[HN Gopher] Regulators Shut Down Lending Platform (YC Alum) LendUp
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       Regulators Shut Down Lending Platform (YC Alum) LendUp
        
       Author : boeingUH60
       Score  : 636 points
       Date   : 2021-12-22 20:15 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.consumerfinance.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.consumerfinance.gov)
        
       | kaminar wrote:
        
       | mhoad wrote:
       | Just as a heads up the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
       | recently launched a whistleblowing program for people who work in
       | tech who see sketchy stuff going on around them that is worth
       | checking out if you have something to share
       | https://go.usa.gov/xe66f
        
         | whimsicalism wrote:
         | I feel like if we really cared about this, we would offer
         | bounties or % of penalty.
         | 
         | Oh and exempt workplace from two-party consent recording rules.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | The SEC offers that.
           | 
           | https://www.sec.gov/whistleblower
           | 
           | > The Commission is authorized by Congress to provide
           | monetary awards to eligible individuals who come forward with
           | high-quality original information that leads to a Commission
           | enforcement action in which over $1,000,000 in sanctions is
           | ordered. The range for awards is between 10% and 30% of the
           | money collected.
           | 
           | Someone made $114M this way.
           | 
           | https://www.sec.gov/news/press-release/2020-266
           | 
           | If you like the idea, there's a bill proposed to give the
           | same ability to the CFBP.
           | 
           | https://www.banking.senate.gov/newsroom/majority/cortez-
           | mast...
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | Yes, I've heard of this for the SEC.
             | 
             | Where I'd really like it to be done is minimum wage law
             | violations. Of course, that'll never happen.
        
               | javajosh wrote:
               | A reminder that naivete is valuable. Without it, nothing
               | would ever change.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | emodendroket wrote:
       | So in the end, I suppose it was not so different from a payday
       | lender after all.
        
       | xivzgrev wrote:
       | That's too bad. I always liked their ladder concept, but looks
       | like it was at least partial bullshit
       | 
       | As much as legal and compliance slow your work down, this is why
       | they're important folks!
        
       | gameswithgo wrote:
       | I wish that our very large corporations could also be shut down
       | for practices like that, but instead we bail them out. Vote
       | harder I guess?
        
       | darig wrote:
        
       | pyrophane wrote:
       | What collection tactics did LendUp use?
       | 
       | In addition to extremely high interest rates, a lot of these
       | companies rely on being pretty aggressive to get people to pay. I
       | kind of assume that without that these products don't really
       | work.
       | 
       | Was the idea that the "ladder" was meant to be a carrot sub for
       | the near "we'll break your legs" stick tactics that a lot of
       | other lenders in that space use?
        
       | qwertyuiop_ wrote:
       | What is "fintech" about payday lending ?
        
         | darig wrote:
        
         | missedthecue wrote:
         | putting it on a slick website instead of in a musty pawn shop
         | in the bad part of town.
        
       | mmaunder wrote:
       | As an immigrant I can tell you that the USA is basically Jurassic
       | Park. The monsters are mostly predatory companies. It can be a
       | lot of fun but it's very easy to do worse than die - to end up a
       | slave for the rest of your life to one of the predators. Along
       | with bullshit like making options trading available to kids, debt
       | is probably one of the velociraptors.
       | 
       | It is a trap sprung at the very start of your adult life when
       | you're most vulnerable, as a student loan.
       | 
       | It's sprung when you've lost your job, are vulnerable and are
       | about to become homeless.
       | 
       | It's sprung when you're already in debt and vulnerable, by other
       | lenders.
       | 
       | Anyone see a pattern here? Debt preys on the vulnerable, turns
       | them into something that delivers returns for decades to the
       | holders, and wraps all that up into tidy looking financial
       | products.
       | 
       | The business of debt is the financial equivalent of the US pork
       | industry: Everyone treats it as part of American life, but the
       | details would make most people throw up.
       | 
       | Anyone remember microfinance? That was the same play: usury with
       | a fresh coat of paint.
       | 
       | I'm seeing posts here making it sound like 36% APR is acceptable.
       | Look up usury folks. This is it. Debt that is intentionally
       | structured so that it can never be repaid and keeps the borrower
       | harnessed to the cart.
       | 
       | It's incredible how folks, particularly in the US, have become
       | this morally uncalibrated.
        
         | dncornholio wrote:
         | Don't forget credit cards. They make you spend money you don't
         | have. Bringing you in with benefits you should've had in the
         | first place (extended warranty etc).
        
         | 8ytecoder wrote:
         | One can argue that it's because student loans are easy to get,
         | that there are so many spurious universities preying on
         | students. I wouldn't really disagree with that. Let me share a
         | different perspective. I _couldn 't_ get a student loan. They
         | don't make it easy to get student loans in my country. Very few
         | are alloted by public banks and those go to the managers'
         | favorites. Because of the lack of a collateral, private banks
         | don't every try - too much risk. My parents had to sell the
         | only property we had - our house - to send me to college. I
         | don't know if that is a better situation to be honest. I'd have
         | gladly gone into debt to let my parents keep their home.
         | 
         | And the best part is that education wasn't even expensive for
         | me - esp with the govt scholarship. But even that little money
         | was a huge expense for my family. I know so many other fellow
         | students who had a similar story. It's hard to imagine how many
         | other families could have been lifted if they were given an
         | opportunity like I had.
        
         | IAmGraydon wrote:
         | Interest is the counterbalance of risk. One only exists because
         | of the other. That's all there is to it. People are free to use
         | both sides of that equation to their benefit or to their peril.
         | Your argument is simply that we should protect people from
         | themselves, and I would strongly disagree. You're an immigrant
         | - what did you come here for?
        
         | varelse wrote:
         | It's even better when talk of forgiving student loans triggers
         | the sorts that were fortunate enough to pay them off on their
         | own to decry that as some sort of giveaway the victims of these
         | practices don't deserve.
         | 
         | I mean it's great to pay your way out of debt but the game is
         | rigged exactly as you state. And I deeply wonder about the
         | hidden costs of having so much of our population saddled with
         | this debt. No proof but I'll bet it outweighs the cost of
         | canceling that debt not that we'll ever know.
        
         | godot wrote:
         | IMO debt is a complicated topic -- One could criticize debt as
         | traps for the poor, one could also criticize that the rich can
         | use debts to maximize leverages / avoid taxes. Is debt
         | something you don't want to get into? If so then why are the
         | rich taking advantages of them? Does that mean you should
         | prevent the poor from getting in debt? Is that not even worse
         | -- gating them from education, home ownership, etc.? Is the
         | problem then that education and housing cost too much? Or is
         | the issue really proper education for the poor on what debt and
         | how much debt they can afford? More rules and regulations to
         | prevent them from getting debt "too easily"? Is that more gate-
         | keeping against the poor then? I don't have answers to any of
         | these and I don't have a perspective. Just wondering out loud.
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | I don't think it's controversial to say that the kind of debt
           | the rich would use has rather different terms than a payday
           | loan.
        
         | noduerme wrote:
         | Coming from an immigrant family myself which stressed savings
         | and frugality above all, and who even with basic literacy and
         | no formal education understood that debt was a trap, and that
         | under _no circumstances should you ever borrow money_ , I
         | wonder what's wrong with 5th+ generation Americans who think
         | they can get something for nothing.
         | 
         | Not to say anything about predatory lenders, who all belong in
         | hell right next to the people selling miracle cures for Covid,
         | but come on. The only reason there are so many people who fall
         | for these traps is that the economy has grown and grown thanks
         | to the endless influx of immigrants who create value. Left to
         | their own devices, without immigrants who work and save,
         | Americans would end up an impoverished banana republic within
         | one generation.
        
         | Vadoff wrote:
         | In the US, you can also declare bankruptcy and wipe out almost
         | all debt (except punitive debt).
         | 
         | In some countries, debt follows you forever and even gets
         | passed to your family when you die.
        
           | bitcharmer wrote:
           | I'd rather live in a system without the institution of
           | bankruptcy and enjoy life with almost zero risk of this
           | happening.
           | 
           | If you're an average American you start getting into debt
           | very early in your life. This is not how young people should
           | be entering adult lives. What you Americans think is normal,
           | really isn't.
        
             | vivekd wrote:
             | not american, canadian, but it' hard to avoid it here, most
             | people wouldn't tbe able to get a car, university education
             | or home without some form of debt. It does have a very
             | negative impact on our society I'll admit that
             | 
             | It's normal for people here to enter their adult lives with
             | between 20 to 80 k of debt from university
        
             | frockington1 wrote:
             | It's also what propels Americans into a higher standard of
             | living than anywhere else. At a young age I bought a couple
             | investment properties with an enormous amount of debt. Now
             | I'm living a very nice life with little to worry about.
             | Debt is a tool just like a hammer is. Don't be yourself in
             | the head with it, use it to make your life better
        
               | bitcharmer wrote:
               | > higher standard of living than anywhere else.
               | 
               | Have you by any chance heard of places like Switzerland
               | or Monaco? Even Germany beats USA in terms of poverty and
               | malnutrition among children.
        
               | martin8412 wrote:
               | Standard of living isn't really comparable between
               | people. Most people in Western Europe live really nice
               | lives without the need to buy pointless junk
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | I agree with most of what you are saying, except for:
         | 
         | > to end up a slave for the rest of your life to one of the
         | predators
         | 
         | One of the best parts of the US system is that you can always
         | file bankruptcy and live to fight another day
        
         | darawk wrote:
         | > It's sprung when you've lost your job, are vulnerable and are
         | about to become homeless.
         | 
         | I mean, I think you can call this a trap, or you can call it a
         | life raft. If you take away the option of debt, the option that
         | remains is homelessness. I'm not really sure its fair to call
         | that a trap.
         | 
         | If there is a trap there, it's the fact that the person was in
         | a position to become homeless in the first place. Not that some
         | lender offered them a temporary respite.
        
           | neuronic wrote:
           | If the option to debt is homelessness maybe think about that
           | system for a second as opposed to what society is capable of
           | providing if you let it.
           | 
           | Predatory corporations rule America today so the Jurassic
           | Park comparison is quite apt. There is very solid middle
           | ground in a _social_ market economy.
           | 
           | We built societies as a construct to support the people
           | living in them, but America is all about competition and
           | individuals. There is barely any sense of community left
           | unless media frames it like a sports event (team blue vs.
           | team red or whatever).
        
         | mensetmanusman wrote:
         | Glad you mentioned usury, a sin in every major religion, once
         | illegal in the u.s. until a quirk in the law allowed it to
         | flourish.
         | 
         | https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer...
        
         | janeroe wrote:
         | > As an immigrant I can tell you...
         | 
         | Being an immigrant, of course, makes you an expert.
        
           | cromka wrote:
           | Being an immigrant gives you an edge of being more critical
           | towards the country you reside in, for having been raised
           | differently and thus instinctively noticing things that
           | natives otherwise have been normalized to ignore.
        
         | int_19h wrote:
         | One thing that I've always found interesting is that,
         | historically speaking, usury is very consistently frowned upon,
         | even across societies that are otherwise very different. What
         | more, the interest limits were usually _far_ harsher than
         | anything that we have today.
         | 
         | One can't help but wonder if our society being so deviant from
         | the historical norm is evidence of its long-term
         | unsustainability.
        
           | heartbeats wrote:
           | That's true, but the usury back in the day was usually about
           | loans to individuals. These days, you can bankrupt out of it.
           | 
           | Traditionally, the Catholic Church has made a distinction
           | between loans ultimately backed by an individual's ability to
           | sell their labor for money (mutuum loans), and loans
           | ultimately backed by assets (societas loans).
           | 
           | For societas loans, such as a non-recourse mortgage or a
           | business loan, there is no regulation whatsoever. This is
           | just equivalent to moving property around.
           | 
           | For mutuum loans, these are considered as a form of slavery.
           | If a profit is being made on it, it is illicit. The reason
           | it's slavery is that it allows you to sell your time before
           | you have it. If that money is spent, you are now in a
           | position where you are being forced to work for nothing, i.e.
           | textbook slavery.
           | 
           | There's a good FAQ at
           | https://zippycatholic.wordpress.com/2014/11/10/usury-faq-
           | or-..., but I would like to learn more about this topic. Any
           | good books?
        
         | thisiswater wrote:
         | Ironic, seeing as it's prohibited in the (expletive for
         | emphasis)'n bible.
        
           | frockington1 wrote:
           | The US has a clear separation of church and state. Christian
           | Values != Christian Laws
        
         | fourstar wrote:
         | > Look up usury folks
         | 
         | For anyone actually interested in "looking up usury", I highly
         | recommend: A History of Central Banking and the Enslavement of
         | Mankind
         | 
         | Note: you can't buy it on Amazon. Surprise surprise.
         | 
         | https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-history-of-central-bankin...
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | Jach wrote:
         | If the US is Jurassic Park, what was the place you came from?
        
           | john_moscow wrote:
           | You'd be surprised, but many Western European countries have
           | a concept of being decent, sense of duty, etc. While the
           | modus operandi in the U.S. seems to be "go for it, as long as
           | you can get away without getting jailed or sued".
           | 
           | On the other hand, the European culture pushes back quite
           | heavily towards fitting in and against entrepreneurship, so
           | neither of them is perfect.
        
             | bitcharmer wrote:
             | > On the other hand, the European culture pushes back quite
             | heavily towards fitting in and against entrepreneurship, so
             | neither of them is perfect.
             | 
             | I've lived in Europe (a few different countries) over 40
             | years. What your saying is simply not true.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | Then where are all of the innovative companies? Europe
               | has a massive drain brain problem because it absolutely
               | does not reward innovation in any business sense.
        
               | john_moscow wrote:
               | Lived in Western Europe for a while. Most innovative
               | small businesses I've seen involved fudging the numbers
               | in some way to get government grants.
        
           | bitcharmer wrote:
           | I'm guessing they are from some place where people can live
           | their lives without having to worry about that as much.
           | 
           | Europe?
        
             | frockington1 wrote:
             | Europe's national bonds are currently yielding negative
             | while their inflation is soaring. Europe makes America look
             | like controlled spending so probably not there. Could be a
             | smaller and more sheltered nation like Monaco or
             | Switzerland
        
           | xwdv wrote:
           | The Matrix.
        
           | Jach wrote:
           | In case mmaunder comes back to reply soon, what I'm getting
           | at that the other replies don't seem to address is what
           | metaphor do you use for where you came from? The reason is
           | because the idea of immigrating to Jurassic Park seems crazy
           | to me unless you're in a much crazier spot already. To me
           | Jurassic Park is something you might want to visit if you
           | really like dinosaurs and get a thrill from danger, but not
           | live in. Technically I do live "in the park" but while I
           | don't see it as such I have occasionally thought about going
           | elsewhere, so it'd be nice to have another data point in
           | places to avoid/why. Is it simply that there's no other place
           | with dinosaurs? (Perhaps dinosaurs being a metaphor for
           | entrepreneur opportunities as replies are hinting at? Though
           | I don't think you're getting at that since you ride them all
           | off as monsters with one of the iconic dinos being "debt"
           | rather than an opportunity.)
        
         | CTDOCodebases wrote:
         | Even if you are able to circumvent all this the only way at
         | them moment to protect your savings is to borrow money and
         | invest it in real estate or whatever.
        
         | leeoniya wrote:
         | > debt is probably one of the velociraptors.
         | 
         | you probably mean Utahraptor; velociraptors were rather
         | smallish, contrary to what the movies would have you believe.
         | 
         | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Dromie_s...
        
           | mmaunder wrote:
           | Today I learned. Thanks. :-)
        
           | TheDong wrote:
           | I think in this case velociraptor is correct. The parent
           | comment is not talking about the real dinosaurs, but rather
           | making an analogy to the fictional creatures in the movie,
           | which means the terminology of the movie is correct since
           | that's the context.
           | 
           | The pedantic point would be "the movie meant Utahraptor" or
           | such, but not that the parent commenter did.
        
         | kortilla wrote:
         | Most debt in the US can be discharged through bankruptcy.
         | Student loans that are bankruptcy proof are a gift from the
         | government in the last 30 years.
         | 
         | The entire tone of your post would be different if you realized
         | that it's like the game Jurassic Park, not the movie, because
         | you can start over whenever you lose. The way to win in the US
         | is lots of tries, not guaranteed wins.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Easy fix - forbid usurious loans that people are personally
         | liable for. Only allow repossession of a actual asset in the
         | case of failure to pay - and suddenly all these go away.
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | If I could give you all my karma points, I would.
         | 
         | I have made the exact comment to many over the years and I hope
         | that more people such as yourself are as eloquent and succinct
         | in conveying this point.
         | 
         | XO
        
         | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
         | You are correct.
         | 
         | When I got married, I brought in a lot of personal credit card
         | debt, and we ended up using our wedding gift money to pay it
         | off. It was extremely humiliating.
         | 
         | Since then, I have lived quite frugally, and avoided all
         | personal debt; paying off credit cards in total, each month. By
         | the time we were ready to purchase a house, our credit was sky-
         | high, and getting a decent mortgage rate wasn't difficult. Our
         | house is tiny. We live in a middle-class neighborhood. No
         | Teslas on our block.
         | 
         | I also saved between 25-40% of my income in as many ways as
         | possible, including some fairly decent funds.
         | 
         | I have habitually avoided debt, and lived quite humbly, my
         | entire adult life. I have never wanted for anything, and have
         | always been able to afford top-shelf equipment for my software
         | development work, but I suspect that a lot of folks here, would
         | sneer at my life.
         | 
         | Good thing, too. When I left my job of almost 27 years, and
         | started looking for work, I learned that no one wants to work
         | with "olds." That too, was humiliating, and infuriating. In
         | fairly short order, I just threw in the towel. I won't go where
         | I'm not wanted.
         | 
         | My savings allowed me to set up a small corporation to buy
         | equipment and software, while I pursued my "dream job," of
         | working for free. I am working with a 501(c)(3), giving them
         | software that would make a lot of "big league" corporations
         | green with envy. I have the skills and experience to make
         | others a lot of money, but my grey hair is so terrifying, that
         | no one pays attention to my qualifications. I quickly learned
         | to just avoid the agita. NPOs are grateful for whatever they
         | can get, and I am appreciated.
         | 
         | I couldn't be happier.
        
           | john_moscow wrote:
           | >I have the skills and experience to make others a lot of
           | money, but my grey hair is so terrifying, that no one pays
           | attention to my qualifications.
           | 
           | You need to position yourself as a consultant with a clearly
           | defined area of expertise, your own site, blog, etc. A
           | salaried employee these days is first and foremost a team
           | monkey hired to please the boss, and only then a skilled
           | professional. When you need someone with actual expertise,
           | you hire them transactionally to solve the problem and keep
           | them on a separate frequency from the usual chicken coup
           | business.
        
             | avereveard wrote:
             | because 50+ something CxOs with million dollar wages have a
             | blog, a skill based resume and a github page, right?
             | 
             | you're proposing the same monkey dance that signal
             | "skilled, but will ccept to be treated as a cog" which hr
             | loves but is ultimately demeaning and dehumanizing - while
             | the valuable jobs market moves on completely different
             | gears
        
               | ricardobayes wrote:
               | This will be controversial, but this is why the rest of
               | the population sees us as lazy or childish. I try to put
               | myself into the shoes of reading this comment as an
               | amazon fulfillment worker. Comes off as spoon-fed that
               | 'you're too good to even set up a CV'.
        
               | avereveard wrote:
               | nothing wrong with being blu collar, but the amazon
               | fulfillment worker didn't have to invest $$$ for five
               | years of university and doesn't have, to land or keep his
               | job, to keep training thorough his career and doesn't
               | have his job landscape shift every six months as clients
               | requirements and techincal fads change.
               | 
               | we're specialized knowledge worker, which just happen to
               | have had our profession born after feudal ages, otherwise
               | we'd be in the lawyer/architect/doctor brackets. we're
               | slowly raising up there but just because of the labor
               | market growth is getting stripped by the labor demand
               | growth in our sector, but take not of this, unless
               | something changes fast about how we see and market our
               | profession, we're going to get pushed back into blu
               | collars bracket as soon as the situation stabilizes.
        
             | luckman212 wrote:
             | > chicken coup
             | 
             | I always knew those chickens would revolt one day! (think
             | you meant chicken coop...)
        
               | jrockway wrote:
               | After a chicken coup, they'll form a chicken co-op.
        
               | mlyle wrote:
               | If the chicken coup is unsuccessful, they'll end up as
               | chicken soup.
        
               | Nevermark wrote:
               | There is a great limerick in all this somewhere. Coo-coo-
               | ka-choo
        
             | anticristi wrote:
             | > When you need someone with actual expertise, you hire
             | them transactionally to solve the problem and keep them on
             | a separate frequency from the usual chicken coup business.
             | 
             | I'm starting to see the pattern too. You hire for "team
             | spirit", i.e., people that are happy to sacrifice their
             | weekends and evenings for the mission of your company.
             | 
             | Old dogs, as I'm starting to become, will rather tell you
             | that you need to work harder on your strategy, work harder
             | on your product, avoid feature creep and sales outflanking.
             | They might also tell you that you need management more than
             | engineering. But enough of inconvenient truth, back to
             | hiring juniors.
             | 
             | Just to make sure I don't offered anyone. A successful org
             | needs both: fresh minds and experience.
        
               | ricardobayes wrote:
               | Looks like I'm getting old then huh.
        
           | kwiens wrote:
           | Good for you! There are so many organizations in the world
           | that need top-notch skills like yours and can't afford it. I
           | hope you're having a blast.
        
             | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
             | It's extremely gratifying (for me). I understand it's not
             | for everyone, but I'm weird.
        
           | girvo wrote:
           | The ageism in our industry frustrates me.
           | 
           | The best coworkers I've learned the most from were more
           | experienced older devs. Now I'm the most experienced dev
           | typically, which is good for my wallet, sure, but means
           | learning from others becomes more difficult
        
           | GoodJokes wrote:
        
           | noduerme wrote:
           | This sounds a lot like me. In the 90s, in a brief foray to
           | college, I racked up about $12,000 in debt. (Could have been
           | worse). I was ashamed by it. I tore up my credit cards and
           | repaid it over a few years. Around Y2K my brother and I each
           | inherited about $40k from our grandfather. He spent his. I
           | invested mine. Fifteen years later I used it to buy a modest
           | house, for cash. I work every day and, without a mortgage or
           | rent, I save almost all of what I make. I don't take
           | extravagant vacations or buy myself fancy cars (although I
           | don't have to skimp when buying people nice gifts for
           | Christmas). On around $100k/yr I'm worth over $1M. I don't
           | live like a monk, but I'm sure a lot of people would laugh at
           | my simple lifestyle. I like cooking rice and beans, slow
           | roasting cheap and delicious meats, and getting volume
           | discounts on interesting wines. If my gf wants something I'll
           | never say no, but I never dated women who were after me for
           | money, because it's obvious to anyone that I'm not into
           | spending for status. I recently bought my first new pair of
           | shoes in 3 years. But there's nothing I want that I don't
           | have.
           | 
           | Working as you do for a nonprofit sounds fantastic. My setup
           | is a bit similar - after years of devotion, a good small
           | company basically bought my freelance time in bulk and gave
           | me 5% ownership, and I get to build beautiful software and
           | set my own life.
        
             | jameshush wrote:
             | The last part of your story really resonated with me. Zero
             | worries, pleasant job, and dealing with just the parts of a
             | company that you're interested in (e.g. not having to worry
             | about sales, marketing, or payroll on your own).
             | 
             | Great job!
        
             | onion2k wrote:
             | I don't know you, and I probably shouldn't comment, but
             | this way of life stops people getting rich. For you I'm
             | sure that's OK. Like you say, you have everything you need.
             | Anyway...
             | 
             | There are two things that practically every rich person
             | I've met have in common (where rich is assets over about
             | $100m that aren't inherited). The first is focus. They have
             | the ability to see an idea through to the end. They believe
             | in themselves, they believe in an idea, and they _execute_.
             | By the sounds of it noduerme might have that sort of focus.
             | To live frugally when you don 't need to sounds like
             | someone who has an idea and is sticking with it. That's
             | awesome.
             | 
             | The second thing is _need_. Actually needing money, either
             | just to start out, or to fund a lavish lifestyle, or to
             | keep up status, is a powerful driving force. Setting up
             | your life up in a way that removes the force stops most
             | people executing on their ideas.
             | 
             | This is advice for anyone who wants to get _rich_ - if you
             | slowly grow your assets to a point where you 're very
             | comfortable, you probably won't ever level up to the point
             | where you can buy a Lamborghini because you just won't need
             | to. If your goal is to become _rich_ most people don 't
             | seem to be able do it by slowly growing their wealth and
             | _then_ working on an idea. You have to use the need to be
             | "%^&* you money" rich to drive your idea.
             | 
             | (This isn't universal of course. Some people come up with
             | an idea later in life after they've got a house and assets
             | and still execute brilliantly. But it's much more common to
             | see younger founders who _need_ success pushing an idea to
             | a big exit.)
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | I upvoted because it's spot on. Those are exactly the
               | drivers to get seriously rich. And you spotted me. I
               | don't need to be rich or drive a lambo. _Need_ for fuck-
               | you money comes from a couple places, that I 've seen: *
               | Dad was abusive, always put you down. You never felt good
               | enough, you _need_ to prove you 're better than him. I
               | had this. My brothers had it. One of them makes $3M a
               | year and desperately tries to use it to impress our
               | father. I guess watching that act made me realize that's
               | a fuckin futile way to spend your time. * You had some
               | other form of humiliation, maybe you're short or ugly,
               | girls don't give you the time of day. (I'm short and not
               | terribly attractive - girls like me well enough if we get
               | talking, and I always play poor on dates, although I pay
               | for things. I never, ever want someone to like me more
               | because.. [edit] double edit here. At my ultra-rich
               | brother's wedding, his wife stood up to give a speech and
               | she said: " I always thought [brother] was short, but I
               | realized he was a lot taller when he was standing on his
               | wallet! " Needless to say, they got divorced and he's
               | still paying for it ).
               | 
               | Just since we're speaking very bluntly. I found that when
               | I'm single, I can usually meet a girl if I stick around
               | somewhere until the end of the night. But I usually don't
               | do that unless I'm starving. So you're exactly right,
               | having the focus and having the _need_ are two different
               | things.
               | 
               | The only place where I personally think you're wrong is
               | your overall pitch - "don't be this guy [noduerme]" - to
               | young fellas that think getting rich is the end-all. Like
               | said, if I needed it enough, I'd spend my time trying to
               | get fuck-you money and be rich by those standards. But
               | proving the size of my dick just isn't something I _need_
               | to do, know what I 'm sayin? And funny enough, that blase
               | attitude I've developed about it _really_ fucking pisses
               | off the ultra-rich people in my life.
        
               | lordnacho wrote:
               | I've always found the real thing that people don't like,
               | and I don't like, is the desire for approval. That
               | childlike "look at me" thing that is endearing in a child
               | but off-putting in an adult. I've seen it a few times
               | among quite wealthy people, eg they try to impress you
               | with how much wine they drink or how many cars they have,
               | and it only works superficially. It's like a child
               | somehow, and you often see them spouting their mundane
               | thoughts in the media as if people want to hear what they
               | think, or they start writing advice for other people to
               | get rich.
               | 
               | The thing about socializing is you discover that if
               | someone has one of these hangups (women, money,
               | intelligence) everyone around them will let them
               | demonstrate it. It's painful to watch sometimes. "Sure
               | I'll try your car one more time". "Wow you're really
               | smart".
               | 
               | By contrast I know genuinely megarich people who can't be
               | identified as such, because they just don't have that
               | need for approval.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | There is no one I feel sadder for than the ultra-rich
               | people I know who desperately want to just be _liked_.
               | They 're stuck in that phase of pre-school where it's
               | like, "Look at how many legos I have! Do you want to play
               | with my toys?" This is so superficially obvious, when you
               | see it, I mean... you have to feel pity, because they're
               | so desperate for love. For any real connection. And they
               | can't trust anyone, either, because they'll never believe
               | someone actually likes them for who they are. Having more
               | money than you need to live comfortably is a fucking
               | curse.
        
               | irl_chad wrote:
               | You're incredibly wrong. Rich people just make friends
               | with other rich people.
               | 
               | Speaking from experience, I don't care if girls want me
               | for my $. But I'm not looking for a wife right now. If I
               | was, I would probably date women that I meet at higher
               | social events instead of lingerie models.
               | 
               | I have a couple friends from before I got rich, but most
               | of my friends now have similar status.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | > Rich people just make friends with other rich people.
               | 
               | Those aren't friends. They're friendly competition. At
               | best they're good to commiserate with. They're out to
               | prove the same thing; they wouldn't be friends with you
               | if you weren't rich. For proof, they think they have a
               | lot of friends, but those people work for them.
               | 
               | > I don't care if girls want me for my $
               | 
               | Recipe for disaster. I've seen so many people use their
               | wealth as a tool of attracting women. You just magnetize
               | the worst possible people to you. Tempting as it is - I'd
               | rather front as a poor hippie and meet girls who like my
               | personality. If they find out I have money, that's a
               | bonus later, once I know they're solid & trustworthy
               | people.
        
               | irl_chad wrote:
               | After tax I make a few hundred k/month. I spend almost
               | all of it. I'm always motivated to keep growing my
               | business, because if I don't, I'll go broke.
               | 
               | I love this lifestyle.
        
