[HN Gopher] Approx. 24 hours ago, Tether printed 1B $USDT out of...
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       Approx. 24 hours ago, Tether printed 1B $USDT out of thin air
        
       Author : hh3k0
       Score  : 177 points
       Date   : 2021-12-05 20:16 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (whale-alert.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (whale-alert.io)
        
       | josefrichter wrote:
       | I wonder what would happen if this proved to be scam. Would that
       | kill the whole crypto market?
        
         | kebman wrote:
         | People would want to get rid of Tether and fast. One way is to
         | buy real money, like Bitcoin.
        
         | Andrew_nenakhov wrote:
         | I'll probably buy a few bitcoins at $100 price point then. Just
         | in case it ever grows back.
        
           | Vadoff wrote:
           | Even if it happened, I doubt it would drop lower than $10k.
        
           | nanidin wrote:
           | You and thousands of other people, thereby preventing the
           | Bitcoin price from ever likely reaching $100 in the first
           | place.
           | 
           | We're living through an interesting piece of history here,
           | that's for sure.
        
         | aaronax wrote:
         | Anyone holding Tether will be stuck selling it for the
         | equivalent of $0.05 or whatever. This alone would have no
         | effect on crypto prices.
         | 
         | However, it will become harder to get various government-type
         | currencies in to exchanges so presumably purchasing demand will
         | fall, which seems like it would make crypto prices fall too.
        
           | graeme wrote:
           | 80% of crypto trades are against USDT
        
             | sabujp wrote:
             | why? a friend said it's because he doesn't have to pay tax,
             | i corrected him last year. are people doing this because
             | they really think they don't have to pay tax unless they
             | swap to actual USDs? Or they're just hiding their USDs away
             | from the IRS and other taxation entities?
        
           | josefrichter wrote:
           | That for sure. But I am more wondering about the collateral
           | damage to other coins. Coz it would likely trigger sell off
           | of many other coins to cover loses.
           | 
           | On the other hand, the market cap is 75B, while ETH is 488B
           | and BTC is 919B. So the impact maybe wouldn't be too drastic
           | and too long lasting.
           | 
           | I wonder if it's worth converting USDC and DAI loans to USDT,
           | would be easier to repay if it did crash..
        
             | gadnuk wrote:
             | Market Cap != Liquidity
             | 
             | 70% of the crypto volume is in USDT.
             | 
             | From 2020 (should still hold): https://coingape.com/tether-
             | dominates-exchange-trading-with-...
             | 
             | If Tether collapses, so does USDT. If exchanges have
             | majority of their volume in USDT pairs, then the market
             | liquidity dries up and the whole thing collapse. Remember
             | that those coins need to be cashed out for actual USD. But
             | if that USD does not actually exist, what will you sell
             | into?
        
           | rglullis wrote:
           | Don't forget the amount of exchanges that can not trade USD
           | so they rely on USDT to deal with BTC. Tether crashing is
           | going to destroy the value of BTC and it will take all of the
           | alts with it. It will make Mt Gox look like a hiccup.
           | 
           | Still, it needs to happen. Keeping Tether alive is the worst
           | thing that can happen to crypto.
        
             | rvz wrote:
             | > Still, it needs to happen. Keeping Tether alive is the
             | worst thing that can happen to crypto.
             | 
             | Exactly. The next big crypto crash is waiting to happen.
             | Will probably come from the debt ceiling crisis with the US
             | then cracking down on Tether afterwards with the US
             | government also collecting unrealised capital gains taxes;
             | enough to scare the hands out of lots of investors.
             | 
             | Tether knows they are a scam. So they are getting out while
             | they can.
        
         | Vadoff wrote:
         | Kill? No. Temporarily crash? Probably.
        
         | Oberbaumbrucke wrote:
         | The price of most/all crypto would fall dramatically.
         | 
         | Tether is a huge component of the daily traded float in BTC. If
         | tether was no longer accepted at $1, there's a lot less money
         | chasing BTC.
         | 
         | These markets wil be around forever, but much less attractive
         | when people start to see past the Hype.
        
       | gadnuk wrote:
       | They printed another billion just 6 hours ago:
       | https://twitter.com/whale_alert/status/1467504581571751940
       | 
       | They have become so brazen, that they will just keep printing
       | billions without any audit or insight into their holdings.
       | 
       | Their last attestation published a few days ago (by them, not by
       | any independent firm) raises more questions than answers:
       | https://twitter.com/dee_bosa/status/1466826912781590529
       | 
       | They barely have any backing in actual USD and are very suspect
       | in the commercial paper holdings
       | 
       | They have a CTO who regularly engages in snarky comments when
       | asked about their holdings: https://twitter.com/paoloardoino
       | 
       | They have a CFO who has a very very checkered past:
       | https://www.ft.com/content/4da3060c-8e1a-439f-a1d7-a6a4688ad...
       | 
       | Tether has regularly been sued and settled, never won.
       | 
       | CFTC: https://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/PressReleases/8450-21
       | 
       | NYAG: https://www.cnbc.com/2021/02/23/tether-bitfinex-reach-
       | settle...
       | 
       | DOJ: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-26/tether-
       | ex...
       | 
       | Moreover, they roped in a nation state (El Salvador) to issue
       | bonds that fund El Salvador's Bitcoin City to be issued on
       | Blockstream's Liquid Network and processed by iFinex, the
       | controversial company behind Tether.
       | 
       | https://blockworks.co/el-salvador-plans-bitcoin-city-funded-...
       | 
       | To add to that, the SEC denied creation of VanEck's bitcoin-
       | backed ETF because of risks associated with Tether
       | 
       | https://www.ft.com/content/77bc7296-9bd4-4ea4-bab9-91cee789e...
       | 
       | From the article: "Among the concerns the SEC raised in the
       | disapproval order included possible "wash trading", when the same
       | institution is on both sides of the trade, generating extra fees
       | for minimal risk; potential price manipulation by whales who
       | dominate bitcoin; and possible "manipulative activity involving
       | the purported 'stablecoin' Tether".
       | 
       | The list keeps going on and on and on...
        
