[HN Gopher] Amazon EC2 M1 Mac Instances
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Amazon EC2 M1 Mac Instances
        
       Author : ManishR
       Score  : 270 points
       Date   : 2021-12-02 16:43 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (aws.amazon.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (aws.amazon.com)
        
       | eminence32 wrote:
       | I have an slightly-off-topic question: If I want to test that my
       | opensource project builds and runs on MacOS, what's the cheapest
       | way for me to do this? AWS seems like a fairly expensive way do
       | this at $15 USD per day
        
         | asadlionpk wrote:
         | probably just github actions: free!
        
         | mcphage wrote:
         | You don't need to leave the machine running (and billing)
         | 24/7/365--turning it on for a few hours a day when you're
         | building for it, or testing builds, should be enough.
        
           | jffry wrote:
           | From https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/mac/#Pricing:
           | 
           | "Amazon EC2 Mac instances are available for purchase as
           | Dedicated Hosts through On Demand and Savings Plans pricing
           | models. Billing for EC2 Mac instances is per second with a
           | 24-hour minimum allocation period to comply with the Apple
           | macOS Software License Agreement"
        
             | mcphage wrote:
             | ...well, poop. That sucks.
        
           | plorkyeran wrote:
           | There's a minimum charge of 24 hours. macOS's license only
           | permits renting the machine to a single buyer per day, so if
           | you use it for five minutes then turn it off that machine is
           | idle for the rest of the day.
        
           | banana_giraffe wrote:
           | Unlike other EC2 instances, you have to "reserve" a host, and
           | the MAC instances require a minimum of a 24 hour reservation,
           | that you pay for regardless of the instance state.
           | 
           | It can be hard to justify $15.60 every time I want to test
           | some random thing. Not to mention I seem to recall you can't
           | actually cancel a reservation till the 24 hour window is up,
           | so you need to remember to stop it the next day, or automate
           | that action somehow.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | aaronbrethorst wrote:
         | GitHub Actions
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | X-Istence wrote:
         | Github Actions has macOS available as a builder.
        
           | eminence32 wrote:
           | If you need to interactively test something, can you do that
           | with Github Actions?
        
             | JacobCarlborg wrote:
             | You can use this GitHub action [1] to get SSH access to a
             | GitHub runner. If you need access to the GUI you should be
             | able to use ngrok, perhaps with this GitHub action [2].
             | I've tried tmate both with Linux and macOS runners. I've
             | only tried ngrok with Linux runners.
             | 
             | CircleCI supports macOS runners and has native support for
             | rerunning failed builds with SSH access. So just setup a
             | job that always fails.
             | 
             | [1] https://github.com/marketplace/actions/debugging-with-
             | tmate [2] https://github.com/marketplace/actions/ngrok-
             | tunnel
        
               | eminence32 wrote:
               | Ahh, using tmate for this is very clever!
        
         | mherdeg wrote:
         | I guess you could buy a refurbished Mac Mini on apple.com for
         | $589?
        
         | zamadatix wrote:
         | Scaleway has them for EUR2.4/day.
        
           | icelusxl wrote:
           | EUR49/month at Hetzner.
           | 
           | https://www.hetzner.com/dedicated-rootserver/matrix-apple
        
             | zamadatix wrote:
             | + a EUR49 setup fee.
             | 
             | I've never really understood Hetzner's offering, I can get
             | paying EUR2.4 for a quick one off or a once a month build
             | but I don't get how EUR98 + EUR49 per additional month is
             | better than buying a Mac Mini on a payment plan.
        
               | detaro wrote:
               | If in a business context the alternative is "the CI macs,
               | that sit in some corner of some office under a desk and
               | hopefully don't get unplugged", maybe with a side of "and
               | IT hates unapproved servers and also won't put our macs
               | in their DC", I can see it making some sense.
        
               | mhitza wrote:
               | IMHO unplugged once or twice a month, or GitHub Actions
               | being unavailable it's pretty much the same thing.
        
         | Nextgrid wrote:
         | It is straightforward to run an x86 macOS VM on Linux with QEMU
         | & KVM. It's against the EULA to do so on non-Mac hardware, but
         | technically it is possible.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | savant_penguin wrote:
       | Ignoring the actual news for a moment, this Amazon polly text to
       | speech is absolutely fantastic
        
       | nicoburns wrote:
       | The 24 hour minimum pricing model for these really sucks. My
       | understanding is that this is a condition of Apple's license to
       | Amazon to run macOS on these machines, and I can't work out why
       | they'd do it.
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | My guess is that its market research shows that for a
         | profitable number of people, the 24-hour requirement isn't a
         | big deal.
         | 
         | It's not like Amazon doesn't have the ability or experience to
         | research business decisions before they're made.
        
           | detaro wrote:
           | It's an Apple requirement (it applies to all rent-a-mac type
           | services), I doubt Amazon would mind splitting it shorter
           | (like they do with everything else) if they could.
        
         | vineyardmike wrote:
         | I bet a part is that apple genuinely doesn't want to deal with
         | MacOS being a server OS so they want a little bit of "are you
         | sure?" Requirements in there.
         | 
         | A potentially bigger reason (for requiring 24hr) is to
         | incentivize people who need a max for small bursts (eg build
         | server, testing a website with safari etc) to just buy macs.
         | 
         | I imagine a reason to require bare-metal hosting because
         | everyone is lauding apple on how snappy and lively the M1 is
         | and if they're split between N number of VMs then you may have
         | a worse experience and apple is protecting that.
        
         | willis936 wrote:
         | It probably helps selling a false narrative to shareholders.
         | "Look at how many hours our hardware was rented for!" with no
         | regard for how many hours were actually spent doing work.
        
           | jermaustin1 wrote:
           | That makes no sense. Apple doesn't rent hardware.
        
         | mcraiha wrote:
         | I do not understand why Apple hates developers. There are many
         | developers that need Mac machines for CI/CD, but Apple doesn't
         | provide any reasonable solution.
        