               | activitypea wrote:
               | log off
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | It appears that you got downvoted a bit, and I'm sorry. I
               | think that your point was well-made.
               | 
               | In my case, I have written infrastructure software that
               | has, and will, change the world. It has already become a
               | worldwide standard, and is used daily, by thousands of
               | people around the world. It is not hyperbole to say that
               | the software saves lives. That's exactly why I wrote it.
               | 
               | I never made a dime on it. In fact, I spent thousands of
               | dollars of my own money, and ten years of my life,
               | shepherding it to the point where it could be taken over
               | by a new team, and become ubiquitous. It was a difficult
               | journey. The demographics of the users of my software are
               | ... _challenging_. I often weathered torrents of abuse,
               | sabotage, and opposition, during the project. The new
               | team will never have to suffer those particular slings
               | and arrows. I'm an ornery, stubborn old coot, and could
               | take it. I knew what I was signing up for, and many folks
               | would consider me insane for doing it (they may have a
               | point).
               | 
               | I'll never get an award, and I have almost no recognition
               | at all. Every day, I interact with people that use my
               | software, and have no idea that I was the original
               | author. I also deal with folks that know what I did, but
               | don't really understand what it took to get where we are.
               | They seem to think that I sat down, and churned it out in
               | a couple of months.
               | 
               | Not every achievement should be measured in money, and
               | that's great.
        
               | vladvasiliu wrote:
               | > The second thing is need. Actually needing money,
               | either just to start out, or to fund a lavish lifestyle,
               | or to keep up status, is a powerful driving force.
               | Setting up your life up in a way that removes the force
               | stops most people executing on their ideas.
               | 
               | I think I see the reasoning for this, but empirically, I
               | don't agree. The need may be necessary, but it's clearly
               | not sufficient for many people.
               | 
               | I would even say that it's just one of the possible means
               | to get the focus going, but not the only one.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | No one needs more rooms or roombas. I think he's
               | referring to the need for 'respect' and ego gratification
               | from other people. _But rich people always find out this
               | is bullshit_ - sometimes at the cost of years of being
               | fake-handled by the people they trusted. Being rich can
               | 't buy you trust in your relationships. It's the
               | opposite. You can never trust anyone who didn't love you
               | when you were poor as hell.
        
             | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
             | _> a good small company basically bought my freelance time
             | in bulk and gave me 5% ownership, and I get to build
             | beautiful software and set my own life._
             | 
             | It was pleasant to wake up, and see where this thread went.
             | 
             | I think that happiness is alignment of wants and needs,
             | coupled with the means to satisfy them.
             | 
             | Some people _need_ to be rich, as it satisfies an internal
             | metric, of some kind, so the enormous work and sacrifice
             | that are required to be rich are worth it. Unless you are
             | born into wealth, getting there is a great deal of work
             | (and some breaks, but it's always work). I have known folks
             | that got there, and were devastated to find that it did not
             | make them happy.
             | 
             | I _need_ to be a craftsman, to work "with my hands" (so to
             | speak), on small-batch, artisanal creations, so my work has
             | been focused on getting to the point where I can do that.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | > Some people need to be rich
               | 
               | See the comment I responded to below. I have a hard time
               | with that mentality, but I get it.
               | 
               | > I need to be craftsman
               | 
               | I relate to this so much. Most of my best friends are
               | mechanics, cooks, butchers, musicians. I actually only
               | have one friend who's a programmer, and he's a craftsman
               | too... I know him because we drunk-coded at the same bar
               | for a couple years. People look at programming and don't
               | get it...(yet - they don't understand yet, in 2021, but
               | they will in 2040) ...that it's a clock maker's job. One
               | friend who's a mechanic builds his own engines - just
               | glorious, gleaming machines, one piece at a time. One
               | time I was in his shop taking a distributor apart and
               | said my job is like this, and he looked at me like I'm
               | nuts. No, it's like this. Taking things apart to see how
               | they work, and figuring out how to put them together.
               | Lines of code are just like screws and weights and this
               | thing that flies around the middle, distributing spark,
               | that's like a for/next loop.
               | 
               | My Dad was a lawyer and he said, when I was a kid, "poor
               | people work with their hands, rich people work with their
               | minds." Well, I told him when I was 13 I would rather
               | make something with my hands because it's honest.
               | Programming, done right, is honest work - no better or
               | worse than a creative mechanic's job. And it can be very
               | artisinal in a way that satisfies your aesthetic sense
               | and your sense of a job done beautifully. I don't think
               | lawyers get that type of satisfaction.
        
               | jaynetics wrote:
               | Imagine if we took "onboarding" as seriously as clock
               | makers used to.
               | 
               | Working with a master for a few years to learn the craft,
               | step by step, always under an experienced gaze.
               | 
               | Or conversely, imagine what a clock would look like if it
               | was cobbled together by someone who has just gone through
               | a few weeks of clock-making bootcamp. I feel this is what
               | some of our software looks like.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | My girlfriend is doing code bootcamp to try to have an
               | option outside of her current job. I do know one girl who
               | did it a couple years ago, who was a bartender and is now
               | writing frontend React for Nike and making six figures.
               | My GF's very smart, and I want to encourage her, but I
               | don't think it's going to work. She's not a watch-maker.
               | She's good at people. Here's my glossy view on this.
               | Everyone wants this glamorous job now of being an
               | engineer. But you have to be a fuckin obsessive OCD geek
               | to look at a shitpile of cat output and be like _what the
               | fuck went wrong here, I can 't stop, sleep or eat until I
               | figure it out_. It's okay. Not everyone can or should
               | make watches. How do you train them..? Put them in the
               | woods with StackOverflow and give them something
               | impossible.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | There are plenty of good jobs for people who are good
               | with people and know there basics of how to code, though,
               | so that may well work out well for her even if she
               | doesn't end up enjoying full on development.
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | I believe that the problem is that the software
               | development industry is completely built around
               | engineers, staying at companies for two years or less.
               | There's lots of reasons for this. I think a lot of those
               | reasons are cultural (SE culture, not nationality).
               | 
               | I stayed at my last company for almost 27 years. When I
               | mention that in venues like HN, it's usually mocked, and
               | I'm basically called a "chump," for doing it.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | My only exposure to this weird, desperate, corporate
               | ladder-climbing culture is via HN. It freaks me out to
               | hear the lives coders are living inside these places,
               | because it bears literally no resemblance to the way I
               | articulate code or think about my job. I basically come
               | here for the spectacle. I've been freelance since the
               | first dot-com collapse in '98. I just come here to hear
               | how $megacorp[$x] is abusing people. That being said, I
               | always worry what if I had to go back to work for one...
               | 
               | I get a sense that you exist like myself, and other
               | coders I've known, outside the furious competition for
               | status in a FAANG, doing our own thing and crafting our
               | own art. It's kinda calming and peaceful to watch from
               | the grandstands while the central rat race shit show goes
               | on.
               | 
               | [edit] I was also banned from here for 8 years for
               | personally insulting the founder, who encourages and
               | finances, uh, certain stereotypical corporate rat race
               | bullshit.
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | A few years ago, I went to a dinner, hosted by Facebook.
               | They were recruiting devs, and had a bit of an open
               | house. I was curious about their operation.
               | 
               | The experience was fairly pleasant. I liked the people,
               | but decided that the company wasn't really one that I
               | wanted to join.
               | 
               | I was talking to one of the managers, there, and he
               | boasted that he had been at Facebook longer than at any
               | other company in his career. Since he was fairly young, I
               | was curious.
               | 
               | "How long is that?" I asked.
               | 
               | "Twenty-seven months!" he proudly stated.
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | I like your attitude. I feel we need more of it.
        
             | brightball wrote:
             | I'm coming back from the first really expensive vacation
             | that my family has ever taken (to Hawaii).
             | 
             | Was a lot of fun but if we hadn't been able to do it with
             | airline miles I don't think I could have stomached the
             | cost. We could afford it, it just doesn't feel right to
             | spend that type of money on a few days away.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | IDK how it was in Hawaii, but don't feel bad. I'd much
               | rather spend money on an experience (or friends and
               | family) than on buying _stuff_. If it adds to the fabric
               | and experience of your life, it 's worth it. That's what
               | money is for. The reason I think this is, it's the total
               | opposite of sitting alone in your castle acquiring shit
               | that you hope to one day show off to people.
        
               | lelanthran wrote:
               | > I'd much rather spend money on an experience (or
               | friends and family) than on buying stuff. If it adds to
               | the fabric and experience of your life, it's worth it.
               | 
               | Yeah, that's what my _stuff_ is: an addition to the
               | fabric and experience of my life.
               | 
               | Spending money on pure "experiences" is, for me, wasted
               | money. A memory of a vacation is worth less to me than
               | some "stuff" I will use for the next 10 to 15 years[1].
               | 
               | For me, it depends on utility. I'm willing to spend on
               | things I find useful, and I'm willing to spend on things
               | I enjoy. Given the option between a vacation and
               | replacing my 12 year old car, I'd replace the car.
               | 
               | I'm typing this on my main personal computer, which is a
               | first generation i7, so at least ten years old at this
               | point.
        
               | brightball wrote:
               | I can agree with that to a point. At the same time, I
               | could probably plan 3-4 trips for the price of the Hawaii
               | trip.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | Heheh. I know _exactly_ and that 's okay dude. Live and
               | learn. I spent a totally bunk couple weeks in Surfer's
               | Paradise once for the cost of a whole summer in Uruguay.
               | Can't always get it right. Beaches get boring on the
               | higher end, or if you spend too long, too. Nothin like a
               | couple weeks in a beach town to remind you never to
               | retire to one :D
        
               | RHSeeger wrote:
               | > I'd much rather spend money on an experience (or
               | friends and family) than on buying stuff. [snip]... it's
               | the total opposite of sitting alone in your castle
               | acquiring shit that you hope to one day show off to
               | people.
               | 
               | What makes you think that everyone buying stuff is doing
               | it to show off to people. I'd much rather spend money on
               | stuff than experiences. Experiences are ephemeral and,
               | once completed, exist only in your memory. The stuff I
               | buy is generally something that going to make my life
               | better in a continuous and ongoing way. A pond in the
               | back yard, a nicer car (I buy used, but I buy a nice used
               | car, with the bells and whistles that I think are
               | important), a console system to play with my child, etc.
               | I spend most of my life in or around my house... spending
               | my money to make that time better seems fairly optimal
               | behavior.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | Another thing is you can sell your "stuff" on eBay to
               | recoup the cost when you're done with them or you can
               | gift them to others. You can't sell your vacation memory
               | later in life. I went on vacations and did a lot of
               | travel many decades ago. It was great in the moment but I
               | can't even remember most of them now. Those experiences
               | are totally useless to me now.
               | 
               | That's why I consider it financial insanity to spend your
               | 20s traveling the world and "finding yourself" instead of
               | working and saving. A year of 401k contributions when you
               | are 20 probably results in subtracting 3 years from your
               | retirement age. Make hay while the sun shines.
        
               | Mezzie wrote:
               | > That's why I consider it financial insanity to spend
               | your 20s traveling the world and "finding yourself"
               | instead of working and saving.
               | 
               | I spent my 20s unemployed due to MS. I'm screwed for my
               | whole life now. Then again I don't get to plan when I
               | retire either so I guess it works out?
        
               | itspeat wrote:
               | As a 30y/o who's took a very stable primary job with
               | great benefits and who works 3 other jobs +- 1 (engineer
               | during the day... mechanic, photographer, general
               | contracting moonlighting) I also obsessed over retirement
               | and saving for my future. I only try to buy things that
               | maintain value or will be extremely useful or life
               | improving to me. However, I also think that the
               | experience of traveling, depending on how you do it,
               | provides immeasurable value to our lives, even if they do
               | live in our memories and fade over time. Keeping a
               | journal helps with calling back those memories, feelings,
               | and things learned. I traveled a lot in my early 20s
               | while still contributing to some sort of IRA. But I
               | traveled very cheaply. Hostels and splitting bills and it
               | has taught me so much about people, history, and the
               | world that it has shaped how I interact with people
               | daily. I can relate to people of other cultures more
               | easily and have something to connect with which I believe
               | is the ultimate experience, once we acquire the main
               | things that we need to survive day to day. I don't have
               | many material goods, but the ones fondest to me I've
               | taken to these trips or have inherited from others with
               | stories behind their gifts. Having said all that, yes, I
               | think taking vacations at all inclusive expensive resorts
               | or just going somewhere to get drunk is waste, or at
               | least not an ideal way to spend travel money.
               | 
               | I think it's important to learn about the world and take
               | in many experiences while we are young and capable
               | because too many people don't make it to retirement or
               | can't physically do the things they wanted to when they
               | were 20-40
        
               | bittercynic wrote:
               | Traveling has been very valuable to me because I get to
               | see that some of the unpleasant behaviors that are common
               | in my area are not universal, but just peculiarities of
               | the spot I happen to live in. It's somehow comforting to
               | know that things are different in different places.
        
             | moritonal wrote:
             | Just an outside perspective. Your talking about how it's
             | easy to be frugal when you inherited $40k, earn >$100k and
             | never have to be actually frugal, you choose to be.
        
               | Mezzie wrote:
               | Yes. This advice is decent if you're upper-middle class
               | or above, socio-economically speaking, but to the
               | majority of people, it's just not applicable.
               | 
               | Not to mention that we're in a society that incentivizes
               | people to be irresponsible. I'm not allowed to earn six-
               | figures or I'll lose healthcare. Same with
               | inheriting/having more than a certain amount saved. My
               | meds cost 300k/yr, so I hit OOP max the first month of
               | ANY health insurance plan I have EVERY year. The wrong
               | plan can cost me over 20k/yr.
        
               | CalRobert wrote:
               | That's a fair point, but the broader message of avoiding
               | lifestyle inflation is valid. I used to make a lot less
               | money and have very little in the bank and now that I
               | have a much better paying job (and had a lucky break with
               | an acquisition) it's remarkably easy to justify things to
               | yourself. "Sure you can make more money, not more time" -
               | "this new thing is more efficient" - "if I have X then my
               | life will be better" (that last one is sometimes, but
               | rarely, true - we had a ~500 square foot house and 2 kids
               | and a bigger home did dramatically aid our mental health.
               | 
               | I hate buying gas and feel guilty about it, but also
               | would like to be able to seat 6 people, so suddenly a
               | Model Y seems "reasonable". But sitting down and doing
               | the math shows that even if my goals are environmental,
               | keeping the 12 year old Honda and getting a rental car
               | now and then is much better than a brand new EV (and
               | vastly cheaper) - but before thinking about it carefully,
               | I was tempted.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | I really relate to this. Aside from having watched
               | "lifestyle inflation" put people I know who make 7
               | figures a year into debt to their poorly chosen young ex-
               | wives... I had a brief burst during the pandemic where I
               | bought some wish list crazy stuff. A new guitar ($1300).
               | A Roomba. A drawing tablet. A set of good wine glasses. A
               | second car, one that was made after 1980 and doesn't fly
               | off the road in the rain. And these things make you go,
               | like - wow. This is a really well designed thing. It
               | smells nice and feels solid in your hands. Shit, my life
               | could be so much more enjoyable if my days and nights
               | were spent touching these wonderfully designed objects,
               | which I can afford to feel the pleasure of. Why do I deny
               | myself the pleasure of having them? So I think the basic
               | answer is that I don't want too much comfort in my life.
               | Regardless of money. I think money corrupts by making you
               | too comfortable, yeah, but my objection is more to the
               | comfort than with the means to purchase it. Life should
               | be a bit uncomfortable. Or very uncomfortable, when your
               | 1980 Datsun is leaking freezing water and sliding across
               | the freeway.
               | 
               | A lot of people seem to have the idea that being a full-
               | grown human is being rich. To me, it's being able to plug
               | all the holes in your own roof and always bearing in mind
               | that we're just here for a limited period of time, to
               | gain knowledge and experience, not _things to make us
               | lazy and comfortable_. But maybe that 's just like some
               | weird post-religious self denial predilection I hold
               | onto.
        
               | ak217 wrote:
               | I would urge you to reconsider the car thing. There's a
               | difference between being able to fix your own car/house
               | (which I also derive a great sense of satisfaction from)
               | and routinely taking the risk of debilitating lifelong
               | health problems because of an accident that a newer car
               | with better tires could have easily prevented. (I once
               | spun out in the rain and totaled my car because my rear
               | tires were bald, narrowly avoiding serious injury. Never
               | again.)
        
               | skrtskrt wrote:
               | Also crash safety is 10x better on current cars than even
               | 10 years ago. You're not going to appreciate the
               | simplicity of the old car when you're debilitated for
               | life in a crash you would have walked away from without a
               | scratch in a 2020 base model Civic. That's not to mention
               | auto emergency braking, traction and stability control,
               | lane keep assist and blind spot monitoring that would
               | have prevented the crash in the first place
               | 
               | I appreciate the attraction of the simplicity of older
               | cars, but you are accepting that a crash could turn you
               | into pink mist if you are lucky, lifetime of pain and
               | disability if you are unlucky.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | Living on $100k means being frugal by the standards of
               | the rich, anyway. I think it would be an error not to be
               | frugal even if I considered myself rich, which I don't
               | think I am. I'm happy that my tastes and preferences were
               | set when I was in debt and waiting tables / driving taxi
               | / doing three jobs. Up until I was in my mid-20s, making
               | $100k/yr seemed _totally unimaginable_ , so I appreciate
               | what I have now in a way that I think a lot of people I'm
               | exposed to take for granted. I still pretty much shop the
               | same way, cook the same way, live the same way as when I
               | was a cab driver, with a few additional perks I allow
               | myself. Like a new laptop or new shoes every few years.
               | I'm not just frugal; I literally don't _know_ how to
               | spend money, and the thought of spending it scares the
               | shit out of me. I haven 't let a higher income change my
               | basic outlook. Because of where I am in my career, I'm
               | surrounded by a lot of people who make 10x what I do and
               | are worth 30x what I am. And I'm constantly appalled at
               | their decisions and the stupid things they waste their
               | money on. If I had that kind of money, I wouldn't be
               | going to Burning Man or partying in Tulum or buying
               | Lambos or adding a waterfall pool or hiring fire dancers
               | for backyard parties. I'm not sure what I'd do, but it
               | wouldn't be those things. I'd probably plow it into
               | whatever new startup idea got me obsessed with code all
               | night.
               | 
               | On the spectrum of all humanity, inheriting $40k in your
               | twenties is on the lucky side, but it's also pretty
               | basic. I wasn't born a Brahmin and I didn't exactly
               | inherit Dubai. I also know a lot of people who were trust
               | funders from birth and threw it all away, or blew their
               | money on bad ideas. Or blew it up their noses and
               | committed suicide - I knew several of those. Just from my
               | own observation, most people who get money and don't know
               | how to manage it are parted from it pretty quickly. This
               | isn't to say I _deserved_ to inherit something, just
               | that, life finds a way to equalize out stupid behavior
               | pretty quickly.
               | 
               | Reminding myself that that's the case is probably the
               | only way for me not to go broke.
        
           | xwolfi wrote:
           | You know I discovered credit cards in my mid twenties when
           | emigrating to HK from Europe where we had only debit.
           | 
           | I dont pay it in full each month dude, I pay it ... EACH
           | TRANSACTION :D There s no reason to defer payment even by one
           | week and each time you do delay your brain is telling a
           | different story than if you just extracted money out of your
           | account immediately.
           | 
           | Why do you think humans should permanently borrow to the next
           | month to buy tomatoes at the super market ?
        
             | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
             | I did that, for a while, but it's just easier to do it once
             | a month, and be done with it.
             | 
             | I believe that self-discipline is _extremely_ important for
             | a life of happiness and fulfillment. Sounds like you have
             | that. Good show.
        
             | carlhjerpe wrote:
             | Because the US credit system requires you to do it this
             | way, also since their card safety is dogshit you want
             | credit in case someone skims your card, because it's not
             | your money being stolen (it's easier not to pay the CC
             | company than getting your money back from someone).
             | 
             | Another reason is that a CC usually allows higher offline
             | transaction limits, which might be valuable for some.
             | 
             | Just because your direct debit scheme makes sense to you
             | doesn't mean it makes sense for EVERYONE.
             | 
             | I have a VISA debit card and a Mastercard CC. I use debit
             | the most (commonplace in Sweden) but keep the CC around as
             | an extra if my bank has downtime or if I'm traveling the
             | less connected parts of the world.
             | 
             | Widen your views, things are different all over the world.
             | Imagine billions of people don't have access to the
             | internet and you'll find that your way isn't the only way,
             | in some places they pay with sex, food, cattle, cash, CC,
             | direct debit, crypto, futures or whatever convoluted (in my
             | opinion) system they can come up with.
             | 
             | If you're in an AMUSEMENT PARK or A BATHHOUSE you might
             | transact with a tag and pay when you leave.
        
               | newswasboring wrote:
               | > Because the US credit system requires you to do it this
               | way
               | 
               | That is the issue though. Why? It makes no sense. You
               | gave this condescending lecture about understanding other
               | cultures but didn't take a sentence to even try to
               | explain.
        
             | smegger001 wrote:
             | I pay in full rather at the end of the billing cycle
             | because I have it set to auto-pay and then I don't have to
             | worry about it. But then I barely ever use my credit card
             | other than for reoccurring payments or major purchase. I'll
             | just use debit if I am buying tomatoes why barrow for small
             | purchases in the first place.
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | I use credit cards for tomatoes. One reason is
               | convenience. The other one is that I have a Apple Card,
               | so I have a fairly decent Apple Cash "slush fund," from
               | the rebates they do.
        
               | marderfarker2 wrote:
               | With debit card you hand the merchant your whole bank
               | account and trust them to deduct an agreed amount. With
               | credit card it becomes the bank's problem.
               | 
               | Anyway it doesn't have to be like this. In China you scan
               | a merchant code and enter the amount you want to pay on
               | your phone, much like a bank transfer, but it happens
               | instantly.
        
               | smsm42 wrote:
               | Good point on this - if some merchant cheats you, you
               | have a decent chance with CC company to get the money
               | back. With debit, your money is gone, good luck getting a
               | refund.
        
             | smsm42 wrote:
             | If you have discipline, it's very convenient. You can
             | manage your cash flow and know when and how much exactly is
             | coming in and out of your account, and if you have an
             | unexpected $2000 expense (say, something went wrong with
             | your car), you can pay it now and have a month to fetch the
             | money for it from wherever you keep the money - since
             | keeping all your money on the same checking account is both
             | wasteful and risky. Also, can get you a cool 2% back on
             | every transaction (over the years, it comes to a non-
             | trivial sum). Some can even do 5%.
             | 
             | All that requires discipline and planning of course. If you
             | don't trust yourself with being able to keep it up for
             | years - get a debit.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | I have been using credit cards in the US since I was a kid
             | 15+ years ago, and my parents have been using them for 20+
             | years easy. I feel like they have had the ability to
             | autopay for at least that long.
        
               | feanaro wrote:
               | What's the purpose of an autopay-enabled credit card
               | compared to a debit card? Is it just a convention?
               | 
               | To me a credit card always feels "dirtier" because of the
               | connotation that it produces debt and that I have to rely
               | on someone else extending me credit, even if momentarily.
               | It seems much cleaner to just spend your own money
               | directly with as little middlemen as possible.
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | > What's the purpose of an autopay-enabled credit card
               | compared to a debit card? Is it just a convention?
               | 
               | As long as interest is avoided, rewards and protection. I
               | end up with a 'free' plane ticket to Europe every year
               | through my primary CC. The Apple Card gives 3% back on
               | anything Apple (plus some others like TMO), and allows
               | you buy almost any Apple item with 12 month, 0% payments.
               | I could spend the 2k on that laptop or keep that money
               | invested and just pay 166/month. The Amazon card is 5%
               | back on anything Amazon (and Whole foods if that's your
               | thing). I bought a 'free' TV with the rewards last year.
               | 
               | I've had my CCs stolen many times, and the buffer means
               | I've never had that money leave my bank account.
               | 
               | I was taught early on in life that cash is king. The
               | longer you can keep the cash in your control the better.
               | Using CCs to provide a buffer does exactly that. And the
               | rewards are a bonus for money I'm spending anyway.
        
               | bluejay2 wrote:
               | Many credits card have points/airline miles/other stuff
               | you can earn with your purchases. So as long as (1) the
               | bill doesn't add fees for using a credit card, and (2)
               | you are paying your credit card balance in full each
               | month (and thus incurring no interest charges), it can be
               | more advantageous to pay with a credit card.
               | 
               | Even if you are not earning extra points, using a credit
               | card may be helpful for some who are trying to establish
               | a credit history, which will be important if they wish to
               | borrow larger sums (auto loans, home mortgages) in the
               | future.
        
               | feanaro wrote:
               | > Even if you are not earning extra points, using a
               | credit card may be helpful for some who are trying to
               | establish a credit history, which will be important if
               | they wish to borrow larger sums (auto loans, home
               | mortgages) in the future.
               | 
               | Ah, that explains part of it, I guess. This isn't a thing
               | in my European country.
               | 
               | What I don't understand is why simply using a credit card
               | would count more towards establishing you as a good
               | creditor than not even having to use a credit card at
               | all. I guess that's a weird bias in the system?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | It is not a weird bias. Paying off a revolving credit
               | card balance every month is not that big of a signal
               | about your future likelihood of repaying loans in a
               | timely manner, but it is a signal.
               | 
               | Not borrowing any money, and hence not having any history
               | of repaying borrowed money is zero signal.
               | 
               | If it was true that people who never borrowed money were
               | more likely than repaying borrowed money on time than
               | people who regularly borrowed money, then a lender would
               | have already noticed this in their data and would have
               | offered a more competitive financing product in the
               | marketplace.
               | 
               | Since that has not happened, it is reasonable to surmise
               | that the tiny signal of maintaining a small revolving
               | credit card loan with timely payments is better than the
               | zero signal of not maintaining any loan balance.
               | 
               | Note that having many tiny credit card revolving loan
               | amounts is viewed negatively.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | > To me a credit card always feels "dirtier" because of
               | the connotation that it produces debt and that I have to
               | rely on someone else extending me credit, even if
               | momentarily. It seems much cleaner to just spend your own
               | money directly with as little middlemen as possible.
               | 
               | In the US, you lose out on 2%+ cash back rewards when you
               | do not use credit card (because the price for purchasing
               | with a credit card is the same as not using a credit
               | card, and the minimum cash back rewards in free credit
               | cards is 2%).
        
               | feanaro wrote:
               | Why does cash back exist as a concept? How does it
               | benefit companies to charge me less simply for the act of
               | using a credit card, even if I'm not paying interest on
               | it?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | The entities giving cash back (banks issuing credit
               | cards) profit more from the interest from people who do
               | not pay their monthly balance more than the loss of
               | giving everyone 2% cash back.
               | 
               | Merchants (generally large merchants) do not offer a
               | discount for paying with debit cards because people spend
               | more money when using credit cards.
               | 
               | There are some notable exceptions that offer cheaper
               | prices for using debit card, such as Target that offers a
               | 5% discount for using a debit card to pay. Hence I pay at
               | Target with a debit card.
               | 
               | Basically, other people's cash flow problems and/or
               | inability to resist temptations to spend more than what
               | they have results in profit for merchants, banks, and
               | people that pay their credit card balance every month.
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | _> Merchants (generally large merchants) do not offer a
               | discount for paying with debit cards because people spend
               | more money when using credit cards._
               | 
               | Also, I assume that most credit companies (VISA, MC,
               | etc.), have rules, expressly forbidding charging
               | different rates for the use of credit cards. It makes
               | sense, because they don't want to be avoided as a payment
               | option.
               | 
               | I learned this, when I did my first shopping cart, and
               | read the whole freakin' VISA Merchant's Manual.
               | 
               | There was some kind of loophole that gas stations used.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Not as of 2010. Dodd-Frank legislation explicitly made it
               | illegal for payment card networks to prevent merchants
               | from offering discounts for different payment methods:
               | 
               | https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-
               | center/guidance/new...
               | 
               | > A PCN cannot stop you from offering your customers a
               | discount or another incentive for using a certain method
               | of payment, as long as you offer it to all your customers
               | and disclose the offer clearly and conspicuously. For
               | example, you can offer your customers a discount or a
               | coupon if they pay with cash or a debit card rather than
               | a credit card.
               | 
               | In Mar 2017, Supreme Court went further and said state
               | laws banning credit card surcharges were a violation of
               | merchants' first amendment rights:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressions_Hair_Design_v._
               | Sch...
               | 
               | What you may be thinking about is rules prohibiting
               | charging different payment card network prices for
               | various credit cards (i.e. different price for Visa vs
               | Amex vs Mastercard vs Discover). This was deemed
               | allowable by the Supreme Court in Jun 2018:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio_v._American_Express_Co
               | .
               | 
               | As an aside, this Ohio v AmEx ruling was of great benefit
               | to tech companies that operated market places, because
               | 
               | > This decision was considered to have created a new type
               | of rule that could make it difficult to seek antitrust
               | litigation; with credit cards being a two-sided market
               | serving two distinct sets of customers, a successful
               | antitrust argument would have to show how both sides of
               | the market were harmed.
        
           | thunderbong wrote:
           | That was very inspiring. In my opinion, ageism is currently a
           | passing fad. The tech world is currently going through a big
           | churn in terms of what is 'new'. There will be a few
           | frameworks / technologies which will stabilize which will
           | rely on the "engineering" aspects of software which has been
           | evolving over so many decades. Those people who've understood
           | the fundamentals intimately are the ones who are valuable.
           | Now and always.
        
             | jimnotgym wrote:
             | I hope it is a passing fad. I dabble in tech and
             | accountancy, and accountancy is completely different. I can
             | tell you that being older gets you better jobs with higher
             | pay, where younger people have to work long hours to break
             | out.
        
             | avereveard wrote:
             | > In my opinion, ageism is currently a passing fad.
             | 
             | ageism (in our field) is not about age, ageism is about
             | having a family with all that entails - an higher asked
             | wage, stable working conditions, stick to the contracted
             | hours
             | 
             | no amount of engineering skill gap can cover for that
        
             | ricardobayes wrote:
             | Age should be irrelevant, however it has some cultural
             | aspect to it too. At my previous work we wrote software for
             | self-driving cars and worked with super young people who
             | sometimes didn't even graduate college. We had serious
             | issues selling to Asian customers who would not take us
             | seriously just because of the average age of the devs being
             | low. (P.s. we had multiple respectable big-name car
             | companies as clients already, was not early stage startup
             | or so)
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | I worked for a fairly "classic" Japanese corporation.
               | 
               | One of the things about their HR policy (I'm not sure if
               | it was written, but it may have been), is that certain
               | levels of seniority required that you be a certain age.
               | No matter how much of a hot shot you were, you weren't
               | going to get your own team until your thirty-fifth
               | birthday.
        
