[HN Gopher] Testing Phone-Sized Faraday Bags
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Testing Phone-Sized Faraday Bags
        
       Author : jor-el
       Score  : 319 points
       Date   : 2021-12-02 08:28 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.mattblaze.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.mattblaze.org)
        
       | bflesch wrote:
       | Perfect timing, I was just looking up this topic in the last
       | week.
       | 
       | But how come these are all US-exclusive. It seems both winners
       | don't ship to EU :/
        
       | intrasight wrote:
       | I built something in college that needed UL testing for RF
       | emissions, and visited a facility in Long Island with a TEMPEST
       | room about the size of my house. Was very memorable.
       | 
       | I also read an article this year by a guy that made his house
       | radio-wave proof, because, he claimed, he was very sensitive to
       | radio waves. It was WAY more involved than I would have guessed -
       | for the same reasons discussed in this article and in this HN
       | discussion. Nails and screws are a problem. Windows are a big
       | problem. But still - how cool to be cut off from the onslaught of
       | EM radiation.
        
       | jimmySixDOF wrote:
       | My understanding is that a Faraday Cage, of any size, relies on a
       | proper grounding system to work at all so these boxes and rfid
       | blocking pockets etc all seem to be tinfoil hats parading as
       | space age metamaterials.
        
         | formerly_proven wrote:
         | > relies on a proper grounding system to work at all
         | 
         | does not
        
         | h2odragon wrote:
         | Good RF ground is a _bitch_.
        
         | dtgriscom wrote:
         | Nope: RF shielding has nothing to do with having a ground
         | reference.
        
         | snowwrestler wrote:
         | A faraday cage converts the energy in the radio waves it
         | absorbs into heat.
         | 
         | Eventually it will radiate the same amount of energy as the
         | transmitter inside it, but in infrared wavelengths and without
         | whatever modulation was carrying the signal.
        
         | authed wrote:
         | Apparently not: "Small Faraday cages with no conductors
         | penetrating the shield do NOT need to be grounded."
        
       | docflabby wrote:
       | Tinfoil hat on - has anyone considered how suspicious that only
       | the commercial products worked, maybe the post is just a very
       | clever shill for those products?
        
         | tablespoon wrote:
         | > Tinfoil hat on - has anyone considered how suspicious that
         | only the commercial products worked, maybe the post is just a
         | very clever shill for those products?
         | 
         | Not really, tinfoil actually worked, but it was apparently too
         | difficult to get right:
         | 
         | > In my experiments, I found I could sometimes achieve
         | approximately 90 dB attenuation by carefully wrapping the
         | generator in foil and double folding the seams on all sides,
         | which is quite good (comparable to commercial pouches).
         | 
         | This actually matches my experience with a GPS logger. It only
         | had an on/off switch and I wanted to download the track from my
         | trip without getting points from the download location at the
         | end. IIRC, it was still able to get fixes even wrapped in tin
         | foil.
        
       | tomxor wrote:
       | > "Wrap it in tin foil" is perhaps the most common advice [...]
       | Unfortunately the results were extremely inconsistent [...] 90 dB
       | attenuation in one test would produce only 50 dB the next time
       | [...] You would have no way to tell whether you've managed to
       | fold and seal it adequately well
       | 
       | On the other hand, aluminium foil is incredibly commonly
       | available, if not in a kitchen draw, it will be at the nearest
       | shop. Although unreliable, the _potentially_ high attenuation the
       | author shared is pretty good (we don't know his worst reading),
       | better than all other improvised solutions tested, and similar to
       | commercial products. I wonder if a more reliable construction
       | method could be found.
       | 
       | I'm not sure what movie scene scenario I'm envisioning, but in
       | the case you needed a Faraday cage and don't constantly carry one
       | around, perhaps simply taking an entire kitchen roll of foil and
       | wrapping the device into a giant unsightly ball of it would be a
       | reliable enough process for an "emergency" (if not pocket sized).
       | i.e rather than trying to make a neatly folded minimal version,
       | just resort to sheer number of layers of material - unless RF
       | doesn't care and even 1000 layers with tiny gaps is no good?
       | 
       | [edit] Similarly, I wonder how well (or poorly) common household
       | appliances work as a Faraday cage, e.g a fridge, microwave-oven -
       | From what the author described, it seems they would all have too
       | many gaps, however they are also constructed from higher gauge
       | metals... i'm particularly interested in a microwave-oven which
       | is specifically designed to reflect and retain microwave
       | frequency fields.
        
         | tomkat0789 wrote:
         | I'm not an expert on Faraday cages, would the effects stack if
         | you wrapped your phone in aluminum foil, then put it in a
         | cookie tin?
        
         | willis936 wrote:
         | Microwave-ovens definitely don't leak below 2.4 GHz. Any
         | frequency above that is a non-issue for microwave-oven operator
         | safety. It also wouldn't be an issue for any communication
         | device transmitting below 2.4 GHz. If you want to shut down 5
         | GHz communication then a microwave-oven would be leaky. 60 GHz:
         | it shouldn't matter since it needs LoS anyway.
         | 
         | Also, remember to ground your faraday cages.
        
           | posix_me_less wrote:
           | > ground your faraday cages.
           | 
           | Why?
        
             | willis936 wrote:
             | Better performance. Faraday cages can act as reradiators at
             | frequencies dependent on cage geometry.
        
             | hobs wrote:
             | I assume for the same reason you ground your home, building
             | up charges is a great way for Bad Things to happen.
        
               | posix_me_less wrote:
               | Why would a phone pouch/box build up great charge? You
               | don't ground your home because of charge buildup either -
               | grounding is there to decrease the chance a thunderbolt
               | will run through precious things, like house walls,
               | people, electric wiring etc.
        
               | oasisbob wrote:
               | Grounding and bonding is done for many safety reasons.
               | Reducing stray voltage is certainly one of them:
               | 
               | https://www.mikeholt.com/technical-stray-voltage-
               | newsletter-...
        
               | hobs wrote:
               | You absolutely want to ground your home due to charge
               | buildup, I have seen the exploded appliances, no
               | lightning required.
        
           | formerly_proven wrote:
           | The width of the area around microwave doors looks
           | suspiciously close to lambda/4 for 2.4 GHz (~3 cm) on pretty
           | much every microwave I've ever seen - I'd almost be surprised
           | if that construction _isn 't_ tuned to reflect 2.4 GHz, which
           | would make it a very leaky container at say 0.9/1.8 GHz.
        
             | willis936 wrote:
             | I think you should double-check the harmonics that would
             | get passed relative to a quarter-wave mesh.
        
