[HN Gopher] Ask HN: Software Engineer hitting 40: what's next?
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       Ask HN: Software Engineer hitting 40: what's next?
        
       I've been working in software engineering for 18 years. I worked
       mostly as individual contributor (now as a Senior Staff Engineer),
       also I was an Engineering Manager for couple years. Now I am
       interviewing after a few years at the company, and I am hit by
       harsh reality. For the context, I am in Europe, not in the US.  I
       like technologies and programming, I want to further improve my
       skills in designing and developing reliable and maintainable
       distributed system, make better technical decisions. Also, I want
       to keep learning and playing with new techs. I am now interviewing
       for the roles like Staff / Principal Engineer, My expectations for
       the roles like Staff / Principal Engineer are that while staying
       hands-on, say for 30%, I will primarily use more my skills in
       architecture, engineering, and communications to focus on large,
       important pieces of functionality, technical decisions with big
       impact, etc. I expect that I would report to a Director or VP level
       manager, so that I could be exposed to a big picture, collaborate
       with and learn from a professional who operated on strategic level.
       In reality, I am now interviewing for Staff / Principal roles and
       see a few problems that make me rethink my carrier plans. First,
       the definion for the most of those positions looks Senior Engineers
       with a few more years of experience: so you are limited to the
       scope of a single team scope, report to an Engineering manager,
       just be a worker at a feature conveyor, just be faster, mentor
       young workers, maybe get some devops skill. I feel limited in
       impact in such roles, my borders and carrier are defined by
       Engineer Managers, who are usually less experienced in engineering
       and leadership topics than I am. The work is also very repetitive,
       there is not much meaningful progression, next level. I think those
       titles are created to cover problems caused by diluted Senior
       titles: an illusional career progression candy for ICs with some
       salary increase.  I saw a few Staff / Principal roles that put a
       very high bar on technical expertise, when only 3-4 percent of all
       the engineers have such levels, and again usually limited to a lot
       of coding and a single team scope. They usually have long
       exhaustive interview process.  An important problem with Staff+ IC
       roles is that there is a low salary limit as well, and you will
       face much more competition for top roles. Mostly salaries top at
       the level of a director of engineering. It is typical for a company
       to have 10 directors, but only 1-2 IC with a similar compensation.
       I want to work hard, and see meaningful progression: in salary, in
       impact, in respect.  I would like to ask for advice. I believe
       there are qute a lot 35+ engineers here that faced similar problems
       and made some decisions for their careers. Now I think to plan
       switching to a EM track or to Technical Product management. Thank
       you!
        
       Author : man-next-door
       Score  : 302 points
       Date   : 2021-11-27 13:48 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
       | downvote_magnet wrote:
       | I'm 40, went through the job search cycle this spring and can
       | share my experience.
       | 
       | First: I've been working in tech for ~20 yrs. First 6-7 as an IC,
       | then 8 as a dev manager, then 5 as a senior IC (I'd grown weary
       | of middle management and wanted to have fun coding again) before
       | beginning the latest job search.
       | 
       | Of FAANG I interviewed with 3 - Amazon, Netflix, Facebook.
       | 
       | Amazon's process was the least worst IMHO. Programming questions
       | seemed less gotcha, less Leetcodey, altho major negative demerits
       | for forcing candidates to memorize Jeff Bezos' "leadership
       | principles" and demanding they share canned anecdotes from their
       | career how they demonstrated them. The biggest problem however
       | was the hiring manager was the very last interview and he ended
       | up being an aggro jerk with little or no visible social skills,
       | the kind of horror story you read about on HN. Shouldn't he have
       | been the first? No offer and I would have rejected one anyway,
       | especially because their comp sits behind a 4-year vesting cliff.
       | 
       | Netflix was odd: I applied for a senior full stack role only for
       | the hiring manager to tell me mid-interview the job was actually
       | a front end role, dashboarding Netflix's internal tools. Why
       | misrepresent it then? They ended up ghosting me, but no more
       | front end for me, ty.
       | 
       | Facebook was by the far the worst, and I interviewed 2x for 2
       | different roles. YMMV but 2 Leetcode q's read off by bored, mid-
       | level employees. Not a single question about anything else. Maybe
       | that's a fine process for college grads but for someone with
       | decades of experience? As a former hiring manager I honestly
       | found it comical.
       | 
       | I interviewed with 6 other companies before landing at my current
       | gig as a Principal Engineer for a global media company. None of
       | them made me offers but I wasn't too passionate about pursuing
       | them. Often I didn't believe in the business model (e.g. "AI to
       | solve customer support!", "ML for more accurate real-estate
       | appraisals!") but maybe I just sucked too? Idk.
       | 
       | When I interviewed for my current role my hiring manager seemed
       | really smart and had 10+ yrs of experience beyond mine. He also
       | gave no coding tests (!!) and instead just had me speak to a lot
       | of other senior people.
       | 
       | I'm six months into the role and so far, so good. No job is ever
       | perfect but I'm happy I made the switch, and I feel like it's a
       | good pathway into an executive role at a startup or some other
       | company.
       | 
       | My general advice would be to keep at it, be patient. In some
       | ways it's just a numbers game. Or maybe more like dating, where
       | you can go on 500 bad dates but number 501 could be the one.
       | Don't take an offer just for the money if you don't get a good
       | vibe from the people. Also a huge salary becomes less and less
       | important the older you get, find something that makes you happy.
       | 
       | Good luck.
        
