[HN Gopher] Watching video twice at 2x can benefit learning bett...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Watching video twice at 2x can benefit learning better than once at
       normal speed
        
       Author : jvican
       Score  : 289 points
       Date   : 2021-12-23 09:19 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (digest.bps.org.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (digest.bps.org.uk)
        
       | gnicholas wrote:
       | For those who didn't read the full article, a couple tidbits not
       | covered in the headline:
       | 
       | > _The timing mattered, though: only those who'd watched the 2x
       | video for a second time immediately before a test, rather than
       | right after the first viewing, got this advantage._
       | 
       | Also, if subjects watched only once, there was no downside vis a
       | vis 1x watching, until reaching 2.5x:
       | 
       | > _the 1.5x and 2x groups did just as well on the tests as those
       | who'd watched the videos at normal speed, both immediately
       | afterwards and one week on. Only at 2.5x was learning impaired._
        
       | m_st wrote:
       | Great idea and I can relate to that. However, I still prefer text
       | and reading. I'm always missing CTRL+F / CMD+F with video
       | bookmarks.
        
       | agumonkey wrote:
       | I wonder if khan academy noticed this too.
        
       | calibas wrote:
       | From the actual study:
       | 
       | >We also compared learning outcomes after watching videos once at
       | 1x or twice at 2x speed. _There was not an advantage to watching
       | twice at 2x speed_ but if participants watched the video again at
       | 2x speed immediately before the test, compared with watching once
       | at 1x a week before the test, comprehension improved.
       | 
       | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/acp.3899?af=R
       | 
       | Seems like an odd comparison to make, watching a video one week
       | before a test versus twice immediately before the test.
        
       | Eliezer wrote:
       | Okay but is that still true if you use batch normalization and
       | does it beat SOTA
        
       | ahdh8f4hf4h8 wrote:
       | (Note: full study PDF is on researchgate)
       | 
       | I would take this with a giant grain of salt:
       | 
       | 1.) N is in the hundreds of students, all with similar
       | backgrounds - likely a highly specific population. It may not
       | generalize well.
       | 
       | 2.) The videos were pretty short: 3-15 minutes long.
       | 
       | 3.) The overall effect size is pretty miniscule - it would make
       | little practical difference.
       | 
       | 4.) The video topics were roman history and real estate
       | appraisals.
       | 
       | It will be interesting to see if this generalizes (to longer
       | durations, more technical topics, more diverse population, etc.),
       | but given the above I wouldn't change any personal habits based
       | on this study.
        
         | rocqua wrote:
         | Would be interesting if e.g. watching twice at 3x speed would
         | yield the same result as just watching once.
        
         | calf wrote:
         | My problem is that they're studying retention, not mastery.
         | Like how would this work for math or science lecture at the
         | senior or graduate level?
         | 
         | In a more radical way I almost think playing a video in any
         | nonlinear, noncontinuous fashion would have learning advantages
         | because what matters isn't what you passively remember from the
         | lecture but the amount of work you spend actively thinking
         | about the material.
        
       | binkHN wrote:
       | I watch most of my videos at 2x. Well, 1.75x as 2x sometimes
       | makes it too difficult to understand someone, particularly if
       | that person has a strong accent. I find this allows me to digest
       | more content in less time, especially if the person is a slow
       | speaker.
       | 
       | If I miss something or can't grok something well enough, I'll
       | rewind or, well, slow it down a bit for that piece.
       | 
       | What do I not watch at 2x? Movie trailers. I want to appreciate
       | the theatrical efforts.
        
       | OJFord wrote:
       | Isn't this a straightforward corollary of 'more than 50%
       | information can be gleaned when watching at 2x speed'?
        
         | jonsen wrote:
         | I'll buy that, if you mean 'more than 50% of the information,
         | that can be gleaned when watching at 1x speed, can be gleaned
         | when watching at 2x speed'.
        
         | bopbeepboop wrote:
        
         | yccs27 wrote:
         | Not necessarily. Watching a second time will usually give you
         | less new information than the first time (obviously if you
         | already know more than 50%, there is less to learn)
        
           | OJFord wrote:
           | But revisiting content is good and helps learning. So what I
           | meant was that as long as you're not purely re-watching to
           | catch what you missed the first time due to speed, any
           | overlap is beneficial.
        
       | spodek wrote:
       | > _Watching lecture videos is now a major part of many students'
       | university experience._
       | 
       | This sentence is the most important, describing a failure in
       | education. Once I learned to teach through project-based
       | learning, I'm never going back, largely because of student
       | feedback, that they learn more and are more engaged.
       | 
       | I'm not saying we don't learn from lecture at all, but a lot less
       | relative to other ways. Maybe some subjects or professors work
       | with lecturing, but not subjects that I studied in college.
        
       | commoner wrote:
       | The most important sentence in the article:
       | 
       | > The timing mattered, though: only those who'd watched the 2x
       | video for a second time immediately before a test, rather than
       | right after the first viewing, got this advantage.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | What about watching a video at 1x twice
        
         | smiley1437 wrote:
         | Sounds a lot like early spaced repetition effects
         | (supermemo/anki) but without the extended repetitions?
        
           | laserlight wrote:
           | More like cramming before the exam in this case. Though, one
           | can use rewatching as a spaced repetition session. The key
           | would be to actively try to remember the narrative of the
           | lecture. Otherwise, passive rewatching wouldn't help as much.
        
         | unknownus3r wrote:
         | Another thing: what were the scores? If the 2x watchers got a
         | 70 instead of a 50 does that really help? In college I was
         | trying to get As not Cs
        
       | geocrasher wrote:
       | If anybody can watch the following video at 2x and get _anything_
       | out of it, you 're a better man than I.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D_7Y33AoagY
        
       | adenadel wrote:
       | In case anyone is interested, you can get 3x or 4x on YouTube by
       | opening the console and using this one-liner
       | 
       | document.getElementsByTagName("video")[0].playbackRate = 3
        
       | jasode wrote:
       | I'm guessing the submission might be in response to the recent
       | "Against 3x" essay: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29621642
       | 
       | Another variation on 2x is to listen to _2 different people at
       | 2x_ on the same topic can convey concepts better than listening
       | to only 1 at 1x. Different speakers use different vocabulary,
       | different analogies, etc.
       | 
       | As for listening to the same presentation twice at 2x, one reason
       | it works better is that most narratives or lectures do not
       | provide a "mental map" or "scaffolding" to hang all the sentences
       | on. So the 1st pass feels like it's a bit random and incoherent
       | but it lets listeners mentally build an outline structure in
       | their head, and then the 2nd pass makes it easier to link the
       | sentences to that structure and it feels more coherent.
       | 
       | If speakers did a better job of explicitly providing that outline
       | structure _and constantly referring back to it during the
       | narration_ so listeners don 't get lost, the 2nd pass wouldn't be
       | as necessary.
        
       | cblconfederate wrote:
       | Would be interesting to know the duration of the videos used.
       | Spaced learning is known to work, but the timings used are
       | important.
        
       | aj7 wrote:
       | The entire concept of listening to lectures at all is under fire.
       | See https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/stop-lecturing-
       | me...
        
       | gsich wrote:
       | No shit, with Youtube favoring longer videos content creators
       | need to pan out the running time.
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | At one time there was an incitation to make 10 minutes long
         | videos but I don't think it is the case anymore. And while some
         | videos are padded out as an attempt to increase watch time,
         | most of the successful channels don't do it. For example, Lock
         | Picking Lawyer is particularly successful for the niche topic
         | it covers, and the author credit its short and to the point
         | videos as a contributing factor.
         | 
         | Speaking slowly is the norm in education in general. My parents
         | are both teachers, I am not but I received basic training in
         | education too, and "speak slowly" is always among the top
         | advice. Maybe we need to review the rules for video you can
         | control at will.
        
