[HN Gopher] An alarming trend in K-12 math education: a guest po...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       An alarming trend in K-12 math education: a guest post and an open
       letter
        
       Author : feross
       Score  : 220 points
       Date   : 2021-12-03 17:47 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (scottaaronson.blog)
 (TXT) w3m dump (scottaaronson.blog)
        
       | 6f4f06c00484d34 wrote:
       | people who push for "equitable" education do not send their
       | children to public schools.
       | 
       | equity for thee, not for me.
        
       | sh1mmer wrote:
       | I find it interesting with many of these criticisms that subject
       | matter experts on maths, sciences, etc think that they are also
       | subject matter experts on the pedagogy of maths, science, etc
       | especially at a high school level.
       | 
       | Many advanced practitioners don't even have a good grasp of
       | college level/post-grad pedagogy which they'd use more in their
       | day to day work.
       | 
       | Using a skill isn't the same as teaching it, and just like
       | anything else there are plenty of fallacies to be had. I'd be
       | more persuaded by angry hot takes from High School teachers
       | worried that their students aren't going to hit the grades they
       | deserve / learn the things they need than anything else.
       | 
       | Even then, single high school teachers experiences are closer to
       | anecdotes than actual pedagogical research, with which the
       | original proposal is backed.
        
         | dfdz wrote:
         | You are missing the key point: these experts on maths,
         | sciences, etc are not arguing HOW to teach maths, sciences,
         | etc.
         | 
         | They are only arguing WHAT is important to teach.
         | 
         | High school math teachers do not have the perspective to
         | understand what kind of math is needed for jobs in engineering,
         | data science, etc (The fact is that a background in algebra and
         | calculus is necessary for almost all of these jobs).
        
           | itronitron wrote:
           | Which jobs require a background in algebra and calculus, and
           | what exactly do you consider to satisfy the requirements of a
           | background?
        
         | gopher_space wrote:
         | Whenever public discourse turns to topics within my domain I
         | realize that even one degree of separation from a subject means
         | you're basically just making stuff up.
         | 
         | How many people on the planet are worth listening to when it
         | comes to teaching math?
        
         | rahimnathwani wrote:
         | "I'd be more persuaded by angry hot takes from High School
         | teachers worried that their students aren't going to hit the
         | grades they deserve / learn the things they need than anything
         | else."
         | 
         | How about this teacher, who teaches math at San Francisco's top
         | public school: https://cheesemonkeysf.blogspot.com/
        
       | VLM wrote:
       | The biggest problem I see with this article is not the obvious
       | intended political sizzle but an assumption early in the article
       | along the lines of the only purpose of public education is the
       | eventual production of STEM college graduates and everyone else
       | can and should go directly to hell and absolutely no resources or
       | encouragement should be provided for any other educational
       | outcome. It makes you wonder how the public school system is not
       | in a continuous state of civil rights lawsuits over the equal
       | protection clause.
       | 
       | "every child must master algebra, preferably by eighth grade, for
       | algebra is the gateway to the college-prep curriculum, which in
       | turn is the path to higher education." But that's not the life
       | path for perhaps 90%+ of the population. I don't think we can
       | justify burning tax dollars to exclusively and solely support a
       | tiny minority of kids at the expense of nearly all the other
       | kids.
       | 
       | I would not be bothered by mindless STEM boosterism if it were
       | not for pages like this:
       | 
       | https://datausa.io/profile/cip/electrical-engineering#tmap_o...
       | 
       | It offends me as a EE type person that the top job title for
       | graduating engineers is software dev, where they'd have been
       | better off with a CS degree, or no degree. Meanwhile I'm told by
       | the other side that we have a terrifying massive shortage of
       | engineering grads, despite that clearly not being the case and it
       | being VERY difficult for new kids to get a job in the field. I'm
       | led to believe by "shortage" they actually mean a "shortage of
       | people willing to work 80 hrs/wk for minimum wage and no bennies"
       | or "shortage of experts with decades years of masterful
       | experience willing to accept apprentice level pay scales"
       | 
       | We simply seem to have too many STEM grads for our economy to
       | support. I don't see any realistic reason for future improvement
       | in that situation. Meanwhile public education policy, meant to
       | serve EVERYONE, is telling most of the kids to go to hell. And
       | those are the kids running the rest of the economy and we're
       | relying on them to grow the economy enough to support the 5% of
       | STEM workers whom are the only important people to educate
       | according to "public" education, which is now really only college
       | prep STEM education and F every other kid.
       | 
       | This path cannot possibly end well.
       | 
       | The best way to handle algebra education as applied to the entire
       | student body, is to acknowledge that for 95% of the population,
       | learning how to change the oil in a car or how to identify when
       | someone is using statistics as propaganda, would be a more
       | valuable life skill. Yes I acknowledge STEM is and will remain
       | important for a tiny subset of both kids and future jobs, but...
        
         | naasking wrote:
         | > But that's not the life path for perhaps 90%+ of the
         | population. I don't think we can justify burning tax dollars to
         | exclusively and solely support a tiny minority of kids at the
         | expense of nearly all the other kids.
         | 
         | Sure, but that's not what they're objecting to. They're
         | objecting specifically to cutting off avenues to those advanced
         | paths, and in ways that harm underprivileged students more.
         | Quote:
         | 
         | > the bottom line is that rather than trying to elevate under-
         | served students, _such "reforms" reduce access and options for
         | all students_. In particular, the CMF encourages schools to
         | stop offering Algebra I in middle school, while placing
         | obstacles (such as doubling-up, compressed courses, or outside-
         | of-school private courses) in the way of those who want to take
         | advanced math in higher grades. When similar reforms were
         | implemented in San Francisco, they resulted in an "inequitable
         | patchwork scheme" of workarounds that affluent students could
         | access but that their less privileged counterparts could not.
        
       | yakkityyak wrote:
       | My armchair take of the situation is that the administrators of
       | K-12 education are too focused on the potential value of kids
       | actually using these math frameworks instead of how they sort of
       | rewire how to logically reason about things.
       | 
       | I'm having trouble finding the right words to describe myself,
       | but I vividly remember how many moments of epiphany I had when I
       | took Calculus and Linear Algebra. I don't directly use either of
       | them at all in my day job, but I feel like they were foundational
       | in developing reasoning skills.
        
         | leephillips wrote:
         | This is, I believe, the fundamental problem. Administrators,
         | and, to some degree, math teachers themselves, don't like or
         | understand math. They constantly talk about what it's "for", as
         | if math class serves a purpose similar to car repair shop
         | class. They seem to understand that you can have an English
         | class treating poetry, or a history class, without needing to
         | justify them with practical applications. I think most of this
         | bunch have no concept of studying math for its own sake, and
         | the idea that you might do so for enjoyment would probably seem
         | incomprehensibly bizarre. During my brief stints teaching math
         | in high schools, my attitude was that I was guiding students
         | along the path to becoming people--members of their
         | civilization.
        
       | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
       | At some point they'll cut out all the foundational mathematics
       | needed for hard science and engineering. Then only foreign
       | students will be qualified for bachelor's programs. Complex
       | numbers will be first at the chopping block.
        
       | humanistbot wrote:
       | The manufactured outrage over the California math recommendations
       | keep getting posted on HN. Read the actual text of the plans here
       | [1]. The FAQ is at [2] and directly responds to these
       | characterizations. They are not banning gifted & talented
       | programs or advanced students taking accelerated courses. They
       | are not taking algebra out of the curriculum, although they are
       | cutting geometry a bit, which doesn't make as much sense today as
       | it did 100 years ago when far more people grew up to be farmers
       | or ranchers. They are adding more statistics and probability,
       | which I think are crucial in today's society.
       | 
       | What they are fundamentally doing is breaking up the classic U.S.
       | staged path where you learn algebra for a year, then geometry for
       | a year, then back to algebra / pre-calc for a year, then maybe
       | take statistics or calculus as an elective, etc. Instead, all
       | branches of math will be taught in an integrated approach focused
       | around applied problems.
       | 
       | This is how a lot of European math courses are taught. In fact, I
       | think HN would appreciate the shift from focusing on pure numbers
       | and classic formulas to more applied uses of math, including
       | algorithms, probability, data collected and analyzed in charts,
       | etc. Students also forget a lot of algebra when they do a year of
       | geometry by itself, then have to go back to algebra / pre-calc.
       | 
       | It also does mean that in the transition, it will be harder for
       | students to "test out" of the classic algebra I/II, geometry,
       | pre-calc sequence, because it will just be "year X integrated
       | math." But the framework does not forbid gifted and talented
       | programs or anything like that. There will just be a few awkward
       | years while the curriculum shifts.
       | 
       | Now, there are some on the left who advocated for the elimination
       | of gifted and talented programs altogether, for equity reasons.
       | They did not get what they wanted in the new California
       | framework. That hasn't stopped a lot of people from looking at
       | what California is doing and imagining it is actually some kind
       | of Harrison Bergeron dystopia, when that is absolutely not the
       | case.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/ma/cf/
       | 
       | [2] https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/ma/cf/mathfwfaqs.asp
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | I had originally assumed the criticisms were exaggerated, but
         | the more I read about the new curriculum the less comfortable I
         | am.
         | 
         | It seems every defense is built around hedges like this one:
         | 
         | > although they are cutting geometry a bit, which doesn't make
         | as much sense today as it did 100 years ago when far more
         | people grew up to be farmers or ranchers
         | 
         | Which suggests to me that they really _are_ trying to walk back
         | the complexity of the education, perhaps as part of a goal to
         | force the variance of educational progress into a narrower
         | range within classes.
         | 
         | The language is so vague that it's hard to understand exactly
         | what they're trying to do, which I think is their point. If
         | they wanted to emphasize advanced education topics it would
         | have been front and center in the plan. Instead, it seems like
         | a footnote that we're supposed to assume will get taken care of
         | in some future iteration of this integrative math program.
        
           | octernion wrote:
           | The entire point is not to emphasize the advanced education
           | topics -- which are actually offered pretty universally in
           | California schools -- but to increase the number of students
           | actually _taking_ those classes through the entire pipeline,
           | and to embed those concepts in a more consistent, structured
           | way.
           | 
           | I'm not sure why how you get "walk back the complexity of
           | education" when it's obvious that the current system is
           | broken.
        
             | syki wrote:
             | I believe you are mistaken. One of the goals is to deny
             | that people have different intellectual abilities. They
             | seek to get rid of tracking and advanced courses. These
             | reforms are related to what is being advocated by
             | www.equitablemath.org. From their website:
             | 
             |  _Students are tracked (into courses /pathways and within
             | the classroom)._
             | 
             | This is a sign of white supremacy in their view.
             | 
             | See this PDF:
             | 
             | https://equitablemath.org/wp-
             | content/uploads/sites/2/2020/11...
        
               | rflrob wrote:
               | From your PDF:
               | 
               | > Administrators should examine programs and policies and
               | how white supremacy impacts student outcomes (e.g.,
               | tracking, course selection, intervention rosters).
               | 
               | > White supremacy culture shows up in math classrooms
               | when... Students are tracked
               | 
               | I interpreted this to mean that tracking is (like course
               | selection) a student outcome that can be impacted by
               | "white supremacy culture", not that tracking is,
               | inherently and unavoidably, a sign of white supremacy. If
               | there's burglars around, unlocked doors are usually
               | correlated with burglary; that doesn't mean you can't
               | leave your doors unlocked, but you're going to want to be
               | careful about it. Similarly, if you live in a society
               | with pervasive racism (read: most societies), it's
               | possible to track students in a way that doesn't
               | reinforce those racist trends, but probably only if
               | you're careful about it.
               | 
               | I think I probably agree with you that "white supremacy
               | culture" is, as a term, perhaps more aggressive than it
               | needs to be. Not being deeply embedded in this debate,
               | I'd assume it's going to turn off more people who hear
               | it, think "I'm not a klansman, so this isn't something I
               | need to address" than it will engage people who think
               | racism is bad but haven't considered how their own
               | (probably unexamined) practices are leading to outcomes
               | they don't want.
        
               | magicalist wrote:
               | What does this have to do with the actual changes being
               | made?
        
               | syki wrote:
               | Same agenda from two different organizations. Effectively
               | implementing the reforms will lead to a system where
               | advanced math courses are taken by students in k-12 whose
               | parents have money.
        
               | threatofrain wrote:
               | A central pillar of Equitable Math is that _all_ children
               | must _always_ be at the same level up until their last
               | year. This is what is in contention, and not whether the
               | Common Core needs more revision in terms of depth or
               | rearrangement of subjects.
               | 
               | Under the Common Core, children in middle school who are
               | ready for Algebra may opt for Algebra, and children who
               | benefit from a delay may opt for a delay -- but this is
               | viewed by Equitable Math as sustaining White Supremacy in
               | math education.
        
               | magicalist wrote:
               | > _all children must always be at the same level up until
               | their last year_
               | 
               | But that's not what's happening, so, again, what does
               | that have to do with the actual changes being made?
        
               | syki wrote:
               | It's the goal.
        
               | magicalist wrote:
               | ...of some people but not the recommendations?
        
               | threatofrain wrote:
               | Equitable Math is not "some people". It's the original
               | branding for the program under contention in this forum.
        
               | magicalist wrote:
               | Are the Equitable Math folks the entirety of the
               | stakeholders involved? Will "all children be at the same
               | level up until their last year"?
               | 
               | If no to both, it does seem an awful lot like invoking
               | the motivations of some of the people involved as a
               | boogeyman rather than making an argument about the final
               | recommendations themselves.
        
               | threatofrain wrote:
               | Under current proposals, which have yet to be finalized,
               | there are zero specifications for alternative tracks in
               | math, including zero specification for Algebra in middle
               | school. You seem to think that Equitable Math is an
               | entirely separate proposal, and thus the authors of
               | Equitable Math are just "some people". They are program
               | architects. And the stakeholders? Why, all of California
               | of course, including textbook publishers making decisions
               | for 8th grade Algebra textbooks.
               | 
               | For schools under the Equitable Math proposals, the
               | _goal_ will be that for any given grade level, all
               | children will be at the same level up until their last
               | year. The explicitly stated reasoning by the program
               | authors is that alternative tracks in math are a form of
               | disparity which promotes White Supremacy. Will this in
               | fact be the _final_ final proposal? That is what is under
               | debate right now.
        
               | syki wrote:
               | Not all proponents of Jim Crow laws were hate filled but
               | enough were that one can ascribe to the legislators of
               | the Deep South that supported those laws as being hate
               | filled. What you are being told are the intended
               | consequences of the people writing the proposals and are
               | now asking about the totality of the beliefs of the
               | stakeholders. You are welcome to believe whatever you
               | want about the motivations of the people writing the
               | proposals as I am. But please don't confuse their
               | intentions with the intentions of all stakeholders. No
               | one is doing this.
        
               | octernion wrote:
               | So you are mad at the imaginary goal that you made up.
               | Got it.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | > I'm not sure why how you get "walk back the complexity of
             | education"
             | 
             | The parent comment literally admitted that they were
             | removing specific complex topics.
             | 
             | That is what I was responding to.
        
               | burnished wrote:
               | But also replacing it with other perhaps more pertinent
               | advanced topics? Hard to have a fruitful discussion
               | without a curricula to discuss
        
               | magicalist wrote:
               | > _The parent comment literally admitted that they were
               | removing specific complex topics._
               | 
               | you quoted and responded to
               | 
               | > _although they are cutting geometry a bit, which doesn
               | 't make as much sense today as it did 100 years ago when
               | far more people grew up to be farmers or ranchers_
               | 
               | so which _specific_ and _complex_ topics are you
               | referring to in the OP?
        
           | syki wrote:
           | I teach math at a community college. It is all about removing
           | complexity. The idea in education is that everyone is
           | intellectually equal. Therefore the racial achievement gap in
           | mathematics is due to racism. The solution is to change
           | things. Too many POC students aren't placing into college
           | level math therefore get rid of placement test and get rid of
           | remedial courses. Create new college algebra with just in
           | time tutoring and voila, no more racial achievement gap. If
           | you dumb things down enough everyone passes and we can pat
           | ourselves on the back and claim to have solved the racial
           | achievement gap.
           | 
           | My complaint about these reforms is that the root cause of
           | the issue is not being addressed. This has long term negative
           | effects. My own anecdotal experience is that what used to be
           | a C is now an A or a B in my classes and I'm passing people
           | who don't know anything. I'm judged by the passing rate so
           | I'm maximizing that metric. These reforms are just doing what
           | I'm doing but in a less forthright way.
        
             | bsanr wrote:
             | >The idea in education is that everyone is intellectually
             | equal. Therefore the racial achievement gap in mathematics
             | is due to racism. The solution is to change things.
             | 
             | If we're going to go there: I went from being a straight-A
             | math student in Pre-Calculus to a C (verging on D) student
             | in my AP Calculus course in high school. In college, I
             | retook Calculus and aced it, receiving one of the highest
             | final scores in the class. The first course was taught by a
             | black woman. The second was taught by a white man. The last
             | was taught by a black man. I am a black man.
             | 
             | People in this conversation are frequently quick to dismiss
             | the value of anti-racist (and, for that matter, anti-
             | sexist) policy and execution in STEM pedagogy. They lean on
             | and extrapolate erroneously from the notion of many great
             | mathematical thinkers' probable hereditary advantages to a
             | general, in-born hierarchy of fitness for STEM thinking.
             | Coincidentally, this shields them from tough conversations
             | regarding their own fitness to teach, and especially to
             | teach children whose backgrounds they cannot or will not
             | find sympathy and empathy for. I will admit that the
             | solution is not so simple as my anecdote might suggest, but
             | the implied path shares character with the correct one, in
             | recognizing the farcical nature of assuming that the status
             | quo - especially in this country - is a product of actual
             | potential playing out as it must necessarily so, and not of
             | history overshadowing even the best of intentions (though
             | they are usually less than that).
        
               | talentedcoin wrote:
               | What specifically about the courses being taught by black
               | people do you think helped you do better?
        
               | jeegsy wrote:
               | Is it possible that you aced calculus later on because
               | you were in effect taking it a second time?
        
               | syki wrote:
               | Definitely agree. There's no reason for me to believe
               | that I'm good at teaching. My students' failings could be
               | mostly a reflection of my own failing in teaching.
               | 
               | I don't dismiss the value of anti-racist policy and
               | attempts to rid myself of negative biases that affect my
               | students. My compliant is when I'm told, and I have been
               | told this by an educator, that the act of requiring
               | knowledge of algebra is itself racist. That's when I feel
               | we've gone too far. I don't necessarily think algebra
               | should be required but the reasoning for getting rid of
               | that requirement shouldn't be because black students are
               | not passing it at a high enough rate.
               | 
               | My belief is that far too many people are going to
               | college. The degree therefore is being watered down. If
               | we lived in a country where everyone had guaranteed
               | access to food, shelter, and medical care then the
               | emphasis on college wouldn't be so pronounced and
               | colleges could then concentrate on what's needed.
               | 
               | I don't believe your comment should have been downvoted.
               | Thank you for sharing your experience and thoughts.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | The problem is that our societies have made college a
               | status symbol - everybody is supposed to strive for a
               | degree even if what they're planning to do doesn't
               | require it. This is particularly pronounced for white
               | collar jobs, even though many of them are really more
               | akin to tradecraft, and should be properly taught in
               | trade school.
               | 
               | (I would argue that the majority of what we call
               | "software engineering" is actually of this nature.)
        
             | Spooky23 wrote:
             | The whole thing is a classic case of using averages to
             | drive policy and action.
             | 
             | Your C student with an A doesn't need your math class, they
             | need an A.
             | 
             | The employer filters all non college graduates and then
             | filters by GPA. With most employers, knowing what you are
             | doing is not ranked 1st or 2nd. Price and qualification is
             | up front.
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | > I'm judged by the passing rate so I'm maximizing that
             | metric.
             | 
             | We really need to divorce the teaching and accreditation
             | functions bundled in the modern university. There is a
             | clear conflict of interest.
        
             | WindyLakeReturn wrote:
             | >My complaint about these reforms is that the root cause of
             | the issue is not being addressed.
             | 
             | It becomes a question of how do we ensure every child has
             | access to a dedicated adult willing to tutor them and push
             | them in education matters. Once a child begins to fail in a
             | class, unless someone is there who can help them back onto
             | the route of succeeding, they risk developing learned
             | helplessness around education. Maybe a single subject,
             | maybe education in general. It takes a lot of time for
             | someone to work with a kid, find out what the root cause of
             | the problem is, help them overcome that, and then build up
             | on the topics they have fallen behind on. It helps greatly
             | when that person isn't just there for teaching/tutoring but
             | also invested in the child in other ways so the child
             | values their input.
             | 
             | When parents either don't have time, ability, or desire to
             | do this, there is rarely a backup. Teachers try to fill the
             | gap but they are spread too thin over too many students and
             | rarely are with a student long enough to make a significant
             | impact. Some teachers may even avoid it because it can
             | quickly become an issue of favoring certain students over
             | others. As for parents, while some parents will be able to
             | fix the problem by having more time available, some parents
             | lack enough education to keep helping their child past a
             | certain point. Both finding how to give parents more time
             | and how to educate parents enough to help their children
             | are hard problems. As for the parents who don't have a
             | desire to help, there might not be any solution at all.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | csee wrote:
             | > My complaint about these reforms is that the root cause
             | of the issue is not being addressed.
             | 
             | The root cause is well outside of the scope of schools to
             | address. Perhaps they can help to a small extent through
             | things like lunchtime meals. But curriculum reform itself
             | will never narrow the gap more than a tiny amount.
             | 
             | Childhood nutrition, single parent households, health of
             | mother during pregnancy, culture/respect towards education
             | as a virtue in the community and household, education level
             | of parents and the time they have to play and talk with
             | their kids.
             | 
             | All these things are going to impact the capabilities of
             | young school children and feed into outcome gaps between
             | various groups (Black vs White, poor vs rich).
             | 
             | I believe most proponents of "math equity" actually know
             | all this, and are just maliciously virtue signalling either
             | because they're jealous that their own kids aren't doing
             | well, or for social credit.
        