             | anticristi wrote:
             | Me and a friend of mine keep being surprised how often
             | people seem to miss fundamentals. Sure, they might know the
             | latest incarnation of the parallel for loop in Rust. But
             | ask them about communication overhead -- a basic concepts
             | in parallel computing -- and they're blank.
             | 
             | Similarly, people are happy to see that networking in
             | Kubernetes "just works". Once you ask them to run it on a
             | provider without a Kubernetes-native load-balancer, say
             | just use some BGP anycast magic, they are lost.
        
             | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
             | I don't think today's ageism is the same as previous
             | generations. Young folks have been railing against their
             | parents for all of human history, but we have,
             | nevertheless, always been able to come together, and form
             | an amalgam of experience and enthusiasm. I suspect that
             | older people, having the money and power, while younger
             | folks have had the drive and creativity, have forced the
             | generations to cooperate.
             | 
             | These days, you have billionaires in their twenties. They
             | don't need anything from older folks, so there are no
             | constraints on them.
             | 
             | Also, and I won't go into the reasons, there's now a lot of
             | actual _hatred_ between the generations. This time, it's
             | _personal_. I feel that.
             | 
             | In my job search, I was struck by the fact that the people
             | interacting with me seemed to have a need to dominate and
             | humiliate me. It wasn't just a negotiation tactic. They
             | _hated_ me, and I had no idea why.
        
           | mmaunder wrote:
           | The desire and pressure to consume conspicuously is something
           | embedded in US culture, much like smoking was. Make it rain.
           | Just don't tell me what my APR is in the morning.
           | 
           | The amount of discipline required to save and defer
           | gratification is enormous, and it is a continuous effort,
           | particularly in this country. You are one of the few. One of
           | the brave. Congratulations!
        
         | Cort3z wrote:
         | Not to mention "credit rating" which is capitalism's answer to
         | the communist "social rating". Don't get me wrong, I much
         | prefer capitalism, but it has some really dark sides.
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | There's a reason many religions have a lot to say about usury.
         | Abrahamic religions have debt jubilees in their religious texts
         | during which slaves were freed and debts were forgiven[1].
         | 
         | [1] https://theconversation.com/the-debt-jubilee-an-old-
         | testamen...
        
         | bennysomething wrote:
         | You are free not to get into consumer debt. Maybe educating
         | kids to stay the hell away from consumer debt would be a good
         | idea.
         | 
         | Not all debt is bad. It allows businesses to function and to go
         | grow. We can see the effects of trying to have debt free
         | societies in Islamic countries, it stunts economic growth.
         | 
         | Student debt in America is another thing, not allowing
         | bankruptcy in this situation is horrendous.
        
           | streamofdigits wrote:
           | Any argument starting with "you are free not to..."
           | invariably misses the point. Yes, freedom and individual
           | responsibility _are_ important. No, you cannot build a sane
           | society exclusively on those.
           | 
           | People don't have infinite time and knowledge to identify all
           | the things, behaviors, products, services that "they are free
           | not to choose". They can't read all the legalistic fine print
           | designed by professionals to deceive and obfuscate while
           | keeping them unaccountable.
           | 
           | This is particularly problematic as the "freedom principle"
           | gets applied differentially in sectoral silos: When you go to
           | the supermarket, you don't have to choose what will not kill
           | you. Ditto when you select a car, a medical procedure or
           | drug. Why should the financial sector (or the tech sector for
           | that matter, as the two increasingly merge) be any different?
           | 
           | When people are increasingly data mined, algorithmically and
           | behaviorally goaded to overconsumption patterns, instant
           | gratification, addiction etc. the argument that they "are
           | free to choose" is more than hollow. Until the US (and
           | imitators) address this moral rot at the core of its
           | socioeconomic system it will be rolling from crisis to
           | crisis. This will only open the door for worse alternatives.
           | 
           | Individual responsibility should only be invoked when the
           | individuals concerned have all the required information and
           | ability _and_ can be reasonably expected to excercise that
           | agency given their context across the _entire_ spectrum of
           | economic interactions.
        
         | baby wrote:
         | You should edit your message to include health issues and the
         | lack of good healthcare. That'll make you homeless too.
        
         | xwolfi wrote:
         | I'm an immigrant from France in Hong Kong, another predatory
         | capitalist jurisdiction, and even here it's still bounded by
         | some logic. Payday loans are really frowned upon, I think
         | there's something in Chinese societies, just like the French
         | one I come from, that prevent people to fully enslave
         | themselves in silly debt on the same massive scale as the US.
         | And kids can trade somewhat here, at least every child has a
         | stock account managed by his parents, the national sport being
         | speculative trading here, so we ARE the jungle too. We're
         | discussing a bankrupcy low, which I think would put the final
         | nail in the predatory coffin - in the last few years I've seen
         | the bank evolve from full-on anti-client predators to finally
         | proposing Debit cards !!!
         | 
         | But nobody in France, or in Hong Kong, would take a 30-year
         | student loan. It seems nearly possible in the U.S., at the
         | start of your life. How can they do that to each other, ofc
         | kids are stupid and think college is about "the college
         | experience" that the loan makers pushed via financing movies
         | about it and won't choose the local one with good enough
         | teachers that cost nothing and move on.
         | 
         | I think they should really close the ivy league schools, opt
         | out of Shanghai ranking, forbid foreigners - just like France
         | does involuntarily (no top school, Shanghai snubs us,
         | foreigners don't care about education in the French language)
         | which ends up with cheap colleges for local kids with good
         | enough teachers. But admittedly poorer research funding, but I
         | never understood why we need to learn corporate finance or java
         | enterprise deployment or heart surgery from researchers writing
         | theoretical papers ONLY.
        
         | dirk_novitzki wrote:
         | Now ask yourself if it is okay that so much of the discussion
         | of the tech world goes on a YC property.
        
           | largbae wrote:
           | It seems like this particular negative discussion is being
           | allowed through. Are you saying HN is censored in YC's favor?
        
             | codeddesign wrote:
             | I wouldn't say that, but the mods do certainly pick and
             | choose - similar to Twitter.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | I've seen the mods take a pretty hands-off stance when YC
               | (or its companies) are being criticized. I think it's a
               | stated policy and I've generally felt they live by it.
               | (If they didn't, I suppose I couldn't necessarily tell
               | for sure, but based on what I see them "let stand", I
               | think they do.) They're human and imperfect, but they
               | don't seem to do much "home cooking" from what I can
               | tell.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27438258
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27400556
        
               | abernard1 wrote:
               | If I get banned/downvoted for this, so be it. But I
               | cannot image a more naive or less aware position.
               | 
               | This site is incredibly censored. Their mod system is
               | very gamed with people who know how to build up credit
               | and downvote en masse.
               | 
               | Whether or not the founders support this behavior, it
               | exists. There is a nasty, nasty f-in power culture that
               | censors people along a political power axis these days.
               | You cannot understand YC/HN without understanding this
               | puritanical (left-wing) culture that has burrowed its way
               | into VC backed companies.
        
               | themitigating wrote:
               | And yet here is your comment for all the world to see.
        
               | abernard1 wrote:
               | And here is my comment, downvoted to 0 and hidden to
               | grey, and people who dislike me and go to my thread and
               | downvote all my past posts by 1.
               | 
               | Ignore me, dismiss me, whatever. But the censorious
               | culture of the Bay Area is the very opposite of the
               | (pretty neat and good) hippy dippy free culture of the
               | 60s. It's the reason people are leaving, because their
               | free-wheeling ideas are encouraged elsewhere.
        
               | cmrdporcupine wrote:
               | Myself... I'm actually going to go up-vote you, just so
               | people can for sure absolutely see your bitter ad-hominem
               | attack.
               | 
               | You clearly don't know what "left-wing" means if you
               | think that a bunch of upper middle class highly
               | compensated engineers are that... Actual "left-wing"
               | comments on HN are generally downvoted quite intensely.
               | 
               | EDIT: I just want to add how ... odd... it is to slap a
               | "left wing" accusation about YC-backed companies as we
               | sit here on a thread talking about a YC-backed company
               | that was basically a loan-shark pay-day lender. WTF?
               | That's left-wing? Ok then.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | That payday lender was founded with a left-wing banner of
               | disrupting the status quo of lending. YC wouldn't have
               | funded someone if they were just like, "yeah, we want to
               | start a payday lender."
        
               | cmrdporcupine wrote:
               | Yeah that for sure sounds _just_ like seizing the means
               | of production and workers of the world unite.
        
           | duped wrote:
           | HN is a microcosm, very little of the discussion of the "tech
           | world" is happening here.
           | 
           | There is a lot of open disdain for it outside of the SFBA
           | startup bubble.
        
         | orangepurple wrote:
         | > Along with bullshit like making options trading available to
         | kids
         | 
         | Have you tried to open an options trading account? There are
         | usually multiple levels of authorization and LOTS of
         | e-paperwork to fill out explaining your age, financial
         | situation, and financial education.
        
           | mmaunder wrote:
           | Have you any idea what options are intended for? Yes I've
           | opened an account and it's a series of checkboxes. There's no
           | "LOTS of e-paperwork". You clearly have not opened an
           | account, or you're being disingenuous. It's literally you
           | promising that you're an experienced trader and done.
           | 
           | Think Alex Kearns, the 20 year old RobinHood trader who was
           | trading options, and said in his suicide note that he didn't
           | know what he was doing, was fully vetted?
           | 
           | Options are unbelievably complex. 99.9% of traders don't even
           | know what Black Scholes is and can't read financials. They're
           | exotic instruments used as a hedging strategy against black
           | swan events as part of a much larger portfolio, and the
           | hedging strategy is designed to lose continuously for a
           | decade if needed.
           | 
           | It's become a casino that lets kids make cheap short term
           | bets against a stock making big moves, for a price far lower
           | than the underlying asset.
           | 
           | But the trouble with options is this: With stock you're
           | betting on one thing: Stock goes up. That's it. With options
           | you have to predict direction, timing, magnitude, and a wrong
           | bet is guaranteed to lose 100% of your investment immediately
           | on expiry. No riding it out.
           | 
           | We've had a huge bull market. When the market turns, and it
           | always does, and the suicides start, and the stories of
           | ruined families emerge, then the post-mortem will begin and
           | we'll all heal together and, in time, we'll forget about the
           | victims, as we always do. But their lives will remain in
           | ruin. And the predatory cycle will repeat. As it always has.
        
             | pishpash wrote:
             | Heard a human-interest story on local radio praising the
             | pandemic child tax credit. Most said they paid their
             | mortgage, bought food, etc., but one said they spent it on
             | stocks and cryptocurrency. Yeah that's not going to end
             | well.
        
               | hindsightbias wrote:
               | There are subreddits and yt channels dedicated to people
               | buying Glocks and ARs with their Biden bailout money.
               | 
               | That said, when do 20 year olds have agency but should
               | still be infantalized? I'm good with shades of gray, but
               | the HNaleriat seems filled with absolutists.
        
             | vageli wrote:
             | So where do you draw the line? Is there no sense of
             | personal accountability? If someone screams doctor in a
             | restaurant, I don't hold myself out as one. It's hard to
             | feel sorry for people signing their names to attestations
             | they know to be false.
             | 
             | Not to mention that in the current climate, limiting access
             | to these markets would be interpreted as some conspiracy by
             | the elite hedge funds or something. Look at how many call
             | to remove qualifications to be come qualified investors.
        
               | folli wrote:
               | The problem is that you're only seeing half of the
               | picture. On the one hand you ask for personal
               | accountability (where I totally agree with you), but you
               | don't expect any accountability from the company that
               | makes the profit (in this case Robin Hood).
               | 
               | Robin Hood grants access to option trading to just about
               | anyone and if the client fails and rides himself into
               | deep sh*t, they just throw up their hands and claim
               | "personal accountability", in the end meaning that the
               | social system in some way has to bail out the person so
               | that Robin Hood doesn't suffer any significant losses.
               | 
               | That doesn't seem fair.
        
               | frockington1 wrote:
               | Too be fair the person has to check a box saying they are
               | knowledgeable about investment product. If they lie and
               | then screw themselves over who cares, let them learn a
               | lesson
        
         | brightball wrote:
         | I helped a kid at my church get out of his title loan. I knew
         | it was bad but when I saw the actual amount I wanted to hit
         | something.
         | 
         | 212%!!!!
         | 
         | Vultures.
        
         | jarek83 wrote:
         | I visited US once and been reading a lot about the country, I
         | also have a friend living there and some family. I live in a
         | half-developed European country. We have a free higher level
         | education, free healthcare if you work or someone in your
         | family works, some very financial regulations and very strict
         | hygiene regulations (for restaurants etc.). Guns not allowed to
         | broad public.
         | 
         | Visiting The States, gave me an impression that the country
         | does not really like their residents. If you trip once in your
         | life path, you have quite big chance that it's all done for
         | you, and in one of the best scenarios you will end up with huge
         | loans. Many people prefer not to go to a doctor, or not to go
         | to study, people are not guaranteed any paid holidays etc. How
         | this is making anyone confident? How an uncertain public can be
         | productive?
         | 
         | Plus super expensive plasterboard houses everywhere (however
         | that's not unique for the US), guns to anyone and quite dirty
         | (compared to what I'm used to see) food places. I really didn't
         | like what I saw and I became more glad that I live in my
         | country. Of course there no only bad things that I noticed, I
         | do like the military effort that protects the status-quo (I
         | wouldn't risk going to army in my country), or ease of opening
         | a business etc. but overall balance for me was not in favour
         | for the US.
        
         | luckydata wrote:
         | the credit score is pretty much an enforcement system to ensure
         | you're constantly in debt and most people I speak to think it's
         | a good thing it exists. Americans have been thoroughly
         | brainwashed and can't really think clearly about how screwed up
         | their society is.
         | 
         | note: I'm also an immigrant, now citizen. I get the right to
         | complain cause I pay taxes.
        
           | xwdv wrote:
           | What exactly is the alternative to a credit score? Just
           | taking peoples word they'll pay you back? No thanks.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | > the credit score is pretty much an enforcement system to
           | ensure you're constantly in debt
           | 
           | No debt here and my credit score is great. You don't have to
           | be in debt to have a good credit score.
        
             | iskander wrote:
             | My wife tried to buy a new car with an extremely high
             | credit score. They wouldn't give her the auto loan because
             | of insufficient credit history, which acts as a second
             | undisclosed factor in loan approval. I had to co-sign with
             | my worse (~700) credit score because I had a history with
             | student loans, credit card consolidation loans, &c
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | Yes, that's how credit history works. You can't expect to
               | get a $30,000 loan at a reasonable interest rate without
               | having at least some history of repaying smaller credit
               | lines first.
               | 
               | But you don't need to go into debt to have a credit
               | history. Anyone with a credit card who pays it off
               | monthly is building a strong credit history despite never
               | paying any interest.
               | 
               | It's standard practice to use credit cards for this
               | reason. Credit cards also have a lot of buyer protections
               | that debit cards and checks generally don't.
        
               | iskander wrote:
               | You said: "No debt here and my credit score is great. You
               | don't have to be in debt to have a good credit score."
               | 
               | Technically that's true but it leaves out the very major
               | caveat that your credit score is not usable without
               | accompanying credit history. What is credit history?
               | Debt. It seems like you think it's OK for the system to
               | force people to go into debt every month as long as they
               | pay it off. What happens when one month they can't? They
               | are then blamed for moral failing when probably they
               | would have preferred to never use debt for regular
               | payment in the first place.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | Being in debt for 30 days without paying any interest is
               | still being in debt.
               | 
               | If I owe someone $100 then I have a debt of $100, even if
               | I've also got $100,000 in my bank account.
        
               | gammarator wrote:
               | Not if you have cash already in hand to pay off the debt.
               | 
               | (Then you can siphon back a fraction of the card
               | interchange fees already baked into the price of goods
               | sold via rewards/cash back. Just another regressive
               | aspect of our financial system.)
        
               | function_seven wrote:
               | Not in the sense we're discussing here. Pedantically,
               | yes. Practically-speaking, no. If you pay your monthly
               | statement in full each month, you're no worse off than
               | paying cash for those same things.
               | 
               | Or look at it this way, are you in debt to your electric
               | company, cell phone provider, or water utility? You use
               | those services but don't pay for them until a month or
               | more later. Technically you are, but I doubt you'd feel
               | the need to prepay for those services just to make sure
               | you have no debt.
               | 
               | In this context of this thread, someone made the claim
               | that credit scores are "an enforcement system to ensure
               | you're constantly in debt." That's an overly-cynical look
               | at it. I see them as a simple risk indicator.
               | 
               | A lot of people have this mistaken beleif that paying
               | more interest on loans will "buy" a higher score. It's
               | just not true.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Yeah, there is actually plenty of reason to criticize
               | credit scores (do we really think it's good that if you
               | struggle to pay off some debt you should also start
               | getting shut out of job opportunities or housing?), but
               | that's not a real issue with them.
        
               | emerongi wrote:
               | In Europe I got approved for up to a 180k mortgage at
               | 1.9% with no history (as is common here). Same goes for
               | auto loans and leases. Nobody asks you to build and pay
               | debt on a credit card.
        
               | frockington1 wrote:
               | Considering bonds are negative you're getting absolutely
               | fleeced by the banks there
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | > In Europe I got approved for up to a 180k mortgage
               | 
               | Mortgages are different because your house isn't going
               | anywhere. The bank can come get it if you stop paying.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | > Same goes for auto loans and leases. Nobody asks you to
               | build and pay debt on a credit card.
               | 
               | See, over here, banks treat it as a good thing that you
               | never had debt on your name. Throw in a stable and
               | reasonably high income and you can get loans basically on
               | a whim. Because why wouldn't you, being as low risk as a
               | person as you can be.
               | 
               | EDIT: Now that I remember. We have _very_ fucked up quirk
               | in the way credit scores are calculated in Germany.
               | _Asking_ for a credit has an impact on it already,
               | because it is assumed that you _need_ money which makes
               | you a risky person because you obviously don 't _have_
               | enough of it. With the very  "funny" side effect that
               | shopping around for a mortgage can have a negative impact
               | on the interest rate you can get, up to the point that it
               | can be difficult to get one at all. The trick is to go
               | through a broker that is not sharing his clients, your,
               | name with lenders.
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | Funny (Matt Levine) piece about credit building:
               | 
               | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-12-16/the
               | -se...
               | 
               | Credit building
               | 
               | This one is not a new SEC proposal, this one is just fun.
               | 
               | If you are a young person with no credit history, or a
               | person with bad credit history, you will want to "build
               | your credit." This consists basically of creating a long
               | record of reliably repaying your debts, so that credit
               | reporting bureaus think you are a good credit, so that
               | banks will happily lend you money, so that you can buy
               | stuff on credit cards and get leases and mortgages and
               | car loans. If you have no or bad credit this is hard,
               | though, since no one will advance you any credit, so you
               | won't have any debts to pay, so you won't build credit.
               | 
               | There are canonical approaches. Banks will give you
               | credit cards with low credit limits so you can start
               | small and build from there. Or they will give you secured
               | credit cards: You put $1,000 in a bank account, you get a
               | linked credit card with a $1,000 limit, the credit
               | advanced to you is secured by the money in your account,
               | the bank takes no credit risk but reports repayments to
               | the credit bureaus, etc.
               | 
               | What if there was a simpler way? Yesterday reader Sark
               | Asadourian sent me a link to a Credit Building product
               | from Canadian fintech Koho, and I haven't stopped
               | laughing about it since. Here is the "How it works"
               | section of the website:
               | 
               | 1 Start by subscribing to Credit Building for $7/month
               | in-app
               | 
               | 2 Sit back. We'll report your progress to a major credit
               | bureau and help you grow your credit score in just 6
               | months -- without having to lift a finger
               | 
               | 3 Ensure there's $7 in your Spendable account each month
               | to cover the subscription fee. That's it!
               | 
               | They will demonstrate to a credit bureau that you pay
               | your bills, by sending you a $7 bill each month, which
               | you will pay. What is the bill for? For demonstrating
               | that you pay your bills. They'll charge you $7 a month
               | for charging you $7 a month. What you get for the $7 is a
               | record that you paid $7. Which could conceivably be worth
               | $7 to you! Possibly this is good for the customers! I
               | cannot stop laughing. This is maybe the best financial
               | product I have ever seen.[13] "For the low cost of $7 a
               | month, you can pay us $7 a month." Everything else is so
               | dull and overelaborated. Imagine being the person who
               | came up with this. Imagine the bright wild gleam in your
               | eye, coming in to work that day to tell your colleagues.
               | 
               | Also though imagine messing this up. You're a young
               | person, money is tight, you sign up for Credit Building,
               | you pay them $7 a month for a few months but then life
               | gets complicated, your account balance gets below $7 and
               | you miss a payment. Do they report that to a credit
               | bureau? Does it hurt your credit? Oh you'd better believe
               | it:
               | 
               | Just as making your payments on time will positively
               | impact your credit score, the inverse is true. Not making
               | your payments on time will hurt your credit score.
               | 
               | To keep it simple: We advise you to let KOHO do all the
               | work after you register. Just ensure there is $7 in your
               | Spendable balance for the subscription fee each month and
               | you won't miss a payment!
               | 
               | Seems harsh!
               | 
               | [13] Exercise for the reader: What do you think are the
               | margins on this product? My guess is "surprisingly low,
               | depending on how you count."
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | When "services" like this become somewhat reasonable
               | business ideas, you _know_ a system is fucked up.
        
           | ErikVandeWater wrote:
           | I would say the cultural issue is more that the employer
           | doesn't pay you immediately for your work. I understand there
           | are regulatory reasons behind this, but still, this is what
           | creates the dependency on credit.
           | 
           | There's nothing wrong with a credit card company giving out
           | free 30 day loans with reasonable interest if they are not
           | repaid on time.
        
             | bobthepanda wrote:
             | when you say pay immediately, do people really get paid end
             | of day in other countries?
        
               | j16sdiz wrote:
               | Most of the countries do that Monthly or Weekly , afaik
        
               | Dma54rhs wrote:
               | What is it that Americans do in that case?
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | Monthly or biweekly seems to be the most common.
        
             | emodendroket wrote:
             | If you're in a position where you find yourself needing
             | payday loans, I think that shifting around the pay schedule
             | is not going to help; you just have too little buffer for
             | your expenses.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | > It can be a lot of fun but it's very easy to do worse than
         | die - to end up a slave for the rest of your life to one of the
         | predators.
         | 
         | The US has relatively generous bankruptcy laws. Many people go
         | through bankruptcy and rebuild their credit over several years.
         | 
         | It's not true that you're a "slave for the rest of your life".
         | Student loans (which are much lower interest rate and nothing
         | like these loans) can't be discharged in bankruptcy but even
         | those are open to modification or discharge in the event of
         | hardship.
         | 
         | > I'm seeing posts here making it sound like 36% APR is
         | acceptable.
         | 
         | These are exactly the type of loans dischargeable in
         | bankruptcy. The people requesting these loans had almost
         | certainly been denied lower interest rate loans because they
         | were likely to go bankrupt.
         | 
         | The alternative isn't that these people get lower interest
         | rates. The alternative is that they don't get approved for any
         | loans at all. Frankly I think that's the best option for most
         | of them, but that's not really my choice to make. It's theirs.
         | 
         | > It's incredible how folks, particularly in the US, have
         | become this morally uncalibrated.
         | 
         | The US gives people a lot of freedom to make their own choices.
         | Still, we _do_ have a lot of protections, but even those are
         | delegated to individual states. In fact, many states _do_ have
         | laws that limit interest rates to as low as 4-5% (bank
         | installment loans). That doesn 't mean people in those states
         | are all entitled to cheap loans, but it does mean that anyone
         | with poor credit can't willingly enter into high-APR loans even
         | if they need a short float until their next payday.
        
           | EdwardDiego wrote:
           | On US laws, is it only some states where you can walk away
           | from a foreclosed home, taking a loss on the asset, but not
           | being forced to repay the mortgage remaining after the bank
           | sells the house?
           | 
           | Because I've always thought that was a very generous law
           | indeed.
        
           | ahallock wrote:
           | My friend has gone through bankruptcy twice. It was a breeze
           | both times. Paid a court fee and had to go through a simple
           | online course. I wish there weren't such a stigma because
           | companies do this all the time.
        
             | codeddesign wrote:
             | Are you referring to company bankruptcy or personal?
             | Company is easy, personal is extreme.
        
               | ahallock wrote:
               | Personal. What's extreme? My friend (or me if you think
               | I'm doing that joke) is rebuilding their credit now. They
               | discharged a bunch of medical and credit card debt.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Absolutely. You'll be issued credit right away (at higher
               | rates), since you can't go BK again for a number of years
               | [1] and you're eligible for an FHA mortgage 1-2 years
               | after filing BK. It's not great, but it's not a financial
               | death sentence either. It's arguably one of the reasons
               | for financial dynamism in the US, where failure is less
               | risky (compared to other OECD countries without such debt
               | forgiveness mechanisms).
               | 
               | [1] https://upsolve.org/learn/how-often-can-you-file-
               | bankruptcy/ (Control-F "Time Limits")
        
             | heavyset_go wrote:
             | Depends on if you can afford bankruptcy. I have a friend
             | from high school who went through bankruptcy for medical
             | debt. All it took was their landlord not renewing their
             | lease for them to be homeless afterwards, because no one
             | else would rent to them with a recent bankruptcy on their
             | credit report. They don't make enough money for that
             | bankruptcy to not have ruined their life.
        
               | the_only_law wrote:
               | Yeah this is my concern with every having to file
               | bankruptcy. I can live without credit, loans, etc. I
               | cannot live without a place to live.
        
               | ahallock wrote:
               | That's a good point. You definitely need family or a
               | significant other to provide a safety net while you
               | rebuild.
        
           | parkingrift wrote:
           | > Student loans (which are much lower interest rate and
           | nothing like these loans) can't be discharged in bankruptcy
           | but even those are open to modification or discharge in the
           | event of hardship.
           | 
           | This is a common misconception. Student loans are commonly
           | discharged in bankruptcy. Enough people believe this that
           | they don't even try. The only additional rule for student
           | loans is "undue hardship" which is not difficult to prove or
           | argue for in bankruptcy.
           | 
           | https://www.npr.org/2020/01/22/797330613/myth-busted-
           | turns-o...
        
           | justapassenger wrote:
           | > The US has relatively generous bankruptcy laws. Many people
           | go through bankruptcy and rebuild their credit over several
           | years.
           | 
           | It's like saying that you don't need seatbelts in the car,
           | because you have good medical insurance.
           | 
           | USA obsession with credit is the root cause of the issue, and
           | relatively generous bankruptcy laws are a smoke gun to keep
           | the show going and make people comfortable with a system
           | rigged against them.
           | 
           | Credit makes a lot of money for a lot of companies, and risk
           | of customers bankruptcy is just a cost of business for them,
           | designed carefully to ensure they still end up making money.
        
           | ljm wrote:
           | > The US has relatively generous bankruptcy laws. Many people
           | go through bankruptcy and rebuild their credit over several
           | years.
           | 
           | Are you happy to say this with a straight face?
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Yes, of course!
             | 
             | Honestly, what would you prefer? That people are forced to
             | repay loans they can't afford? Or that nobody is allowed to
             | take out a loan unless they have enough capital in the bank
             | to repay the loan anyway (e.g. loans are only for rich
             | people)?
        
               | ljm wrote:
               | You probably shouldn't be given credit if you can't
               | afford to repay it or it seems like you'd struggle to
               | repay it.
        
               | hluska wrote:
               | People qualify for credit when times are good and they
               | can afford to pay it back. Then something bad happens and
               | they can't. Banks are usually in the business of getting
               | paid back. Often when they're not, it's because of a
               | regulatory failure.
        
               | squeaky-clean wrote:
               | Banks aren't in the business of getting paid back,
               | they're in the business of getting paid back more than
               | they gave you. The ideal customer are irresponsible
               | enough to accumulate interest, but not so irresponsible
               | that they completely default.
        
               | rdtwo wrote:
               | Banks don't hold the products they securitize. This isn't
               | the olden days most products at large banks get bundled
               | and sold off
        
               | hluska wrote:
               | So regulatory failure?
        
               | dataflow wrote:
               | This logic works when people can live decent lives
               | without loans. It breaks down when that ceases to be the
               | case.
        
               | pishpash wrote:
               | Then that's the problem. Unsustainable loans distort the
               | clearing prices for goods and services. College tuition
               | is a great example.
        
               | dataflow wrote:
               | Sure, that's the problem. The question is how do you
               | solve it. Ideally you implement a different solution
               | before removing the existing workaround.
        
               | pishpash wrote:
               | If there is an existing workaround no one will look for a
               | different solution.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | On this theory, they shut down mental health
               | institutions. Now what happens is mostly that jails serve
               | as ill-suited, ad-hoc mental health institutions. Turns
               | out making things worse without having a plan doesn't
               | always have salutary results.
        
               | dataflow wrote:
               | I don't think that's true. And I don't think wrecking
               | some people's lives just as an incentive for others to
               | look for solutions is easy to justify.
        
               | obstacle1 wrote:
               | Pretty much every first-world country other than the USA
               | has at least partially solved it. Social safety nets,
               | regulation of utilities/public goods (education for
               | example), and a guaranteed standard of living.
        
               | coliveira wrote:
               | But then, how predatory bankers will survive? Some
               | country needs to protect them...
        
               | tiahura wrote:
               | "loans distort the clearing prices for ...College
               | tuition"
               | 
               | Does it though? I thought the same thing until I started
               | paying tuition for my kids private elementary schools.
               | It's almost as much as college and no loans around to
               | distort prices.
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | Bad example. There's a free option in the market, so the
               | paid option is for rich people only.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Daycare might be a more compelling one.
        
