABTME wrote:
       | Something awesome about boats and RVs is you can experiment with
       | that stuff without permits and learn a lot.
        
       | melenaos wrote:
       | I want to add some panels at my home to lower the monthly power
       | bill but as I understand I have to direct the energy to
       | something, such as fridge or AC, and when there is not enought
       | energy from the sun either automatically switch to grid or
       | manually.
       | 
       | Where can I find such information to build a hybrid energy
       | solution?
        
         | Faaak wrote:
         | All grid-tied solar panels (i.e. what you get when you install
         | solar panels at your home) will do that automatically. Don't
         | don't have to do anything.
         | 
         | Solar will be consumed in priority. If there's too much it will
         | be sold and if there's some missing il will be automatically
         | (by the laws of physics) imported from the grid.
        
       | mastax wrote:
       | An interesting teardown of one of the Ecoflow Delta plug-and-play
       | inverter-batteries by Matthias Wandel:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0aFj4l3EDa8
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-12-26 23:02 UTC)