[HN Gopher] When Aldous Huxley opened the doors of perception
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       When Aldous Huxley opened the doors of perception
        
       Author : benbreen
       Score  : 79 points
       Date   : 2021-12-20 23:18 UTC (23 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (thereader.mitpress.mit.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (thereader.mitpress.mit.edu)
        
       | netcan wrote:
       | I think it's hard to understand a public discourse from that long
       | ago. From here, most of it seems like cliche contest, but that's
       | because the debates _became_ cliched in the proceeding decades.
       | In many sense, Huxley pioneered it.
       | 
       | In any case, I think it is unquestionable that the mid century
       | psychedelic renaissance was impactful. It's not possible to prove
       | that ideas in music, art, philosophy and such could not have come
       | into existence without lsd, mescaline or whatnot. But, enough
       | people like Huxley credit psychedelics that I'm strongly prone to
       | agree.
       | 
       | The world would have been different without psychedelics, perhaps
       | even without Doors of Perception.
        
         | jancsika wrote:
         | > But, enough people like Huxley credit psychedelics that I'm
         | strongly prone to agree.
         | 
         | I think it's more likely that artists like Kubrick and Ligeti
         | did not use psychedelics to create works that were greatly
         | enjoyed by people who use psychedelics.
        
       | mwattsun wrote:
       | If you're interested in the confluence of psychedelics and the
       | digital age, I can't say enough good things about "What the
       | Dormouse Said: How the Sixties Counterculture Shaped the Personal
       | Computer Industry" by John Markoff. For further exploration,
       | Markoff's book prompted me to recently purchase "Seattle Mystic
       | Alfred M. Hubbard: Inventor, Bootlegger and Psychedelic Pioneer"
       | by Brad Holden [2]. I haven't read it yet, but apparently Hubbard
       | was the pre-60's Johnny Appleseed of LSD in Silicon Valley.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.google.com/books/edition/What_the_Dormouse_Said/...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467148061
        
         | SilasX wrote:
         | You also might like Black Mirror: Bandersnatch, an interactive
         | fiction involving the intersection of early computer
         | programming, insanity, and psychedelics.
         | 
         | 'A bit of madness is what you need, and that works best when
         | it's one mind.'
         | 
         | "Alright, Timothy Leary, we'll debate The Doors of Perception
         | later."
         | 
         | 'That was Huxley, not Leary.'
        
           | mwattsun wrote:
           | Thanks! That looks really interesting. It's in my queue (Next
           | up is Ready Player One)
        
             | dv35z wrote:
             | (passerby guy shouting offscreen) Watch Bandersnatch first!
        
       | heurisko wrote:
       | > If the doors of perception were cleansed every thing would
       | appear to man as it is, Infinite.
       | 
       | - William Blake
       | 
       | I don't know of any evidence he experimented with drugs, however
       | he was influenced by the Swedenborgian and Moravian sects of
       | London who espoused a spiritual sexuality, which Blake called
       | "Beulah" in his mythology.
       | 
       | The "doors of perception" for Blake were rather his idea that the
       | world exists as human imagination "Jerusalem", and for him the
       | Fall was the fall from this state through the creation of the
       | physical world, as referenced in the next part of the quote
       | 
       | > For man has closed himself up, till he sees all things thro'
       | narrow chinks of his cavern.
       | 
       | As now in our fallen state we can only perceive parts of the
       | infinite through our senses.
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | This is a rather utopian take:
       | 
       | > Mescaline was "not yet the ideal drug." Huxley noted that
       | "along with the happily transfigured majority of mescaline takers
       | there is a minority that finds in the drug only hell or
       | purgatory." However, he was confident that modern chemistry and
       | physiology were capable of achieving practically anything "if the
       | psychologists and sociologists will define the idea."
       | 
       | A strictly utilitarian view of psychedelics outside the currently
       | popular area of 'treating depression and other psychological
       | disorders' is that they are useful for helping people who
       | struggle with geometry enhance their 3D visualization skills, and
       | for teaching classically trained musicians how to improvise over
       | a chord progression, and so on.
       | 
       | As far as the 60s 'psychedelic revolution' it's rather overblown
       | in my opinion. The acid-dropping hippies of the late 1960s seem
       | to have become the coke-snorting yuppies of the 1980s, and in
       | general the societal structures that existed before the 1960s
       | still exist today, the only major noticeable change being the
       | relatively increased participation of women and minorities in
       | leadership positions at universities and corporations, which
       | probably isn't attributable to psychedelic use. Other societal
       | norms in the USA - advertising and consumerism, internal
       | political divisions and external military aggression and
       | widespread wealth inequality, remain basically the same as before
       | if not actually more extreme. There's no 'ideal drug' that would
       | solve these problems.
       | 
       | It might be fair to say that certain scientific and technological
       | and artistic developments since the late 1960s psychedelic era
       | began were spurred on by the use of psychedelics in many cases,
       | however.
        