         | jjoonathan wrote:
         | Microwave ovens make for poor Faraday cages. The problem is
         | that you only need 30-60dB to "keep the power in" while you
         | probably want at least 100dB to "keep the signals out."
         | 
         | You can test this: put your phone in the microwave and try to
         | call it. Over the years I have had about a 75% success rate.
         | 
         | Other household appliances tend to be even worse; any gaps in
         | metallic seals effectively turn into slot antennas and let
         | signals through. You need a conductive mesh gasket to stop
         | this, and I generally don't see mesh gaskets on consumer
         | appliances.
         | 
         | Your "make an al-foil ball" strategy is what I would resort to
         | in a pinch (I have some nice Anritsu shield boxes, but those
         | are cheating). Quantity is a quality of its own. My only
         | addition would be making sure that the gaps tend to not line
         | up. You want to make it difficult for the "slot antennas"
         | modeling the gaps in each layer to couple to each other.
        
           | rocqua wrote:
           | For the sake of keeping people from doing stupid things.
           | 
           | DO NOT MICROWAVE YOUR PHONE.
           | 
           | The test involves placing your phone in the microwave and
           | closing the door without turning the microwave on. I'd unplug
           | the microwave before trying this.
        
             | teddyh wrote:
             | "This is a man who has experienced The Public"
             | 
             | -- https://www.reddit.com/r/tumblr/comments/jy8wzj/rinse_yo
             | ur_e...
        
       | IncRnd wrote:
       | This article was a fun read, and it really highlights how we
       | trust the words on the tin to be accurate and not mistaken
       | marketing gibberish.
       | 
       | However, the part about the cost ranging from $40 - $80 is simply
       | not true. I know this, because I purchased for $20 yesterday a
       | faraday box to hold my auto key fobs and my cell phone. [1] There
       | are very many items for sale at this price point, fabric, pouches
       | and boxes.
       | 
       | [1] https://smile.amazon.com/s?k=faraday+box
        
         | pro_zac wrote:
         | Key fobs! Isn't there a scheme where thieves clone the signal
         | from a key fob when the owner is asleep in their home and drive
         | off with their car?
        
           | IncRnd wrote:
           | Here's hoping I get a good faraday box from Amazon!
        
       | Tronno wrote:
       | What's the use case for these products?
       | 
       | Even if the radio is blocked, how does that stop a device from
       | collecting data anyway, and exfiltrating it the moment it finds a
       | network? Won't it look for a network the moment you take it out
       | of the bag? And don't you _have_ to remove it from the bag to use
       | it practically?
       | 
       | Ultimately, if your device is compromised or untrustworthy to the
       | extent that it has to be policed this way, is it not safer to
       | just... get rid of it?
        
       | jpl56 wrote:
       | Please reduce the image size, they seem to be 3 Mb each. Some
       | people (especially if their phone is in a pouch) won't be able to
       | get to the interesting parts of your article!
        
       | comeonseriously wrote:
       | I think they could have done a better job with the aluminum foil.
       | It looks rather not well done. He could have made a pouch and
       | folded the sides over a few times.
       | 
       | I made a pouch for my car's key fob with aluminum foil and metal
       | tape. It isn't as pretty as the ones you can buy, but it wasn't
       | $25 either and It has worked really well.
        
       | aaroninsf wrote:
       | I am happy to see EDEC performed well.
       | 
       | Idle comment: we use their smaller keychain bags for car fobs,
       | after hearing with dismay first- and second- hand accounts of
       | relay attacks being used to steal or ransack cars in our
       | neighborhood (94110). We now keep our fobs in them except in use.
        
       | wolverine876 wrote:
       | What is the use case for disabling wireless communication for
       | your phone? How will you use it? How will anyone call you? If you
       | don't want to use wireless functions, buy a tablet that lacks all
       | the radio hardware.
        
         | jagged-chisel wrote:
         | Bad Guys can't follow you using the signal. That's about it.
         | Sure, they can tail you, but that's Work. And they'll know
         | where you are the moment you take it out, but hopefully they're
         | too far away to act on it.
         | 
         | All in all, if you NEED something like this, your opec had
         | better include more than this.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | > Bad Guys can't follow you using the signal. That's about
           | it. Sure, they can tail you, but that's Work. And they'll
           | know where you are the moment you take it out, but hopefully
           | they're too far away to act on it.
           | 
           | Why have the phone if it's not connected to the network? It's
           | a communication device. Just leave the phone home.
        
       | SamuelAdams wrote:
       | This is a super cool blog post. However I think it alludes to a
       | much larger problem. For many products today, it's very difficult
       | or impossible for most people to verify the product works.
       | 
       | For a network switch, there are free and open source tools like
       | iPerf to test and verify speeds are as advertised. For a faraday
       | box, you have to go through all these steps (and knowledge
       | learned) just to be able to test these. What about for vitamins,
       | or pet food, or any other "durable" products that are supposed to
       | last for X years?
       | 
       | In an age of snake oil salesmen, paid for reviewers, and
       | fraudulent products on Amazon, there is a real opportunity for
       | creating systems that enable individuals to verify products do
       | what the sellers claim they do.
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | > What about for vitamins, or pet food, or any other "durable"
         | products that are supposed to last for X years?
         | 
         | We could, as a society, make rules that prohibit these things
         | and create organizations with the expertise and power to
         | enforce those rules. We are hardly helpless, but the political
         | trend is to forgo and even decry that power, do nothing, and
         | then whine about how helpless we are.
        
           | lvs wrote:
           | It's called consumer protection, and it's weaker in the US
           | than many other advanced countries.
        
         | readams wrote:
         | This problem was most famously studied by Akerlof in The Market
         | For Lemons. The prediction is that such a market will be
         | overrun with low quality lemons.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Market_for_Lemons
        
         | RandallBrown wrote:
         | An easy solution would be putting your phone in the bag and
         | have someone else call it.
         | 
         | The post does mention something similar near the bottom where
         | they suggest putting an AirTag in the bag and seeing if your
         | phone can find it.
        
         | dannyw wrote:
         | It's supposed to be called the Federal Trade Commission.
        
           | goldenkey wrote:
           | I suppose the FDA is also supposed to make sure our food
           | isn't leaded?
           | 
           | These agencies seem to test one vector while ignoring
           | everything else. I don't trust them.
           | 
           | https://www.consumerreports.org/food-safety/your-herbs-
           | and-s...
        
         | adolph wrote:
         | > For many products today, it's very difficult or impossible
         | for most people to verify the product works.
         | 
         |  _Some people, when confronted with a problem, think "I know,
         | I'll use regular expressions." Now they have two problems._ -
         | Jamie Zawinski via Coding Horror [0]
         | 
         | To your point, maybe Zawinski's aphorism is broader than
         | regexp.
         | 
         | The quote investigation [1] linked from CH is well worth
         | reading.
         | 
         | 0. https://blog.codinghorror.com/regular-expressions-now-you-
         | ha...
         | 
         | 1. http://regex.info/blog/2006-09-15/247
        
         | sdoering wrote:
         | I agree that the free market is easily gamed and therefore I
         | really am glad to be living in a country with relatively strong
         | consumer protection laws.
         | 
         | I buy online, I can return within two weeks no question asked.
         | 
         | It breaks within two years - I return it. Either I get a
         | repaired one or a new one or my money back.
         | 
         | There are few exceptions but mostly it makes shopping quite
         | secure.
         | 
         | Yes. There are bad actors. Yes people get ripped off by shady
         | online stores. But if using trusted shop, PayPal or one of the
         | known big shopping brands the experience is mostly good.
        
