[HN Gopher] Can You Drill into a Supervolcano to Relieve Pressur...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Can You Drill into a Supervolcano to Relieve Pressure? (2016)
        
       Author : davidrusu
       Score  : 74 points
       Date   : 2021-12-06 14:26 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (askageologist.blogspot.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (askageologist.blogspot.com)
        
       | ineedasername wrote:
       | TLDR: No.
       | 
       | But RTFA anyway, it's a good read, and a little unsettling how
       | many problems people think could be solved with just a bit of
       | nuclear bombing.
        
       | Subsentient wrote:
       | Lol. Yeah that totally sounds like a great idea that is going to
       | end super well and not backfire at all!
        
       | ortusdux wrote:
       | Re: the first paragraph's reference to nuking the Deepwater
       | horizon's oil leak, Soviet engineers demonstrated that this was a
       | viable technique back in the 60's. Plenty of wild non-war
       | applications have been proposed for nuclear bombs over the years,
       | but this is the only one I can think of that is actually somewhat
       | of a good idea. Any fallout is minor and contained under 1km+ of
       | bedrock, and the harm prevented is worth the cost. I am surprised
       | that the author dismisses it so rapidly.
       | 
       | https://interestingengineering.com/soviet-engineers-detonate...
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S57Xq03njsc
        
         | ryanmercer wrote:
         | >Plenty of wild non-war applications have been proposed for
         | nuclear bombs over the years
         | 
         | Yup, Project Plowshare (US) and Nuclear Explosions for the
         | National Economy (USSR) looked a lot of interesting/crazy ideas
         | for non-military applications for nuclear weapons.
         | 
         | Some of the ideas were just nuts for use on earth (like making
         | bays) but if we ever do start setting up shop on another
         | planet, like Mars, nuclear detonations could probably be used
         | for construction efforts early on to get some serious work done
         | quickly - Project Orion, especially if done with materials
         | mined from the asteroid belt, could be an extremely viable
         | option for interstellar travel even if just for probes.
         | 
         | https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Project_Plowshare
         | 
         | https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Nuclear_Explosions_for_the_Natio...
         | 
         | https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Project_Orion_(nuclear_propulsio...
        
           | upwardbound wrote:
           | Relatedly: apparently it would be a good idea to destroy the
           | Martian moon Phobos before settling the planet. It's a
           | fascinating proposal and makes sense; you can read about it
           | here:
           | 
           | https://marspedia.org/Bringing_down_Phobos
        
             | ortusdux wrote:
             | If we are going down that rabbit hole, I love the plan to
             | create an artificial Martian magnetosphere by placing a
             | magnetic field generating satellite between mars and the
             | solar winds. Generating an atmosphere on mars is all well
             | and good, but it will just blow away again without some
             | protection. The generator would only require roughly 583.9
             | exajoules, or roughly the world's total energy consumption
             | in 2020.
             | 
             | https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.06887.pdf
        
               | ncmncm wrote:
               | A superconducting tape girdling the planet's equator
               | would suffice, and require after startup only the power
               | needed to keep it chilled at all times below 70K.
        
               | upwardbound wrote:
               | That sounds actually quite practical and like an amazing
               | option! Are there papers about this you could please
               | share the links to?
        
               | ncmncm wrote:
               | Just a youtube video.
               | 
               | 21340 km of superconducting tape could take rather some
               | time to fabricate. Then, of course you need to get it
               | there, and lay it out, and construct 20k refrigeration
               | plants. Then, extract enough nitrogen from the atmosphere
               | (1.89% concentration) for refrigerant; you'll need about
               | 4M tons of it. You also need 21340 km of cryo-safe piping
               | bonded to the tape, which probably weighs another 4M
               | tons. Plus heat insulation.
               | 
               | Leakage from 21340 km of tubing, even if just migration
               | of single molecules through the walls of the tube, would
               | require continuous injection of fresh nitrogen.
               | 
               | And, I guess, you had better protect it from meteorite
               | strikes. A planet-sized magnetic field suddenly imploding
               | would seem to release enough energy to vaporize your
               | whole tape. Maybe you should have two of them, parallel,
               | 100km apart so they are unlikely to both be taken out by
               | the same meteorite.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ryanmercer wrote:
               | >but it will just blow away again without some
               | protection.
               | 
               | Not in any appreciable amount over human timescales.
        