       | mindvirus wrote:
       | I did the Georgia Tech OMSCS, and this was similar to my study
       | strategy.
       | 
       | I'd watch the lecture videos 4 times total:
       | 
       | - Once at normal speed, without taking notes.
       | 
       | - Once at 1.5 or 2x speed (depending on lecturer) to take notes.
       | 
       | - Then I'd do a 2x speed run of all of the content before
       | midterms and finals.
       | 
       | I felt like it worked really well, and even years later I feel
       | I've retained a ton of what I learned.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | sureklix wrote:
       | "The more actively you try to learn the better you learn"
       | category conclusion.
       | 
       | Any tools/frontends for ultimate youtube-based learning? Some
       | things I miss: - highlight code screencasts (so I can copy and
       | paste) - 3x (not all have 2x in youtube) - transcript extract and
       | keyword search and jump to that location in the video => there
       | must be someone doing this
       | 
       | PS: Not trying to promote any project by asking this, genuinely
       | curious.
        
       | judahmeek wrote:
       | If you really want to remember tips from a video, take notes.
        
         | newswasboring wrote:
         | Agreed, the experiment had an odd setup.
         | 
         | > They were told to watch the videos in full screen mode and
         | not to pause them or take any notes.
        
           | hhmc wrote:
           | It sounds like the appropriate setup for the effect they were
           | actually investigating.
        
             | newswasboring wrote:
             | If they are investigating retention then yes, but studying
             | is more than that, right? You may recall a bunch of facts
             | but have no understanding of what is happening.
        
       | nickjj wrote:
       | There's another benefit of watching something at 2x too which
       | wasn't mentioned which is it can put you into a more receptive
       | mental state.
       | 
       | I don't know if anyone else is like this but inefficiencies tend
       | to bug me. This is purely personal preference but folks who talk
       | slow or use a lot of filler words can ruin a video for me to the
       | point where I'm focusing on that instead of the material.
       | 
       | I tend to listen to everything at 2x (instructional videos,
       | podcasts, etc.) and I don't really see any downsides even if it's
       | only watched once. If it's something deep or you're following
       | along with code then you'll be pausing the video no matter what
       | speed you listen to it to apply what you're watching. When you
       | factor all of that together you can IMO absorb things just as
       | well as 1x.
        
         | medstrom wrote:
         | Exactly! It's possible you and I have ADHD, but it's worth
         | giving out this tip. Watching at a sped up rate lets you filter
         | out the crap and find the "real" content.
         | 
         | In a simple world you'd just slow it back down to 1x when you
         | get to this point, and you wouldn't need 2x, you could just
         | skip forwards 10 seconds at a time like most people until you
         | find it.
         | 
         | Unfortunately there tends to be fillers throughout the video,
         | even inside of the sentences people speak. The real lifehack is
         | to keep the high speed and then pause when the video said
         | something important, so you can digest what you just heard, and
         | resume - rinse and repeat.
         | 
         | A variant solution I prefer is to always be regulating the
         | speed according to the load on your attention span. Videos
         | change so much in info density from one minute to the next,
         | it's nothing short of strange to watch at one set speed
         | throughout. I think the fact it's so common to "give up" and
         | "accept" a given video speed is an artifact of the fact that
         | people have never had the experience of letting their
         | subconscious finely control the speed with muscle-memory. Doing
         | it keeps your attention at 100% usage all the time. Low info
         | density, high speed. High info density, low speed. Use a
         | browser addon that gives you hotkey control over the speed, or
         | use ff2mpv to exploit mpv's native speed controls.
        
           | dougmwne wrote:
           | I have basically the same approach. I don't absorb
           | information that well from video because of the fixed pacing.
           | I would much rather read which lets me speed up and slow down
           | automatically. When I need to absorb a video, I find speed
           | controls to be incredibly useful. For low density
           | information, I set the speed as high as I can and still
           | understand the speaker. This is like skimming a text. If the
           | speaker gets to something high density, I will slow down or
           | even listen to the section multiple times. This is like
           | reading slowly for maximum understanding.
           | 
           | I am honestly a bit frustrated with how much information is
           | getting locked up in videos as I find them a pretty poor
           | format in comparison to text annotated with diagrams.
        
         | anish_m wrote:
         | Ditto for me. when people speak, they tend to speak slow add a
         | lot of unnecessary/repetitive information especially lectures.
         | On the learner side, I tend to be much more focussed when
         | watching at 2x speed, otherwise, i get distracted and think of
         | something else during those slow paces. That was a big problem
         | for me in classroom lectures, moments of important information
         | gets overshadowed by low density information. WOnder how well I
         | would have performed in college if it were through a video
         | lecture!
        
         | ncfausti wrote:
         | Was waiting for this comment, as all the top ones were mostly
         | dismissive of the findings. As someone with ADHD, this is
         | exactly how it feels to me. Increasing the playback speed is
         | like going into a mode where the content of what the speaker is
         | saying becomes the only thing my brain cares about, as opposed
         | to the secondary characteristics like their pauses between
         | words, accent, speaking style, etc.
        
           | nickjj wrote:
           | I don't know if I have ADHD but my brain will very much
           | filter out what it perceives as inefficient waste and replace
           | it with whatever thoughts are important at the time, such as
           | would you get shocked if you put uncooked spaghetti into a
           | live outlet.
        
       | zarzavat wrote:
       | I can vouch for this technique. Most native speakers can listen
       | much faster than they can talk. Blind users often turn their
       | screen reader speed up to 11.
       | 
       | When you listen to a video at a fast speed, it allows you to fit
       | more information into your working memory than you would have
       | been able to .. if .. the .. speaker .. um ... was ... talking ..
       | er ... like ... ... sorry what were we talking about? Oh yes
       | listening at a fast wpm aids understanding of the content. Listen
       | at a speed that is on the border of intelligibility and when you
       | notice that something doesn't make sense, pause the video and go
       | back and listen to it again immediately. This active engagement
       | with the content is key instead of passively sitting back and
       | watching a video.
       | 
       | It doesn't work for all content. Some people just speak really
       | fast and accurately. But for the average online lecture it works
       | super well.
        
         | 14 wrote:
         | I forgot I turned up my Netflix speed to 1.25x and ended up
         | watching many shows at that speed when I realized it it was
         | very foreign to go back to normal speed and they sounded very
         | slow and annoying. But 11x speed sounds difficult, though I
         | believe what you say so probably just difficult for me.
        
       | nimbius wrote:
       | Charlatans begone. 2x is a fashion statement and Ive been
       | learning at a much faster rate for quite some time.
       | 
       | The real answer to speed learning, is to watch the video at 200x,
       | in a concrete room buried ten meters deep, with your nose pressed
       | pensively to a 50" flatscreen surrounded by a frigid black ocean
       | of PA speakers and amplifiers. Ive found that in five to seven
       | hours, Ive fully comprehended the video as it "repeats twice", ad
       | infinitum.
       | 
       | now, the volume is critical as it is not to concede 110db at any
       | time. this promotes learning at 200x the volume of the original
       | video. At the end of your learning session it is important to
       | remain unclothed, as this promotes the knowledge to absorb into
       | your body fastest whilst the room leaves you in inscrutable
       | darkness, to succor a distant memory of the learning materials
       | interdisciplinary themes and objectives.
       | 
       | Once youve climbed from the pit --and washed the learning jelly
       | from yourself-- then you will have attained full and complete
       | knowledge of how to properly tie a tie, or water a houseplant, or
       | whatever you should need to learn. The pit will remain there for
       | you should you ever dare to utter another question in wonderment.
        
         | kingcharles wrote:
         | I read this comment at 200x speed.
        
         | imwillofficial wrote:
         | My only regret is that I have only one upvote to give
        
         | soperj wrote:
         | I've found that you can cut your time in half by using 2
         | computers and watching both videos @ 200x, simultaneously.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | And save even more time by playing the videos while you
           | sleep.
        