       | rsp1984 wrote:
       | Can anybody with an understanding of the matter ELI5 to me how it
       | can be that, given all the uncertainty, 1 Tether is still trading
       | for ~1 USD on the major exchanges? That price seems to be
       | determined by the open market. There are competing stablecoins.
       | Is everybody just so confident that Tether is the real deal?
        
         | zatertip wrote:
         | No short of sufficient size yet
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | How would a short change things? If it did push down the
           | price, all that would mean is that tether could rebuy them at
           | a discount and make a profit.
        
         | teh_infallible wrote:
         | It certainly is strange that Tether hasn't been shut down for
         | counterfeiting, which is essentially what they are doing.
         | 
         | I assume people in the banking industry allow them to operate
         | as a way to hold leverage over the crypto markets and absorb
         | capital that would otherwise flow to altcoins.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | > It certainly is strange that Tether hasn't been shut down
           | for counterfeiting, which is essentially what they are doing.
           | 
           | It really isn't counterfeiting. If you made fake hundred
           | dollar bills and passed them off, that'll be counterfeiting.
           | However, if you decided to give a bunch of people $100 IOUs
           | and claim they're "totally backed by real dollars in a vault
           | somewhere", but they're not, then it's just fraud. The NY AG
           | and/or CFPB were able to prosecute/fine them for that, but
           | they also got rid of the "totally backed by real dollars in a
           | vault somewhere" claim, so whether they're currently
           | committing fraud is unclear.
        
           | leoh wrote:
           | You can't pull a rug out from under your own feet
        
           | repomies69 wrote:
           | There are some other stablecoins, like USDC (about half the
           | size of Tether. Why would Tether need to be closed down while
           | USC not? Or do you think all of them should be shut down?
           | 
           | Tether is just an IOU note. I don't have problems with IOU
           | notes, unless someone forces me to use them. Personally I
           | haven't used tether and probably never will, however I don't
           | have any problem if someone else wants to use it.
        
             | arez wrote:
             | you don't understand the problem of printing IOUs and
             | buying btc with it. You don't have to care, but you will if
             | everything goes to zero
        
         | Qworg wrote:
         | Why do you assume the price is determined by the open market?
         | Who are the large scale crypto entities that would bet against
         | Tether?
         | 
         | This happens every time the price dips, but the current best
         | explanation/theory is that Tether prints more USDT with BTC
         | backing from exchanges, who then use that USDT to buy BTC from
         | the market. The issue is that the exchange is part of that
         | loop.
        
       | babyshake wrote:
       | When it says out of thin air, it means that is some verifiable
       | confirmation of no collateral? Or is the "out of thin air" part
       | just means normal minting?
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | Tether is super shady but this headline is unnecessarily
         | editorialized. Also, this USDT is "authorized but not yet
         | issued" so technically it only needs to be backed once it's
         | issued. https://tether.to/tether-issuance-primer/
         | https://thecaspiancey.medium.com/understanding-tether-missio...
        
           | diveanon wrote:
           | This is the only knowledgeable answers in this thread.
           | 
           | Minting is the first step in the process.
        
         | JohnHaugeland wrote:
         | Lol, are you demanding people prove collateral doesn't exist,
         | after the other collaterals they lied about became so clear
         | with time?
         | 
         | .
         | 
         | "Or is the "out of thin air" part just means normal minting?"
         | 
         | There is no normal minting with a coin that claims to be
         | verifiably one to one backed by hard assets.
        
         | poetically wrote:
         | No one has seen any of their collateral or knows how much of it
         | they actually have. I believe the finance people call this
         | being over-leveraged but I'm not an expert. Seems kinda weird
         | that the SEC hasn't looked into it.
        
           | spookthesunset wrote:
           | I mean to be fair, they did have an auditor back in 2018. But
           | the auditor quit before completing their investigation.
           | 
           | Auditors quitting is never a good sign.
           | 
           | https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2018/01/27/tether-
           | confirms-...
        
             | gadnuk wrote:
             | It's even worse than that. Tether fired that auditor
             | (Friedman LLC) because they were looking into it in a bit
             | more detail.
             | 
             | From the very same article: "Given the excruciatingly
             | detailed procedures Friedman was undertaking for the
             | relatively simple balance sheet of Tether, it became clear
             | that an audit would be unattainable in a reasonable time
             | frame."
             | 
             | Even Friedman LLP says in the internal memo "Do not rely on
             | this report".
             | 
             | It's been almost 4 years since that and no independent firm
             | has ever audited Tether.
        
           | christophilus wrote:
           | I think the SEC would have to first establish it as a
           | security, no? It's currently in a legs grey area.
        
             | poetically wrote:
             | I don't know. I'm not an expert but seems like there should
             | be some institution that figures out whether financial
             | games like stablecoins are actually economically beneficial
             | and whether they should be regulated in some way or other.
        
           | spuz wrote:
           | The US treasury released a report on stablecoins last month
           | warning that a run on them could disrupt the wider financial
           | system:
           | 
           | > In addition to market integrity, investor protection, and
           | illicit finance concerns, the potential for the increased use
           | of stablecoins as a means of payment raises a range of
           | prudential concerns. If stablecoin issuers do not honor a
           | request to redeem a stablecoin, or if users lose confidence
           | in a stablecoin issuer's ability to honor such a request,
           | runs on the arrangement could occur that may result in harm
           | to users and the broader financial system. Further, to the
           | extent stablecoins are widely used to facilitate payments,
           | disruptions to the payment chain that allows stablecoins to
           | be transferred among users could lead to a loss of payments
           | efficiency and safety and undermine the functioning of the
           | broader economy. The potential for stablecoin arrangements to
           | scale rapidly raises additional issues related to systemic
           | risk and concentration of economic power.
           | 
           | I see this as the government equivalent of shouting from the
           | rooftops. It's just a shame no one will treat it that way.
           | 
           | https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/StableCoinReport_.
           | ..
        