               | Delk wrote:
               | > Childhood nutrition, single parent households, health
               | of mother during pregnancy, culture/respect towards
               | education as a virtue in the community and household,
               | education level of parents and the time they have to play
               | and talk with their kids.
               | 
               | I'm not American, and I don't claim to know the
               | environment and the issues people face there, or their
               | root causes. I may not be fully understanding the extent
               | of nutritional differences or family dynamics.
               | 
               | I am, however, absolutely certain that affluence feeds
               | affluence and that misfortune feeds misfortune, on
               | average. Even if you had all of the above equal except
               | for the education levels and socio-economic status of the
               | children's parents, you'd end up with statistically
               | different outcomes.
               | 
               | I live in a fairly egalitarian country, and if I remember
               | correctly, there's an average income gap of ~30 percent
               | or so between people whose parents were in the highest
               | quartile in income and those who were in the lowest
               | quartile. While ethnicity may play some role in the
               | statistical gap nowadays, I don't think it explains the
               | statistical difference; ethnic minorities are
               | disadvantaged here but they make up a small enough
               | minority that I expect the bulk of the difference to be
               | simply due to socio-economic differences within the same
               | ethnic group.
               | 
               | Basically, if your parents and their social in-group got
               | highly educated, I believe you perceive that as the norm.
               | If they didn't, it's not as likely that you do.
               | 
               | Add in some practical stuff such as whether your parents
               | can afford to finance or support your education, and the
               | gap's already there. The rest just amplifies it.
               | 
               | Sure, physical health, nutrition etc. can have an effect,
               | and they certainly do if the differences are great
               | enough. I'm sure ethnicity or race has an effect,
               | sometimes due to racism, and sometimes because people
               | perceive their own opportunities or expectations
               | differently depending on social roles, and for various
               | other sociological dynamics. The latter is true even if
               | you remove ethnicity or race from the equation. Racial
               | stereotypes and images probably emphasize things but I
               | don't think you can pin it all on that.
               | 
               | Considering how much worse off African Americans are
               | socio-economically, on average, than white Americans,
               | it's a no-brainer that their kids end up worse off on
               | average as well. I'm not saying you should just shrug and
               | accept that, and I'm sure actual racism exists as well,
               | but the point is that some of it would happen even
               | without racism, either overt or covert, or any
               | "structural racism" that could include a whole spectrum
               | of things.
               | 
               | That means any real solution is going to be hard and
               | slow, unfortunately. Changing the subject matter in the
               | name of equity really doesn't sound like one.
               | 
               | > I believe most proponents of "math equity" actually
               | know all this, and are just maliciously virtue signalling
               | either because they're jealous that their own kids aren't
               | doing well, or for social credit.
               | 
               | It could also be that people take an easy non-solution in
               | preference to working towards improvements and solutions
               | that could take time, great patience, tolerance of
               | morally and socially undesirable situations (one might
               | have to accept that you can't achieve perfect equity, or
               | at least not quickly, and be able to withstand social
               | judgement for that), and are all around a lot harder to
               | accomplish.
        
               | dr_dshiv wrote:
               | The poverty achievement gap is close to twice that of the
               | racial achievement gap.
               | 
               | I don't understand why we are so arrogant about
               | everything that we don't even try to teach 5th graders
               | how to use spreadsheets and generate graphs. So much of
               | math education is useless punishment.
        
               | golemiprague wrote:
               | Interesting that you don't include genetics in your list,
               | maybe it is a waste of time to try changing all those
               | other things and instead we should focus on directing
               | kids to aspire for their natural talents rather than
               | trying to push them into something that doesn't suit
               | them. To do this we will need to change the economy in a
               | way that the market compensate other talents, not only
               | the ones decided by the US coastal elites. We can do it
               | by blocking illegal immigration and banning imports from
               | countries that don't play by the same rules as western
               | countries. Bringing back the power to the working class.
        
             | cm2187 wrote:
             | And the irony of course is that these anti-racism policies
             | that are based on the assumption that minority students
             | aren't smart enough to pass the tests and therefore the
             | tests need to dumbed down to achieve social justice, are
             | fundamentally racist.
        
               | dgs_sgd wrote:
               | I've read a term for this: the bigotry of low
               | expectations.
        
               | commandlinefan wrote:
               | > minority students aren't smart enough
               | 
               | Well, that's not _quite_ what they 're saying -
               | essentially what they're saying is that they're a
               | _different kind_ of smart. Not that I agree with the
               | logic, but essentially what they 're saying is that the
               | tests - along with the whole curriculum - were designed
               | and written by white people, so they're unintentionally
               | biased in a way that non-white people (except, I guess,
               | asians) can't understand them. The implication being, of
               | course, that if black people had designed the entire
               | curriculum and the tests, they would be similarly
               | impenetrable to white people. Of course, I don't think
               | that makes much sense either, but that is the essence of
               | what they're trying to assert.
        
               | laichzeit0 wrote:
               | Mathematics is arguably (besides perhaps logic) one of
               | the most pure, unbiased sciences one could imagine.
               | Unless perhaps you take issue with the fact that notation
               | borrows a lot of Greek symbols. It's a difficult subject
               | that requires struggle. Hand holding and dumbing it down
               | is literally the worst thing you could do to make people
               | better at mathematics. You must struggle or you will
               | fail. Don't think so? Let's talk again when you hit real
               | analysis.
        
               | magicalist wrote:
               | > _Mathematics is arguably (besides perhaps logic) one of
               | the most pure, unbiased sciences one could imagine._
               | 
               | But teaching math absolutely is not. It is a very human
               | process, helping students find handholds in what they
               | know to make the next conceptual step. Absolutely
               | breaking their minds with a new topic, then returning to
               | it a month later and they find it obvious now. There are
               | no platonic math lesson plans out there to tap into, and
               | finding more effective ones has been one of humanity's
               | jobs for at least as long as there has been written
               | language.
               | 
               | (FWIW, real analysis is generally considered one of the
               | easier courses in a typical math degree)
        
               | pseudo0 wrote:
               | > (FWIW, real analysis is generally considered one of the
               | easier courses in a typical math degree)
               | 
               | Quite a few colleges seem to use it as a filter class to
               | determine who has the requisite aptitude and interest in
               | pure math. At my college, the material wasn't
               | particularly bad, but the evaluations were designed to be
               | pretty challenging and grades weren't curved at all.
        
               | jeegsy wrote:
               | > Well, that's not quite what they're saying -
               | essentially what they're saying is that they're a
               | different kind of smart
               | 
               | I'm pretty sure that is exactly what they are saying. The
               | 2021 version of it anyway
        
             | akomtu wrote:
             | What's "equity", btw? I mean, how is it defined by the
             | administration of colleges these days?
        
             | spurgu wrote:
             | This is a worrying trend across the board. Everything has
             | to be equal and politically correct, because if _not_ then
             | it _has_ to be racism or something else evil.
        
             | gorwell wrote:
             | What do they say when confronted with the fact that Asians
             | are the top performers in this system?
        
               | 6f4f06c00484d34 wrote:
               | then they revoke Asians' minority status, see "BIPOC" and
               | racial quotas for college admissions
        
               | logicalmonster wrote:
               | I'm curious for both an accurate and/or socially
               | acceptable explanation too.
               | 
               | Some have suggested racism is cause for inequality, yet
               | Asians do well in America where they're a small minority.
               | 
               | Some have suggested culture: certain parents promote
               | education more.
               | 
               | Some have suggested examining IQ more closely (though
               | thinking along these lines is a doubleplusungood thought
               | crime)
        
               | akomtu wrote:
               | There's a trivial explanation. If you're Chinese, you
               | gotta be really smart, the top 1% smart, to immigrate
               | into the US. This is also why Nigerian immigrants do so
               | well here. The original European immigrants passed a
               | similar test, as it takes a lot of courage and ambition
               | to move across the ocean in a big wooden boat. But as you
               | know the history, on one occasion, the admission process
               | was violated, and since then America has been paying the
               | price. The price has to be paid in full, for every cause
               | has to be compensated with a result. Call it nation-scale
               | karma, if you want.
        
               | viro wrote:
               | oh on avg. they completely dismiss it based on current
               | immigration policy self selecting rich Asian families.
               | -\\_(tsu)_/-
        
           | eslaught wrote:
           | Did you take geometry in a California public school? I did
           | about 20 years ago, and my impression was that it's an
           | extremely fluffy course that would absolutely benefit from
           | being condensed, or at least rewritten.
           | 
           | California math education (again, at the time I took it) was
           | already extremely oddly paced. The Algebra 2/Trig class I
           | took was extremely aggressive, and then the year of pre-calc
           | that followed it [1] had about 2 weeks of novel content
           | spread over a year's worth of teaching. I was initially a
           | year behind most of my classmates (starting in junior high),
           | then skipped ahead to do Calculus BC alongside everyone who'd
           | been a year ahead of me---and aced it. On the other hand, the
           | people who were really advanced had already gone on to
           | college courses at that point and basically hadn't bothered
           | with anything in the system for many years.
           | 
           | In short, it's a mess and has been for decades. If they can
           | clean it up a bit and make the pacing more even and
           | integrated, I think that would be a net win.
           | 
           | [1]: "Introduction to Analysis", I think they called it.
        
             | fastaguy88 wrote:
             | I took geometry more than 50 years ago. From my
             | perspective, it was useless then as well. As far as I can
             | tell, its goal was to illustrate the importance of
             | mathematical proofs. Perhaps they are important to
             | mathematicians, and I suppose they would be important if
             | lots of high-school and college mathematics were
             | potentially incorrect, so we needed a proof to reassure
             | ourselves, but for most of us, even those who actively use
             | mathematics, proofs are a waste of time. It would be better
             | for students to become more comfortable with abstractions
             | beyond multiplication.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | Real geometry is more important these days since computer
               | graphics, photo and video editing and such are so common.
        
         | ben7799 wrote:
         | Interesting thing with the integrated approach is my high
         | school had that approach. That was private school, and I
         | entered high school in 1990. I wonder how long European
         | countries have been using this approach. The curriculum at my
         | high school very deliberately blended all the mathematical
         | subjects across the first 3 years with Calculus becoming
         | dominant by the end of the 3rd year.
         | 
         | However the entire goal of the integrated program was to
         | maximize the amount of Calculus students could get through. I
         | got not one year but two years of Calculus effectively by the
         | end of HS and had no problem passing the AP calc exam. Probably
         | only 10% of my HS class did that though, and that was already
         | at a selective private school.
         | 
         | Integrated is great as long it gets students to the same
         | place.. it's still really important to get as many talented
         | students into Calculus before HS graduation.
        
         | 6f4f06c00484d34 wrote:
         | >They are not taking algebra out of the curriculum, although
         | they are cutting geometry a bit, which doesn't make as much
         | sense today as it did 100 years ago when far more people grew
         | up to be farmers or ranchers.
         | 
         | this blurb alone invalidates everything else you have to say.
         | you have absolutely no idea what are you talking about.
        
         | abecedarius wrote:
         | > manufactured outrage
         | 
         | Have you ever seen Terence Tao signing up for a manufactured
         | outrage? Alan Kay? If you're the type to read technical papers
         | you'll recognize a bunch more names on the list of signers.
         | Furthermore the language in the post was calm and measured.
        
           | commandlinefan wrote:
           | > Terence Tao signing up for a manufactured outrage? Alan
           | Kay?
           | 
           | Or Scott Aaronson. Scott Aaronson is about as social-
           | justice-y as you get. When _even he_ thinks the equity types
           | have gone too far, it 's _really_ time to step back and see
           | if you 're making sense, even to yourself.
        
           | krastanov wrote:
           | There is another comment in this thread that addresses this
           | very well:
           | 
           | > I find it interesting with many of these criticisms that
           | subject matter experts on maths, sciences, etc think that
           | they are also subject matter experts on the pedagogy of
           | maths, science, etc especially at a high school level.
           | 
           | The people you mentioned are my idols, same as the authors
           | and hosts of this blog post. But there is a world of
           | difference between being a great scientist and being a great
           | K12 teacher.
        
             | crackercrews wrote:
             | > But there is a world of difference between being a great
             | scientist and being a great K12 teacher.
             | 
             | Very good point. K12 teachers know a lot, but they may not
             | know much about the path to becoming a world-renowned
             | scientist. The signers of this letter know that path from
             | their own experience and the experience of their
             | colleagues. They may not be educators but they have
             | intimate understanding of the education process of bright
             | children.
        
               | krastanov wrote:
               | Oh, this is a good point that did elude me. As long as
               | some form of gifted programs continue existing (which,
               | given my flawed reading of this document, they will
               | continue existing, just by virtue of demand), I do not
               | see it being a problem. You will raise the bottom
               | significantly while not really changing the top.
        
               | threatofrain wrote:
               | Gifted programs are largely not a thing in Californian
               | math. When we're talking about children who opt to take
               | Algebra in middle school, or children who opt to take
               | Calculus in high school, we aren't talking about gifted
               | programs. We're talking about alternative pathways in
               | math.
               | 
               | A central pillar of Equitable Math is that all children
               | of any given grade ought to be in the same math class,
               | and that there ought not be any standard specification
               | for, say, taking Algebra "early" in middle school. The
               | explicitly stated reasoning by the program authors is
               | that this disparity sustains White Supremacy in math.
               | 
               | A child who is ready for Algebra would be best served by
               | opting into a classroom where a teacher has been
               | polishing a year-long discourse on Algebra, as opposed to
               | creating an ad-hoc gifted program. A return to gifted
               | programs would be a return to administrative opacity.
        
             | abecedarius wrote:
             | My comment left out this aspect only because the names
             | aren't familiar to me:
             | 
             | > The signatories include ... educators with decades of
             | experience teaching students at all levels ... people
             | vested in mathematical high-school education, such as ...
        
               | krastanov wrote:
               | That is a well-intentioned but simply wrong statement in
               | the blog. One of the letter authors is what I would call
               | a professional educator in some way (a non-profit). The
               | rest are university professors and a few are industry
               | scientists. They are certainly not "people with
               | experience teaching at all levels" even if they believe
               | that. Same with the signatories. The vast majority are
               | university professors. These people are generally great
               | at what they do and frequently terrible at teaching,
               | *especially* when teaching K12 students. I have seen it
               | first hand as I have been organizing K12 events (not for
               | "gifted" kids) and have been tutoring gifted students
               | competing in the international physics Olympics over the
               | last 8 years while working at Yale, Harvard, and MIT (as
               | a graduate student and postdoc). Teaching competitive
               | physics, teaching college students, teaching K12
               | students, and doing research are 4 completely different
               | things. The signatories are certainly amazing at the
               | research, but I have seen first hand how that type of
               | professionals are just terrible at teaching K12 students
               | while thinking they are doing great. Even worse, we
               | usually pat ourselves on the back for having a single-day
               | event with cool math organized for the K12 students, but
               | never bother with the year-long battle to actually lift
               | all boats.
               | 
               | Obviously this is just my personal anecdote, but I do
               | claim I have been very invested in exactly this type of
               | education and have seen how well-meaning crazy-smart
               | professors are failing to teach K12 students (in their
               | once-a-year charity event) while patting themselves on
               | the back for a job well done.
        
               | abecedarius wrote:
               | The letter isn't saying that all of them teach at all
               | levels. It's true that I'm a lot more familiar with tech
               | reputations than education reputations. OTOH education is
               | an unusual field in that practically everyone has decade-
               | plus full-time intimate first-hand experience with it;
               | and more in the case of parents.
               | 
               | What do you think of the claim that the policy will
               | increase inequality of preparation because better-off
               | parents will bypass public education more? It sounds like
               | you might have more light to shed on that.
        
               | krastanov wrote:
               | I am hesitant of having an opinion. These are luminaries
               | that I look up to, but I fundamentally disagree with
               | their opinion on this topic. Probably partially because I
               | have been very frustrated with snobbish and
               | disconnected[1] attitude towards K12 education among
               | scientists.
               | 
               | But to actually answer your question. Better-off parents
               | already bypass public education, even if not completely.
               | If this new program works (not a given), the problem will
               | not be exacerbated, rather more students will be prepared
               | to reach for these "gifted programs" (which in many
               | cases, even if expensive, usually have good fee-waivers
               | as this gives them more credibility).
               | 
               | [1] Obviously just a personal opinion. But in the
               | interactions I have had in this context I feel I have
               | seen a lot of inflated but unsubstantiated sense of
               | competence.
        
               | abecedarius wrote:
               | Thanks. I guess I can see this working out if the classes
               | end up being taught better on average (aiming for deeper
               | understanding instead of faster advancement along a
               | standard track to "advanced" math), and if the better-off
               | parents generally appreciate this. If we did successfully
               | get better teaching then it'd be natural for a greater
               | proportion of the disadvantaged to discover they're
               | interested in real math, too.
               | 
               | (I wouldn't bet on it, personally, and I don't think the
               | infusion of wokeness is mainly about helping more people
               | to understand math better. Hopefully I'm too cynical. The
               | Common Core math stuff seems like progress, for
               | instance.)
        
           | throw10920 wrote:
           | Just because Terence Tao is a genius at (and world-leading
           | researcher in) mathematics, and Alan Kay is programming
           | pioneer, doesn't mean that either of them understand the
           | implications of the CMF, or are knowledgeable about
           | children's education - they could merely be taking the word
           | of someone else who is misinformed or not acting in good
           | faith (perhaps through a telephone game mechanism).
        
             | abecedarius wrote:
             | I went looking at the names because "manufactured outrage"
             | connotes politics or culture war. It's the sort of
             | accusation you'd expect to see if the list was full of
             | names like Jordan Peterson. Instead I see Tao who on his
             | blog comes across as apolitical, mild-mannered, even
             | humble. Not the kind of guy who's into culture fights. Or
             | Kay whose book recommendations had a kind of 60s lefty
             | flavor, as far as any political leaning came across to me.
             | 
             | There's a bigger argument here, but I'm just addressing
             | this one unmerited accusation in this thread.
        
             | AlanYx wrote:
             | It's not fair to talk about Alan Kay this way. Alan Kay
             | actually did a ton of pioneering work in children's
             | education, and in an applied (real-world) empirical way,
             | not just in a theoretical sense.
             | 
             | He and some of his collaborators were among the earliest in
             | applying Piaget and Bruner's learning models to programming
             | education, mainly for learners under age 15.
        
         | threatofrain wrote:
         | Talking about "testing out" and "gifted" programs is a complete
         | distraction here, since very few students "test out", and
         | taking Algebra in middle school is not considered a "gifted"
         | program. With regards to math in California, gifted programs
         | are largely _not_ a story.
         | 
         | A pillar of Equitable Math is that _all_ students should be at
         | the same level up until the last year of high school.1 The re-
         | arrangement of subjects is _not_ the hotspot of contention, and
         | neither is the disagreement over  "deepness".
         | 
         | The contention is over whether or not there ought to exist a
         | faster track which, for example, permits students to take
         | Algebra in middle school. This has been specifically derided as
         | a sustainer of white supremacy under the Equitable Math
         | discussion.
         | 
         | A return to gifted programs as the way to deal with students
         | with differences in math preparation and ambition would be a
         | return to administrative opacity. A failure to specify tracks
         | which allow students to take Algebra in middle school would be
         | a solid win for private schools and after-school programs like
         | RSM.
         | 
         | Under Equitable Math, the last year in high school is the only
         | year of differentiation.
         | 
         | [1]: https://equitablemath.org
        
           | naasking wrote:
           | > A return to gifted programs as the way to deal with
           | students with differences in math preparation and ambition
           | would be a return to administrative opacity.
           | 
           | I mean, if they're going to eliminate gifted programs for an
           | advanced academic students, then they should eliminate sports
           | teams for advanced athletic students by parity of reasoning.
           | Isn't the star quarterback just as unfairly advantaged by
           | family and genetics as the smart math geek?
        
         | gautamdivgi wrote:
         | Does it really help though? I mean parents with resources will
         | always put their kids through private math courses which can be
         | more rigorous and give their children an advantage in AP
         | Math/Calc/etc. I don't think the disparity in math learning is
         | from school.
        
         | cperciva wrote:
         | _they are cutting geometry a bit, which doesn 't make as much
         | sense today as it did 100 years ago when far more people grew
         | up to be farmers or ranchers._
         | 
         | The point of high school Geometry was never to compute areas of
         | fields. Trigonometry is far more useful for that anyway.
         | 
         | The point of high school Geometry is that it is the first
         | introduction to rigorous mathematical proof -- and has been,
         | ever since Euclid's Elements.
        
           | heyitsguay wrote:
           | As someone who did a BA and PhD in math, went through high
           | school geometry proofs, taught geometry proofs to math
           | students and math education students:
           | 
           | Geometry proofs are a _terrible_ way of introducing rigorous
           | mathematical proofs to students. Seriously. I cannot
           | overstate how misleading they are. I remember my first
           | abstract algebra class in college, after the first HW I got
           | called in by the TA because I tried to structure my proofs
           | like I learned in geometry class - a sequence of symbols and
           | references to hard-coded lists of axioms and prior
           | deductions. I thought that 's what proofs are, but they are
           | not, at least not as humans do higher math. High school
           | geometry tries to distill this process down to a symbol
           | manipulation game that students can memorize and regurgitate,
           | and in the process loses the essence of the thing it was
           | meant to capture in the first place.
        
             | bradleyjg wrote:
             | If you wrote everything like a high school essay, you'd be
             | a pretty terrible writer. In real life you don't need a
             | topic sentence for every paragraph and sometimes an
             | infinitive needs splitting. Nonetheless, high school essay
             | writing is a pretty good way station to good writing.
             | Perhaps high school geometry proofs are similar.
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | That's like saying teaching arithmetic algorithms is bad
             | because you can do arithmetic in your head.
             | 
             | You have to know what logical rigor is before you can take
             | defensible shortcuts.
        
             | OccamsRazr wrote:
             | It's funny, I also think Euclidean geometry is a bad way to
             | introduce proofs, but my reason is different from what you
             | just said. I think what you just said is primarily about
             | "writing proofs", which is certainly important, but I'm not
             | sure it's the fundamental issue with Euclidean geoemtry
             | (and I know that not everyone learns Euclidean geometry and
             | comes away from it writing proofs as you did). It sounds
             | like you came out of your highschool Euclidean geometry
             | experience with good logic skills but poor communication
             | skills (?).
             | 
             | The issue with Euclidean geometry as an entrance to proofs
             | and logic is two-fold. First, the definitions and axioms of
             | Euclidean geometry are incomplete in many ways. Many
             | definitions, such as that of a line, cannot be understood
             | from what is written in Euclid but require a significant
             | amount of intution pumping to be able to know how to
             | properly work with them. Thus, the fundamental definitions
             | in Euclidean geometry are bad examples of what a definition
             | in math _should_ be, and we are already starting on very
             | rocky footing. Moreover, the axioms, as they are presented
             | in Euclid or common modern educational sources, are not
             | sufficient to do what is claimed. For example, the proof of
             | postulate 1 already has a logical gap because there is no
             | axiom which guarantees the existence of a point lying at
             | the intersection of the two circles one has drawn. Again,
             | the argument relies crucially on a figure, which is the
             | intuition pump used in all of Euclid, but the picture is
             | not based on any of the axioms, so it is reinforcing a bad
             | way of thinking about proofs that is intuitive and not at
             | all focused on carefully using definitions and axioms. (Of
             | course, one can fix Euclidean geometry to be rigorous by
             | adding many extra axioms, but the resulting axiomatic
             | system is much more complex and is not at all suitable for
             | highschool students, except possibly the brightest.)
             | 
             | The second, somewhat more minor, issue I have with
             | Euclidean geometry, related to the first, is that the way
             | arguments are phrased, and the use of figures to
             | illustrate, often hides many logical steps that are only
             | implicit. In particular, I am thinking of the implicit use
             | of qunatifiers in statements that are proven in Euclidean
             | geometry. This is an issue because as soon as one moves on
             | to proofs in any other context encountered by students,
             | e.g. in first year undergrad, it becomes much more
             | difficult to do things correctly while only thinking about
             | quantifiers implicitly.
             | 
             | It would be much more beneficial, in my opinion, to have
             | the first introduction to proofs be a topic that is much,
             | much simpler (such as integers) where the focus can be
             | purely on how statements are formed with quantifiers, how
             | strategies of proof are determined based on the form of the
             | statement and which quantifiers are involved, and how the
             | (much shorter and simpler, and not requiring an intuition
             | pump to use correctly) definitions and basic properties of
             | that topic can be applied in a proof.
             | 
             | The root of all of this is the importance in proofs of
             | properly using the definitions and axioms. Students in
             | highschool, except the most talented, just are not careful
             | thinkers and will revert to their preferred lazy way of
             | thinking (such as pictures and vague ideas) as soon as you
             | give them the opening. In my experience, the only way to
             | force students to understand how to properly prove things
             | is to pull out the rug of their intuition, even briefly,
             | for just long enough so that they learn how to do things
             | without it. Then later, once they have properly adopted the
             | mindset of using the definitions, you can let the intuition
             | back in.
             | 
             | For context, I don't know if any of what I just said
             | reflects how Euclidean geometry is taught in, say,
             | Caifornia. I only know this from the perspective of having
             | tried to incorporate Euclidean geometry in an undergraduate
             | proofs course (in Canada where Euclidean geometry hasn't
             | been part of the grade school curriculum for some time).
        