           | wilkommen wrote:
           | What country do you live in?
        
             | cevn wrote:
             | Sounds like something in EU to me.
        
             | fpoling wrote:
             | Norway has similar 14 day return right for things ordered
             | online. It is originated in eighties when the phone or
             | postal orders became popular. Basically if you do not have
             | a chance to examine the thing one is getting like in a
             | physical shop, the seller must accept returns within 14
             | days. This cannot be restricted to unopened or unused
             | things.
        
             | pbhjpbhj wrote:
             | 2 years is minimum default warranty by law in EU.
             | 
             | In the UK we have a warranty period with no particular
             | limit, undergirded by the EU 2 year default, through the
             | Consumer Rights Act -- basically it's founded on how long
             | products would be reasonably expected to last, a fridge
             | should last a decade, a cheap toy arguably far less.
             | 
             | But, I've had a problem with this that I think it's a
             | useful example: Steam sold me a defective game, I tried to
             | play it but the bugs ultimately made it impossible to enjoy
             | (the purpose of entertainment!). Under the CRA digital
             | goods are explicitly included in the ability to return when
             | defective; but Steam/Valve decided their rules on "play"
             | time trumped UK law. PayPal provided a refund (tiny amount
             | of money) in accordance with their terms, but now Steam
             | have taken revenge (the employee time spent on the issue
             | certainly cost more than the original purchase),
             | threatening to close, and then simply limiting my account.
             | That should be illegal IMO, but I don't know if it is. I'm
             | not going to pursue them at this point.
             | 
             | Imagine if a fast-food outlet said "if you complain about
             | your food we'll ban you from buying from us", that would
             | have a perverse effect on consumers and reduce the ability
             | to push back against instances of low quality food. Sure,
             | you can boycott them but that seems worse for everyone.
             | 
             | TL;DR at least in the digital domain, even with strong
             | consumer protections companies can work around the law.
        
         | throw10920 wrote:
         | I'd like to describe a complementary problem to yours - that
         | it's very difficult or impossible to find out others'
         | experiences with a product's quality, durability, and
         | performance. That is - the complement to the problem of "it's
         | hard to determine if some products work" is "it's hard to find
         | other users' experiences with the product".
         | 
         | Amazon reviews are completely worthless, but very few other
         | platforms have anywhere close to the same number of reviews on
         | them. Most platforms have no verification of purchase for
         | reviews. It's hard to determine information like "does this
         | device require a cloud login? for which functionality? are
         | there ads?" that isn't explicitly supplied by the manufacturer
         | (or hidden by them). Negative reviews about product breaking
         | quickly aren't very useful because people whose products work
         | for a long time leave reviews at a lower rate. Google is almost
         | useless for finding out information like this because of how
         | SEO-gamed everything is, and the ol' "site:reddit.com" trick
         | will only work for a while longer until these fraudsters create
         | enough fake reviews on Reddit that it also succumbs (which is
         | already beginning).
         | 
         | (rant "...and this problem will likely won't be solved anytime
         | soon, because consumers don't _care_ about these things. That
         | 's the reason that we're in this situation - consumer apathy.
         | When was the last time you heard a non-tech-savvy relative say
         | something along the lines of "Wow, this phone didn't last very
         | long. Is there a place where I can add that data point so that
         | other people will be more informed before they purchase one?"
         | Users don't care about performance, privacy, or durability -
         | they just want to watch Netflix and pay the lowest sticker
         | price they can (regardless of annual cost of ownership). You
         | see people self-organizing around things like video games or
         | paintball or book clubs or whatever all the time - why won't
         | they put even a fraction of that effort into ensuring that they
         | buy a good car?")
        
           | Tijdreiziger wrote:
           | Amazon and Coolblue reviews have been decent for me. With
           | Amazon, the nice thing is that even if there aren't any
           | reviews on your local Amazon, it will show reviews from other
           | countries' Amazons with the option to translate. Combine that
           | with professional review sites like Rtings or The Wirecutter
           | and you can usually get a decent idea.
        
           | thatguy0900 wrote:
           | Maybe products have just reached a point of being overall
           | just cheap enough and just good enough that consumers largely
           | don't need to care about reviews? You talk about effort to
           | buy a good car, maybe the average car is just good enough
           | now. I wonder what percentage of younger people have bought
           | an actual lemon that would cause them to be cautious.
        
           | newaccount74 wrote:
           | > because consumers don't care about these things
           | 
           | I think that's not the issue. Consumers DO care about durable
           | products, and consumers DO share their experience. Consumers
           | talk to others about stuff they like all the time, and they
           | also complain to others when stuff doesn't work. Consumers
           | also spend a lot of time online researching products.
           | 
           | Amazon Reviews were amazing in the beginning, because so many
           | customers shared their honest experience.
           | 
           | The problem is that as soon as there is a popular place where
           | people go to read reviews, companies realise they can make a
           | lot of money if they post fraudulent reviews (or send free
           | samples to folks who write positive reviews). Products with
           | good reviews make lots of money, so companies are going to
           | put a lot of effort into getting good reviews.
           | 
           | On the other hand, consumers trying to share their honest
           | experience don't have anything to gain from doing so, so they
           | are not going to put as much effort into sharing their
           | experience.
        
         | theshrike79 wrote:
         | Linus Tech Tips is attempting something in this field:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pt3-6BsWlPk
         | 
         | tl;dw They're building a setup where they can test a bunch of
         | computer equipment with standardised tests (built by them) in a
         | standardised environment (also built by themselves).
        
           | gangstead wrote:
           | Sounds like what Consumer Reports does across various fields.
        
           | mrguyorama wrote:
           | Gamer's Nexus, also on youtube, has done something very
           | similar and designed a bunch of "Standardized" tests for
           | their benchmarks of computer systems and hardware
        
       | fsflover wrote:
       | I prefer smartphones with kill switches, Librem 5 and Pinephone.
        
         | 323 wrote:
         | But you need to trust that they are actually working, and that
         | the device was not intercepted and modified en route.
        
           | fsflover wrote:
           | They have the schematics [0,1] for these devices and even
           | X-rays [1] for Librem 5. Also, anti-interdiction services for
           | the latter [2].
           | 
           | [0] https://wiki.pine64.org/index.php/PinePhone#PinePhone_boa
           | rd_...
           | 
           | [1] https://source.puri.sm/Librem5/community-
           | wiki/-/wikis/Freque...
           | 
           | [2] https://puri.sm/posts/anti-interdiction-services/
        
       | pseudolus wrote:
       | Bit of an aside but the ineffectiveness of tin foil hats to
       | prevent government intrusion into our minds has been known for
       | some time :)
       | 
       | http://web.archive.org/web/20100708230258/http://people.csai...
        