       | freeverse wrote:
       | I've also been frustrated by the inconsistency in the
       | roles/expectation for a Staff+ engineer. At a previous employer,
       | as I advanced up the ladder, management repeatedly changed and
       | strongly committed to an org structure and processes which made
       | it extremely difficult for an IC to have impact beyond a single
       | team. By the end, I was a principal, but reported to a line
       | manager, had zero access to the
       | planning/prioritization/roadmapping beyond my immediate team, and
       | was effectively just the sr engineer to whom they handed messy or
       | complex projects. Le sigh.
       | 
       | I've come to the belief that in a broad range of circumstances,
       | high level ICs aren't especially critical. There's quite a lot an
       | engineering org can do with sharp senior engineers working on
       | relatively autonomous teams overseen by a couple tiers of
       | managers who may have little understanding of the technical
       | domain. Adding some ICs who e.g. report to a VP and jump back and
       | forth between areas can be seen to complicate processes, planning
       | etc. We want technical impact above the level of a single team,
       | which often means cross-cutting concerns or improvements which
       | pass through several systems. But in many cases, even without a
       | technical IC who has a technical view of the larger picture,
       | narrowly-scoped teams can still come to a decent if sometimes
       | convoluted local optima.
       | 
       | My conclusion is if you like building stuff, but you get bored of
       | building the same stuff, and you don't want to people-manage,
       | there are basically three options:
       | 
       | - pursue a staff+ role at a large organization which can't afford
       | not to have those engineers contributing at a higher level. If
       | not FAANG, now there is a tier of slightly smaller public or
       | late-stage private companies who can't avoid having high-level
       | technical experts -- but competition is pretty fierce
       | 
       | - some form of consulting which allows one to move between
       | technical projects
       | 
       | - keep changing fields to do sr level engineering in an
       | unfamiliar area
       | 
       | - retire early, and putter on open source
       | 
       | This year I moved from a principal role to a staff role which
       | lets me explore some areas of technical interest which weren't
       | used at my previous company. If staff doesn't let me have
       | sufficiently broad impact, at least I get to explore a new
       | technical area. And perhaps it will be my last job.
       | 
       | _But_, an option which I haven't really seen, but which I must
       | exist out there somewhere, and would love to hear about is if
       | there are some niche companies that actually appropriately value
       | engineers with many years of experience. If one believes that
       | these experiences let us anticipate upcoming issues, design
       | better solutions, pick up new tools and frameworks faster etc,
       | and requires less from people managers, then shouldn't there be
       | room for a company which disproportionately hires very
       | experienced engineers, compensates them appropriately, and
       | produces better/faster/lighter solutions?
        
       | mrkentutbabi wrote:
       | Sorry to hijack the thread, I am wondering for those of you
       | FAANG/Unicorn engineers. What is next to you after this?
       | 
       | Context, I am also a FAANG engineer earning FAANG salary but
       | still faced with the reality that in order to increase salary
       | (more so due to inflation) I just have to Leetcode and re-
       | interview every year to renegotiate.
       | 
       | Until what point do you stop Leetcoding/re-interview every year?
       | I think at some point I will hit a salary plateau, what to do
       | after this? For an average (majority) of FAANG engineers, what
       | are their salary plateaus? I probably need to just aim for that
       | and then stop Leetcoding/re-interviewing after that.
        
         | md_ wrote:
         | Do you mean you re-interview and then stay in your current
         | role, getting a raise from the competing offers? Or do you mean
         | switching employers?
         | 
         | In any case, most FAANG have fairly fixed salary ranges for
         | each level. Now's a time of big salary increases, as you note,
         | so there's more flexibility, but you should expect this
         | strategy to fairly rapidly hit the maximum for your level
         | unless you get promoted.
         | 
         | So, if it's all about money, two strategies:
         | 
         | 1. Switch employers, get a big initial stock grant + bonus.
         | There tends to be more flexibility on the initial grant than on
         | salary itself.
         | 
         | 2. Get promoted.
        
       | Overtonwindow wrote:
       | A very good friend of mine who was a semi famous video game
       | designer in Hollywood for many years, said as soon as you hit 40,
       | go work for the government. He works for the government, because
       | of the stability, the benefits, all the things he was finding
       | that after 35 years in the industry, he was just too old.
       | 
       | Over many conversations he conveyed to me that the technology
       | industry is a young person's industry. Once you hit 40, you've
       | got to find a way to progress to owner, senior management, or do
       | something else.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | danbmil99 wrote:
       | 50
        
       | m4rc3lv wrote:
       | I became a teacher in software engineering when I was 46. In our
       | country there have been and still are lots of vacancies for
       | technical teachers. I find it very fullfilling to work with young
       | persons (students) and it is easy to keep up to date with new
       | software eng. techniques because you are in an environment with
       | som many technical persons (colleagues, students, workfield)
        
         | rschachte wrote:
         | Was it a massive pay cut?
        
           | wpietri wrote:
           | I suspect that depends a lot on location. A friend moved to
           | Europe and software dev salaries there haven't undergone the
           | massive rise we see in the US over the last 30 years.
        
           | bovermyer wrote:
           | I can't speak for the original commenter, but my dad is a
           | software engineering dean with decades of experience. Yes,
           | it's a massive pay cut.
        
           | datavirtue wrote:
           | Most certainly. But all the stress was also cut. There is
           | very little stress in academia. Most of it is caused by the
           | administration.
        
       | phlakaton wrote:
       | In our company there are, informally, two ways to operate at the
       | staff level and above:
       | 
       | - Be an expert in a single domain, eventually up to the point
       | where you are pushing the state of the art of that domain forward
       | with conference presentations etc.
       | 
       | - Be someone who takes a broader perspective on efforts and
       | ensures that sound technical choices are being made and
       | organizational/ technical roadblocks to getting those technical
       | choices implemented are resolved.
       | 
       | Either way, your role is as a force-multiplier, and you are
       | having a broad impact on the org. Cross-team leadership is
       | perhaps more assumed with the second role than the first. But it
       | is rare I think to come into an engagement having built up the
       | networks you need to operate at that level, so a year spent as a
       | senior engineer and building up those networks might not be so
       | bad if the fit is right.
       | 
       | Hope that helps!
        
         | man-next-door wrote:
         | You are right, I am focusing on the second option, and to be
         | able to do it, a company should have an appropriate setup.
        
       | hungryforcodes wrote:
       | Totally off topic -- but why does HN render the text of these "HN
       | Questions" with such a light font? It looks like they've been
       | downvoted 10 times, or something. It makes it hard to read, and I
       | can't understand the reason for it.
        
         | detaro wrote:
         | AFAIK: To discourage use of them, since HN wants the focus to
         | be on link submissions.
        
           | hungryforcodes wrote:
           | Great response, thanks! I like the HN questions -- but I
           | understand maybe that's not their thing. :)
        
             | ldbooth wrote:
             | The variety of Ask HN is a positive feature this community
             | has over a pure aggregator, IMO.
        