             | cperciva wrote:
             | I would agree that proofs as introduced in high school
             | Geometry have more in common with formal axiomatic logic
             | than the vast majority of "real-world" mathematical proofs;
             | but a large part of that is just clumsy notation.
             | 
             | The fundamental concepts
             | 
             | 1. We have axioms which are things we accept without proof
             | because we all agree that they're obvious;
             | 
             | 2. Everything else should follow logically from things
             | which come earlier;
             | 
             | 3. Don't skip steps!
             | 
             | are extremely important and apply regardless of the field
             | you're in.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | But geometry is sort of badly suited to teaching this
               | because it's very hard to justify. We're good at thinking
               | geometrically so things look "obvious" unless you do bad
               | things like explicitly mislabel images (I remember some
               | geometric problems where clearly unequally drawn line
               | segments were labeled as equivalent).
               | 
               | Like you end up having to reteach proof in university
               | discrete math or stats classes anyway!
               | 
               | Using motivations that we know to be true (or can see
               | empirically are true) but don't feel trivial because "duh
               | those lines are the same length" is a lot more
               | compelling. You actually feel like you've learned
               | something, not just a dumb formalism for something you
               | could already intuit (and I mean if that's all proof
               | does, let you formalize things you already know, what's
               | the point?)
               | 
               | You're of course not the audience of these changes,
               | because I expect that my last statement made you gag a
               | little bit. But that's the way a lot of people are, and
               | we shouldn't restrict ourselves to teaching the way they
               | did 2500 years ago[0] unless there's still good reason to
               | do it that way.
               | 
               | [0]: I'll admit that I think "look they were able to
               | prove these things in this way 2500 years ago prior to
               | the conceptualization of zero" is a compelling way to
               | teach this stuff, but we don't do it that way either.
        
               | cperciva wrote:
               | I disagree: It's precisely when things _are_ obvious that
               | it 's useful to teach formal proof. You can't teach the
               | critical part of "don't skip steps" if nobody is even
               | tempted to skip steps.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | Why? "Do as I say without clear motivation except that
               | I'm telling you it's supposed to be done this way" is
               | maybe the worst way to teach. Is that justification going
               | to keep a group of 15 year olds engaged? It certainly
               | didn't for me.
        
               | darawk wrote:
               | I think the point is to teach people that apparently
               | obvious things are not always actually true. This is
               | extremely important in math as you move on, as i'm sure
               | you know. Many "obviously true" things are not actually
               | true when you get really serious about formalization.
               | Teaching kids that "seems true to me" isn't good enough
               | is a critical step along that path.
        
               | cperciva wrote:
               | Exactly. You can't teach people that sometimes their
               | intuition is wrong if they don't have any intuition to
               | begin with.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | I see this in theory, but I'm having a hard time thinking
               | of geometric problems that violate intuition and that are
               | appropriate to teach people who have no calculus and
               | limited algebraic skills (admittedly this limits
               | statistical problems too). I'm actually curious if you
               | have any good examples, because I don't.
               | 
               | And I think that's where my objection comes in: if you
               | spend the entire first year just developing that
               | intuition but forcing a rote procedure, you'll have lost
               | the majority of people already. Proof isn't arithmetic
               | and we shouldn't teach it in the same way. Sure develop
               | the process on the easy method first, but then show
               | people why it's important to not skip steps.
        
               | amalcon wrote:
               | I think a large part of the problem is just that it's
               | poorly integrated into the larger curricula[0]. By the
               | time a typical student reaches geometry class, they have
               | incorrectly learned that math consists of memorizing
               | things, pattern matching onto things they've memorized,
               | and making at most minor adjustments. The kind of logical
               | inference and objective-based reasoning that is necessary
               | for a rigorous proof is covered more in writing class
               | than in math. Some of the kids I've seen adjust well to
               | it have dabbled in software and pattern-matched proofs
               | onto that (which has its own pitfalls, but better than
               | nothing). The remainder had parents who taught this kind
               | of thinking from a much younger age.
               | 
               | For those not so lucky, they need to spend probably about
               | a semester un-learning what math _is_ before they can
               | really start.
               | 
               | [0]- In the arbitrary parts of the US that I know
               | anything about
        
               | AlanYx wrote:
               | One advantage of geometric proofs is that they seem to be
               | more accessible to some kinds of learners (visual/spatial
               | thinkers) than proofs of purely symbolic results.
        
             | BeetleB wrote:
             | For quite a while I thought I'd never be great at math
             | because I struggled with geometry. Fortunately, I ignored
             | that voice in my head and went on to do lots of advanced
             | math (analysis, abstract algebra, computational methods),
             | ranking in the top 10% of Polya, etc.
             | 
             | I still suck at geometry.
             | 
             | Geometry is a really poor representation of whether one can
             | do proof based maths.
        
             | jacobmartin wrote:
             | It is interesting to me that you didn't encounter problems
             | with the rote geometric method before abstract algebra. I
             | went to a so-so public school in the American South, so I
             | don't think I exactly had a stellar introduction to math or
             | even school/academics in general, but beginning in
             | trigonometry, we had to structure our proofs with more
             | words and 'connective tissue,' and less explicit
             | axiomatization/symbolization. Calculus continued this
             | trend, and by the time I took linear algebra (at a local
             | university while I was still in high school), the proofs
             | were exactly like the proofs I would write throughout
             | college. But there were several 'stepping stones' away from
             | the original geometric proof.
             | 
             | Though admittedly I only got an SB in Math, I think
             | geometric proofs were an okay _introduction_ to the idea of
             | the proof and of logic. Of course they are not
             | representative of professional math. There are many things
             | we learn as an introduction which don 't turn out to bear
             | that much resemblance to the more advanced form. I don't
             | write 5-paragraph essays with clear thesis sentences
             | anymore either. But it helped me to learn to write that way
             | as a way of clarifying that I was stating my arguments
             | effectively.
             | 
             | Sometimes, for my homework, I tried to state very
             | explicitly in my proofs which axiomata I was using, both as
             | an intellectual exercise and to see, e.g., where I might
             | have gotten my logic backwards or where I used the axiom of
             | choice (which constantly surprised me). I wouldn't turn
             | these overexplicit proofs, but it helped to clarify that I
             | was doing things correctly. If anything, when I was in
             | college, the trend was _away_ from  'informal' language.
             | When I took, e.g., Discrete Math, for more complicated
             | proofs, we were encouraged to write out a DAG for the
             | dependencies of the proofs/lemmata so that it was
             | exceedingly clear what depended on what and that we had in
             | fact proven what we set out to prove.
        
               | akomtu wrote:
               | What are those "geometric proofs"? I've never seen this
               | term before. Geometry is really just numbers in disguise,
               | e.g. a circle is really numbers that define its center
               | and its radius, and sometimes those numbers are defined
               | implicitly, e.g. when its a highly complex curve that's
               | not reducible to simple circles and lines. In this sense,
               | all proofs are about symbols and numbers, geometry is
               | only there to guide our intuition.
        
             | jjoonathan wrote:
             | Agreed. Personally I think we should swap our high school
             | curriculum:                   Geometry -> Proofy Linear
             | Algebra         Trig     -> Computational Linear Algebra
             | 
             | I think the heydey of Trig was in the age of navigation and
             | the heydey of Geometry was in the age of machines.
             | Meanwhile, today, linear algebra has supplanted both of
             | them, runs the world besides, and it seems to only be
             | getting started.
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | Rather than geometry or linear algebra, I'd love to see
               | logic and set theory taught that early as more than a
               | passing topic.
        
               | lstodd wrote:
               | Can only up this. Not teaching set theory is just an
               | abomination. And logic. That year of Prolog taught me so
               | much.
        
               | lstodd wrote:
               | Which would be utterly useless.
               | 
               | Math, and specifically Geometry aren't about useful
               | skills, they are about understanding the world.
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | Linear algebra has geometry flat out beat in that arena,
               | too. This isn't to say that Geometry doesn't help you
               | learn about the world, but it _is_ to say that Linear
               | Algebra should be prioritized above Geometry if your goal
               | is to understand the world.
               | 
               | I can't remember a physics class where LA _didn 't_ pay
               | heavy dividends -- in particular, differential equations
               | are the language of physics, and you'd be hard pressed to
               | find either an analytical or computational diff eq
               | technique that didn't have a core of linear algebra.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, the last time Power of a Point gave me
               | dividends was on math contests.
        
               | lstodd wrote:
               | LA is a very useful tool.
               | 
               | But imagine that you never heard of concepts behind it.
               | 
               | It'd just become a more-or-less useful artefact. And in
               | no time it would devolve into a useless ... thing so to
               | say, a decoration, as you lose knowledge how to apply it.
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | Yes, Geometry makes the funnest puzzles :-)
               | 
               | Believe me, it pains me to suggest bumping it back.
               | Introductory proofy linear algebra just hits a quadruple
               | home run: it's astonishingly useful, it's getting moreso,
               | it's simple enough to remain age appropriate, and it can
               | serve as an intro to proofs. As much as I enjoy geometry
               | puzzles, I just don't see how they compete with that.
               | 
               | For the true fans, of course, the answer today & in this
               | hypothetical future is still to learn both.
        
               | BeetleB wrote:
               | > I think the heydey of Trig was in the age of navigation
               | and the heydey of Geometry was in the age of machines.
               | 
               | Sorry, but this is crazy. If you're in physics,
               | electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, or civil
               | engineering[1], then trigonometry appears in so many
               | problems - including ones that have little to do with
               | triangles and geometry.
               | 
               | Calc II is heavy on trigonometry for a good reason. So
               | many integrals that show up in the "real world" are
               | solvable if you know your trig identities. These show up
               | in semiconductor theory, mechanics, electromagnetics,
               | quantum mechanics, etc.
               | 
               | Trig is the one thing I'm glad I was taught well in high
               | school. Used it all the time for over a decade.
               | 
               | [1] And probably many other disciplines.
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | _Trigonometry_ has little to do with triangles. It 's
               | more appropriately titled circleometry.
        
             | taeric wrote:
             | I'm curious on how you structure proofs, then? That is, how
             | do you recommend?
        
             | maire wrote:
             | > Geometry proofs are a terrible way of introducing
             | rigorous mathematical proofs to students
             | 
             | You might be right, but they are the only high school math
             | class that teaches proofs. If you take away geometry you
             | are left with nothing.
             | 
             | Having said that - any math concept can be memorized and
             | regurgitated. My kids are in CA elementary math right now
             | and it seems to be better than when I was a kid. The
             | emphasis is on derivation rather than memorization. It
             | might just be that geometry is better now than when you
             | were a kid.
        
           | cozzyd wrote:
           | At least at my school, there was a special geometry class
           | that included proofs ("formal geometry"). Other than the
           | handful of few people who bothered to take that class, there
           | was very little way in the way of proofs in the geometry
           | class that 98% of people took (ok, I tested out of geometry
           | so I don't really know what was in the curriculum).
        
             | cperciva wrote:
             | This makes me sad. High school Geometry without proofs is
             | indeed not worth keeping. (Except maybe as a two week
             | discussion of triangles and right angles so that students
             | understand what they are when they hit trig.)
        
           | ajkjk wrote:
           | Proof-based high school geometry is an absolute joke and
           | should be excised as soon as possible. There is no better way
           | to ruin someone's enthusiasm for math while teaching them
           | nothing useful... imo.
           | 
           | https://www.maa.org/external_archive/devlin/LockhartsLament..
           | .. makes the best case for this.
        
           | showerst wrote:
           | While both are clearly important, if we only have so many
           | hours in the day I'd rather a high school student have a
           | grasp on basic stats than basic formal proofs.
           | 
           | As a data point of one (heh there's that stats again...) my
           | two high school geometry classes 15 years ago never touched
           | any proofs. I have no clue if they still teach that way.
           | 
           | Edit: just noticed that I'm replying to someone who is far
           | more knowledgeable about math than me. I stand by my point
           | though, people like Colin can seek that out in more advanced
           | classes.
        
             | jelliclesfarm wrote:
             | "Lies, damned lies, and statistics"
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | I had proofs in HS geometry way back when. I also hated it
             | and it was the worst I ever did in a math class K-12.
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | A somewhat similar point is expressed in Underwood Dudley's
           | article "What is Mathematics For?" from the May 2010 Notices
           | of the AMS [1].
           | 
           | Briefly, he argues that we greatly exaggerate how much math
           | you actually need in ordinary life and in most jobs that
           | people usually think of as needing math (and what you do
           | actually need can be learned on the job), but nevertheless
           | learning math is worthwhile and important because of what it
           | teaches you about how to think.
           | 
           | It's hard to imagine now, but back in the early days of the
           | US similar debates played out over teaching arithmetic in
           | schools. Most people didn't need more than counting and
           | simple addition and subtraction, so why make everyone learn
           | any more than that? Those few who meeded more could learn it
           | outside of school.
           | 
           | [1] http://www.ams.org/notices/201005/rtx100500608p.pdf
        
           | ivanech wrote:
           | I got nothing out of my high school geometry class but loved
           | my foundations class in college. I would have been a lot
           | better off just going straight to real proofs instead of
           | those annoying pseudo-proofs. But I don't know, other people
           | probably had different experiences and got a lot out of
           | geometry.
        
         | Youden wrote:
         | > The FAQ is at [2] and directly responds to these
         | characterizations.
         | 
         | I don't know whether it's intentional but the FAQ reads like
         | it's intending to deceive me. They answer questions with "no
         | we're not doing that", then follow up with how they do exactly
         | that with different words. For example:
         | 
         | Q: "Does the draft Mathematics Framework eliminate middle
         | school mathematics acceleration programs?"
         | 
         | A: "No. The draft Mathematics Framework does not eliminate
         | middle school mathematics acceleration programs (including
         | programs that offer Integrated Math 1 or Algebra 1 courses to
         | grade eight students). The draft Mathematics Framework
         | emphasizes the importance of following the sequenced
         | progression of topics laid out in the Common Core State
         | Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM) and considers the latest
         | research on the impact of skipping grades or undermining the
         | sequences progression."
         | 
         | They're not "eliminating", they're "emphasising" and
         | "considering". Maybe what they're doing really isn't
         | eliminating but it sure reads like it is. The tone reads like
         | corporate damage control. 'We didn't "spill" the oil, we
         | misplaced it.'
        
           | richk449 wrote:
           | > They're not "eliminating", they're "emphasizing" and
           | "considering".
           | 
           | It is almost as if words have actual meanings ...
        
         | rahimnathwani wrote:
         | "The manufactured outrage over the California math
         | recommendations keep getting posted on HN. Read the actual text
         | of the plans here [1]."
         | 
         | This is not manufactured outrage. I have read the framework
         | (and many of the sources cited as support for the
         | recommendations), and I am outraged.
         | 
         | If you follow the footnotes, you'll find instances where:
         | 
         | - the framework incorrectly states the conclusion/claim in the
         | paper/study/web-page
         | 
         | - the framework relies on a claim in a paper/study/web-page,
         | when the paper/study/web-page lacks sufficient evidence to
         | support the claim due to poor experimental design, poor
         | interpretation, or lack of evidence altogether
         | 
         | "The FAQ is at [2] and directly responds to these
         | characterizations."
         | 
         | The FAQ does not accurately portray the implications of the
         | recommendations. (I read both the framework and FAQ a few
         | months ago.)
        
         | cgh wrote:
         | Thanks. The new emphasis on stats and probability is so
         | important and is something I wish I'd had before taking my
         | first university stats courses. There's probably no branch of
         | math more important to everyday life and maintaining an
         | educated discourse in society.
        
         | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
         | I've read most of the text. It's pretty misleading to say the
         | guidelines don't ban accelerated courses, because they don't
         | really have a concept of "banning" things in general; they're a
         | vision of what the curriculum should look like, not a list of
         | rules. The guidelines do make it pretty clear that accelerated
         | classes are not part of the vision.
        
         | csee wrote:
         | > the framework does not forbid gifted and talented programs
         | 
         | How do I square this with their claim that the CMF is _"
         | placing obstacles (such as doubling-up, compressed courses, or
         | outside-of-school private courses) in the way of those who want
         | to take advanced math in higher grades."_?
        
           | weeblewobble wrote:
           | pretty easily, I think. even taking the claim as given,
           | "placing obstacles" is not the same as "forbidding"
        
             | nickff wrote:
             | This is a classic tactic. How many trees do you need to
             | make a forest? How many pebbles make a dam?
        
             | sct202 wrote:
             | To get around the obstacles most kids will need a very
             | motivated parent who can advocate for them with admins, and
             | that basically will just harm kids who's parents don't have
             | the time/resources/charisma to make it happen for their
             | kid.
        
             | csee wrote:
             | This is semantics, no? Couldn't the obstacles be so large
             | that it's practically the same as forbidding?
             | 
             | When I read "they're not forbidden", I take that to also
             | mean that there's few new obstacles.
        
         | crackercrews wrote:
         | Unfortunate that this is the top post since almost all of the
         | replies disagree with it. Would be better if another root-level
         | comment were at the top.
        
         | monocasa wrote:
         | Ironically, geometry literally means "the measuring of land"
         | because it's a field derived from the bronze age super powers,
         | who needed to resurvey the farming plots after each river
         | flood. A farmer might actually have some benefit knowing it
         | really well.
        
           | cyber_kinetist wrote:
           | Also, it helps to have some intuition of geometry when you're
           | actually building something (whether that be construction,
           | mechanical engineering, woodcutting, papercrafting, you name
           | it...)
           | 
           | Geometry is one of those things that you can teach in the
           | utmost horrible way though (make students memorize theorems
           | verbatim), I understand why students can perceive it as
           | incredibly boring and useless.
        
       | legerdemain wrote:
       | Math at school started losing me some time around multiplying and
       | dividing fractions, and I haven't seen anything uses of math in
       | any of my jobs. I, for one, am glad that schools are finally
       | removing the unnecessary pressure to Take More Math Than
       | Necessary. Maybe they can now focus on more practical subjects
       | like CS or shop, or even just reduce the number of hours students
       | spend cooped up in those kid prisons with tyrannical teachers.
        
         | it_does_follow wrote:
         | > I haven't seen anything uses of math in any of my jobs
         | 
         | Math didn't "click" with me until well after college, when I
         | eventually caught up on a lot of calculus, discrete math,
         | probability and stats, to the point where I ended up doing math
         | most of the day as a data scientist.
         | 
         | Before I learned math I used to feel like you did, and would
         | argue that math wasn't necessary to be a good programmer.
         | 
         | Funny thing is that only once I learned a lot of math did I
         | realize how insanely applicable it was to a wide, wide range of
         | problems I was working on. Because I had to learn it late in
         | life I learned math more enthusiastically than most of my data
         | science peers and so find that even in that domain people don't
         | realize how often they can use math to solve problems better
         | and faster.
         | 
         | I wish I had had better teachers in HS that were able to make
         | me realize just how important math is to so many interesting
         | and fun problems.
         | 
         | It's sort of shocking to me, looking back at HS, how many math
         | teachers didn't have a good answer to "when are we going to use
         | stuff?". I wish I could take some of my friends making high six
         | figure salaries with a penchant for late night partying to
         | explain to HS students exactly how math is useful because it
         | lets you get a job where nobody cares how much weed you smoke,
         | how late you sleep, and pay your more than many doctors all
         | because you can do some basic calculus tricks. Plus you get to
         | work on really fun problems.
        
         | skeeter2020 wrote:
         | I learned the conversion factors approach in chemistry but it's
         | really just a basic math process of starting with something in
         | one unit set, having a target unit and applying conversions
         | until you get to your goal. It's probably the single most
         | powerful technique I took from public school.
         | 
         | If you think we can teach CS at any sort of non-trivial level
         | without an understanding of math beyond grade 7/8 you don't
         | really know what computer science is. Even if you mean
         | "programming", kids want to primarily build games which
         | involves tonnes of HS math. Even shop courses often involve
         | questions like "find the center of an object".
        
           | nyanpasu64 wrote:
           | I think units are brilliant, and use them extensively in math
           | and programming. However I often get sloppy and conflate
           | conversion factors (60 minutes per hour) and quantities
           | (44100 samples per second). This usually isn't a problem, as
           | long as I use different units for sampling rates (samples per
           | second) and waveform frequencies (cycles per second) instead
           | of calling them both hertz. But things get messy when you're
           | converting between multiple different sampling rates,
           | polyphase resamplers ("64 subsamples per sample" etc.),
           | overlap-add convolution (which has like 3 different
           | quantities all labeled "samples"), and such.
        
         | jimbokun wrote:
         | > Maybe they can now focus on more practical subjects like CS
         | or shop, or even just reduce the number of hours students spend
         | cooped up in those kid prisons with tyrannical teachers.
         | 
         | Well that is a strong argument for separate tracks. Advanced
         | math courses for those intending to study STEM in university,
         | CS and shop for those intending to get a job directly out of
         | high school.
         | 
         | (And yes, CS as "programming" and not an academic discipline is
         | something you could learn well enough to get a job right out of
         | high school, or maybe with a couple more years technical
         | education, at most.)
        
       | tannhauser23 wrote:
       | If I were a billionaire I would fund Asia-style 'cram' academies
       | in disadvantaged neighborhoods and make them free. Provide a safe
       | place where students can get extra-school training in music,
       | writing, math, etc. Create communities of students who, yes,
       | compete against each other and become motivated to succeed.
       | 
       | Bloomberg giving $750 million to charter schools is a great
       | start: https://www.wsj.com/articles/michael-bloomberg-why-im-
       | backin...
        