         | tzs wrote:
         | I've lately started seeing claims on some of the forums that
         | embrace things like vaccines contain 5G mind control chips
         | claiming that lead effectively blocks government mind control
         | and that is the real reason lead paint was banned, and that it
         | is not actually harmful.
        
           | Arrath wrote:
           | Oh for the love of god
        
       | parkertomatoes wrote:
       | I was hoping they would test chip bags, because it was a plot
       | device in the most recent Terminator movie.
       | 
       | After searching, I found that Kaspersky has a blog post on the
       | topic: https://usa.kaspersky.com/blog/terminator-dark-fate-
       | chips/18...
       | 
       | It surprised me that chip bags were more effective in their test
       | than cookie tins, but only when they double-bagged it
        
         | alliao wrote:
         | truck drivers used them too to avoid tracking from their
         | employer
         | 
         | https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2017/11/austr...
        
         | teddyh wrote:
         | Also used in the, IMHO, underappreciated film _Enemy of the
         | State_ (1998).
        
       | bborud wrote:
       | At my former job we had a rather large faraday cage for testing
       | telco equipment. Two things surprised me: 1) It is more fiddly to
       | ensure a room-sized faraday cage doesn't leak RF than I thought.
       | It is really easy to make mistakes that compromises experiments.
       | 2) There was a bath-towel sized piece of cloth that came with one
       | of the expensive Rohde & Schwarz instruments that was
       | astonishingly effective at blocking signal.
       | 
       | So I mainly used the room because that's where the magic blanket
       | was - which was easier to use than ensuring the room was set up
       | correctly.
        
         | op00to wrote:
         | I see one of the founders (Ulrich Rhode) of Rhode and Schwarz
         | on amateur radio some times, and I always ask for test
         | equipment and he always says no.
        
           | kortilla wrote:
           | Maybe stop asking then?
        
           | shapefrog wrote:
           | I see you are from <insert whatever company you are at is>,
           | can you please send me a lifetime supply of whatever you make
           | / have / sell please?
        
             | op00to wrote:
             | Hey, when my customers ask they are free to have a lifetime
             | supply of our product! It's free to anyone!
        
           | Luc wrote:
           | That's very cool, he's basically test equipment royalty. But
           | he's the son of one of the founders - Rhode & Schwarz was
           | founded in the 1930's.
        
             | op00to wrote:
             | It's good natured ribbing usually exchanged over QSL cards.
             | I didn't know he was the son! Ulrich never misses a QSL
             | card for me. Cool dude!
        
           | relaxing wrote:
           | I once tried to acquire a RS PR100 like the one used in the
           | test here. Turns out they cost more than a fancy car!
        
             | op00to wrote:
             | I wonder how much more capable they are than the cheap crap
             | I can afford.
        
               | relaxing wrote:
               | A lot! An Ettus USRP + GNURadio could get you part of the
               | way, but you then you don't get the nice handheld form
               | factor and ruggedized chassis.
        
       | pdkl95 wrote:
       | I really like Snowden's recommended Faraday cage for phones or
       | other devices of similar size: two drink-shaker cups[1].
       | 
       | Drink shakers are cheap and widely available. The average hotel
       | room in any medium/large hotel chain probably includes a shaker
       | as a standard item as part of the minibar. The simple two-cup
       | style (as seen in [1]) is preferred over the fancier "strainer
       | top" style because you can press the two cups together; this
       | should cause the inner cup to slightly cut into and/or deform the
       | outer cup along the circle where they join together. The seal
       | between the cups should work sort of like the knife-edge seals
       | used in vacuum chambers.
       | 
       | A metal box or conductive bag is only a Faraday cage if it is
       | fully closed/sealed. Any imperfection in the seal or hole[2]
       | might allow the radio signal to leak out. Most improvised items
       | (freezer, random metal box, etc) have poor seals. Making a high
       | quality cage that actually block a modern phone can be done
       | without much trouble, but the drink shaker method is the only
       | method I know of that will do the job using widely available
       | (free) or very cheap ($10-ish?) parts.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://ae01.alicdn.com/kf/HLB1yRyhXZTxK1Rjy0Fgq6yovpXaZ/Win...
       | 
       | [2] Holes of sufficient size. How big are the waves you are
       | trying to block?
        
         | kurthr wrote:
         | If you're interested in simple cages similar in effectiveness
         | to the EDEC Window Pouch (they drop off above 3GHz)... try a
         | Microwave Oven. They are highly available, reasonably
         | convenient and well designed, with pretty good quality control.
         | You can even still see your phone inside has zero bars. I do,
         | however, recommend unplugging the microwave (or even cutting
         | the power cord) as a fire would likely result from cooking your
         | hardware.
         | 
         | To answer [2] How big are the waves you're trying to block? -
         | it's actually crack length not width that usually determines
         | the effective re-radiating antenna length. They can be very
         | narrow, but a long (a few cm) crack will allow one polarization
         | through almost completely.
         | 
         | I've run this test with a GSM base station and confirmed the
         | effectiveness. If you want to test communication with a device
         | to a base station, but have many other local antennas
         | interfering and want to fit many devices inside... it's a
         | decent choice. The alternatives are less convenient and usually
         | thousands of dollars to construct.
        
         | sumtechguy wrote:
         | At one company I worked at we had an 'out of coverage bucket'.
         | It was a zinc plated steel bucket. Worked almost every time.
         | Some dude had found at an arts and craft store a _very_ small
         | version of the same thing. It fit over phones perfectly.
         | Basically put device on ground. Put bucket over it. If you had
         | any gaps or any cables hanging out it was sort of iffy and you
         | would get coverage sometimes.
        
         | 14 wrote:
         | I think the issue is then you have to wait until you are
         | already inside the hotel to use those shakers, which as others
         | have said don't actually exist in most hotels, and at that
         | point you have been tracked to your exact location. Then it
         | would be trivial to surveil you with other methods without
         | needing your phone.
        
           | JacobThreeThree wrote:
           | Pretty sure Google uses dead reckoning geolocation tracking
           | when no signal is available. So as long as your phone is
           | outside of the bag at some point, you're being tracked even
           | when the phone is in the bag, and Google can correct any
           | errors in their dead reckoning calculations once a signal is
           | found.
        
             | BenjiWiebe wrote:
             | It's possible, but I'd be surprised. Dead reckoning is
             | _terribly_ inaccurate. To get briefly acceptable accuracy,
             | you need extremely precise sensors that you are reading
             | very very quickly (which would make battery life plummet).
        
         | MR4D wrote:
         | Now would be a great time to sell a ton of mints that just
         | happens to fit an iPhone max with a case inside.
         | 
         | "Security Mints - sweet & secure".
         | 
         | Maybe a kickstarter?
        