           | smoldesu wrote:
           | How else are they supposed to force you to buy more units?
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | Apple gives themselves and GitHub special deals, which I
           | guess is what they feel to be a reasonable solution.
        
           | MBCook wrote:
           | That's what XCode Cloud (now in beta for some users) is
           | designed for.
        
           | loudtieblahblah wrote:
           | Apple hates it's users. Why should devs be any different?
        
         | detaro wrote:
         | Because they want you to buy your own macs.
        
           | jbverschoor wrote:
           | For now.. but they'll have their own cloud hosting (xcode
           | cloud is a test). The AWS contract expires soon..
        
         | neilalexander wrote:
         | They aren't just firing up a virtual machine on over-
         | provisioned hardware, they're dedicating an entire bare metal
         | machine to you. It is in their interests to make that
         | worthwhile commercially.
        
           | pwojnaro wrote:
           | It's entirely possible that the 24hr minimum is driven by the
           | operational overhead, not just the licensing terms. Since
           | this is bare metal, re-provisioning between customer sessions
           | might require some level of human interaction, and this needs
           | to be baked into the cost model of such a service.
        
           | zamadatix wrote:
           | These are Apple's terms that Amazon is following, not the
           | other way around. You are getting bare metal that you have to
           | reserve for a minimum of 24 hours because that's how Apple
           | allows it to be licensed not because that's what Amazon
           | thought would make the most sense.
        
             | rektide wrote:
             | I have such a hard time imagining what sick twisting legal
             | crap allows Apple to dictate terms like this. Another
             | example is Nvidia explicitly dis-allowing their consumer
             | GPUs to be used in data-centers. It's wild to me that
             | company's can just make up whatever terms of use they feel
             | like & we have to accept that.
             | 
             | Edit: oh hello, i'm at -4! Anyone care to defend your
             | outrage at my outrage? What makes this seem at all ok? This
             | seems so fundamentally screwy to me. Questions like how
             | Apple is allowed to ban other browsers[1] show related type
             | of confusion over the vast ecosystem control that seems to
             | be spreading, but there at least there's some cloudy App
             | Store Apple clearly retains some rights of control over.
             | 
             | First-sale rights in America is fairly narrow in what they
             | permit, but in America at least, there's very much been an
             | idea that consumers become owners of the things they buy.
             | It feels like a modern regression that there have been so
             | many asterisks added to this straightforward & obvious
             | right.
             | 
             | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29419825
        
               | qaq wrote:
               | The term I would imagine applies to software not to the
               | hardware
        
               | messe wrote:
               | > I have such a hard time imagining what sick twisting
               | legal crap allows Apple to dictate terms like this.
               | Another example is Nvidia explicitly dis-allowing their
               | consumer GPUs to be used in data-centers. It's wild to me
               | that company's can just make up whatever terms of use
               | they feel like & we have to accept that.
               | 
               | As far as I understand it, those EULA agreements aren't
               | enforceable in the EU.
               | 
               | That being said, NVIDIA don't have any obligation to sell
               | to you in bulk if they find out you're installing
               | consumer GPUs in a datacenter, so there's obviously an
               | incentive to follow them.
        
               | R0b0t1 wrote:
               | I don't think they're enforceable in the US either. Once
               | you have it you have it. This is what a sale legally is,
               | it terminates the rights of the former owner. They can
               | refuse to sell to you if they think you'll do something
               | with it, but if you get it from them by lying or from a
               | second hand sale they can't do anything.
               | 
               | For software you can also have person A buy something,
               | then give it to person B who didn't click a license
               | agreement. But this isn't really necessary -- the case
               | where Microsoft got slapped for motherboard locking
               | Windows XP and had to undo it shows that if software is
               | integral to the operation of a device rights to its use
               | are transferred along with the sale of the item, much to
               | the chagrin of CNC companies everywhere who have yet to
               | be challenged on this.
               | 
               | It's relatively common for companies to use shell
               | companies or employees to buy hardware off the record for
               | investigative purposes. Place I used to work at would
               | investigate buyers for this reason (difference being we
               | really did give our customers free reign with the
               | equipment, we just had to try to stop fraud and other
               | things).
        
               | thuccess129 wrote:
               | > Edit: oh hello, i'm at -4! Anyone care to defend your
               | outrage at my outrage?
               | 
               | The leadership sitting on a board with a mandatory
               | retirement age at 65 who is 64 will lobby all involved to
               | change that rule to keep going to 70. The terms are
               | negotiable. You would have to think in our time of
               | climate crisis that using 7 or 8 hours of a 24 hour slot
               | and wasting all that energy for 16 hours is not something
               | the law firm that negotiated the terms would be
               | embarrassed by. To make it right, a regulator could force
               | Apple to limit the rental minimum slot time according a
               | labor board's idea of a programming work day at 7 to 16
               | hours and not 24. Write a letter and email your
               | politician?
        
       | SavantIdiot wrote:
       | Naive question: are these literally closets full of Macs? Or
       | giant m1 MP servers?
        
         | MBCook wrote:
         | I don't think Apple would make anything like that so I'd assume
         | racks of Mac Minis.
        
         | sagz wrote:
         | They are mac minis:
         | https://d2908q01vomqb2.cloudfront.net/da4b9237bacccdf19c0760...
        
         | emodendroket wrote:
         | > EC2 M1 Mac instances are powered by a combination of two
         | hardware components:
         | 
         | >The Mac mini, featuring M1 SoC with 8 CPU cores, 8 GPU cores,
         | 16 GiB of memory, and a 16 core Apple Neural Engine.
         | 
         | >The AWS Nitro System, providing up to 10 Gbps of VPC network
         | bandwidth and 8 Gbps of EBS storage bandwidth through a high-
         | speed Thunderbolt connection.
        
         | barkingcat wrote:
         | there is no giant m1 mp servers yet.
         | 
         | with the Apple ecosystem, you get what they give you. There's
         | no other way.
        