               | pyrophane wrote:
               | > "and no loans around to distort prices."
               | 
               | As a result, private school remains kind of a luxury
               | product for people who don't like the free public
               | offering and can afford to pay to send their kids
               | somewhere else.
               | 
               | I can only imagine that if we extended some version of
               | our school loan program to primary/secondary education we
               | would have a lot of highly indebted parents or, god
               | forbid, children, and an explosion of private schools.
               | 
               | Ultimately, it would also drive prices up. The high end
               | would need to be more exclusive (expensive) and everyone
               | else would compete on perceived quality more than price.
        
               | rdtwo wrote:
               | Yeah I think that is exactly what would happen. Private
               | school is like 3x more expensive than college probably 5x
               | when you adjust for time value of money
        
               | ashtonkem wrote:
               | If you can't live a "decent" life without loans, loans
               | will almost certainly make the situation worse.
        
               | ljm wrote:
               | There are surely some fundamental problems in a society
               | if an average person can't enjoy a decent life without
               | being in debt.
               | 
               | Just pay off the money and then you're out, right?
        
               | dataflow wrote:
               | I think people are aware of that. The hard part is the
               | question of how to solve it.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | Sounds like you're arguing against the non-wealthy owning
               | homes, which is pretty shitty.
        
             | coliveira wrote:
             | That's why the US elites are adamant about not giving any
             | social benefits to its population: they want the largest
             | number of people depending on loans to survive, and working
             | hard to make banks rich! People who depend on loans are
             | forced to work hard, both for the benefit of their
             | employers and the banks. It is like a cassino, where the
             | banks have the house edge: banks will end up making more in
             | interest over the lifetime of the loans (and the people).
        
           | codeddesign wrote:
           | While not a slave, for many bankruptcy will ruin any chance
           | of the ownership of assets for 7-10 years. While not slavery,
           | bankruptcy will put you into the peasant category. Tobacco
           | advertising is essentially banned, since it has long term
           | affects. Credit should be no different. If used wisely it can
           | be a good thing, but at the same time it's marketed to the
           | easiest and most vulnerable. Credit advertising itself should
           | be banned with tax incentives given to companies that require
           | everyone to go through a financial course.
           | 
           | In my personal opinion a free financial course should be
           | required before you first get your SSN and then no higher
           | than a $500 credit limit for 6 months after.
        
             | wombatpm wrote:
             | >In my personal opinion a free financial course should be
             | required before you first get your SSN and then no higher
             | than a $500 credit limit for 6 months after.
             | 
             | While I appreciate the sentiment, SSN is required for
             | anyone to be claimed as a dependent. My Children had theirs
             | issued shortly after birth. I rather see something alonog a
             | required class before you can open your first credit card.
             | I got mine in college and had a $25k credit limit by the
             | time I graduated. It was very easy for classmates of mine
             | to get into serious debt.
        
             | pishpash wrote:
             | You always have human capital. Always. (Unless you're in a
             | coma or some such.)
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | > While not a slave, for many bankruptcy will ruin any
             | chance of the ownership of assets for 7-10 years.
             | 
             | People declaring bankruptcy aren't in a position to have
             | good credit scores or acquire more assets anyway. If you
             | can't service your debts, you're not going to be securing
             | more loans and buying more assets.
             | 
             | Bankruptcy is a chance to reset the debt to $0 and start
             | over. The bankruptcy even drops off your credit score
             | entirely after several years, making it a complete reset.
             | 
             | Bankruptcy is better in every way than forcing people to
             | service those debts forever.
        
               | cyberlurker wrote:
               | I have no debt, but I hold this opinion:
               | 
               | Student loan debt should be able to be discharged in
               | bankruptcy. If an institution gives someone a $200k
               | education and that person can't pay the debt back with
               | their career, it was overpriced and should have never
               | been give a loan.
               | 
               | I've seen people flee the country and live in Australia
               | or Germany so as just to escape their student loans. Bad
               | on them for making the poor financial choice but good for
               | them sticking it to the industry that gives out these
               | loans.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | If you make student loans easier to discharge, you make
               | them harder to get. That might be part of your plan, but
               | it does make it harder for the less wealthy to afford
               | college, so there's a trade-off here, not a straight
               | victory.
        
               | landemva wrote:
               | After a year or two, college costs would drop
               | dramatically. The breadth of degree programs, some of
               | which lead to careers serving coffee, would also shrink.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Harvard and Stanford admit about 1 in 20 applicants. MIT
               | around 1 in 15. I doubt you'd see those schools get
               | cheaper as the demand _far exceeds_ the supply. I think
               | you would see a lot more legacy admissions and an overall
               | wealthier student body in the top-tier colleges if poor
               | people couldn't easily borrow to attend. (As one of those
               | people 35 years ago, I think that's a _way worse_ outcome
               | than today.)
               | 
               | State schools and schools with high admission percentages
               | might get cheaper in tuition, but it's still going to be
               | expensive to live and eat for 4 years with no income
               | coming in for most of the year.
        
               | landemva wrote:
               | High school students apply to many colleges, and each
               | student rarely goes on to attend multiple colleges
               | concurrently. That ratio about applications is
               | misleading, and is generally understood to be intended to
               | be social signaling of exclusivity.
               | 
               | Why would a student not want to work part time to have a
               | little income? I found it beneficial.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | If people had to pay $200k to attend Harvard, the price
               | will absolutely collapse.
               | 
               | 1 in 20 applicants is only the top 5%. Being in the top
               | 5% income earners in the country is not a high enough bar
               | to shell out $50k a year extra post tax to pay a child's
               | tuition.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | That 20:1 is the depth of applicant pool and almost
               | entirely unconnected with the 95th percentile current
               | income of one country.
               | 
               | Harvard draws from all over the world and many US upper-
               | middle class parents/grandparents are willing to save for
               | 20 years or use HELOCs; they don't have to pay out of
               | current income. Upper class can just pay for it (there
               | are well over 1M households in the US alone with a net
               | worth over $10M; those people would barely notice putting
               | little Chris through Harvard).
               | 
               | If student loans were entirely outlawed, Harvard wouldn't
               | need to lower its prices; it would just end up not having
               | poor people attending.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | I somewhat agree, but it turns out the details are
               | extremely tricky.
               | 
               | For example, how do you prevent people from finishing
               | college, immediately declaring bankruptcy, and then
               | getting a high-paying job with their degree? Unlike a
               | house or car, the education can't be repossessed so the
               | holder retains all of the upside.
               | 
               | It would be the ultimate financial hack to get a medical
               | degree, declare bankruptcy, and then immediately start
               | practicing once the bankruptcy went through.
               | 
               | So obviously there would need to be a lot of protections
               | against abuse. Perhaps a provision that the student loan
               | could only be discharged after a protracted period (many
               | years) of too-low income.
               | 
               | Ironically, there's a huge resistance to this idea from
               | within humanities departments. They fear (rightly so)
               | that such provisions would make it harder to get loans
               | for humanities degrees because they pay significantly
               | less. I don't think that's really a bad thing, but you'll
               | find some outspoken arguments against this from people in
               | the academic world.
        
               | heartbeats wrote:
               | You can't. What you're describing is textbook indentured
               | servitude, which is a form of slavery.
               | 
               | If you're suggesting that some things are only possible
               | to fund through slavery, may I humbly submit that slavery
               | is still wrong, and things which cannot be funded except
               | through slavery have no right to existence?
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Not absolutely every form of indentured servitude is
               | wrong.
               | 
               | It is entirely possible to have fair deals where you get
               | an education in exchange for X percent of the income you
               | have over Y minimum, for Z years.
        
               | hooande wrote:
               | Currently only about 10% of student loans come from
               | private institutions. I'm not sure if I want the
               | government saying "You can't have a loan to study X
               | because you won't make enough money". I'm not sure it's
               | even possible to say that, except for using average life
               | time earnings that could vary wildly over time.
               | 
               | Teenagers applying for college usually don't have
               | personal credit histories to be evaluated. Either we give
               | out lots of student loans, or we don't.
        
               | ajross wrote:
               | > People declaring bankruptcy aren't in a position to
               | have good credit scores or acquire more assets anyway.
               | 
               | That's... kinda ridiculous. My twitter feed[1] is
               | absolutely filled with flush 20-somethings who _clearly_
               | aren 't seven years into their careers showing off their
               | NFTs and cars and condos and whatnot.
               | 
               | People right out of college with zero assets are getting
               | loans. People right out of bankruptcy can't. So it's not
               | the same.
               | 
               | [1] Seeded, it seems, from my following of a few Tesla-
               | related accounts. There's... a somewhat distressing level
               | of overlap.
        
             | nobody9999 wrote:
             | >In my personal opinion a free financial course should be
             | required before you first get your SSN and then no higher
             | than a $500 credit limit for 6 months after.
             | 
             | And when you have a lawsuit filed against you in a
             | comparative negligence[0] jurisdiction, even if you have
             | _no_ debt at all, bankruptcy may be your only choice --
             | when the lawyer 's fees will bankrupt you even if you _win_
             | the lawsuit (let alone having to pay even a small
             | percentage of a seven or eight-figure judgement).
             | 
             | What financial advice (free or otherwise) can you give to
             | someone in that situation? I _was_ in that situation and
             | faced either bankruptcy after trial (even if I won) or
             | bankruptcy _before_ trial and still lose access to
             | favorable credit terms.
             | 
             | Bankruptcy guaranteed. With no bad financial decisions or
             | lack of financial education needed.
             | 
             | If your scenario (ignorant people making bad financial
             | decision) were the only issue, I _might_ agree with you.
             | But there are a whole bunch of other scenarios that don 't
             | include bad decisions.
             | 
             | All you need is someone to sue you for some large amount of
             | money (even if there's no merit to the suit, the lawyer's
             | fees for going to trial will do the job) or incur large
             | medical bills for injuries/illnesses that have nothing to
             | do with poor choices.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/comparative_negligence
             | 
             | Edit: Added the _missing link_.
        
           | jimnotgym wrote:
           | > Student loans (which are much lower interest rate and
           | nothing like these loans) can't be discharged in bankruptcy
           | 
           | I am in the UK
           | 
           | This astounded me. Bankruptcy in the UK would wipe out
           | student loans. However it is fair to say that bankruptcy also
           | carries a stigma in the UK. It also restricts you from
           | certain professions
        
           | bko wrote:
           | > Many people go through bankruptcy and rebuild their credit
           | over several years.
           | 
           | Chapter 13 bankruptcy is deleted from your credit report
           | seven years from the filing date.
           | 
           | Chapter 7 bankruptcy is deleted 10 years from the filing
           | date.
           | 
           | This means no one can even tell you were bankrupt after 7-10
           | years, which is pretty incredible feature for borrowers.
        
             | cconstantine wrote:
             | > This means no one can even tell you were bankrupt after
             | 7-10 years, which is pretty incredible feature for
             | borrowers.
             | 
             | This is absolutely not true. The record of your bankruptcy
             | lives in the public records of the bankruptcy court
             | forever.
        
             | BobbyH wrote:
             | I work in the bankruptcy niche, and I wanted to tweak your
             | statements...
             | 
             | Chapter 13 bankruptcy is deleted from your credit report
             | seven years from the _discharge_ date, which comes 3 to 5
             | years after you file (because there 's a 3 to 5 year
             | payment plan). So if you measure from the filing date,
             | Chapter 13 takes 7 + 3-to-5 years to come off your credit
             | report, which is 10 to 12 years from the filing date.
             | 
             | Similarly, Chapter 7 bankruptcy is deleted 10 years from
             | the _discharge_ date. In a typical Chapter 7 bankruptcy,
             | the debtor receives a discharge 4 months after filing. So
             | your statement is actually quite close, but to be pedantic,
             | it 's 10.33 years from the filing date.
             | 
             | In my experience, most Chapter 7 filers can fully recover
             | after about 2 years, provided they are able to make their
             | payments on-time after the bankruptcy.
        
               | cconstantine wrote:
               | This is a lie that needs to die. Bankruptcy might get
               | removed from your credit report, but the public court
               | records never do. Anyone who does a credit check can (and
               | will) search those public records.
               | 
               | Bankruptcy stays with you forever.
        
               | throw__away7391 wrote:
               | Some friends of mine declared bankruptcy a few years
               | after the financial crisis due to their business failing.
               | They eventually lost their home, but were able to save up
               | some money by not paying their mortgage while their case
               | was in processing). They rented a place for a few years,
               | but after some time, like 2 or 3 years they were able to
               | qualify for a new mortgage with apparently a decent
               | enough rate and bought a house. They were also somehow
               | able to decide which loans to declare bankruptcy on, so
               | they kept their car loan for example.
               | 
               | I mean, I don't know that it is perfect, but I think the
               | bankruptcy laws in the US are pretty decent at least.
        
               | cconstantine wrote:
               | I'm not saying bankruptcy is bad. It's a necessary escape
               | hatch for the credit industry, and shouldn't have the
               | stigma it does. maunder is absolutely right; the consumer
               | credit industry in the US is nothing but predatory. Good
               | for you if you haven't been bit yet, but their goal is to
               | eat everyone. Whenever I see someone brag about their
               | credit score all I see is a mouse begging for the cat's
               | approval.
               | 
               | More and more you can't even opt out of consumer credit.
               | I have attempted to opt out of it by not holding any
               | credit, except I apparently need good credit to live
               | somewhere, or a credit card to rent a car or do some
               | kinds of money transfers.
               | 
               | Telling people they can file bankruptcy, "reset to 0",
               | and have another chance to redeem themselves is bullshit.
               | The only place it disappears from is your credit report,
               | and implying that covers it is a brazen lie. It really
               | doesn't. Fuck credit scores. What about the ability to
               | get a job, or not live on the street? Having a bankruptcy
               | from 30 years ago can negatively impact your ability to
               | do either of those things.
               | 
               | The credit industry is so deluded that they think your
               | credit report is all that matters, and that's how they
               | want you to think. In reality, it's all that matters to
               | them and they can't wait to get you back in the game.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | > _but their goal is to eat everyone_
               | 
               | Their goal is to make money.
               | 
               | If you go them and say "I want to make a very unfavorable
               | to myself deal, that will make you lots of money" then
               | they'll say "Yes."
               | 
               | Caveat emptor by default, with specific exclusions for
               | some worse cases, generally governs financial contracts
               | in the US.
               | 
               | In other words, you have the right to agree to whatever
               | you want to agree to. If you choose to use that power to
               | blow your foot off... well, that can happen.
        
               | hkt wrote:
               | The contrary view is that the state has at least two
               | jobs: to create an environment where you're in a position
               | to turn down bad deals, and to prevent the very worst
               | deals from being offered in the first place.
               | 
               | Really it is about whether the government's job is to
               | forcibly not govern, or to get involved.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | The former I'd agree with, the latter I'd question.
               | 
               | Because "very worst" (or even just "bad") deals is a
               | loaded term. Why? For whom? When?
               | 
               | As discussed in this topic, a high-interest rate loan is
               | a bad deal, unless it's the best option you have. Would
               | no loan be better than that loan? Maybe. Should we take
               | away someone's ability to make that decision? I'm not
               | convinced.
               | 
               | At some point, the cost of freedom is freedom to fail. So
               | it's always a balancing act between not making that
               | failure hurt too much or too easy to inadvertently
               | stumble into... and giving people autonomy.
               | 
               | You'd think engineers would understand that you can't
               | optimize for everything at once.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > no one can even tell you were bankrupt
             | 
             | For loans over a certain size (definitely anything mortgage
             | size) there is no limit on the length of the credit report
             | given to them. They may not _care_ when it 's been so long,
             | but they can see it all.
        
               | actually_a_dog wrote:
               | I'm going to say I don't believe this is true. However, I
               | don't know for sure, and I also don't know the magic
               | words to google to verify or disprove this. Can anybody
               | point me to info on the web, or some of those magic
               | words?
        
             | ajross wrote:
             | > This means no one can even tell you were bankrupt
             | 
             | Except the banks who loaned you money! There aren't that
             | many banks, and credit reports aren't their only source of
             | intelligence.
             | 
             | I'm always amazed at the number of people who recommend
             | bankruptcy as, like, an investment or risk management
             | tactic. It's a huge mess, and seven years is a long time.
        
               | rdtwo wrote:
               | Most of the time banks don't care. They just securitize
               | the product package it into a bunch of complex
               | instruments and sell them off to "investors"
        
               | alisonkisk wrote:
        
               | bko wrote:
               | > Except the banks who loaned you money! There aren't
               | that many banks, and credit reports aren't their only
               | source of intelligence.
               | 
               | I don't think they have that info. It's not like you go
               | take a walk down to your local bank and talk to a loan
               | officer that grew up with you. It's a faceless nameless
               | corporation that does very standard checks. They often
               | don't even hold the debt. Trust me, they want to give you
               | a loan and don't have their shit together enough to get
               | unofficial credit history that they're not legally
               | allowed to use.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | tedyoung wrote:
               | American Express never forgets. 20+ years after declaring
               | bankruptcy and I'm still not able to get an AmEx card,
               | because they have their own records. (I have an 820+ FICO
               | score.)
        
               | nobody9999 wrote:
               | >American Express never forgets. 20+ years after
               | declaring bankruptcy and I'm still not able to get an
               | AmEx card, because they have their own records. (I have
               | an 820+ FICO score.)
               | 
               | I can confirm this.
               | 
               | I'm 30+ years out from getting a couple thousand written
               | off by Amex and 20+ years out from bankruptcy (a single
               | "debtor" who was the plaintiff in a lawsuit against me,
               | and during which no loans or credit cards were defaulted
               | on) and American Express _still_ won 't do business with
               | me, even after being their employee (and having to pay
               | back every penny that was written off before they'd issue
               | me a corporate card) for several years.
               | 
               | I'd also note that American Express does _not_ report
               | payment histories on their charge products to the credit
               | bureaus. But they do have a _very_ long memory.
               | 
               | Edit: I'd note that I _still_ had a 700+ credit score
               | within the 10 year window after bankruptcy, and my score
               | is in the mid 800s.
        
               | nine_k wrote:
               | I suspect Visa, MasterCard, and a number of other banks
               | and credit unions would be keen to offer good loan
               | conditions to a person with a demonstrated income and
               | 800+ FICO score.
        
               | hkt wrote:
               | I'm not from the US so could you explain how credit
               | unions deal with these things? Are they more sympathetic
               | than banks or do they operate as banks-except-in-name?
        
               | ryathal wrote:
               | For average needs a credit union is a bank with another
               | name. They occasionally have better rates, because there
               | isn't a profit motive for the credit union since it's
               | member owned. If you have special needs beyond
               | checking/savings and home/car loans a credit union may
               | not be able to offer the same level of support as a bank.
               | The quality of credit unions varies wildly, especially on
               | the tech side.
        
               | conductr wrote:
               | It's all relative. Seven years of not being able to
               | utilize debt is better than 70 years payoff schedule
               | where every cent of your disposable income is going to
               | service a debt that you're unable to really put a dent in
               | and making real sacrifices along the way.
        
               | cconstantine wrote:
               | Creditors love people who have recently filled for
               | bankruptcy. They're vulnerable, known to be bad with
               | money, and can't file again for a number of years.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | alex_young wrote:
           | > Student loans (which are much lower interest rate and
           | nothing like these loans)
           | 
           | Private student loans currently can be as high as 12.99%
           | fixed: https://www.bankrate.com/loans/student-loans/current-
           | interes...
        
             | throw_nbvc1234 wrote:
             | So have a combination of the federal and state government
             | guarantee student an amount of public loans for the student
             | to attend a public in-state school. The student also
             | shouldn't be forced to take on private loans because their
             | parents refused to pay their share; that's a problem for
             | the government and parents to figure out, not for the
             | student to be punished for.
             | 
             | The estimated 2021 cost of attendance at the public school
             | i graduated from are low enough that you should still be
             | able to graduate with less then "6 figures debt" scenario
             | that's tossed around, especially if you're working a part-
             | time job throughout your education. If in-state schools are
             | too expensive for federal govt to fund, then that's the
             | state's problem to solve since that seems like a broken
             | public college system.
             | 
             | Kids should have a right to education, but if someone
             | doesn't have the money or is getting a degree without
             | prospect of sustainable financial return then they should
             | be prevented from making the bad decision of going to a
             | more expensive private university.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | In which case, the person should refinance immediately and
             | lower that rate significantly.
        
               | alex_young wrote:
               | Just out of curiosity, do you known anyone with
               | significant private student loan debt? I do, and from my
               | experience their debts are not only extremely burdensome,
               | but impossible to renegotiate.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | I've helped several people through it, yes.
               | 
               | Renegotiating isn't the same as refinancing. You can see
               | the refinance rates lower down on the page you linked
               | above. The rates are significantly lower.
               | 
               | Refinancing student loan debt is an extremely common
               | scenario. It's not an impossible edge case. It would be
               | difficult to do if the person had worked themselves into
               | a situation where they have unreasonably high debt
               | burdens (e.g. $200K+) but no career to speak of, so it's
               | not a magic bullet.
        
               | jointpdf wrote:
               | > _It would be difficult to do if the person had worked
               | themselves into a situation where they have unreasonably
               | high debt burdens (e.g. $200K+) but no career to speak
               | of, so it 's not a magic bullet._
               | 
               | There is a way: income-driven repayment plans. There are
               | several flavors, but you pay ~10% of ( _your_income_ -
               | 1.5 x _federal_poverty_wage_ ). The poverty guideline
               | depends on household size (info here:
               | https://aspe.hhs.gov/topics/poverty-economic-
               | mobility/povert...). Most loans are eligible.
               | 
               | Any balance that is left after 20 years is forgiven. It's
               | a lot harder to default on these loans, and it's the best
               | way out for people with an insurmountable amount of debt.
               | Actually, it's probably the best repayment plan for most
               | people, and there has been talk about making them the
               | default plan.
               | 
               | However, you may have to pay taxes in the forgiven
               | amount. There are some edge cases where you could pay
               | more over the life of the loan if your income increases
               | dramatically, but it's unlikely.
               | 
               | More info: https://studentaid.gov/manage-
               | loans/repayment/plans/income-d...
        
               | rdtwo wrote:
               | Forgiven can be a real problem because the balance
               | balloons and it could easily triple resulting in a huge
               | tax burden. Once forgiven it becomes income and you get
               | to pay taxes on the whole "gain"
        
               | ARandomerDude wrote:
               | When I went through it about 10 years ago, I took out an
               | unsecured personal loan for 2.5% and used the cash to
               | "pay off" my student loans. Then I just had a $500/mo
               | payment until I was done with it.
               | 
               | I was making about $35K per year but was careful to have
               | excellent credit. It can be done.
        
           | lhorie wrote:
           | One could argue that US' cultural focus on its flavor of
           | freedom is partly at fault for why GP characterizes it as
           | Jurassic Park. In the movie, the characters had ample freedom
           | to go wherever they wanted (even jumping over electric
           | fences), but at the same time, that same freedom made it easy
           | for them to run into predators. The ease with which a loose
           | predator could find a person in the movie can be likened to
           | the ease of getting into financial trouble in the US. Student
           | debt is notoriously unforgiving, both in terms of raw dollar
           | amount and bankruptcy rules, and the way the US healthcare is
           | structured means there's an unusually high rate of medical
           | bankruptcies compared to other rich countries. The US also
           | leads the charts in average credit card debt. The US also
           | doesn't have as strong social nets for unemployment and
           | parental leave among other things (and for better or worse,
           | there's an undeniable strong relationship between the
           | american notion of freedom and the comparative lack of
           | government-run social net programs).
           | 
           | To continue with the dinosaur park analogy, you could then
           | look at a country like Canada as an alternative zoological
           | park, where you must sacrifice a bit of freedom by staying
           | within designated lanes, but in return you don't run into
           | situations where medical debt beasts can bite your head off
           | in the first place.
        
             | heavyset_go wrote:
             | The flavor of freedom the US embodies is the freedom to
             | crash and burn. I'd prefer the freedom to flourish, even if
             | that means limiting the freedom to prey upon the vulnerable
             | and desperate.
        
               | actually_a_dog wrote:
               | It's a very classic "freedom to" versus "freedom from"
               | dichotomy. You and I would rather have more "freedom
               | from," even if it limits our "freedom to." The US system
               | as a whole tends to tilt the other way, however.
        
             | 3np wrote:
             | The problem with this reasoning is that in so many ways,
             | the USA is very non-free and just a cultural meme.
             | 
             | You can get thrown in jail for: holding the wrong kind of
             | plant; associating/trading with/helping a persona-non-grata
             | or a person from the "wrong" country; speaking up about
             | military misconduct; sharing a copy of music you bought
             | with friends...
             | 
             | And that's just what's imposed by by federal law. "The land
             | of the free" is a mirage and hasn't been reality for
             | decades, maybe centuries.
        
               | lhorie wrote:
               | Pointing out that you can get be thrown in jail for
               | breaking the law isn't really a good argument. The
               | alternative to rule of law is anarchy. Just because you
               | don't agree with specific laws doesn't mean freedom is a
               | lie.
               | 
               | Besides, the point wasn't about platonic freedom, but
               | instead about a specific flavor of "freedom" that exists
               | in US culture. In the dinosaur park analogy, the electric
               | fences can be likened to government safety net programs.
               | As you may be familiar with, there is a political faction
               | in the US that dislikes the idea of being "forced" to pay
               | taxes to fund programs to help the less fortunate, and a
               | lot of the issues related to various forms of crushing
               | debt stem from that ideology that a rich person should be
               | "free" to be selfish.
        
               | profile53 wrote:
               | However, when the laws greatly restrict one's ability to
               | do things, are they really free? Whether or not you agree
               | with a law, laws are nearly always aimed at restricting
               | people.
        
               | lhorie wrote:
               | Of course there are laws that exist to restrict people.
               | The rationale is the protection of the commons. You
               | wouldn't want to allow willy nilly murder and arson in
               | the name of freedom, that'd obviously be ridiculous.
               | 
               | Let's avoid the faux intellectualism of "if [cherrypicked
               | example], is the whole invalid?" Freedom isn't a black-
               | or-white matter, you can simultaneously be prohibited
               | from killing and free to speak your mind while jaywalking
               | on a quiet street. But IMHO, one ought to consider topics
               | like maslow's hierarchy of needs and human rights
               | conventions before bringing things like music piracy into
               | the topic of freedom.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | Paying higher tax rates to fund social safety nets is a
               | law that impacts freedom too.
               | 
               | The US' top federal marginal rate of 37% is pretty low.
               | 
               | In countries with more expansivo safety nets, it looks
               | like it's up around 50%.
        
               | actually_a_dog wrote:
               | Yes, and the impact on freedom is positive for those who
               | need to take advantage of social safety nets, and
               | essentially zero for those who are paying that top
               | marginal rate.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | We see numbers differently if 13% = essentially zero.
        
               | actually_a_dog wrote:
               | For anybody who's got enough income post-deductions to
               | land in the 37% bracket, they're _well_ into the 99th
               | percentile in income. Even if someone at the very bottom
               | of the 37% bracket actually had to pay 37% on all their
               | income (yes, I know that 's not how it works), they'd
               | still be in at least the 98th percentile of income. So,
               | yes, I call that essentially zero impact.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | I'd agree with you on the marginal utility of that
               | wealth, and (unrelatedly) on the moral righteousness of
               | redistributing that excess wealth.
               | 
               | But that doesn't change the fact that we're talking about
               | the government taking an asset (the 13%) from an
               | individual.
               | 
               | It's hard to bill that as a zero-impact action with
               | regards to freedom.
               | 
               | One might say "I think net freedom is increased by
               | redistributing money from the extraordinarily wealthy to
               | the broader population." But it seems illogical to say
               | "We can create more freedom by taxing the wealthy,
               | because that creates more freedom for everyone not
               | wealthy, and has no impact on the wealthy."
        
               | actually_a_dog wrote:
               | Why is that illogical? What impact do you think it would
               | have on them?
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | Is there anything they could do with +13% of their
               | income, that they wouldn't be able to do without it?
               | 
               | I'm hard pressed to come up with a justified "No" to
               | answer that question.
        
               | actually_a_dog wrote:
               | It's a tautology that if someone makes more money, they
               | will literally do _something_ with it. The question is:
               | who cares? In other words, would it be something
               | meaningful, or no? Is anybody at that income level less
               | "free" in any substantial sense because they have to pay
               | a bit more in taxes? Again, I claim that for most people
               | actually _paying_ those tax rates, the answer is no,
               | mostly because marginal propensity to consume decreases
               | with increasing income. And, at that level of income, not
               | having a few more bucks to invest just doesn 't seem
               | meaningful, either.
               | 
               | Let's hear some specifics. Name one specific thing
               | someone at this level of income might do that extra
               | income that meaningfully impacts their life. Your
               | inability or refusal to do so so far seems to support my
               | point here.
               | 
               | Here's _my_ concrete example: if we added +13% to Jeff
               | Bezos 's accounts, do you _really_ think that would
               | change his life even a tiny bit? Would it change
               | meaningfully even if we subtracted 13%? I 'm just gonna
               | say that's a no either way.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | Presumably Bezos would spend more money on space travel.
               | And Warren Buffett or Bill Gates would spend more on
               | charity. And Larry Ellison would buy another and bigger
               | yatch. Or Elon Musk would just keep it in a bank account.
               | 
               | Which one can feel on way or the other about, but it's
               | disingenuous to claim that's nothing. It's not nothing.
               | 
               | So make the full claim you want ("I support laws that tax
               | the rich and decrease their freedom, so that poorer
               | people can have a stronger social safety net and more
               | freedom."), being honest about all sides, instead of the
               | edited version ("I support laws that increase freedom for
               | everyone {because money doesn't have value to rich
               | people}.").
               | 
               | And recognize that if it's moral umbrage you're taking,
               | the same reasoning extends down the income scale. (Making
               | the assumption that you're not making minimum wage, and
               | I'm not) Presumably someone who is making minimum wage
               | would believe many of the things we do with our
               | additional income, but would not do without it, are "not
               | meaningful."
        