           | saalweachter wrote:
           | Just out of curiosity, do you know to what extent the various
           | applications (from making artificial bays to sealing wells)
           | depend on it being a _nuclear_ bomb versus  "a big bomb"?
        
         | jjk166 wrote:
         | The author's logic is that only things comparable in scale to a
         | volcano can cancel out the volcano by brute force, and nuclear
         | detonations are thousands to millions of times smaller than
         | volcanic eruptions. Proposals for things like this involve
         | using nuclear detonations to make small but critical
         | disruptions to systems, so the logic doesn't apply, but without
         | actually digging into it you generally wouldn't know that's
         | what the plan entails. Admittedly, it's unintuitive to think of
         | nuclear detonations as a precise scalpel instead of a blunt
         | cudgel. It also doesn't help that the well thought out
         | proposals often get crudely parroted, so "collapse the well 1
         | km down to choke off the flow of oil" becomes "blow up the
         | well".
        
         | mLuby wrote:
         | They tried that in the excellent documentary The Core (2003)
         | but as I recall they didn't all survive.
        
           | ineedasername wrote:
           | However a separate documentary (Armageddon, 1998) illustrated
           | the successful use of nuclear devices on objects of a
           | seemingly intractable scale with extremely few casualties.
           | 
           | The makers of the documentary also chose an excellent score
           | to accompany their organic capture of a moving love story
           | along with the antics of a plucky group of misfits that came
           | together in a crisis. It's the sort of thing you can only
           | shake your head at and say, "Only in reality!" because if you
           | saw it in a movie you'd just think "Nah, that could never
           | happen".
        
             | test6554 wrote:
             | You just can't make this stuff up!
        
       | Terry_Roll wrote:
       | I've often wondered if its possible to use a fault line as a
       | waste compactor and recycling centre considering all our "man
       | made" waste comes from this planet?
        
       | hilbert42 wrote:
       | _" People who think a nuclear device is comparable to the energy
       | released by a volcano just haven't seen a restless volcano up
       | close. They are a whole lot bigger than they seem to be in the
       | films. Mount St Helens is a relatively small volcano, yet it
       | still took me nearly 6 hours to walk out of the center crater."_
       | 
       | I can well attest to that. A year or so after the major eruption
       | of Mount St. Helens on May 18, 1980, I had business in both
       | Portland and Seattle and on that occasion I drove from Portland
       | to Seattle rather than fly, as I'd normally do. (I'd been to
       | Tektronix to whinge about ongoing problems we'd been having with
       | a PAL 625 TV sync pulse generator--an interesting story in itself
       | but I'll leave that for another time).
       | 
       | I live an ocean away--thousands of miles from Portland but I had
       | an ulterior motive for renting a vehicle in Portland and driving
       | to Seattle, as this time I wanted to visit and drive over the
       | 'renewed' Tacoma Narrows bridge which replaced the infamous
       | _Galloping Gertie_ that failed in 1940--of which I 'd learned so
       | much about years earlier in structures and physics. Having a
       | vehicle made that possible. Visiting Mt St Helens wasn't on my
       | agenda--and I'd already seen it post the 1980 eruption from a
       | commercial SFO/SEA flight although I did expect to see it in the
       | distance to the east from the I5.
       | 
       | It was somewhat latish afternoon, 3:30-4:00 pm, when I arrived at
       | my nearest point on the I5 to Mt St Helens and unexpectedly
       | nearby there was a small airfield. Signs on the highway indicated
       | that a company was offering joy flights to Mt St Helens, so on-
       | the-spur-of-the-moment I decided to take the flight.
       | Unfortunately, I was the only one wanting a flight at that time
       | and the pilot told me that it was uneconomic to take only one
       | person (two being the minimum) so I'd have to wait until
       | additional sightseers turned up--and if that didn't happen soon
       | (within 15 or so minutes) then it'd be too late in the day to
       | fly! Anyway, I struck a deal at somewhat less than the amount for
       | two people and we were on our way.
       | 
       | I don't need to describe this remarkable scene except to say it
       | was spectacular--much more so than the somewhat limited view from
       | the commercial jet; and anyone who's interested will already be
       | familiar with the wonderful photos in _National Geographic_ and
       | elsewhere. However, one point I must comment on is that for mile
       | after mile in this desolate lunar-mud-like landscape the
       | remaining trunks of the flattened pine trees were all facing
       | radially away from the exit point of the explosion like the
       | spokes of a bicycle wheel, it was one of the strangest sights I
       | 've ever seen. There was no doubt that this was an extremely huge
       | explosion.
       | 
       | After doing the standard joy flight, the pilot suggested that
       | seeing I'd paid much more than the normal fare would I like him
       | to take me closer to the crater. Gleefully, I agreed and we not
       | only got closer to the crater _but we actually flew around inside
       | it_ -- right, the crater is truly huge when one 's actually
       | inside it! When the author says it took him nearly _' six hours
       | to walk out of the center of the crater'_ he not exaggerating one
       | iota.
       | 
       | 'Tis a damn shame photos aren't allowed on HN, otherwise I'd post
       | some of my old slides taken from inside the crater (they're truly
       | spectacular).
        