         | cyber_kinetist wrote:
         | From my experience, the students who are truly gifted only
         | needs a good environment they can study in (without worrying
         | about money/work/bullying/parental abuse) but they definitely
         | do not need 'cram schools'. The talented ones often have enough
         | motivation to study what they like, and they can do self-study
         | well with just light attention/mentoring from teachers.
         | 
         | People who are blindly praising Asian-style cram education
         | really haven't actually experienced one in their youth at all;
         | it is a fucking disaster at raising actual talent, and it robs
         | you so much of your adolescence.
        
           | rahimnathwani wrote:
           | "The talented ones often have enough motivation to study what
           | they like, and they can do self-study well with just light
           | attention/mentoring from teachers."
           | 
           | There are many people who do not fit this category, but could
           | still benefit immensely from good teaching.
           | 
           | I know, because I was one of them.
        
         | 908B64B197 wrote:
         | > I would fund Asia-style 'cram' academies in disadvantaged
         | neighborhoods and make them free
         | 
         | Cram schools are laughably useless. Works well at a national
         | level with a large enough population but they are really a side
         | effect of the intense competition and pressure for the few
         | decent university spots available in Asian countries (per
         | capita).
         | 
         | It's basically optimized to pass a test, not learn, and heavily
         | rewards rote memorization.
        
         | micromacrofoot wrote:
         | I live in one of those neighborhoods and you would find that
         | literally no one would enroll.
         | 
         | Cram schools succeed in Asian countries because there's an
         | enormous amount of pressure to pass entrance exams, in
         | disadvantaged neighborhoods kids often aren't even pressured to
         | the point of graduating high school at all.
        
         | yardie wrote:
         | Billionaires could do this and yet chose not to.
         | 
         | Do you ever wonder why American schools finish at 2-3pm rather
         | than run the entire day as Western Europe? So that teachers
         | could get that extra 3-4+ hours of doing the administration
         | side of classroom work (grading, report writing, planning,
         | etc). Even when parents request it there never appears to be
         | enough money for afterschool programs, school districts create
         | and withdraw them all the time depending on budget that you
         | can't actually make plans for them.
        
           | donkarma wrote:
           | western europe is a pretty big place dude, which country are
           | you talking about?
        
       | Gunax wrote:
       | Sounds good to me--less competition!
       | 
       | (I kid, this sounds disasterous).
        
       | crackercrews wrote:
       | I started reading the California Math Framework but stopped
       | partway through the intro, when I got to the part that says:
       | 
       | > we reject ideas of natural gifts and talents
       | 
       | It must be nice to think about a world in which every child is an
       | equally-capable blank slate. But we do not live in that world. We
       | live in a world where some people are tall, and somewhat more
       | likely to be successful basketball players. And some people find
       | math easy, and are somewhat more likely to succeed in math.
       | 
       | When you start out with flawed assumptions, it's not surprising
       | when your prescriptions (no advanced math for anyone!) are
       | foolish and counterproductive.
        
         | Angostura wrote:
         | Context is important, no? I'm not sure how you got to read that
         | bit, without reading the preceding rationale:
         | 
         | > Research is also clear that all students are capable of
         | becoming powerful mathematics learners and users (Boaler,
         | 2019a, c). This notion runs counter to many students' ideas
         | about school mathematics. Most adults can recall times when
         | they received messages during their school or college years
         | that they were not cut out for mathematics-based fields. The
         | race-, class-, and gender-based differences in those who pursue
         | more advanced mathematics make it clear that messages students
         | receive about who belongs in mathematics are biased along
         | racial, socioeconomic status, language, and gender lines, a
         | fact that has led to considerable inequities in mathematics.
         | 
         | >In 2015, Sarah-Jane Leslie, Andrei Cimpian, and colleagues
         | interviewed university professors in different subject areas to
         | gauge student perceptions of educational "gifts"--the concept
         | that people need a special ability to be successful in a
         | particular field. The results were staggering; the more
         | prevalent the idea, in any academic field, the fewer women and
         | people of color participating in that field. This outcome held
         | across all thirty subjects in the study. More mathematics
         | professors believed that students needed a gift than any other
         | professor of STEAM content. The study highlights the subtle
         | ways that students are dissuaded from continuing in mathematics
         | and underscores the important role mathematics teachers play in
         | communicating messages that mathematics success is only
         | achievable for select students. This pervasive belief more
         | often influences women and people of color to conclude they
         | will not find success in classes or studies that rely on
         | knowledge of mathematics.
         | 
         | >Negative messages, either explicit ("I think you'd be happier
         | if you didn't take that hard mathematics class") or implicit
         | ("I'm just not a math person"), both imply that only some
         | people can succeed. Perceptions can also be personal ("Math
         | just doesn't seem to be your strength") or general ("This test
         | isn't showing me that these students have what it takes in
         | math." My other class aced this test."). And they can also be
         | linked to labels ("low kids," "bubble kids," "slow kids") that
         | lead to a differentiated and unjust mathematics education for
         | students.
         | 
         | That _leads_ to the principals:
         | 
         | > * All students deserve powerful mathematics; we reject ideas
         | of natural gifts and talents (Cimpian et al, 2015; Boaler,
         | 2019) and the "cult of the genius" (Ellenberg, 2015).
         | 
         | > * The belief that "I treat everyone the same" is
         | insufficient: Active efforts in mathematics teaching are
         | required in order to counter the cultural forces that have led
         | to and continue to perpetuate current inequities (Langer-Osuna,
         | 2011).
        
           | naasking wrote:
           | > The results were staggering; the more prevalent the idea,
           | in any academic field, the fewer women and people of color
           | participating in that field. This outcome held across all
           | thirty subjects in the study.
           | 
           | This is not evidence that natural talent is not needed, it is
           | at best some evidence that minorities and women maybe don't
           | think they have the requisite natural talent.
           | 
           | > Negative messages, either explicit ("I think you'd be
           | happier if you didn't take that hard mathematics class") or
           | implicit ("I'm just not a math person"), both imply that only
           | some people can succeed.
           | 
           | To say the evidence for stereotype threat is "weak" is
           | charitable at best [1], and multiple replication attempts
           | have failed entirely.
           | 
           | Overall, the evidence that was cited is simply not sufficient
           | to justify the principles you list.
           | 
           | [1] https://replicationindex.com/2017/04/07/hidden-figures-
           | repli...
        
           | ThrowawayR2 wrote:
           | > " _The results were staggering; the more prevalent the
           | idea, in any academic field, the fewer women and people of
           | color participating in that field. This outcome held across
           | all thirty subjects in the study. More mathematics professors
           | believed that students needed a gift than any other professor
           | of STEAM content._ "
           | 
           | Wait, the finest minds and educators in their respective
           | fields are providing observational data that gifts are a real
           | phenomenon, literally contradicting " _reject ideas of
           | natural gifts and talents_ ". This is tremendous news that
           | should have been a clarion call to seek out and elevate the
           | gifted and invest every possible effort to nurture their
           | gifts.
           | 
           | Yet the conclusion is somehow the exact opposite: that
           | "gifts" are a falsehood used to malignly, even if
           | unconsciously and unintentionally, dissuade people. How is
           | this possible?
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | None of that actually shows that natural gifts and talents do
           | not exist or are not necessary. Their results could be
           | equally well explained by mathematics success requiring both
           | gifts and early encouragement and support to develop those
           | gifts, with children from less well off groups receiving less
           | of the latter.
        
           | freemint wrote:
           | Thanks for this. It's important to highlight that if students
           | had problems with one area of math but are talented in
           | another that they might never experience that they are good
           | at when math is taught area by area and not in an integrated
           | way.
           | 
           | Math is not scalar is skill! When I am working with Boolean
           | value function i almost always need to draw a table of all
           | options while in Linear Algebra or numerics of differential
           | equations I have a quiet good intuition.
        
           | crackercrews wrote:
           | FYI the first cited research is to the work of the primary
           | author of the CMF. Her work appears to be very ideologically-
           | motivated, and her colleagues have raised serious questions
           | about her research. She also routinely misrepresents the work
           | of others. Based on what I have read [1, 2 of many], I no
           | longer trust anything she says without checking the actual
           | source.
           | 
           | Based on coverage I've read, the CMF does not cite,
           | acknowledge, or discuss any of the critiques of Boaler's
           | work. If they had good responses to these critiques, they
           | probably would have spent some of their 800 pages addressing
           | these serious challenges.
           | 
           | 1: http://www.danielwillingham.com/daniel-willingham-science-
           | an...
           | 
           | 2: https://gregashman.wordpress.com/2019/03/03/jo-boaler-
           | cites-...
        
         | bsder wrote:
         | > When you start out with flawed assumptions
         | 
         | This is _not_ a flawed assumption with respect to baseline high
         | school learning.
         | 
         | People can be taught much more mathematics and science than
         | they normally learn.
         | 
         | This is not limited to STEM--people can be taught to write much
         | better than they normally learn, as well.
         | 
         | The trick with the students is getting to the students _before_
         | the  "I'm not a <X> person/<X> isn't for me" kicks in. That
         | means you _have_ to get them in the 5th-8th grades--5th is a
         | bit early /8th is a bit late.
        
           | crackercrews wrote:
           | > People can be taught much more mathematics and science than
           | they normally learn.
           | 
           | I don't disagree. But holding back advanced students is no
           | way to accomplish this.
        
             | bsder wrote:
             | People talk about "holding back advanced students", but, in
             | the real world, this never happens.
             | 
             | My father (a high school teacher for almost 4 decades) used
             | to say: "I can't stop an advanced student even if I wanted
             | to--sheer boredom will propel them to _do something_. " For
             | him, dealing with an advanced student was the easiest thing
             | in the world and took practically no effort--a little extra
             | work with a slight bit of focus and they're off and
             | running. At that point, he could practically forget about
             | them until they raised an interrupt.
             | 
             | My own personal experiences in school also reflect this.
             | Most of my teachers forced me to turn in "normal" homework,
             | pointed me at something more advanced, and let me at it
             | while occasionally checking in on me or offering advice.
             | Sure, they did this so that they could get me off their
             | plate to focus on someone else. But, to be fair, what they
             | had me doing is also the essence of _learning_ --self-
             | directed engagement with an unfamiliar knowledge base via
             | intrinsic motivation.
             | 
             | And, to be fair, if your "advanced" student can't operate
             | in that regime, are they really that "advanced" after all?
             | _Far_ too many parents think their children are  "advanced"
             | when they are merely a touch above average and really do
             | fit inside the "standard" curriculum.
             | 
             | The real problem in high school is motivating average to
             | below-average students who want to be anywhere but in
             | class. Video games, hanging with friends/dates, vaping/CBD,
             | etc. is way more compelling than anything having to do with
             | school. Getting through to those students is _difficult_
             | and has very little to do with the curriculum.
             | 
             | The biggest irony is that the same people who preach that
             | there are intrinsic differences always seem to forget that
             | concept when it comes time to hire and pay teachers. Funny
             | that.
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | > The real problem in high school is motivating average
               | to below-average students who want to be anywhere but in
               | class.
               | 
               | And that is the real problem for parents looking for an
               | "accelerated" track at school.
               | 
               | All they really want is a program that will challenge
               | their kids and surround them with an equally motivated
               | peer group that has a goal of getting into a selective
               | university.
               | 
               | That is what drives private school enrollment, selecting
               | public schools in areas with high property tax revenues,
               | and accelerated tracks within public schools with lower
               | socio-economic status.
        
               | TraceWoodgrains wrote:
               | It comes from a real place of privilege to claim schools
               | holding advanced students back never happens. To name one
               | specific example with the most capable, Miraca Gross ran
               | a longitudinal study with children scoring above 180 on
               | IQ tests and found stark differences in motivation,
               | satisfaction, and accomplishment depending on their level
               | of academic acceleration[1]. (Terence Tao was "Adrian" in
               | this study and was one of the models of successfully
               | educating an advanced student). Kids might do something
               | more with math out of sheer boredom, or they might just
               | devote their energy to Pokemon instead--believe me, it's
               | not just the below average students who feel the urge
               | towards everything else you mention.
               | 
               | Every student, no matter how capable, benefits
               | dramatically from instruction tuned to their level and
               | ability. Claiming advanced students will take care of
               | themselves is an absolute failure in an instructor's duty
               | of care towards them, an excuse to make the teacher feel
               | better about not having the time, interest, or knowledge
               | to provide proper instruction. There is no merit to the
               | notion.
               | 
               | [1] https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ746290.pdf
        
               | bsder wrote:
               | You are talking about a _4 sigma deviation_. Really? Your
               | objection to a curriculum is that it doesn 't cater to
               | the 1 in 50,000 child? A child that 90%+ of school
               | districts _will never see_.
               | 
               | Sorry. That's not even close to being a valid argument.
               | 
               | > Every student, no matter how capable, benefits
               | dramatically from instruction tuned to their level and
               | ability.
               | 
               | Oh, I agree. And the research supports it. However, when
               | you tally up the bill for 2 teachers per every 10 or
               | fewer students to make that happen, suddenly everybody
               | starts screaming and objecting.
               | 
               | And curriculum has no bearing on any of that.
        
               | TraceWoodgrains wrote:
               | Really, you're objecting to rarity after the emphasis you
               | presented? I went with 4 sigma because you claimed truly
               | gifted kids would take care of themselves. As you note,
               | you can't get much more extreme than that. My point was
               | to directly refute that specific claim of yours. The same
               | principles absolutely apply for the one in a thousand, or
               | one in a hundred, or one in twenty; they're just
               | proportionately less extreme for each.
        
             | seoaeu wrote:
             | Really frustrating that these sorts of arguments usually
             | devolve into making no distinction between "basically
             | everyone can pass a high school math curriculum with the
             | right resources and support" and "not everyone can be a
             | world class mathematician". Those are both true!
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | That is very different than claiming different people have
           | different innate abilities.
        
         | itronitron wrote:
         | > we reject ideas of natural gifts and talents
         | 
         | That is not surprising to hear as it was written by people that
         | have invested a large part of their careers in the educational
         | system.
         | 
         |  _" Those who can't, teach. Those who can't teach, teach Gym."_
        
         | guerrilla wrote:
         | > is an equally-capable blank slate.
         | 
         | It seems like tabula rasa idealism has made a serious
         | resurgence in leftist and liberal circles and the scary thing
         | is that nobody (other than extremists saying nonsense) is
         | really talking about this explicitly. Somehow we went from a
         | bunch of stuff being cultural constructs to literally
         | everything is a cultural construct and then this somehow became
         | extremely widespread in no time at all. We need to have this
         | conversation out-loud.
        
           | twblalock wrote:
           | It's not just the assumption of a blank slate -- it's the
           | assumption that because everyone is a blank slate,
           | differences between people _must_ be the result of oppression
           | or racism of some kind, and that the primary purpose of
           | education is not to teach, but rather to fight that
           | oppression.
           | 
           | Even mathematics education is now being twisted by this --
           | it's now seen as more important for math classes to pursue
           | equality/equity than it is to _teach math_.
           | 
           | One outcome of this is a levelling effect -- an equal outcome
           | for all students, in which they all possess average
           | mathematical skills, is preferred to a situation in which
           | some students perform above average.
        
           | ng12 wrote:
           | Careful there, Harrison Bergeron.
        
           | BitwiseFool wrote:
           | Every single one of us has things we support in-public but
           | don't sincerely support in-private. Most of the time this
           | isn't a problem because the endorsements we make don't end up
           | affecting our own personal lives.
           | 
           | I have not met a single parent who didn't want to try and
           | give their own children an advantage over the others. It is
           | one thing to support "equity in education", but when parents
           | sense that these activists are trying to dumb-down the
           | curriculum, I expect significant pushback. Especially because
           | this is quite literally a "won't somebody please think of the
           | children" issue.
        
             | bittercynic wrote:
             | This seems inconsistent on the surface, but I think it is
             | reasonable to want both. You can push for a more equitable
             | world while recognizing that we currently live in a society
             | that's pretty economically savage to some of its members,
             | and it's understandable to want yourself and loved ones to
             | not be the ones on the losing end of our society.
        
             | csee wrote:
             | Why would there be pushback if they can just send their
             | kids to private schools and not bear the negative
             | consequences? Virtue signalling is actually advantageous to
             | them. If they handicap all the public school kids then
             | their own kids will be more likely to get into the top
             | schools that manufacture scarcity.
        
               | BitwiseFool wrote:
               | I suspect plenty of parents will begin the process of
               | trying to get their kinds into a private school, but it
               | still requires a lot of resources and effort. I sense
               | that most parents would try to fight this while
               | simultaneously trying to find a way out while the process
               | goes on.
               | 
               | As for the competitive advantage, I think that only works
               | for the children who are already in the private school
               | system.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | Sending your kids to a private school is already
               | considered suspect these days in some circles. And,
               | conversely, some people specifically send their children
               | to public schools for ideological reasons.
        
               | 908B64B197 wrote:
               | It will also drop the average test score at public
               | schools, thus getting the woke crowd to lower the
               | standards again! The cycle repeats itself.
        
               | VLM wrote:
               | Virtue signaling is always elitist. Look at whom does it.
               | 
               | So the "social disease" of virtue signaling will follow
               | the higher socioeconomic crowd where ever they go.
        
           | naasking wrote:
           | > Somehow we went from a bunch of stuff being cultural
           | constructs to literally everything is a cultural construct
           | and then this somehow became extremely widespread in no time
           | at all.
           | 
           | The people who were critical of the first moves in this
           | direction and explicitly said it would be a slippery slope
           | were dismissed at the time. We're still moving in that
           | direction. Hopefully the pendulum will swing back to
           | something more reasonbale.
        
           | cyber_kinetist wrote:
           | > tabula rasa idealism has made a serious resurgence in
           | leftist and liberal circles
           | 
           | Maybe from liberals, but from what I've seen not the left.
           | Marx's mantra is literally "From each according to his
           | ability, to each according to his needs", it has nothing to
           | do with liberal conceptions of tabula rasa idealism. I've
           | never seen a leftist who asserts that people start from a
           | blank state and can be "anyone" depending on the
           | circumstances, that statement will get you accused of having
           | bourgeois sensibilities who ignore the material forces of the
           | world.
        
             | guerrilla wrote:
             | Well, I can't say the same as that's the majority of where
             | I see it from right now. I don't follow MLs on twitter but
             | most of who I follow are anarchists and democratic
             | socialists.
        
             | rendang wrote:
             | Here is a noted leftist writer who is not necessarily
             | arguing for the strongest case of "blank slatism" but is
             | definitely pushing in that direction here, claiming that
             | inherent differences are overemphasized.
             | 
             | https://www.currentaffairs.org/2020/09/we-dont-know-our-
             | pote...
        
         | jonahx wrote:
         | > and somewhat more likely to be successful basketball players.
         | And some people find math easy, and are somewhat more likely to
         | succeed in math.
         | 
         | I wholeheartedly agree with your point, but there is no
         | "somewhat" about it. The differences can be and often are
         | stark, and we shouldn't shy away from saying that if we want an
         | honest and productive conversation. It does not exclude the
         | also-true fact that good education, practice, and other
         | controllable environmental factors play an important role.
        
           | throwawayboise wrote:
           | Absolutely. Some people are gifted. Not everybody is,
           | otherwise it wouldn't be called that. They are better than
           | other people at certain things. It may be math, it may be
           | athletic ability, it may be music or another artistic talent.
           | We should be nurturing and developing individuals in what
           | they are naturally best at, as that tends to also be what
           | they like to do and probably leads to happier and more
           | successful lives.
        
           | commandlinefan wrote:
           | > we shouldn't shy away from saying that if we want an honest
           | and productive conversation
           | 
           | What makes you think anybody wants an honest and productive
           | conversation? One half is just trying to get the other half
           | to slip up and say something - anything - they can cancel
           | them for saying. The other half is just keeping their heads
           | down and trying not to lose their job for heresy.
        
         | BeetleB wrote:
         | If we were to abandon a policy after the first objection we can
         | raise over some disagreement we have with the policy, then all
         | policies would be rejected. This is not an intelligent way to
         | evaluate it.
         | 
         | It's not whether gifted students exist - it's the extent they
         | should be catered to. Society benefits more when you raise the
         | average than when you foster the top 0.1%. Even Soviet
         | mathematicians who moved to and taught in the US after the fall
         | of the Soviet Union said something to the effect of "sucks for
         | talented folks, but better for society" when they compared it
         | to Soviet education.
         | 
         | With that context, whether they exist or not is really a
         | rounding error. Most gifted students will do well eventually
         | whether we have special programs for them or not. And it's
         | challenging to show strong net positives for society if you did
         | have those programs. As in, actual data that supports having
         | them, vs mere anecdotes.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | freemint wrote:
           | Not catering to the gifted is a dangerous game for society as
           | an disproportionate amount of progress is made by gifted
           | which are properly nurtured.
           | 
           | > Gifted will do well regardless whether we have special
           | programs for them or not.
           | 
           | This is very much not true. Only gifted with rich or caring
           | parents will do well. Others might suffer a lot. Being in a
           | program for gifted for me made the difference between being
           | thrown out of a school because I never did the homework and
           | being invited and having my flights paid to a conference in
           | Japan where I gave a presentation while in the last grade of
           | school.
        
             | BeetleB wrote:
             | > Being in a program for gifted for me made the difference
             | between being thrown out of a school because I never did
             | the homework and being invited and having my flights paid
             | to a conference in Japan where I gave a presentation while
             | in the last grade of school.
             | 
             | The state can provide this without believing you have a
             | naturally innate ability in mathematics. They can still
             | construct programs for people who are performing better in
             | math.
             | 
             | The discussion is about _innate_ talent, not whether we
             | treat people who do well in math differently.
        
         | skulk wrote:
         | Have there been any studies separating "natural talents and
         | gifts" from a privileged upbringing where education was
         | prioritized from the moment of birth? I don't think enough
         | attention is paid to what happens during the critical period of
         | early child development (0-3 years of age).
         | 
         | If it turns out that "natural talents and gifts" are really
         | just due to a better critical period for the child, then the
         | liberals here are really shooting themselves in the foot with
         | this argument.
        
           | crackercrews wrote:
           | Check out "twin studies" for good evidence that nature plays
           | a significant role, not just nurture.
        
             | freemint wrote:
             | Are you aware of Twin studies that also control for
             | pregnancy? Meaning two quiet identical children are born
             | and raised by mothers of different social class?
        
               | csee wrote:
               | Possibly but they're not perfect either. If the
               | hypothesis is that discrimination post-birth is tied to
               | innate characteristics, then presumably both twins will
               | face similar discrimination and this will correlated
               | their environment, even though they've never met and were
               | raised by different people.
               | 
               | That said, twin studies do provide substantial evidence
               | that giftedness is highly heritable and probably
               | significantly genetic.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | I mean either you are aware of such studies or you
               | aren't. What do you mean with you are possibly aware of
               | such studies?
               | 
               | I am well aware of how twin studies but any claim about
               | the genetic component kinda falls apart for me based on
               | them as the children were in the same pregnant mother at
               | the same time.
        