         | bazhova wrote:
         | There was a YT video about a year ago when they first released
         | the EC2 mac instances, and they showed a clip of someone
         | unloading a truck full of mac minis on a forklift. It is really
         | just a bunch of mac minis in a sled. Nothing special going on
         | here.
        
         | DrBazza wrote:
         | I came here to ask the same thing. So if Apple don't make a
         | rackable M1 server, what do they themselves use? It seems a bit
         | unlikely Apple would have racks of minis as well.
        
           | barkingcat wrote:
           | Inside Apple no one knows (except for Apple employees and
           | contractors, who are bound by employment contracts and nda's)
           | 
           | Outside of Apple, it's just whatever you see them selling on
           | apple.com
        
           | mbreese wrote:
           | You can literally buy a rack count tray for Mac Minis on
           | Amazon, so I'd assume AWS mounts them in racks. It's not the
           | cleanest model, but Mac mini's are smaller than 1U (1.4" vs
           | 1.75"). They are also much cleaner to rack than the old trash
           | can Mac Pros.
           | 
           | (Non affiliate link to a randomly chosen example)
           | 
           | Mac Mini Rack Mount, UCTRONICS 19" 1U Rackmount Supports 2
           | Units of All Mac Mini M1 and The Previous Models
           | 
           | https://www.amazon.com/dp/B093GQ8TJC
        
           | meatmanek wrote:
           | According to a sysadmin I interviewed several years ago, they
           | use standard x86 server hardware from other vendors like
           | Dell. If I recall correctly (there's a good chance I'm
           | misremembering), they ran something like VMware, and ran
           | Linux and OS X in VMs.
        
             | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
             | Oh right: Apple isn't constrained by their own license
             | terms, so there's no reason _they_ couldn 't run Mac OS
             | virtual machines at any scale on any hardware they wanted.
             | Up to and including things that you would otherwise
             | probably call "perfect Hackintosh" builds, since they can
             | build _actual_ Mac OS images with the hardware checks
             | disabled, paravirtualization drivers, whatever.
        
               | my123 wrote:
               | See Xcode Cloud for example: running on qemu (w/ a linux
               | host) on Ice Lake server Xeons.
        
       | emodendroket wrote:
       | Yeah, this is huge, especially for hobbyists. The M1 is a great
       | laptop but being freed from buying one just to build for iOS is
       | still cool.
        
         | mmastrac wrote:
         | You need to dedicate the instance for a full 24 hours, so if
         | you're doing daily builds you'll probably end up paying for a
         | mac mini every month.
         | 
         | Not that I'd ever do or recommend it in a commercial setting,
         | but hobbyists should probably just fire up something like
         | https://github.com/kholia/OSX-KVM to do builds.
        
         | mciancia wrote:
         | Meh, I don't think that too many things that AWS is releasing
         | are at all relevant for hobbyist because of pricing. I
         | 
         | n this case, you need to pay at least 16 usd for running this
         | because of 24h limitation, so for example using scaleway
         | (2.4EUR for 24h) or just buying a mac mini probably is gonna be
         | cheaper overall
        
       | cehrlich wrote:
       | Genuinely curious, who is the audience for this? Large iOS dev
       | shops who want hardware to run builds on and don't mind that you
       | need to reserve them for at least 24 hours at a time?
        
         | jenny91 wrote:
         | Large shops that already run on AWS and where iOS/mac is a
         | small part so they'd rather dish out a few $100k for someone
         | else to manage and have it homogeneous through their other
         | systems.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | And it's a standard service that any of their developers can
           | access as needed without needing to either setup their own
           | Macs as a service in a lab or distributing standardized Macs
           | for testing/builds/etc.
           | 
           | For a small shop it probably makes more sense to just buy the
           | Macs, especially if they do a lot of iOS/OSX development.
        
           | vineyardmike wrote:
           | Large companies who also make their own app... like Amazon.
           | Who are known for selling their own internal tools. ;)
        
         | _alex_ wrote:
         | CI/CD for ios apps
        
         | bmj wrote:
         | My employer really wants to use this. The IT department
         | dislikes supporting Apple hardware and software. But...we have
         | a product that needs to end up in the Apple App Store. They
         | tried to convince the iOS engineers that it would be fine to
         | work in a virtualized environment (and cheaper), but we really
         | were not convinced that would be workable in the long run. I
         | was willing to give it a shot, but the effort eventually
         | fizzled out, likely over Amazon's costs.
        
         | gotstad wrote:
         | Well it's anecdotal, but yes, our company fits directly into
         | that space. You might ask why we don't want to just have the
         | hardware in-house, but since we're developing Software as
         | Medical Device products for iOS, we'd rather qualify Amazon as
         | a critical supplier than try to operate the activity ourselves
         | (with all the controls that come with doing so).
        
       | withinrafael wrote:
       | GitHub Actions uses VMs. Not sure how they, and not Amazon, were
       | able to pull this off. That subject is sensitive and reportedly
       | under NDA. https://github.com/actions/virtual-
       | environments/issues/2604#...
        
         | ecshafer wrote:
         | It's obviously under NDA. I don't even understand why someone
         | would open up this issue. How is Github complying with Mac os
         | license? The obvious answer is that Github worked something out
         | with Apple, that would then be secret. Github (Microsoft) has
         | many lawyers under their employ that would have looked at this,
         | said if their implementation breaks the license, or they came
         | up with an alternative license with Apple. It seems weird that
         | people jump up to gotcha questions between two $Trillion corps.
        
           | withinrafael wrote:
           | I opened the issue because when I spun up a macOS runner, it
           | was not requiring me to "review and agree to be bound by the
           | terms applicable to any software preinstalled on the Apple
           | Software [...]" per the terms. Was I somehow implicitly bound
           | by them? I was not comfortable with that legal risk and
           | figured I'd ask the awkward question.
        
             | unbanned wrote:
             | More likely you just wanted to gotcha at Microsoft to make
             | yourself look smart... just being nitpicky and awkward is
             | how it looks.
             | 
             | Judging by your blog, this doesn't seem far from the truth.
        