         | aspenmayer wrote:
         | External links to your photos are definitely on topic. Please
         | post them for us!
        
       | ethbr0 wrote:
       | My favorite National Park Service quip of all time. At the bottom
       | of the page on Yellowstone's volcano [0] are a few questions and
       | answers, and among them this gem:
       | 
       | >> _What is Yellowstone National Park doing to stop or prevent an
       | erruption?_
       | 
       | > _Nothing can be done to prevent an eruption. The temperatures,
       | pressures, physical characteristics of partially molten rock, and
       | immensity of the magma chamber are beyond human ability to impact
       | --much less control._
       | 
       | In my head, some staff geologist, tired of answering dumb
       | questions, was asked and finally snapped a little.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/volcano.htm
        
         | intpx wrote:
         | This is a very clear distillation of the absolute lack of
         | imagination that is endemic across the National Parks Service.
         | It is this mindset that stagnating progress in the National
         | Parks. 105 years and there have been no major developments in
         | Parks technologies. No waterfalls running in reverse, no water-
         | skiing bison, no Grander Canyon. /s
        
           | txdv wrote:
           | Water skiing bisons, now thats a good idea
        
             | jjk166 wrote:
             | Kind of a water buffalo rip off
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | Some old-army jokes aren't potable to civilian life
        
               | RobRivera wrote:
               | I Get It!
        
       | beerandt wrote:
       | With volcanos, the more viscous the magma, the more energy gets
       | stored before an eruption. Supervolcanos are the most viscous
       | type, hence the massive explosion.
       | 
       | Think boiling water vs thick oatmeal vs boiling a pressure cooker
       | until it explodes, but obviously worse.
       | 
       | So "relieve pressure" in this case isn't like a pressure release
       | valve on a water heater.
       | 
       | You'd need to either cool the mass, remove the overburden, or
       | create some sort of massive voids for expansion.
       | 
       | The US nuclear test done in Mississippi resulted in vaporizing
       | the rock and soil and creating a large underground void, for
       | whatever that's worth as a sort of proof of concept.
        
         | coenhyde wrote:
         | Yeah I don't see why we can't use nukes. We just need bigger
         | nukes and more of them. How about we drill the largest borehole
         | we can, then drop a chain of nukes down it. ie detonate a nuke
         | every 100m. First few can be Tsar Bomba's.
        
           | ethbr0 wrote:
           | Can I interest you in a pamphlet about careers in Strategic
           | Air Command?
        
         | MisterTea wrote:
         | > The US nuclear test done in Mississippi resulted in
         | vaporizing the rock and soil and creating a large underground
         | void, for whatever that's worth as a sort of proof of concept.
         | 
         | Where did the vaporized rock and soil go?
        
           | jdsully wrote:
           | I imagine it escaped as a gas.
        
             | echelon wrote:
             | Do rocks and minerals even have a boiling point, or do they
             | thermally decompose?
        
               | iSnow wrote:
               | Considering they are mostly anorganic substance, I'd
               | guess you can make them boil - you'd get lava.
        