         | webdoodle wrote:
         | The hippies also allowed our governments to continue to erode
         | our freedoms, either being too high to understand how they were
         | being duped, or being so high as to actually believe the news
         | media. Either way, they were too busy in communes getting high
         | to continue any meaningfully constructive protests. Thanks CIA!
        
         | ericmcer wrote:
         | Huxley was definitely a modernist, his views on psychedelics
         | track with that. Across every aspect of technology, medicine,
         | society, etc. we have had to temper our optimism in the last 70
         | years.
         | 
         | That said if psychedelic drug use was as pervasive as alcohol
         | it would definitely have an effect on the values of our
         | society. I don't know if war and inequality would end
         | overnight, but it would start to dig at the basic human desires
         | that keep us all working and consuming and trying to get more.
        
         | infp_arborist wrote:
         | Are you saying that our culture hasn't really gone anywhere
         | with psychedelic drugs, i.e., that so far there has only been a
         | (if at all) small net benefit?
        
       | pkdpic wrote:
       | > "I am profoundly mistrustful of the 'pure gifts of the Gods.'
       | You pay very dearly for them," Jung warned [...] As for Huxley,
       | he was described by Jung as a "Zauberlehrling," a sorcerer's
       | apprentice who has learned how to call on ghosts but does not
       | possess the knowledge needed to control them.
       | 
       | This is a thought provoking section. On the one hand I have the
       | utmost respect for psychedelics and their liberating potential
       | against repressive socio-economic psychological mechanisms etc.
       | 
       | On the other hand, being in my mid-thirties I'm starting to
       | realize that a lot of the destructive behavior of my closest
       | friends and family might ultimately trace back to prolonged use
       | of psychoactive substances including psychedelics like mescaline
       | and psilocybin.
       | 
       | I grew up seeing these drugs as non addictive harmless and
       | spiritually enlightening. But there is no doubt in my mind based
       | on my observations that they weaken the perceptual connection
       | with the every day world and ones relationships with other
       | people, at least when done for prolonged periods.
       | 
       | My friends and family who have been the most active users of
       | psychedelics have had their post-adolescent lives plagued by
       | divorce, alienation from friends, misguided career decisions and
       | have made them easily distracted and often hurtful insensitive
       | people who seem to have a perennial inability to empathize with
       | others or feel emotional remorse.
       | 
       | Ultimately the heavy users of psychedelics I am closest with seem
       | like they have become docile bodies with a diminished capacity
       | for critical thought that fit very neatly into an abusive
       | capitalist society that wants them to endlessly chase fame and
       | fortune while remaining addicted to over-stimulating digital
       | media. And its hard to believe thats what Huxley and the
       | intellectuals of his generation would have wanted.
       | 
       | Im not sure how I feel about psychedelics anymore, I just know
       | that they've trapped a lot of people I love more than they've
       | liberated them. At least in their later years.
        
         | amanaplanacanal wrote:
         | It's possible that you have the cause and effect reversed. Self
         | medicating is rampant in our society, whether that medication
         | is caffeine, alcohol, other stimulants, sleep aids, or
         | psychedelics.
         | 
         | Basically, we are all just trying to get by, dealing with our
         | various traumas the best we can.
        
         | DarylZero wrote:
         | > My friends and family who have been the most active users of
         | psychedelics have had their post-adolescent lives plagued by
         | divorce, alienation from friends, misguided career decisions
         | and have made them easily distracted and often hurtful
         | insensitive people who seem to have a perennial inability to
         | empathize with others or feel emotional remorse.
         | 
         | These sound like personality problems that cause drug use.
         | 
         | It's very hard for me to imagine drug use causing personality
         | problems. Unless they were using them in childhood.
         | 
         | > Ultimately the heavy users of psychedelics I am closest with
         | seem like they have become docile bodies with a diminished
         | capacity for critical thought that fit very neatly into an
         | abusive capitalist society that wants them to endlessly chase
         | fame and fortune while remaining addicted to over-stimulating
         | digital media. And its hard to believe thats what Huxley and
         | the intellectuals of his generation would have wanted.
         | 
         | That's what our society does to everyone, not just drug users.
         | 
         | Maybe the drug users have a harder time "growing up" because of
         | the personality problems that caused them to use the drugs.
        