       | joering2 wrote:
       | Half a billion $ is printed everyday by BEP. (just to compare)
        
         | advisedwang wrote:
         | Half a billion, of which 95% is replacing older money going out
         | of circulation. So really the comparison is 25MM.
        
       | sabujp wrote:
       | So something like this?                   0. Mint dollars backed
       | by nukes and military and in anticipation of GDP growth
       | 1. Create new cryptos out of thin air to suck in dollars
       | 2. Mint USDT in *anticipation* of swaps from non-stable cryptos.
       | No dollars have actually been deposited yet!         3. USDTs
       | actually come in? maybe, maybe not, maybe fuck yourself.
       | 4. Loan out USDT to hedge funds for crypto futures trading.
       | 5. Give back portion of interest to people who stashed the USDT.
       | 
       | 2-4 is where it gets sketchy.
        
       | jagger27 wrote:
       | Can someone explain why this is on the "TRON" blockchain? I
       | thought Tether was on Ethereum.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | Tether operates on a bunch of chains including Ethereum, TRON,
         | and Omni.
        
         | cliftonk wrote:
         | TRON is used for tether payments in Southeast Asia, so there's
         | a decent amount of volume there. These tether takes eg "printed
         | out of thin air" etc are tiresome. They also do billions in
         | redemptions. Even if half their commercial paper was in Chinese
         | real estate developers (which I think is a dumb rumor), it's
         | still likely they end up 90%+ collateralized if everything
         | suddenly moved against them. Around halfway thru this podcast
         | Sam bankman-fried + Matt Levine do some scenario analysis
         | https://open.spotify.com/episode/2Oy0ZRklDSMMu40PTDiyOd?si=M...
         | 
         | My take on all of it is that the tether doomers have no idea
         | what they're talking about. Even the UT finance professors'
         | charts can be explained by the simple idea that people that
         | made a lot of money in crypto wanted to take some of it off the
         | table.
        
         | MisterBiggs wrote:
         | Just about every Ethereum competitor has some equivalent to
         | ERC20 tokens. I'm surprised Tether dedicated 1 Billion USDT to
         | TRON but its likely because they don't think there will be any
         | repercussions for creating liquidity out of thin air.
        
           | qeternity wrote:
           | A huge amount of Tether is TRC20 (if memory serves, the
           | majority). Tron is very China centric, and Tether has massive
           | connections to Chinese capital control evasion.
        
             | tzone wrote:
             | Nah, most of USDT is on TRC20 because gas fees are way
             | cheaper there and most of the exchanges support withdrawing
             | USDT using TRC20.
             | 
             | So all arbitrageurs, market makers, etc, transfer USDT
             | between different entities through TRC20 network. USDT on
             | TRC20 started to increase only after Ethereum gas fees got
             | ridiculously high and it became too expensive to use even
             | for pretty high volume market makers.
        
               | qeternity wrote:
               | Absolutely not. Large Tron issuances started well before
               | Ethereum gas fees soared. We are talking a couple of
               | years ago.
               | 
               | Also, market makers moving Tether around do not give two
               | shits about $60 in gas fees or whatever. Additionally, a
               | huge amount of Tether has gone into DeFi on Ethereum and
               | L2s (or bridged to newer L1s, which typically don't have
               | a Tron bridge).
        
         | leishman wrote:
         | Because it's faster and cheaper
        
         | josefrichter wrote:
         | In fact Tether is on pretty much all chains.
        
           | Asparagirl wrote:
           | The ice-nine of crypto.
        
       | alpha_squared wrote:
       | Every time there's a tether story here, the inevitable discussion
       | of fraudulent activity comes up because Tether seems like an
       | outright scam. I'm inclined to believe all that from what I've
       | read and however little I can make sense of. However, I can't
       | really tell how this ends. They seem confident that there will be
       | no repercussions to minting money out of thin air and, so far,
       | they've been right.
       | 
       | Eventually, that's bound to catch up, but I suspect it's going to
       | hurt a lot more than just those with crypto assets and hurt a lot
       | of those without crypto assets, no?
        
         | joe_the_user wrote:
         | _They seem confident that there will be no repercussions to
         | minting money out of thin air and, so far, they 've been
         | right._
         | 
         | Tether and bitcoin have been very robust, bitcoin has crashed
         | and recovered many times now. But I have to say that every
         | single bubble has involved the statement "so far, they've been
         | right." as the follow-up to "this time things are different".
        
         | bb88 wrote:
         | Right now I think a good analogy is it's like musical chairs.
         | The game is fine as long as the music is playing. When the
         | music stops, someone's gonna lose big.
         | 
         | The problem is when the music stops and there's a run on
         | crypto. People are trying to get out of $USDT and convert it
         | into cash. Exchanges have to have buyers of $USDT so they can
         | exchange $USDT back into cash for anyone that wants to. But
         | they can't just create dollars out of thin air. If there's no
         | buyers for $USDT anymore than the "currency" flatlines, it's no
         | longer tied to the dollar.
         | 
         | If Tether were truly backed 1:1, Tether itself could just buy
         | $USDT with its own cash on any exchange, and that would be
         | enough to keep their currency afloat and stop the run.
        
           | notjesse wrote:
           | This makes me think; what if you shorted USDT?
           | 
           | There seems to be almost no scenario where USDT becomes more
           | valuable than the USD, and the worst case is it continues to
           | be worth the same.
           | 
           | But there is a fair probability it becomes worthless, meaning
           | that you gain from it.
           | 
           | While you need to pay premiums in the interim, for something
           | with an indefinite timeframe, that risk seems fairly minor
           | for the potential reward.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | I just realized Tether is now bigger than Madoff.
        
         | peakaboo wrote:
         | This also means that nobody needs to be poor. Anyone can just
         | get some money since its tied to nothing.
        
           | rp1 wrote:
           | Relative scarcity is a necessity for any currency.
        
             | peakaboo wrote:
             | Of course but you could give people some free money
             | nevertheless and it would make the world a better place.
             | 
             | What do you think would happen if you gave 1000 dollars to
             | each person in America every month? I think a lot of good
             | would come from that and not much bad.
        