             | caeril wrote:
             | It escapes . . . as a gas . . . in an already highly
             | pressurized environment . . . that is already containing a
             | large amount of high-pressure hydrogen sulfide that cannot
             | escape as it is?
             | 
             | I'm pressing X to doubt.
        
               | ineedasername wrote:
               | That just means you need a second nuke to blow a hole
               | that allows the gas to escape & lave to flow in, and a
               | 3rd nuke to collapse the hole before the lava gets too
               | far. It's all there in my book, "How to nuke your way out
               | of any problem"
        
               | daveac wrote:
               | You could just create another bigger void and let the
               | stuff vent into that
        
       | anm89 wrote:
       | Follow up question: if you were able to meaningfully release that
       | heat, would it be enough to affect the global climate?
        
         | margalabargala wrote:
         | Generally no. Heat on earth is radiated out to space quite
         | quickly.
         | 
         | When Mount St Helens exploded, it released about 1.0e11 MJ of
         | energy. The earth receives 21MJ of energy from the sun, per
         | day, per square meter. So MSH in total released as much energy
         | in total as a square of land 70km on a side receives in a
         | single day from the sun. Which isn't tiny, but is a relative
         | drop in the bucket compared to the whole planet.
         | 
         | Considering that this hypothetical heat source would be very
         | concentrated and so would radiate to space efficiently and not
         | spread out as much, I wouldn't expect it to have much of any
         | effect on the climate.
        
         | zardo wrote:
         | The heat will be getting out one way or another.
        
           | anm89 wrote:
           | As far as I know, nothing has been releaseed from one of
           | these major calderas at scale in recorded history
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | That's like saying humans don't have to eat because you
             | haven't been hungry in the last minute.
        
               | anm89 wrote:
               | No it's like asking the question: "how would it affect
               | it" because I don't have any data. I'm not arguing that
               | it's never happened.
               | 
               | I'm quite aware of the fact that the earth is older than
               | written records of the earth.
        
       | q1w2 wrote:
       | I think the answer is good, but misses one important point - it
       | is not like there is a thin barrier where there's a sharp
       | pressure gradient, such that you can "pop" the volcano, or allow
       | it to fizz like a shaken coke can with a tiny hole.
       | 
       | When you drill down into the volcano, the hole just collapses on
       | itself and plugs itself back up. The closer you get to the
       | caldera, the rock become viscous and hot. Not only does your
       | drill bit melt, but it's like trying to a hole into warming ice-
       | cream - you don't accomplish anything.
       | 
       | Geothermal energy plants function by drilling holes _near_ magma
       | chambers, and allowing some heat to radiate into the bore hole,
       | and then up the shaft. ...and while this process extracts some
       | heat, the energy withdrawn is orders of magnitude smaller than
       | what is present.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | When you core a tree to look at growth rings you have to be
         | fast because the wood will begin to swell almost immediately.
         | If you get distracted then you lose the corer. The tree is
         | stronger than the handle.
         | 
         | I would think rocks under high pressure would do the same
         | thing. You'd either have to dig a conical hole to get a
         | cylindrical bore, or the boring machine would have to have
         | cutters on both the face and the sides to keep grinding away
         | rock that expands into the void you are creating.
        
         | deepsun wrote:
         | > the hole just collapses on itself and plugs itself back up
         | 
         | Same with modern day oil holes. They just reinforce the walls
         | of the hole with concrete. Much harder problem is to prevent
         | oil and gas from rushing up through the well, and breaking the
         | rig (it always ignites afterwards). Imagine that with lava.
        
         | tombh wrote:
         | Thanks, I think yours is actually a much more relevant answer
         | than the one in the article. Personally, I took the original
         | question as a _geophysical_ one, not a logistical one. I mean
         | sure it's geophysically interesting that our current drills are
         | just orders of magnitude too inconsequential, but your answer
         | actually corrects the implied intuition that both I and the
         | question asker wrongly had, namely that magma is like coke in a
         | can.
        
       | xyzzy21 wrote:
       | Also if you apply hydraulic equations to the lave through such a
       | small diameter borehole, you quickly find that you would NOT be
       | in control of anything and you'd probably do more to trigger a
       | large eruption - the velocity of lava out of such a borehole
       | would be hypersonic at least and quickly open the borehole to
       | form a new vent equal to an actual eruption.
        