           | balaji1 wrote:
           | There seems to be a few other undocumented features like
           | these in HN. Or maybe they are documented somewhere and I
           | dunno :)
        
           | city41 wrote:
           | If they are discouraged, why do they have their own entry in
           | the header[1]? I always thought the light text was just to
           | separate them visually from the comments.
           | 
           | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/ask
        
             | hungryforcodes wrote:
             | Right -- what a good observation. @dang -- any opinion?
        
               | iamstupidsimple wrote:
               | "@dang" doesn't seem to work. You're best off email
               | hn@ycombinator.com to get their attention
        
           | andyjohnson0 wrote:
           | I'm not sure this is correct. The Ask HN posts that get voted
           | up are usually high quality.
        
             | rackjack wrote:
             | Text-only posts are down-weighted by whatever ranking
             | algorithm HN uses, so only the high-quality ones will rise
             | to the top (usually).
        
         | tailspin2019 wrote:
         | I'd like to know this too. My brain constantly registers it as
         | (incorrectly) being as a result of having been downvoted.
        
         | jrootabega wrote:
         | Hmm, I had assumed that they were all getting downvoted!
        
           | detaro wrote:
           | submissions can't be downvoted.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mcrider wrote:
         | I think its because the user is newly created (i.e., green
         | username).
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | hermitcrab wrote:
       | There are lots of options apart from the standard salaried
       | career. At the age of 39 I'd had enough for working for other
       | people and started my own bootstrapped 1-man company, selling
       | software products online. I am still at it 16 years later.
        
         | man-next-door wrote:
         | I was thinking about it as well. May I ask how you figured out
         | what products to build? Did you stick to the same business
         | domain, learned about their problems, and then built a product?
        
           | hermitcrab wrote:
           | >May I ask how you figured out what products to build?
           | 
           | I built products that I wanted. That probably isn't a
           | commercially optimal approach.
           | 
           | Probably better commercially to pick a market, embed yourself
           | in that market and learn what they want. You might end up
           | building something you are less interested in though.
           | 
           | >Did you stick to the same business domain, learned about
           | their problems, and then built a product?
           | 
           | I have 3 products now. In each case I released something
           | bare-bones that I thought was useful then iterated like crazy
           | on user feedback. I didn't know that much about each domain
           | when I started (but I do now!).
           | 
           | If you are interested I've written quite a bit about my
           | experiences at: https://www.successfulsoftware.net
        
         | bjornsing wrote:
         | What kind of software do you sell?
        
           | hermitcrab wrote:
           | Desktop software for Windows and Mac.
        
       | stego628 wrote:
       | Try a consultancy. I work at one and there's huge demand for
       | senior engineers with workload that's just what you're after, as
       | long as you have cloud experience. Pay is good too.
        
       | MasterScrat wrote:
       | I asked a related question recently on Reddit which got many
       | interesting comments and insights:
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/cscareerquestions/comments/o6d481/h...
        
       | leet_thow wrote:
       | I'm 42 and have stopped paying attention to titles and all the
       | traditional organizational paradigms that are losing relevance.
       | 
       | I feel like the ability to work from home in my sweats on simple
       | problems as a senior engineer and receive a 75th percentile
       | income relative to my neighbors in one of the best neighborhoods
       | in my new home state is the most societal progress I will ever
       | experience in my lifetime. I'm a lifelong bachelor by choice. Why
       | bother striving for anything career wise when I am on track to
       | retire comfortably to focus on my mostly free hobbies no later
       | than the age of 50? For a house with a 3rd bedroom I don't need?
       | 
       | No, best to appreciate what I have and leave the striving for the
       | next generation of engineers.
        
         | asdfman123 wrote:
         | I feel bad for people who aren't saving and investing a decent
         | chunk of their income as a dev.
         | 
         | I think you can be a productive dev well into advanced age, but
         | I think once you get to 40-ish the career becomes more like
         | treading water until you retire.
         | 
         | And if you're the kind of person who doesn't like meetings and
         | wants to go back to being an IC, you might not have that option
         | anymore because you can't take a paycut.
        
           | MisterBastahrd wrote:
           | I feel bad for people who believe that age beats talent.
        
             | imwillofficial wrote:
             | GP did not say this.
        
               | MisterBastahrd wrote:
               | I didn't reply to GP, did I?
        
             | WJW wrote:
             | Age doesn't beat talent but experience can. Not only that,
             | but you can be experienced and still have all the talent
             | you had when you were young.
             | 
             | There is a big tendency for young, talented devs to assume
             | they are the smartest person and/or the best coder in the
             | room because up until now they've always been (even in
             | college), but at some point in their progression that stops
             | being true. I'll even go so far as to suggest that if you
             | are still the best coder in the room you should probably go
             | out and find a better room.
        
               | MisterBastahrd wrote:
               | There is a correlation between experience and talent.
               | That's my point. Everyone crying about being unemployable
               | as an engineer over 40 is fooling themselves. 90% of the
               | software dev jobs out there are not at FAANG companies,
               | and at the end of the day, clients and corporations care
               | about getting shit done. The guy with the 20 year track
               | record beats the fresh graduate the vast majority of the
               | time.
        
               | hamburglar wrote:
               | FAANG companies hire old people too. I'm nearly 50 and
               | have 30 years experience in the industry and feel quite
               | well valued at my large cloud factory. The opportunities
               | for learning never stop and my decades of stepping in
               | shit in various ways is seen as a thick callused hide of
               | wisdom. :D
        
         | notacoward wrote:
         | That's sort of my attitude too, though I'm a bit older. I was
         | able to retire, a bit earlier than most, a little over a year
         | ago. The main reason I actually did was a lack of significant
         | overlap between what I enjoy doing, what I felt needed doing,
         | and what the company insisted engineers at my level should do.
         | I wasn't willing to give up all enjoyment on one hand or my
         | professional conscience on the other, so I gave up the reviews
         | and paychecks. The prevailing attitudes in this industry make
         | me not want to work in it.
         | 
         | People who have never reached either that level or that
         | longevity will surely say I should have stayed in, played by
         | the rules better, and built up political capital so I could
         | make more positive change some time in the future, but you know
         | what? I had already paid those dues many times over, and I
         | wasn't interested in paying them yet again. For all but a few,
         | that promise of a rosy future is just bait that employers use
         | to justify their BS in the present. I'm not _that_ much of a
         | sucker. Now I 'm comfortable and my time is my own, and that's
         | the only victory condition I care about.
        