               | est31 wrote:
               | I'm in favour of UBI, but note that it'd require
               | extremely strict immigration policy as well as good
               | enforcement of it, which is generally something the left
               | very much dislikes.
               | 
               | As already seen with covid aid, people wouldn't work in
               | low wage jobs any more. This would lead to inflation or
               | disappearance of some amenities. E.g. you might have to
               | put your groceries into your bag yourself, or might have
               | to pay a dollar extra for that service. This isn't
               | something negative though, just a neutral change I guess.
               | 
               | It would help a lot of poor and suffering people, but
               | note that even in countries with good unemployment
               | benefits, homeless people still exist.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > I'm in favour of UBI, but note that it'd require
               | extremely strict immigration policy as well as good
               | enforcement of it
               | 
               | What do you mean by "strict" and why is this inaginee5 to
               | be necessary? Note that UBI is usually envisioned with a
               | defined population but the absence of means or behavior
               | testing within that population, either "citizens" or
               | "citizens and LPRs" or "citizens and aliens with work
               | authorization" or "citizens and aliens with satisfactory
               | immigration status in a specific set of visa categories
               | based on basis and duration" would all be valid
               | populations, with wildly different impacts on the
               | viability of UBI with any given immigration policy.
               | 
               | > I'm in favour of UBI, but note that it'd require
               | extremely strict immigration policy as well as good
               | enforcement of it,
               | 
               | COVID aid isn't like UBI, critically, key parts of it
               | (enhanced unemployment) are conditioned on absence of
               | work or reduction of it below pre-benefits levels, and
               | thus forces people to choose between benefits and work.
               | This is the kind of incentive with means tested benefits
               | that UBI is intended to fix.
        
               | est31 wrote:
               | To your first point, regardless of which class of people
               | you consider for UBI inclusion, even if you only consider
               | citizens of the USA, it will have a tremendously
               | attractive effect for billions of people around the
               | globe. Even now quite many people want to immigrate in to
               | the USA and the USA has multiple systems designed to keep
               | them out, but UBI will make this _way_ worse, which is
               | why I said that enforcement needs to be very strict.
               | 
               | Plus I'd say it would be even more unfair for the
               | undocumented immigrants than it is now because they would
               | not get any UBI. But if you gave UBI to the undocumented,
               | way more people would attempt to become undocumented
               | immigrants, by overstaying their visas, etc. Which then
               | probably will lead to you having to issue less short term
               | visas, or actually deporting undocumented immigrants.
        
               | elzbardico wrote:
               | Where did it came from? From taxes? Then ok, it probably
               | would work.
               | 
               | Now if it came out of thin air, right from the printing
               | presses, a whole lotta hurt of inflation
        
               | opinion-is-bad wrote:
               | That's not free money; it's money taken from people under
               | threat of violence.
        
               | SantalBlush wrote:
               | Not agreeing with the parent comment, but I fail to see
               | how printing money and distributing it involves violence.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | The USA actually does have laws against creating anything
               | that might be interpreted as competing with the official
               | currency. This is the most likely avenue for violence to
               | come in, as people try to resist devalued money by using
               | substitutes.
        
               | SantalBlush wrote:
               | Holding crypto is legal in the US, so again, I fail to
               | see how this involves violence.
        
               | secondcoming wrote:
               | A loaf of bread would cost $100
        
               | ant6n wrote:
               | True. Since once there will be a UBI, the demand of bread
               | will go waaaay up. People will eat 100,000 calories a
               | day.
        
               | atdrummond wrote:
               | A UBI doesn't necessarily result in inflation. The later
               | is a combination of monetary policy and expectations.
               | UBIs can be paid by means other than printing money.
        
               | rzz3 wrote:
               | Yes, providing money without any attached good or service
               | or unit of value definitely won't cause inflation/s WHAT?
        
               | atdrummond wrote:
               | Huh? Do you think welfare transfer payments cause
               | inflation?
        
               | zhoujianfu wrote:
               | The thing is, inflation caused by printing money AND
               | distributing it directly and every to all people is
               | fine... it's just the most efficient / progressive wealth
               | tax!
               | 
               | Even if (printing and then) giving everybody $40K/yr
               | caused, say, 40% inflation, anybody making under
               | $100K/year would be better off. You actually wouldn't
               | need any taxes if the government just printed all money
               | it needed, hopefully most of which is in the form of
               | direct checks to all residents/citizens.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >it's just the most efficient / progressive wealth tax!
               | 
               | no, it's not a wealth tax. it's a cash tax. if you
               | printed money and caused 100% inflation, that'll just
               | cause every scarce asset (eg. houses, stocks, gold) to
               | double in price. Since the rich hold most of their wealth
               | in assets, not cash, I doubt it will be fair or
               | progressive.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | They're also the best (and possibly only equitable) way
               | of distributing money that you're going to print anyway
               | for e.g. economic stimulus.
        
               | sombremesa wrote:
               | > I think a lot of good would come from that and not much
               | bad.
               | 
               | Here something that'd happen - the homeless in
               | encampments would get hoovered up by slumlords who put
               | them in squalor and consume their $1k checks. Poor people
               | would have more children because each child = $1k/mo,
               | even if they have to wait 18 years. Abduction would be
               | easy - the ransom pays itself over time. Fraud would be
               | rampant. The ultra poor underclass who are undocumented
               | would still get nothing, further exacerbating the divide.
        
               | atdrummond wrote:
               | Not a single legitimate theoretical or experimental
               | economics research paper supports these extreme claims
               | for the effect of a UBI.
        
               | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
               | " Abduction would be easy - the ransom pays itself over
               | time. Fraud would be rampant."
               | 
               | Do we have any evidence that abduction and fraud is
               | rampant in countries in Western Europe, known for the
               | very generous social programs? Are they exploding with
               | poor people having kids??? Is it dangerous to live in,
               | idk, Sweden because someone is gonna kidnap you for your
               | social bux? I'm genuinely asking because the notion of
               | rampant abducting and child having hasn't happened in
               | countries I know of with very generous social programs.
        