         | ncmncm wrote:
         | It is hard to believe this would perform better than a
         | Lazzaroni tin.
         | 
         | And I don't recall ever finding one of these things in a hotel
         | room, even in Europe.
        
           | ejolto wrote:
           | Depends what the tin and shaker are made of. The tin is
           | probably made of aluminum which has a higher skin depth than
           | stainless steel, which I assume the shaker cups are made of.
           | A Faraday cage of continuous surface needs walls that are
           | thicker than the skin depth of the material the cage is made
           | of. Since the skin depth of stainless steel is lower, the
           | cage wall thickness can be lower while still creating an
           | effective Faraday cage compared to an aluminum cage.
           | 
           | Ref skin depth of different materials at different EM frequen
           | cies:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Skin
           | _dep...
        
             | yosito wrote:
             | Reminds me of a joke my dad used to tell:
             | 
             | Dad: What's five plus five?
             | 
             | yosito: Ten!
             | 
             | D: How many fingers do you have?
             | 
             | y: Ten!
             | 
             | D: What's an aluminum can made out of?
             | 
             | y: Tin!
             | 
             | D: Wrong! Aluminum!
        
             | amluto wrote:
             | The tin is painted, and paint is nonconductive. A very thin
             | long slit in an otherwise conductive surface or mesh can be
             | extremely leaky.
        
           | geewee wrote:
           | I'm from Europe and I've never seen one either.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | I imagine I've seen them now and then but they're hardly
           | common. I'm grateful when I get real glassware.
        
         | causi wrote:
         | What's the physics behind being able to make a container light-
         | tight with a couple of right angle corners yet radio waves seem
         | to leak out like water?
        
           | foobarian wrote:
           | Does the right-angle corner trick still work if the container
           | surfaces are made of mirrors?
        
           | newaccount74 wrote:
           | There are two important differences between light and radio
           | waves:
           | 
           | Difference 1 is the wavelength. Light has a wavelengths of
           | 400-700nm, whereas radio waves used by phones have
           | wavelengths in the mm and cm range.
           | 
           | If structures are of similar size to the wavelength, then
           | waves can "bend around" obstacles. This effect is called
           | diffraction and can be observed with sound waves,
           | electromagnetic waves, water waves, etc.
           | 
           | Difference 2 is the photon energy / frequency. How well
           | radiation is absorbed depends on the photon energy. There are
           | lots of molecules that absorb visible light very well, so
           | it's easy to make surfaces that absorb light. But there are
           | few things that absorb radio waves as well, so it's hard to
           | make things that neither reflect nor transmit radio waves.
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | A couple of right angles not really make it light tight
           | either.
           | 
           | I remember going caving and we would have to go 100m or more
           | through many different turns before we all turned our lamps
           | off and truly experienced perfect dark.
        
             | devb wrote:
             | Are you familiar with daylight tanks for film processing?
             | They work as advertised using right angles.
        
               | pdkl95 wrote:
               | The last time I used a daylight tank was in the mid '90s
               | so maybe newer models are different, but I believe they
               | are made out of black/dark plastic? Several right angle
               | turns of black plastic provides multiple opportunities
               | for a visible-light photon to be absorbed into a black
               | body where it should be re-radiated as infrared (heat).
               | 
               | A hole/leak in the metal wall of a Faraday cage is going
               | to be a lot more reflective and can easily act like a
               | crude _waveguide_ [1].
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waveguide_%28radio_freq
               | uency%2...
        
             | newaccount74 wrote:
             | There's an old man made cave near me that consists of two
             | small connected chambers, and once you are in the second
             | chamber it is pitch black.
        
           | 2rsf wrote:
           | Radio waves (well, light and radio are the same thing just
           | with different wavelength) are bounced from conductive
           | materials, light is absorbed
        
             | relaxing wrote:
             | Light bounces too. As you said, it's the same thing.
        
               | alecdibble wrote:
               | How much EM radiation bounces and how much it gets
               | absorbed is highly variable depending on the material
               | and, most importantly, the frequency of the EM radiation.
               | A great example in this article is the faraday bag that
               | was visibly transparent but blocked the EM radiation in
               | the 1-6gHz range. The metal tin was basically the
               | opposite, it blocked visible radiation very effectively
               | but not radiation in the radio frequency range.
        
           | rocqua wrote:
           | Also, 20-30 Db of attenuation for light is already quite a
           | lot. Whilst for a radio signal it is still very conceivable
           | that 30Db of attenuation still allows for a signal to be
           | received.
           | 
           | Our eyes simply aren't very sensitive instruments. And the
           | visible part of the spectrum is uncharacteristically full of
           | 'noise', so it makes some sense that our eyes don't need to
           | detect any signals that are too far below the noise-floor.
           | 
           | That makes me wonder. How much 'darker' is any given bit of
           | radio spectrum as compared to the visual spectrum earth at
           | night.
        
             | elbasti wrote:
             | > our eyes aren't very sensitive instruments
             | 
             | I take umbrage with that statement! Our eyes are
             | _exquisitely_ sensitive, and most importantly, have
             | staggering dynamic range.
             | 
             | Our eyes are capable of perceiving a single photon [1],
             | albeit noisily (I've been lucky enough to have performed
             | this experiment myself!).
             | 
             | But the greatest thing about our eyes is the dynamic range:
             | the difference in brightness between a moonless, starry
             | night (which we are perfectly capable of navigating by
             | eyesight) and a bright sunny day is _nine orders of
             | magnitude_. A bright day is a billion times brighter!
             | 
             | Show me an RF receiver or light camera with that dynamic
             | range!
             | 
             | The one place our eyes are limited is in frequency range.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms12172
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | I knew the dynamic range was large. I did not know about
               | the sensitivity! That is quite impressive.
               | 
               | The magnitude of the dynamic range is even more
               | impressive if converted to 'stops' from photography,
               | yielding about 30 stops (1 stop halves the light).
               | Whereas a really good camera will do about 15 stops.
               | Though I suppose that the camera gets 15 stops in a
               | single 'scene'. Whilst the 30 stop figure for the human
               | eye does not hold up if half your vision is taken up by
               | daylight and the other half by a night sky. For a single
               | 'scene' I think it becomes hard to define the dynamic
               | range of a human eye though.
        
           | nabla9 wrote:
           | Microwave wavelength lower than visible light. It interacts
           | with atoms differently by interacting with magnetic fields in
           | atoms more.
           | 
           | There is:
           | 
           | - lines-of-sight propagation in free space,
           | 
           | - reflect from the surfaces like light (spectacular
           | reflection)
           | 
           | - microwaves can be channeled trough tubes (think sound
           | waves). If you fold a conductive material like tin foil
           | multiple times, it can still work as a wave guide and escape.
        
         | adolph wrote:
         | > The average hotel room in any medium/large hotel chain
         | probably includes a shaker as a standard item as part of the
         | minibar.
         | 
         | Maybe the hotels you stay in, Bond, James Bond.
        