         | peakaboo wrote:
         | I'm also just gathering money at this point, doing simple stuff
         | at work with no stress.
         | 
         | Highly recommended for a comfortable and enjoyable life unless
         | your ego needs to compete with others to feel worthy.
        
         | bjornsing wrote:
         | Sounds great, if you can retire at 50. In the EU you can't (or
         | at least not in Sweden where I am), so you have to think about
         | how sustainable this approach is past 50... and to me it
         | doesn't really feel sustainable.
        
           | askonomm wrote:
           | I feel like as a software engineer, in most of the western
           | world, if you actually save money (and invest!), and don't
           | make stupid financial decisions, you can probably retire by
           | 50.
        
             | swix wrote:
             | Don't just live for the future. Life happens now, not at
             | retirement. In my experience talking to people who has
             | retired, many are bored and are struggling with purpose.
             | Sure, there are certainly many exceptions. I just mean,
             | don't forget to live right now, this is it, it happens now.
        
             | jspaetzel wrote:
             | If you've been doing it for most of your career, certainly.
             | But a lot of people start their careers later or make dumb
             | decisions with money for a chunk of the time, those things
             | can totally push retirement well past 50.
        
             | NaturalPhallacy wrote:
             | And then the student loan payment hits.
             | 
             | Graduated in 2004 (right after the dotcom crash) with $70K
             | in debt, mostly private loans. I didn't get that usurious
             | gorilla off my back until 2014. In hindsight I was
             | dramatically underpaid the first 5 years, but still.
             | 
             | I made that financial decision at 18. First in my family to
             | graduate college. Nobody knew better to tell me not to do
             | that.
             | 
             | A lot of other people are in the same boat.
        
             | iso1210 wrote:
             | If you're pulling a 6 figure salary then sure.
             | 
             | If you've been earning on a typical career - say PS25k/yr
             | starting in your mid 20s, PS35k-PS45k through your 30s,
             | perhaps getting upto PS60k by the time you're into your
             | 40s, you won't have saved enough to pull even PS20k a year
             | for a few decades.
             | 
             | https://uk.indeed.com/company/Precision-
             | Microdrives/jobs/Sof...
             | 
             | https://uk.indeed.com/rc/clk?jk=62dc4988a0e4f36b&fccid=0de0
             | 1...
        
               | nly wrote:
               | That second job (PS70K senior) isn't bad. It's remote, so
               | you could easily live somewhere dirt cheap and be better
               | off than someone in London on PS100K+ (the difference in
               | take home pay is only PS1450/mo, which could easily be
               | the difference between a 2 bed at PS2K/mo in London vs
               | PS550/mo in, say, Durham... also buying property outside
               | London would be way more doable)
        
               | MrTortoise wrote:
               | problem is that salary growth in last 5 years has been
               | crazy
               | 
               | A senior engineer with 10 years exp 5 years ago made
               | PS35. Now someone out of a 6 month bootcamp can ask for
               | that.
               | 
               | That doesn't even get into all the other roles that have
               | popped up liker product / delivery which dilute engineer
               | contributions and narrow their skillset - which someone
               | in their 40's has.
        
               | alexandargyurov wrote:
               | Imagine that (PS70k senior), but instead of somewhere
               | else in the UK, it's somewhere in Europe.
               | 
               | In Munich, Germany (one of the priciest cities in
               | Germany), the overall average rental price is EUR700 for
               | a one-bed apartment[0]. Compared that to London, a one-
               | bedroom apartment rent is going to cost you over PS1000!
               | EUR1178.48 euros![1]
               | 
               | In Eastern Europe, you can have a very good quality of
               | life for even cheaper. The only problem is the language
               | barrier.
               | 
               | I live in Sofia, Bulgaria, and pay EUR340 euros for a
               | 2-bedroom flat in a pretty nice area of the city. A
               | coffee costs around 2 lv (about EUR1), average pint
               | around 3.80 lv (about EUR2). With a London software
               | engineering salary, I save a drastic amount of money
               | compared to London, and can usually afford to go to more
               | restaurants, bars and outdoor activities (Love that I can
               | ski just 20 mins away in the mountains!)
               | 
               | I assume it would be similar for people who can work
               | remotely for a San Francisco company but live in a
               | different state?
               | 
               | [0] https://www.expatrio.com/living-germany/costs-living-
               | germany...
               | 
               | [1] https://www.london.gov.uk/what-we-do/housing-and-
               | land/improv...
        
               | zvr wrote:
               | Ahem. EUR700 in Munich gets you a room in shared
               | accommodation. EUR1200 would still be a pretty good deal.
        
               | alexandargyurov wrote:
               | That's pretty similar to London, I wasn't aware Munich
               | had got so expensive!
        
             | xupybd wrote:
             | I think you underestimate the difference in pay across the
             | western world.
        
             | nly wrote:
             | It's definitely not feasible for most Software Engineers in
             | Europe without extreme sacrifice, and fairly low
             | expectations wrt to standard of living in retirement.
             | 
             | Retiring at 50 is extremely risky in terms of sequence
             | risk[0], so you'd want a low withdrawal rate on your pot.
             | You're also likely to want a higher income initially while
             | you're still young enough to enjoy it.
             | 
             | So let's say your target is EUR2M for a EUR60K/yr income
             | until you die, after a 25 year career. That gives you a
             | couple years of fucking around after college / some bad
             | years / gaps.
             | 
             | To achieve that over a 25 year, investing in to a smooth
             | 7%/yr bull market, you're going to need to invest
             | EUR2,500/mo. That's something along the lines of EUR50K/yr
             | of gross income (assuming 40% tax).
             | 
             | Most software engineers in Europe probably don't even make
             | EUR50K/yr... and we haven't even taken in to account taxes
             | on gains, raising kids, buying property, or just enjoying
             | life throughout your career!
             | 
             | [0] https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/sequence-risk.asp
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | Sequence risk matters the most in the first decade. So
               | long as you have a backup plan where you can restart
               | working, even at reduced rates, then you can protect
               | yourself against sequence risk. Older and in an economic
               | downturn means that finding work could be difficult, so
               | one would probably need to keep the backup plan "warm":
               | for example continuing to do a day or two of consulting
               | work or a non-technical role, preferably in an industry
               | that is counter-cyclical.
        