               | tonguez wrote:
               | Your first sentence is grammatically incorrect and
               | incoherent.
               | 
               | "Poor people would have more children because each child
               | = [$$$]"
               | 
               | A lot of poor people already do this for this exact
               | reason.
               | 
               | "The ultra poor underclass who are undocumented would
               | still get nothing"
               | 
               | Should a person be allowed to enter Japan, refuse to
               | leave and then demand the Japanese people pay them $1k a
               | month?
        
             | kwertyoowiyop wrote:
             | The previous commenter thought he could get away with
             | omitting "/s" and has been proven wrong.
        
           | analog31 wrote:
           | The major government money systems are tied to the short term
           | expected behavior of major governments.
        
           | fennecfoxen wrote:
           | "Poverty" is not about how much money you have, income or
           | wealth. The only reason money matters to poverty or to human
           | well-being is when that money can buy something meaningful.
           | If we find we are able to forget this, it stands as a
           | testament to the remarkable stability of modern fiat
           | currency.
           | 
           | Marking arbitrary large numbers in digital ledgers,
           | blockchain or otherwise, does not cause prosperity. When
           | everyone has infinite money, no one has any money at all,
           | they just have their things.
        
         | superjan wrote:
         | Beyond the fraud allegations, the idea that an organisation can
         | just print extra money as they see fit, doesn't that go against
         | the principles of crypto finance? I am genuinely curious why
         | people think that is a sustainable idea.
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | Tether claims that they are not printing money. Whether they
           | follow their own rules is disputed, but there are rules.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | Oberbaumbrucke wrote:
           | Few understand this
        
           | aaronax wrote:
           | What are the principles of crypto finance?
           | 
           | Who thinks Tether is sustainable?
           | 
           | Tether is just someone with digital Monopoly (game) money
           | basically.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >Beyond the fraud allegations, the idea that an organisation
           | can just print extra money as they see fit, doesn't that go
           | against the principles of crypto finance?
           | 
           | or maybe the crypto community isn't a monolith, and all the
           | cryptoanarchists aren't the people who hold/support tether?
        
           | dathinab wrote:
           | > principles of crypto finance
           | 
           | There isn't really such a think.
           | 
           | There are many crypto currencies with different goals and
           | approaches to handling market dynamics. And there are some
           | where doing such a think is fully against there principles
           | and would brake their marked dynamics. But not necessary for
           | other reasons. But this also means you need to look at the
           | specific crypto system in question to decide why it might or
           | might not work.
           | 
           | I don't know much about Tether specifically, but lets say you
           | have a new arbitrary crypto currency you try to make price
           | stable, but like many crypto currencies it end up having
           | deflationary tendencies (more demand, money getting "locked"
           | in, etc.). In which case minting new coins would not only be
           | sustainable but likely necessary.
        
           | javert wrote:
           | Bitcoin is principled. Crypto is not principled.
        
             | beaconstudios wrote:
             | Bitcoin is also not principled. Plenty of people are just
             | speculating and trying to not be the bagholder.
        
               | javert wrote:
               | You can't keep traders from trading bitcoin. That doesn't
               | mean bitcoin is unprincipled. It's in the whitepaper and
               | the design of bitcoin. For example, the 21M btc supply
               | limit. Bitcoin's design reflects a certain ideology about
               | money.
        
               | threepio wrote:
               | Bitcoin: by limiting issuance to 21M we have made price
               | manipulation of our currency impossible
               | 
               | Tether: hold my beer
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Bitcoin: by limiting issuance to 21M we have made price
               | manipulation of our currency impossible
               | 
               | At what point did people claim that "price manipulation
               | of [bitcoin]" was "impossible"? I think you're mistaking
               | "price manipulation" with "dilution" (eg. quantitative
               | easing or debasing).
        
               | beaconstudios wrote:
               | Technologies don't have principles, people who use them
               | have principles; the people who buy and sell bitcoin are
               | mostly the same as the other cryptocoins.
               | 
               | Satoshi intended certain principles with the creation of
               | bitcoin, but these are not the predominant driver of its
               | use in actuality.
        
           | tinco wrote:
           | The principles of crypto finance? Cryptocurrencies are not
           | built on principles, they are built on technologies. The only
           | unifying principle across all cryptocurrencies that I've
           | noticed is that you access your assets through a
           | cryptographic hash. You could launch USD+SEPA+your banks
           | online banking interface today and call it a cryptocurrency,
           | it's as much a cryptocurrency as for example Ripple is.
           | 
           | edit: ok the other "principle" might be that all (most?)
           | cryptocurrencies are independent from government, they are
           | owned and managed by individuals, companies and groups of
           | people/devices (if you're lucky).
        
         | alpaca128 wrote:
         | Yes, Tether comes with a ton of suspicious circumstances and
         | leadership that just nervously repeats the phrase "the money is
         | there!" in interviews. A YouTube channel named Coffeezilla has
         | been doing some great reporting & investigations on it (and
         | many other crypto scams). It's insane what's going down on the
         | crypto market, including influencers selling unmarked ads for
         | currencies.
        
         | Eji1700 wrote:
         | " They seem confident that there will be no repercussions to
         | minting money out of thin air and, so far, they've been right."
         | 
         | For the most part the crypto market being unregulated means
         | that there can't be any consequences, except for market
         | consequences. And market consequences are vaaaaastly worse.
         | It's basically like having no one make you wear a seat belt.
         | Sure seems fine until you're just dead.
        
           | lumost wrote:
           | It's still a great deal for the perpetrators to only make 1MM
           | in liquid capital after defrauding billions. Non-market
           | consequences of theft include jail time and forefeiture of
           | funds outside of an LLC.
        
       | IronWolve wrote:
       | https://protos.com/tether-papers-crypto-stablecoin-usdt-inve...
        