         | dmos62 wrote:
         | Hypersonic lava sounds AWESOME!
        
           | ethbr0 wrote:
           | Not a Dwarf Fortress player, are we?
        
         | trenning wrote:
         | This could be used as an assist to space maybe :) sustainable
         | Earth based lava launches
        
           | ineedasername wrote:
           | I'm not sure if that would be better or worse than Project
           | Orion https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Orion_(nuclear_pr
           | opuls...
        
       | pstuart wrote:
       | On a related note: why not seriously tap these geothermal hot
       | spots for energy? Doesn't stop at night or when the wind dies
       | down.
        
         | jbuzbee wrote:
         | Iceland generates 25% of their energy geothermically
         | https://nea.is/geothermal/
        
         | 1123581321 wrote:
         | There is plenty of geothermal. Where there's not, it's usually
         | because another local form of generation is more attractive
         | (e.g., hydro for volcanos near the sea) or the volcanic system
         | is environmentally or culturally protected.
        
         | pcmaffey wrote:
         | Here's a good "state of the art of geothermal drilling" article
         | - https://austinvernon.site/blog/drillingplan.html
        
         | ZeroGravitas wrote:
         | We do, where it makes sense, like Iceland:
         | 
         | https://ourworldindata.org/energy/country/iceland#energy-mix
         | 
         | But, as it being listed as 'other renewable' hints, it doesn't
         | make as much sense elsewhere, where generally you can just
         | install more solar and wind and save more carbon/money that
         | way, and leave worrying about windless nights till you've
         | picked the low hanging fruit.
         | 
         | For example, the current US plan is that after getting to 95%
         | carbon free energy, to switch the focus to electrifying more
         | things that currently burn fuel directly, rather than worry
         | about that awkward last 5% before they need to.
        
         | q1w2 wrote:
         | It's not a very efficient process. Firstly, you need to drill
         | very very far down, unless you are near an active volcano. If
         | it isn't very near the surface, most heat is lost traveling up
         | the bore hole. Remember that you never drill INTO the magma
         | chamber, because that would collapse/plug the hole, so
         | companies drill adjacent to the magma chamber and allow radiant
         | heat to rise.
         | 
         | It's also unstable and inconsistent. Ground water changes,
         | magma movement, hole collapses, all make it an unreliable
         | source of power.
        
         | pope_meat wrote:
         | It's hard to drill in to hot things, bits melt.
        
           | robbedpeter wrote:
           | Maintenance costs overrun any efficiency gains by using
           | geothermal even under optimal conditions, so unless there's
           | other reasons to use it, ideological or economic, most
           | companies will stick to the local grid.
           | 
           | There are some really cool innovations with graphene coatings
           | generating power as hot saltwater flows over it, simplifying
           | power generation by basically creating giant linear
           | convection flows(, as well as graphene coatings on bits to
           | increase durability.) The technology has a ways to go to
           | compete with solar or coal or gas if grid proximity isn't a
           | problem.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | You don't have to go all the way in to be able to obtain
           | energy. Hawaii and Iceland both have geothermal power
           | generation facilities; it's very doable.
        
         | jandrewrogers wrote:
         | At least in the US, environmental activism has contributed to
         | lack of geothermal development. While the US has large regions
         | with high geothermal potential, such as the Great Basin area of
         | the mountain West, much of this land is undeveloped and under
         | Federal control. This allows activists anywhere in the country
         | to make getting permission difficult and expensive, the effect
         | of which has been to limit the practical size of the power
         | plants to ~25 MW.
         | 
         | Large-scale geothermal installations are not pretty and they
         | cover large areas of land. The individual bore holes must be
         | widely separated from each other, so if you are aggregating the
         | energy of many bores, you are building giant pipe networks. It
         | looks a bit like a large oil field. This gets attacked by
         | environmental activists as despoiling the natural
         | habitat/beauty etc of the formerly undeveloped land. In places
         | like Nevada, which has a lot of geothermal power, there is
         | nothing attractive or unique about this land, it is essentially
         | volcanic badlands of the boring variety, but the campaigns
         | against them use deceptive pictures from other parts of the
         | country suggesting that they are paving over national parks and
         | similar.
         | 
         | This propaganda against geothermal power generation makes it
         | impractical at scale. Instead, the geothermal power plants that
         | are practical to build in this regulatory environment are all
         | solutions with small land footprints. The largest geothermal
         | power plant in Nevada is <100 MW and most don't even do 20 MW.
         | 
         | Of course, there are similar challenges when trying to install
         | solar power at scale in the same kinds of places. Too much of
         | our "green energy" policy is dictated by activists that don't
         | want to build any kind of power generation anywhere.
        