               | profile53 wrote:
               | I think the impact is near zero but not zero.
               | 
               | For example, it might mean someone has to work a year
               | longer before accumulating wealth and retiring. The
               | benefit far outweighs the cost, but the cost is still
               | there.
               | 
               | Taxes are inherently a restriction on what one can do
               | with their money. That said, without them we wouldn't
               | have roads, police, healthcare, social security,
               | etc...which does add freedom to many peoples lives. I
               | think another comment said it best, laws can increase
               | overall freedom in a society, but they do still restrict
               | individuals.
        
               | actually_a_dog wrote:
               | I don't understand whether you're agreeing or disagreeing
               | with me.
        
               | profile53 wrote:
               | Sorry, that was poorly explained. I'm agreeing that the
               | overall benefit to society is positive. But, I disagree
               | that the impact to the individual is essentially zero.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | 3np wrote:
               | I mean, if you change the meaning of "freedom" to only
               | mean "having to pay taxes but not for funding wellfare
               | (and being allowed to own and carry firearms, but not
               | information or drugs the government disagrees with)" then
               | the word loses its meaning.
               | 
               | With the same kind reasoning you could argue that the
               | DPRK is the freeest country in the world, for "their
               | flavor of freedom".
        
               | lhorie wrote:
               | To clarify, I'm not disagreeing with you, nor am I the
               | one changing the meaning of "freedom". I'm merely
               | relaying the ideology that is commonly associated with
               | the word nowadays in the US, in order to make an
               | association between it and the topic of why debt is
               | seemingly so prevalent in the US. If you have a better
               | word than "freedom" in air quotes to describe the
               | ideology I'm describing, by all means do share.
        
               | feanaro wrote:
               | Laws outlawing victimless crimes have a distinct and
               | inherent flavour of anti-freedom associated with them,
               | though. This is the way the US is lacking in freedom. It
               | often feels as primarily freedom of the rich to oppress
               | the poor.
        
             | chrisweekly wrote:
             | Medical debt, consumer credit card debt, and student loans,
             | are three radically different beasts, on every meaningful
             | axis.
        
             | nine_k wrote:
             | The founding fathers gave a very fair warning: "The price
             | of liberty is eternal vigilance". That is, a constant
             | expectation of a threat from the environment, even if it's
             | benign most of the time.
             | 
             | So the park's elements are here by design.
        
               | cowpig wrote:
               | 1. That is a spurious quotation[1]
               | 
               | 2. Your interpretation of its meaning is, frankly,
               | bizarre
               | 
               | [1] https://www.monticello.org/site/research-and-
               | collections/ete...
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | The idea that financial predators are by design, is
               | indeed bizarre.
               | 
               | However the idea that they are one of the kinds of threat
               | that a democracy needs to be vigilant against doesn't
               | seem bizarre in the least.
        
           | reaperducer wrote:
           | _The US has relatively generous bankruptcy laws_
           | 
           | Or we could just fix the system so that people don't need to
           | use bankruptcy in the first place.
           | 
           | The only people who benefit from the "there's always
           | bankruptcy" attitude is lawyers.
        
           | ouid wrote:
           | >Student loans (which are much lower interest rate and
           | nothing like these loans)
           | 
           | Yo, student loan rates are like 7%. It's not a payday loan,
           | but it is still essentially unfinanceable.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Federal loans are actually sitting under 4% and private
             | rates range all the way down to about 3%
             | 
             | Source: https://www.bankrate.com/loans/student-
             | loans/current-interes...
             | 
             | Of course it's always possible to go find higher rates
             | depending on the situation, but the averages are closer to
             | 3-4% than 7%.
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | There is an upper limit on the amount you can take in
               | these loans and it's depressingly low, well below the
               | tuition of many private (and some public) colleges. To
               | finance the rest you're looking at much higher rates.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > Yo, student loan rates are like 7%.
             | 
             | Yo, only parent and graduate loans are close to that, of
             | federal loans (private loans are another issue, and also
             | probably involve an unaccredited institution that doesn't
             | qualify for federal loans):
             | 
             | https://studentaid.gov/understand-
             | aid/types/loans/interest-r...
        
               | criley2 wrote:
               | Yo, just because a new student getting loans right now
               | can get 4% doesn't mean that 7% wasn't absolutely the
               | norm for many people over the past decades. Anyone in
               | their 30s has 6 or 7% or more on their loans, before ZIRP
               | took over.
               | 
               | And since raising rates is the way they're going to stop
               | inflation, like it or not, that 4% is going to end real
               | soon and kids will be back to 5-7% in the next few years.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Yo, just because a new student getting loans right now
               | can get 4% doesn't mean that 7% wasn't absolutely the
               | norm for many people over the past decades
               | 
               | Subsidized loans were at 6.80% for the first two years
               | they used fixed interest (the academic years 2006-2007
               | and 2007-2008); this is the highest they have ever been
               | under the fixed interest regime; there are three
               | additional years they were at 5% or higher.
               | 
               | Under the variable interest regime before that, they
               | spent some time at 7% or above in the 1990s, but those
               | would have fallen with general interest rates.
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | Am I the only one that thinks it's backwards that student
           | loans can't be discharged? It should be one of the only kinds
           | of loans you can discharge. Why would you as a nation want to
           | saddle your youngest most ambitious and most valuable people?
        
             | 300bps wrote:
             | Because if you allow bankruptcy to discharge them that
             | would make the interest rate 3-4x what it is today and
             | people couldn't afford it.
        
               | rdtwo wrote:
               | This is a good thing not a bad one. Colleges would have
               | to trim down prices significantly
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > Why would you as a nation want to saddle your youngest
             | most ambitious and most valuable people?
             | 
             | That's why student loans _shouldn 't exist_; if the federal
             | government is going to subsidize higher education, it
             | should be by grants, student out-of-pocket cost limits tied
             | to accepting federal research and other funding, and other
             | non-loan mechanisms, not forcing students into debt.
             | 
             | (Private student loans, OTOH, should be dischargeable the
             | same as other unsecured debt, and if lenders don't like it
             | they don't have to issue loans.)
        
             | nicoffeine wrote:
             | Because people in debt are easier to control. It's the same
             | reason we are the only nation that does not provide
             | healthcare as a right. Millions of people would quit
             | tomorrow if they were sure their kids would have access to
             | healthcare.
             | 
             | For reference, visit any nation with these rights. You will
             | find more small businesses, fewer franchised chains, and
             | happier people.
        
               | sjg007 wrote:
               | People might be happier but there are not more small
               | businesses. But I do agree that health insurance is a big
               | part of it. Less since the ACA passed though since you
               | can get health insurance at any income level now.
        
             | TigeriusKirk wrote:
             | If they're that ambitious and that valuable, they should
             | have no problem paying back the loans.
             | 
             | That's the whole thesis behind making the loans in the
             | first place.
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | They are ambitious and valuable as a class of people. Not
               | every single person succeeds financially, and not
               | everyone takes up work that makes a ton of money.
        
             | alisonkisk wrote:
        
             | landemva wrote:
             | If you look at the ramp in college costs, prices started
             | climbing immediately after Clinton signed this into law. It
             | was a gift to the bankers who get to make loans on a higher
             | priced product and the loans are difficult to not repay
             | because they typically get parents to co-sign.
        
               | sjg007 wrote:
               | I think you mean Bush. It was GW who did this.
        
               | mdorazio wrote:
               | Nope. 1998 - it was Clinton [1].
               | 
               | [1] https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/economy-
               | budget/28362...
        
             | coliveira wrote:
             | Student loans are a gold mine for banks. There is no other
             | kind of loan that cannot be discharged on bankruptcy. Think
             | about business loans: every business loan can be discharged
             | on bankruptcy by definition.
        
               | mandevil wrote:
               | The ACA (Obamcare) revamped student loans such that banks
               | no longer got government guarantees for loans they
               | originated. (The GOP unanimously opposed this "Government
               | Takeover" of the student loan system.) This has created a
               | system where the Department of Education makes the vast
               | majority of loans, and offers other companies a small fee
               | for servicing the loans, but they don't originate or
               | profit from them directly- that's all the USG.
               | 
               | Private lenders do try and cherry-pick the very best
               | borrowers out of the federal system; my wife graduated 5
               | years ago with a doctorate in Pharmacy and >100,000 in
               | debt, and she got many advertisements to refinance her
               | education loans because she was a pharmacist who was
               | paying enough to finish off her loans in 5 years- she was
               | a great bet to pay off her loans in total, so SoFi,
               | Navient and a whole bunch of their competitors wanted her
               | to refinance through them, but only the DoE was
               | interested in paying for her at the beginning of grad
               | school.
        
               | coliveira wrote:
               | But even without this guarantee, this doesn't change the
               | fact that the loan cannot be discharged during bankruptcy
               | (at least not easily). This make such loans much more
               | draconic than business loans.
        
             | hooande wrote:
             | It's because the debt is owed directly to the US Treasury,
             | just like debts to the IRS. You can't discharge any debt
             | you owe to the federal government, to my knowledge.
             | 
             | Same reason they can collect the debt using wage
             | garnishments and property liens, methods that aren't
             | available to most creditors.
             | 
             | This is only explained to some students (it was to me). But
             | no one plans on not having money in the far future,
             | regardless of what warnings they receive
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > It's because the debt is owed directly to the US
               | Treasury,
               | 
               | No, it's not; it predates direct loans existing, much
               | less being the only form of federal student loan, and
               | applies to private, non-government-guaranteed student
               | loans, as well.
               | 
               | > Same reason they can collect the debt using wage
               | garnishments and property liens, methods that aren't
               | available to most creditors.
               | 
               | Property liens and garnishment are available to most
               | creditors after securing a judgement against a debtor.
               | 
               | > This is only explained to some students (it was to me).
               | 
               | It's good that only _some_ students are subject to that
               | complete fabrication, though it would be better if none
               | were.
        
               | hooande wrote:
               | Such pedantry. The Treasury is still accountable for
               | federally backed loans. And you still can't discharge
               | them like you can other loans. Private loans were
               | included in this later, for market purposes as I
               | understand.
               | 
               | The government does not need a court judgement against a
               | debtor before garnishing wages, withholding returns, etc.
               | This is why the majority of these actions are for child
               | support and student debt, not for consumer debt.
               | 
               | The rules for student debt repayment started with the
               | premise that a different process was in use for money
               | owed to (or backed by) the federal government
        
             | Panzer04 wrote:
             | Because then they simply wouldn't exist. If they did,
             | interest rates would be stratospheric, with most of the
             | money coming from the successful borrowers subsidising
             | everyone else.
        
               | sjg007 wrote:
               | This is not true.
        
               | kiklion wrote:
               | What's the difference between a student loan that can be
               | discharged in bankruptcy and a personal loan?
               | 
               | Sure, the student loan can only go to a school but
               | neither has any collateral which makes them the most
               | similar loan products. So go get any 18 year old to try
               | to get a $20,000 personal loan without any credit and see
               | what the rates are and if lenders would even give it to
               | them.
        
               | sjg007 wrote:
               | There are plenty of alternative solutions.
        
             | mandevil wrote:
             | In the 1970's a couple of doctors declared bankruptcy while
             | they were residents (and thus getting paid peanuts) because
             | of how large their school debts were and how small their
             | income were _at that moment_. Since the law didn 't include
             | "most likely in the future you will be making a lot of
             | money" as one of the factors they then got very good cram-
             | downs of their debts and voila, soon were very wealthy
             | doctors. The handful of people who did this attracted media
             | coverage, and the Government stepped in.
             | 
             | There was an immediate patch to this, and then longer term
             | solutions as well. The basic, Econ101 level thought behind
             | this is that if you go into debt to buy a car or a house or
             | anything tangible and the debt proves too much the bank can
             | take those assets back if you declare bankruptcy.[1] But
             | how does that work for a degree or the knowledge in your
             | head? What can they take from that?
             | 
             | Another issue is fairness. If student loans paid attention
             | to how likely they were to be paid back then, as a first
             | approximation, they would only be offered to people with
             | above average income attending elite schools and poor
             | people would be cut out of college more completely than
             | they currently are- and they would pay much more attention
             | to your degree, school etc. Everyone who goes to a Ivy
             | would get loans, many people who go to regional schools
             | wouldn't, because they aren't good bets to pay off the
             | loans (people who graduate, as a first approximation, pay
             | off loans; people who drop out don't, and community
             | colleges and regional schools which focus on non-
             | traditional students who have real lives already have much
             | higher drop-out rates than Harvard- this is different in
             | practice because of Pell Grants but that's a different
             | issue). The reason that they are offered student loans is
             | because the government guarantees them, so they have lower
             | interest rates (yes its higher than a mortgage, but its
             | much lower than a credit card or payday loan, which are the
             | other unsecured loans the average person has access to),
             | ignore your school, major, etc. and are available to every
             | US citizen.
             | 
             | But if the government guarantees the loan, then isn't
             | someone who defaults on this unsecured debt ripping off the
             | American taxpayer? Easy to see how this can be gamed and
             | the student portrayed as the bad guy, because of how the
             | system works. Even those doctors at the beginning deserve a
             | better system, but Americans first instinct wasn't 'let's
             | fix this so that the doctors don't go into such debt' it
             | was "lets make sure those cheaters don't profit off of
             | ripping off the taxpayer." And that instinct is how we
             | ended up here.
             | 
             | [1]: Obviously if you buy a new car the debt will be
             | greater than the value of the car (because the car loses so
             | much value when you drive it off the lot) but they have
             | fancy economic models to account for that, and the house
             | has an appraisal to prove that it can be sold for more than
             | they are loaning out.
        
               | heartbeats wrote:
               | Why can't you just seize the degree? If I go to college
               | and default on my loan, the elegant solution is to just
               | strip me of my degree. If I want it back, I would have to
               | go to college for another five years.
        
               | mandevil wrote:
               | Is the value of the degree the knowledge and experience
               | (and connections) you made along the way, or is it just
               | the signalling that this institution vouches for your
               | ability to clear a bar? Interesting philosophical
               | discussion point. If the value of the degree is the
               | former, there is literally no way that a bankruptcy judge
               | could force you to stop talking to friends or forget the
               | things you learned. If the latter, well, could the court
               | possibly enforce 'not talk about your experience at
               | college' on your resume or in all your job interviews?
               | Even if you had your degree taken away because of
               | bankruptcy, it still would be something that you could
               | mention in some way, right?
        
               | NikolaeVarius wrote:
               | A degree is a piece of paper. You can't seize the real
               | value which is in the head
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Or come up with a solution that doesn't result in
               | thousands of dollars of debts after graduation. Something
               | like tuition free universities...
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | Because unless you are an academic what good would that
               | do? Employers would still know you had obtained the
               | degree and at worst there might he a small discount on
               | your starting salary. You wouldn't be fired for losing
               | it.
        
           | istjohn wrote:
           | > Student loans (which are much lower interest rate and
           | nothing like these loans) can't be discharged in bankruptcy
           | but even those are open to modification or discharge in the
           | event of hardship.
           | 
           | Student loans are not so easily discharged. Yes, in theory
           | they can be written off in cases of "undue hardship." But in
           | practice, good luck finding an attorney willing to take your
           | case.
        
             | sjg007 wrote:
             | Student loans are going to be cancelled in 2022-2023 or
             | significantly written down. Also the enterprising student
             | is trying to pay off their loans now at 0%. It's too bad
             | though that Navient restructured itself to mitigate these
             | principal payments. I would say illegal too.
        
               | rblatz wrote:
               | This would increase the already high rate of inflation.
               | So I don't think it's exactly likely. Plus there isn't
               | the political will to give either party this win with
               | voters.
        
               | bitcharmer wrote:
               | > Student loans are going to be cancelled in 2022-2023
               | 
               | Any evidence to support that?
        
               | anonymouse008 wrote:
               | Student loans have been pushed back consistently and
               | routinely during the pandemic. The aim of kicking the
               | payment down the road is that the economy needs the
               | monthly payment as stimulus -- and to boot we're already
               | writing multi trillions in stimulus to get us conditioned
               | for the big release.
               | 
               | The only thing that thwarts this is sky high inflation,
               | which is not foreseeable... this is because they have the
               | biggest inflation enhancement on full bore (these literal
               | monthly rent payments or better in student loan
               | deference) and it's only caused 7% cpi or whatever...
               | that's anemic
        
               | bitcharmer wrote:
               | Thank you for your reply but it doesn't contain answer to
               | my question.
        
             | EmpirePhoenix wrote:
             | Get a lot of credit cards, pay of loan that cannot
             | bankrupt, then go bankrupt with all those credits
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | vineyardmike wrote:
               | So obviously bad advice, but the reason is that to
               | declare bankruptcy you have to convince a judge to do it.
               | You might have trouble with that using this terrible
               | plan.
        
               | jimnotgym wrote:
               | I was offering debt advice to a young person recently in
               | the UK.
               | 
               | They had gone to a UK debt management company that seeks
               | to compound your debt by asking your creditors to accept
               | an Individual Voluntary Agreement where you agree to pay
               | back a certain amount per month for a fixed period and
               | then get it written off. In practice it affects your
               | credit rating like bankruptcy. They were advised by that
               | company to do exactly what the person above said, max
               | their credit cards first. Cash advance if possible.
               | 
               | Not the first time I have heard this
        
             | bredren wrote:
             | They are also may not be payday-loan high interest, but the
             | interest is not necessarily low either.
             | 
             | Federal Plus loans were 8.5% until that program was shut
             | down in 2010. [0][1]
             | 
             | Graduate Direct Subsidized and Subsidized Federal loan
             | rates were 7.9% from 2006-2013 and have not dropped below
             | 6.3% since. [1]
             | 
             | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Family_Education_
             | Loan_... [1] https://www.finder.com/federal-student-loan-
             | interest-rates-b...
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Yeah, that's insane level of interest. My own student
               | debt here in UK has the interest rate of 1.1%. I've just
               | remortgaged our house at 1.29%, and our car is on 4%
               | finance. All standard deals, nothing crazy. 7.9 or even
               | 6.3% interest on the student loans that Americans get
               | would be ruinous.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Federal Plus loans were 8.5% until that program was
               | shut down in 2010.
               | 
               | Federal PLUS loans were never shut down, are still
               | available [0]; what was shut down was non-Direct federal
               | loans, including the non-Direct PLUS loans, which had a
               | higher interest rate than Direct PLUS loans. [1]
               | 
               | [0] https://studentaid.gov/understand-
               | aid/types/loans/plus
               | 
               | [1] scroll down to "Interest Rates on Federal PLUS loans"
               | which shows historical direct and non-Direct (FFEL)
               | rates:
               | https://www.savingforcollege.com/article/historical-
               | federal-...
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | Dang those rates are crazy.
               | 
               | In the Netherlands, students loans are guven by the
               | state. The interest rate is legally set to a mix of
               | government bond interest (10 and 5 years). They included
               | a clause that the interest never goes negative.
        
           | callmeal wrote:
           | >The US has relatively generous bankruptcy laws. Many people
           | go through bankruptcy and rebuild their credit over several
           | years.
           | 
           | Not for student loans.
           | 
           | https://bostonstudentloanlawyer.com/the-death-and-
           | bankruptcy...                   Like federal student loans,
           | private student loans typically cannot be discharged in
           | bankruptcy (although it is not impossible).         ...
           | Many (although not all) private student loans have this tiny
           | little clause, often hidden away in the obscure depths of the
           | promissory note (the loan contract that you signed, but
           | probably didn't read, when you first got the loan). The
           | clause basically says the following (and I'm paraphrasing
           | here): If the co-signer or the borrower dies or declares
           | bankruptcy, the entire balance of the loan will be come due
           | immediately.
        
           | actually_a_dog wrote:
           | You mean the very same bankruptcy laws that more or less
           | prevent you from borrowing money for years to come, should
           | you decide to use them?
        
           | dnautics wrote:
           | > The US has relatively generous bankruptcy laws
           | 
           | We absolutely need to destigmatize bankruptcy, too. And also
           | do things like make medical and student debt dischargeable.
           | Debt is and always should be a risk -- for the lender, who is
           | _literally getting free money_ out of the contract.
        
         | coding123 wrote:
         | It is a country that has given only a voice to those in power
         | too. I wonder if that plays into it. We pretend that everyone
         | has access to it but the truth is far from that.
        
         | florin_g wrote:
         | As an immigrant (of 27 years) I can tell you that the USA is
         | not Jurassic Park enough (Is that a good metaphor?). The
         | monsters keep me on the edge. It is my job to watch for the
         | traps. I am being lied left and right, in many ways, including
         | companies your kind empower. Everyone wants my money. I fell
         | and got back on my feet. I am ordinary and I am thankful. I am
         | a parent to my own children - as for me, a big daddy is the
         | worst that can happen to me.
        
         | oa335 wrote:
         | I highly recommend "Debt: The First 5000 Years" by late
         | anthropologist David Graeber. He does a good job of
         | highlighting the oddities of our existing financial system by
         | comparing it to others throughout human history.
        
         | halayli wrote:
         | Agreed with your sentiment. It's scary easy to fall down and go
         | from ok living style to becoming homeless.
         | 
         | But on the other hand, healthy debt is what grows the economy
         | and it's a necessity. There should be more regulation / laws
         | toward loan grants and far more regulation toward APR.
         | 
         | One thing for sure is that the system cannot favor lenders over
         | borrowers or vice versa because failure on either side results
         | in collapsing the system.
        
         | abernard1 wrote:
         | > I'm seeing posts here making it sound like 36% APR is
         | acceptable. Look up usury folks. This is it. Debt that is
         | intentionally structured so that it can never be repaid and
         | keeps the borrower harnessed to the cart.
         | 
         | This is Brazil or Mexico. Or payday loans. It's emphatically
         | not America at large unless you live in SF.
         | 
         | Please leave your bubble.
        
           | callmeal wrote:
           | >This is Brazil or Mexico. Or payday loans. It's emphatically
           | not America at large unless you live in SF.
           | 
           | Payday loans are America at large. And don't forget Credit
           | Cards rates.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | abernard1 wrote:
             | > And don't forget Credit Cards rates.
             | 
             | You mean those 18 month 0% APR rates for credit balance
             | transfers? The US has huge rates for long term debt, but
             | this is silly.
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | High APR is quite reasonable for very short term loans. E.g.
         | 36% APR must be around 3% a month, which does not sound
         | unreasonable for a one month loan. Here in the UK credit cards
         | are very commonly at circa 20% APR.
         | 
         | What's important is to mandate detailed and clear information
         | so that consumers understand what the rate exactly means and
         | what the consequences or not repaying quickly are before they
         | sign up. Then it's a personal choice and responsibility.
        
           | smorgusofborg wrote:
           | 3% a month is not reasonable by past metrics. Utility
           | companies like heating oil that didn't want to loan money
           | used to charge 0.5-1.5% per month after the grace period back
           | when normal mortgage rates were ~7% (APY) and car loans more
           | like 11%(APY).
           | 
           | This is simply being in the business of gouging people who
           | will end up needing to carry loans over and are better off
           | having bad credit but never really have a point of change
           | where they realize they need to declare bankruptcy or take
           | other financial advice.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | bitcharmer wrote:
         | You hit the nail on the head.
         | 
         | It's terrifying how many Americans on this thread defend this
         | despicable system as something normal and expected.
        
           | ransom1538 wrote:
           | This isn't America. Here is _season_ 6 ep01 of an ENTIRE
           | reality show series in England collecting money from people
           | not paying debts [many of them payday loans]. In England they
           | just walk into your home and start taking things. In Dubai
           | they put debtors in prison. Isreal is covered in payday
           | loans.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6yBiasqMnM
           | 
           | https://www.detainedindubai.org/post/the-truth-about-
           | leaving...
           | 
           | https://www.jpost.com/special-content/the-fall-of-payday-
           | loa...
        
             | bitcharmer wrote:
             | Crippling student loans or medical bankruptcy does not
             | exist in UK or any other European country, so that's a
             | pretty bad comparison.
             | 
             | I was not referring to just payday loans.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | It's terrifying how many Europeans come out and defend
               | payday loans and pretend their system where it's more
               | difficult to declare bankruptcy is somehow better than
               | the US debt system.
        
               | bitcharmer wrote:
               | Where did you see Europeans defending payday loans?
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | Disagree strongly. I've lived in places that ban payday loans
         | and it just goes underground.
         | 
         | What you're approach is, is to just han things because "people
         | are too dumb to make good choices". I'd prefer not to live in a
         | society like that.
         | 
         | And I'm kinda surprised you left out mortgages. The US has _far
         | less_ mortgage debt than other Western countries. Sure they
         | don't take on student loans, but they seem happy to take on
         | massive mortgages.
        
           | heartbeats wrote:
           | Illegal loans are harder to collect on. Sure, you have mob
           | tactics, but there's a limit on how far it can go.
        
             | refurb wrote:
             | You'd be surprised. Singapore has a _massive_ problem with
             | illegal loans. And that's a country with a pretty strict
             | police force.
        
         | entangledqubit wrote:
         | Also, to make sure there's enough prey, let's not make
         | financial education a requirement, in general, so people can
         | make well reasoned choices...
        
           | bequanna wrote:
           | What kind of additional financial education would you
           | recommend? I think we are already doing a decent putting this
           | info in front of our young.
           | 
           | I grew up very rural and solidly lower middle class. We
           | learned to balance checkbooks in 8th grade, had an accounting
           | class in 11th, and a "life skills" required course that
           | taught about budgets, loans, interest rates, credit cards,
           | apartment leases, and so on.
           | 
           | I am in my late 30s and everyone Ive ever mentioned this to
           | was exposed to pretty much the same set of things before they
           | left high school.
        
         | kirse wrote:
         | There's a happy medium with debt. Dave Ramsey takes a
         | conservative approach in that he prefers saving your entire
         | stack before buying something, I personally like to keep (total
         | debt < net worth), with some consideration for liquidity risk
         | thrown in. If I lost my job could I be a free man or am I
         | buried and sweating? Others take that multiplier even further
         | and sometimes luck out.
         | 
         | On one hand debt causes issues for those who lack knowledge,
         | but on the other hand it allows a great degree of near-term
         | accelerated growth and societal load-balancing. The fact that
         | society enables folks to collectively trust others to pay their
         | debts is why we're not still stuck with a barter economy and
         | the inherent inefficiencies of a "trust-less" economic
         | approach.
         | 
         | So much of present growth and fruitfulness is rooted in the
         | future faith that others will make good on their promises
         | (debt). Debt is a great thing in moderation.
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | The case for debt is clear enough with a home, a car, or a
           | business investment. Hard to imagine feeling anything but
           | embarrassment or frustration at paying off a television years
           | after you got it.
        
             | alkot89 wrote:
             | What is the difference other than a psychological one?
             | Especially when you use car as an example. A car will
             | probably depreciate just like a TV. It comes down to
             | whether the terms are good. I have purchased TVs and
             | computers on for 0 or very low APR because I had better
             | things to do with the cash. I have no problem paying $4000
             | 2 or 3 years in the future for a TV I have had the whole
             | time - it beat the alternative.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | A car has obvious practical utility if you live in a
               | country where a car is the only way to get around. In
               | many places it's basically essential to having a basic
               | life where you get to your job, and so on. A television
               | has comparatively little such practical utility, and the
               | downsides to setting your sights on a cheaper one are
               | much easier to live with.
               | 
               | The value of a car is also substantially greater (making
               | a cash purchase less practical) and your odds of
               | recovering a substantial portion of the purchase price
               | through resale are much better (indeed with a TV you'll
               | likely pay to get rid of it).
        
               | abustamam wrote:
               | Same here. I always make sure I have the cash on hand to
               | pay for debt if I'm somehow out of income, but if I can
               | get a 0% interest rate on a TV (or, more practically, the
               | $4000 bed I bought a few years ago since I don't quite
               | understand what the difference between my $500 TV and a
               | $5000 TV is other than marketing)... I can put that money
               | into an index fund and have it grow instead.
               | 
               | I think this kind of highlights the issues that GP was
               | pointing out though. I have stellar credit so I qualify
               | for amazing rates. Folks who are perpetually in debt and
               | don't have great credit will always have the worst rates.
               | Being poor is expensive.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | I just buy things with cash. How much interest is $1000
               | realistically going to be worth stretched out over a
               | year? Not enough to be worth playing shell games.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Both are true. Personally, I don't have the energy to
               | optimize my personal cash flow like this, even when it is
               | a reasonable thing to do. But then I am employed again,
               | with a steady income. I would use those 0% credits, and
               | manage cash flow accordingly, if I were still self-
               | employed so.
               | 
               | For reasons other then cash-flow, I wouldn't take a
               | credit for things other then a house or true business
               | investments (as: my company needs a credit as a way of
               | financing).
        
       | maddynator wrote:
       | Can someone share how is then any different from another company
       | like Affirm? They are a public company and this seems very
       | similar to them at high-level
        
       | hardwaresofton wrote:
       | Seemingly little known fact, the boom in credit card and
       | essentially usury law skirting was enabled by a Supreme Court
       | decision, the "Marquette Decision".
       | 
       | The Marquette decision allowed companies to export their interest
       | rates, such that they could use usury laws in the state where the
       | card is issued, NOT where the bank is headquartered. This is what
       | made credit cards profitable.
       | 
       | https://youtube.com/watch?v=2mHsTKvAuZc&t=393
       | 
       | It's rarely mentioned in "history of credit cards" pop history.
       | Somehow all the "Jurassic park" aspects of America seem to start
       | with a little sprinkle of deregulation.
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | Thanks for the info, very interesting and not something I was
         | aware of. Although I'd disagree with the idea that generic
         | "deregulation" is the problem here, at least in this case. In
         | my mind it's just a good example of all the inevitable "race to
         | the bottom" dynamic that happen where the laws of the _sales
         | location_ can be skirted by instead only applying the laws of
         | the _production location_.
         | 
         | Basically, locales realize they can get a huge economic boon to
         | themselves that is only possible because they are essentially
         | exporting their shitty policy outside their borders.
         | 
         | Tax havens are perhaps the best example. No country could
         | survive as a tax shelter if businesses could only do business
         | within their borders. But instead, you have small countries
         | that offer no/low taxes because they can pull in tons of
         | business from gigantic markets outside their borders.
         | 
         | It happens all over the place:
         | 
         | 1. In the Marquette example, states try to pull in lots of
         | banking business by having easy usury laws, but the vast
         | majority of those banks's customers are from other states.
         | 
         | 2. A couple states have gotten rid of "the rule against
         | perpetuities" to attract perpetual trusts, even though most of
         | the trust business occurs elsewhere.
         | 
         | 3. Businesses can extract huge tax concessions from states by
         | offering to set up headquarters in a state, even if most of the
         | business is done outside that state.
        