               | franciscop wrote:
               | > So let's say your target is EUR2M for a EUR60K/yr
               | income until you die
               | 
               | > Most software engineers in Europe probably don't even
               | make EUR50K/yr
               | 
               | These two statements do not mix well together, if someone
               | doesn't make 50k/yr it's unrealistic to expect to retire
               | with 60k/year.
               | 
               | Let's see more realistic numbers. You make 50k/yr,
               | getting 35k after taxes. COL is around 25k, but that
               | varies wildly; with a partner and each one's COL is
               | lower, but with kids and it's higher. Of those 25k/yr,
               | 15k are for rent. You save 830/month, which gives you
               | 630k after 25y, or 25k/yr at a safe 4% withdrawal rate
               | (gross, so not enough).
               | 
               | But also let's say instead of paying rent you get a
               | mortgage at that price, so when you own the place that is
               | reduced drastically. Suddenly you find yourself with a
               | COL of 12-15k/yr net, making 25k/yr gross from what
               | you've saved previously.
               | 
               | Sure it's tight, but these numbers are without extreme
               | sacrifice that you mention. Get lucky and make 60-70k/yr,
               | or find a cheaper place, or inherit something (a lot more
               | common in EU that USA I'd think), and it now seems
               | possible.
        
               | rsanek wrote:
               | The bond tent [0] is an elegant option to deal with
               | sequence risk. It does mean though that you'll need to
               | save a bit more to offset the years your money is out-of-
               | market and not making those 7% returns.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.kitces.com/blog/managing-portfolio-size-
               | effect-w...
        
           | trulyme wrote:
           | When you say "you can't", I assume you mean retire
           | officially? I imagine that having a few million euros in the
           | bank (or in different assets) would mean that work is
           | optional.
        
             | jstx1 wrote:
             | You don't just get a few million through work. Salaries
             | aren't high enough to save that aggressively.
        
               | asdfman123 wrote:
               | I make like $320k, my wife makes $70k. Our rent in the
               | bay is $2800/mo and we spend about $4000/mo on other
               | expenses.
               | 
               | I just moved to the bay from the enterprise world, so my
               | net worth is 400k. At this rate, assuming very
               | conservative raises and 6% on all investments --
               | including already reserved stock units -- I'll be worth
               | $2.2m in five years (age 40). $7.5m by 50.
               | 
               | And that's just assuming I hit $400k-ish in the next few
               | years and stay there for the rest of my life, and my wife
               | gets no significant raises. If I get higher, which is
               | entirely possible, I'll make even more. Or maybe at some
               | point I'll try for a startup and go for the really big
               | money. Maybe not.
               | 
               | Of course, many of those assumptions could not work out.
               | But the kind of exponential advantage of saving a large
               | fraction of your paycheck eventually overcomes any
               | disadvantages. Worst case scenario is tech goes bust and
               | US stock market turns into Japan's in the 80s, but in
               | that case I'll still be better off than most because I
               | have a lot of savings and I'm not addicted to the
               | paycheck.
               | 
               | I think the plan will be to do this for a few more years
               | and consult part time. Full retirement would be too
               | boring.
        
               | bjornsing wrote:
               | If you were in Sweden you'd be making $120k and your wife
               | $50k. Your marginal tax rate would be about 70%. You'd
               | have a net worth of say $200k, but that would be tied up
               | in your apartment/house.
               | 
               | A net worth of $2.2m is pretty much unheard of here. The
               | only people I know with that kind of money are founders
               | who successfully exited their startups.
        
               | asdfman123 wrote:
               | Sort of tangential to the point that you're trying to
               | make, but if I were in Sweden I'd probably be okay
               | working longer because I could actually travel outside of
               | 1-week segments once a year like I have to do in the US.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | In the US you should be at 4 weeks or more of vacation
               | per year by the time you have 20 years in, plus a couple
               | more weeks of paid holiday. No engineer gets one week per
               | year, even their first year two is typical and it builds.
               | 
               | The above isn't universal. Quality of life is one thing
               | companies compete on so the only companies that give you
               | one week are start ups (where it is understood you are
               | taking a risk in hopes of big payoff from your options),
               | and game companies where the dream job gets people accept
               | abuse.
        
               | spiderice wrote:
               | This is the most out of touch thing I've read on HN in a
               | while. When did we start talking about whether couples
               | bringing in $400k/year could retire at age 50. You are
               | clearly an outlier, even when compared to software
               | engineers in the states, let alone Europe.
        
               | asdfman123 wrote:
               | I know it's an outlier because a few years ago I was
               | making $85k in Houston as recently as 2019. I studied
               | whiteboarding and moved. Now I'm a FAANG engineer.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | hamburglar wrote:
               | Careful predicting the rest of your life based on 2 years
               | of the best success you've ever experienced. Something
               | similar happened to me 5 years ago and I'm operating on
               | the assumption the crazy pay can disappear at any time.
               | If you luck into a way to suddenly retire in 5 years,
               | always assume there's someone standing behind you willing
               | to do it for less. Many money faucets eventually turn
               | off.
        
               | asdfman123 wrote:
               | The beauty of saving that much is I don't depend on it.
        
               | lumost wrote:
               | At present trajectory this is a reasonable outcome, in
               | the case of a major correction saving your money will
               | also mean you benefited from the bubble.
               | 
               | There used to be stories from the .com bubble of people
               | who only knew a little html getting six figures. On being
               | told this around '08 everyone would nod and think that it
               | was ridiculous - after all fresh college grad backend
               | engineers could be hired for just 30k at the time on the
               | low end in the US.
               | 
               | Flash forward to today and we'd think a front end
               | engineer or designer with technical knowledge for those
               | rates would be a steal even after adjusting for
               | inflation.
               | 
               | I don't doubt techs impact, or that the big tech should
               | be the most valuable companies in the world. But I would
               | be surprised if software engineer became the highest paid
               | profession on a permanent basis, which with current
               | salary progressions is a given without a correction.
        