         | realce wrote:
         | "We are all wired into a survival trip now. No more of the
         | speed that fueled that 60's. That was the fatal flaw in Tim
         | Leary's trip. He crashed around America selling "consciousness
         | expansion" without ever giving a thought to the grim meat-hook
         | realities that were lying in wait for all the people who took
         | him seriously... All those pathetically eager acid freaks who
         | thought they could buy Peace and Understanding for three bucks
         | a hit. But their loss and failure is ours too. What Leary took
         | down with him was the central illusion of a whole life-style
         | that he helped create... a generation of permanent cripples,
         | failed seekers, who never understood the essential old-mystic
         | fallacy of the Acid Culture: the desperate assumption that
         | somebody... or at least some force - is tending the light at
         | the end of the tunnel."
         | 
         | - HST 1971
         | 
         | I feel you.
        
           | robocat wrote:
           | A Scanner Darkly ends with the most gutting personal note:
           | 
           | """
           | 
           | This has been a novel about some people who were punished
           | entirely too much for what they did. They wanted to have a
           | good time, but they were like children playing in the street;
           | they could see one after another of them being killed -- run
           | over, maimed, destroyed -- but they continued to play anyhow.
           | We really all were very happy for a while, sitting around not
           | toiling but just bullshitting and playing, but it was for
           | such a terrible brief time, and then the punishment was
           | beyond belief: even when we could see it, we could not
           | believe it. For example, while I was writing this I learned
           | that the person on whom the character Jerry Fabin is based
           | killed himself. My friend on whom I based the character Ernie
           | Luckman died before I began the novel. For a while I myself
           | was one of these children playing in the street; I was, like
           | the rest of them, trying to play instead of being grown up,
           | and I was punished. I am on the list below, which is a list
           | of those to whom this novel is dedicated, and what became of
           | each.
           | 
           | Drug misuse is not a disease, it is a decision, like the
           | decision to step out in front of a moving car. You would call
           | that not a disease but an error in judgment. When a bunch of
           | people begin to do it, it is a social error, a life-style. In
           | this particular life-style the motto is "Be happy now because
           | tomorrow you are dying," but the dying begins almost at once,
           | and the happiness is a memory. It is, then, only a speeding
           | up, an intensifying, of the ordinary human existence. It is
           | not different from your life-style, it is only faster. It all
           | takes place in days or weeks or months instead of years.
           | "Take the cash and let the credit go," as Villon said in
           | 1460. But that is a mistake if the cash is a penny and the
           | credit a whole lifetime.
           | 
           | There is no moral in this novel; it is not bourgeois; it does
           | not say they were wrong to play when they should have toiled;
           | it just tells what the consequences were. In Greek drama they
           | were beginning, as a society, to discover science, which
           | means causal law. Here in this novel there is Nemesis: not
           | fate, because any one of us could have chosen to stop playing
           | in the street, but, as I narrate from the deepest part of my
           | life and heart, a dreadful Nemesis for those who kept on
           | playing. I myself, I am not a character in this novel; I am
           | the novel. So, though, was our entire nation at this time.
           | This novel is about more people than I knew personally. Some
           | we all read about in the newspapers. It was, this sitting
           | around with our buddies and bullshitting while making tape
           | recordings, the bad decision of the decade, the sixties, both
           | in and out of the establishment. And nature cracked down on
           | us. We were forced to stop by things dreadful.
           | 
           | If there was any "sin," it was that these people wanted to
           | keep on having a good time forever, and were punished for
           | that, but, as I say, I feel that, if so, the punishment was
           | far too great, and I prefer to think of it only in a Greek or
           | morally neutral way, as mere science, as deterministic
           | impartial cause-and-effect. I loved them all. Here is the
           | list, to whom I dedicate my love:
           | 
           | To Gaylene... deceased
           | 
           | To Ray... deceased
           | 
           | To Francy... permanent psychosis
           | 
           | To Kathy... permanent brain damage
           | 
           | To Jim... deceased
           | 
           | To Val... massive permanent brain damage
           | 
           | To Nancy... permanent psychosis
           | 
           | To Joanne... permanent brain damage
           | 
           | To Maren... deceased
           | 
           | To Nick... deceased
           | 
           | To Terry... deceased
           | 
           | To Dennis... deceased
           | 
           | To Phil... permanent pancreatic damage
           | 
           | To Sue... permanent vascular damage
           | 
           | To Jerri... permanent psychosis and vascular damage
           | 
           | . . . and so forth.
           | 
           | In Memoriam. These were comrades whom I had; there are no
           | better. They remain in my mind, and the enemy will never be
           | forgiven. The "enemy" was their mistake in playing. Let them
           | all play again, in some other way, and let them be happy.
           | 
           | -- Philip K. Dick, 1977
           | 
           | """
        