           | pdkl95 wrote:
           | I admit the vast majority of my experience with hotels
           | consists of a single repeated data point: the staff[1]
           | suite(s) we shared in the Hilton attached to the SJ
           | convention center. They always had glasses/shaker/etc. You
           | could probably ask for a shaker from roomservice or the hotel
           | bar, if necessary.
           | 
           | [1] If you registered for FanimeCon 2000-2011, the weird
           | software you had to use was my fault...
        
             | adolph wrote:
             | She's not an average ship, Jim!
        
             | speedgoose wrote:
             | Hilton is a tiny bit more fancy than the average.
        
         | GordonS wrote:
         | > The average hotel room in any medium/large hotel chain
         | probably includes a shaker as a standard item as part of the
         | minibar
         | 
         | I've stayed in dozens of hotels all over the world, and never
         | once have I seen a cocktail shaker in the minibar?!
        
           | ghshephard wrote:
           | I've stayed in over a hundred, frequently in suites
           | (upgrades), often at 4* hotels, in 22 countries (Full set of
           | brands - Marriot, Hyatt, JW, etc...) Ice Buckets are pretty
           | common - but I have never once seen a drink shaker in a room
           | mini-bar.
        
             | srcreigh wrote:
             | The Fairmont Royal York in Toronto has shaker cups. It is
             | 5-star though.
        
       | scottdupoy wrote:
       | > While the cookie tin performed much better than the mylar bags,
       | and could provide a modicum of useful attenuation under some
       | circumstances, it was not sufficient to provide meaningful
       | assurance of signal isolation at any frequency. However, it was
       | unique among the containers tested in providing tasty snacks
       | during measurements
       | 
       | Back in the day working for Symbian I used to regularly have to
       | run a load of automated Bluetooth tests. Unfortunately there were
       | 200+ engineers in the close vicinity of my test setup and they
       | all had smartphones and all had Bluetooth turned on, causing
       | loads of the test to timeout. We were very pleased with ourselves
       | when we thought of using a biscuit tin as a Faraday cage to try
       | and improve things. Didn't work as well as we hoped, but got the
       | tests running within their timeouts. I always thought it'd be
       | interesting to try using an old microwave.
       | 
       | Best thing was that we got to eat all the biscuits first :)
        
         | kingcharles wrote:
         | When I was in jail I had a cellie who imported drugs from
         | China. They were always shipped inside defunct microwave ovens.
         | I wondered if it was just because it looked like a harmless
         | kitchen appliance or because the microwave provided shielding
         | from an x-ray scan?
        
           | habi wrote:
           | This really depends on the X-ray machine, a powerful x-ray
           | source might easily penetrate a small appliance.
           | 
           | A faraday cage/bag does not protect x-ray since it 'only'
           | blocks electromagnetic fields.
           | 
           | So I guess in the case you mention it's more hiding in the
           | insulation/empty space of an appliance.
        
             | BenjiWiebe wrote:
             | X-rays _are_ electromagnetic radiation.
        
               | duskwuff wrote:
               | Technically speaking, yes. But they're way off on the
               | other side of the EM spectrum, giving them dramatically
               | different properties. You can shield against radio with a
               | shell of any conductive material -- even a wire mesh for
               | longer wavelengths -- but X-rays are only absorbed by
               | high-atomic-weight atoms, like lead.
        
               | habi wrote:
               | Of course the are, but - if I'm correct - they don't
               | produce an electromagnetic field. And are _not_ shielded
               | by a bit of mesh wire (I work with desktop microCT
               | machines...).
        
         | redleader55 wrote:
         | The simplest test you can make to verify that the microwave
         | oven & biscuit tin can are good Faraday cages is to put your
         | phone in one and try to call it - every time I did that in the
         | past they failed to function as a Faraday cage.
         | 
         | Edit: clarification.
        
           | dzdt wrote:
           | The Faraday cage failed (the phone rang?) or the phone failed
           | to ring (Faraday cage succeeded)?
        
             | redleader55 wrote:
             | Clarified the text of my original comment.
        
           | OJFord wrote:
           | That's an easy way to verify failure (phone rings) but not
           | success - unless the only thing you care about blocking is
           | phone calls I suppose.
        
           | jmnicolas wrote:
           | Did you wrap your phone with something non conducting so that
           | it doesn't touch the tin or microwave?
           | 
           | It works for me with a cookie tin, the phone is wrapped in a
           | towel.
        
         | aurizon wrote:
         | Biscuit tins and aluminium foil have layers of insulation on
         | them, the varnish of the tin and the Al2O3 oxide layer for the
         | foil. It is true that the gap in each case is small, but when
         | you look for 10 orders of magnitude in attenuation - a little
         | leakage goes a long way. Silver has the unusual property in
         | that both the metal and it's oxide are both conductors = true
         | silver foil made of thin metallic silver will make a good wrap
         | around Faraday bag. Even better would be true gold metal foil -
         | note they often use gold plated shields in space uses, even
         | though gold foil is like fly paper in space = contact welds
         | readily, much more so than most other metals (many of which
         | have also contact weld problems that have to be mitigated).
         | Those Ramsey boxes are excellent, far better than many
         | costlier, but crappier boxes, obviously made by someone who
         | knows an ohm from a volt...
        
           | formerly_proven wrote:
           | I think the biggest issue with cookie tin cans is that they
           | usually don't close all the way around, because the lid or
           | the box is always slightly oval and not round (they always
           | "stick" just in two or three spots when opening), so it looks
           | like there's a small gap around half the circumference long -
           | far bigger than the wavelengths in question.
           | 
           | Square tin can works better because those seem to usually
           | scratch on the corners. The smallest square tin can you can
           | find should work best. A tin can sealed with adhesive cooper
           | tape should work pretty well even if the copper tape is
           | isolated by the paint on the can.
        
             | mcshicks wrote:
             | I had to do some testing with ble temp sensors once we're I
             | needed to isolate them and then put them in a freezer. They
             | were in advertising mode so I could tell at least if I
             | could see them with a phone. A round tin that was used for
             | green tea from Japan was the most reliable method I was
             | able to improvise. It fit very snug and the lid was about
             | an inch deep.
        
               | aurizon wrote:
               | Yes, a one inch compressed gap like that is a tortuous
               | attenuative path in it's own right...
        
         | Terry_Roll wrote:
         | How many different biscuit tins did you try? :-)
        
       | jmnicolas wrote:
       | Interesting experiment however his experience with tinfoil and
       | metal boxes doesn't match mine.
       | 
       | I placed my phone wrapped in a towel inside a metal box: as soon
       | as I close the lid I can't ping the phone on local WiFi and can't
       | reach it with call (it goes direct to voicemail as if the phone
       | was switched off). The GPS doesn't record any position while in
       | the box. I didn't test the Bluetooth though.
       | 
       | Same thing for my car keys inside a paper towel and aluminum
       | foil: impossible to open the car even at touching distance.
       | 
       | I wonder if he wrapped the device before putting it in the box or
       | aluminum.
        