           | munk-a wrote:
           | Personally I tile VMs[1] playing the video at 16x at full
           | resolution scaled down to fit all 16 on the screen. It's
           | really eye opening.
           | 
           | 1. Obviously required for technical reasons - I assume
           | everyone is fully aware of why.
        
         | jasode wrote:
         | _> 2x is a fashion statement_
         | 
         | The top 2 voted comments including yours made me understand for
         | the first time that some people hearing others talk about "2x
         | benefits" perceive it as silly superhuman braggadocio. (Maybe
         | the "2x" does sound like Patrick Bateman's American Psycho
         | morning routine: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RjKNbfA64EE)
         | 
         | Yep, I understand what your humor is trying to do.
         | 
         | As counterpoint, the blind have been using screen readers TTS
         | (text-to-speech) at 2x to 3x (~300 wpm) for a long time but the
         | masses didn't notice. (E.g. A blind programmer using TTS at 450
         | wpm which is about ~4x normal speaking speed:
         | https://www.vincit.fi/en/software-development-450-words-
         | per-...)
         | 
         | However, when popular websites like Youtube added "2x" speedup
         | function to videos, the _general public_ suddenly noticed how
         | it made many lethargic and dull videos more bearable to watch.
         | (Or it turns 20-minute videos that are too long and stay
         | unwatched into more manageable 10-minute videos that are easier
         | to digest.)
         | 
         | It doesn't take superhuman ability to comprehend many videos at
         | 2x. A lot of us can just do what the blind have been doing with
         | playback technology.
         | 
         | (As for those productivity maximizers who looking beyond 2x and
         | are interested in superhuman 4x+ abilities, there may be
         | evidence from blind people that the brain can be trained to
         | understand extremely fast speech:
         | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-can-some-
         | blin...)
        
           | browningstreet wrote:
           | I'm doing a certification right now and watching the videos
           | at 1.2x. I flagged a little at 1.5x. I'm thinking I'll try
           | 2.x0 again but in 20 minute stints and take more breaks,
           | which could help my overall stamina given I still have hours
           | of video to watch.
           | 
           | The videos themselves aren't really the problem, it's the
           | constant repetition. "Here's what we're going to present,
           | here were are presenting, here's a summary of what we just
           | presented."
           | 
           | If we could convince curriculum developers to put out an
           | express version of their material -- nixing the pleasantries,
           | intros, summaries, and outros -- we'd have plenty of time to
           | consume the entirety of it in a casual 1.0-1.2x speed-up.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | brnt wrote:
           | > However, when popular websites like Youtube added "2x"
           | speedup function to videos, the general public suddenly
           | noticed how it made many lethargic and dull videos more
           | bearable to watch.
           | 
           | Perhaps it just means that some (many?) are watching too many
           | videos and/or videos of a particular kind. So many people are
           | imitating 'news voice' or waste energy and our time with
           | production value. Most videos shouldn't even be videos at
           | all.
           | 
           | It's a non problem to me. I just don't watch so many shitty
           | videos.
        
             | jasode wrote:
             | _> Perhaps it just means that some (many?) are watching too
             | many videos and/or videos of a particular kind. It's a non
             | problem to me._
             | 
             | A lot of videos have good visual content (how-to, etc) but
             | the pacing and speech is too slow.
             | 
             | Also because of COVID, a lot of students were forced to
             | watch video lectures and it increased awareness of using 2x
             | as a legitimate tool to quickly process slow professors or
             | selectively slow down to 1x only the sections that were
             | difficult to understand.
             | 
             | There's modern technology now for listeners to bend the
             | media to suit their brain rather than being forced to
             | suffer the slow pacing of the content creator. This is why
             | many people embrace 2x as a tool to enhance learning.
        
               | dr_orpheus wrote:
               | In my last couple years in college they started doing
               | more recorded lectures. Most felt pretty good at 1.5x
               | speed. But there was one professor that I was so glad
               | that 3x was an option.
        
         | Buttons840 wrote:
         | In the next thread on learning techniques, we will upvote some
         | anecdotal "learning hack", but for now, we're criticizing an
         | actual study.
        
         | antod wrote:
         | You wouldn't also be a Disaster Area fan?
         | 
         | https://hitchhikers.fandom.com/wiki/Disaster_Area
        
       | asdffdsa wrote:
       | For technical subjects (the "most important subjects" with
       | respect to the future career I was planning), I never came out of
       | lectures feeling like I understood the material. Only after
       | reading the textbook, doing exercises, and re-reading the
       | textbook (or looking up a concept online for an alternate
       | explanation if the textbook's writing was ambiguous) did I feel
       | any sort of confidence or perform well on exams.
       | 
       | Watching the lecture helped cement the material after already
       | having a degree of knowledge, but they served best as optional,
       | supplementary material. Since it served mainly to connect
       | concepts together, I can see how watching it at 2x speed would
       | serve the same purpose, but faster.
       | 
       | Most people in university would spend the bare minimum amount of
       | time on both reading, exercises, and lecture in order to get a
       | good grade, where good was defined as "the grade required in
       | order to land a high-paying job". Since I was a non-conformist, I
       | specifically made a point to read all the material assigned (and
       | probably achieved ~80 - 90%), and one of my favorite activities
       | when I was (rarely) ahead of schedule was to spend an hour
       | reading a couple pages or a chapter of literature from an
       | elective course. Every word, phrase, and sentence I would ponder
       | about the meaning the author conveyed through multiple lenses
       | (e.g. how did it affect the characters, the theme, the scenery,
       | the world of the author, the culture he/she wrote them in, as
       | well as the relation/history of the words used throughout the
       | novel -- was this a motif? Did the phrase relate to any motifs?).
       | 
       | My professor mentioned "these books were meant to be enjoyed over
       | many afternoons, to be read at leisure and to relate it to life
       | with all its silly impossible circumstances and happenings". What
       | was the end result of all this slow reading? In one narrow sense,
       | it led to me getting worse grades than perhaps I would have if I
       | allocated all my time towards getting the best career possible.
       | It also led to depression -- self-inflicted -- and existentialist
       | contemplation as my outcomes were incredibly poor relatively
       | speaking.
       | 
       | What were some of the positives? Sometimes I can look at the
       | brick walkway beneath me and make some quirky, half-sensical
       | remark like "ah, the herringbone structure. The same one
       | Brunelleschi used in the Duomo in Florence", to which any
       | unfortunate souls try their best to follow socially as if that
       | remark makes any sense in our conversation. Who knows, maybe
       | Sartre would approve.
        
       | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
       | I'm a bit puzzled by the recurring apparition of articles about
       | learning faster on HN.
       | 
       | I don't think I have suffered from the speed at which material
       | covers a subject since I left school. Finding interesting
       | material, properly structured with a good balance of introductory
       | and in depth coverage and giving solid insight into a topic
       | remains challenging -- it already was when I was a student to be
       | fair. Good teaching ressources are the exception rather than the
       | norm. Finding the time to properly conceptualise and deeply think
       | about what I'm trying to learn has been challenging. But the
       | speed at which I can consume teaching material is not something I
       | remember being bothered by this past decade. Thinking about it
       | more often than not I wish I could actually go slower rather than
       | faster.
       | 
       | I'm curious about how the experience of others commenters differ
       | here as it's obviously a topic of interest to some in this
       | community.
        
         | konschubert wrote:
         | When I studied Physics as an undergraduate, I would regularly
         | spend 3 hours just to _really understand_ the content of the
         | notes I had taken in a 1.5 hour lecture.
         | 
         | The speed of consuming the content was never the limiting
         | factor.
         | 
         | When I listen to an interesting podcast, I often pause the
         | track to think about implications of what was just said or to
         | formulate a rebuttal in my head.
         | 
         | I guess there are different kinds of learning and different
         | levels of understanding something.
        