           | ncmncm wrote:
           | There is plenty of geothermal power generation going on in
           | the US, but it is not increasing.
           | 
           | That is not a triumph of ecoterror, but of economics: solar
           | and wind are already substantically cheaper, and continue
           | getting much cheaper, where geothermal, like nukes, stays
           | just as expensive to build and operate as ever. So, _pace_
           | baseload, a dollar spent today is overwhelmingly better spent
           | on a solar panel or wind turbine, or, soon, storage for solar
           | and wind, or production of H2 as feedstock for industrial
           | processes and hydrocarbon synthesis from captured CO2.
           | 
           | There is never any need to install new solar or wind in
           | wilderness. Both coexist productively and synergistically
           | with current agricultural land use. A farm or pasture with
           | solar is more agriculturally productive than the same
           | without, and _also_ generates clean power. In effect, the
           | power output subsidizes construction of the shading
           | infrastructure that reduces heat stress and evaporation.
           | 
           | A wind turbine displaces minimal ground area, and thus may be
           | in the middle of a solar farm, both situated in current,
           | productive cropland. Output may be used locally to produce
           | ammonia when spot prices bottom out, useful on-site for both
           | fertilizer and fuel.
        
         | toss1 wrote:
         | It's a great idea and they do it, particularly in Iceland and
         | Hawaii, iirc.
         | 
         | My recollection is that the big issue with geothermal is the
         | minerals leaching out of the drilled rocks and fairly rapidly
         | fouling the near/above-round equipment or depositing on the
         | tubes/pipes closing them down. I understand that progress had
         | been made; if anyone has more details handy, could you post
         | links?
        
       | jjk166 wrote:
       | [0]
       | https://scienceandtechnology.jpl.nasa.gov/sites/default/file...
       | 
       | You wouldn't want to drill into the magma chamber to relieve
       | pressure, instead you would drill next to the magma chamber to
       | cool the rocks on the edge, shrinking the chamber. Every few
       | decades after the chamber had shrunk, you'd drill a new set of
       | boreholes closer. The expense would be substantial, but well
       | within the range of major government projects, and if you use the
       | heat for power generation you can recover some of that cost -
       | indeed if you subsidize the initial logistical setup, the long
       | term operation can likely be fiscally self sustaining.
        
       | phkahler wrote:
       | One thing not considered in TFA is the idea of drilling a hole
       | and then using nuclear explosions to pulverize the surrounding
       | rock to effectively increase the size of the hole. This might
       | also punch through the last (how many?) meters of rock that are
       | too hot to drill through. I still doubt it would work, and if it
       | did that might be really bad too.
        
         | TrainedMonkey wrote:
         | Both Cold War superpowers considered some variant of using
         | nuclear weaponry for subterranean engineering in their
         | "peaceful atom" projects. For example soviets actually used a
         | nuke to put out a gas well fire:
         | https://interestingengineering.com/soviet-engineers-detonate...
        
           | ineedasername wrote:
           | Yep, the US had a program called "Project Plowshares"
           | dedicated to their use in, primarily, construction:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Plowshare
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | The quiet-part-out-loudness of naming a project designed as
             | a propaganda measure to leverage peaceful applications of
             | nuclear technology (including explosions) to build
             | acceptance of (/ mitigate opposition to) nuclear weaponry
             | _qua_ weaponry so as to invoke Joel 3:9-10 ("Proclaim ye
             | this among the Gentiles; Prepare war, wake up the mighty
             | men, let all the men of war draw near; let them come up:  /
             | Beat your plowshares into swords and your pruninghooks into
             | spears: let the weak say, I am strong") is, well, pretty
             | amazing.
        