               | csee wrote:
               | I meant they've possibly been done, just that I don't
               | know either way.
               | 
               | > any claim about the genetic component kinda falls apart
               | for me based on them as the children were in the same
               | pregnant mother at the same time.
               | 
               | They do somewhat control for pregnancy by comparing
               | identical vs fraternal twins, and finding a higher
               | correlation in intelligence between the former, as well
               | as a far more similar brain structure in regions known to
               | be related to intelligence (frontal cortex).
               | 
               | Anyway, it's impossible to get rid of all confounds via
               | twin studies. But this doesn't mean that twin studies
               | provide zero evidence. It just means the evidence can't
               | be fully conclusive. It just strongly points in the
               | direction of genetics.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | While Twin studies can explain like 50% of the observed
               | variance with heritability of IQ, genome wide association
               | studies using Polygenic scores are only able to predict
               | 5% of the variance from the genome itself when n=O(10^6).
               | The truth is most likely somewhere between those two.
               | 
               | Predicting IQ from genetic information alone should
               | remove all the of compounding factors (except those
               | introduced by IQ measurement itself) but can only serve
               | as a lower bound unless predictor overfitted the study
               | data.
        
               | csee wrote:
               | Where did you get 50%? Wikipedia says "Early twin studies
               | [show] 57% and 73%, with the most recent studies
               | [showing] 80%."[1]                 > The truth is most
               | likely somewhere between those two.            > but can
               | only serve as a lower bound unless predictor overfitted
               | the study data.
               | 
               | Yes, but the truth is likely somewhere much closer to the
               | upper bound (twin studies) than the lower bound (genome
               | studies).
               | 
               | Genome studies are only good for lower bounds. They're a
               | new methodology that isn't good with complex traits. For
               | example, they can only explain 20-30% of the variability
               | in hair color even though we know that hair color is
               | almost 100% genetic due to the observation that identical
               | twins always have the same hair color. Intelligence is
               | much more complex than hair color, so it's no surprise
               | that this method has failed to explain more than 5%.
               | Further, these studies often rely on weak proxies like
               | educational attainment because of the difficulty of IQ
               | testing at scale, and the studies that do try to IQ test
               | at scale suffer from small sample sizes which impacts the
               | ability to find results due to being underpowered.
               | 
               | Also, IQ becomes more correlated with parents as you age,
               | suggesting childhood environment plays a less important
               | role.
               | 
               | In addition, the jump in correlation from fraternal to
               | identical suggests more role for genetics than merely a
               | few %.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heritability_of_IQ
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | Yes, I remember reading about "separated at birth" twin
               | studies, too lazy to look it up right now.
               | 
               | But I remember they found a surprising amount of
               | similarities in twins brought up in different
               | environments.
        
           | bgorman wrote:
           | Do you really believe that Jacobi, Euler, Gauss and Ramanujan
           | were just beneficiaries of privileged upbringing?
        
             | noahtallen wrote:
             | Perhaps not, but the purpose of the public school system is
             | not to turn out a couple of geniuses every year. It's to
             | maintain a well-educated populace. Most resources should be
             | going towards making the average student better. I can't
             | tell you how many people have told me that I must be very
             | smart for going into computer science, and that they could
             | never do it because they're just not math/stem people. That
             | negative self-talk certainly has a huge amount to do with
             | whether they're capable of going into STEM.
             | 
             | To me, it seems these changes are oriented towards helping
             | everyone succeed in STEM, even those who don't think
             | they're math people. Which, again, is less to do with their
             | actual abilities and much more to do with their mental
             | dialogue.
             | 
             | This makes a ton of sense. Basically any skill or habit you
             | might want to develop can be easily thwarted if you're
             | struggling mentally with discipline, focus, self-image,
             | etc. In my opinion, the "mental game" is crucial to nearly
             | everything and doesn't get enough focus. (Think of how in
             | sports, a bad mental game can easily loose you the physical
             | game even if you're an incredible athlete.)
             | 
             | I doubt these educational changes would ever have much of
             | an impact on bonafide geniuses, because they are operating
             | in an entirely different context.
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | > Perhaps not, but the purpose of the public school
               | system is not to turn out a couple of geniuses every
               | year. It's to maintain a well-educated populace.
               | 
               | It should be both.
        
               | naasking wrote:
               | Even if it can't be both, a few geniuses could very well
               | outweigh the benefits of a slightly more well-educated
               | populace. Einstein arguably gave us GPS and space flight.
               | I'm not sure any amount of average-person level
               | mathematics could make some advances like that.
        
             | BeetleB wrote:
             | Do you really believe they would have benefited that much
             | from "advanced" classes in high school?
        
               | csee wrote:
               | That has nothing to do with the question of whether
               | there's such a thing as natural ability.
        
               | BeetleB wrote:
               | The wider discussion is about how to structure public
               | math education. If we're not going to connect it to the
               | details of said education, then it is a moot point to
               | discuss.
               | 
               | Of all the things to evaluate the policy on, this is a
               | real poor proxy as whether there are gifted people or not
               | usually has little bearing on the overall health of math
               | education across a very highly populated state.
               | 
               | I never disagreed with whether they exist or not. I just
               | don't see why this is such a sore point for people. I can
               | virtually guarantee that the existing education system in
               | CA didn't really benefit the gifted folks either. If I
               | were setting up the program for a whole state, whether it
               | will be good for a Jacobi/Euler/Gauss is totally
               | irrelevant. We're not going to make people who show up
               | once every 50-100 years be a major factor in educating
               | millions of people.
        
               | crackercrews wrote:
               | This is a straw man. My original point (root level
               | comment) was that the authors of this plan do not believe
               | there are any innate differences in math ability, full
               | stop. A reply to my comment supported my position by
               | showing that obviously there are examples of people who
               | are extreme outliers in terms of math ability. This
               | proves the point that there are differences in innate
               | math ability.
               | 
               | Your reply is that we shouldn't design a state-wide math
               | program for extreme outliers. But no one said we should!
               | We only said that we should design a math program that
               | acknowledges a diversity in innate math ability (as
               | proven by the existence of extreme outliers, and the
               | many, many less extreme outliers).
        
         | markus_zhang wrote:
         | It's actually a lot better if they reject ideas of natural
         | gifts and talents but at the same time admit that a lot of
         | those "gifts" are given post-birth by childhood education. In
         | that case we might miss a few natural gifted children but could
         | raise alertness to family education (that schools simply cannot
         | substitute).
        
         | nouveaux wrote:
         | How about the difference between boys and girls?
         | 
         | "It must be nice to think about a world in which every boy and
         | girl is an equally-capable blank slate. But we do not live in
         | that world. We live in a world where some people are tall, and
         | somewhat more likely to be successful basketball players. And
         | boys find math easy, and are somewhat more likely to succeed in
         | math.
         | 
         | When you start out with flawed assumptions, it's not surprising
         | when your prescriptions (no advanced math for anyone!) are
         | foolish and counterproductive."
         | 
         | This is what society used to believe. How was that productive
         | and wise?
        
           | naasking wrote:
           | I must have missed the part where girls were not expected to
           | do just as well as the boys if they wanted to advance, and if
           | they didn't perform as well, then we just changed the
           | criteria for what constitutes success so the gender outcomes
           | were equal. Women proved they were just as capable, arguably
           | even more capable in many subjects, so we obviously do live
           | in that world where the genders are equal in this sense.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dzdt wrote:
         | Here is the full context. Our current media environment
         | includes a lot of cherry-picking to provoke outrage. Better to
         | judge from a more complete text:
         | 
         | Learning Mathematics: for All
         | 
         | Introduction
         | 
         | Students learn best when they are actively engaged in
         | questioning, struggling, problem solving, reasoning,
         | communicating, making connections, and explaining. The research
         | is overwhelmingly clear that powerful mathematics classrooms
         | thrive when students feel a sense of agency (a willingness to
         | engage in the discipline, based in a belief in progress through
         | engagement) and an understanding that the intellectual
         | authority in mathematics rests in mathematical reasoning itself
         | (in other words, that mathematics makes sense) (Boaler, 2019 a,
         | b; Boaler, Cordero & Dieckmann, 2019; Anderson, Boaler &
         | Dieckmann, 2018; Schoenfeld, 2014). These factors support
         | students as they develop their own identities as powerful
         | mathematics learners and users. Further, active-learning
         | experiences enable students to engage in a full range of
         | mathematical activities--exploring, noticing, questioning,
         | solving, justifying, explaining, representing and analyzing--
         | making clear that mathematics represents far more than
         | calculating.
         | 
         | Research is also clear that all students are capable of
         | becoming powerful mathematics learners and users (Boaler,
         | 2019a, c). This notion runs counter to many students' ideas
         | about school mathematics. Most adults can recall times when
         | they received messages during their school or college years
         | that they were not cut out for mathematics-based fields. The
         | race-, class-, and gender-based differences in those who pursue
         | more advanced mathematics make it clear that messages students
         | receive about who belongs in mathematics are biased along
         | racial, socioeconomic status, language, and gender lines, a
         | fact that has led to considerable inequities in mathematics.
         | 
         | In 2015, Sarah-Jane Leslie, Andrei Cimpian, and colleagues
         | interviewed university professors in different subject areas to
         | gauge student perceptions of educational "gifts"--the concept
         | that people need a special ability to be successful in a
         | particular field. The results were staggering; the more
         | prevalent the idea, in any academic field, the fewer women and
         | people of color participating in that field. This outcome held
         | across all thirty subjects in the study. More mathematics
         | professors believed that students needed a gift than any other
         | professor of STEAM content. The study highlights the subtle
         | ways that students are dissuaded from continuing in mathematics
         | and underscores the important role mathematics teachers play in
         | communicating messages that mathematics success is only
         | achievable for select students. This pervasive belief more
         | often influences women and people of color to conclude they
         | will not find success in classes or studies that rely on
         | knowledge of mathematics.
         | 
         | Negative messages, either explicit ("I think you'd be happier
         | if you didn't take that hard mathematics class") or implicit
         | ("I'm just not a math person"), both imply that only some
         | people can succeed. Perceptions can also be personal ("Math
         | just doesn't seem to be your strength") or general ("This test
         | isn't showing me that these students have what it takes in
         | math." My other class aced this test."). And they can also be
         | linked to labels ("low kids," "bubble kids," "slow kids") that
         | lead to a differentiated and unjust mathematics education for
         | students. A fundamental aim of this framework is to respond
         | issues of inequity in mathematics learning; equity influences
         | all aspects of this document. Some overarching principles that
         | guide work towards equity in mathematics include the following:
         | 
         |  Access to an engaging and humanizing education--a socio-
         | cultural, human endeavor--is a universal right, central among
         | civil rights.
         | 
         |  All students deserve powerful mathematics; we reject ideas of
         | natural gifts and talents (Cimpian et al, 2015; Boaler, 2019)
         | and the "cult of the genius" (Ellenberg, 2015).
         | 
         |  The belief that "I treat everyone the same" is insufficient:
         | Active efforts in mathematics teaching are required in order to
         | counter the cultural forces that have led to and continue to
         | perpetuate current inequities (Langer-Osuna, 2011).
         | 
         |  Student engagement must be a design goal of mathematics
         | curriculum design, co-equal with content goals.
         | 
         |  Mathematics pathways must open mathematics to all students,
         | eliminating option-limiting tracking.
         | 
         |  Students' cultural backgrounds, experiences, and language are
         | resources for learning mathematics (Gonzalez, Moll, & Amanti,
         | 2006; Turner & Celedon-Pattichis, 2011; Moschkovich, 2013).
         | 
         |  All students, regardless of background, language of origin,
         | differences, or foundational knowledge are capable and
         | deserving of depth of understanding and engagement in rich
         | mathematics tasks.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/ma/cf/documents/mathfwchapter1.doc...
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | > All students deserve powerful mathematics; we reject ideas
           | of natural gifts and talents (Cimpian et al, 2015; Boaler,
           | 2019) and the "cult of the genius" (Ellenberg, 2015).
           | 
           | could be replaced with:
           | 
           | > All students deserve powerful mathematics.
           | 
           | and still make the same pedagogical point, that all students
           | should be taught with the expectation they will succeed at
           | learning mathematical concepts.
           | 
           | Putting the emphasis on believing people do not differ in
           | natural ability, is obviously false and therefor detracts
           | from the overall goal.
        
       | gorwell wrote:
       | Read Chapter 2: Teaching for Equity and Engagement
       | 
       | https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/ma/cf/documents/mathfwchapter2.doc...
       | 
       | Why are they integrating and layering the religion of social
       | justice and gender ideology onto math? I would be just as alarmed
       | if Christianity or any other religion or dogma or ideology was
       | embedded with math and how it's taught. This document is pushing
       | evangelical-level indoctrination and is certainly less about
       | teaching math than our current system. At the very least it's
       | orthogonal to learning how to add and subtract.
       | 
       | "Teach Toward Social Justice"
       | 
       | "Teachers can take a justice-oriented perspective at any grade
       | level, K-12"
       | 
       | "teachers need to work consciously to counter racialized or
       | gendered ideas"
       | 
       | "Students are able to take what they noticed and named - in this
       | case, how gender played out in the problem"
       | 
       | "Learning is not just a matter of gaining new knowledge--it is
       | also about a change in identity. As teachers introduce
       | mathematics to students, they are helping them shape their
       | identity as people"
        
         | lacrosse_tannin wrote:
         | what does this have to do with the article?
        
         | kristjansson wrote:
         | There's a critical distinction to your complaint - the linked
         | doc addresses how one teaches math, not the math one teaches.
         | It's not unreasonable to suggest that curricula authors maybe
         | choose not to make all the $PREDOMINATELY_MALE_OCCUPATION
         | characters in their word problems males etc. etc. Using the
         | 'defaults' in construction of narrative problems and lessons is
         | itself a choice, so why not take the one that tends toward
         | equity, equality, and inclusion?
         | 
         | The subsequent exercise suggesting a close reading of the
         | gender roles in said word problems ... doesn't seem to have a
         | lot to do with learning math, I'll grant.
        
           | gorwell wrote:
           | They could handle that by providing a simple solution:
           | Randomize names.
           | 
           | This isn't about avoiding stereotypes though. This is about
           | pushing a belief system and an agenda. A dangerously
           | misguided one at that. Equity is about equal outcomes. Which
           | you can only get through force because people have different
           | preferences, different abilities and make different choices.
           | Choices necessarily lead to different outcomes.
           | 
           | Equality and equality of opportunity, yes, please. Equity,
           | absolutely not.
        
         | pas wrote:
         | Because now it's the idea of the times and it's making its way
         | into various spheres of life.
         | 
         | Do we have data that it helps/worsens?
        
           | deltarholamda wrote:
           | >Do we have data that it helps/worsens
           | 
           | We've been playing games with education in the US for a while
           | now. This identity stuff is the newest, but you can go back
           | every decade or so for some 60 years and find some fad that
           | was really big at the time.
           | 
           | Now look at the test scores over time. Up? Down? Flat? Break
           | it out into race, socioeconomic class, religion, however you
           | want. Check again. Up? Down? Flat?
           | 
           | We pretty well know how to teach things like math. It's a lot
           | of drills. It's a lot of homework. It's word problems. It's
           | all the things that both teachers and students hate, because
           | it's annoying to do and annoying to check. But math is more
           | or less like learning a language. You have to immerse
           | yourself in it and do a lot of practice.
           | 
           | And, in the end, you have to accept that some people are just
           | not going to cut it. They will top out at about 8th grade
           | basic Algebra. And that's okay! Cramming some kid who can't
           | cut Calculus into a Calculus class just because you need to
           | count a certain number of different colored noses is daft and
           | unproductive. School should educate people to their maximum
           | ability, and everybody's maximum ability is different.
           | 
           | It doesn't matter if it makes you feel better to attribute
           | somebody's poor performance to some vaporous societal ill.
           | That's not helping. That's trying to shoehorn your preferred
           | reality into actual reality. The hell of it is that it
           | completely shafts those who really did earn their way into
           | the top ranks. There is always the spectre that they're there
           | because some administrator needed enough $IDENTITY to make
           | their Powerpoint presentation look good.
        
             | a9h74j wrote:
             | FWIW, a few years ago I read an article with short
             | discussions of "100 Good Ideas in Education." The article
             | was written by a well-qualified educational journalist.
             | Again, FWIW, I'd estimate that at least 10% of the
             | discussions essentially concluded with: But we can't do
             | this because it would increase disparities.
        
         | joshuamorton wrote:
         | What among these is "indoctrination"?
         | 
         | > "teachers need to work consciously to counter racialized or
         | gendered ideas"
         | 
         | Is this wrong? Is it indoctrination?
         | 
         | > "Are there word problems that challenge gender stereotypes?"
         | 
         | I don't see the issue here. Should all word problems reflect
         | 1920s America and ask about the challenges with the dust bowl
         | harvest and how many bathroom stalls you need to serve a
         | particular crowd, accounting for segregation? No that's silly.
         | We want word problems to reflect the world we live in today,
         | which means sometimes having physician Alice and nurse Bob.
         | 
         | > "Learning is not just a matter of gaining new knowledge--it
         | is also about a change in identity. As teachers introduce
         | mathematics to students, they are helping them shape their
         | identity as people"
         | 
         | There's _lots_ of discussion about how women especially, but
         | also lots of minorities, seem to leave STEM after primary
         | school. To me, this seems to be reminding educators that they
         | should make an effort to keep these classes engaging and
         | inviting for people who leave, in case the cause has
         | historically been something in how we do math education.
         | 
         | > "Students are able to take what they noticed and named - in
         | this case, how gender played out in the problem"
         | 
         | This is talking about teaching critical analysis (in the "how
         | do I analyze a text" sense, not the "race theory" sense), where
         | the teacher uses a math word problem as one of a number of
         | places to do this. There's nothing wrong with this, in fact its
         | actually really good to read critically in all contexts!
        
           | ryan93 wrote:
           | According to Joshua Morton black kids have low math test
           | scores because 2021 schools use segregated bathrooms in math
           | word problems.
        
         | cortesoft wrote:
         | > layering the religion of social justice
         | 
         | You can argue the best technique to accomplish the goal, but
         | `social justice` just means that you believe every person
         | deserves an equal opportunity to thrive. That is not a
         | religion, that is the American dream.
         | 
         | Social Justice is simply the idea that we actually need to work
         | towards providing the American Dream to everyone. That
         | shouldn't be controversial.
        
           | BitwiseFool wrote:
           | From my perspective, the term "Social Justice" is more of a
           | rhetorical tool than a cohesive ideology. Yes, I know I can
           | google "define social justice" but if you look at the results
           | there is no agreed definition. You will instead see dozens of
           | different think-thanks, universities, and NGOs 'define'
           | social justice use very flowery feel-good language that is
           | almost impossible to disagree with. And yet, the details
           | about how to achieve such positive things _are_ what people
           | would actually disagree with.
           | 
           | Your statement "That shouldn't be controversial" encapsulates
           | this perfectly.
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | The article pointed out that:
           | 
           | > ...the National Society of Black Engineers (NSBE), which
           | set in 2015 a goal to double the number of African American
           | students taking calculus by 2025.
           | 
           | Which would be a step towards improving educational
           | opportunities for everyone.
           | 
           | The new California standards are arguably going in the
           | opposite direction.
           | 
           | I find this to be a trend, that many pushes for "equity" in
           | education seeks to achieve this by reducing the success of
           | high achieving groups to match that of the low achieving
           | groups, instead of figuring out how to get the low achieving
           | groups to the level of the high achievers.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | twofornone wrote:
           | >`social justice` just means that you believe every person
           | deserves an equal opportunity to thrive. That is not a
           | religion, that is the American dream
           | 
           | No. That is the surface level definition which insidiously
           | hides the conflation between opportunity and equity that
           | underlies the politicized restructuring of our institutions.
           | Equality of outcome is only possible by hindering high
           | achievers.
           | 
           | In part it is the purely faith based belief in the tenet of
           | tabula rasa that makes this movement resemble a religion.
           | There is no quality science which suggests that all people
           | are equally capable given identical environments; in fact
           | such an assertion would completely deny the realities of
           | genetics and culture.
        
           | kardianos wrote:
           | a. That isn't "simply" what Social Justice is. Not by a long
           | shot, not in practice.
           | 
           | b. It sounds like you are arguing for Equality based on
           | merit, allowing each person a chance to thrive. I agree, that
           | would be great. But what is actually happening is different:
           | equity, where in practice most implementations stunt growth
           | and paper over achievement gaps.
           | 
           | c. I want a equal opportunity to thrive. But "social justice"
           | is also extra-judicial justice. It sounds nice, but isn't
           | waht I want.
           | 
           | See also "motte and bailey".
        
         | dwater wrote:
         | When I searched for the definition of indoctrination I get
         | this:
         | 
         | "The process of teaching a person or group to accept a set of
         | beliefs uncritically."
         | 
         | What I see in your examples does sound like teaching a set of
         | beliefs, but there is nothing that I see where it is done
         | uncritically. For example, there are stereotypes in our society
         | about what genders and races are good at STEM and which are
         | not. If a word problem reverses those stereotypes, do you think
         | that encourages or discourages the reader to think critically
         | about their own biases?
        
           | TeeMassive wrote:
           | > but there is nothing that I see where it is done
           | uncritically
           | 
           | And you yet you immediately say:
           | 
           | > there are stereotypes in our society about what genders and
           | races are good at STEM and which are not
           | 
           | Your post is a good example for why it is very difficult to
           | make any critique of the DIE "teachings" in a public /
           | classroom setting. DIE only makes sense if front of a mob.
           | 
           | If you disagree, you are against the DIE (diversity,
           | inclusion and equity) virtuous teachings. Unlike other
           | theoretical fields, to understand is to agree with DIE and
           | its apparent virtues.
           | 
           | And DIE should stay away from any serious academic setting,
           | especially young students, because it's a widely discredited
           | field: https://areomagazine.com/2018/10/02/academic-
           | grievance-studi...
        
             | loeg wrote:
             | > DIE
             | 
             | Usually spelled DEI, for the obvious reason that "dei"
             | isn't an English word meaning death.
        
               | TeeMassive wrote:
               | Dei also means God in some context, so who cares.
        
               | gorwell wrote:
               | That's also about not calling attention to its cult-like
               | characteristics. DIE is a little too on the nose for a
               | group that demands conformity and unpersons those that
               | dissent.
        
           | autokad wrote:
           | there is nothing one would see where the teacher is doing it
           | critically either. you just assumed they were because it fits
           | your worldview. "yes, I believe this so children should be
           | brainwashed at an early age to push the agenda that suits me"
           | 
           | This is childhood rape. Those teachers are in a position of
           | power and students are rewarded for believing what ever the
           | teachers say as the truth. This is wrong.
        
           | Manuel_D wrote:
           | It's hard to say whether the teaching is uncritical without
           | actually being present in the classroom. If to "counter
           | racialized or gendered ideas" is implemented by insisting
           | anything other than 50/50 representation across all
           | occupations is evidence of discrimination and that any
           | suggestion to the contrary is sexism, then yeah that's
           | definitely uncritical. I'm not sure how prevalent those kind
           | of simplistic teachings are, but they do exist.
        