           | dotancohen wrote:
           | With three or four two-hour lectures every day, multiplying
           | the studying time by 3 would leave at most six hours for
           | eating, sleeping, and maintenance such as buying food and
           | bathing. Never mind working. I doubt that many university
           | students could do that.
        
             | konschubert wrote:
             | There were only one or two lectures like this a day. The
             | rest were labs and exercises. And only Mon-Fri.
             | 
             | But you're right, this still comes out to 30 hours of
             | lecture review a week, which seems a bit more than I
             | remember. 20 seems more realistic.
             | 
             | I guess the average was less than 3 hours per lecture.
        
               | nottorp wrote:
               | You probably remember the ones that did take 3 hours to
               | understand but you've forgotten all those that were
               | simple enough that you already left the lecture hall with
               | an understanding of the material.
        
               | konschubert wrote:
               | I know for sure that I had to go through every one of
               | them in the first couple of semesters. :)
               | 
               | But you are right in that there is a bias in how I
               | remember it: Not all of them took 3 hours.
        
         | dlisboa wrote:
         | It's mostly about efficiency. If you want to watch a 4 minute
         | video and the first 2 minutes were ads, wouldn't you skip it?
         | Same principle: people talk slower than necessary in many of
         | these videos, or make unnecessary edits that slow it down
         | content-wise.
         | 
         | I think this search for faster learning is fueled by the
         | realization that we only have so many lines of text, or minutes
         | of video or audio content, that we can consume in life. I don't
         | want to waste that on ads or someone's idea of a fancy video
         | transition. It's the reason why I don't like podcasts or radio
         | programs: too much of it is spent on introductions or random
         | subjects. I have other shit to do, so if I can maximize the
         | retention in a shorter timespan, that's much better.
         | 
         | There's an ever-present desire to learn more, and the more you
         | learn the more new topics you find out about. Personally I am a
         | bit bothered. I bought a bunch of books over the years and
         | recently I've realized maybe I won't be able to go through all
         | of them at my current speed. So I'm trying to learn how to read
         | faster (with retention) and be more methodical about it.
         | 
         | For things you need to go in depth the learning is necessarily
         | slow: a college course, a textbook, years of experience. But if
         | I want to learn something small that has less relevance to my
         | life, I don't want to waste that time.
        
         | SuoDuanDao wrote:
         | I certainly wish I was able to learn more quickly, and I'm sure
         | that would be true no matter how quickly I was able to learn.
         | The availability of quality material is an orthogonal issue to
         | me, the worse the material the longer it takes to digest. I
         | would also of course enjoy being able to take my time more, but
         | there's so much I'm interested in that I wish I was able to get
         | through more of it.
        
         | watwut wrote:
         | For me, when speaker talks slowly, I tend to loose attention. I
         | get bored, start to think about something else or just
         | daydream. Then I have no idea what was told and have to rewind
         | back. Speeding it up helps a lot, I stay engaged.
         | 
         | Imo, speakers in educational videos tend talk very slowly. They
         | do not talk in normal talking speed, they are slowed and
         | speeding it up is basically moving them to normal speed.
        
         | briga wrote:
         | > Good teaching ressources are the exception rather than the
         | norm
         | 
         | I have to disagree here. There has never been a time in history
         | where it has been easier to access high quality educational
         | materials. See, for instance, MIT OpenCourseWare. Many other
         | great universities have similar programs (Stanford, Berkeley).
         | That, combined with the countless people putting out
         | educational content on platforms like YouTube and Coursera,
         | means that it's basically possible for anyone with an internet
         | connection to learn from some of the world's best teachers.
        
           | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
           | My experience at a university comparable to Stanford and
           | Berkeley is that lectures perfectly conform to what I said:
           | good ones are the exception rather than the norm. Most
           | lectures are mostly useless as a form of teaching material
           | outside of offering you the ability to ask the question you
           | have to a specialist and the syllabus hopefully pointing you
           | towards good books while telling you which chapters you can
           | skip if you just want a sound but basic overview of a
           | subject. I would much rather read than listen or watch
           | something.
           | 
           | I think the problem remains the same nowadays that it was
           | before when people in large cities had access to good
           | learning material through their public libraries: knowing
           | which are the good resources amongst all that is available.
        
         | strangeattractr wrote:
         | Have you tried watching things at 2x speed? I watch anything
         | educational at 2x stopping to replay (often several times)
         | anything I don't understand, watching at normal speed. I end up
         | powering through the bits I understand and focusing on parts I
         | don't. I also find the fact that I really have to concentrate
         | to decipher what's being said means I don't get distracted.
         | 
         | While some stuff that gets posted here veers into productivity
         | cult status, I personally don't think this deserves to be
         | lumped in with that. In spite of speeding it up, I probably
         | spend the same amount of time watching the lecture as I would
         | at normal speed. I do it because in my experience any concept
         | that's novel or hard in a lecture won't be understood by me on
         | the first viewing. So will require several attempts and usually
         | reading something.
        
           | ethbr0 wrote:
           | Most people on YouTube talk slowly enough that 2x is more
           | than feasible. (Or maybe I need to drink less coffee and swap
           | the jungle for house)
        
             | mc32 wrote:
             | I agree many presenters on YouTube speak way too slowly and
             | need to be sped up to 1.5x. At 2x I find I miss some of the
             | demonstration though ("white boarding") and I have to
             | "rewind".
        
               | stevehawk wrote:
               | youtubers gotta hit that 10 minute mark for the real
               | money, i believe
        
             | friedman23 wrote:
             | So you watch lectures at 2x speed while listening to music?
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | I said jungle, not gabber. ;)
        
             | netizen-936824 wrote:
             | >swap the jungle for house
             | 
             | In all seriousness it may actually help. I notice when I
             | swap to lower BPM music I process information differently.
             | Same with novel music and lyrics, they change processing
        
           | VeninVidiaVicii wrote:
           | I use 2-3x speed to get through the recorded videos of my
           | "umm"-ing prokaryotic molecular biology professor (during
           | COVID). However, when I'm watching something for fun, I hate
           | to speed through it, because I enjoy the watching process.
        
             | strangeattractr wrote:
             | Would never speed up something I was watching for
             | enjoyment. I was slightly puzzled when I saw Netflix enable
             | speeding up video, I suppose someone out there must have
             | wanted it.
        
               | Cpoll wrote:
               | I know a few people who like doing that when they decide
               | they don't like a movie they're watching but still want
               | to finish it. I've watched Man on Fire this way and found
               | it very comedic at 1.75x speed.
        
               | dahart wrote:
               | I suffer from feeling like I should finish watching
               | things I started even after realizing I don't like it.
               | I've also come to the realization that it is freeing and
               | making progress and good use of my time to force myself
               | to decide to stop watching the show. It might be a kind
               | of sunk cost fallacy that I'm fighting, feeling the need
               | to check if there's a surprise or if the ending gets
               | better, feeling like I have to make sure I didn't miss
               | out on something good after all. Never tried speed-ending
               | a video on Netflix, but I have on YouTube. But thinking
               | about it now, I'm going to try harder to double down on
               | consciously turning something off instead of wasting my
               | time more quickly.
        
               | waterhouse wrote:
               | A thing I've done a few times with TV shows is go read
               | the Wikipedia summaries of the remaining episodes. Much
               | faster than watching them. (In one case I then decided
               | the rest was worth watching; in several others, I
               | didn't.)
        
               | ivanhoe wrote:
               | I do this when binge watching TV series, as the quality
               | often fluctuates between the episodes through the season.
               | So when (usually in the middle of the season) things get
               | too slow I just switch to watching it on 1.5x - 2x speed,
               | rather than fast forwarding through the episode. Helps me
               | with managing that fear of missing out something
               | "important" in the plot...
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | Recap episodes! There's a few slivers of new plot buried
               | in there, but I don't need to see the rest at 1x speed.
        