         | mnw21cam wrote:
         | I would note that GPS is _much_ more fragile than WiFi
         | /Bluetooth/GSM. The GPS signals are already incredibly weak at
         | the receiver.
        
       | pluc wrote:
       | Surprised slnt.com isn't mentioned. Happy with their product.
        
       | whiw wrote:
       | > Faraday cages are non-directional.
       | 
       | Per-se, yes, agreed, but I was wondering whether the transmitter
       | and receiver antenna couple into the surrounding screen
       | differently. The degree of coupling may de-tune them differently.
       | If so then the setup which most accurately represents the
       | intended use would be with the receiver inside the screen.
        
       | BongoMcCat wrote:
       | > 20 dB represents a change of a factor of 10 in amplitude
       | (volts), while 40 dB is a factor of 100, 60 dB a factor of 1000,
       | and so on.
       | 
       | I always thought it was 10dB, or one B that was a change of
       | factor 10. Have I missed something?
        
         | js2 wrote:
         | TIL: _Two principal types of scaling of the decibel are in
         | common use. When expressing a power ratio, it is defined as ten
         | times the logarithm in base 10. That is, a change in power by a
         | factor of 10 corresponds to a 10 dB change in level. When
         | expressing root-power quantities, a change in amplitude by a
         | factor of 10 corresponds to a 20 dB change in level. The
         | decibel scales differ by a factor of two, so that the related
         | power and root-power levels change by the same value in linear
         | systems, where power is proportional to the square of
         | amplitude._
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decibel
        
         | variaga wrote:
         | You're missing the distinction of power vs voltage. dB is
         | defined in terms of power.
         | 
         | Power is proportional to voltage squared.
         | 
         | So a 10x increase in voltage == a 10^2 = 100x increase in power
         | == a 20dB increase in power.
        
       | Wistar wrote:
       | Matt Blaze is a treasure.
        
       | tgb wrote:
       | Interesting results. The article states that Faraday cages are no
       | directional. My physics 101 understanding of them was otherwise.
       | You show they work by integrating over the surface of the cage
       | and saying that's equal to the charge _within_ the surface. But
       | you don 't say it's equal to the charge outside. Indeed it
       | couldn't possible, since that charge could be light-years away
       | and steady state would never be achieved. Now that was for
       | electrostatic which isn't really what we care about, if I
       | remember correctly.
       | 
       | Wikipedia also states they are more effective at blocking
       | incoming than outgoing signals. Can anyone clarify the situation?
        
         | pfortuny wrote:
         | If you consider the compactification of R^3 by a single point
         | "at infinity", an electric charge inside the surface is the
         | same as the opposite charge at infinity (this is just Gauss'
         | result). In that sense, "infinity" acts as the opposite charge,
         | does it not?
         | 
         | I do not understand your question, otherwise.
         | 
         | (Not a criticism, just an interested comment which may be very
         | wrong though).
        
           | posix_me_less wrote:
           | > If you consider the compactification of R^3 by a single
           | point "at infinity", an electric charge inside the surface is
           | the same as the opposite charge at infinity (this is just
           | Gauss' result)
           | 
           | This is a mental operation, not physically possible. The
           | difference is real: for example, charge inside a perfect
           | conductor cavity generates electrostatic field outside. A
           | charge outside perfect conductor cavity does not generate any
           | static field inside.
        
             | tgb wrote:
             | This is what I wondered about back in physics class. Does
             | that prove the universe is not compact? If it were, then
             | inside-outside is the same. But surely that's not enough to
             | know the shape of the universe. My 'resolution' of this was
             | to say that the universe is surely very large and so the
             | time to reach equilibrium will be very very long. So the
             | experiment cannot really be run to completion.
             | 
             | But would a point charge outside a conductor cavity ever
             | come to equilibrium where it does generate an electric
             | field inside the conductor cavity? Assuming compact but
             | very large universe. It seems strange but I guess it would.
        
             | pfortuny wrote:
             | Aaaahhhhh!!!!
             | 
             | Thank you for this comment, truly enlightening (I am a
             | mathematician and know 0 physics). Shall have to think
             | about it.
        
       | janekm wrote:
       | The pink bag shown is actually a static dissipative bag, not a
       | static shielding bag, so would not be expected to work. Though
       | the article mentions trying other bags so no doubt some of those
       | where static shielding (metallic appearance) bags.
       | 
       | I've had a lot of fun in the past trying to shield Bluetooth
       | devices for testing... metal filing cabinet? Practically no
       | attenuation. Biscuit tin? Minimal attenuation like in the
       | article.
       | 
       | Modern radio receivers are ridiculously sensitive.
        
         | deelowe wrote:
         | I noticed this as well.
         | 
         | > "Makeshift Pouch 1: Electrostatic Mylar Bag"
         | 
         | This is not a mylar bag. It's frustrating how often these two
         | are confused, especially when said confusion can result in
         | component damage.
        
       | gdelfino01 wrote:
       | Electronic voting machines should be put inside Faraday cages
       | too. Specially now that communication chips have been found
       | hidden in some of their motherboards.
       | 
       | https://letsfixstuff.org/2021/04/modem-chips-embedded-in-vot...
        
       | ziggus wrote:
       | Solution: Wrap device in aluminum foil, place in Mylar bag, place
       | bag in cookie tin.
        
       | noduerme wrote:
       | Where I live, all I have to do to block 4G is to stop standing in
       | the far corner of the yard.
        
         | shapefrog wrote:
         | left arm not in the air and both feet on the ground seems to
         | get rid of the 4g signal for me.
         | 
         | I do miss the old days of tuning the rabbit ears on top of the
         | tv for best reception.
        
           | Kaibeezy wrote:
           | Try this trick... with your feet in the air and your head on
           | the ground, spin it.
           | 
           | Did you get an earworm? I sure did.
        
       | djmips wrote:
       | If you are sufficiently concerned, why not mod the phone to add a
       | physical battery disconnect? Would this not provide 100%
       | protection?
        
         | bserge wrote:
         | Great idea! Kinda hard on glued smartphones, but still doable.
         | 
         | Just need a switch between the + terminal and the rest of the
         | phone, right?
         | 
         | The more paranoid might think there's a backup battery
         | somewhere, though.
        
         | marginalia_nu wrote:
         | Better still, just leave it in a drawer.
        
         | pdkl95 wrote:
         | Even better: practice _defense in depth_ and do both.
        
         | catlikesshrimp wrote:
         | If you are concerned enough, but a phone with physical switches
         | 
         | https://www.androidpolice.com/2020/08/22/this-smartphone-has...
         | 
         | Or at least phone with a removable battery
         | 
         | I know I will never buy a phone without a 3.5 audio jack
        
           | haarts wrote:
           | That last sentence surprises me a bit. What does a 3.5 audio
           | jack have to with any of this?
        