           | pishpash wrote:
           | I would suggest this not be done in math class, lest you go
           | down this path [1]:
           | 
           | "Before the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution there were
           | 48 students in class one in Qunli Elementary: During the six
           | years of obliteration by revisionism on the educational
           | system, 13 students dropped out. All 13 students were from
           | the worker or poor peasant families. Compute how many
           | students from the worker or poor peasant families dropped out
           | and how many were retained due to the obliteration by
           | revisionism?"
           | 
           | [1] https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1
           | .98...
        
             | AlanYx wrote:
             | Wow -- your example is real (page 12). Thanks for that
             | fascinating article.
        
           | loeg wrote:
           | > "The process of teaching a person or group to accept a set
           | of beliefs uncritically."
           | 
           | > there is nothing that I see where it is done uncritically.
           | 
           | I mean, how is it going for those criticizing CRT-ification
           | of education? It doesn't seem like its advocates are actually
           | interested in criticism of the dogma.
        
             | asoneth wrote:
             | > how is it going for those criticizing CRT-ification of
             | education?
             | 
             | From what I can tell in our local area it seems to be going
             | about as well as they hoped.
             | 
             | First they rail against about some weird graduate-level
             | field most people have never heard of that isn't related to
             | anything taught in our elementary schools. Then they
             | interpret the eyerolls from the other parents and patient
             | administrators attempting to keep the conversation focused
             | on relevant topics as attacks on their freedom and they get
             | to play the martyr.
        
         | [deleted]
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | whymauri wrote:
         | >"Learning is not just a matter of gaining new knowledge--it is
         | also about a change in identity. As teachers introduce
         | mathematics to students, they are helping them shape their
         | identity as people"
         | 
         | I don't get it... what about this is so scary to you? Is it the
         | word 'identity'? Because as a standalone statement, I actually
         | think this is a healthy approach to education.
         | 
         | I get that "social justice" and apparently now "justice" are
         | loaded terms in our modern political discourse, but countering
         | racialized ideas and framing education as a part of our
         | identity as people/citizens... I mean, that hardly seems like
         | objectionable to me.
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | It's meaningless pablum taking away class time from actually
           | teaching mathematics to promote political ideology.
           | 
           | What does it mean that learning mathematics changes your
           | "identity"? You are still the same person you were before,
           | but now you know some math and can do and can understand some
           | things you couldn't before.
        
           | cscurmudgeon wrote:
           | Please explain how objectivity in Math is white supremacy:
           | 
           | From: https://equitablemath.org/wp-
           | content/uploads/sites/2/2020/11...
           | 
           | > As a visual indicator, we italicize the terms used to
           | identify white supremacy characteristics as defined by Jones
           | and Okun (2001). They are as follows: * Perfectionism * Sense
           | of Urgency * Defensiveness * Quantity Over Quality * Worship
           | of the Written Word * Paternalism * Either/Or Thinking *
           | Power Hoarding * Fear of Open Conflict * Individualism * Only
           | One Right Way * Progress is Bigger, More * Objectivity *
           | Right to Comfort
        
             | krastanov wrote:
             | Come on, this is such a willfully ignorant reading of this
             | text. Check the FAQs, interviews with the authors, or
             | simply the rest of this very document. Sure, it could have
             | been written better in order to not trigger and scare
             | people, but the meaning is pretty trivial if you read it
             | without being primed, especially in the context of all the
             | other words around it.
             | 
             | First, they are listing words cited in an academic study,
             | to set up the language used for the rest of the document.
             | Claiming they are saying "objectivity in math is white
             | surpremacy" is like saying "critical race theory is taught
             | in high school".
             | 
             | Second, the overall message is that "roteness" is a bad way
             | to teach. Sure, they link it to how "my way or the high
             | way" authoritarianism is linked to how the downtrodden have
             | been treated in America and make a parallel between that
             | and rote memorization style of teaching. How is that
             | unreasonable in a document talking about the experience of
             | black people in highschool?
        
               | cscurmudgeon wrote:
               | > Come on, this is such a willfully ignorant reading of
               | this text.
               | 
               | Maybe you are the willfully ignorant one here?
               | 
               | I understand roteness is bad. But please explain:
               | 
               | 1. How roteness is linked to white supremacy.
               | 
               | 2. How objectivity is linked to roteness. They are not
               | related at all. You can be objective and creative. E.g.,
               | Ramanujan.
               | 
               | 3. Asians are well known for rote learning. I am Indian.
               | I know how rote it can get and I agree it is bad. But
               | stop conflating that with objectivity.
               | 
               | 4. > Claiming they are saying "objectivity in math is
               | white surpremacy" is like saying "critical race theory is
               | taught in high school".
               | 
               | Did you read the document? That is exactly what they say
               | and imply in multiple places. Roteness is different from
               | objectivity. You are defending a straw man. Words have
               | meanings. If they mean't roteness, use that.
        
             | robotbikes wrote:
             | If you look at the source of these terms they aren't as
             | inflammatory and include a number of antidotes to how these
             | can manifest in organizations -
             | https://www.thc.texas.gov/public/upload/preserve/
             | museums/files/White_Supremacy_Culture.pdf
             | 
             | I would personally say that this is sort of a manifestation
             | of hierarchicalism which can be predominantly connected to
             | white people in the United States but really transcends the
             | racial dynamics and instead focus on accepting and
             | promoting social structures that make those who have power
             | over others feel like their power is justified and that
             | those who question it or don't accept it are wrong.
             | 
             | For instance here is how they define paternalism:
             | 
             | decision-making is clear to those with power and unclear to
             | those without it
             | 
             | * those with power think they are capable of making
             | decisions for and in the interests of those without power
             | 
             | * those with power often don't think it is important or
             | necessary to understand the viewpoint or experience of
             | those for whom they are making decisions * those without
             | power understand they do not have it and understand who
             | does
             | 
             | * those without power do not really know how decisions get
             | made and who makes what decisions, and yet they are
             | completely familiar with the impact of those decisions on
             | them
             | 
             | Here they present some antidotes:
             | 
             | make sure that everyone knows and understands who makes
             | what decisions in the organization;
             | 
             | make sure everyone knows and understands their level of
             | responsibility and authority in the organization; include
             | people who are affected by decisions in the decision-making
             | 
             | Is this directly related math, not necessarily and should
             | it be tied exclusively to white supremacy culture, I would
             | argue no but it can certainly be the case that the
             | corporate culture of our hierarchical society has a lot of
             | these problems. I just wouldn't lump it under a racial lens
             | because I feel like that misses the mark.
             | 
             | I also agree that the short list included is sort of a
             | disservice/reductionist as it doesn't explain how these are
             | problems or how they can be overcame whereas the source
             | document at least provides context and explanation.
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | > I would personally say that this is sort of a
               | manifestation of hierarchicalism which can be
               | predominantly connected to white people in the United
               | States
               | 
               | I find this an absurd and utterly indefensible statement.
               | 
               | You cannot find any examples of "hierarchicalism" outside
               | of white people in the United States? Seriously?
               | 
               | You put the weasel word "predominantly" in there, but I
               | think most human civilizations through out history have
               | featured these kinds of dynamics.
        
           | TeeMassive wrote:
           | Identity has nothing with math.
        
             | seoaeu wrote:
             | There's plenty of people who consider "bad at math" to be
             | part of their identity. I think HN of all places would
             | recognize that's a bad thing
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_function
        
             | whymauri wrote:
             | It's not that identity defines math from a correctness
             | point-of-view, it's that math can become a part of and
             | enrich your identity. Countered with the perspective that
             | math is a chore or 'useless', this instead posits that you
             | can make education a part of your identity.
             | 
             | And what is academic passion if not a combination of
             | identity, desire, and education? I think it's a nice
             | framing, one that engage students more than 'you will learn
             | math because we say you must learn math.' One that ensures
             | teachers are aware of their role in shaping the identity of
             | students.
             | 
             | If you trace back the history of math, it's not uncommon to
             | make math a passion, a part of your identity (think of the
             | Pythagoreans, for a historical example). When you become a
             | mathematician, is math not then a part of your identity?
             | That's what I interpret from:
             | 
             | >As teachers introduce mathematics to students, they are
             | helping them shape their identity as people.
             | 
             | So the idea is to have teachers be aware of the impact of
             | math and education on people's identity. It is a
             | consciousness thing.
        
               | TeeMassive wrote:
               | Everything we do is part of our "identity". That doesn't
               | really bring anything new to the conversation.
               | 
               | Math deal with concepts, forms and quantities and their
               | relationships and their abstractions, not personal
               | identity. There are more proper academic fields for this
               | (such as language and art), although it doesn't remove
               | the fact that DIE is a discredited field and should be
               | done away with anyway.
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | Why is making math a part of your "identity" preferable
               | to seeing math as a tool you can apply to accomplish your
               | goals, or something you can do for fun?
               | 
               | The vast majority of high school math students will not
               | become mathematicians.
        
               | whymauri wrote:
               | >So the idea is to have teachers be aware of the impact
               | of math and education on people's identity. It is a
               | consciousness thing.
               | 
               | It's not a question of preferability (one view is not
               | mutually exclusive of the other), and I didn't claim high
               | schoolers should all become mathematicians (where did
               | that come from?). In either case, I fail to see how
               | training instructors to be aware of their teachings'
               | effect on identity can be harmful. I'm not particularly
               | scared nor threatened by the idea of it, and the idea
               | that there's no connection between education and identity
               | doesn't make sense to me.
               | 
               | That's all I have to say.
        
           | lapetitejort wrote:
           | Culture and identity have always been present in math.
           | Starting words problems with "Bob makes $50,000 a year" or
           | "Alice needs 10 onions from the store" helps frame men as
           | workers and women as home-makers. Taken by themselves they're
           | fairly innocuous. Combined with every other social signal
           | children hear every day, they can perpetuate out of date and
           | harmful stereotypes.
        
             | danachow wrote:
             | Lord jesus what a strawman. You have any good evidence that
             | math word problems in elementary ed are systematically
             | biased in this way - and the plural of anecdote is not
             | data, so don't waste our time.
        
               | commandlinefan wrote:
               | They were working overtime _not_ to allow any of this
               | into the curriculum even when I was in elementary school
               | back in the 80 's. Usually it was worthy of an eyeroll
               | from all of us: "John and his friends Jamal, Carlos and
               | Akira are on the bus..."
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | So write a script to randomize the names in the textbook
             | and be done with it.
        
             | Out_of_Characte wrote:
             | My experience with those story driven math problems is that
             | dyslexic people fail them despite doing well on pure math.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | Yet being able to map real world problems into math
               | problems and solve them is an essential skill. In my
               | class in Europe story driven problems were read aloud.
        
             | syspec wrote:
             | So randomize the names, problem solved without getting rid
             | of word problems.
             | 
             | Word problems are pain in the butt, but they teach the
             | skill of converting an abstract problem math symbols which
             | can be solved
        
             | BitwiseFool wrote:
             | "Starting words problems with "Bob makes $50,000 a year" or
             | "Alice needs 10 onions from the store" helps frame men as
             | workers and women as home-makers."
             | 
             | This is one of those statements where part of your brain
             | goes "well, I guess there might be atom-sized kernel of
             | truth to this". But in reality, I doubt anyone is tangibly
             | affected by the congruent use of Male/Female names in word
             | problems that map to traditional Male/Female gender roles.
             | I believe this is a result of a hypersensitive social-
             | justice filter which results in an astonishingly large
             | false-positive rate.
             | 
             | Quite frankly, I just fail to see how gendered language in
             | word problems not only 1) reflects math being inherently
             | cultured and identity-based, 2) harmfully reinforces
             | malicious stereotypes (people can just as easily write
             | Alice makes $50,000 a year, Bob needs 10 onions from the
             | store), and 3) are odious enough to justify a substantial,
             | near fundamental, change in math education.
        
           | lstodd wrote:
           | The whole of your reply is scary.
           | 
           | I guess it's just I think that the pursuit of knowledge shall
           | have nothing to do with any one 'identity' or 'ideology'. It
           | is orthogonal to that, or it just doesn't work and then why
           | teach something that does not work.
        
             | tokai wrote:
             | It sounds much in line with the notion of bildung. It's a
             | key concept in teaching and pedagogical theory.
        
             | seoaeu wrote:
             | So surely you're on board with fighting any racism or
             | sexism in the classroom, right? Specifically that any
             | "racialized or gendered ideas" have no place in a math
             | class, and that "teachers need to work consciously to
             | counter" them if they do come up? In other words, exactly
             | what the the original report said to do...
        
             | hnaccount141 wrote:
             | I don't think the person you're replying to is saying that
             | the pursuit of knowledge has anything to do with any one
             | identity, they're simply saying that the pursuit of
             | knowledge inherently changes the way we conceive of
             | ourselves, which seems pretty universal.
        
             | robotbikes wrote:
             | I think your interpretation of the word identity in this
             | case is wrapped up in political discourse. Encouraging
             | students to identify as an educated people for whom
             | pursuing knowledge is both important and desirable seems
             | like a net positive goal. Understanding that there are
             | cultural and psychological hurdles that can stand in the
             | way of this when people don't see themselves as math people
             | is part of solving the problem.
             | 
             | I can also agree that it is very difficult to do and learn
             | Calculus when your understanding of Algebra is limited or
             | out of practice as someone who went back to get an
             | undergraduate degree after almost 2 decades of not doing
             | math. Is Calculus actually essential for critical thinking
             | ? No and it does serve as a stand-in for this in many STEM
             | degrees and if someone is lacking in understanding of the
             | basic principles of algebra then it is going to feel like
             | torture to solve calculus problems even if you can
             | understand the concepts.
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | It's this metastasized concept of identity that scares
               | me. The traditional response to "I'm not a math person"
               | was to reassure students that, hey, you don't have to be
               | a math person to learn and get value from math. (This is
               | where culturally responsive education was understood to
               | come in - it helps students realize that math is useful
               | for them no matter who they are and where they come
               | from.)
               | 
               | Now the conventional wisdom seems to be that you _do_
               | have to be a math person, and teachers had better work
               | hard on cultivating a "math person" identity, because
               | otherwise there's no way their students can learn math. I
               | think this is a false belief that will make education
               | quite a bit worse if acted on. I would never have learned
               | to write well if teachers told me I needed to identify as
               | a writer first!
        
         | glerk wrote:
         | Because the adults in the room are too afraid to speak up.
        
           | seoaeu wrote:
           | Ah yes, the "silent majority" that won't stop screeching
           | about any social change
        
           | mizzack wrote:
           | That's because those adults don't want an EDUOFFICIALS flag
           | on their FBI file.
        
         | octernion wrote:
         | Because social justice and gender ideology are universal,
         | important concepts that apply in mathematics and science as
         | well?
         | 
         | I fail to see how it is "clearly" indoctrination as it is
         | taught critically (as is well evidenced in the link) unless you
         | are some sort of "anti-SJW warrior" against any sort of
         | modernization of our curriculum.
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | > Because social justice and gender ideology are universal,
           | important concepts that apply in mathematics and science as
           | well?
           | 
           | Then you are doing mathematics and science wrong.
           | 
           | The whole point of those disciplines is to eliminate human
           | bias in favor of objectivity in order to accurately
           | understand the world, or to make correct conclusions or
           | predictions based on axioms, observations, and data.
           | 
           | If you introduce biases like gender ideology into those
           | subjects, you are defeating the purpose.
        
             | octernion wrote:
             | The whole point is to remove biases -- did you even read
             | any of the source material?
             | 
             | Right now there is tremendous societal pressure and varying
             | outcomes depending on _who_ you are (race/gender/other
             | socioeconomic factors) and the entire point is to remove
             | that from the equation to lead to better outcomes overall.
             | 
             | To do that, you need to be aware of those factors and
             | control for them. That is very basic science.
             | 
             | You seem to be advocating putting ones head in the sand and
             | saying that those factors don't matter and should be
             | removed.
        
       | itronitron wrote:
       | Why do educators always fail to effectively communicate with a
       | non-captive audience?
       | 
       | The author needs to re-work this so that the first paragraph
       | tells me everything that I need to know, and the rest of the
       | essay/letter/memo can elaborate on things that I should or might
       | want to know.
       | 
       | If they aren't willing to do that then they are going to continue
       | to remain out of touch to most people.
        
       | bstockton wrote:
       | I'm confused, what is the proposed framework supposed to fix, or
       | how is it better? Is the goal really to reduce achievement gaps
       | by limiting the advancement of top students? Surely, that can't
       | be the goal...that's crazy. Furthermore, that has the possibility
       | to exacerbate the problem by forcing advanced students to augment
       | their math education in the private sector, something only
       | available to wealthier families.
       | 
       | Also, the shifted emphasis on data science stuff is a joke. The
       | very courses they're talking about minimizing are the building
       | blocks of data science and there's no shortcut.
        
         | didibus wrote:
         | Not sure, from other comments I gather the goal is to de-
         | emphasize the idea that you need to be gifted to be good at
         | math, which studies apparently have shown that this idea tend
         | to discourage other students, often girls or racially
         | disadvantaged boys, which do have the ability to succeed at
         | math, to pursue math or be interested in it.
         | 
         | I don't think anything is changing for truly gifted students,
         | they should still have the ability to be fast-tracked or
         | options to take more advanced topics. It seems more that it's
         | about focusing on students who don't see themselves as gifted
         | or who aren't yet showing signs of it.
        
           | TraceWoodgrains wrote:
           | This is incorrect. Their explicit goal is to remove fast
           | tracking and options to take more advanced topics for gifted
           | students. The vision is for uniformly paced classes for all
           | same-aged students.
        
       | tzs wrote:
       | Some interesting stats from ed.gov [1].
       | 
       | Only 59% of schools offer algebra in 8th grade.
       | 
       | There's a map showing percent of schools with 8th grade algebra
       | by district. There's another map farther down shown percent of
       | 8th graders who took it by school district. (The maps can be slow
       | to load).
       | 
       | Overall 80% of students have access to algebra I in 8th grade.
       | Breaking that down by type of school it is 88% in magnet schools,
       | 81% in traditional schools, 60% in charter schools.
       | 
       | It is 86% in suburban schools, 75% in urban schools, 75% in rural
       | schools, and 76% in town schools.
       | 
       | That is access. Enrollment is another matter. 24% of 8th graders
       | actually take it. By gender that is 25% of the females and 22% of
       | the males. By race 34% of the Asians, 24% of the Whites, 23% of
       | the two-or-more race students, 14% of Pacific Islanders, 13% of
       | the Hispanics, 13% of the Natives, and 12% of the Blacks.
       | 
       | [1] https://www2.ed.gov/datastory/stem/algebra/index.html
        
       | ec109685 wrote:
       | I don't understand why there is so much effort put onto cramming
       | math into high school. I took calculus in high school and then
       | repeated it in college. There is plenty of time in college
       | (especially if some of the less useful elective requirements were
       | taken away) to catch up on your math requirements, so whether you
       | are ready for Algebra in 8th grade or not should have no barring
       | on whether you are able to pursue a STEM major in college, let
       | alone be successful in your career.
       | 
       | I think we lane people out of STEM way too early, which is what I
       | believe some of these curriculum changes are trying to redress.
        
         | ucm_edge wrote:
         | Math is one of the pure foundations for liberal arts so getting
         | it done early is better. We should be focusing on getting high
         | schools teaching it so well that colleges don't feel the need
         | to rerun it not saying you can do it later. High school grads
         | should be able to pass the AP Calc and AP Stats exams to the
         | level colleges feel they can totally ditch the 100 level
         | courses for those subjects.
         | 
         | If you don't have students repeating basic math (and chemistry)
         | in college, they can do deeper on an elective track involving a
         | STEM because because their STEM credit hours aren't spent
         | getting a rerun of Calc I.
        
         | jimbokun wrote:
         | So you were perfectly willing to pay for an extra semester of
         | college to learn something you could have learned in high
         | school for free.
        
       | thepasswordis wrote:
       | The wealthy are going to send their kids to private schools, and
       | homeschool coops.
       | 
       | People might talk a lot of woke on twitter, but nobody is going
       | to willingly handicap their own children in the name of some
       | nebulous greater good.
       | 
       | It's _exactly_ the same as liberal NIMBYs. Preach tolerance and
       | acceptance until somebody who doesn 't look, talk, and think
       | exactly like you, wants to live in your neighborhood and alter
       | your precious neighborhood aesthetic.
        
         | cm2187 wrote:
         | What is worrying though is that universities preach the same
         | wokeism and seem to apply it to their recruitment. Whatever
         | value they add or not, the top universities form a very
         | effective cartel and gatekeeper to the most prestigious and/or
         | lucrative careers. This can efficiently cancel the benefits of
         | taking your kids out of public schools.
         | 
         | I think long term, wokeism will kill those universities. A not
         | insignificant part of the population isn't impressed with
         | slogans like "decolonise maths", and the perception that they
         | are handing over diplomas in the name of social justice, rather
         | than skills, inflates away the value of those diploma. My own
         | modest contribution to their demise is to give equal
         | consideration to CVs of candidates from less prestigious
         | universities. And I have seen enough idiots graduating from top
         | universities to think that this credentials system was broken
         | even before wokeism.
        
           | freemint wrote:
           | Wokeism will kill universities? Kill institutions that have
           | been around longer than the USofA?
        
             | cm2187 wrote:
             | At the end of the day what makes a top university is its
             | reputation, its brand. Any other measurable metric (SAT
             | scores, quality of research, size of endowment fund, etc)
             | is a consequence of that. There is no better way to hurt
             | their brand than what they are doing now. And by "kill" I
             | don't mean "close", I mean kill their reputation.
             | 
             | And I think it's a good thing. I much prefer the German
             | system which, as I understand it, doesn't rely on a small
             | number of elite universities, and where you have to
             | evaluate the candidate rather than its credentials.
        
         | jkhdigital wrote:
         | The irony is that this same logic is twisted beyond recognition
         | to justify these "alternative" curricula: just because these
         | math classes don't look like yours (algebra is "white" math, I
         | guess) doesn't mean they aren't just as valuable.
        
         | felistoria wrote:
         | Teaching Pod start up is seeming like a better idea everyday.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rdtwo wrote:
         | You think private schools aren't teaching woke ideologye? You
         | are wrong. The future rules are are getting schooled in proper
         | wokeness so they can run hr department and navigate proper
         | corporate norms.
        
           | tannhauser23 wrote:
           | The difference is that private schools teach
           | math/reading/writing at high levels. Otherwise parents would
           | not put up with the political stuff that also gets packaged
           | in.
        
         | tinyhouse wrote:
         | Exactly. Every time it's the same thing. They come up with
         | stupid rules for the sake of equity, just to realize they made
         | things worse cause everyone who could afford it moved to
         | another town, or private school, etc. My town one day decided
         | to cancel so many school traditions like the halloween parade
         | for the sake of equity. Then they didn't allow in-person
         | learning during the entire year. Then they did many other
         | stupid things like that. Everyone I know who could afford it
         | moved. They just have no clue what they are doing, they are
         | just trying to look good, but in practice are doing more harm
         | than good.
        