               | karmakaze wrote:
               | It's quite useful for movies that were edited to meet a
               | length but don't actually have the content to match. Some
               | speed can raise the interest density to make it watchable
               | again. Also/similarly for some older movies which have a
               | slower-paced style that doesn't fit today's conventions
               | and expectations. Slower takes more art/skill to do more
               | with less, and it's so refreshing when it works. [Same
               | for wide shots rather than close-up frantically-cut
               | action.] I'd never speed those up, and rather watch them
               | on a day I have the time.
        
           | aurizon wrote:
           | Worth trying, especially with those slow stuttering drones on
           | youtube, and as the strangeattractor says you can always
           | rewind selected parts as needed. The idea of varied speed
           | viewing has been well known in times past for video as well
           | as audio. There are also the gap compressors that are useful
           | in audio streams that serve the words with variably reduced
           | word gaps. I do wish they also had a stutter, um, ahh
           | stripper for audio that have not used post production editing
           | to eliminate gaps/ums. ahs and stutters etc. There are a
           | number of training courses that help you in becoming an audio
           | reader that many youtubers should well have a look at.
           | 
           | https://www.google.com/search?q=audio+reader+training&rlz=1C.
           | ..
        
           | mannykannot wrote:
           | > I probably spend the same amount of time watching the
           | lecture as I would at normal speed.
           | 
           | The article's title does not suggest you should do otherwise,
           | though its body suggests that you could do just as well, with
           | a single 2X pass, as with a single 1X one.
           | 
           | I also use a variable rate, depending on the complexity and
           | novelty (for me) of the material, and also how well it is
           | presented. I also do this for better comprehension, not to
           | get through it faster. I find it useful to have subtitles on,
           | when available.
        
             | strangeattractr wrote:
             | Subtitles can be a massive help if they're accurate when
             | watching sped up. YouTube autogen ones are often
             | distractingly wrong though
        
         | jasode wrote:
         | _> I don't think I have suffered from the speed at which
         | material covers a subject since I left school. [...] Thinking
         | about it more often than not I wish I could actually go slower
         | rather than faster. I'm curious about how the experience of
         | others commenters differ here_
         | 
         | For many listeners, they suffer from speakers _talking too
         | slowly_ which causes them to tune out and become disengaged.
         | This handicaps learning instead of enhances it.
         | 
         | A lot of people can read text at ~200 to 300 wpm. Since many
         | speakers talk at ~100 wpm, accelerating videos to 2x or more
         | just gets the audio in the same ~200 wpm range.
        
           | TheFreim wrote:
           | > For many listeners, they suffer from speakers talking too
           | slowly which causes them to tune out and become disengaged.
           | This handicaps learning instead of enhances it.
           | 
           | When I was in school last year I really loved online, pre-
           | recorded, lectures for this reason. I could put speed on 1.5x
           | or even 2x speed. If I missed something I'd tap my left arrow
           | to go back a few seconds or write the time stamp down and
           | come back later. Slow speaking videos drive me crazy.
        
           | NikolaNovak wrote:
           | This.
           | 
           | There are semi-mandatory courses we need to take occasionally
           | at work; and both the speed, and ratio of useful content, are
           | dismal. E.g. Oracle University releases these 24 or 40hr
           | courses which probably have, dunno, 6 hrs of content? Maybe?
           | 
           | It is brutal to try to spend a week going through something
           | so atrociously slow and informationally sparse. Ability to
           | speed it up (sometimes 1.25, 1.5 or 2.0 times) brings it into
           | actually manageable.
        
         | ramraj07 wrote:
         | After some level of learning the eloquence of the author
         | (barring some minimum standards) is probably not as material,
         | it's more about the content itself. Talking about graduate
         | level courses, presumably ones not too math heavy, I can see
         | this working. Or for lectures and seminars on research by
         | professors (though one rarely is trying to remember every
         | detail).
        
         | hliyan wrote:
         | > Finding the time to properly conceptualise and deeply think
         | about what I'm trying to learn has been challenging
         | 
         | This reminds me of something that happened to me 20 years ago,
         | and cemented my view that teaching should be bottom-up: waiting
         | for our computer architecture lecturer to arrive for the day's
         | lecture -- Interrupts -- I quipped to a friend "I hope he
         | doesn't just walk in and say 'There's something called
         | interrupts'". In a comedic bit of prophecy, the lecturer just
         | then walks in, walks over to the board and says, "There's
         | something called interrupts".
         | 
         | Today, if I were him, I would never start by defining the
         | solution. I wouldn't even name it at first. I would first state
         | the problem: we know that a traditional CPU can process only
         | one instruction at a time. And last time we learned that it
         | looks at the program counter at the end of each instruction to
         | see what instruction needs to be executed next. Now if the CPU
         | keeps breathlessly executing the instructions from memory, it's
         | never going to have time to check if I/O devices have any data.
         | How do we solve this problem?
         | 
         | A good student will start by suggesting that we have the
         | program poll the I/O devices regularly. Then someone will
         | likely mention the overhead of repeated polling, especially
         | when when there are no inputs most of the time. This should
         | eventually lead to the idea that the CPU itself (rather than
         | the program) should check some sort of input signal between the
         | execution of every instruction. An I/O device would set this
         | input to an active state when it has input for the CPU, and the
         | CPU will catch it immediately after the current instruction.
         | Now at that point, there is no way to tell the CPU which set of
         | instructions to run in response. Instead, we'll have to store
         | those instructions in some specific location that is known to
         | the CPU. Now what do you call this scheme? Interrupts.
        
           | butwhywhyoh wrote:
           | This is excellently put and explained. I wish most educators
           | took this approach as well. It seems a large part of
           | education is handing out solutions to barely-defined
           | problems, and the idea is to memorize the solutions.
        
         | jimhefferon wrote:
         | What an interesting comment. I also find that there is a lot of
         | not great learning materials available. Perhaps it is not
         | surprising, but the really quite good is uncommon. And, I
         | expect that poor materials lead to poor learning, missed
         | things, misunderstood things, etc.
         | 
         | But another point is that the presentation is not the main
         | place where people learn, at least in math, which is the field
         | I teach in. The main place people learn is in doing the
         | exercises. I will pull a number out of my posterior and say it
         | is 80% exercises (a matter of opinion, I concede, but what else
         | can you do with opinions besides spread them around?).
         | Obviously twiddling with video speeds doesn't apply at all to
         | that.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | A lot of IT is centered around staying current, which occupies
         | a substantial portion of your time. Being able to do that
         | quicker is an immediate boost for your productivity. This isn't
         | all at the level of learning physics or rocket science, it can
         | simply be a tutorial about a new framework (every 6 months or
         | so) or a library, a new development tool or orchestration
         | method. Personally I prefer to read but with the easy way that
         | video can be monetized a lot of things that in the past would
         | be blog posts and long form articles or web based tutorials are
         | now posted on youtube. And sometimes there aren't any
         | alternatives so you're forced to use video even if you'd rather
         | use some other medium.
        
           | biztos wrote:
           | I'm not convinced that being "more current more quickly" is
           | going to boost your _productivity_ but it will probably boost
           | your paycheck if you 're willing to job-hop.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Compared to most other fields IT moves relatively fast,
             | learning is a part of being active in this field if not
             | you'll never be able to make a career out of it even if you
             | stay in the same place. Very rarely do you find companies
             | where the tech doesn't meaningfully change over the period
             | of a lifetime's employment, and that by itself is very rare
             | if only due to the speed with which companies come into
             | being, merge, split or get acquired and do wholesale
             | technology changes.
             | 
             | IT and learning go hand in hand.
        