           | hardwaresofton wrote:
           | I agree that the generic idea of "deregulation" is sometimes
           | not to blame but I do want to point out that the Marquette
           | decision is basically _the lynchpin_ in this particular case
           | AFAIK -- usury laws AKA consumer protection regulation (which
           | is the regulation that was bypassed /minimized in this sense)
           | already differed from state to state, but that wasn't enough
           | incentive for banks to move their headquarters.
           | 
           | Intranational competition/racing to the bottom is fine
           | _within_ the bounds of regulation -- capitalism is a powerful
           | force but in my opinion the job of the government is to set
           | the guard rails.
           | 
           | The EU problem is an international problem which is why it's
           | so much harder to solve. You can't force another nation to
           | charge certain % for taxes but there are other things you can
           | do. Unfortunately most of the actions you can take to
           | disincentivize that behavior aren't quite so friendly, so the
           | politics intensifies and countries go for what they can get
           | away with. The control dynamic is different compared to
           | intranational regulation.
           | 
           | There's certainly competition between states and companies
           | but it's always when the guard rails bend/break that we see
           | explosions in a certain kind of activity and then the
           | repercussions 5-10 years later. It happens over and over
           | again in history -- regulations that reduce corporate tax
           | rates, roll back environmental protections, etc -- it happens
           | across party lines, and there's usually a happy/boom period
           | for a while for some market participants... Then the chickens
           | come home to roost.
           | 
           | The addition of regulation can do it too, of course, and some
           | of the time the ambitions are noble, but to me the _removal_
           | of regulation that was well established (for a good reason)
           | and the subsequent ill effects always feels the most
           | avoidable.
        
       | inopinatus wrote:
       | TLDR: a loan shark bites the dust. Only notable because this one
       | was backed by the sand hill road mob.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | > "LendUp was backed by some of the biggest names in venture
         | capital," said CFPB Director Rohit Chopra. "We are shuttering
         | the lending operations of this fintech for repeatedly lying and
         | illegally cheating its customers."
         | 
         | Juicy!
        
           | notyourday wrote:
           | They should go after the board as officers and directors of
           | the company do not get corporate protection.
           | 
           | We need to have officers and directors of those companies to
           | go to jail.
           | 
           | Alas CFPB is pretty toothless.
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | It amuses me that the adverb "illegally" is important to
           | include in that sentence.
        
             | voiper1 wrote:
             | Hah, but it was absolutely necessary. The government can't
             | shut down companies merely for lying or legally cheating
             | customers...
        
               | vmception wrote:
               | Exactly, and by "shutdown" they mean "shutters lending
               | for now"
               | 
               | The business is still available to do anything and is
               | well capitalized.
               | 
               | The regulator has to make it seem like a laser strike
               | from orbit, using words like "LendUp _was_ backed by
               | some" in the past tense as if the company is dissolved,
               | but its not and still is backed by the same capital
               | sources.
               | 
               | Time to remedy the operation, challenge the CFPB in
               | court, pivot etc
        
       | hardwaresofton wrote:
       | This is possibly the quickest I've seen something not age well:
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/uvw-u99yj8w?t=1077
       | 
       | Great advice from Jared but the example is unfortunate with this
       | news. Would love to hear/see writeups/talks on how YC and the
       | founders handle this unique situation in the future -- what
       | happens when regulators this deep in your fondue as a startup? Is
       | it a reconsider-pivot-and-proceed or a burn-it-all-down moment?
        
       | aj7 wrote:
       | Venture capital, Harvard, Stanford, it's all the same racket.
       | Because the best deals and students come to YOU, you don't
       | actually have to DO anything.
       | 
       | So it's no wonder this scam possess the smell test.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | It appears LendUp was given plenty of notice of these issues,
       | which look pretty correctable, yet somehow they didn't manage to
       | do that?
       | 
       | Why? Surely simple things like "Your advertising misrepresents
       | the way your service works" can be fixed by adding a few more
       | weasel words to the claims?
        
       | throwaway1901az wrote:
        
       | jollybean wrote:
       | Google investing in payday lenders, doing God's Work there.
       | 
       | Like they couldn't find something else for that money to do?
       | 
       | Like even just giving it away.
        
       | jimnotgym wrote:
       | So what happens now?
       | 
       | Directors go to jail?
       | 
       | Directors get banned from being Directors?
       | 
       | Or they just walk away with their bonuses intact?
        
       | uniqueuid wrote:
       | Can anybody enlighten me:
       | 
       | > The order would also impose a $100,000 civil money penalty
       | based on LendUp's demonstrated inability to pay.
       | 
       | Does this mean the fine is levied against individual executives,
       | rather than the company itself?
        
         | pc86 wrote:
         | No
        
       | riedel wrote:
       | I was curious about the general sentiment of HN to lendup. If
       | anyone else cares: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10956780
        
         | mwnivek wrote:
         | Note that LendUp spun off its credit card business (Mission
         | Lane) in December 2018.
         | 
         | https://www.pymnts.com/loans/2019/lendup-credit-card-busines...
        
       | aw3rt34t34t wrote:
       | > LendUp has been subject to multiple enforcement actions by the
       | CFPB. In addition to ordering LendUp in 2016 to stop
       | misrepresenting the benefits of borrowing from the company, the
       | CFPB sued LendUp in 2020 for allegedly violating the Military
       | Lending Act and obtained a judgment against LendUp in that
       | action. In September 2021, the CFPB filed this third action
       | alleging that LendUp:
       | 
       | So YC funded a payday lender that targeted active duty military
       | service members?
        
         | istjohn wrote:
         | YC should take steps to ensure the businesses they invest in
         | operate ethically. Of course, the first step would be to
         | acknowledge that something went terribly wrong here.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | YC wouldn't do that. I don't know the history here but I do
         | know that both founders left the company years ago (which is
         | pretty unusual). I can only assume that a lot changed since
         | they started 10 years ago (they were in W12).
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | When did that happen? According to this piece, the first
           | regulatory action against them for these practices was in
           | 2016.
        
             | _liam wrote:
             | Looks to have been in 2018 or 2019
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | 2019 looks right based on these sources:
               | 
               | https://debanked.com/2019/01/lendup-gets-a-shake-up/
               | 
               | https://www.crunchbase.com/person/jacob-rosenberg (it
               | would seem Rosenberg actually left in 2018)
               | 
               | Though according to the first one Orloff stayed on the
               | board even after that point.
        
           | ddtaylor wrote:
           | This may not have been YC's intent, but it does appear that's
           | what's effectively happened in the end. I have to assume that
           | YC has some method of exit strategy to separate itself from
           | companies that deviate so strongly. Maybe YC was just asleep
           | at the wheel, I don't know, but in either case they are
           | attached to the failure here.
        
           | isx726552 wrote:
           | Did YC divest itself once the problems started?
        
           | coderintherye wrote:
           | DanG, do you have any comments regarding the replies you
           | received to your comment here? You seem to have made a
           | blanket statement that YC wouldn't do that, but the evidence
           | points to the fact that YC did do that, as it funded the
           | founders who made these decisions that led to enforcement
           | actions in 2016 against them.
           | 
           | It's not like this is esoteric finance law either, I've
           | worked in fintech lending during this whole time period and
           | some of these violations are lending regulation 101. Military
           | Lending Act compliance at the very least is dead simple to
           | comply with and is the very first thing most lenders ensure
           | compliance with (due to it being federal, whereas some more
           | esoteric state level stuff can often get missed).
        
             | dang wrote:
             | I'm sorry, but I don't. I don't have any information about
             | the specifics and I don't know anything about the startup
             | or the domain. All I know is that YC would only have
             | invested in such a startup if they believed it could truly
             | be of benefit to people.
        
               | coderintherye wrote:
               | That's a fairer statement and one I would agree with.
               | 
               | I hope you know your words hold a ton of moral and social
               | weight in this community.
               | 
               | To say "YC wouldn't do that" is strong language,
               | especially given the facts.
               | 
               | To say, "YC would only have invested in such a startup if
               | they believed it could truly be of benefit to people" is
               | better, because it acknowledges that while YC had the
               | best of intentions, it could have made a mistake in
               | funding these founders rather than give an idea that YC
               | can do no wrong.
               | 
               | The founders, the ones funded by YC, created a company
               | that committed financial crimes before they left the
               | company. Those founders should be seen in that light,
               | regardless of their intentions.
        
             | tomhoward wrote:
             | Dang doesn't represent YC's accelerator/investments arm
             | (i.e., he's an employee engaged to run HN, not a YC partner
             | who makes investment decisions or official YC
             | announcements).
             | 
             | But here's an article from 2016 about what LendUp was
             | trying to do back then:
             | https://techcrunch.com/2016/01/22/the-loan-
             | dolphin/#.4sfbucn...
             | 
             | I don't know much about LendUp at all, but I do remember
             | the surprise - and feeling it myself - when it was
             | announced that YC was funding a payday lending company.
             | Then I remember the thinking behind it being explained
             | (perhaps on HN, perhaps elsewhere) and seeing that the
             | founders seemed to be making a sincere effort to offer
             | something that was at least just less-terrible than the
             | existing payday lending options around (many of which
             | involve dealing with crime gangs), which made me think "OK,
             | I guess it's worth a try". I presume YC thought the same
             | thing when they invested almost ten years ago.
             | 
             | If it turns out that there's no possible way of making a
             | sustainable business in this space that's less-terrible
             | than that was there before, I still don't think it's
             | reprehensible that YC thought it was worth backing founders
             | that seemed to be making a sincere effort to try.
        
               | coderintherye wrote:
               | >If it turns out that there's no possible way of making a
               | sustainable business in this space that's less-terrible
               | than that was there before
               | 
               | This is a disingenuous response because this space is
               | highly competitive and most of the big names in it have
               | _not_ gone out of business due to flagrantly breaking the
               | law. Just because LendUp broke the law and went out of
               | business does not mean there are no sustainable, legal
               | entities operating in it.
        
               | tomhoward wrote:
               | You could have added your perspective without describing
               | my response as "disingenuous", i.e., dishonest.
               | 
               | I said very clearly I have no specific knowledge on
               | LendUp. I also know little about the space (apart from
               | that it's a nightmare). The only specific insight I have
               | here is on YC's history and ethical track record.
               | 
               | That said, can you educate me and other readers by
               | linking to examples of companies that are doing well in
               | this space (specifically, offering a better lending
               | option than payday loans in the U.S.)?
        
               | coderintherye wrote:
               | Ok, we first have to start with acknowledging there are
               | two different things under discussion:
               | 
               | * Sustainable, legal lending businesses operating in the
               | payday loan space * Better lending options than payday
               | loans
               | 
               | I am not an expert in either of these [though I have
               | worked with numerous people who are experts in these] so
               | will not make blanket statements (which is why your
               | statement was disingenuous, rather than saying look I
               | don't know anything about this you instead chose to make
               | an authoritative statement indicating sustainable
               | business was not possible in this industry which is
               | untrue) about them, rather only indicate some of the
               | information available:
               | 
               | In the first group you have companies like: * Enova
               | [CashNet USA] - Had CFPB enforcement * Avant - Also from
               | a YC founder, had FTC enforcement action * OneMain - Caps
               | interest at 36%, actually has a carve-out in California
               | lending law
               | 
               | These companies have been operating sustainably for years
               | and looks like business is booming for them. Note how
               | despite receiving enforcement action they were not shut
               | down nor called "cheaters" by the CFPB like LendUp was?
               | This is indicative that one can commit predatory actions
               | in this industry and still be sustainable.
               | 
               | Now for the second group of better lending options than
               | PayDay loans, that's a very wide field but let's assume
               | we want to specifically discuss people who would
               | otherwise be going for a PayDay loan. I'm going to link
               | here to NerdWallet which actually has great overview of
               | options:
               | https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/loans/personal-
               | loans/alte... Specifically, I would call out local credit
               | unions as being a "good" option that is often overlooked
               | despite providing a ton of loan capital in the U.S.
               | 
               | There are also a number of non-profits working to try to
               | help people fall into the Pay Day loan space, in which I
               | would specifically call out SaverLife
               | https://about.saverlife.org/
               | 
               | Arguing whether or not PayDay loans are good (ethical) or
               | not is subjective, as others have noted a high-interest
               | loan can often be better than no loan, but what I would
               | personally argue is that continued and improved
               | government support for credit union payday lending (e.g.
               | https://www.ncua.gov/support-services/access/advancing-
               | commu... ) as well as more available physical lending
               | options (e.g. Go to the Post Office for a loan) are very
               | much worth exploring and supporting.
        
               | tomhoward wrote:
               | You've written a whole lot of words that bypass my point
               | and double down on the accusation that I was dishonest.
               | 
               | You've only cited companies/orgs that are operating
               | legally, not ones that are demonstrated to be highly
               | ethical and substantially better for borrowers to deal
               | with than the payday lending companies that existed when
               | LendUp was conceived around 10 years ago.
               | 
               | Clearly, LendUp was talking about trying to build
               | something much better for borrowers than what existed
               | then, and that's what was compelling to YC (as I said in
               | an earlier comment, I vaguely remember discussions about
               | this being had at the time, and thinking it would be
               | interesting to see how their plans would play out).
               | 
               | Exactly what went wrong along the way, I don't know, and
               | I haven't seen any comments here explaining it - only
               | indignant comments leaping to the conclusion that
               | everyone involved must have had malicious intentions from
               | the start but not offering any evidence for this.
        
               | coderintherye wrote:
               | This is why your comments are disingenuous. Both the
               | comments here and the article itself discuss what went
               | wrong _legally_ with LendUp. You are willfully ignoring
               | those.
               | 
               | If you want to weigh in with your "hot take" you should
               | at least read the article, rather than coming in claiming
               | LendUp did nothing wrong and then when presented with
               | evidence fall back on well "I don't know" and "know
               | little about the space".
               | 
               | This is exactly why your comment is disingenuous, because
               | you specifically stated "turns out that there's no
               | possible way of making a sustainable business in this
               | space that's less-terrible than that was there before" as
               | a defense of LendUp's actions, when as I have pointed out
               | to you, there are plenty of sustainable businesses
               | operating in this sector. If you want to quibble around
               | "sustainable" vs. "good" then at the very least you
               | should acknowledge there are companies that are operating
               | legally vs. ones shut down (e.g. LendUp) after committing
               | multiple violations.
               | 
               | I mean seriously, are you just going to ignore this
               | statement:
               | 
               | "LendUp was backed by some of the biggest names in
               | venture capital," said CFPB director Rohit Chopra. "We
               | are shuttering the lending operations of this fintech for
               | repeatedly lying and illegally cheating its customers."
               | 
               | The Director of the CFPB doesn't just come out and call
               | everyone liars and cheaters.
               | 
               | This is very much worth harping on, because you are
               | perpetuating and defending the idea that YC can do no
               | wrong, instead of accepting that it is possible it made a
               | mistake in funding and supporting these founders.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | I don't think it's true that the only alternative is loan
               | sharks. It's mostly "traditional" payday lenders, many of
               | which are owned by the big banks (through a couple layers
               | of obfuscation to cover up the stench).
        
               | tomhoward wrote:
               | I edited my comment to tone down the implication that
               | it's _only_ loan sharks.
               | 
               | That said, the "traditional" payday lenders all turn out
               | to be quite predatory, don't they? (I understand that's
               | what the original founding premise of LendUp was intended
               | to address, even if they couldn't make it work.)
               | 
               | But aside from that, will the traditional payday lenders
               | lend to everyone and anyone, no matter their
               | circumstances? If not, what are the options for people
               | who they won't deal with?
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Sure, I would agree with that characterization. But
               | apparently LendUp was even more predatory, to the point
               | that regulators shut it down. So in retrospect, I think
               | we need to take the claim that they wanted to create a
               | kinder, gentler kind of lending with a grain of salt.
        
               | tomhoward wrote:
               | The claim we're addressing in this subthread is that in
               | 2012 YC knowingly invested in a company that intended to
               | be predatory towards military personnel, such that it
               | would end up being shut down by regulators, implying that
               | YC was both deeply unethical and deeply stupid. Are we
               | really to believe that YC was being as unethical and
               | stupid as this claim requires us to?
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | "Knowing," "intended [at the time]", "would end up being
               | shut down by regulators" are all your embellishments. The
               | claim is "YC funded a payday lender that targeted active
               | duty military service members." As far as I can tell,
               | that is true, regardless of how pure anyone's intentions
               | were at the time. The defense on offer is that the
               | founders left the company between funding and now, but it
               | is not very compelling given the timelines.
        
               | tomhoward wrote:
               | The last part of that comment is quite obtuse. Can you
               | state simply and clearly, what, if anything, YC did that
               | was unethical?
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | "Unethical" again another embellishment. Perhaps this was
               | simply a case of poor judgment, which isn't unethical to
               | have.
        
               | tomhoward wrote:
               | OK then. You weren't the root commenter, but it's pretty
               | clear the root comment and the reply to dang were
               | attempting to pin an accusation of unethical conduct on
               | YC. But never mind.
               | 
               | There of course is another possibility: the founding team
               | in 2011 was proposing a concept that seemed ethical and
               | an improvement over payday lending options that existed
               | at the time, but over time the company's idea or
               | execution changed for some reason, in which case, there
               | was neither poor ethics nor poor judgement on YC's part.
               | 
               | Occam's razor would require us to accept this explanation
               | unless there was substantive evidence for another
               | scenario.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | I don't see the Occam's razor requires us to accept that
               | over someone simply misrepresenting what their plans
               | were.
        
               | tomhoward wrote:
               | By definition, Occam's razor requires us to believe that
               | founders sincerely intended to do what they said they
               | planned to do, unless there is evidence to the contrary.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | It is not self evident to me that someone sincerely
               | intending to do kinder, gentler lending and ending up
               | through some confluence of circumstances doing something
               | else is a "simpler" explanation than the same person just
               | lying about their intent.
        
               | garmaine wrote:
               | Yes, but they won't literally break your legs over an
               | unpaid debt anymore. These aren't run by crime syndicates
               | AFAIK.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | That seems to be a fair assessment.
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | Somebody commented in another thread, but basing it on the
         | Military Lending Act seems like the most straightforward thing
         | to give federal jurisdiction, as most usury laws are at the
         | state level.
         | 
         | Tax evasion wasn't Al Capone's primary crime either.
        
         | newbie789 wrote:
        
       | ransom1538 wrote:
       | Is this the same as "self.com" ?
        
         | sucrose wrote:
         | You mean self.inc? No, they don't lend money.
        
       | AlexandrB wrote:
       | From a linked press release RE: violations of the Military
       | Lending Act:
       | 
       | > The MLA puts in place protections in connection with extensions
       | of consumer credit for active-duty servicemembers and their
       | dependents, who are defined as "covered borrowers." These
       | protections include a maximum allowable annual percentage rate of
       | 36%, known as a Military Annual Percentage Rate (MAPR), a
       | prohibition against required arbitration, and certain mandatory
       | loan disclosures.
       | 
       | These seem like good[1], common-sense, consumer protections. Why
       | aren't these extended to credit consumers in general and not just
       | military personnel?
       | 
       | [1] I think one quibble might be the 36% max APR. This might be
       | too low for some high risk customers to be able to get credit at
       | all. But I'm not sure if there's any research around what a
       | reasonable number might be instead.
        
         | jzwinck wrote:
         | If a loan is so risky that it requires greater than 36%
         | interest, it should not be made. Loans with gigantic interest
         | ruin lives.
        
           | hchasestevens wrote:
           | This is an easy statement to make, but I think, empirically
           | speaking, it just doesn't line up with reality. For payday
           | loans, where the terms have historically been in excess of
           | 36%, the vast majority of borrowers:
           | 
           | 1. Pay the loan on-time (more than 90%; Community Financial
           | Services Association of America, "About the Payday Industry:
           | Myth vs. Reality.")
           | 
           | 2. Do not roll over the loan (same source)
           | 
           | 3. Are able, in advance, to accurately predict when they will
           | be able to pay off the loan ( https://scholarship.law.columbi
           | a.edu/faculty_scholarship/594... )
           | 
           | 4. Report having been satisfied with the experience as a
           | whole ( http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.
           | 1.1.554... )
           | 
           | Furthermore, evidence shows that, on the whole, loans of this
           | nature prevent bankruptcy, foreclosure, bounced checks, and
           | other outcomes ranging from extremely devastating to merely
           | disruptive ( https://www.researchgate.net/publication/5051409
           | _Payday_Holi... ;
           | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1344397 ;
           | https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/economics_articles/104/ ).
           | 
           | I think fortunately/unfortunately, most HN readers won't be
           | familiar with the benefits quick, easy access to capital can
           | have for a person, especially those living on the margins of
           | poverty, where missing one e.g. auto or phone payment can
           | have cascading, long-lasting effects, such as losing a job.
           | The nice thing about our distributed, relatively free-market
           | economy though is that every person can act as an independent
           | agent, analyze their own risk tolerance and ability to make
           | responsible use of the financial products available to them,
           | and make choices leveraging personal information that no
           | centralized authority (or blanket rule, such as "loans with
           | interest above 36% should not be permissible in any
           | circumstance") could possibly have access to.
        
           | Grimburger wrote:
           | My parents had nearly 20% interest rates on their homeloan at
           | one point. This isn't Valenzuela or Zimbabwe either, it's in
           | Australia.
        
           | jdavis703 wrote:
           | I was in a recent emergency situation where I could've needed
           | to spend thousands of dollars on the same day.
           | 
           | I just don't have that kind of liquidity.
           | 
           | I can turn the required savings/stock in to cash with 3-5
           | days of lag. But not the same day.
           | 
           | This is where a subprime loan would be useful as a bridge,
           | and in that situation I don't think it would ruin my life.
           | 
           | Consumers know what's best for them. As long as the APR is
           | accurately advertised, I don't see why people should be
           | jammed up because some people think interest is a sin.
        
             | pyrale wrote:
             | > Consumers know what's best for them.
             | 
             | The rest of the world would prefer you not to crash the
             | world economy like it happened in 2008, for the sake of a
             | clueless aphorism.
        
               | jdavis703 wrote:
               | Except in 2008 many people did not understand what their
               | actual monthly bill would be with an ARM in a worst case
               | scenario, and banks were more than happy to handwave away
               | any concerns.
        
             | raverbashing wrote:
             | If you have the collateral you don't need a subprime loan.
             | 
             | >Consumers know what's best for them.
             | 
             | Yeah that didn't work out the last time
        
             | freeone3000 wrote:
             | Consumer credit cards aren't subprime lending; you're given
             | an entire month of float before interest, and usually have
             | sub-20% APRs. This is entirely different from a payday
             | loan. Even a personal finance line of credit is much lower
             | interest.
        
             | YuriNiyazov wrote:
             | Just as an FYI: if you have stock in a regular brokerage
             | account, you can take out a margin loan in cash
             | immediately. It depends on the broker, but IME it's fairly
             | common (e.g. Fidelity does it).
             | 
             | Margin has a bad name as a "high risk" activity, but that's
             | mostly when you have a concentrated position and are taking
             | out a margin loan to double down on that concentrated
             | position. Using margin as a bridge cash loan for a few days
             | is a fairly low-risk proposition.
        
           | mbesto wrote:
           | > Loans with gigantic interest ruin lives.
           | 
           | Playing the devil's advocate here...loans with interest rates
           | higher than 36% are generally reserved for subprime lending -
           | payday loans being the most prominent. As long as we live in
           | a society (talking US here) where minimum wages don't keep up
           | with inflation and benefits, then these products in some
           | sense need to exist to satisfy that subprime group. Otherwise
           | it's literally impossible to create a profit on payday loans
           | if these rates are much lower.
           | 
           | Note - I don't know what the "right APR" is to make them
           | profitable, but I certainly can fathom why there might be a
           | 1000% interest rate on a 7 day loan of $100 so someone can
           | get their car out of the pound so they can drive to work. The
           | administrative overhead to lend $100 and only make pennies is
           | simply not worth it.
           | 
           | Also, yes gigantic interest rates ruin lives...more
           | importantly predatory sales practices to get people to buy
           | them. But maybe we should focus on why so many Americans get
           | to that in the first place (looking at your healthcare) -
           | thats a much easier market creation.
        
             | kbenson wrote:
             | Yes, the type of loans that usually have these high APRs
             | are along the lines of "we'll lend you $500 today, but we
             | expect $550 or $600 on your next payday" (yielding an APR
             | often well into the hundreds). The rates are high both
             | because a) there's a high level of defaults and b) they
             | aren't really secured by anything except for a pre-
             | scheduled ACH from the bank, so collection is hard (and it
             | doesn't go on regular credit reports).
             | 
             | Some people make good use of these, as timely sources of
             | money when there's not a lot of other options (not everyone
             | has credit or saving or friends and family that can help).
             | At the same time, it is extremely predatory, and the
             | lenders are constantly trying to maximize the money they
             | can get from people (such as rolling a new loan into the
             | payment of the original, meaning only the interest is
             | functionally required on the due date, and they get to
             | skirt the laws of the loan required to be short term).
             | 
             | It's one of those catch-22 situations where doing away with
             | the market entirely hurts those you're trying to protect,
             | but it's hard to regulate effectively because the benefit
             | is it's quick and short, meaning too many hurdles might be
             | the same effectively as doing away with them completely.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Capitalism works extremely well for those at the top,
               | reasonably well for those in the middle and it can
               | utterly suck for those at the bottom who effectively prop
               | up the two other layers.
        
               | the_optimist wrote:
               | This has nothing to do with capitalism. Capitalism is
               | merely private ownership of stuff. When people use the
               | word "capitalism" like this, it inevitably sounds like a
               | naive Marxist classism throwback. Anything bad is merely
               | attributed to capitalism, and set aside the generations
               | of economic nuance we have developed since the gestation
               | of that dysfunctional construct.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | > Capitalism is merely private ownership of stuff.
               | 
               | That's a very narrow definition of capitalism. It's not
               | just 'stuff' that is privately held, it is also the means
               | to generate profit and a very large chunk of the
               | available capital. The effects of that go way beyond just
               | 'stuff', and can make it next to impossible for someone
               | born at the bottom of the stack to work their way up. Of
               | course, some inevitably succeed at this and they are held
               | up with great fanfare to prove that 'the system works'
               | but on average, if you are born at the bottom your life
               | will likely continue to at that level of society without
               | much chance of upward mobility because the system is
               | stacked against you.
               | 
               | And payday loans at exorbitant rates are a mechanism that
               | keeps people down.
        
               | the_optimist wrote:
               | I agree with your punchline, but all the hypothetical
               | before it is strictly unrelated to capitalism. As if
               | peons in the European middle ages living under non-
               | capitalism, Cambodia, Venezuela, or various theocracies
               | have this remarkable social mobility. This type of
               | analysis is inferior to pointing to correlates with moon
               | cycles or fluorinated water; it directly ignores history.
        
               | admax88qqq wrote:
               | You're basically defining capitalism as "some people have
               | lots of money"
        
               | yunohn wrote:
               | Yes, well, "capitalism" is built around "capital" aka
               | money, assets, real estate, etc etc.
        
               | jessaustin wrote:
               | Capitalism means rich people decide what happens. This is
               | easily observed in e.g. USA. [0] "Democracy" would be
               | something else.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/perspectives-
               | on-poli...
        
               | yata69420 wrote:
               | Rich people decide what happens in every system of trade
               | and governance.
               | 
               | "Communist" China is a lot better if you're rich. So is
               | "socialist" Europe. So is "capitalist" America.
               | 
               | The -isms have never really mattered.
               | 
               | The golden rule truly is "whoever has the gold makes the
               | rules".
        
               | kbenson wrote:
               | > Capitalism is merely private ownership of stuff.
               | 
               | No, it's private ownership _and trade_ of stuff. That
               | seems nitpicky, until you contrast it with other economic
               | systems, in which case trade is strictly regulated, and
               | it becomes obvious that 's a large part of it.
               | 
               | > the generations of economic nuance we have developed
               | 
               | You mean the nuance that takes us further from a pure
               | capitalistic and free market system into a hybrid system
               | where there are regulations and communal (government)
               | efforts to counteract the portions of capitalism and free
               | markets that are not palatable for a modern society
               | because they fail to lead to outcomes we want?
               | 
               | There are reasons why the poor of today are better off of
               | the poor of a century ago, and many of those reasons are
               | not much in line with capitalism and the free market,
               | while others are. Minimum wage, regulations on predatory
               | practices, etc account for a lot of that, while
               | advancements in technology and medicine much of the rest.
               | 
               | Without regulations, which are a restriction on private
               | trade, we'd still be dealing with the things Upton
               | Sinclair chronicled so long ago (whether embellished or
               | not).
        
               | the_optimist wrote:
               | I'm not sure what you're arguing here aside from
               | capitalism is also free trade. I think definitionally no,
               | but semantically or practically maybe. Free trade is also
               | a thing, sure. I'd like to examine the mechanism you've
               | identified to attribute the sources of betterment, if you
               | are not merely making it up as you go.
        
             | stevesimmons wrote:
             | > I don't know what the "right APR" is
             | 
             | In the UK, the consumer finance regulator the FCA did an in
             | depth analysis of subprime lending and concluded that
             | "fair" maximum charges were interest rates of 0.8% per day
             | and total costs (interest, fees and penalties) no more than
             | the amount of the loan principal borrowed.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >In the UK, the consumer finance regulator the FCA did an
               | in depth analysis of subprime lending
               | 
               | source?
               | 
               | >and concluded that "fair" maximum charges were interest
               | rates of 0.8% per day
               | 
               | "fair" in this case being what? The interest rate being
               | enough to offset defaults? Or enough to offset defaults +
               | overhead + profit?
               | 
               | >and total costs (interest, fees and penalties) no more
               | than the amount of the loan principal borrowed.
               | 
               | I find this baffling. 0.8% per day compounded for a year
               | is 18.3%, but they say that total costs can be equal to
               | the principal? That means the effective APR can be up to
               | 100% (if borrowing for a year), more than 5x the "fair"
               | APR from before. Speaking of which, why isn't the length
               | of the loan factored in? Surely a 1 week loan should have
               | a lower "total cost" than a one year loan?
        