       | bee_rider wrote:
       | "$USDT" seems intentionally named to confuse people and imply
       | that there's some relationship to, like, actual dollars. Has the
       | US government ever sued somebody for trademark infringement?
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | 1. Is that actually confusing? The first time I saw "USDT" on
         | an exchange, it was immediately obvious that it wasn't real US
         | dollars, mainly because of the extra "T". If I logged onto my
         | wells fargo account and saw that my balance was in USDW ("W"
         | for wells fargo), I'd be pretty concerned as well.
         | 
         | 2. does the federal government even hold a trademark on "USD"?
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | If they couldn't stop eurodollars back in the day maybe they
         | can't stop USDT for the same reason.
        
       | jeraldv wrote:
       | There still has yet to be any verification of anything backing
       | Tether. It is likely to be literally thin air.
        
       | randyrand wrote:
       | All of crypto is literally out of thin air.
       | 
       | I feel like i'm taking crazy pills.
        
         | Asparagirl wrote:
         | At least with tulips you could plant a nice garden. And if you
         | could keep the deer and voles away, they would slowly multiply
         | over time, with no quantitative easing needed at all, just sun,
         | rain, and good soil.
        
       | lbotos wrote:
       | Is this right:
       | 
       | The problem with tether is a lot of crypto use it as sort of an
       | "on-chain peg" and some people trade "real value crypto"
       | (bitcoin) for tether. It's not a problem until the actual tether
       | holders can't cash out to fiat.
       | 
       | The secondary effect is that tether may be pumping the price of
       | all crypto everywhere because it's so ubiquitous.
       | 
       | Do I have this right? I'm mostly stuck on the "value" of tether
       | beyond some sort of "accounting" or "tax avoidance" (no judgement
       | here, trying to figure out why ppl would have tether's instead of
       | "actual crypto".
        
         | Osiris wrote:
         | If one is using something like Uniswap to exchange crypto, you
         | cannot go directly to Fiat, so people that want to sell a token
         | or Ethereum will trade the asset for USDT and then later trade
         | the USDT for another asset when the price has dropped.
         | 
         | It's just a way to buy and sell crypto with an intermediate
         | asset that has almost no price volatility.
        
       | pmontra wrote:
       | So what happens if the owner of that billion attempts to convert
       | one thousand into USD?
        
         | TheDudeMan wrote:
         | They get one thousand USD (but I think they need to wait until
         | a 3rd party wants to do the trade). That works right up until
         | the inevitable collapse. Anyone who holds Tether is a fool.
         | That's even dumber than buying an NFT.
        
           | poetically wrote:
           | This is the bottle imp paradox:
           | https://boingboing.net/2019/02/07/the-paradox-of-the-
           | bottle-.... The crash is far enough in the future that people
           | don't worry about buying into USDT because they think they
           | can sell it off before the inevitable crash.
        
         | gitfan86 wrote:
         | They never will. There is no liquidity. How many crypto people
         | have cashed out all of their money? The scam is to build up
         | this community of people who are convinced that the USD is
         | going to be worthless in the future and that crypto is going to
         | be only way of buying things in the future. Like Maddof there
         | is no end game, just keep telling people that their gains exist
         | and that they are idiots if they cash out, forever.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | tzone wrote:
       | People who have no idea how crypto markets work always get riled
       | up by these tweets. Contrary to popular belief, there is
       | generally huge demand spike for USDT when crypto market has flash
       | crashes, not other way around.
       | 
       | More USDT got issued because there was opportunity to make
       | 0.1-0.2% on each new USDT since demand for it was that high (i.e.
       | people were paying real USD to buy USDT at a premium, imagine
       | that).
       | 
       | USDT (and USDC) demand spikes during crypto crashes because
       | people actually cash out to these instruments because they are so
       | widely used and trusted by actual market players. People aren't
       | cashing out of crypto ecosystem during most crashes, money
       | actually stays in crypto networks.
        
         | qeternity wrote:
         | > Contrary to popular belief, there is generally huge demand
         | spike for USDT when crypto market has flash crashes, not other
         | way around.
         | 
         | This is not contrary to popular belief at all. Tether almost
         | always prints a few billion around large pullbacks, and the
         | cynical view is that this is to stabilize markets by buying the
         | dip.
         | 
         | > More USDT got issued because there was opportunity to make
         | 0.1-0.2% on each new USDT since demand for it was that high
         | (i.e. people were paying real USD to buy USDT at a premium,
         | imagine that).
         | 
         | Uh yeah this is not at all how stablecoin premia get arbed. If
         | you'd like a real answer, I'd be happy to explain. But I get
         | the feeling that you're pretty invested in crypto and just want
         | answers which align with your beliefs.
        
       | mangoman wrote:
       | Some of these transactions on whale alert are extremely
       | interesting -
       | 
       | https://whale-alert.io/transaction/bitcoin/be11f0e7c040a3f5c...
       | 
       | https://whale-alert.io/transaction/bitcoin/28bfa6497df054f42...
       | 
       | someone has been moving the same number of bitcoin between
       | wallets like hot potato between wallets, about $730 million
       | dollars. Why?
        
       | throwaway4good wrote:
       | Data on the major stable coins are available on coinmarketcap -
       | click market cap, one month:
       | 
       | https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/usd-coin/
       | 
       | https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/tether/
       | 
       | Tether's market cap - or dollar supply goes from 72 to 75B - up
       | 3B USD.
       | 
       | USD Coin (related to Circle and Coinbase) goes from 34B to 41B -
       | up 6B USD.
        
       | seaourfreed wrote:
       | We are closer to them collapsing
        
       | cmckn wrote:
       | I understand why stablecoins exist, but doesn't an operation like
       | Tether go against the decentralization goal of "crypto"? The fact
       | that the ecosystem has become dependent on these types of players
       | is interesting to me. Why hasn't the community demanded even
       | basic transparency about their operations? It seems to be totally
       | exempt from the pious expectations of other crypto projects.
        
         | BrissyCoder wrote:
         | Most of the crypto heads on Twitter actually seem to believe
         | that it is properly backed. But you know, you're judging the
         | opinion of people who invest in cartoon apes.
        