       | mapcars wrote:
       | Important thing to understand is that psychedelics can be used at
       | most as an easy incentive for people to see if they interested in
       | this direction of experience. There are reasons why most profound
       | mystics don't value substances much and rather focus on
       | developing people's own perception. Yes it takes time but results
       | come above all expectations.
       | 
       | From my experience it's much healthier to realize I can go into
       | states of bliss and ecstasy completely by myself without any
       | external help.
        
         | mekoka wrote:
         | The typical gatekeeping through _Appeal-To-Nature_ fallacy.
         | 
         | I've heard some mystics speak about psychedelics. It sounds
         | like what some gurus use to say about people like Krishnamurti
         | who were profoundly influenced by their deep study of
         | philosophy. Their arguments are moot because, although they
         | have indeed invested a lot of time in their own practice to
         | reach alternate states of consciousness, they often have very
         | little experience with psychedelics. Actually, scratch that. We
         | _all_ have so little experience and so much to learn still
         | about them.
         | 
         | I'd agree that to reap the most benefits from a transcendental
         | experience, whether through psychedelics, meditation,
         | breathwork or other, you should also invest in nurturing
         | yourself spiritually and philosophically. However, when I pin
         | your argument downplaying the importance of psychedelics,
         | against the results obtained in psychiatry, in end-of-life
         | care, and even in spiritual awakening for the layperson, I
         | don't think it holds. But that's my opinion.
        
         | scarecrowbob wrote:
         | I see this idea a lot, and in the main, I wholly agree with the
         | understanding that it's personal work and not drugs which help
         | people develop their understanding of the world.
         | 
         | At the same time, this mode of saying "at most" undercuts the
         | actual value of a psychedelic experience: that kind of
         | experience is so profound that I often liken it to discovering
         | sex for the first time. Knowing how to bring yourself and/ or a
         | partner into some state or other isn't in itself useful, it's
         | awkward and confusing to become initiated into that practice,
         | and there are a myriad of ways where becoming sexually
         | activated is violent and traumatic.
         | 
         | But done well a) these experiences can be fun/useful as ends in
         | themselves and b) these experiences are often the ones which
         | open up entire realms of possibility for our minds and bodies.
         | 
         | For instance, without a psychedelic context I certainly would
         | not have had a way of parsing the effects of kundalini yoga,
         | and I might not have even been inclined to work in that
         | direction if I didn't have a first hand understanding of how
         | dramatically our physiology can so directly impact our
         | perceptions.
         | 
         | And I find the people who discount the profound impact of
         | initiation into that realm of experience almost tautologically
         | fall into two camps: people who have moved past psychedelics as
         | a mode (which is a legitimate and good mode, in my epereince)
         | and people who have never had psychedelic experiences (which is
         | also a wholly legitimate way to be in the world).
         | 
         | The thing is, the first camp often seems (at least to me) to
         | understate the actual impact of psychedelia in their
         | development and the second camp doesn't have the personal
         | experience to make those claims at all.
         | 
         | While I am happy at your personal development and ability to
         | enter states of bliss or ecstasy without psychedelic drugs, you
         | may consider that this general bend of argumentation (that the
         | drugs aren't valuable and may be unhealthy in general in this
         | movement) is just as much of a shortcut as thinking that the
         | psychedelics in themselves can lead to some sort of
         | enlightenment.
        