               | elijaht wrote:
               | 0.8% compounded for a year is ~1830% APR
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | You're right. I must have forgotten to convert the result
               | back to percentage.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | ~1730% (1.0 out of the 18.3 on the calculator is the
               | principal).
        
               | stevesimmons wrote:
               | Source: https://www.fca.org.uk/news/press-releases/fca-
               | confirms-pric...
               | 
               | From this post:
               | 
               | Martin Wheatley, the FCA's chief executive officer, said:
               | 
               | 'I am confident that the new rules strike the right
               | balance for firms and consumers. If the price cap was any
               | lower, then we risk not having a viable market, any
               | higher and there would not be adequate protection for
               | borrowers.
               | 
               | 'For people who struggle to repay, we believe the new
               | rules will put an end to spiralling payday debts. For
               | most of the borrowers who do pay back their loans on
               | time, the cap on fees and charges represents substantial
               | protections.'
        
             | 8note wrote:
             | I'm not convinced that payday loans should be able to
             | produce a profit? The subprime group seems like people who
             | should be serviced by the government, rather than pushed
             | into a worse place to extract what little value they have.
        
               | mbesto wrote:
               | > I'm not convinced that payday loans should be able to
               | produce a profit?
               | 
               | So who in their right mind would provide such a service
               | if there was no path to a profit? /headscratch
        
             | aj7 wrote:
             | A huge lobbying interest is devoted to protecting this
             | industry. Opposition to minimum wage increases is one of
             | their priorities.
        
             | wpietri wrote:
             | How much help do you think the devil really needs here?
        
           | kyrra wrote:
           | As other have said, that's why bankruptcy exists. Also, loans
           | like this aren't a 1-year repayment, it's a much shorter
           | window, so you are not paying 36% more, you will pay likely
           | in a shorter time window. While 36% looks bad, these kinds of
           | loans can be helpful to people.
           | 
           | Just because it looks scary to you, people go to these kinds
           | of tools because they need them. When those tools are taken
           | away, they will go down riskier paths, or fail to pay bills
           | (which can lead to worse outcomes). Don't treat everyone like
           | they can't think for themselves and understand what they are
           | getting into. Sometimes solutions like these are needed.
        
           | SilasX wrote:
           | Ehhh I agree in general but if you want to say that
           | universally, then you're painting with too broad a brush.
           | Like, wasn't Google started with servers bought by maxing out
           | a credit card at similar interest rates?
        
             | TheDong wrote:
             | > wasn't Google started with servers bought by maxing out a
             | credit card at similar interest rates?
             | 
             | This is some sort of fallacy, but I don't know the name of
             | it.
             | 
             | Anyway, as a counter point, I'm here from an alternative
             | reality where we instead instituted this law limiting APR a
             | year before google started. Google still managed to buy
             | servers despite the law (I think that story's apocryphal,
             | but even if it's true, they just got them at lower interest
             | rates or got like 2 fewer servers and google was slower for
             | a few months).
             | 
             | However, in this alternate future, there's also another
             | company that did a lot of really good things founded by
             | someone who in _this_ reality ended up the victim of a
             | payday loan, penniless, and is still struggling with the
             | after effects of declaring personal bankruptcy. His even-
             | better-company didn 't happen.
             | 
             | Do you sorta see what I'm trying to say here?
             | 
             | Maybe the fallacy is just a bias towards some specific
             | vaguely related anecdotes over data? The sorta "I agree in
             | general drunk driving is bad, but doesn't Steve Ballmer
             | actually drives better while drunk so maybe it's too broad
             | of a brush to outlaw it?"
        
               | SilasX wrote:
               | It would be more like, "Drunk driving is absolutely never
               | acceptable" including taking your critical-condition
               | friend one mile to a hospital on empty roads while you're
               | .08.
               | 
               | Edit: also it seems like the fallacy would be in the
               | other direction. Up through the Middle Ages, charging any
               | interest at all was "usury", because no one saw the
               | difference between "non-exploitive business loans" vs
               | preying on the desperate; the former was the bizarre
               | special case, until the exception became the rule.
        
           | cesarb wrote:
           | > If a loan is so risky that it requires greater than 36%
           | interest, it should not be made.
           | 
           | Playing devil's advocate: it depends. When I was younger,
           | there were times when, if you lent money at only 36% per
           | _month_ interest, you 'd be losing money. You'd have to lend
           | at rates higher than that, just to break even, no matter how
           | low the risk was.
        
             | rory wrote:
             | You mean because your country had high inflation?
        
           | pc86 wrote:
           | Buying my friend a beer because he lent me $20 three days ago
           | works out to an astronomical APR. It doesn't mean doing so
           | should be illegal.
           | 
           | There's a time and place for everything and that probably
           | includes high interest loans as well.
        
             | aj7 wrote:
             | It is not true that any business model you can think of
             | should be allowed.
        
             | the_optimist wrote:
             | The social negatives of difficult-to-discharge debt and
             | Ponzi-rate lending (wherein debt service cannot be met by
             | an underlying economic growth behavior) are horrific and
             | easily preventable. Letting even one person fall into the
             | pit is a social travesty.
        
             | onion2k wrote:
             | I wouldn't be surprised if paying interest on loans in the
             | form of alcoholic beverages is actually illegal if you
             | don't have a liquor license.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | tylerfontaine wrote:
             | I don't think anyone is suggesting that gratitude for good
             | friendship should be regulated.
        
           | troupe wrote:
           | Assuming that everyone is acting in their own best interest,
           | then a 36%+ interest rate would only be used by someone who
           | is in a situation where it is better than their alternatives.
           | If the option was not available, then they wouldn't have the
           | alternative that is best for them.
           | 
           | If someone is NOT acting in their own best interest, then
           | there are an infinite number of things that need to be
           | removed from their options.
        
             | baq wrote:
             | Standard humans routinely fail to correctly asses options.
             | They can't even if they're aware they can't. Economists are
             | still coming to terms with how badly the rational choice
             | theory predicts human behavior.
        
           | nostromo wrote:
           | Say I live paycheck to paycheck and I need $500 to fix my car
           | that I use to get to work until I get paid in a few weeks.
           | 
           | Borrowing $500 for one month and paying $15 in interest would
           | be completely worth it and beneficial to the borrower. That's
           | what 36% annualized interest would look like for a single
           | month.
           | 
           | Do people get in trouble with debt? Yes. And that's why we
           | have bankruptcy. But not everyone gets in trouble with debt.
           | I don't think it's fair to make it unavailable to everyone to
           | protect those that fall into arrears -- because, again,
           | that's what bankruptcy is for.
        
             | aseipp wrote:
        
               | cowuser666 wrote:
               | Which part is completely fake? Living paycheck to
               | paycheck? A $500 cost? Or being able to come up with $15
               | within a month?
               | 
               | Are you under the impression that nobody ever uses credit
               | facilities with high interest without spiraling into
               | bankruptcy?
        
             | heartbeats wrote:
             | You're assuming that credit is only available at that
             | price. If he has a car and a credible case to make that
             | he'll be able to give them the money next month, surely he
             | could get it cheaper than that?
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | > Say I live paycheck to paycheck
             | 
             | Well, that's your problem right there. Unless you have
             | routine access to spending opportunities that yield more
             | than 36% in yearly returns, which I'm going to assume is
             | pretty unlikely.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | The easiest way to yield that kind of return is aborting
               | on pre-committed spending. In fact, that's the way the
               | poor generate this kind of income. If they have $100 for
               | food this month and a sudden expense needs $50, then that
               | means they just go hungry until their budget hits $50 for
               | food this month.
               | 
               | What you do is you starve a day or two and sell your food
               | bank food. Everyone is capable of generating income while
               | depleting from stores.
        
               | baq wrote:
               | 'Stop being poor' is the usual advice given in that
               | predicament.
        
               | dools wrote:
               | Don't lean weird
        
             | bonzini wrote:
             | If you live paycheck to paycheck, which is consistent with
             | your total savings being less than $500, the chance that
             | you will be able to pay back $515 on your next payday are
             | basically zero.
        
               | damiankennedy wrote:
               | I'm not so sure, living paycheck to paycheck doesn't mean
               | you have no discretionary spending at all. Maybe you have
               | $500 a month for one off expenses and you already used up
               | this months on a laptop for you kid at school or
               | something.
        
               | chii wrote:
               | and next month, another emergency. The root cause is low
               | income, because with a higher income, such things won't
               | be an emergency.
        
               | bonzini wrote:
               | One off expenses don't happen 12 times a year. If you
               | haven't been able to save $100 a month for five months,
               | you just won't be able to save five times as much, let's
               | be realistic.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | Poor people find that one off expenses happen
               | surprisingly often. Between car breakdowns (far more
               | likely for those who can only afford a clunker), sudden
               | health crises, domestic maintenance, wear and tear on
               | clothes, unexpected inflationary price rises on
               | essentials like energy and food, and a host of other
               | issues, the poor have no slack at all in their budgets.
               | 
               | Of course the real problem is many jobs don't pay enough.
               | 
               | In fact not getting paid enough - and therefore being
               | unable to budget - is considered evidence of poor
               | character, while not paying enough is considered evidence
               | of enlightened and mature rationality.
               | 
               | It's quite a strange view of the world.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | How one-off are they really, at that point? Either way,
               | the other guy's point -- that paying it off is not all
               | that likely -- still stands.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >One off expenses don't happen 12 times a year.
               | 
               | so you'd be in favor of payday loans if they were limited
               | to n times per year?
               | 
               | >If you haven't been able to save $100 a month for five
               | months, you just won't be able to save five times as
               | much, let's be realistic.
               | 
               | what about people who have the free cash flow, but can't
               | save for various reasons? eg. friends/family asking for
               | money, poor self control, etc.?
        
               | bonzini wrote:
               | For example, in Italy there's a special kind of payday
               | loan that is limited by law to 1/5th of the net paycheck.
               | It is taken off the paycheck by agreement between your
               | bank and the lender's. The combination of these two rules
               | makes them more likely to be paid successfully, and gives
               | them a better APR than e.g. credit cards despite being
               | essentially used for the same purpose as subprime payday
               | loans in America. There's also a maximum legal APR of
               | ~18% for these loans (it varies every quarter), which is
               | better than e.g. the ~24% maximum legal APR of credit
               | cards
               | 
               | Unbounded APR and "letting the market figure it out" is
               | not the solution.
        
               | frockington1 wrote:
               | Isn't Italy topping the charts of countries in financial
               | ruin? If it weren't for Greece being worse Italy would be
               | in the headlines. If America is to change laws, it'd help
               | to use a successful nation as an example
        
               | bonzini wrote:
               | Interesting spin on the ad hominem, but I just mentioned
               | what I know about since I live here. Anyway, we're
               | talking about private debt; and while Italy has a huge
               | public debt, its private debt is quite low.
               | 
               | BTW, right now US treasury bonds have a higher 10y yield
               | than Italy.
        
               | Scarblac wrote:
               | If you have $500 per month for one off expenses, you
               | should have been able to build some sort of emergency
               | fund.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | My car was towed the other day and while I was paying my
               | bill for the $700 or whatever SF makes you pay, there was
               | this guy at the next counter with nothing who was
               | sleeping in his van who had it towed and they wanted $100
               | to release it. The tow counter lady could obviously do
               | nothing (his price is low because of low income etc.
               | etc.) but the guy was going to have to sleep in the
               | street otherwise. And there is a holding fee each day
               | it's in the tow yard.
               | 
               | Sure, we could find each of these risky situations and
               | try to regulate them, but you won't even know of them
               | because most people will never get towed. It's better to
               | improve access to credit.
               | 
               | The guy could get $100 the next day, but not
               | $100+storage-fee/day. It's like $70/day. Any loan that
               | goes between 0% per day and 70% per day simple interest
               | would have been a net win for this guy.
               | 
               | Obviously, having eavesdropped on the whole thing, I paid
               | it as I was leaving but I think perhaps those of us with
               | easy cash liquidity should perhaps build some intuition
               | on what kinds of situations cause people to take on
               | onerous credit.
               | 
               | EDIT: Oh, I recalled a detail I'd forgotten when first
               | relating the tale. He wanted to go get his phone from the
               | van so he could call for help but they wouldn't let you
               | in the yard without paying to release. I imagine he was
               | going to have a damned hard time asking for help without
               | the phone.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Good man. Too few like you.
        
               | DevKoala wrote:
               | It is $700 now? SF is ridiculous. They towed my car once
               | and it was $400 back in 2017.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | Strictly, it's $100 for the citation you pay online, then
               | there's the city fees for ~$300 or something and the tow
               | fees for $250 or something. They will take $50 off one of
               | those things if it's your first-time. No one was amused
               | by my request for a subscription plan.
        
               | baq wrote:
               | It's expensive to be poor and people who haven't ever
               | been poor just can't wrap their heads around that. They
               | don't understand the loss-loss choices poor folk have to
               | make every day and the toll and psychological exhaustion
               | it puts on them.
        
               | dstick wrote:
               | I will never let a chance slide to quote one of my
               | favourite passages from my favourite author and fantasy
               | series: the Discworld, Terry Pratchett (GNU!):
               | 
               | "The reason that the rich were so rich, Vimes reasoned,
               | was because they managed to spend less money.
               | 
               | Take boots, for example. He earned thirty-eight dollars a
               | month plus allowances. A really good pair of leather
               | boots cost fifty dollars. But an affordable pair of
               | boots, which were sort of OK for a season or two and then
               | leaked like hell when the cardboard gave out, cost about
               | ten dollars. Those were the kind of boots Vimes always
               | bought, and wore until the soles were so thin that he
               | could tell where he was in Ankh-Morpork on a foggy night
               | by the feel of the cobbles.
               | 
               | But the thing was that good boots lasted for years and
               | years. A man who could afford fifty dollars had a pair of
               | boots that'd still be keeping his feet dry in ten years'
               | time, while the poor man who could only afford cheap
               | boots would have spent a hundred dollars on boots in the
               | same time and would still have wet feet.
               | 
               | This was the Captain Samuel Vimes 'Boots' theory of
               | socioeconomic unfairness."
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | I absolutely hate that quote. It may have been true-ish
               | for classes of goods and services 150yr ago but today it
               | serves little purpose than letting yuppie consumers pat
               | themselves on the back for buying premium products.
        
               | dstick wrote:
               | As someone who has been poor 10 years ago, trying to
               | raise a family, that's just false. We had to deal with
               | the literal situation from the quote: shoes. We could
               | only afford cheap ones for our children and the shoes
               | "broke" before they grew out of them. If you think this
               | only happened 150 years ago then I envy your privileged
               | outlook on life. This quote is as relevant today, as it
               | was then. Being poor is expensive.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | I stand by my statement. You might occasionally find
               | classes of long term consumable goods where the literal
               | cheapest is just too short lived to work or medium term
               | consumable goods where the fancier options last longer by
               | a big enough margin to be worth it (sawzall blades and
               | dish soap are the only two I can think of). The majority
               | of long term consumables get destroyed by a mishap long
               | before it succumbs to wear and tear. Coats and pants get
               | torn. Tools get broken from too much being asked of them
               | in a pinch. Anything with an electric motor will live
               | until you do something dumb that lets the smoke out. If
               | you want to save money your default should be to cheap
               | out. You will win some and lose some but the losses will
               | be so, so, so rare as to be a rounding error. More often
               | the problem is you buy something that is cheap junk and
               | it refuses to die so you are left suffering though it
               | forever.
               | 
               | I went through my fair share of Walmart black no slip
               | shoes before moving into tech. I hope financial hardship
               | is in your future as well as your past. Maybe you'll
               | figure it out the second time around.
        
               | UperSpaceGuru wrote:
               | Props on paying it forward. It's not a systems fix, but
               | we underestimate how impactful culture is & in a future
               | where the wealth distribution is going to be even more
               | lopsided, benevolence & sense might be a good stopgap.
        
               | ab_testing wrote:
               | But then what is the alternative. If you don't get the
               | car fixed, then you will not be able to commute to work.
               | If you won't work, then you won't be able to pay rent.
               | Isn't the $500 loan then a better alternative than ending
               | up homeless ?
               | 
               | Would'nt it be better to rack up a $500 loan and then try
               | to pay $100 per month so that it can be paid off in 6-9
               | months - even with 36% interest ?
        
               | Steko wrote:
               | One alternative is the guy who needs a $500 emergency
               | loan gets it at a non-usurius interest rate. The system
               | could be revamped to support easier repayment for actual
               | emergency loans.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | The sane alternative is being part of movement of
               | millions of people that pushes for better wages, better
               | working conditions, etc. But no, instead everybody's
               | forced into dealing with their own individual
               | situation(s) as if they are not actually all connected to
               | the greater economic organization picture.
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | > If you don't get the car fixed, then you will not be
               | able to commute to work.
               | 
               | Don't most metro areas have public transit? Perhaps buses
               | are not the most comfortable or convenient, but they do
               | exist, and for good reason.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | I would say that it's a pretty substantial portion of the
               | population for whom this is not a serious option.
        
               | obstacle1 wrote:
               | While true, vehicle dependency is a serious societal
               | problem in North America that needs to be fixed. This is
               | partially the reason. Nobody should need a personal
               | vehicle in order to be able to live a baseline
               | satisfactory life.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Don't disagree, but you won't get a paycheck standing on
               | principle here.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | The alternative is a society where nobody is homeless
               | regardless of their income or lack thereof.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | In other countries there are institutions such as municipal
             | banks that will borrow you the money at a reasonably low
             | interest rate. The US is fairly unique in having legal
             | usury where loansharks are allowed to prey on poor people.
        
               | davedx wrote:
               | UK: hold my beer...
        
               | edoceo wrote:
               | Can you expand?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | The UK has payday loans as well. As do a few other
               | countries.
        
             | syki wrote:
             | The question lawmakers ought to ask is what is more
             | beneficial, overall, for society? Some will suffer by
             | denying exorbitant interest rate loans. Some will benefit
             | by restricting them. I suggest our society would be better
             | by not having exorbitant rate loans be legal.
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | Why should a society be structured by majority rule /
               | majority benefit for such things, even if one agrees with
               | your premise that society is supposedly better off (which
               | I disagree with, you're not counting all the required
               | consequences that go with re-ordering the system, you're
               | pretending we're only talking about one thing)?
               | 
               | Actual democracy is an extreme negative, not a positive
               | approach to organizing society.
               | 
               | You can claim the majority would benefit from eating the
               | wealth of Sergey Brin and Larry Page at this point, they
               | no longer operate Google, they're just ~50 year olds
               | sitting on $200 billion in Google shares, piddling around
               | until the day they die. So why not let society benefit
               | sooner rather than later by consuming their wealth to its
               | (supposed) benefit, divvy up their wealth to the poorest
               | 51%.
               | 
               | You can invent a huge number of scenarios for doing
               | things like that, where society supposedly is better off
               | if we violate the property rights of some minority group.
               | Why shouldn't some minority of people be allowed to lend
               | at 43% interest if there are takers at that rate? Because
               | you say so? Why shouldn't their property rights be
               | respected - the property right to lend their money out at
               | the rates they can command - and why should the majority
               | get to arbitrarily restrict their property rights? It
               | sets up an obvious exploitation situation, which is
               | always the case in democracy, where the majority can
               | endlessly torture, exploit and abuse the minority.
               | 
               | It would very clearly be better for the top 51% (far more
               | than that actually) - the majority of society - if the
               | economic bottom 10% did not exist (a group that rarely
               | holds a job, has vast health & drug addiction problems,
               | rarely pays taxes into the system, rarely contributes
               | much of anything; and in fact that's true in nearly all
               | welfare states, including the US). So they should all be
               | gotten rid of, is that right? Democracy in action. The
               | tax paying majority is sick and tired of carrying the
               | never-tax-paying economic segments at the bottom, time to
               | get rid of them, for the benefit of "society" (aka the
               | majority power herd).
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | Why shouldn't people be allowed to buy and own slaves, if
               | there are takers willing to sell themselves into slavery
               | (say, to provide for their family)?
        
               | lief79 wrote:
               | Is the bottom 10% that sticky ... nvm, looks like it may
               | be. From a quick search, 43% of the individuals raised in
               | the bottom 25% stay in the bottom quartile.
               | 
               | https://www.pewtrusts.org/~/media/legacy/uploadedfiles/pc
               | s_a...
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | So if you're born into the bottom 25 you have slightly
               | worse than 60-40 odds odds of getting out?
               | 
               | Those seem like damn good odds for something that is
               | necessarily a zero sum.
               | 
               | I would expect that as you get lower down (say bottom 10)
               | it becomes even more volatile since the wealth needed to
               | get out gets even lower.
        
               | syki wrote:
               | Your response delves into topics my post does not cover.
               | I think society would be better off banning exorbitant
               | interest rate loans. Beyond this, on this topic, I have
               | said nothing.
        
               | confidantlake wrote:
               | The loan sharks being the ones exploited and abused is
               | certainly an interesting take.
        
               | Zigurd wrote:
               | > _Why shouldn 't some minority of people be allowed to
               | lend at 43% interest if there are takers at that rate?_
               | 
               | For the same reasons we have regulations and standards in
               | construction, transportation, etc. Because we know that
               | uninspected cars will leads to death and injury on the
               | roads. So laws and regulations are there to reduce
               | selling and using blatantly unsafe vehicles.
        
             | nikanj wrote:
             | Alas, the more likely scenario is "I need $500 to fix my
             | car. Damn piece of shit needs repair at least once or twice
             | every year. If I had a brand-new F350, I would save so much
             | money on repairs!"
             | 
             | And they happily drive off the lot with a $80k car loan at
             | 36%. People are, pardon my french, dumb as shit when it
             | comes to car purchases. They are very happy to lose a
             | guaranteed $10k/year in deprecation, so they won't get hit
             | by a $2000 surprise bill.
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | The valuation of assets doesn't matter when you have cash
               | flow issues (especially when you can't sell that asset).
               | It really doesn't matter in the short term how fast an
               | asset is depreciating as long as it's doing the job in
               | the short term. This is why people say it's expensive to
               | be poor. Someone with good cash flow can make better long
               | term financial decisions.
        
               | nikanj wrote:
               | You're absolutely right, and it's so frustrating to see
               | someone opting for additional $150 per month in car
               | payments, because they couldn't afford a $500 repair,
               | because they're already doing $350 per month in car
               | payments.
        
               | whatever1 wrote:
               | An old car is not a 2000$ surprise bill and you are done.
               | It's 1000 and after a couple of months another 2000 and
               | after that another 1000. It never stops asking randomly
               | for money.
               | 
               | While I was a student over the span of 5 years I had
               | spent to the mechanic more than what I had paid the
               | dealer for my 10 yo used car. Without the help of my
               | parents I am not sure how I would be able to spit enough
               | money to pay all of these bills.
               | 
               | So yes paying 400 per month for 7 years with high
               | interest is a better deal that getting a car that you can
               | afford with cash.
        
               | ak217 wrote:
               | I don't mean to downplay people's problems, but this very
               | much depends on the car, your local climate, and your
               | ability to spot problems before they become serious. Lots
               | of Toyotas out there that you only need to budget oil and
               | tires for, and the occasional strut/brake pads/spark
               | plugs as needed every few years. And there is plenty of
               | information out there on which used cars are more
               | reliable and how to spot parts that will need
               | maintenance, if one is resourceful enough to search for
               | it.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | wpietri wrote:
               | I think it's pretty hard to measure people's actual
               | intelligence here given the way they are manipulated. US
               | carmakers spend something like $10bn/year on advertising,
               | for example. And car salesman are a byword for making
               | sales by any means necessary. Car makers and dealers do
               | that shit because it works on enough people to keep the
               | money rolling in.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Most people don't make great decisions buying cars, rich
               | or poor, but that logic isn't entirely specious. If your
               | car spends weeks at a time in the shop, and you need it
               | to get around, it's a false economy to keep fixing it
               | instead of buying one that is reliable.
        
               | whatever1 wrote:
               | But you don't know it when you are in the process of
               | fixing an old car. You pay $1000 and you think that you
               | will be good for a couple of years. The reality is that
               | after a couple of months you will probably need to fix
               | something else. Flush and repeat.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Oh, after a couple goes at it you figure it out.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | https://www.moaa.org/content/publications-and-media/news-art...
        
         | wiredfool wrote:
         | The reason that this is different than what you might expect
         | from a free market approach is that part of the "being in the
         | military" is a host of new rules that have the force of law,
         | and one of these is to not default on loans. If you do, and
         | your CO gets a call, then you're in for a bad time.
        
           | cheschire wrote:
           | Well the existence of rules in itself does not justify more
           | rules. That's just bureaucracy. But I think what you're
           | driving at is there are rules in place for military folks
           | designed to keep them from becoming targets of manipulation,
           | keep them from making poor household decisions that would
           | distract them from regulatory tasks, etc.
           | 
           | I don't imagine there are many protections for active duty
           | folks that are designed purely to protect the individual. I
           | suspect the primary motivation to get most of these types of
           | laws passed is to protect the government.
        
             | mpyne wrote:
             | > I don't imagine there are many protections for active
             | duty folks that are designed purely to protect the
             | individual.
             | 
             | On the contrary, for reasons political ('everyone loves the
             | troops'), administrative (Congress in many ways writes the
             | 'Employee Handbook' for military personnel), and logistical
             | (the military is _heavily_ made up of people straight out
             | of high school), there are several protections in law
             | designed to protect military on active duty.
             | 
             | We can cancel leases with landlords with nothing more than
             | valid assignment orders, at any time. We can vote in
             | elections using the easiest process there is, including
             | instant registration and the ability to fax the vote over.
             | And, yes, there are restrictions on lending to those on
             | active duty to try to keep us out of trouble.
             | 
             | Even though active duty personnel _do_ make convenient
             | targets of political affection, it 's not all done out of a
             | sense to protect the individual. Active duty personnel have
             | clearances, access to government facilities, and so on.
             | Protecting them from getting into stupid situations is to
             | the government's benefit.
             | 
             | But that all said, we get a lot of protections that exceed
             | what the government deems necessary for its benefit. Just
             | look at the differential treatment provided to military and
             | government civilians (who also have clearances, access, etc
             | etc) if you want to see.
        
             | 8note wrote:
             | I'm guessing that it's to ensure their loyalty, and the
             | loan can't be paid off by them doing something bad for the
             | military?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | wiredfool wrote:
             | No, I didn't go into the multiple levels of chesterton's
             | fence.
             | 
             | I pointed out how the risk is different than the assumed
             | free for all that is the free market. I will not
             | potentially get thrown in the brig for defaulting on a
             | payment. A private could be.
        
         | 0xB31B1B wrote:
         | The issue with low APRs on high risk short term debt for
         | consumers that need it is that it generally makes it expensive
         | to issue the debt almost regardless of the risk of the person.
         | 
         | Hypothetically if you need a $700 payday advance today, paid
         | back in 2 weeks when you are paid, a credit card level (25%
         | apr) would be an extremely small amount of money paid to the
         | servicer (like 7 dollars total).
        
         | specialp wrote:
         | It is because that is the violation they can hit them with from
         | a federal level. Usury laws are the domain of states.
        
         | jlawer wrote:
         | More then 36% APR for anything more then a fraction of your
         | weekly / monthly salary is likely to be crippling for most
         | people and predatory. I can understand higher rates for very
         | short term debts (i.e. a payday loan where the entire thing
         | should be paid off in 1 month, but these lenders often try and
         | have people turn over the principle into new loans).
         | 
         | IF someone's credit won't support a 20% interest rate then I
         | don't think they should be leant money in the traditional
         | sense. Either the purchase isn't required (in which case it
         | shouldn't happen), or if its essential they should be supported
         | by mechanisms to get people out of debt. Governments can make
         | low value loans available to help here. In Australia, your
         | entitled to a loan if your on benefits (centrelink) in which
         | repayments are deducted from your welfare payments but charged
         | no interest.
        
           | KingMachiavelli wrote:
           | Depends on how many future benefits/welfare payments you can
           | get be loaned/played early. Seems like eventually people
           | would max out that option and then need some other source of
           | loans.
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | If the services are truly essential and basic and the
           | government is stepping in, I think it's worth asking if we
           | need to be bothering with repayment at all.
        
         | _jal wrote:
         | > Why aren't these extended to credit consumers in general
         | 
         | Take your pick:
         | 
         | - Finance companies have effective lobbyists.
         | 
         | - Americans demand All The Freedoms. (Except for those
         | freedoms.)
        
           | hellojesus wrote:
           | Of course we do! Even the military covered bit is nonsense.
           | 
           | Americans do not take kindly to voluntary transaction
           | meddling by the government because who is the government to
           | say what two private parties agree on so long as it does not
           | infringe on the rights of others?
        
             | eropple wrote:
             | Believe it or not, the social part of our society finds
             | there to be something coercive about Hobson's choices.
             | Something about people not existing purely to be grist for
             | your ideological mill? Shocking, I know, but, well, it is
             | what it is.
             | 
             | That social part of our society has cottoned onto the idea
             | that for the poor among us the game is rigged--and that it
             | is not merely rigged but it is being played such that the
             | information necessary to _know about the choices to get out
             | of it_ show up far too late to be of use, or not at all.
             | 
             | And while that is speaking of a just government, and ours
             | is frequently unjust--sometimes it gets something right.
        