           | qeternity wrote:
           | > Most of the crypto heads on Twitter actually seem to
           | believe that it is properly backed.
           | 
           | I don't think anyone genuinely believes this. But as long as
           | everyone knows the game, but the peg holds and their bags are
           | pumped, then nobody cares.
        
       | BrissyCoder wrote:
       | Nah. It's backed by cash and cash equivalents mate.
        
         | natch wrote:
         | So in other words, long term, it's backed by toilet paper.
        
           | BrissyCoder wrote:
           | I think that kind of paper wouldn't make for a very
           | comfortable ass wiping so no - lacking the utility of TP.
        
       | pezzana wrote:
       | And? So what?
       | 
       | If that quantity of Tether (1/75 of the float) were dumped into
       | the open market for USD, you'd expect to see the USD change rate
       | fall. That clearly hasn't happened. The rate has been very close
       | to 1:1 forever.
       | 
       | There's this unsubstantiated conspiracy theory that as I gather
       | goes like this: Tether prints tokens, uses them to buy bitcoin
       | when the USDBTC exchange rate falls. These Tether issuance spikes
       | always happen after BTC corrections, and this is taken as
       | evidence of pumping USDBTC.
       | 
       | The problem is that if there were legitimate buying of BTC with
       | Tether, which is plausible after the ass-whooping USDBTC has
       | taken recently, new Tether would need to be issued to keep the
       | 1:1 peg.
       | 
       | Sources critical of Tether IMO don't provide the evidence needed
       | to distinguish the two scenarios.
        
         | qeternity wrote:
         | > The problem is that if there were legitimate buying of BTC
         | with Tether, which is plausible after the ass-whooping USDBTC
         | has taken recently, new Tether would need to be issued to keep
         | the 1:1 peg.
         | 
         | Um, no. Not sure how you think markets work, but this isn't
         | right. Suggest you ask yourself if you really understand this
         | topic, or if you own some crypto and thus have an incentive to
         | believe you understand it so that you can dismiss it and enjoy
         | the sweet crypto gainz.
        
         | chpatrick wrote:
         | > If that quantity of Tether (1/75 of the float) were dumped
         | into the open market for USD, you'd expect to see the USD
         | change rate fall.
         | 
         | Not if the small amount of people who want to redeem their
         | Tethers for USD or vice versa are able to. Everyone else will
         | happily trade at that rate as long as they feel confident what
         | they own is equivalent to a dollar. The problem is if everyone
         | suddenly wants their money back and it turns out it doesn't
         | exist.
        
         | throwvirtever wrote:
         | > [I]f there were legitimate buying of BTC with Tether, which
         | is plausible after the ass-whooping USDBTC has taken recently,
         | new Tether would need to be issued to keep the 1:1 peg.
         | 
         | Can you explain in detail why new Tether would need to be
         | issued?
        
           | qeternity wrote:
           | It wouldn't. OP doesn't understand.
        
       | fredgrott wrote:
       | I have some very exclusive Dutch Tulips to sell you for small
       | amount, they will go up
       | 
       | (side-ways glance) how do we short this?
        
       | bob332 wrote:
       | Who cares. Let the fools waste their money
        
       | mrtweetyhack wrote:
       | So now they need to pay taxes on that
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | wc- wrote:
       | Regarding this "print":
       | https://twitter.com/paoloardoino/status/1467504705857335302?...
       | 
       | "PSA: 1B USDt inventory replenish on Tron Network. Note this is a
       | authorized but not issued transaction, meaning that this amount
       | will be used as inventory for next period issuance requests and
       | chain swaps."
       | 
       | The tether CTO routinely comments on these seemingly large moves
       | because people get very worked up about them.
       | 
       | Why does tether seem to bring out the tinfoil theories from
       | people that have absolutely 0 background in finance or crypto
       | market structure or econ in general.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | Tether could allay these concerns by getting audited and
         | cleaning up all the investigations against them.
        
           | FDSGSG wrote:
           | > cleaning up all the investigations against them
           | 
           | This makes it pretty obvious that you're not arguing in good
           | faith. I guess you would have given Steven Hatfill or Wen Ho
           | Lee the same advice?
        
             | qeternity wrote:
             | Lol Tether's own attestations make mention of the numerous
             | open investigations.
             | 
             | There's no good faith argument to be had. It's just a
             | matter of fact.
        
               | FDSGSG wrote:
               | The idea that one could just "clean up" government
               | investigations is downright ridiculous. That's not how it
               | works, no matter how innocent you may be.
        
         | qeternity wrote:
         | > Why does tether seem to bring out the tinfoil theories from
         | people that have absolutely 0 background in finance or crypto
         | market structure or econ in general.
         | 
         | Hilarious. People with backgrounds in finance are for the most
         | part the group of people that have made an issue about this,
         | myself included.
         | 
         | But more curiously, I'm not even sure what you're attempting to
         | to convey with this comment? Do you think that a background in
         | finance, or econ, is necessary to understand the incredibly
         | simple business that Tether operates, and the even simpler
         | reasons of why it is likely problematic (if not an outright
         | fraud)?
        
       | edoceo wrote:
       | Is this the Billion that was invested into the Trump social?
        
       | csomar wrote:
       | To put this into perspective
       | 
       | 1. 1 billion is just 1.33% of the total USD Tether has issued.
       | 
       | 2. USDC also issued 1bn in the last 24 hours.
        
         | santhoshnarayan wrote:
         | source re usdc?
        
           | gadnuk wrote:
           | Actually $1.9 billion USDC was printed since the dip.
           | 
           | And $2 billion USDT
           | 
           | Source: https://twitter.com/LucaLand97/status/146759165687049
           | 4210?s=...
           | 
           | Source for USDC prints: https://twitter.com/usdcoinprinter
        
         | rglullis wrote:
         | Circle has passed multiple audits. Coinbase is a company that
         | managed to at least convince the SEC they are doing things
         | correctly. Also important, no one from Circle/Coinbase
         | leadership is missing, incommunicado or in hiding.
        