               | thisarticle wrote:
               | Ooof, you realize how few people are in that position
               | salary wise right?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | The context of the subthread was not being able to do it
               | in EU/Sweden, where $320k/year incomes are less common.
        
               | akavi wrote:
               | My friends who spent their 20s at FAANG would disagree
               | with you.
        
               | bjornsing wrote:
               | In the EU?
        
           | yellow_lead wrote:
           | I know it's a little off topic but why is this? Do you mean
           | this is the case due to salaries or is there some other
           | reason?
        
             | filleokus wrote:
             | Not OP, but salaries (esp post-tax) in Sweden are "low"
             | compared to e.g the US.
             | 
             | If you make 1M SEK/year (~100k USD) you are in the very
             | very very top of IC's in Sweden, and your salary post-tax
             | is roughly 68k USD.
             | 
             | Of course you can save a good chunk. Save roughly half, and
             | still have the median post-tax salary.
             | 
             | (And you can save in a less taxed private retirement scheme
             | which can be drawn from at age 55, but at the same time
             | there are implications of not working at the end of your
             | career for the government sponsored pension)
        
               | franciscop wrote:
               | If you invest 50% of your take-home pay, you can roughly
               | expect to retire in 16-17 years:
               | 
               | https://www.mrmoneymustache.com/2012/01/13/the-
               | shockingly-si...
        
             | bjornsing wrote:
             | It's a double whammy: lower salaries and higher taxes.
             | 
             | The whole society is really structured for people to keep
             | working until 65 or so. E.g. taxes are really progressive,
             | so saving in a high income year and living off that money
             | in another year (with no taxable income) is super
             | expensive. There are tax exceptions for retirement savings
             | but you can't access that money until 60 or so. Also, the
             | state pays your base pension, but you can't access that
             | money until 63 or something.
        
       | fjfaase wrote:
       | I just turned 60 and I am still working as a software engineer. I
       | live in the Netherlands. In the past decade, I have been working
       | 24 hours per week on average. The past two years I worked on an
       | application that is used only within the company, which is a
       | mechatronics oriented company. I am closely working together with
       | process and application engineers and over the past two years, I
       | have developed quite a lot of domain knowledge. Some of my
       | younger colleagues definitely are better at some software
       | engineering tasks then I. Although I have no management
       | responsibilities, I do coach some of the younger software
       | engineers in an informal manner. I have saved enough to quit
       | working and I noticed that my requirements for work have changed.
       | The working environment is now the most important aspect. Some
       | seven years ago, I suffered a mild burn-out due to toxic working
       | conditions. Since then, I twice changed jobs. I am not getting a
       | top salary, but it is enough to live a quiet and happy life.
        
       | codr7 wrote:
       | I recently got off the web dev hamster wheel and applied for a
       | position doing embedded development in C in an established
       | company after 25 or so years of startup and consultant madness.
       | 
       | I look forward to writing code and solving interesting long term
       | problems again.
        
         | max_hammer wrote:
         | Congratulations.
         | 
         | Did you learned C for the new role or had experience working in
         | embedded ?
         | 
         | Did you had to grind leet code for interviews ?
        
           | codr7 wrote:
           | No experience with embedded since Uni, but plenty of lower
           | level C/++ for side projects with code on Github.
           | 
           | These interviews were thankfully of the more constructive
           | kind, I didn't do a single test.
        
         | nodemaker wrote:
         | This! I am beginning to think more every day that C/C++ is
         | about the only stable, rewarding and fun career in tech devoid
         | of petty politics, full of high quality colleagues and tons of
         | fun problems to solve. Ideally want to be an entrepreneur but
         | C/C++ dev is not a bad fallback option.
        
       | m0zg wrote:
       | Mid-40s here. I've built up a skill stack that pays like
       | lawyering, and went solo. 3 years so far, no regrets. I work
       | about 24 hours a week. I make a lot more per hour than I did at
       | Google, but less overall, and it's fine. I get to actually enjoy
       | my life and I'm not going insane with stress. If I don't want to
       | work, I don't work. Previously I'd take sabbaticals between
       | significant job changes, and I find that I can't actually stay
       | without work for more than 6 months. Not because I need money or
       | whatever, but because I just can't sit on my ass and do nothing
       | at all.
       | 
       | I'm in the US though. I'm aware European software people are
       | pretty much wage slaves, and they don't have much of a choice but
       | to work until they croak. But in the US if you are capable, and
       | you play your cards right, and don't blow all your money on
       | unnecessary bullshit, you can be financially independent by ~40
       | years old, after which you can downshift and enjoy life, if you
       | let go of the idea that your total comp will always go up, or
       | that you can make all the money in the world.
       | 
       | Move to the US maybe? There's a dearth of quality software
       | engineers at the moment, and people move around a lot I hear.
       | 
       | Also protip: level designations such as Staff or Senior Staff or
       | whatever aren't even comparable between similar companies within
       | the same city. I largely ignore them. A senior SWE at e.g. Google
       | can be paid much more than a director elsewhere (and be more
       | capable than a director elsewhere, as well). Look at how much
       | you're getting paid, and whether the work environment is decent -
       | those are the only two things that really matter in a job.
        
       | itronitron wrote:
       | >> I want to work hard, and see meaningful progression: in
       | salary, in impact, in respect.
       | 
       | You seem to have the mindset that you can receive some form of
       | personal fulfillment from your career and that your employer is
       | there to provide that to you in return for services rendered.
       | 
       | In the perverted corporate world in which most companies operate,
       | it is in their best interest to keep you dissatisfied for as long
       | as you expect that fulfillment or happiness can be achieved by
       | working for them.
       | 
       | If you want salary, impact, and respect then you should probably
       | continue on the management track but you'll have to accept that
       | the impact and respect components are a fabrication.
        