           | AyyWS wrote:
           | Makes me think of Azure VMware Solution by CloudSimple. I
           | wish I knew the details, but it was apparently unsupported by
           | VMware.
        
         | balls187 wrote:
         | > Not sure how they, and not Amazon
         | 
         | Pure speculation, but Microsoft and Apple have long standing
         | working relationship, in a way that Amazon just doesn't have.
        
           | conradev wrote:
           | Amazon and Apple do have a long and storied relationship,
           | featuring both collusion and competition:
           | 
           | 1. https://www.theverge.com/2020/7/30/21348108/apple-amazon-
           | pri...
           | 
           | 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Apple_Inc.
           | 
           | 3. https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/9/18079340/amazon-apple-
           | iph...
        
         | GhettoComputers wrote:
         | Microsoft owns a significant amount of Apple stock.
        
           | simondotau wrote:
           | Citation?
           | 
           | Remember in 1997, Microsoft invested 150 million dollars into
           | Apple to appease regulators? They sold it in 2003 for a tidy
           | 550 million dollars. Nice return on investment!
           | 
           | If they didn't sell it, it would be worth approximately 130
           | BILLION dollars today.
        
             | GhettoComputers wrote:
             | Looks like you're right, MS liquidated it a long time ago,
             | and I mixed up Gates and MS, but if we call 5% as lowest
             | amount of significance or how it was non voting stock it
             | still isn't a good point I made.
             | 
             | https://au.finance.yahoo.com/news/microsoft-founder-bill-
             | gat...
        
         | yakkomajuri wrote:
         | Hope the NDA they referred to didn't have a clause about "not
         | acknowledging the existence of the NDA" that many do. :D
        
           | mike_d wrote:
           | I believe you are thinking of a NSL (National Security
           | Letter). I've never seen an NDA that compelled secrecy
           | regarding the agreement itself.
        
             | jefftk wrote:
             | It is definitely a thing, and I may or may not have signed
             | one
        
               | mike_d wrote:
               | Sorry I should have been more explicit. I've seen all
               | sorts of dumb shit in NDAs. What I meant to say was I've
               | never seen that kind of language in an NDA drafted by a
               | decent lawyer that expected it to be enforceable.
               | 
               | Competent legal council would have the whole thing
               | invalidated because you cannot mount a legal defense to a
               | document you can't acknowledge the existence of in open
               | court. Judges only let that stuff fly when you risk human
               | life or judicial process, not in civil cases.
        
               | handrous wrote:
               | Maybe it's to guard against the possibility of revealing
               | what's covered by an NDA by answering yes or no to
               | increasingly-detailed questions about what is and isn't
               | covered by the NDA?
        
         | simondotau wrote:
         | I'm not familiar with GitHub Actions but if you can't directly
         | interact with the MacOS operating system, then wouldn't it
         | really be GitHub "using" the operating system, not you?
        
         | slimsag wrote:
         | I believe that Apple internally has plans to compete with AWS
         | and Google Cloud in the long term, but with M1 chips. There
         | have been rumors[0][1] about this, and it's a logical step.
         | 
         | Not a far leap to speculate that Microsoft/GitHub has been
         | granted early access to that program.
         | 
         | [0] https://seekingalpha.com/article/4466949-new-leak-
         | suggests-a...
         | 
         | [1] https://www.macrumors.com/2021/06/16/apple-planning-to-
         | rival...
        
           | ksec wrote:
           | I seriously, seriously doubt that.
           | 
           | Apple has needs for serving 1+ Billion of its customers. IS&T
           | has been known to be a complete pile of crap ( plenty of
           | evidence on HN alone ). A dozens of hiring seems more to me
           | like trying to fix things rather than compete. The will need
           | hundreds if not thousands as bare minimum.
           | 
           | They have been pitting Azure against AWS and GCP against
           | Azure to gain extremely favourable terms.
        
             | minhazm wrote:
             | They're already doing it somewhat with Xcode Cloud, which
             | does remote builds in Apple's infrastructure[1]. They might
             | not directly compete with AWS, Azure or GCP in products one
             | to one, but it's not unreasonable to assume they will
             | expand their cloud offerings in this space over time.
             | 
             | [1] https://developer.apple.com/xcode-cloud/
        
       | speedgoose wrote:
       | Many months later and more than 5 times more expensive than
       | Scaleway though.
       | 
       | https://www.scaleway.com/en/hello-m1/
        
         | xeromal wrote:
         | But I can do everything I need in one system with AWS.
        
           | speedgoose wrote:
           | Yes, many people find value in being locked down with a
           | single cloud provider. It can make sense, but sometimes you
           | don't need the AWS ecosystem and just need an online server.
        
           | GhettoComputers wrote:
           | If you're testing software on an M1, what is the benefit of
           | AWS?
        
             | ithkuil wrote:
             | Perhaps you have other stuff on AWS, in a VPC, that is
             | administered by an operations team which is several tickets
             | away from you and/or you have to talk with seven layers of
             | management before you convince anybody that a VPN peering
             | with a cloud provider may be cheaper than the hours you
             | just wasted with expensive meetings just used to discuss
             | the possibility of setting up a VPN peering let alone
             | actually executing it and maintaining it...
             | 
             | Yeah, many companies will gladly pay an inflated per
             | instance price as long as every else flows smoothly
        
             | Nextgrid wrote:
             | I'm assuming there are no data transfer fees. If your M1
             | workload needs significant data, that alone could make it
             | cheaper than having a cheaper external M1 and then paying
             | every time you move data out of AWS into it.
        
         | GhettoComputers wrote:
         | Looks great, can I use it as an instance to send and receive
         | iMessage? I could do it with my computer at home but if I can
         | set it as a trigger able instance every few minutes to send and
         | receive iMessage it would be pretty cool for serving iMessage
         | to Android.
        
           | tcbawo wrote:
           | If someone could offer this as a service, I would pay for it.
           | I get a lot of social pressure from family and certain friend
           | groups due to being one of the few non-iPhone users.
        
             | handrous wrote:
             | My friend group solved some people using Android phones by
             | moving entirely to WhatsApp, years ago.
        