               | ncmncm wrote:
               | The cynicism is dizzying.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | I mean, tbf, they probably intended people to read it as
               | a reference to Isaiah 2:4 ("And He shall judge among the
               | nations, and shall rebuke many people; and they shall
               | beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into
               | pruning hooks; nation shall not lift up sword against
               | nation, neither shall they learn war anymore") which is a
               | somewhat more popular passage.
        
       | ncmncm wrote:
       | "PSA: Before drilling into a supervolcano magma chamber, please
       | arrange to accept and dispose of at least 1000 cubic miles of
       | superheated lava to be emitted at a flow rate of up to 1 cubic
       | mile per hour. Thank you for your attention to this detail."
        
         | ineedasername wrote:
         | Yep- a rapid pressure release where the outlet is the surface
         | of the earth is pretty much indistinguishable from a normal
         | unplanned eruption. With, as a comment in the post suggested, a
         | nice dose of nuclear fallout in the mix.
        
       | zoe4883 wrote:
       | Would not that have massive CO2 footprint? It would be very
       | expensive to pay for it. Vulcanic eruption is natural and does
       | not count, but man-made emmisions require permit.
        
         | gambiting wrote:
         | >>Vulcanic eruption is natural and does not count,
         | 
         | I'm pretty sure the Earth's atmoshphere is physically incapable
         | of differentiating between man-released CO2 and naturally
         | released CO2.
         | 
         | >> man-made emmisions require permit
         | 
         | Whose permit? On what authority? Even if such permit would be
         | required, who would deny it if the alternative was literally
         | the destruction of a large portion of the United States(if we
         | are talking about Yellowstone exploding)?
        
           | Supermancho wrote:
           | This would be an issue of national security. I would not want
           | to be the person who spends money to set up drilling toward
           | the Yellowstone Supervolcano without alerting the US
           | Department of the Interior of the plans.
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | I can only imagine that such a massive enterprise would be
             | entirely conducted by the US Government, probably any of
             | the military branches(is Engineers Corps still a thing?)
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | kingaillas wrote:
               | The Army Corps of Engineers is a thing... their civil
               | works authority makes them the final authority on water
               | management (changing river flow, dams, anything related
               | to water management.) Not sure about supervolcanos
               | though, couldn't find that on their website.
               | 
               | I am sure that a minimum of the US Geological Survey and
               | ACE will be involved in any supervolcano remediation
               | plan. And probably FEMA but hopefully they won't need to
               | act. ;)
        
           | zoe4883 wrote:
           | There is Paris Agreement, most countries signed including
           | Italy and US. Detonating nukes and releasing several gigatons
           | of CO2 is more dangerous than supervulcano.
           | 
           | Naturally released CO2 is harmless. There is a difference!
        
             | nobodyandproud wrote:
             | Is this like where people are tricked into believing "sea
             | salt" in the diet is somehow healthier than "table salt"?
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | >>Detonating nukes and releasing several gigatons of CO2 is
             | more dangerous than supervulcano.
             | 
             | Eh? You are aware that if Yellowstone were to erupt it
             | would literally mean the destruction of the United States.
             | How is "defusing" the vulcano by detonating nukes "more
             | dangerous" exactly?
             | 
             | >>Naturally released CO2 is harmless.
             | 
             | Again, atmosphere doesn't care - CO2 is CO2. Yes it doesn't
             | count towards calculations that we currently do to model
             | climate predictions, but it's not harmless, and a
             | supervulcano event will fuck everything up, it doesn't
             | magically stop having an effect just because it's natural.
        
               | zoe4883 wrote:
               | How is that not positive? Drilling means gigatons of new
               | CO2 emmisions.
               | 
               | Natural eruption would considerably reduce man made CO2
               | emmisions in near future. And nuclear winter from dust
               | could stop global warming!
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Ah, so you were being facetious then. Should have said at
               | the beginning, would have saved us some time and you the
               | downvotes.
        
               | bashinator wrote:
               | > Natural eruption would considerably reduce man made CO2
               | emmisions in near future.
               | 
               | I imagine this is technically accurate, as an eruption of
               | for example Yellowstone would utterly destroy most human
               | civilization in North America.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-12-06 23:02 UTC)