               | hellojesus wrote:
               | If this service existed in an extortionary way, why isn't
               | there competition that undercuts the 36% rate? Perhaps
               | it's because such high rates are necessary to make the
               | business profitable at all.
               | 
               | While the government _thinks_ they just saved people from
               | an evil corporation, all they 've done is completely
               | prohibit such customers from acquiring loans.
               | 
               | If there is opportunity for arbitrage, you or I or anyone
               | could step in and create a seemingly profitable business
               | while also providing a social benefit.
               | 
               | The moral hazard introduced by the government is the
               | issue.
        
               | ggrrhh_ta wrote:
               | > Perhaps it's because such high rates are necessary to
               | make the business profitable at all.
               | 
               | It could also be that undercutting that 36% rate does not
               | make you _competitive_ (instead of profitable) against
               | less scrupulous actors (they can advertise more and lobby
               | more; convincing society that they are necessary). Also,
               | it is a kind of business that has a very very high
               | barriers to entry (enormous amounts of capital,
               | regulatory, etc.).
               | 
               | Competition alone can not solve profitable abuse
               | (particularly on those with no options). The less
               | scrupulous you are the more you can abuse, the more you
               | can profit, and the more you drive your competition to
               | implement your practices. The only limit is that fine-
               | tuned equilibrium of casinos: only constrained to the
               | point that allows the larger proportions of your
               | customers just get by earning & spending (as long as
               | minimizing the ones that get under the bus does not
               | reduce the income generated by the majority kept at
               | equilibrium).
        
               | hellojesus wrote:
               | > It could also be that undercutting that 36% rate does
               | not make you competitive (instead of profitable) against
               | less scrupulous actors (they can advertise more and lobby
               | more; convincing society that they are necessary).
               | 
               | This is still consistent with profitability. If you're
               | not competitive, you can't earn customers. Businesses are
               | thought to set prices at the level where the margin cost
               | of acquiring a new customer is 0.
               | 
               | However, if you could find a more efficient way to
               | deliver value, reduce costs, etc. you could do so and
               | flourish at a price lower than your competition.
               | 
               | > Also, it is a kind of business that has a very very
               | high barriers to entry (enormous amounts of capital,
               | regulatory, etc.).
               | 
               | Part of the barriers to entry are exactly the regulatory
               | hurdles in place, which are totally unnecessary in my
               | opinion.
               | 
               | Two parties could draft a contract and sign it
               | voluntarily, without government oversight, and petition
               | the courts if any grievances occurr. Keeps government out
               | and lowers costs, likely lowering the necessary apr
               | charged.
               | 
               | > Competition alone can not solve profitable abuse
               | (particularly on those with no options).
               | 
               | This completely violates the idea of a market economy.
               | There are laws against collusion to fix prices. Such laws
               | exist precisely because competition is the mechanism to
               | prevent abuse.
               | 
               | > The only limit is that fine-tuned equilibrium of
               | casinos: only constrained to the point that allows the
               | larger proportions of your customers just get by earning
               | & spending.
               | 
               | While true, this is still not a problem. People are
               | voluntarily transacting at the casino. It's not for a 3rd
               | party to determine if they can or cannot give it a shot
               | to get under the bus.
        
               | ggrrhh_ta wrote:
               | I understand the foundation of your reasoning; boiling
               | down liberty to the freedom of self harm. Mill was a lot
               | more nuanced.
        
             | Talanes wrote:
             | I've never gotten a loan that wasn't from a "person" that
             | only exists as a government-sanctioned construct. I'm all
             | for natural rights for natural people, but corporate
             | entities are creatures of law, not nature.
        
               | hellojesus wrote:
               | It's still a voluntary transaction.
               | 
               | Would you be opposed to a sole proprietor offering loans
               | at 200% apr?
        
               | aj7 wrote:
               | Backed by guns, no doubt.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | Those loans wouldn't really exist because of the free
               | market.
               | 
               | The people who are going to take those loans because they
               | can't get one at 150|100|50|whatever% are going to have a
               | huge challenge, if they are even (blood from a stone)
               | able to.
               | 
               | And while you as the lender may "enforce" repayment with
               | guns and violence, you can only hurt someone so much, and
               | the dead don't repay loans. You can't visit that violence
               | on family and friends, because that is a crime, even if
               | in the most wild west environment you're being allowed to
               | enforce repayment from the lendee with violence. And in
               | the end, while beating the shit out of someone delinquent
               | may be psychologically satisfying to your psycopathic or
               | sadistic ways, you're still out your principal.
               | 
               | The wise lenders will rapidly find the sweet spot between
               | repayment and default.
        
             | engineeringwoke wrote:
             | What about meddling in USD transactions across the globe?
             | Did they get that part right?
        
               | ethanbond wrote:
               | Yes I like that autocratic regimes, terrorist groups, and
               | rogue states have a very hard time financing their
               | operations. The meddling is certainly not perfect and not
               | without collateral damage, but yeah I think most
               | Americans are probably pretty okay with that.
               | 
               | Awfully suspect that people start coming out of the
               | woodwork with arguments from "principle" coincidentally
               | with them having a vested economic interest in a weak
               | dollar/weak state generally (or at least _thinking_ they
               | have interests in those things).
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | engineeringwoke wrote:
               | Why do you believe any of that marketing? Rogue states?
               | Terrorist groups? It's about power. If the US government
               | cared about its people, then there would be real
               | regulation to protect them. There isn't any because it's
               | profitable to exploit them, not because of any
               | libertarian ideal.
               | 
               | Meddling in the affairs of any corporation that handles
               | just a single US dollar transaction is the opposite of
               | interpersonal freedom. I am not sure how you can get this
               | far into thinking about the subject while holding such a
               | bizarrely cognitively dissonant belief.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | Federal government has limited purview of its citizens, but can
         | more easily regulate the people in the military and
         | interactions with them.
         | 
         | As it derives its power from the delegates of the states, it
         | has to appease them even if it has the power to regulate all
         | facets of life. So there isn't a law for all people as not
         | enough delegates can stomach that, but for the military its
         | easy.
        
           | jhgb wrote:
           | > but can more easily regulate the people in the military and
           | interactions with them
           | 
           | I always found it amusing how the "patriots" worshipping the
           | military are pretty much the same people who hate any kind of
           | government intervention in their lives.
        
             | int_19h wrote:
             | I find it more amusing that the same people also worship
             | the _police_ ( "thin blue line" etc), despite the fact that
             | cops are literally the very people who implement day-to-day
             | government intervention in their lives.
             | 
             | It gets even weirder when the same person also rants about
             | the federal (FBI, BATFE, DEA etc) "jack-booted thugs". This
             | is incredibly common in the right-wing gun owner community.
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | I'm reminded of the common quip that the US military is the
             | largest socialist organization in the United States.
        
               | kodah wrote:
               | This is actually one of the things I like to highlight to
               | folks that talk a little-too-gleefully about socialism.
               | The military _implements_ socialism for convenience and
               | cost effectiveness. The result is atrocious. This was in
               | Camp Lejeune, NC.
               | 
               | I almost never got adequate medical care. The medical
               | system was strange and winding. There were all kinds of
               | approvals needed for very simple things.
               | 
               | The food standards were absolutely terrible. I don't know
               | if it was an actual thing, but I was told there was a
               | threshold for the number of roaches that could be present
               | on food dispensing equipment before they'd throw the food
               | out.
               | 
               | The housing was disgusting. I lived in a barracks built
               | in 1945 with inadequate parking, sewage that once popped
               | a goldfish into a toilet bowl, water that occasionally
               | would turn totally brown or yellow and is now known to
               | have made people sick. There was a door to the interior
               | of the building where ducts, pipes, and internet were run
               | that _all_ contained asbestos and asbestos warnings.
               | 
               | The worst part, you had no option to say, "Give me the
               | dollar amount you spend on this so I can find my own
               | options" but they'll gladly tell you what they spent at
               | an inflated rate.
               | 
               | These are just the ones off the top of my head.
        
               | jessaustin wrote:
               | Your experiences are meaningful to you, but they don't
               | indicate anything significant about socialism. Socialism
               | is not the goal of USA military. The point of the
               | exercise is to transfer resources from citizens to
               | armaments manufacturers. Who lives or dies, how they're
               | treated in the meantime, the stories we tell about the
               | whole mess, all this is random noise about which the
               | generals DGAF. If we want to know about socialism, we'll
               | observe Scandinavia or anywhere else where it actually
               | happens. We don't need the tortured analogies of
               | frustrated NCOs.
               | 
               | I'm not a socialist, BTW.
        
               | kodah wrote:
               | I don't think it's entirely accurate to say "ignore this
               | evidence of a failed system". My point in highlighting it
               | is there's an opportunity to fix it and experiment on a
               | small scale. Imagine if you made that system work, how
               | much you'd learn, and how much support you'd garner.
        
               | jessaustin wrote:
               | You only consider USA military to be a "failed system"
               | because you don't realize its actual purpose. One might
               | imagine that it's about security... which, sure, total
               | failure on that front. The actual purpose, as indicated
               | above, is to transfer resources from USA citizens to
               | armaments manufacturers, a purpose that is accomplished
               | to greater degrees every year. Taking good care of the
               | troops would _detract_ from the goal, which is why that
               | doesn 't happen.
        
               | kodah wrote:
               | Eh, what?
        
               | lapetitejort wrote:
               | On the flip side, the military also has Bethesda Naval
               | Hospital and Walter Reed Medical Center (both who
               | regularly treat the President, such as when Trump had
               | covid), life insurance, TSGLI, G.I. Bill (free plus
               | monthly stipend), lifetime disability, Tricare, VA home
               | loans, among others. I know people who lived in brand new
               | barracks with keycards. People who lived in air
               | conditioned pods in the middle of the desert with four
               | square meals a day.
               | 
               | Sounds like you had a bad experience and things could
               | certainly improve. The military won't always offer a
               | stellar experience, and Marines are often rough with
               | their surroundings. Just ask people deployed to Iraq and
               | Afghanistan.
        
               | aidenn0 wrote:
               | I have heard similar stories from all members of my
               | family that served in the military. Their experiences
               | with healthcare in the military have essentially
               | guaranteed they will never get behind a single-payer
               | health-care system.
        
               | kodah wrote:
               | I think it's possible. I existed in that system and am at
               | times still bound to it when dealing with the VA. I think
               | my attitude is more, "go fix the system you already have
               | to experiment with."
        
               | jhgb wrote:
               | The results you describe sound very much like pre-1989
               | Czechoslovakia to me. I guess they actually _did_ achieve
               | socialism! :)
        
               | kodah wrote:
               | They do achieve socialism, without a doubt.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | > I almost never got adequate medical care. The medical
               | system was strange and winding. There were all kinds of
               | approvals needed for very simple things.
               | 
               | The military implements socialism _poorly_.
               | 
               | By contrast, when I had a horrific gout flareup in
               | Australia, there was no approvals needed to admit me for
               | a nine day inpatient stay with rheumatologist, PT, etc.
               | 
               | I am getting surgery on a heavily deviated septum, in the
               | US. It shows up on imaging so notably that even when I
               | had a head CT for something completely else, the
               | radiologist flagged it as being of note. When I went to
               | an ENT, he confirmed a "90%+" occlusion that would need
               | septoplasty and a bilateral turbinate reduction to
               | relieve. He talked me through the pros and cons of
               | surgery for informed consent purposes.
               | 
               | "I'm fine with all of that, let's schedule."
               | 
               | "So, no. Not yet. First I'm going to give you these two
               | nasal sprays for six weeks, that you'll take and come
               | back and tell me didn't resolve your issue, and _then_ we
               | can schedule. That way your insurance won't reject it."
               | 
               | I had to spend $180 on two nasal sprays that, according
               | to my insurer, may have resolved a cartilage issue in my
               | nose.
               | 
               | i.e. 1) the non-socialist system in the US also requires
               | all kinds of approvals (I'm also a paramedic - UHC years
               | ago got fined for denying Heli EMS coverage for people
               | involved in among other things, car accidents, for "lack
               | of preapproval"), and 2) "socialist" systems in other
               | countries don't require all kinds of approvals - that
               | isn't an inherent aspect of the socialism.
        
               | rjbwork wrote:
               | Not really socialist. It's just a giant imperial jobs
               | program that also provides cover for channeling tax
               | dollars into the coffers of the donor class.
        
               | MandieD wrote:
               | A socialist meritocracy.
        
           | kodah wrote:
           | > Federal government has limited purview of its citizens, but
           | can more easily regulate the people in the military and
           | interactions with them.
           | 
           | Congress passes these protections, the military just lobbies
           | for them internally because they cause problems with the
           | operations of the military. Some things I saw a lot:
           | 
           | - A Private, PFC, or Lance Corporal who lives in the barracks
           | (therefore has the most straight-forward pay with little
           | extra incentives) [1] gets approved for a car loan on a used
           | car at 20%+ APR or credit cards which revolve into 20%+ APR
           | with caps well above their means. When they can't pay they
           | will attempt to contact the chain of command and pressure the
           | military into intervening. Eventually they'll settle, the car
           | or items get returned, the Marine gets busted down, and then
           | they go on to do the _same_ thing all over again with the
           | _same_ car.
           | 
           | - Lending services know that military are fixed income and
           | that they are also low income, and will therefore shop
           | predatory rates to them as a means of "refinancing". Really,
           | it's debt consolidation because military members also have a
           | high rate of divorce and debt.
           | 
           | - Banks will attempt to repossess homes while military
           | members are on deployment and cannot access internet or
           | financial services. Also happens to reservists who are
           | without their primary income and are deployed.
           | (ServiceMembers Civil Relief Act) [2]
           | 
           | Military just face some very unique situations, but a lot of
           | it derives from the fact that we pay enlisted personnel (the
           | greatest in number) dirt for their trade.
           | 
           | [1]: Note, these are pre-tax:
           | https://militarybenefits.info/2021-military-pay-charts/
           | 
           | [2]: https://www.texasbar.com/flashdrive/materials/military_l
           | aw/M...
        
             | RicoElectrico wrote:
             | > When they can't pay they will attempt to contact the
             | chain of command and pressure the military into intervening
             | 
             | What logic does this follow? Like, why would I ask my
             | employer to intervene if I have taken some loan with bad
             | conditions?
        
               | kodah wrote:
               | I worded that poorly, sorry. Businesses will contact the
               | troops chain of command.
               | 
               | The military exercises a lot influence over troops, they
               | can bust you down or remove your security clearance. They
               | can also push you into payment plans and reflect these
               | situations in your performance reviews. The military, for
               | all intents and purposes, acts as much more than just a
               | simple employer and lending services (among other
               | businesses and people) exploit that.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | The military provides your clothes, your housing, your
               | food, your laundry, your transport, your healthcare, and
               | your chaplain. They can control your schedule 24 hours a
               | day, decide who you're allowed to call or write to and
               | what you're allowed to say, and decide what electric
               | appliances you're allowed in your quarters. They can
               | change your place of work to a foreign country, prevent
               | you from resigning, and even literally have you
               | imprisoned or executed.
               | 
               | While in some regards the military is like an employer,
               | in other regards it's very different.
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > This might be too low for some high risk customers to be able
         | to get credit at all.
         | 
         | We're living in near-zero interest rate land. 36% is usury,
         | even 20% is that.
         | 
         | Maybe the US should not only put a hard cap for _any_ kind of
         | loan at FED interest rate + 10%, but also force through an
         | actual livable minimum wage so even the poorest classes don 't
         | have to choose between ridiculously expensive credit card debt
         | or starving/dying because they can't afford healthcare.
        
       | tw04 wrote:
       | >A central component of LendUp's marketing and brand identity was
       | the "LendUp Ladder." LendUp told consumers that by repaying loans
       | on time and taking free courses offered through its website,
       | consumers would move up the "LendUp Ladder" and, in turn, receive
       | lower interest rates on future loans and access to larger loan
       | amounts. As alleged in the complaint, in reality, as tens of
       | thousands of LendUp's customers climbed the "LendUp Ladder," they
       | failed to qualify for larger loan amounts and continued to be
       | offered similar or higher interest rates compared to previous
       | loans.
       | 
       | While the initial founding direction seems well intentioned, it
       | sounds like they were scamming customers, or unable to actually
       | follow-through on the promise to consumers. Glad the regulators
       | are actually enforcing some of the rules.
        
         | polygotdomain wrote:
         | While it does seem like a scam, I think the "following through"
         | aspect was doomed from a business perspective. Credit, and
         | therefore rates, is based on a consumer's history, not their
         | knowledge. While poor financial decisions can certainly be
         | chalked up to not knowing any better, knowledge of what you
         | should do goes out the door when there's bills to pay and not
         | enough money to cover them all.
         | 
         | Remember, LendUp is likely just a middle man and marketer; it's
         | facilitating the loan, not doing the actual underwriting (and
         | therefore rate setting). Following through would mean exposing
         | the business to risk that customers, in spite of climbing their
         | made up ladder, still made payments. Considering the other
         | shady stuff that this thread is talking about, it doesn't
         | surprise me that they didn't choose to take on that risk.
         | 
         | Of course the irony in all of this is that the very thing that
         | would've prevented customers from making the right choice even
         | though they were gaining financial knowledge is the loans that
         | LendUp was handing out. I wonder if the pitfalls of payday
         | loans was part of that knowledge track. I doubt it.
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | I suppose in theory, in the very long run, improving one's
           | credit by paying off loans in a timely fashion could lead to
           | that result eventually.
        
           | tw04 wrote:
           | > Credit, and therefore rates, is based on a consumer's
           | history, not their knowledge.
           | 
           | But their entire premise was that they weren't simply going
           | to use existing credit scores.
           | 
           | > Remember, LendUp is likely just a middle man and marketer;
           | it's facilitating the loan, not doing the actual underwriting
           | (and therefore rate setting).
           | 
           | Over $350m to be a middle man for small loans seems like an
           | absurd amount of funding. I assumed and hope all that cash
           | was because they're actually lending directly.
        
             | Closi wrote:
             | > I assumed and hope all that cash was because they're
             | actually lending directly.
             | 
             | It's not typical that you lend your own money out, and
             | banking 101 is usually that you borrow money from one
             | person (E.g. someone who has a bank account with you that
             | you pay interest) to lend it to another at a premium (and
             | you get the profit between those two figures in return for
             | holding the risk if there is a default).
             | 
             | Investors will typically expect a much higher return on
             | their own funds than the loan APR (unless the APR is eye
             | wateringly high).
             | 
             | Edit: Apologies I stand corrected - I've just looked at the
             | internet archive and it shows rates of up to 1825% APR.
             | These loans are definitely predatory and so could have been
             | done directly from the capital. Not surprised they got shut
             | down, similar companies operating in the UK got shut down
             | years ago and pretty much everyone is better off for it.
             | It's a hugely predatory industry.
        
               | garmaine wrote:
               | > I've just looked at the internet archive and it shows
               | rates of up to 1825% APR. These loans are definitely
               | predatory and so could have been done directly from the
               | capital. Not surprised they got shut down, similar
               | companies operating in the UK got shut down years ago and
               | pretty much everyone is better off for it. It's a hugely
               | predatory industry.
               | 
               | It is a hugely predatory industry that ought to be shut
               | down. Unfortunately the "payday loan" industry is still
               | 100% legal here in the USA :( It looks like LendUp got
               | shut down for the misleading marketing about their evil
               | lending practices, and not the fact that it was evil in
               | the first place.
        
               | CaptainZapp wrote:
               | > I've just looked at the internet archive and it shows
               | rates of up to 1825% APR
               | 
               | Sheesh, APR on loans in Switzerland - Not exactly known
               | as a socialist hell hole - are capped by law at 15%.
               | 
               | Anything above this is usury and a criminal offence.
        
               | Closi wrote:
               | The UK is similar, but splits it across two rules (which
               | allow for higher interest loans but cap the potential
               | impact):
               | 
               | * Interest must not exceed 0.8% per day.
               | 
               | * The total cost of any loan must not exceed 100% of the
               | original loan amount.
               | 
               | (NB: This is only for consumer loans, commercial loans do
               | not have a cap.)
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | I wouldn't be surprised if it's a scam. I also wouldn't be
         | surprised if it was all wishful thinking and their attempt to
         | bypass traditional risk models was just a failure.
        
       | outside1234 wrote:
       | Just wait until they shut all of A16z's crypto startups down...
        
       | darkstar999 wrote:
       | And they weren't even taken down for being a loan shark, where
       | they can make over 600% interest in some states.
       | 
       | https://www.cnbc.com/2021/02/16/map-shows-typical-payday-loa...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | pc86 wrote:
         | Is it really fair to calculate an _annual_ interest rate when
         | the loan term in question 14 days (literally one payday)?
         | 
         | I'm not defending payday loans but it seems like an
         | intentionally skewed comparison when you're looking at
         | installment loans of terms in the years or something revolving
         | like a credit card.
        
           | nlh wrote:
           | I'm going to disagree with the sibling responses here and
           | agree with your premise - I actually think in some cases it's
           | not fair to calculate APR for short term, low value loans.
           | Here's why: There's a transaction cost with making a loan -
           | paperwork, time, etc., and in many cases that transaction
           | cost doesn't scale with the loan size.
           | 
           | Example to illustrate: Let's say I ask you for a personal
           | loan. If I need $100,000 and I want to pay you back over a
           | few years, let's say you charge me 5% APR. You write me a
           | check and you can roughly count on the fact that I'm going to
           | pay you ~$5,000 a year for the service. I get the money I
           | need, you make a nice return, we're both happy.
           | 
           | Now let's say I need $100 for a week. If you charged me the
           | same 5% APR, that means I pay you back about $100.096 next
           | week. Is it worth it? Pretty good deal for me - I'm happy to
           | get a week's usage of $100 and it only cost me a dime. Pretty
           | bad deal for you - and in fact, I expect you wouldn't want to
           | even do the deal. Not worth the risk!
           | 
           | So what do you charge me? What's it worth to hand me a $100
           | and hope you'll get it back in a week? $1? Still pretty low -
           | and that's 52% APR! $5? Getting closer - now you can buy a
           | beer or two at the bar next week. But that's 260%! $10? Now
           | we're at 520% APR.
           | 
           | It doesn't really scale at low numbers.
        
             | wbc wrote:
             | these amounts (10, 50, 100, w/e) are being lent on a minute
             | by minute basis and are paid back in a week:
             | 
             | https://www.kucoin.com/margin/lend/USDT
             | 
             | USD transaction cost might be too high if the technology
             | doesn't exist
        
             | simplestats wrote:
             | I agree that one single metric like APR is not sufficient
             | to compare all possible cases of lending without making
             | some options to look worse than they really are.
             | 
             | But if you were a safe enough borrower to even get a $100k
             | loan, then you're sfe to loan $100 to for a tiny return
             | also. Payday loans probably tend to be for people who can't
             | get better loans of any size.
        
           | AlexandrB wrote:
           | APR is the financial equivalent of those labels in the
           | grocery store that give price/100g (or price/oz if you
           | prefer). It allows you to compare the cost of borrowing money
           | across a range of products regardless of a loan's duration,
           | compounding frequency, or non-interest fees. So yes, it's
           | very fair.
        
             | tzs wrote:
             | A $100 loan that I have to pay back the next day for $101
             | has an APR of 365%.
             | 
             | A $100 that I don't have to pay back until one year later
             | for $200 has an APR of 100%.
             | 
             | I fail to see how APR is useful in any way whatsoever when
             | comparing those two loans.
        
               | halpert wrote:
               | Unless you're entering an agreement where you MUST wait a
               | year before paying the second loan off, it absolutely
               | makes sense to compare the APR of those two loans. If you
               | could pay the second loan after a day, you would save
               | money.
        
             | ahmedfromtunis wrote:
             | Not the OP but I always fail to see how this is useful in
             | the real world (I'm sure you already guessed I'm no
             | financial guru).
             | 
             | Can someone please explain why isn't this akin to comparing
             | the price of a gallon of water to that of printer ink and
             | then thinking: "hmm, the water is way cheaper. I'll take a
             | dozen of bottles, yet I'll be spending less."?
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | The point is to have an equal point of comparison (APR or
               | gallon or 100ml or whatever), so that the vendor can't
               | trick you with numbers - e.g. a bottle of Fanta is 3
               | bolivars, a bottle of Sprite 3.5 bolivars, but the first
               | one is 85ml, the second one 100ml. Most people wouldn't
               | be able to do the math even if they immediately notice
               | the difference in size/quantity.
               | 
               | Same thing with interest. Unless it's normalised ( in a
               | yearly equivalent), it's _very_ hard to know how
               | expensive the loan will be. That 's why in France it's
               | mandatory when advertising loans to state the yearly
               | interest rate and the total amount paid in the end, just
               | to be clear what you're getting into.
        
               | AlexandrB wrote:
               | I gave an example in another comment:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29656265
               | 
               | Because the thing you're buying is short term, unsecured
               | credit, it's generally pretty fungible. Regardless of the
               | credit product - payday loan, credit card, line of
               | credit, or something else - what you're paying for is
               | immediate access to money. And in most cases, these
               | products allow you to borrow as much (or as little) as
               | you want - so you're not going to "overborrow". This is
               | more like comparing the cost of buying 30L of water in
               | 330ml containers for $2/ea vs. in 481ml containers for
               | $3/ea except the math for compound interest is harder to
               | do correctly.
        
           | Karunamon wrote:
           | It is not fair, nor is it reasonable. It's about as useful a
           | metric as the weather forecast being provided in degrees
           | kelvin.
           | 
           | As someone that's had their ass saved by payday loans a
           | couple times, I'll gladly defend them every day of the week
           | and twice Sunday. At no point was I ever unclear about
           | payback schedules, the cost of the financing, penalties, any
           | of it, and neither is anyone else with the financial literacy
           | to have a bank account, a job, and regular
           | paychecks/deposits, all of which are a requirement from your
           | average lender.
        
             | AlexandrB wrote:
             | You need to borrow $200 for 60 days. Is it cheaper to do so
             | for a flat $10 fee on repayment or by using a credit card
             | with an APR of 20% (compounded monthly)?
             | 
             | I can't do the math to answer this question in my head. I
             | suspect you can't either. The point of normalizing the cost
             | of borrowing money to an APR is so that a consumer can make
             | this decision without having to solve exponential
             | equations.
        
               | Karunamon wrote:
               | If I had a credit card with a limit large enough for the
               | need, I wouldn't be even thinking about payday loans in
               | the first place.
               | 
               | This hypothetical doesn't happen in the real world;
               | there's no time where even the most awful subprime credit
               | card (even at cash advance rates!) will be cheaper than a
               | payday loan.
               | 
               | Its usefulness as a metric for a loan intended to be held
               | for a couple of weeks to a month is very limited. Maybe
               | when shopping across short-term lenders, but at that
               | point, it's more intuitive to think in terms of how much
               | the fee is in absolute terms.
        
           | dragontamer wrote:
           | > Is it really fair to calculate an annual interest rate when
           | the loan term in question 14 days (literally one payday)?
           | 
           | Yes. Because annual interest rates are the standard of this
           | country. That means you compare the interest rates apples-to-
           | apples.
           | 
           | My credit card is 13% annual rate, even if I only ever borrow
           | money for 30-days at the max. Comparing this platform vs my
           | credit card on an apples-to-apples basis (APY) is just fair.
        
             | emodendroket wrote:
             | In the case of the credit card you don't ever have to pay
             | any interest if you pay within 30 days; can't say that for
             | the payday loans.
        
               | AlexandrB wrote:
               | That's only true if you're using your credit card to buy
               | stuff. If you withdraw cash from your credit card at an
               | ATM you start accruing interest immediately; at least on
               | every credit card I've ever owned.
        
               | simplestats wrote:
               | Yeah but the point of withdrawing cash is to buy stuff.
               | 
               | Credit card checks can also be used in many cases where
               | credit cards cannot, and those don't always have the fee
               | or immediate interest of cash advances.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | You're right. Cash advances are generally not on very
               | favorable terms.
        
           | joe-collins wrote:
           | If you shy away from defending payday loans, you may be aware
           | of how easily those loans can "get away" from their
           | financially-unstable borrowers and turn into longer-term cash
           | sinks. In light of that, how is it _not_ fair to consider the
           | interest rate over a longer period?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
           | Yes, it's a standard measure so you can easily compare
           | interest rates.
           | 
           | Why shouldn't consumers be able to easily compare rates other
           | than making it easier to mislead them? Arguably not proving
           | an APR is an "intentionally skewed comparison."
        
       | sandofsky wrote:
       | They don't spell it out in the press release, but the 2016
       | settlement included a $3.63 Million fine.
       | https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/newsroom/lendup-enf...
       | 
       | According to Crunchbase, LendUp has $361M in funding. Maybe they
       | thought that a few million here and there is a drop in the
       | bucket, and they stand to lose more if reforming themselves
       | impacts growth. Turns out you have more to worry about than
       | escalating fines.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | Yeah, CFPB is one of the newest, or maybe the newest, federal
         | agency. The other consumer protection agencies (FTC) lack
         | teeth. So it is a decent gamble to test the authority.
         | 
         | Of course they could just stop the predatory practices, but
         | lets not be _crazy_ here.
        
         | veltas wrote:
         | It seemed to me like the business is having financial trouble
         | and cannot pay a fine like last time, so has to be penalized in
         | another fashion, maybe I'm misreading it.
         | 
         | > The order would also impose a $100,000 civil money penalty
         | based on LendUp's demonstrated inability to pay.
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > It seemed to me like the business is having financial
           | trouble
           | 
           | They were ordered to pay $1.2 million in fines and
           | restitution for the military lending violations earlier this
           | year, and ordered not to collect (or sell or assign) on a
           | bunch of those illegal loans, plus the new case has them
           | prohibited from making any new loans _and_ from collecting
           | (selling /assigning) on a large share of their remaining
           | outstanding loans.
           | 
           | So, yeah, they are having financial problems.
        
       | ConcernedCoder wrote:
       | I'm always amazed at the sheer magnitude of crimes commited by
       | "businesses" with nothing but an eventual fine(s) as a slap on
       | the wrist... Individuals are routinely dragged off to jail for
       | doing much less to the public, if they're lucky enough not to be
       | choked in the street until dead...
        
         | ComputerGuru wrote:
         | But that didn't happen here?
        
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