           | aksss wrote:
           | I think this is a very appropriate comparison. At risk of
           | forcing the analogy, there's some balance between
           | (dis)trusting society at large with the liberation of
           | attitudes towards psychedelics while maintaining some
           | guardrails against the objectification, or cheapening, or
           | hyping (miracle cure-all style) or even institutionalization
           | of the experience/tooling. Society seems to be very tolerant
           | of the risks/consequences of liberalized sexual morality. I'm
           | not in any way interested in judging that as a positive or
           | negative right now, just the observation that a) there are
           | consequences; b) Western society has given priority to the
           | benefits over the consequences; c) the boundaries and
           | dimensions of the issue, benefits, consequences are still
           | being explored; d) that exploration has largely been hands-
           | off and organic, addressing problems in an arguably reactive
           | posture.
           | 
           | With psychedelics I _think_ the risks /consequences are
           | potentially greater and so would say simply as a comparison,
           | societies need to be a little more careful, a little less
           | reckless with this one. I instinctively project my own
           | positive experiences with psychedelics onto others and so
           | imagine positive outcomes to be more accessible or certain
           | for society at large. This instinct - I know from observation
           | as I've grown older and have seen more of the world and its
           | inhabitants - needs to be checked. There are a lot of broken
           | people out there, a lot of vulnerable people, a lot of self-
           | interested influences that are either uncaring or malign.
           | 
           | I have trouble articulating my full thoughts on this, but I
           | don't think Western and particularly US culture has done a
           | good job managing mental health and particularly in fostering
           | positive mental health during formative years of human
           | development. Not specifically talking about acute diagnosable
           | disorders, but even the level of chronic anxiety, depression,
           | and hopelessness that is experienced and amplified when
           | passed cyclically over generations. The causes are
           | interesting but beyond the scope of my comment, though it
           | does influence my skepticism about throwing a grenade of
           | recreational psychedelics into the gen-pop and letting it
           | work itself out.
           | 
           | I know someone is bound to say that nobody is talking about
           | recreational psychedelics in a conversation about
           | therapeutical use, but I would say that's precisely my
           | starting point - a) it's hard to avoid more recreational use
           | of psychedelics when normalizing it socially even in a
           | clinical setting; b) figuring out how and where to set up
           | appropriate guardrails should be deliberate; c) the
           | experience with sexual liberation can probably inform the
           | conversation in valuable ways, particularly in a critical
           | approach.
           | 
           | This is not an easy problem to solve in a secular, diverse,
           | free-market democracy since the levers of influence are less
           | centralized and arguably incentivized towards disruption,
           | live experimentation, and deconstruction.
        
         | mylons wrote:
         | Maynard Keenan from Tool had a good line about this he'd use in
         | interviews. Something like, "you get a shortcut to
         | transcendence that you spend the rest of your life developing
         | the ability to get their naturally"
        
           | pcarolan wrote:
           | Ray Manzarek from The Doors (named after this book) used to
           | say something like "I don't need drugs any more because the
           | doors are open". Here's a similar quote:
           | https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/ray_manzarek_307478
        
           | b3morales wrote:
           | Precisely this. This is something that Huxley himself
           | emphasized in his writing. The substance is, like any
           | medicine, an aid to the natural process, not a substitute for
           | it.
        
           | GameOfFrowns wrote:
           | I think Alan Watts stated something similar in one of his
           | famous speeches. The question is if the value of that
           | experience is the same if it's "unearned" by taking the easy
           | path or if it's better to experience profoundness earlier in
           | life through consuming DMT, LSD or Magic mushrooms than
           | having to meditate for decades first.
        
         | ArtWomb wrote:
         | >>> atone us with our fellows in a glowing exaltation of
         | affection
         | 
         | The idea is: what happens with psychedelic experimentation at
         | mass scale? Do we morph into an empathic nation of Deanna
         | Troi's overnite ;)
        
           | b3morales wrote:
           | One of Huxley's fiction books, _Island_ , is a thought
           | experiment about the choices a very explicitly spiritual
           | (Buddhist in origin) society would take. Among other things
           | the coming of age ceremony involves taking a small dose of
           | psilocybin.
        
           | carapace wrote:
           | Have you ever heard of "Rainbow Gatherings"?
        
           | hdjjhhvvhga wrote:
           | Massive chaos. All traffic stops. All services are disrupted
           | and finally nothing works anymore. You cannot even count on
           | water and electricity being available. The fact that some
           | people have bad trips and become paranoid becomes the least
           | of your problems.
           | 
           | It would be very, very different from limited, occasional,
           | "recreational" use.
        
             | mc32 wrote:
             | So, like massive tent encampments but without the social
             | services?
        
             | GameOfFrowns wrote:
        
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       (page generated 2021-12-21 23:01 UTC)