             | GhettoComputers wrote:
             | Beeper does offer this service, but you can self host it
             | for much less.
        
             | michaeljgerace wrote:
             | Look into BlueBubbles or AirMessage.
        
         | nostrebored wrote:
         | And then as an enterprise I have to build in my IAM, auditing,
         | artifact generation, etc. into the solution. I will pay the 5x.
        
           | speedgoose wrote:
           | In your case you should probably pay the 5.7x yes (and
           | probably more when you consider bandwidth).
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | It is half the RAM (8GB vs 16GB), but EUR0.10/Hour is still
         | attractive.
        
         | samcrawford wrote:
         | Hetzner's offering is competitive too. 58 EUR/mo at
         | https://www.hetzner.com/dedicated-rootserver/matrix-apple
        
       | bogwog wrote:
       | If M1 macs were like iPhones, where a new one was released every
       | year, I could see it maybe being useful to pay for something like
       | this.
       | 
       | But since they aren't, and since an M1 mini only costs $699, it
       | doesn't make sense to me. If you use it 24/7, even the cheapest
       | provider is going to be more expensive than just buying one (or
       | 3)
       | 
       | Even if you only use it for building/compiling iOS software, it's
       | probably still cheaper to buy one because even if Apple releases
       | a new model, the model you can buy today is still going to be
       | good for building for at least half a decade. Also, if there is a
       | new model, the old model will drop in price!
       | 
       | AND even if you don't have the cash to buy a $700 computer, you
       | can still probably find a way to finance the purchase for a lower
       | monthly payment than whatever this type of service would cost.
       | 
       | Does anyone have a real world example where a service like this
       | makes sense? (Even if it were cheaper than AWS's prices)
        
         | handrous wrote:
         | Mac automation for things like CI is a pain in the ass (at
         | least for small businesses) and their virtualization story for
         | e.g. older version of the OS blows, despite having had a built-
         | in hypervisor for a really long time.
         | 
         | "Load this specific OS, install these other programs, download
         | some data, get it to this overall state, then run this script
         | and send the output somewhere else, then destroy it when you're
         | done" is actually a pretty big pain to do with macOS, without
         | paying _someone_. Not that rentable M1 Macs solve that problem,
         | exactly, but rentable, managed Macs in general can be useful
         | for this, when you 're renting from places with the automation
         | in place to do easy virtualization or re-imaging.
        
         | mattficke wrote:
         | CI is what comes to mind. If you want to run tests or build
         | artifacts on a Mac every time any developer pushes a commit,
         | you really need something remote rather than a physical device
         | on your desk.
        
         | Maakuth wrote:
         | If you need to run a CI server or something, the cost of the
         | hardware itself is not nearly the only cost you have. With
         | this, you have it hooked up in reliable power supply, very good
         | network connectivity and all the other physical concerns
         | abstracted away.
        
         | cavisne wrote:
         | They mentioned the main use case when they launched the initial
         | Mac ec2 instances.
         | 
         | Any company that does something on iOS/macos needs mac hardware
         | to run builds on, there is no other (legal) option. The status
         | quo (even at very large companies) is some mac mini's under
         | someones desk/in a closet somewhere.
         | 
         | This is basically replacing the cost of that setup (ie the
         | oncall for it/hassle). The AWS service is even more expensive
         | than things like MacStadium because you also get AWS network
         | connectivity and other features.
        
           | rsync wrote:
           | Is this really true?
           | 
           | There really isn't a cross compiling chain that would allow
           | me to build a macOS app on a freebsd system (for instance) ?
        
             | bogwog wrote:
             | I've manually done it before (on Linux). Technologically
             | it's not that hard to do, but _legally_ is where it becomes
             | a problem. IIRC the Xcode license (which applies to the iOS
             | SDKs) requires you to use them on Apple branded computers.
             | 
             | I don't know why Apple cares so much about that, especially
             | since they're already collecting their yearly $100 tax from
             | developers on top of the 30% revenue cut. I guess at their
             | size, extracting every last penny is how you get to a
             | trillion dollar valuation?
             | 
             | So unless you have a strong legal defense ready, you should
             | probably just pay Apple.
             | 
             | EDIT: I should clarify that by "it's not that hard to do",
             | I mean that it's easy because someone else already did the
             | hard part :)
             | 
             | https://github.com/tpoechtrager/cctools-port
        
             | pbalau wrote:
             | No. If you want to build things for the Apple ecosystem,
             | you need to use the Apple ecosystem.
        
       | tosh wrote:
       | > EC2 M1 Mac instances are now available in preview in US East
       | (N. Virginia) and US West (Oregon), with other AWS Regions coming
       | at launch.
       | 
       | Pricing metrics are similar to the previous generation of EC2 Mac
       | instances. You are charged per hour of reservation of the
       | dedicated host, not for the time the instance is running, and
       | there is a minimum charge of 24 hours for reserving a dedicated
       | host.
       | 
       | In the two preview Regions, the on-demand price is $0.6498 per
       | hour. You can save up to 42 percent over the on-demand price with
       | Savings Plans. Check our Dedicated Host on-demand pricing page,
       | as well as the Savings Plans page to learn the details.
        
       | Andrew_nenakhov wrote:
       | Every time I look at the AWS prices page or at its control panel,
       | I feel like I need to get a special advanced degree to understand
       | a thing.
        
         | kovek wrote:
         | I just learned that I need to pay aws 400$ for last month. I
         | was thinking it would be 50$.
        
           | hdjjhhvvhga wrote:
           | It's a very special kind of evil. They can always argue it's
           | your fault, because you haven't read something, you
           | misunderstood something. There are even stories circulating
           | of people who lost their life savings by mistake but the AWS
           | team charitably decided they will forgive them just this
           | time, how nice of them!
           | 
           | Everybody knows it's complex to their advantage, they are not
           | stupid - but they can always defend themselves using the
           | flexibility card. I don't believe a class action would ever
           | happen.
        