               | biztos wrote:
               | > IT and learning go hand in hand.
               | 
               | I couldn't agree more. But learning twice as many new
               | frameworks twice as fast is, in my opinion, unlikely to
               | give you a net gain in productivity. Unless your job is
               | to use twice as many frameworks as the other guy, in
               | which case congratulations on your employment at Google.
               | /s
               | 
               | Every professional should be learning new things as they
               | go along. But you're not going to learn everything, and
               | being good at This Thing Here also takes a lot of
               | concentration, so I suggest that picking your skill-
               | acquisition battles and diving deeper into some of the
               | new things will make you more productive than having a
               | larger set of latest-greatest notches on your belt.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Ah I see, ok, but that's not what I meant. I meant: if
               | you are going to spend 300 hours of learning time versus
               | 200 to learn the same content then you can spend the
               | other 100 hours on something that is billable. People
               | tend to not want to pay for time spent learning so that's
               | an investment on the part of the learner, and a smaller
               | investment with a higher pay-off translates into a better
               | ROI.
        
         | kristaps wrote:
         | Right up there with other techie superstitions such as "editor
         | x makes me a better programmer, because typing faster".
        
           | strken wrote:
           | When I read this I immediately thought "typing faster makes
           | me a less annoyed programmer, and better would be a happy
           | accident", then realised it was the same for speeding up or
           | pausing audio. Having control over the speed at which ideas
           | are launched at me is more about not getting distracted or
           | frustrated than learning faster.
        
             | aspaceman wrote:
             | Patience is as much a skill as any other though. I don't
             | quite understand this hyperoptimization. I'll speed up
             | things I find a little dull or advertisements, but
             | increasing the pace of everyone's speech for your sake
             | seems....odd?
        
               | lalopalota wrote:
               | They are discussing speeding up the pace of the speech in
               | videos they watch for their own sake. Nothing odd about
               | that.
        
         | xwolfi wrote:
         | For me, I think I understand attention is the most important
         | factor in learning, followed by practice.
         | 
         | The material is the base, sometimes a bad quality material can
         | even reinforce practice and attention.
         | 
         | I remember how I learned serious programming at 14: a badly
         | translated manual in French and a casio scientific calculator,
         | no internet. I had to try each command, see what it did,
         | guesstimate what it meant. I plowed through variables,
         | goto/labels, printing, conditionals, had lots of problems
         | conceptualising loops but figured it out talking with friends
         | at school who struggled too, and ended up doing decent things
         | with the calculator.
         | 
         | When I started C at uni, nothing was new (except pointers, I
         | admit lol): the very good material didnt help my fellow
         | students much, in fact I remember helping them a lot gain a
         | more intuitive understanding on what programs were and to love
         | programming for the sake of it, me who learned from sheer
         | frustration and trial and error with basically rope and wood.
         | 
         | So I dunno... maybe I could have optimized my time but I still
         | believe the sheer will to learn how machines ticked is what
         | mattered, more than anything and that s always how I teach
         | someone new to it: love the result and the process,
         | independently of the details of implementation and you ll be
         | able to program anything or at least know you CAN program
         | anything eventually given enough courage and commitment.
         | 
         | And at work, I m the multi hat guy who code on all the systems,
         | on all the languages, always coming in as a humble idiot but
         | slowly gnawing at the problems until I become expert and people
         | at it for years start asking me questions, because I just never
         | give up and never think it's too hard.
        
       | temporalparts wrote:
       | I want to see the study:
       | 
       | > Watching video twice at normal speed can benefit learning
       | better than once at 0.5x speed
       | 
       | You need reasonable baselines, otherwise this just says: "going
       | through a material twice improves learning outcomes".
        
       | Nux wrote:
       | In other words, repetition is the mother of all learning.
       | 
       | Turns out my father was right. ;-)
        
       | leobg wrote:
       | Was it Donny Deutsch who said "I'd rather read 10 books 10 times
       | than 100 books once"?
        
       | vmception wrote:
       | I listen at 2.5x and fast forward a lot with the arrow keys
       | 
       | Downsides: Videos with background music for something
       | instructional is bad. Stick to just talking. Even the intros that
       | many people make are unnecessary. People that actually talk at a
       | good faster speed and still have a long video are now the worst.
        
       | paunthony wrote:
       | I do think that this depends on how the information is presented
       | and on you can take and digest information on the learning
       | modules.
        
       | nathias wrote:
       | It's epistemically toxic to promote video as a learning tool.
       | Videos are great for entertainment, entertainment can boraden
       | your horizons, but it isn't a good tool for learning anything
       | except when learning a skill that requires mimicking body
       | movements.
        
         | klibertp wrote:
         | Well, there are people who would refuse to learn if not for the
         | videos. What then? Are we going to sit in an increasingly
         | sparsely-populated ivory tower and complain how nobody wants to
         | learn, or are we going to try capturing the attention of such
         | people in any way that works?
         | 
         | To be honest, I agree with you. I like to read. I learn better
         | when I read. Text is much more convenient in so many ways that
         | I honestly don't understand why would anyone opt for a video
         | instead. But the reality is that the average attention span and
         | the kinds of concentration people are capable of changes with
         | time, and recently started changing a lot in relatively short
         | amounts of time (1 generation). That's reality, and we have to
         | learn to cope with it - even if it's painful - or we won't be
         | able to teach anyone anything!
        
           | BeFlatXIII wrote:
           | > Are we going to sit in an increasingly sparsely-populated
           | ivory tower and complain how nobody wants to learn?
           | 
           | Yes. I'm not going to put in the effort to reach out to
           | video-only learners, for I likely won't get along with them
           | once they're my colleagues.
        
             | klibertp wrote:
             | Unfortunately that only works for a time - namely, until
             | the "uneducated masses" decide to topple the tower down.
             | Historically, they succeeded almost every single time. I
             | might be getting carried away with the metaphor, but
             | honestly, I'm afraid. Who's to guarantee to me that in 20
             | years _I_ won 't be the one that the majority of his
             | colleagues "can't get along with"?
             | 
             | I won't retire fast enough to ignore the issue completely.
             | As such, I think I'll try (in self-defense, basically)
             | doing what people in my position have been doing since the
             | dawn of time to stay relevant - that is, to try and become
             | a mentor for the younger folks. But "the kids these days",
             | they don't want to read my blog posts, they want to hear me
             | (and I absolutely _hate_ hearing myself recorded!) and they
             | want to look at my face (what for, for f... sake?! am I a
             | model?) while I explain (and sing, and dance, for better
             | effect?) things to them with a nice screencast.
             | 
             | On top of that I don't even have a luxury of saying it's
             | simply technically not possible, like people 30 (or even
             | 20) could. Unfortunately for my poor heart, the authoring
             | of videos is becoming easier (than it ever should, dammit!)
             | and easier way faster than my retirement approaching.
             | 
             | I'm sure situations like this played out many, many times
             | in history. Last time I tried looking into this I learned
             | the term "defenestration". That's how optimistic it feels
             | at the moment :)
        
           | nathias wrote:
           | I agree, it can be a great hook, but we can have nouance, not
           | everything has to be so dumb, right? We can teach people that
           | look sure you can have this feeling of learning, but it can
           | be very misleading people are watching edutainment and think
           | they are learning which is probably even worse than if they
           | were against learning in the first place. Edutainment is
           | great fun for me at least, but I see so many people think
           | they know something because they have been exposed by content
           | on youtube and live in this self-deception that it's just
           | sad.
        
         | bmicraft wrote:
         | Why do you think that?
        
           | nathias wrote:
           | It's removing critical thought from the world, bit by bit.
           | People are (self)decieved that they are learning while they
           | are merely having a very weak/superficial exposure to a
           | domain of knowledge and they stick with that because it gets
           | them the great feeling of knowledge without knowledge itself.
        