       | nateburke wrote:
       | While very much different in terms of the number and financial
       | size of directly-applicable job prospects, American pre-
       | collegiate math and musical training share a very important thing
       | in common -- there is a step-function proficiency gain to be had
       | from trained parents living in the same house as the child.
       | 
       | Yes, primary and secondary curriculum matters, but in the same
       | way a church musician parent will politely nod approval at the
       | elementary school musical show knowing full well that real
       | musical development for children usually happens in the home with
       | parental involvement -- a mechanical engineer or e.g. actuary
       | parent living in a small or under-schooled town will also
       | politely acknowledge the child's remedial math homework
       | assignments, yet know enough to be able to seek out quality
       | instruction for the child, even if it means utilizing community
       | college or other nearby resources.
       | 
       | Given the same family and upbringing, something tells me that
       | Scott would still excel in math as a HS student in today's
       | California, were he there and that age now.
        
       | indymike wrote:
       | Father of five, and husband of teacher here. Math is a problem
       | for middle school teachers because they often don't understand
       | algebra, trigonometry, calculus or geometry well enough to teach
       | it. When you add to that common core style arithmetic where
       | parents and family can't help (because they do not understand how
       | to do common core-style math), teachers are struggling to even
       | teach math at all.
       | 
       | Additionally, many professions pay better than being a teacher,
       | and unfortunately, that includes package handling for FedEx and
       | UPS (just drove by a sign promising $24/hour starting) in some
       | areas.
        
         | dorchadas wrote:
         | > Math is a problem for middle school teachers because they
         | often don't understand algebra,
         | 
         |  _Thank you_ for saying this. I am /was a high school math
         | teacher and this was always the biggest problem when we got
         | students in. The teachers at lower levels just don't understand
         | it well enough to teach it. And, sadly, the same can even be
         | said to be true for some of my coworkers. Our calculus teacher
         | hasn't retired yet because there's nobody she trusts enough in
         | the math department to understand pre-cal/calculus well enough
         | to teach it (I'm on a leave of absence and have switched to the
         | science department, though I've been asked by her and admin to
         | teach those if I return).
         | 
         | To me, common core math makes perfect sense. It's how I do math
         | in my head. But it's also because I feel like I understand
         | math. If I'm subtracting 26 from something, I'm going to
         | subtract 30 and add back 4. It's just quicker and simpler.
         | That's what I've seen parents struggling with, and even
         | teachers struggle with it too! Because they don't get how
         | numbers work. It's really frustrating and harms the kids. I
         | wish I could overhaul how elementary school teachers are
         | trained as in my state they're not even required to do _well_
         | in math, or take any upper level math courses, before teaching
         | math.
        
           | julienb_sea wrote:
           | This is a huge problem. I have friends who are teachers and
           | have never taken anything past trig at a high school level,
           | and certainly have no understanding of calculus. I think this
           | results in a fundamental understanding gap, since the main
           | application for algebra is really cemented in higher math
           | (calculus).
        
             | dorchadas wrote:
             | I sadly don't know how to fix it without reworking the
             | entire teacher education system, sadly, but I do believe
             | it's _the_ problem affecting primary schools especially.
             | How many times are you taught to read and the  'importance'
             | of reading by a teacher who doesn't like to read
             | themselves? Or 'science' by a teacher who has no grasp of
             | what science is and just reads the slides (I distinctly
             | remember having to correct my 5th grade teacher becasue the
             | notes she used were so old it said Saturn was the only
             | planet with rings...I was that kid, but at least it was
             | after class!).
             | 
             | We need teachers who have trained in those areas, _and
             | then_ wanted to become teachers. And it needs to go all the
             | way up through middle and high schools, but I truly think
             | the focus should be on primary first. It 's why we get so
             | many kids who don't understand multiplication when they get
             | to high school, let alone division -- their teachers don't
             | either and they just give them calculators at a young age!
             | And it all boils down to _how_ teachers themselves are
             | trained.
             | 
             | Back to math at the school I taught at, there are two there
             | who understand it. Funnily enough, they both came out of
             | retirement to teach again (one has been doing it for 15
             | years, and the other just retired from her VP job a few
             | years ago), and they're related. The older one married the
             | younger one's uncle. It's funny how it stays in the family.
             | The younger one's dad was also a math/chem/physics teacher,
             | and was an amazing teacher until he just got too old. They
             | were the only teachers I know or had at that school when I
             | was there who truly knew math, and it showed in how they
             | taught and the general outcomes of their students -- A "C"
             | student in the accelerated algebra II class made an easy
             | "A" on college algebra when they got there two years later,
             | simply because it had been imparted to them that well.
        
         | rahimnathwani wrote:
         | "Additionally, many professions pay better than being a
         | teacher, and unfortunately, that includes package handling for
         | FedEx and UPS (just drove by a sign promising $24/hour
         | starting) in some areas."
         | 
         | In California, teachers' retirement benefits include defined-
         | benefit pensions, with some inflation-protection. They also
         | don't work the same hours as package handlers. Total
         | pay+benefits for teachers in SF is about 50% higher than base
         | salary.[0]
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://transparentcalifornia.com/download/salaries/school-d...
        
         | throwawayboise wrote:
         | I'm never heard of a middle school offering trigonometry or
         | calculus. The rare kid who is ready for those topics by age 13
         | can be accommodated by allowing him to attend that class at the
         | local high school.
         | 
         | A middle school algebra teacher should of course understand
         | middle school algebra. This is not an unreasonable expectation
         | for a job that requires a college education. If a teacher lacks
         | the ability to master middle-school algebra, how on earth did
         | he get into college?
        
           | ben7799 wrote:
           | It's not that the students need to be taught high school or
           | college math in Junior high.
           | 
           | It's that a teacher which did not master high school and
           | college math is not necessarily a good candidate to teach
           | high school or advanced middle school math, and it absolutely
           | occurs when the primary focus of the teacher's college career
           | was teaching and not Math or another STEM field.
           | 
           | The model in the US seems to have become that the Teaching
           | degree is the most important degree for a public school
           | teacher regardless of the subject that is going to be taught.
           | At some point that breaks down in a big way in the STEM
           | fields in the range of middle or high school. Certainly you
           | are not going to be taught Math at the College level by
           | someone who does not have a Math degree. But in public school
           | they've decided at some point that a math teacher doesn't
           | need to have a math degree.
        
             | yakkityyak wrote:
             | > But in public school they've decided at some point that a
             | math teacher doesn't need to have a math degree.
             | 
             | For anything pre-high school that would seem sort of
             | overkill. A "good" teacher in the earlier grades is more of
             | a function of how well they work with children.
        
               | ben7799 wrote:
               | This discussion is mostly about 8th grade and up though.
        
           | indymike wrote:
           | > A middle school algebra teacher should of course understand
           | middle school algebra.
           | 
           | Yes. Exactly.
           | 
           | > If a teacher lacks the ability to master middle-school
           | algebra, how on earth did he get into college?
           | 
           | Knowing a subject well enough to pass a class or pass a test
           | is not the same as knowing it well enough to teach. STEM in
           | schools is a real problem because, well, non-education jobs
           | pay 3-5x what teaching jobs do for math, CS, and robotic.
        
           | maniflames wrote:
           | Honest question from someone from the Netherlands: when are
           | kids in the states old enough for these topics?
           | 
           | Me and all of my friends were thaught the fundamentals of
           | algebra & trigonomatry (admittedly not calculus) at 13 years
           | old. I had no idea the wasn't the case in the US and it
           | honestly kind of blows my mind.
        
             | eitally wrote:
             | In some US public schools, the "advanced math" curriculum
             | puts 7th graders in algebra. In more, though, algebra isn't
             | available until 8th grade (and that is still treated as
             | accelerated). "Normal" math progression has standardized on
             | algebra as the first high school course, followed by
             | geometry, then trig, then precalculus/analysis.
             | 
             | The first level of math acceleration moves that high school
             | progression up a year and has seniors taking calc 1
             | (limits/derivates & single variable integrals. The second
             | level of acceleration has calc 1 in 11th grade and calc 2
             | (multi-variable) in 12th grade.
             | 
             | There are a handful of schools, mostly private, that move
             | faster or have more diverse math curriculum offerings, but
             | this is the most common.
             | 
             | So, when do American kids his algebra?
             | 
             | Standard curriculum: 9th grade, ~14yo
        
             | Izkata wrote:
             | Very roughly, subtract 6 from age to get grade. For
             | example, barring being held back, jumping a grade, or
             | unusual things around birthday timing, you'd usually finish
             | 12th grade at age 18.
        
             | scruple wrote:
             | I came through the American system, in the 1990s, in a
             | rural place. At grades:
             | 
             | 7: Algebra I
             | 
             | 8: Algebra II
             | 
             | 9: Geometry
             | 
             | 10: Trigonometry/Pre-Calculus
             | 
             | 11: Calculus
             | 
             | 12: Calculus-based Physics
        
               | ecshafer wrote:
               | My school was rural and that is way more advanced than
               | mine was.
               | 
               | 8: Algebra I 9: Algebra II 10: Geometry 11: Trigonometry
               | 12: Pre-calculus
               | 
               | Advanced class was -1 year. This was Upstate New York
               | 90s/00s. Though I guess to be more specific these courses
               | were actually combination. So it was 3 years of mixed
               | algebra/geometry/trigonometry. Math A, B I think New York
               | called it. Until Pre-calculus Which was actually year and
               | a half courses of mixed topics.
        
               | scruple wrote:
               | I should've added that I was on the advanced track and
               | was a year ahead of most of my peers, though we had full
               | class of > 20 students (in a graduating class of, I wanna
               | say, ~100-ish) who were in this track. IIRC, it was a
               | toss up what most students did for Math in the 11th and
               | 12th grade. I do believe that the school offered a
               | dedicated Trigonometry and Pre-Calculus course that many
               | students took in the 11th and 12th grades, and there was
               | also an Algebra-based Physics class that students could
               | take, but I want to say that they were not necessary for
               | graduation.
        
             | indymike wrote:
             | The norm for exposure to basic algebra is 5th (10-11 years
             | old) grade in most US states. Not sure what the standards
             | are exactly, but each grade after that does progressively
             | more, with 14 year olds expected to complete a full year
             | course.
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | Maybe we need a reformed "Teach for America" style program,
           | where the government gives scholarships to students getting
           | double undergrad major in Mathematics and Education, if they
           | agree to teach in inner city schools for X years after
           | graduation.
        
       | tannhauser23 wrote:
       | We all know what initiatives like California's leads to. Parents
       | from middle to upper class families will send their kids to
       | private schools or invest in extracurricular math programs. This
       | will be especially true in immigrant and tech-worker parents who
       | know the value of a strong STEM education. Only people who suffer
       | will be kids from families without the means or the desire to go
       | beyond public education - most likely the same people that these
       | initiatives purport to help.
        
         | 908B64B197 wrote:
         | > This will be especially true in immigrant and tech-worker
         | parents who know the value of a strong STEM education. Only
         | people who suffer will be kids from families without the means
         | or the desire to go beyond public education - most likely the
         | same people that these initiatives purport to help.
         | 
         | Short term schools like Lowell are switching from using test
         | score to a lottery based admission. And so are UC schools! So
         | the smart kid interested in learning but who doesn't have
         | parents in tech to send him to private tutoring better be lucky
         | at the lottery or have the correct "holistic" attributes his
         | target school will admit on!
        
         | nouveaux wrote:
         | "We all know what initiatives like California's leads to.
         | Parents from middle to upper class families will send their
         | kids to private schools or invest in extracurricular math
         | programs."
         | 
         | Are you saying it's not happening now?
        
           | julienb_sea wrote:
           | Whether or not it's happening now, doesn't preclude
           | opposition to policy choices that actively accelerate the
           | process.
           | 
           | People with money and wherewithal are always going to have
           | alternative options available to them, such as private
           | education or moving to expensive neighborhoods with strong
           | schools. The problem is when public school policy results in
           | actual degradation of education for everyone else.
        
           | twblalock wrote:
           | A lot of high-earning parents in California send their
           | children to public schools, and they are willing to pay extra
           | money to buy homes in the best school districts in order to
           | do so.
           | 
           | School district quality has a significant impact on home
           | values in California, and that wouldn't be the case if the
           | majority of high earners sent their kids to private schools.
        
         | itronitron wrote:
         | Just do Khan Academy for Math, they have very succinct and
         | clear math education videos. IXL is also very good for
         | practice.
        
         | astrange wrote:
         | What value is there in a strong STEM education? A weak one
         | might be fine too.
         | 
         | Just because tiger moms think there is one doesn't mean there
         | is. You'd have to believe students actually remember or use
         | everything they learn in class, vs it being signalling you're
         | conscientious enough to do the homework.
        
           | the_optimist wrote:
           | Here's a little paper on just this: - STEM education is
           | associated with better problem-solving capability - better
           | problem-solving capability leads to higher earnings - higher
           | earnings (to a point) lead to greater happiness
           | https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED531752.pdf
        
       | tinyhouse wrote:
       | The US unfortunately has lost its direction. Everything is so
       | political, including education. They don't try to improve equity,
       | just to look good from the outside.
        
         | felistoria wrote:
         | I'm as red blooded American as they come but I believe we are
         | on a downward slide with little to no hope for recovery.
         | Outside sources have so successfully utilized technology to
         | drive a wedge between two sides the country that I don't see
         | how it can ever be brought back together. The wedge pushes
         | further every single day it seems like.
        
           | ihsw wrote:
           | There is hope for America yet:
           | 
           | > Michael Bloomberg: Why I'm Backing Charter Schools
           | 
           | > The public school system is failing. My philanthropy will
           | give $750 million to a proven alternative.
           | 
           | Source: https://www.wsj.com/articles/michael-bloomberg-why-
           | im-backin...
        
       | nopinsight wrote:
       | From the post: "The report states that while 80% of all students
       | have access to Algebra I in middle school, only 24% enroll."
       | 
       | A solution is to enroll all students in schools that offer the
       | course by default, but let some opt out if they have a very good
       | reason to do so (ie, nudging in behavioral economics term.) A
       | potential problem is the pressure to water down the course for
       | unwilling students but many countries have already solved that by
       | having different streams/versions of the course.
       | 
       | Another objection is that it could be too hard for some students.
       | I'd say it should be possible for a majority of students to
       | understand Algebra I if they are taught properly, as in the case
       | of many countries with high PISA Math score. In these
       | countries/regions, to my knowledge, much of Algebra I is taught
       | in math courses compulsory for ALL middle school students.
       | 
       | PISA 2018 results: https://www.oecd.org/pisa/PISA-
       | results_ENGLISH.png
       | 
       | I grew up in Asia, taught math there for several years, and have
       | run a tutoring school specializing in math tutoring there for
       | over a decade. I was quite surprised when I saw how easy the
       | American math curriculum/textbook is for a given grade. (I'd say
       | 1-3 grades easier than Asian counterparts) Others in Quora have
       | expressed the same sentiment.
       | 
       | Math is a skill that requires a great deal of time to master.
       | Those who start properly sooner tend to have an advantage. US
       | schools should offer more advanced math courses to all students
       | at a younger age, rather than the reverse.
        
       | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
       | Eh, watching all this makes me only more willing to properly
       | research homeschooling ( it is not yet apparent whether we will
       | be able to afford private school.. so I am assuming we won't be
       | ).
       | 
       | Still, the pattern is hard to miss. I think my current favorite
       | is biology and its treatment of race (
       | https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/07/us/race-biology-genetics....
       | ).
       | 
       | Quote directly from the article:
       | 
       | "We basically decided, no, race is still a social construction,
       | it's not a biological thing," Ken Miller, an author of the widely
       | used Prentice Hall biology textbook, told the science magazine
       | Undark of the decision to omit mention of race.
       | 
       | I guess what I am saying is not new to anyone. Public schools
       | will continue to degrade. There is no benefit to any of the
       | groups other than the parents to ensure kids learn things (
       | administrators, their lawyers, your congressman, my congressman,
       | teachers, teacher's unions, book publishers ). Sure, they pay lip
       | service and some individual teachers care, but each of those
       | groups have goals beyond kid's education.
       | 
       | edit: I was gonna add Apple and Microsoft in that list, but I
       | removed them, because, as flawed as their reasoning is, at least
       | they pretend they want to teach kids basic coding, which is not
       | horrible.
        
         | leephillips wrote:
         | I don't understand your comment. Why is your current favorite
         | biology "and its treatment of race"?
        
           | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
           | Because, and I don't think that is questioned, race as a
           | biological concept exists and, as Prentice Hall quote
           | demonstrates, the publisher unilaterally decided on a lie of
           | omission, while attempting to teach. It is not a good look if
           | the goal is teach kids basic biology.
           | 
           | Unless, naturally, it is not the goal; or even a goal.
        
             | mabub24 wrote:
             | You're really referring to genetic ancestry, which is
             | regularly used in biology without any issue. The term
             | "race" is really not used anymore, except in a
             | social/historical/statistical (population) context for
             | humans. It's only informally used in human biology.
             | 
             | > Because, and I don't think that is questioned, race as a
             | biological concept exists
             | 
             | This is questioned constantly, and is far from the standard
             | or consensus opinion for human biology. In reality, most
             | scientists and biologists don't use the term "race" often
             | or at all precisely because of it's historical connotations
             | and social uses. Removing the term "race" from a science
             | textbook does not change anything really, beside clarify
             | that race _in the context of racial essentialism in
             | biology_ is a useless concept. Understanding how the
             | concept of race was used to abuse science, and in turn
             | abuse large swathes of the population, is more important,
             | and likely has a role in learning about the ethics and uses
             | of biology.
        
               | WindyLakeReturn wrote:
               | Race is better replaced by populations. Populations are
               | groups of people who grew up in a region back when travel
               | between regions was restricted enough that genetic
               | differences appears. As our world become more connected,
               | populations were grouped based on similar phenotype (not
               | similar genotype) into races. Races do exist in that they
               | are phenotypically similar groupings of population, but
               | they have little value in comparison to populations at
               | the biology level. Sociology level race has more
               | importance because of how society reacted once those
               | races were created (which also means it has an importance
               | in the fields dealing with the history of science). And
               | as the world becomes more globalized, the effects of
               | populations decrease. It isn't gone and has a long way to
               | go before it is gone, but as long as the world stays
               | globalized it will happen. Far into the future, assume
               | humanity achieves long distance space travel, it will
               | likely result in new populations emerging and potentially
               | even different species evolving. But that's so far away
               | that it is best left to science fiction.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | Hmm. I like the explanation and I appreciate some of the
               | concern.
               | 
               | I would personally argue its absence says more than its
               | presence given race is used in other contexts you listed.
               | You simply can't get away from it when discussing
               | demographics, so I question a little your statement that
               | the term is not used in biology or other sciences.
               | 
               | Could you share an example of a paper that follows that
               | 'no race' ( "at all" ) approach? I may very well be
               | wrong. I am pretty ancient.
               | 
               | << This is questioned constantly, and is far from the
               | standard or consensus opinion for human biology.
               | 
               | You clearly are more immersed in it than me. Could you
               | elaborate a little bit and link to two recent opposing
               | papers? Sorry for all the questions. I am genuinely
               | curious now.
        
               | mabub24 wrote:
               | To be clear, the term is used and has been used. But the
               | idea that it's a concept that everyone agrees on, or that
               | everyone agrees _must_ be used, is not at all true. The
               | debate is alive and well in philosophy and in the
               | sciences. Personally, I don 't really see any use for the
               | term in science, beyond referring to a social/informally
               | named group.
               | 
               | For a philosophical discussion see a good summary here:
               | https://ndpr.nd.edu/reviews/what-is-race-four-
               | philosophical-...
               | 
               | And for a very extensive summary of relevant scientific
               | and genetic findings, see the wikipedia page on Race as a
               | system of human categorization: https://en.wikipedia.org/
               | wiki/Race_(human_categorization)#Bi...
               | 
               | The key quote from that article is:
               | 
               | > Even though there is a broad scientific agreement that
               | essentialist and typological conceptions of race are
               | untenable,[12][13][14][15][16][17] scientists around the
               | world continue to conceptualize race in widely differing
               | ways.[18] While some researchers continue to use the
               | concept of race to make distinctions among fuzzy sets of
               | traits or observable differences in behavior, others in
               | the scientific community suggest that the idea of race is
               | inherently naive[7] or simplistic.[19] Still others argue
               | that, among humans, race has no taxonomic significance
               | because all living humans belong to the same subspecies,
               | Homo sapiens sapiens.[20][21]
               | 
               | You can clearly see a number of competing views,
               | including constructivist, essentialist, and anti-
               | essentialist, the idea that the concept of race is
               | irrelevant to the study of biology.
        
             | leephillips wrote:
             | I assure you that it is questioned. How do you define race,
             | biologically? How would you test, say, former president
             | Obama to determine his biological race?
             | 
             | EDIT: To be more precise: of course there is no question
             | that the biological concept "exists". The biological
             | concept of Lamarckian genetics exists, too. The question is
             | whether race is meaningful, useful, and whether it should
             | be taught in the textbook.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | How do you test for things if you can't see them?
               | 
               | Does God exists? Does wind? We look for effects.
               | 
               | No. I am not going to go that route, because helpfully
               | Webster dictionary defines race as:
               | 
               | "any one of the groups that humans are often divided into
               | based on physical traits regarded as common among people
               | of shared ancestry"
               | 
               | But that is not biological race definition. Fair enough.
               | From biologyonline ( https://www.biologyonline.com/ ):
               | 
               | "(1) A group or population of humans categorized on the
               | basis of various sets of heritable characteristics (such
               | as color of skin, eyes, and hair)."
               | 
               | Now, I get that it is a touchy topic in US, but what
               | heritable characteristics does Obama possess that are
               | visible to the naked eye?
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | So different people look different. Why is that an
               | important principle of biology that needs to be developed
               | in a textbook? How does it help us to understand
               | anything?
               | 
               | And I persist: if you can't measure it, and tell me what
               | someone's "race" is in a way that biologists in general
               | would agree with, the concept is too wobbly to be of any
               | scientific interest. Finding definitions merely shows
               | that the word exists. It doesn't support the idea that
               | it's a meaningful or useful categorization.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
               | Because, and I do not think I can stress that enough,
               | science is not a religion. It is not a movement or a
               | cause. And I am concerned that you are worried more about
               | the 'good' derived from uhomitting a bad word might cause
               | than about exploring and describing reality for what it
               | is.
        
               | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
               | > So different people look different. Why is that an
               | important principle of biology that needs to be developed
               | in a textbook? How does it help us to understand
               | anything?
               | 
               | Race strongly correlates with other things; for instance,
               | per https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/facts.htm "White
               | (Non-Hispanic)" men are most at risk of heart disease,
               | and "American Indian or Alaska Native" are winning by
               | several percentage points. That is _deeply_ of scientific
               | interest.
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | In order to apply these supposed correlations, we would
               | need to be able to determine the patient's race. How do
               | we do that?
               | 
               | (It seems to me that there is at least a hint of
               | tautology in your comment. How can we talk about these
               | correlations with race unless we're assuming that racial
               | categorizations are meaningful in the first place?)
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | oh_sigh wrote:
               | How do you define dog breeds, biologically? How would you
               | test, say, a Goldendoodle for its biological breed?
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | Interesting question. I have no idea.
        