             | selimnairb wrote:
             | Yes, the "let's hook up your credit card to the Internet"
             | part of cloud computing still makes me nervous.
        
         | smilespray wrote:
         | You're not alone. Feels like it's on purpose.
        
         | bstar77 wrote:
         | After my experience 3 years ago, I will never use them again. I
         | priced out an instance that estimated around $30/month via
         | their calculator. Instance is indeed around $30 for the first 2
         | months, then I get a $200 bill. I don't know what the hell
         | happened, but it was over 6x what I had budgeted. I tried to
         | get someone to review my account, but I didn't get a response
         | and just had to suck it up. I paid the $200 and moved on. Never
         | again, I'll use Linode or something else instead.
         | 
         | I clearly did something wrong, but the process was so confusing
         | that I couldn't tell you what it was. It probably had to do
         | with running the server at sub-optimal times when rates were
         | higher, but I don't remember reading anything about that. It
         | was a Windows-based game server, so the extra cpu overhead
         | might have had something to do with it.
        
           | whalesalad wrote:
           | The disk you attach to an instance is not free, and
           | capacity/performance characteristics dictate price.
        
           | nix23 wrote:
           | Just try Oracle Cloud believe me...it's so much better.
        
             | danielheath wrote:
             | It's not any more straightforward to use IME, and I have
             | had an instance vanish without a trace in the past 4
             | months.
             | 
             | It is, however, far cheaper and has more transparent
             | pricing.
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | There are entire consulting businesses based on the idea of
         | helping people understand their AWS bill.
         | 
         | But I'm not sure what the tradeoff is. They have a lot of
         | services with a lot of options. The pricing is designed to meet
         | everyone's needs.
        
           | gunapologist99 wrote:
           | > The pricing is designed to meet everyone's needs.
           | 
           | That's a surprisingly charitable interpretation.
        
             | stillicidious wrote:
             | It's a valid one. Engineering teams work with AWS kinda in
             | the same way mass market 90s C code was written. They get
             | it running, but boy are there huge leaks and crashes hiding
             | in plain sight.
             | 
             | From that perspective, I think it might be ok to say that
             | most eng folk complaining about AWS billing need a safer
             | language (higher level abstraction) where they are
             | protected from causing harm or being harmed.
        
           | handrous wrote:
           | > There are entire consulting businesses based on the idea of
           | helping people understand their AWS bill.
           | 
           | More broadly, there's a whole cottage industry of businesses
           | that exist _only_ because the UI for the major cloud
           | providers is _terrible_. Stuff like security auditing or even
           | telling exactly WTF is going on (let alone over time) is so
           | painful that it 's worth paying someone else to provide a
           | better UI. Same for billing.
        
           | PowerfulWizard wrote:
           | One thing that would make a difference on small accounts is
           | the ability to do prepaid billing only. That way you define
           | your budget in advance and they enforce it. The problem with
           | the current billing is that people who are new to the system
           | have no hope of understanding what is going on and they have
           | to accept the open-ended nature of the billing system to
           | learn.
        
             | danielheath wrote:
             | AWS Lightsail is pretty close to this. It's still possible
             | to get an overage if you have a lot of traffic, but
             | otherwise it's pretty safe.
        
           | ericd wrote:
           | Their egress bandwidth pricing definitely wasn't designed to
           | meet my needs. I forget how many orders of magnitude above
           | market it was when I priced it out, but it was ugly.
        
         | andy_ppp wrote:
         | I think there is a class action law suit waiting to happen to
         | be honest, it's clearly deliberate and everyone who has set up
         | AWS personally is being charged $2-5 per month for services
         | that are still running but they cannot find.
         | 
         | As long as Jeff gets richer.
        
         | hdjjhhvvhga wrote:
         | Use a service with max cap built in such as Hetzner. [0]
         | 
         | [0] https://www.hetzner.com/dedicated-rootserver/mac-mini-m1
        
         | chx wrote:
         | https://twitter.com/br_/status/979442438254166016
         | 
         | > "selling AWS at a loss" is crisp shorthand for a lot of
         | startups' business models!
        
         | tedivm wrote:
         | I'm honestly at the point where I assume the AWS Console is
         | awful on purpose as a way to drive people towards
         | infrastructure as code. It's just so awful that it can't be on
         | purpose (I hope).
        
           | etxm wrote:
           | Wait until they see how awful IaC is.
        
       | wooptoo wrote:
       | To be honest I'm more impressed by the Polly TTS widget at the
       | top. The neural version is incredibly good.
        
       | johnthuss wrote:
       | This is great, but since x86 Macs were already available this is
       | mostly just a price reduction. But it's great to have these
       | available at Amazon.
        
         | morganvachon wrote:
         | M1/AArch64 is the future of Mac hardware, this is AWS following
         | the path. Devs targeting the macOS desktop should be focused on
         | M1 native exclusively unless long term support of X86_64 Macs
         | is part of their product's support options.
        
           | johnthuss wrote:
           | I have to assume the primary use for these VMs is to build
           | iOS applications not Mac apps. For that use case the CPU
           | architecture used to run the build doesn't really matter
           | since the end product is an arm64 iOS app regardless.
           | 
           | Sure, you can use it for testing and building Mac apps, but
           | the number of people doing that is minuscule compared to the
           | number of iOS developers (unfortunately).
        
           | jlokier wrote:
           | I'm fairly sure most Mac users are running non-M1 hardware,
           | and that will continue for a few more years.
           | 
           | Even the earliest M1 Air has been out for less time than most
           | people's laptop replacement time, and MBP users are very
           | unlikely to have an M1 MBP yet.
           | 
           | Assuming that's correct, exclusively targeting M1 implies
           | ignoring most potential customers for a few years to come.
        
       | retskrad wrote:
       | The Apple Silicon is Tim Cook's magnum opus.
        