         | exodust wrote:
         | Is your comment satire, sarcasm or something like that?
         | 
         | Wouldn't "epistemically toxic" be characterized by false,
         | unsubstantiated or misleading content?
         | 
         | A documentary is video, as are recorded lectures, or random
         | experts explaining anything.
         | 
         | A video allows us to learn and share knowledge without needing
         | to be in the same room - the overhead of which detracts from
         | the volume of material possible to teach or learn. The 1.5x is
         | helpful when the speaker talks slowly, and makes sense that
         | it's more effective, since your attention is more focused to
         | keep up.
        
           | nathias wrote:
           | Can you in good faith tell me what sounded sarcastics there?
           | I am completely serious, just ask a lecturer how do zoom
           | lectures compare to live sessions. It isn't just about
           | content, form and medium are very important, not just for
           | greater memorization but also for deeper understanding. If
           | all you do is watch videos you are watching someone else
           | understand something instead of you and then think you have
           | understood it yourself.
        
       | projectileboy wrote:
       | 2x is always a bit fast for my slow brain, but 1.5x works well
       | for me.
        
       | shinycode wrote:
       | I noticed it as well. With real focus I'm learning the same way.
       | And if the speaker is speaking slowly it's even better. If the
       | speaker has a foreign accent hard to understand speeding up can
       | be harder if not listening in my main language.
        
       | ivan_ah wrote:
       | Direct link to PDF of research article:
       | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/acp.3899?cas...
       | (obtained from PDF link on scholar.google.com)
        
       | Borrible wrote:
       | No, no, no.
       | 
       | What you really need is a Nuremberg Funnel.[0]
       | 
       | There is rare b/w footage of Jeff's first steps becoming Bezos
       | with this method back in the 90's.[1]
       | 
       | You know the drill when you see it.
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremberg_Funnel
       | 
       | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XxaTAv-Dn7I
        
       | ajuc wrote:
       | I just wish people still wrote articles instead of making
       | everything a video. You can read at whatever speed you need, you
       | can ctrl+F, it's great.
        
       | axpy906 wrote:
       | The confounding factor in this study strikes me as reviewing
       | before the test. That should improve results regardless of speed.
        
       | unknownus3r wrote:
       | On real estate and the Roman Empire. If i listened to a math or
       | cs lecture at 1.5-2x id be finished
        
       | varelse wrote:
       | I find a lot of lecture videos have a cadence that is
       | intentionally slowed down and nearly unwatchable at 1X speed.
       | I've been watching at 2x for a decade or so. When I'm really
       | adjusted to 2x because I'm watching an hour or two of lectures
       | daily sometimes I can crank it to 3x and still take it in.
       | 
       | But I think this is more a function of the cadence of the speaker
       | than anything else.
        
       | questiondev wrote:
       | i have add, watching slow videos makes me tune out pretty fast.
       | 
       | i switched to 2x on certain videos and yeah i am able to learn
       | because it's not super drawn out
        
       | bsd44 wrote:
       | Ah yes, "self-improvement":
       | 
       | - watching videos as 2x the speed
       | 
       | - speedreading
       | 
       | - listening to audiobook while doing chores
       | 
       | I'm sure there's plenty more I'm forgetting here.
        
       | synthc wrote:
       | Completely off topic: i was watching an interview with Ozzy
       | Osborne on youtube, and one of the comment said "if you watch it
       | at 2x speed it sounds like a normal conversation", and it did!
        
       | beebeepka wrote:
       | Quite a statement because there could be many factors at play.
       | Type of content, density/complexity, the individual's abilities
       | and mental state.
       | 
       | It's certainly true for many popular tube channels, that's for
       | sure. Then again, I sometimes try to follow physics lectures and
       | those make my head spin beyond the intro. Same with biology, even
       | computers. I am not able to absorb great amounts of new info at
       | once. Could be my age, though
        
       | pyreal wrote:
       | I come from an English-speaking region where everyone speaks very
       | fast. I watch most instructional videos at 1.5x to 2x just so I
       | don't lose focus from enduring slow-talking "mainlanders". ;)
        
       | rahimnathwani wrote:
       | "The researchers do also add a few caveats. While 2x viewing was
       | fine for learning about the material in their studies -- real
       | estate appraisals and the Roman Empire -- perhaps it might not
       | work for more complex subject matter; again, only more research
       | will tell."
        
       | nottorp wrote:
       | Of course if the same information were presented in written form
       | you'd be able to go through it 5x as fast.
        
       | notriskfree wrote:
       | Reading is a great deal faster than watching videos. Presumably
       | doubling the speed must also make the presenters sound like
       | chipmunks or voles or something. Perhaps just fiddling with the
       | sound frequency also works.
        
         | edanm wrote:
         | No, modern software makes doubling the speed work without
         | giving people a higher voice.
        
       | tluyben2 wrote:
       | I would rather just read instead of wasting time watching a
       | video. I take in far more, can reread stuff without messing
       | around with sliders. I can read at my own speed.
       | 
       | Is there a service yet which turns a video from YouTube or
       | whatever into a ppt? In a smart way ofcourse (based on amount of
       | change of the particular frames). Would pay for that.
        
         | thathndude wrote:
         | I feel like one of those Reddit or Twitter bots, but:
         | 
         | the general rule is that you can read about twice as fast as
         | you can understand spoken word - 300 vs 150 words per minute.
         | 
         | I remember reading this my first day in a public speaking class
         | in college. Just one of those factoids that's stuck with me,
         | and why I've always preferred reading articles versus seeking
         | videos.
         | 
         | Of course, speed of comprehension is just one consideration.
         | I'm mindful that there are some contexts where a visual is
         | necessary or particularly helpful, and that some folks resonate
         | with visual/spoken word more than written.
         | 
         | But this is why I love HN. It's almost always a link to a
         | written article, and I can pop open comments (which I often do
         | first) for more written text on the subject.
        
           | sabas123 wrote:
           | With the exception of terse definitions, my comprehension
           | speed of fast spoken word is MUCH better then reading. But
           | I'm probably an outlier in this regard.
        
           | saurik wrote:
           | I can only speed read for a couple hours _at best_ , as
           | staring so close at something and carefully moving my eyes so
           | quickly is extremely exhausting. I can read at slow speeds
           | for a lot longer, but I am pretty sure it is still horrible
           | for my eyes :(. Either way, it is mentally taxing, as I have
           | to convince my brain to not start talking to itself and begin
           | ignoring the visual input.
           | 
           | In contrast, I can spend an entire day listening to people;
           | and, while I am listening, I can be looking into the
           | distance, the way human eyes are supposed to mostly be used.
           | I can walk around, cook and eat food, or even _shower_ , all
           | while listening to people talk. I would argue listening to
           | other people is a much more "human" activity than staring at
           | symbols (despite how much I do this for my passion: software
           | development).
           | 
           | I also have no clue where you got those numbers from: the
           | iPad software I have finally found to read PDFs to me has me
           | configure it in words per minute, and I find it reasonable to
           | understand 400 words per minute for long stretches. I bet I
           | could go faster (this software supports 500), but it would
           | likely be mentally taxing.
           | 
           | To put in context how preposterous 150 words per minute is,
           | the average person supposedly speaks at 100-130 words per
           | minute according to some random source I just found (which
           | feels right as I took years of linguistics and was going to
           | guess 110-120), and we know people routinely listen to videos
           | at 2x (and so are hitting 200-260).
           | 
           | (I think it is also worth noting that actual speed reading is
           | a skill most people do not have. I actually think it quite
           | likely that your average person can read only as fast as they
           | can speak, as I bet that people who are not really really
           | good at reading are subvocalizing. I feel like a lot of
           | people don't consider this when saying everyone should read
           | all the time.)
        