           | qeternity wrote:
           | > Circle has passed multiple audits.
           | 
           | Circle has absolutely never been audited. Circle, like
           | Tether, has published attestations, which do not remotely
           | approach the thoroughness of an audit.
        
             | seibelj wrote:
             | I worked at Circle. If you think that Jeremy Allaire is
             | going to go to federal prison, you are out of your mind.
             | Their combined in-house plus external legal teams are
             | larger than 95% of the YC startup headcounts. The US
             | government has been all over them for years.
        
               | qeternity wrote:
               | > I worked at Circle. If you think that Jeremy Allaire is
               | going to go to federal prison, you are out of your mind.
               | 
               | You're making massive leap in logic. I completely agree
               | with you. Regulators have been absurdly slow to react,
               | and I think that both Circle and Tether will probably end
               | up just fine, at least legally. There may be a
               | cataclysmic breaking of the peg but ultimately it will be
               | retail that gets slaughtered. Tether's own terms from day
               | 1 have basically told you that all you're getting from
               | them is something that hopefully someone else will value
               | for close to $1.
               | 
               | I think these guys are pretty iron clad. Doesn't change
               | the fact that Tether has almost certainly played a key
               | role in manipulating crypto higher, on the mild end by
               | providing leverage through crypto collateralized loans,
               | and at the serious end by outright fraudulently printing
               | Tether.
        
             | rglullis wrote:
             | Ok. I stand corrected. Call them attestations.
             | 
             | Nonetheless, they have been done by independent third-
             | parties who are a lot more reputed than whatever has
             | actually managed to look into Tether's data. Even if you
             | take the "attestation" done by Tether at face value, it
             | showed a mix of assets that is absolutely unhealthy.
        
               | qeternity wrote:
               | Cool. So you clearly have no idea what an attestation is,
               | or why the fact that it's not an audit is so important.
               | 
               | > Nonetheless, they have been done by independent third-
               | parties who are a lot more reputed than whatever has
               | actually managed to look into Tether's data.
               | 
               | Like the New York Attorney General? Go read the NYAG
               | settlement. Tether got an attestation by wiring in $850m
               | of Bitfinex's cash to their account the morning before an
               | attestation, and then wiring it back to Bitfinex
               | immediately after. The attestations merely state certain
               | very shallow facts like "at this point in time, there
               | were $X assets in an account". They do not audit the
               | source and ultimate ownership of those things.
               | 
               | Look man, I get that you want someone to pump your bags.
               | But sometimes it's best to just bite your tongue. Tether
               | doesn't have any defense. They may be totally legit, and
               | if they are, it's totally indefensible to act this way.
               | And if they're not legit, well...
        
               | rglullis wrote:
               | > Tether doesn't have any defense
               | 
               | I am not defending Tether, quite the opposite. My only
               | argument is in favor of Circle, and even then admittedly
               | in terms of "Circle at least provides a better _sense_ of
               | legitimacy ".
               | 
               | > I get that you want someone to pump your bags.
               | 
               | Sure, I will make a fortune by shilling USDC. /s
               | 
               | Anyway, you are right. I was under the impression that
               | Circle was doing proper audits, and if that is not true,
               | we need more people and exchanges pressuring them to do
               | or to stop using it.
        
           | vesinisa wrote:
           | Wrong, USDC has never been auditted. They do publish a
           | monthly "attestation" by an independent accountant that seems
           | to amount to tautologically saying that they are satisfied
           | that Circle is not engaged in fraud IF the account balances
           | provided by Circle are truthful: https://www.centre.io/usdc-
           | transparency
        
         | skookum wrote:
         | More perspective:
         | 
         | - A year ago 1B USDT would have been more than 5% of it's
         | market cap.
         | 
         | - A year ago 1B USDC would have been 33% of it's market cap,
         | today it is 2.5%.
         | 
         | A lot of stablecoin mintage has occurred over the past year.
        
       | unixhero wrote:
       | Are tethers on Tron now??
        
       | quangv wrote:
       | I kinda of think this is causing the current housing prices
       | bubble.
        
         | newsbinator wrote:
         | Please elaborate
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | lilSebastian wrote:
         | Care to explain?
        
         | jeraldv wrote:
         | More generally, this concept of creating money out of thin air,
         | yes.
        
         | intuitionist wrote:
         | Tether's total (on-chain) liabilities sum to a bit less than
         | two months' worth of Federal Reserve purchases of agency
         | mortgage-backed securities. They're huge, if they're a fraud
         | they're probably the biggest ever, but in macro terms they're
         | small fry.
        
           | tehlike wrote:
           | inflating crypto prices, people end up diversifying into real
           | estate.
        
       | zhoujianfu wrote:
       | I'm not saying tether is fully backed (I think it's been admitted
       | they're not), but do people not understand how it even ostensibly
       | works?
       | 
       | When people sell other crypto for tether/USDC, they are
       | essentially "buying" tether/USDC. Which tether and circle "print"
       | out of thin air... but ostensibly back by selling the other
       | crypto they just received for real dollars.
       | 
       | With the huge crash, a lot of people were selling their crypto.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >When people sell other crypto for tether/USDC, they are
         | essentially "buying" tether/USDC. Which tether and circle
         | "print" out of thin air... but ostensibly back by selling the
         | other crypto they just received for real dollars.
         | 
         | You're missing the previous links in the chain. When you sell
         | your crypto at an exchange, your counterparty isn't the
         | exchange, it's another person who wants to buy crypto.
         | Therefore you making the trade doesn't cause new USDT to be
         | printed. That happens before the trade, when your counterparty
         | made the deposit.
         | 
         | Money flowing into the cryptocurrency ecosystem causes tethers
         | to be printed; money flowing out causes it to be destroyed. If
         | people were all simultaneously cashing out (on net), it would
         | stand to reason that tethers be destroyed, not issued.
        
           | qeternity wrote:
           | Precisely. So many Tether defenders simply have no idea how
           | exchanges or markets work for that matter.
           | 
           | It's truly scary how much confidence people have in topics
           | they do not understand.
        
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