       | dougmwne wrote:
       | It's an interesting look at AWS pricing since the cost of the M1
       | Mac Mini ($699) and it's power consumption (avg 26 watts) are
       | known. Based on hardware costs (significant) and power costs
       | (insignificant) you're looking at a hardware ROI at about 6
       | months from the $.65 per hour price. AWS has an estimated 60%
       | gross profit margin, so from there it's probably possible to
       | estimate some other interesting things about their costs,
       | utilization rate and depreciation schedule.
       | 
       | Edit: Sorry, my napkin math assumed a unstated utilization rate
       | of 40 hours per week, but that's not a great assumption due to
       | the 24 hour minimum. Still, some proportion of machines will be
       | idle, though 75% idle seems like a bad guess.
        
         | markonen wrote:
         | The Mac mini itself is not the only hardware cost for AWS here,
         | though: I wouldn't be surprised if their Thunderbolt Nitro
         | hardware cost just as much each. It has to be a very low volume
         | device (relative to other things AWS does).
        
           | Nextgrid wrote:
           | Considering Thunderbolt is just PCI-Express, I'd expect it to
           | be standard Nitro hardware (whatever that is) plus an
           | inexpensive PCIe to Thunderbolt board/adapter.
        
         | mciancia wrote:
         | W8 what
         | 
         | >>> 699/(24*0.65)
         | 
         | 44.80769230769231 days
         | 
         | Nitro card obviously costs a bit, but for ROI on mac itself is
         | closer to 6 weeks than 6 months ;)
        
           | riazrizvi wrote:
           | > 699/(24*0.65) * proportion of hours the product is unused
        
             | dougmwne wrote:
             | Yup, sorry I was assuming 40 hours of utilization a week,
             | forgot to state that.
        
               | luhn wrote:
               | Unfortunately Mac instances have a minimum billing
               | duration of 24 hours, so even if you only use it 8am-5pm,
               | you'd be billed for 8am-8am. (Not AWS's fault, it's part
               | of the Apple EULA.)
        
               | konschubert wrote:
               | What is apple's motivation?
        
               | 988747 wrote:
               | Probably they are deliberately trying to make M2 EC2
               | instances expensive to avoid all their Mac Minis being
               | bought out by AWS, they get higher profit margins selling
               | to retail customers.
        
               | lucky_cloud wrote:
               | Money. Disabling a Mac for 24 hours after 10 minutes of
               | use means you have to buy much more hardware than you'd
               | have to if a single Mac could be utilized by many people
               | for short periods of time. Some users would use a single
               | Mac for days/weeks/months but others will want to boot,
               | run a build, and be done. The actual work might take 5
               | minutes or 3 hours but you pay for a day no matter what.
               | 
               | Days where you're doing the same short-lived task many
               | times won't be as expensive per build, but if you just
               | want to do a nightly build, you're paying for months or
               | years and utilizing a fraction of the compute time you're
               | buying.
        
               | garaetjjte wrote:
               | Hypothetically, if AWS instead installed Linux on these,
               | could they disregard Apple's EULA?
        
               | luhn wrote:
               | I would think so, but IANAL.
               | 
               | But what would be the point of running Linux on a Mac
               | Mini on AWS?
        
             | stingraycharles wrote:
             | To be fair, since the minimum rent time of these instances
             | in the cloud is 24h, chances are even a cloud-provided
             | instance is unused for quite some time.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | JCM9 wrote:
         | This is really not looking at the math in the right way for
         | those that are the target market. If you just want an M1
         | instance just because sure just go buy one and keep in plugged
         | in all the time in your basement. That's not the target market.
         | 
         | Imagine you're developing an app in regulated market and need
         | to have Macs for CI/CD There's a lot more to this than just
         | keeping some Mac mini's under your desk. How are you managing
         | physical security in your environment? Do you have all the
         | associated certifications in place? Can we see your last audit?
         | Who's fixing this when something breaks? What about your in
         | house IT folks that done want to build out a whole new
         | operation to manage Macs now? What if next week you need 5x as
         | many instances but only for 2 days? That's what your paying for
         | in the price here, not just the cost of the instance itself and
         | power.
         | 
         | When faced with all those requirements and challenges the
         | pricing looks inexpensive.
        
           | nojito wrote:
           | Apple already offers this for Devs.
           | 
           | https://developer.apple.com/xcode-cloud/
        
             | mattferderer wrote:
             | So does MS with Azure Devops & GitHub:
             | https://docs.microsoft.com/en-
             | us/azure/devops/pipelines/ecos...
             | https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/pipelines-
             | xcode/blob/master...
             | 
             | It's great that there are finally multiple ways to do this
             | without needing to buy a bunch of Macs just for compiling.
        
             | oblio wrote:
             | If you're already using AWS it's a no-brainer to avoid a
             | second vendor if you don't have to use them for other
             | reasons.
        
         | davej wrote:
         | Another datapoint is that Scaleway charges EUR.10 per hour
         | ($.113) for their M1 instances, this is roughly one-sixth of
         | what AWS is charging.
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | The Scaleway offering has 8GB versus the AWS 16GB. Not that
           | it changes the math that much, but it's worth noting.
        
         | riknos314 wrote:
         | Maybe, there's still a lot of unknowns. The cost and power
         | consumption of the nitro hardware to translate from the mac
         | mini to everything else being the main one.
         | 
         | They're also likely pricing in some form of opportunity cost
         | since the density of physical macs per unit rack space is
         | almost certainly lower than the density of typical server
         | hardware.
        
           | droopyEyelids wrote:
           | The space question is interesting.
           | 
           | The most common Mac mini rack mount enclosure holds 2 minis
           | in 1ru. I think at amazon's scale they could probably get 4
           | minis in 1ru with some custom cooling.
           | 
           | how dense do you think instances are on average in the amazon
           | datacenters?
        
             | sieabahlpark wrote:
             | Why would you not put them on their side and stack them
             | like hard drives? You'd get way more density that way then
             | trying to figure out how to make it fit in 1u for no
             | reason. You could even stack multiple rows deep to get more
             | density.
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | 19 mod 1.4 = 0.8, 0.8 x 7.7 = 6.16 in^2
               | 
               | 19 mod 7.7 = 3.6, 3.6 x 1.4 = 5.04 in^2
               | 
               | Presumably the greater waste of bottom side down is in
               | higher number of shelves?
        