       | sys_64738 wrote:
       | A few comments. There are only so many senior roles so as you are
       | promoted there are more folks fighting for fewer seats, and this
       | is why a lot of people move into management type roles as they
       | get older. I also feel that SW development is a younger person's
       | brief nowadays as the prevalence of python means it's more about
       | googling and less about SW engineering. It reduces the need for
       | senior people but these younger folks will get older too.
       | 
       | There are a number of companies where there are older folks in
       | senior SW roles if you look for them. I find that it's harder to
       | work with younger folks as they are less likely to have families
       | so have this mentality to work longer and then go out on the
       | town. Not interested.
       | 
       | Two euros.
        
       | softwarebeware wrote:
       | I'm over 40 and in the US. I also just did a job search. I left a
       | midsize company as a Lead Dev and interviewed for staff and
       | principal roles in order to get back to more technical work.
       | Here, in the US at least, I found a couple roles that were at
       | that senior-plus level and don't involve a lot of meetings. I
       | took a staff role at a much much larger company and it seems
       | great so far. Keep your eyes out and maybe you will find a few of
       | these roles around.
        
       | rufus_foreman wrote:
       | >> I want to work hard, and see meaningful progression: in
       | salary, in impact, in respect
       | 
       | Here's the deal, you're 40, you write code for money, and you're
       | asking what's next.
       | 
       | What's next is that your brain is going to be slowly
       | deteriorating, so yeah there's going to be some choices.
       | 
       | Like do a job that doesn't involve writing money for code, do a
       | job that involves being a people person. One of those. I couldn't
       | do that. I don't "get" people, maybe you do. Good luck with that.
       | 
       | Another choice would be to go back in time and invest money when
       | you're in your early 20's and none of this is an issue. Time
       | machines are great. I'm a time machine. I came back here to tell
       | you kids to invest their money in index funds so that half a
       | century from now, everything is going to be OK. It's going to be
       | beautiful.
       | 
       | People hate time machines.
        
         | mathgladiator wrote:
         | > What's next is that your brain is going to be slowly
         | deteriorating, so yeah there's going to be some choices.
         | 
         | You wound me. I'm about to turn 40, and I'm finding my brain is
         | sharp but my body is shit. I have to deal with gout and daily
         | pain. Fuck me. Can I have your time machine, so I can exercise
         | more and eat less?
        
       | christophilus wrote:
       | I'm about the same age + experience as you are. I've learned that
       | what I like best is the nuts and bolts of programming. My
       | favorite jobs were low-bureaucracy business where I have a ton of
       | control and few meetings. I'm currently on a team of 2.5
       | developers with one meeting per week. It's great.
       | 
       | My advice is to think about what you've enjoyed most in the last
       | twenty years, and optimize around that.
        
         | rc_mob wrote:
         | I'm noticing a theme in all these comments: we all hate
         | meetings and they make the job suck.
         | 
         | And I agree, meetings are often ridiculous and suck a lot more
         | time out of your day than the 30 minutes that you actually
         | meet.
        
       | tschottdorf wrote:
       | I'm close to a 35+ yo engineer and have been with my current
       | employer for over six years, mostly based in Europe. There are
       | multiple ICs, myself included, in positions like the ones you
       | seem to be looking for, and we are hiring. I know you're asking
       | for advice and not for leads, but maybe the data point that I
       | consider these reasonable goals is advice enough and perhaps
       | you'd like to chat about the company behind it. Reach out at
       | tobias@cockroachlabs.com if you're interested.
        
         | playing_colours wrote:
         | Good point! I suggest the topic starter to apply at the
         | companies that build products for us techies to use. I live in
         | Germany and we have many more remote options nowadays - New
         | Relic, Elastic, Snowflake, Aiven, etc. It will be fun and you
         | can master some specialisation that can make you more valuable
         | and be a meaningful progression.
        
       | a94d5dc743 wrote:
       | Next is 41
        
       | gdsdfe wrote:
       | Well if you don't want a boss, you need to switch to
       | entrepreneurship, maybe start a solo sass ... I don't see a way
       | around it. Edit : need a cofounder? :)
        
       | lettergram wrote:
       | I'm in a similar boat albeit different age and life trajectory.
       | 
       | I think the easiest thing to do (if money isn't #1 priority) is
       | joining a startup. Gives you the most breadth and ability to
       | impact and learn.
        
       | pram wrote:
       | IC duties beyond senior are pretty arbitrary at most companies,
       | you might be worrying about it too much honestly. Principal seems
       | to be a terminal position for people who have 1) been
       | consistently productive 2) been at the company a million years.
       | These people were typically already doing more "strategic"
       | architectural implementation/design work anyway.
       | 
       | Last year I went from Staff to Senior taking another job. I make
       | 30k more and do essentially the same thing. If you want more
       | money just optimize for that and stop caring about title imo
        
         | mixmastamyk wrote:
         | Agreed. Also if you're operating at a high level at a company
         | you should be defining your own role to some extent.
        
       | TruthWillHurt wrote:
       | What kind of company expects a Senior Engineer to have 20+ years
       | expeerience?? you must work for some corporation or large
       | company.
       | 
       | In startups and tech-focused companies seniority comes with
       | skills, not years on the job.
        
       | austincheney wrote:
       | I am 42 and blessed with 2 separate careers in unrelated
       | industries. A famous person that went through a similar
       | experience is Admiral Grace Hopper.
       | 
       | I am a technology principal in my part time job and it's very
       | rewarding when I'm not playing senior manager or director.
       | 
       | My primary career is largely dead. I am a JavaScript developer
       | and I have no interest in tripping over beginner things and
       | framework nonsense. I would rather program and focus on building
       | better products in a world where most JavaScript developers are
       | focused on tools and how to write code.
       | 
       | I spend a lot of my time thinking about open source and
       | decentralization.
        
       | bovermyer wrote:
       | I'm 39 and in the USA. I've had similar experience to yours.
       | 
       | I'm considering targeting the C suite given my social,
       | communication, and strategy skills. I would be a little sad to
       | give up coding, but since I do plenty of coding in my free time,
       | I don't think it would matter much.
        
         | k8sToGo wrote:
         | What is a C suite?
        