             | catlikesshrimp wrote:
             | Manufacturers are always trying to push features that are
             | more profitable to them. As expected.
             | 
             | Non-removable batteries is the new standard because of
             | that. (Also stream lining) Which is bad for security (the
             | point of the article)
             | 
             | I don't use bluetooth because it is not reliable enough for
             | me, because I don't like charging another device and, less
             | importantly, because in the past it has been exploited to
             | hack devices. The audio jack is the one port I prefer never
             | to part with.
        
         | jmnicolas wrote:
         | What if there's a capacitor inside the phone that has enough
         | electricity inside to let the phone ping cell towers?
         | 
         | Depending on your occupation it can have very serious
         | consequences.
        
       | lettergram wrote:
       | I actually have a little cookie box, which is lined with heavy
       | aluminum foil, which I put in a steel lunch box.
       | 
       | Perhaps it sounds like overkill, but it's the only way I seem to
       | be able to fully isolate the devices.
       | 
       | That said, I'd probably just buy a bag... but I've been trying to
       | keep it with what I have lying around the house.
        
       | yosito wrote:
       | I'd be curious if anyone finds it worthwhile to have a smartphone
       | while being so paranoid that you have to hide it in a Faraday
       | bag. I understand the problem. I just don't understand the
       | practical use case: every time you use the phone, you have to
       | take it out of the Faraday bag, and it can be used to spy on you
       | or report information about you. Assuming you're keeping it in
       | the Faraday bag all day, when and why would you find it useful
       | and worth the risk to take it out? And with that level of use,
       | wouldn't it be more practical to have a dumb phone or a laptop?
        
         | 24bug47 wrote:
         | You would take out your phone if you would like to make a phone
         | call, or check to see if you have received any messages. For
         | the other 99% of your day, the IoT sensors being stuck on every
         | conceivable object are unable to report back to HQ (and every
         | agency and broker affiliated) your current whereabouts and
         | trajectory.
        
           | yosito wrote:
           | So why not get a more basic phone and not a smart phone?
        
             | throwaway1777 wrote:
             | Dumb phones still ping cell towers?
        
               | yosito wrote:
               | Sure, but they also have simpler hardware that's easier
               | to audit and almost all have removable batteries, which
               | is most likely just as effective as a faraday bag.
        
       | ncmncm wrote:
       | I wish it covered (so to speak) aluminum foil more thoroughly.
       | 
       | In particular, foil is cheap, so rolling up in several layers (3?
       | 5? 10?) and twisting the ends cracker-style ought to be more
       | reliable and practical than trying to do it with one layer and
       | fiddly seams. A suggested minimum number of layers and number of
       | twists would be useful.
        
         | rasz wrote:
         | I was hoping for this test
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2u6KdHmoMbw
        
         | stinos wrote:
         | I wish it had covered practical tests more thoroughly. As in:
         | did the phone communication effectively drop dead once in the
         | cages which measure well? Looks _very_ likely based on those
         | attenuation numbers, but still:  'question everything' is
         | usually the way to go in test&measurement.
        
       | JohnJamesRambo wrote:
       | That was really interesting. I can't believe how poorly the metal
       | tin box did compared to real faraday pouches.
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | The metal tin box will have had varnish and paint on it's
         | surfaces.
         | 
         | That means at the junction between the tin and the lid (and
         | maybe other joins), there isn't an electrical connection all
         | along.
         | 
         | Having two metal surfaces next to eachother, but with an
         | insulator in between, acts like a 'choke flange'[1]. However,
         | they only work at one specific frequency - at all other
         | frequencies they will leak either a little signal or a lot/all
         | the signal.
         | 
         | The same technique is used on a microwave door edge to keep the
         | microwaves in. It's why keeping the microwave door edge clean
         | is critical to safety - a small bit of food there isn't an
         | insulator like the paint, and energy leaks out.
         | 
         | [1]:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waveguide_flange#Choke_connect...
        
           | PeterisP wrote:
           | What I hear from you is that soldering a wire connection
           | between the tin can and its lid should improve it's function
           | as a Faraday cage?
        
           | op00to wrote:
           | TIL! Thanks!
        
           | rubylark wrote:
           | That's interesting! As far as improvised faraday cages go, I
           | always heard that microwave ovens are a good solution. Does
           | this mean that microwave ovens wouldn't be any better as they
           | would only block the specific microwave frequency they're
           | designed for?
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | Correct. In fact, you can easily verify this by putting a
             | phone in an unpowered microwave and calling it. It'll
             | usually get both 4G (frequencies range, but 800Mhz in my
             | area) and Wifi (over 5GHz).
        
           | coldacid wrote:
           | I wonder how many of us are going to end up cleaning our
           | microwaves today after seeing this comment.
        
       | fpoling wrote:
       | I visited at the end of eighties a research institute in a former
       | USSR. They had a whole room with computers put in a Faraday cage
       | to prevent any data leaks with supposedly secret information. The
       | cage was a mesh made of thin metal sheets with 1mm holes. As I
       | remember the whole thing was done seriously, not a fake to please
       | some inspector. It had double doors, all cables were put into
       | metal tubes, all lights were outside I suppose to minimize the
       | cabling.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | dsign wrote:
       | Cheap science fiction book idea: imagine having to choose between
       | living without your smartphone or living with every company and
       | government agency willy-nilly spying on you. Oh, wait...
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | Glad to see these tested. I've been using the EDEC bags for
       | probably a decade to have on hand for incident response/forensics
       | in security consulting, but I never had the gear to test the
       | bags, I just trusted their supplier. Good to know about
       | millimeter wave / 5g though.
        
       | f38zf5vdt wrote:
       | If all phones were mandated to have a physically isolating means
       | to disable their wireless chips, we could avoid this problem all
       | together.
        
         | 0xdeadb00f wrote:
         | Even then, how could you trust that the physical isolation
         | switch is enough?
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | > The question is, then, how well do they actually work?
       | 
       | I tested some by putting the phone in the Faraday container, and
       | then calling its number to see if it rang.
        
       | 0xdeadb00f wrote:
       | Wrapping your phone in aluminum foil also works.
       | 
       | I've made a few DIY Faraday bags that way. They're not perfect of
       | course, but less expensive than these bags most of the time.
       | 
       | Edit: Ah, I see this was covered in the article. I didn't read it
       | before posting this comment.
        
         | taneq wrote:
         | It also keeps them from drying out when you microwave them
         | while still maintaining a crispy skin.
        
           | Kaibeezy wrote:
           | Also, caution: If your phone is made from a tomato or other
           | acidic substance, the foil may corrode, further reducing RF
           | containment.
        
             | dotancohen wrote:
             | I believe that the Tomato is more commonly used for routers
             | - this may be why!
             | 
             | A good portion of phones, on the other hand, do seem to be
             | made of the fruit of the domesticated Malus.
        
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