             | tyingq wrote:
             | >The most common Mac mini rack mount enclosure holds 2
             | minis in 1ru
             | 
             | That sounds wasteful to me. Is that really the most common
             | way for mac hosting companies to do it?
        
               | technobabbler wrote:
               | Do they have an alternative?
        
               | pantalaimon wrote:
               | They could simply ditch the case, the board alone is
               | pretty small.
        
               | tyingq wrote:
               | I imagine you could get 4 in 1U if you used all the
               | depth, and perhaps more dense by putting them onto their
               | side in 4U (maybe 5U..not sure how tall a M1 Mini is). I
               | don't know to what degree cooling is an issue, where you
               | don't want the exhaust of one feeding the inlet of
               | another.
        
               | runako wrote:
               | https://www.macstadium.com/datacenters
               | 
               | There's an image there that appears to have the units
               | mounted sideways for perhaps 6 minis in 2 RU?
        
               | chx wrote:
               | At Amazon scale, I imagine they strip the original
               | chassis and use only the motherboard with custom power
               | and cooling for some insane density. As visible here
               | https://youtu.be/R4ArjHz4gd4?t=192 you could save some
               | significant space doing so.
        
               | jpraczyk wrote:
               | Sorry to disappoint you https://www.servethehome.com/wp-
               | content/uploads/2020/12/AWS-...
        
               | tyingq wrote:
               | Seems like it would have to be 5U if sideways...the M1
               | minis are 7.7 inches / 19.7cm tall.
        
         | Megatio wrote:
         | Its probably much more custom than other hardware.
         | 
         | I have never seen any business/professional mac hardware
         | deployment which doesn't look custom build with some magic
         | around it.
         | 
         | That alone might be much more expensive and needs a dedicated
         | team.
        
         | ineedasername wrote:
         | That is a premium price if you're using it 40hr/week. Although,
         | asumming they're available for custom AMI, maybe the value-add
         | use case for this is to be able to have multiple custom AMIs
         | for different dev environments and scenarios to rapidly spin up
         | what you need.
         | 
         | Specifically for testing with multiple versions of MacOS: you
         | could develop the code and then test on a custom AMI to make
         | sure it ran in the version of MacOS, no need to have multiple
         | systems setup. (Although I don't know much about Mac dev-- does
         | Apple provide tools to do such testing already without running
         | multiple OS versions?)
         | 
         | Otherwise, I guess it's all just about convenience.
        
         | monocasa wrote:
         | There's a rumor going around that they're heavily discounting
         | arm64 instances in order to put negotiating pressure on the x86
         | manufacturers. 'Nice arch you have there, would be a shame if
         | people stopped caring.'
         | 
         | I would be careful about estimating beyond how they view arm64
         | given that these are the highest perf/core arm64 devices they
         | can put their hands on.
        
           | hoffspot wrote:
           | I think they are providing those discounts to promote their
           | own silicon, the Graviton3 chip. You definitely get an
           | execution discount in Lambda for selecting arm versus x86 on
           | that basis.
        
             | monocasa wrote:
             | The rumor is that their own silicon isn't really that much
             | better on perf/watt, but they're discounting it as a multi
             | pronged effort to put pressure on the x86 vendors. If it
             | turns out it's a lot of pressure and it kills x86, then
             | they've commodified their complement. If it's just a
             | threat, then they have a better seat at the negotiating
             | table.
        
           | Rafuino wrote:
           | I wouldn't be surprised if they're pricing them below cost
           | like they have done with Alexa products.
        
         | danielmarkbruce wrote:
         | I'd guess they pay much more than this due to some
         | licensing/t&c issue. I haven't read them but I speculate that
         | they same something to the effect of you can't make it
         | accessible to the public as a shared, paid for resource etc and
         | that amazon has a separate agreement and they pay more.
        
           | AyyWS wrote:
           | Thinking back to the VMware service provider licensing I saw,
           | Apple probably charges a subscription model that would make
           | your eyes bleed. I was shocked anyone could afford to sell a
           | public cloud offering that used VMware technology after
           | seeing their pricing.
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | _" EC2 M1 Mac instances are powered by...The Mac mini,
         | featuring M1 SoC with 8 CPU cores, 8 GPU cores, 16 GiB of
         | memory"_
         | 
         | So not $699, but $899, since it's 16GB of memory.
        
           | mciancia wrote:
           | For retail, true. I would be surprised if amazon actually
           | pays that much
        
             | ksec wrote:
             | Normal whole sale price, at best would be something like
             | $799.
        
               | GhettoComputers wrote:
               | Based on what?
        
               | sgjohnson wrote:
               | Based on Apple not giving a shit what volume you're
               | buying, the price is the price.
               | 
               | Maybe the rules are a bit different for Amazon, but I
               | wouldn't bet on it.
        
               | GhettoComputers wrote:
               | Based on what?
               | 
               | https://www.apple.com/us-hed/store
               | 
               | https://images.apple.com/business-
               | docs/VPP_Business_Guide.pd...
               | 
               | https://www.apple.com/retail/business/
               | 
               | > Our Small Business Experts are ready to help. They'll
               | advise you on the devices to fit your budget, including
               | special pricing,* and find you the best financing option.
               | All backed by ongoing support to give you much-needed
               | peace of mind.
               | 
               | > * Special pricing available to qualified customers. To
               | learn more about how to start qualifying toward special
               | pricing, talk to a Business Team member in a store or
               | give us a call at 1-800-854-3680.
        
               | sgjohnson wrote:
               | The point was that it's a marginal discount. I never said
               | that there's no discount.
        
               | GhettoComputers wrote:
               | > Based on Apple not giving a shit what volume you're
               | buying, the price is the price.
               | 
               | That isn't what you said.
        
       | rektide wrote:
       | So cool to imagine there's just a regular old Nitro accelerator,
       | but it happens to be plugged in over thunderbolt in this case.
        
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