             | ghufran_syed wrote:
             | What is the name of the ipad reading software you use? I
             | tried using the basic text to speech but can't figure out
             | how to tell it how to start reading at a point and keep
             | going. Being able to tap to rewind 10 seconds would also be
             | useful
        
               | saurik wrote:
               | Voice Dream Reader. Given the issues you cite this will
               | be perfect. I really appreciated that it models your
               | progress through the document as "time" as it knows how
               | long it would take to read the whole thing. The only
               | thing I am disliking is that the act of highlight text
               | for something like bookmarking is extremely slow and
               | fidgety (it has word issue like trying to highlight the
               | last character on a line is extremely difficult as the
               | hit test only verifies you are on the right edge of a
               | character, but if you go past the character there is no
               | hit box so it doesn't recognize anything, causing you to
               | have to wiggle your finger on the last character trying
               | to intersect that narrow hit box; it mostly seems to rely
               | on you touching through the character after the character
               | you want to highlight, but there isn't one at the end of
               | a line... they need to like, scan left and see if there
               | is a character to the left of your finger to make this
               | easier).
        
           | dotancohen wrote:
           | > the general rule is that you can read about twice as fast
           | as you       > can understand spoken word - 300 vs 150 words
           | per minute.
           | 
           | In my experience the limiting factor is the speed at which
           | one speaks, not the speed at which one listens. I can listen
           | to a 1.5x Youtube video from any speaker comfortable, and 2x
           | for really good speakers such as Marcus House, Scott Manley,
           | or Destin.
        
           | tluyben2 wrote:
           | This might be different per person? When people talk, I lose
           | concentration after a few minutes, when I read I hold
           | concentration for hours. For me videos and podcasts are _the
           | worst_ for information transfer. Sure I can probably process
           | more, but it stops after minutes for me.
           | 
           | Like someone else said; it depends on the subject of course:
           | fixing an issue with a washing machine (not operation, but
           | with the internal electrics or something), a video is faster
           | but otherwise...
        
             | thathndude wrote:
             | Agreed. That's why I thought I'd give a shout out to the
             | fact that these are all generalizations:
             | 
             | "I'm mindful that there are some contexts where a visual is
             | necessary or particularly helpful, and that some folks
             | resonate with visual/spoken word more than written."
             | 
             | Strangely, I was never a reader as a child, but took to it
             | as an adult.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | To me the big advantage of reading is that I can easily re-
           | read a section without having to hunt-and-peck 30 times to
           | find the beginning of the section that I want to repeat.
           | Especially with difficult material I tend to go over it many
           | times before I really grok it and doing this with video is
           | absolutely infuriating to the point that I'll usually
           | transcribe the video and then read the transcription, that's
           | still faster and during the transcription process I usually
           | learn quite a bit as well.
        
         | dicknuckle wrote:
         | For some subjects it's not possible to read everything. For
         | example: woodworking safety for a particular machine, or
         | adjusting the carburetor by ear on a vintage motorcycle.
        
           | HPsquared wrote:
           | Even a searchable transcript for future reference would be
           | great. Bonus points if clicking on a sentence seeks the video
           | to that timestamp.
        
             | jrmylow wrote:
             | edX videos/lectures have this feature exactly, with a
             | transcript of links next to the video.
        
             | jasode wrote:
             | _> Even a searchable transcript [...] Bonus points if
             | clicking on a sentence seeks the video to that timestamp_
             | 
             | The Youtube auto-generated transcripts work that way. On
             | most videos, you click on the "..." (3 dots) to access it.
             | Then click on the text fragment and it instantly seeks to
             | that part of the video.
             | 
             | Since it uses AI algorithms, there will be misspelled names
             | or technical terms but it's still useful.
        
         | edanm wrote:
         | > I would rather just read instead of wasting time watching a
         | video. I take in far more, can reread stuff without messing
         | around with sliders. I can read at my own speed.
         | 
         | Have you watched many educational YouTube videos lately?
         | 
         | I used to also prefer reading for most things, but YouTube and
         | advances in technology have just made educational/edutainment
         | videos _so much better_ than they used to be. There are some
         | incredible videos out there.
         | 
         | Of course this depends on the subject, if I want to deep-dive
         | on e.g. maths, of course only a Textbook will suffice.
        
         | anon2020dot00 wrote:
         | Otter.ai for video to text transcription
        
         | mdp2021 wrote:
         | Now that you mention it, basic implementation is rather
         | trivial: isolate keyframes (which is in the video data1),
         | aggregate the transcripts chunks (e.g. .vtt should be
         | available) within those keyframes according to the timestamps.
         | 
         | Issues: first of all, transcript quality: those of TED (Chris
         | Anderson's "Technology Entertainment Design" conferences) are
         | curated, those of YT are oftentimes not. Then, discriminating
         | significant and less significant keyframes, but if one only
         | needs "decent" instead of "perfect", good compromises for
         | heuristic algorithms (more "parametrized procedures" or
         | "recipes") can surely be found.
         | 
         | You are tempting me... In an evening one should get something
         | already usable. Better than a presentation, I see the
         | transcript text with aside thumbnails linking to the full-sized
         | images. As someone who sometimes studies material from video,
         | when I am listening or watching I am not in the strict need for
         | text analysis, and when I am working on the text itself I do
         | not need the video. On the other hand, if I think of the MIT
         | OpenCourseware material and similar (Yale etc.), the
         | "blackboard" shots can be precious to have alongside the text.
         | 
         | --                 1  ffmpeg  -i video.mkv  -vf
         | "select=eq(pict_type\,I)"  -vsync vfr  -frame_pts true
         | keyframes-%02d.jpg
        
           | savingsPossible wrote:
           | please, do create this and notify us!
        
         | jasode wrote:
         | _> I would rather just read instead of wasting time watching a
         | video. I take in far more, _
         | 
         | But sometimes the more efficient _reading text_ instead of
         | listening to a video is negated by not being able to multitask.
         | E.g. The  "dead" time of driving, walking a treadmill, raking
         | leaves in the yard, etc can be filled by listening to text.
         | Can't do that with a book.
         | 
         | That's why productivity can be helped with both complementary
         | technologies:
         | 
         | - audio-to-text: auto-generated transcripts from video for max
         | speed and random seeking
         | 
         | - text-to-audio: auto-generated TTS (text-to-speech) from text
         | to multitask while performing a mindless physical activity.
         | This helps get through backlog of books and articles without
         | having to block out dedicated reading time while nothing else
         | is getting done.
        
           | tluyben2 wrote:
           | Agreed, but when I really want to learn something (which is
           | always, for me, math, physics andor CS), then I want to read
           | as it focuses me far better. But I agree; if it is not
           | something I want to practice but just learn about, it does
           | work.
        
       | e0a74c wrote:
       | Is the average person's short-term memory and/or attention span
       | getting worse?
        
         | dorchadas wrote:
         | I would wager 'yes' to both of those answers, but I would also
         | somewhat attribute this to the Cult of Productivity, where
         | people want to 'learn' more while spending less time on it.
         | Which, depending on the subject (and I'd wager for most of
         | them), isn't really how you learn at all, and you need to put
         | thought and go slow in things.
         | 
         | It's basically another symptom of our culture's ever-increasing
         | rush for things going faster/easier.
        
           | e0a74c wrote:
           | I never looked into this Cult of Productivity but I
           | wholeheartedly agree with your take on learning in general.
           | Deep understanding of complex topics can't be rushed.
        
       | guerrilla wrote:
       | Funny, this is exactly what I've been doing lately and it did
       | help a lot actually. I felt kind of guilty or stupid for not
       | having figured it out earlier.
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | Is it due to repetition ?
        
           | m_st wrote:
           | Absolutely! There's a great online course out there called
           | "Learning to learn". I recommend you to start with this one
           | ASAP.
        
             | lampe3 wrote:
             | Link?
        
               | jinto36 wrote:
               | Going to guess that they're referencing this MOOC:
               | https://www.coursera.org/learn/learning-how-to-learn
        
           | guerrilla wrote:
           | Yes, the only reason I had it 2x was because the guy talked
           | so slowly. I've started using that feature a lot for other
           | lecturers though. It's easy to slow it down if you get to a
           | sticky part.
        
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