         | freemint wrote:
         | Race as biological concept exists but there are no human races
         | in the biological sense. Humans are able to interbreed and were
         | not selected by their environments for long enough to develop
         | significantly different cognitive abilities. If we use the word
         | race for human being it can only mean cultural or other such
         | societal concepts meaning it is a social construction. I hope
         | that helped.
        
           | leephillips wrote:
           | It didn't really help. Why do you mention interbreeding? Are
           | you confusing race with species?
        
             | freemint wrote:
             | Because partial but not complete genetic isolation is a
             | criteria in the IMHO applicable (or rather not applicable)
             | definition of race here.
             | 
             | I am not confusing race and species.
        
             | burnished wrote:
             | No, there is just history to the word you might not know,
             | some extra meaning. Race fundamentally refers to the idea
             | that there are different kinds of people. Which is why
             | 'interbreeding' comes up, because some people used to
             | believe that a black person and a white person having a
             | child was more like crossing a horse and a donkey than say
             | a person with light hair and a person with dark hair.
             | 
             | There is some real ugly history here.
        
               | lliamander wrote:
               | That's not really a good argument for the thesis that
               | "there are no human races in the biological sense". Even
               | if there were misconceptions embedded into the definition
               | of the word "race", that doesn't mean there's no
               | underlying biological reality to the differences between
               | human populations that are identified by categories of
               | race.
        
               | leephillips wrote:
               | No kidding?
        
           | lliamander wrote:
           | Even if there wasn't enough time for selection to act on
           | cognitive abilities (citation needed), the fact of the matter
           | is that patterns of population genetics do correlate highly
           | with self-identified race.
        
             | VLM wrote:
             | > patterns of population genetics
             | 
             | Which then result in patterns of race related medical
             | diseases and similar topics. Sickle cell anemia, etc.
        
           | rendang wrote:
           | Seems like a weird false dichotomy - even in the olden days
           | of pseudoscience on race, obviously people didn't believe
           | that races couldn't interbreed, as they observed such
           | themselves.
           | 
           | The fact remains that if you run PCA and clustering on
           | genetic data as in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_geneti
           | c_clustering#/medi... you will get groups that generally
           | correspond with Caucasian/SS African/East Asian/Amerindian.
           | You can call those "races" or something else, but they are
           | not just artifacts of society/culture.
        
         | astrange wrote:
         | It's remarkable that whenever I read a blog post by either
         | Scott, there's someone in the first comment thread complaining
         | society won't acknowledge that black people have genetically
         | lower IQs.
         | 
         | This is the third time this week it's happened to me.
        
           | ambrozk wrote:
           | I cannot tell you that this has never happened to you, but I
           | can inform you that the person you are responding to did not
           | say a single word about either black people or intelligence.
        
             | naasking wrote:
             | Or "genetics" even, although it does appear in the url they
             | posted.
        
         | itronitron wrote:
         | >> whether we will be able to afford private school
         | 
         | Private school is not necessarily better than public school,
         | especially for high school. If you are in a good public school
         | district then it is unlikely that a private school will give
         | your children a better education.
        
       | teeray wrote:
       | Everybody hates it to different degrees, but grinding Algebra I &
       | II problem sets hard for a few years was a dramatic advantage in
       | college calc & physics. Some classmates were still struggling
       | with special right triangles where it was completely intuitive to
       | me at that point.
       | 
       | The applications of math that everyone clamors for in high school
       | eduction became far more apparent once I got to college.
        
       | tomohawk wrote:
       | I took an informal poll of foreign students at the US university
       | I went to. Regardless of major, they all took Algebra in 6th
       | grade. This was quite some time ago.
       | 
       | I was interested as I was ready for Algebra in 6th grade, but was
       | unable to take it until 8th grade. If you don't get into Algebra
       | before high school, there is no chance of taking a reasonable
       | calculus class before college, which puts you way behind the
       | curve if you get into an engineering program.
       | 
       | I went to a state university that had a strong engineering
       | program. The students that I knew who were having difficulty and
       | eventually dropped all had first seen calculus at the university.
       | These were smart, talented people, but they were not given the
       | chance to succeed.
        
       | jelliclesfarm wrote:
       | they are screaming Fire!!..no one is listening. The only solution
       | is to split public schools into two streams STEM and liberal arts
       | studies(I don't know what it's called).+ more vocational/trade
       | schools. We can't cater to the lowest common denominator in math.
        
         | endisneigh wrote:
         | This makes no sense - stem and liberal arts aren't mutually
         | exclusive things you can just separate. In fact math itself is
         | generally thought to be part of the "liberal arts", along with
         | logic, which could be said to be the precursor to computer
         | science.
        
           | leetcrew wrote:
           | liberal arts may include parts of stem, but stem and
           | humanities are pretty much disjoint, which is probably a
           | better way to have this discussion. I think there's an
           | argument for not forcing people who are interested/capable in
           | stem to suffer through perfunctory humanities courses (and
           | vice versa).
           | 
           | is something lost when someone learns about propositional
           | logic and set theory without learning about the vienna circle
           | and logical positivism? yes. does it matter very much
           | practically? probably not, and stem people who are interested
           | in that kind of thing can probably pick it up on their own.
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | My take on the core skills for any educated individual:
             | 
             | Be able to write well to communicate your ideas clearly and
             | persuade people to your position.
             | 
             | Be able to apply math to a variety of practical problems.
             | 
             | I think that prepares you to specialize in any field later.
        
             | NoSorryCannot wrote:
             | They're not disjoint. At an advanced level, subjects like
             | linguistics and psychology heavily cross displines with
             | mathematics, logic, and neuroscience at least.
             | 
             | Students probably shouldn't be falling hard on one side or
             | the other any earlier than they already do lest even more
             | of them believe they are completely unrelated.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | > not forcing people who are interested/capable in stem to
             | suffer through perfunctory humanities courses
             | 
             | I hated my humanities courses all through middle and high
             | school and college. I took as many advanced math/science
             | courses as my high school had. I graduated from a well-
             | regarded technical university.
             | 
             | My humanities courses have probably had more positive
             | impact on my career earnings than my tech courses. I feel
             | like I should find my old English teachers and apologize to
             | them.
        
               | panzagl wrote:
               | You hated them for the reason most STEM track students
               | do- because they're hard.
        
           | Anechoic wrote:
           | I read that as "stem & liberal arts" as one stream and
           | "vocational/trade schools" as the second stream.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | We don't need more trade schools though. Over here on
             | hacker news many of us have day jobs eliminating those
             | jobs. While we won't succeed (and trades are still a better
             | job than many artistic degrees) there are a lot of kids
             | going into them. Most trades are also taught on the job.
             | Want to be a carpenter - you can start tomorrow morning at
             | 7am in any large city. From there you can branch out if you
             | want.
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | The majority of programming jobs, DevOps jobs, etc. could
               | be learned in a trade school. Only a minority of
               | programming jobs really require a four year CS degree.
               | 
               | Also, is that true that most trades can be learned on the
               | job without prior training? I thought you needed a decent
               | amount of training to be a plumber, electrician, etc.
        
           | jaywalk wrote:
           | See "Modern usage" in:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_arts_education
           | 
           | "The modern use of the term liberal arts consists of four
           | areas: the natural sciences, social sciences, arts, and
           | humanities."
           | 
           | So no, math is not "generally thought" to be part of the
           | liberal arts.
        
             | aaaaaaaaaaab wrote:
             | How can you do natural sciences without math?
        
             | blibble wrote:
             | there is little science without mathematics
        
             | caconym_ wrote:
             | If you read the whole "Modern usage" section rather than
             | just the first line, you will see that mathematics is
             | listed prominently there (and also logic, CS, physics,
             | etc...).
        
             | etchalon wrote:
             | So you're of the belief that Physics, which is considered a
             | natural science, does not require "math"?
             | 
             | Interesting.
        
               | imoverclocked wrote:
               | I had two different Physics teachers/classes in high
               | school.
               | 
               | One was almost entirely conceptual and provided a
               | fantastic base with which to reason about the world.
               | Everything was explained completely without math and then
               | a little bit of math (usually no higher than basic
               | algebra) was used to describe what we had just developed
               | to fulfill basic requirements of the curriculum. People
               | had wonderful conversations about how things worked and
               | understanding was developed from observation and
               | intuition.
               | 
               | The other was almost completely the opposite direction
               | and calculus based. I often found errors in the
               | application of math and reasoning about the subject.
               | There was a moment where the teacher couldn't be
               | convinced that something he said was wrong because of the
               | math he was looking at. Years later, in a college Physics
               | course, a similar core concept was covered and I was
               | internally vindicated.
               | 
               | Einstein/Feynman were known to be highly conceptual and
               | the math was often worked out after a thought experiment.
               | A famous quote by Einstein, "Do not worry too much about
               | your difficulties in mathematics, I can assure you that
               | mine are still greater."
               | 
               | It all depends on how it is taught.
               | 
               | All of that being said, Mathematics is an excellent tool
               | to sharpen ones ability to reason.
        
             | MrsPeaches wrote:
             | It then goes on to say:
             | 
             | Academic areas that are associated with the term liberal
             | arts include:
             | 
             | Life sciences (biology, ecology, neuroscience)
             | 
             | Physical science (physics, astronomy, chemistry, physical
             | geography)
             | 
             | Logic, mathematics, statistics, computer science
             | 
             | Philosophy
             | 
             | History
             | 
             | Social science (anthropology, economics, human geography,
             | linguistics, political science, jurisprudence, psychology,
             | and sociology)
             | 
             | Creative arts (fine arts, music, performing arts,
             | literature)
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | anonnyj wrote:
         | Such fixes are obvious, but they're "racist", and as such won't
         | be resolved in a sane manner.
         | 
         | We've got molten lava in our mouths that we can neither spit
         | nor swallow.
        
         | felistoria wrote:
         | In my local school district there is a dedicated Arts School
         | (Art, Music, Dance, etc.) for grades 6-12 and a dedicated STEM
         | school for grades 6-12. Kids within the district have to apply
         | to get accepted to either of them otherwise they just go to the
         | traditional middle/high schools.
         | 
         | A neighboring district has a similar school geared towards
         | Healthcare.
         | 
         | These schools obviously teach all necessary subjects but have
         | more advanced classes geared towards those subjects than your
         | average school would have.
        
         | zwieback wrote:
         | Effectively most high and even middle schools are already split
         | in the sense that students can take more or less math based on
         | interest and skill. At my daughters' middle school there were
         | three tracks: low, medium and high. My kids were in medium and
         | high level and the curriculum was different for each. By the
         | time they were in 11 or 12 grade they had maxxed out math
         | (including calculus) and could have taken college math (but
         | chose not to).
         | 
         | I think the complaint from the left is that minorities don't
         | end up in the higher math offerings because they are either not
         | offered at certain schools or, for whatever reason,
         | unattractive to those students. That's the problem that needs
         | to be fixed. Whether any public school can do that is
         | questionable.
        
           | jaywalk wrote:
           | I don't think they're complaining about the programs not
           | being offered, since their "solution" is to stop offering
           | them completely.
        
             | zwieback wrote:
             | Not exactly, it sounds to me that the idea is to push out
             | Algebra I and offer the data-sciency, more "equitable"
             | option earlier. Nerdy kids would still go through the
             | Algebra-Calc-AP track but on a slightly different schedule.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | pwthornton wrote:
         | But liberal arts includes math and science. They are two of the
         | cores. Maybe you are thinking of humanities?
        
       | nitwit005 wrote:
       | I suppose this is a new trend, but there's constant pressure to
       | lower the standards here in California. We genuinely graduate
       | some students who can't multiply as-is.
       | 
       | I went to Sonoma State, which at the time had at least 3
       | semesters of remedial math you could take, plus a tutoring
       | program, trying to fill in the knowledge a high school graduate
       | was supposed to have. The state got mad about all those classes
       | because the high schools were supposed to cover the material.
        
         | dorchadas wrote:
         | Not just California. I'm from the South and it's the same.
        
       | a9h74j wrote:
       | To my reading the posted article makes only passing reference to
       | the California recommendations, and gives positive emphasis to a
       | number of focussed initiatives or programs.
        
       | Hermitian909 wrote:
       | I think many of the commenters posting that this step will
       | necessarily lower mathematical achievement are unlikely to have
       | taught math to small children (or at least to a large number of
       | them). The change has tradeoffs, but I think we'll likely end up
       | a more numerate state for the change.
       | 
       | It's important to remember that children are not tiny adults. At
       | an early enough developmental stage, a child may be physically
       | unable to learn algebra. The number of such children is much
       | higher in middle school than freshman year of high school. Note
       | that developing later doesn't mean you're not very smart nor that
       | you have aptitude. A student I had many years with this issue now
       | has his PhD in mathematics.
       | 
       | By delaying algebra, you give a large chunk of students time to
       | move forward developmentally so they can engage in the material.
       | The current system ill suits them for a few reasons. One is that
       | curriculum (somewhat necessarily) assumes high mastery of pre-
       | requisite concepts, when it turns out this isn't the case
       | students tend to not understand the material and get very
       | frustrated. That frustration and anger often causes lasting
       | damage that may never be undone.
       | 
       | My mother was a math educator during the years when Algebra first
       | moved into middle school fought heavily against it. According to
       | her the push came mainly from professors of Mathematics (with no
       | educational training) who wanted better trained students. I think
       | this has worked out for some of the top schools. If you're smart
       | _and_ a little precocious algebra in 8th grade is good, but I
       | think net we lose out on a lot of talent.
        
         | threatofrain wrote:
         | Under the Common Core as specifically implemented in
         | California, children who are ready for Algebra in middle school
         | may take it, and children who benefit from a delay may opt for
         | delay.
         | 
         | A central pillar of Equitable Math is that this disparity
         | sustains White Supremacy in math, and thus _all_ children
         | should _always_ be in the same class, up until the last year of
         | high school.1
         | 
         | This is the central point of contention, and not whether some
         | children benefit from a delay of Algebra past middle school,
         | and nor whether all children ought to learn Calculus.
         | 
         | [1]: https://equitablemath.org
        
       | stakkur wrote:
       | Public education in the US sits at a difficult nexus of political
       | will, cultural ideology, public opinion, and educational
       | 'theory'. It rarely goes well, because everyone vehemently
       | believes they know the 'purpose' of public education.
       | 
       | And so, we get posts like this: public ed as a 'pipeline to STEM
       | careers'.
       | 
       | The reductionist view of public education-as-career-training is
       | one of those contentious topics. I myself find it absurd. An ed
       | system driven by vocations and political/ideological nation-state
       | goals has been so genuinely harmful to people it's hard to know
       | where to begin.
        
       | mherdeg wrote:
       | I don't understand how you can remove algebra from middle-school
       | curricula without exacerbating inequality.
       | 
       | Supplementary math education in our area costs about
       | $1500-$2500/year (looking at Russian School of Math list prices).
       | The exemplary private schools in the area I grew up charge
       | $30k-$35k annual tuition (with financial aid available for some
       | families). And you can DIY home instruction -- I've been working
       | through the Moebius Noodles play with our 4yo, and I guess you
       | could try to see if there's a Math Circle to sign up for.
       | 
       | But not every household can afford the time or money to
       | coordinate extracurricular instruction. The kids whose parents
       | are hyper-prepared and able to spend the time and money will end
       | up with better math background, maybe a better shot at the
       | AHSME/AIME/USAMO, and I guess _maybe_ better career outcomes,
       | versus their peers. Is that a fair outcome? Is it a good thing to
       | do?
       | 
       | I'm very willing to be wrong here ... I just don't understand how
       | this plan promotes equity.
       | 
       | p.s. saw this in the news and tried introducing algebra to the
       | 4yo. We're not quite ready yet.
       | 
       | "Hey kid -- if I have four of something but I want to have six of
       | them, how many do I need to add?"
       | 
       | He holds up a fist, empty. "Four." Then he starts counting out
       | fingers. One finger: "Five!". Two fingers: "Six!". He says,
       | "Two!"
       | 
       | "That's right, kid. Sometimes we say 4+x=6, so x=2."
       | 
       | He gives a sly grin. "But _I_ know my numbers so well that I don
       | 't need to use x!"
        
         | ucm_edge wrote:
         | Related, I also have a hunch that the UC system dropping the
         | SAT is going to promote inequality. I don't want to defend
         | standardized tests as flawless, but the SAT has been around
         | forever, you can go to basically any public library and get a
         | prep book, one of the librarians can probably help explain it
         | to you, most teachers are familiar with the strategies to
         | improve score on it, resources exist on the internet, etc. So
         | there exists a multitude of paths toward showing proficiency on
         | it.
         | 
         | Now that we're not doing standardized tests and turning
         | admission into high school transcript plus additional material
         | it's really going to help the kids whose parents can organize
         | and pay for the most extra circulars.
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | > I don't want to defend standardized tests as flawless, but
           | the SAT has been around forever, you can go to basically any
           | public library and get a prep book
           | 
           | That's great unless there are a few other kids in the same
           | area that also need to the book and also think to get it from
           | the library.
        
             | WindyLakeReturn wrote:
             | Most people have smart phones and getting free resources
             | online are easy enough.
             | 
             | The larger overall point is that acquiring SAT prep
             | resources is easier to do than acquiring resources for
             | volunteering or extra curricular activities. While the
             | former may be difficult in some situations, in those same
             | situations the latter has even greater difficulty.
        
           | financetechbro wrote:
           | What about the kids who can afford to pay for top tier
           | college consultants and tutors to maximize their standardized
           | test scores? Doesn't that also exacerbate inequity?
        
             | durovo wrote:
             | I am not from the US but I did appear for the SAT. The
             | books are more than enough to get a very good score on the
             | SAT. In my opinion, SAT is not difficult enough for
             | coaching to make a very big difference.
        
           | nickff wrote:
           | > _" Related, I also have a hunch that the UC system dropping
           | the SAT is going to promote inequality."_
           | 
           | My guess is that it will reduce racial inequality, but
           | increase inequality based on parental income (class).
           | Eliminating SAT scores will result in greater affirmative
           | action, and the richest people of each race will be able to
           | sculpt a compelling resume for their child; there will be no
           | way for those with poorer parents to compete on the holistic
           | measures.
        
         | Izkata wrote:
         | I actually remember worksheets in first grade (around age 7)
         | where we had problems exactly like that, but with an empty box
         | instead of a letter and we wrote the answer in the box.
        
         | jkhdigital wrote:
         | This should be the foundation for all teacher training: spend
         | most of your time sitting with small groups of kids at various
         | ages and try to teach them concepts that are obviously beyond
         | their current knowledge. Take copious notes. Patterns will
         | emerge, and you'll develop an intuition about what sticks and
         | what doesn't.
        
           | xwdv wrote:
           | Meh, you're asking too much. For many teaching is just a
           | steady paycheck and generous time off. It's not a calling.
        
             | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
             | > For many teaching is just a steady paycheck and generous
             | time off.
             | 
             | A tiny paycheck and... I'm sorry, I have no idea how to
             | read "generous" time off; are you referring to summers when
             | they don't get paid, or something else? My impression is
             | that most teachers are working significantly over 40h/wk
             | and either don't know that they're victims of wage theft or
             | somehow don't care.
        
             | yellow_postit wrote:
             | There is no "generous" time off if talking about public
             | primary education in the US. Curriculum development and
             | continuing education most frequently happen outside the
             | "day job hours".
        
           | earleybird wrote:
           | Piaget - stages of cognitive development?
        
         | AlanYx wrote:
         | Moebius Noodles looks fantastic. Would you happen to have any
         | other resources you'd recommend for DIY home instruction for
         | early childhood learners?
        
           | julienb_sea wrote:
           | I don't have kids but I keep seeing https://www.kiwico.com/
           | recommended all over the internet and it seems like a great
           | way to get projects and learning infused into early childhood
           | play and exploration.
        
         | wott wrote:
         | > I just don't understand how this plan promotes equity.
         | 
         | Well, it can turn every one into a bad pupil :-)
         | 
         | I wish people would take a look at what happened in other
         | countries which followed a somehow similar path of dumbing down
         | courses and lowering requirements.
         | 
         | Here is what 25 years of dumbing down achieved in France:
         | 
         | https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xHQ532qyiek/XJ8kH-PnVTI/AAAAAAAAH...
         | 
         | This extremely telling graph about the level in the end of
         | primary school is taken from an official note from the Ministry
         | of Education itself:
         | https://www.education.gouv.fr/media/22373/download
         | 
         | It is about maths (calculus) but we have somewhat similar drops
         | in other matters, notably in French language.
         | 
         | You can easily see on the graph how the above average pupils
         | from now perform as bas as the below average pupils from 30
         | years ago. Only a small part of pupils perform as the average
         | pupil used to perform. You can also note that the 'excellent'
         | pupils have basically disappeared: there is no bump (and no
         | long tail) on the right of the curve any more.
         | 
         | Furthermore, every social category performs much worse:
         | http://centre-alain-savary.ens-lyon.fr/CAS/documents/documen...
         | 
         | Not a single category got something positive about it. The
         | lower social classes for which this dumbing down was intended
         | actually suffer badly from it; the upper classes didn't find
         | ways to escape it either.
         | 
         | It is estimated that when they reach the end of high school,
         | pupils' level is late by 1 or 2 years (depending on the matter)
         | compared to what it was in the last two decades of the XXth
         | century (when high school access was already expanded
         | massively, we're not talking about the 50s-60s-70s). And yet
         | the high-school pupils are basically automatically all given
         | the degree: 95% success rate compared to 75% in the 90s (and in
         | those days that was after many had repeated 1 or more years,
         | which they don't any more, they almost all pass all classes
         | automatically, even though they didn't assimilate the necessary
         | knowledge and understanding to follow next classes ).
         | 
         | Another troublesome consequence is that it propagates. Very
         | recently, universities, which for a long time tried to keep the
         | same level as before, started to dumb down their courses an
         | lower their requirements for passing years too, because the
         | first years of university had become a slaughterhouse for a
         | mass of students who were coming with a completely insufficient
         | level (the high-school graduation serves as an automatic entry
         | ticket for universities, there is no entrance exam). So the
         | same effect as in primary and secondary education is about to
         | happen, and selection is pushed to the Master level, but that
         | last barrier will probably very soon break too (we already hear
         | complaints about it).
        
         | somethoughts wrote:
         | For those interested in understanding what it looks like on the
         | flip side - from the generally underserved side of things -
         | here's an interesting article.
         | 
         | Middle-school students embrace endless summer ... of linear
         | equations
         | 
         | https://edsource.org/2017/middle-school-students-embrace-end...
         | 
         | The Effects of the Elevate Math Summer Program on Math
         | Achievement and Algebra Readiness
         | 
         | https://www.wested.org/resources/effects-of-elevate-math-sum...
         | 
         | Khan Academy in 7th Grade Math Classes: A Case Study
         | 
         | https://www.wested.org/resources/khan-academy-7th-grade-math...
        
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