           | wmij wrote:
           | It is the "chief" type roles in a company - CEO, CTO, CFO,
           | COO, CMO, etc.
        
           | adjagu wrote:
           | Most likely referring to management. People that tend to have
           | Chief somewhere in their position title.
        
       | superfrank wrote:
       | > First, the definion for the most of those positions looks
       | Senior Engineers with a few more years of experience: so you are
       | limited to the scope of a single team scope, report to an
       | Engineering manager, just be a worker at a feature conveyor, just
       | be faster, mentor young workers, maybe get some devops skill.
       | 
       | In my experience, this isn't what I've seen staff engineers
       | doing. The expectations you laid out at the top are much more in
       | line with what I've seen staff engineers doing.
       | 
       | The staff engineer's I've known are basically the technical
       | version of a VP or a director. They're often not focused on
       | individual features, but rather new products or large scale
       | architectural changes. The mentoring they do is often mentoring
       | strong developers into future leaders at the company.
       | 
       | The staff engineers at my current company are currently focused
       | on how to integrate multiple products where each product has
       | three to four teams of engineers working on it. At a previous
       | company, I can remember them being focused on whether we stay
       | with on-prem hosting or move to the cloud.
       | 
       | I'm not sure where you're interviewing, but to me it sounds like
       | they may not be big enough to need what I would consider a staff
       | engineer, but they just have seniors that they wanted to promote.
        
       | baskethead wrote:
       | I'm 50 in Silicon Valley and going through dozens of interviews
       | right now. I decided to quit during COVID and now am trying to
       | renter the workforce. I have 24 years experience and worked at
       | companies you've all heard of and I honestly have great
       | experience. I'm still a coder and code in my spare time because I
       | enjoy it. I still maintain friendships with people I worked with
       | over 20 years ago, we recently had a reunion lunch and it was
       | nice to reminisce over the dot com days.
       | 
       | I'm so far 0/10 on interviews. The bar is so high now and the
       | expectations of perfection in a 45-60 min interview are so
       | ludicrous that I can't find a job yet. I'm LeetCoding about 3-4
       | hours a day, focusing on medium and hard questions. I went to
       | sleep last night at 1am after struggling to understand a hard-
       | level LC question that took me about 2 hours to work through.
       | 
       | I know the drill, I'm not shirking away from studying. I've
       | conducted hundreds of interviews myself. I'm old enough to have
       | been through every single interview style that coders have had to
       | endure since the Microsoft interviews of the 90s. But the sheer
       | breadth of knowledge you need to know, plus the expectations of
       | making perfect decisions in a limited amount of time is utterly
       | ludicrous. It's like people have forgotten that you can't design
       | Twitter in 45 mins or think about every single possibility. or
       | that some of these coding questions that are being asked are PhD
       | level problems, so if you've never seen it before, it's going to
       | be pretty hard to solve. Or that people can make honest mistakes
       | and get on the wrong track for 10 mins out of a 4 hour interview,
       | and then you get rejected. Or people also seem to forget that the
       | interviewers themselves are so inexperienced at interviewing that
       | they confuse their candidates with poor instructions, or they
       | expect the candidates to guess what they themselves think the
       | right answers are.
       | 
       | The most frustrating part is when you're given a relatively
       | "easy" question but you go down the wrong path, figure out your
       | mistake, and then correct it and solve the coding question in the
       | allotted time , and then be told that I "didn't perform as
       | strongly as they hoped".
       | 
       | If I were told "study X,Y and Z. We will test you at LC hard only
       | on this." I could bang it out of the park. But I literally have
       | to know every single topic in CS and every level. LC literally
       | has thousands of questions. My brain can't remember all of these
       | solutions. I've been studying for 2 months solid and finished
       | only 200 LC questions because some questions take me all night to
       | understand and I'm exhausted.
       | 
       | The biggest insult is that a company I worked at before needs me
       | to go through a full interview loop even though I have great
       | performance reviews only a few years prior and my code is still
       | running there. Not that I would return, because I left that place
       | for a reason, but the idea that an interview is a better judge of
       | my abilities than the years of performance reviews is completely
       | mind blowing to me.
       | 
       | Everyone knows that interviewing is broken but it's not broken.
       | It's mentally ill. It's crazy. Interviews don't test "how good of
       | a performer will this candidate be?" It's "how well will this
       | person do on these random questions that we don't know if it
       | actually correlates to work performance."
       | 
       | I was on an interview loop for my company where someone had a
       | GitHub. When we suggested that we could check out their GitHub to
       | see their coding, someone objected saying that we don't know if
       | that person actually wrote the code. The confidence people have
       | that on-site interviews produce the best example of how smart
       | people is a reflection of how insane things are.
       | 
       | Expectations are far too wide and as a candidate you need to know
       | literally everything otherwise you won't "perform strongly". But
       | it's really just random chance. Coding interviews should be
       | longer and less random. Give time for the person to mess up and
       | get back on the right track. Isn't that what you want in a co-
       | worker? Systems design questions should be a long conversation
       | about building systems, not just "what points did the candidate
       | mention that I was expecting them to."
       | 
       | Coding interviews are more of a hazing than indicator of future
       | performance. And as more people study, the bar gets higher and
       | higher until it will reach absurd levels. I have staff or senior
       | staff level experience but I'm applying for E5 level positions
       | because I would rather get into a company and work my way up than
       | try to come in at a level where the expectations are mentally
       | ill.
        
         | softwarebeware wrote:
         | I hear you on the ludicrous breadth of knowledge that is
         | expected. I recently went through the interview loops of
         | several large tech companies. This time around I decided to
         | study leetcode only a little bit and to lean more into my
         | experience during the interviews and it worked out better for
         | me. Here's the biggest key to interviewing at senior+ level, I
         | think. In the past, I think my tendency had been to assume that
         | the interviewer was looking for one right answer and to try and
         | meet them where they were. This time around, I would openly say
         | that it depends on which context you're talking about. If
         | someone asked me to design Twitter, for example, I could do it
         | as a CRUD app with a web front-end, a microservice that's
         | essentially an adapter to a SQL DB of some kind, pretty easy.
         | So I would just say that. "If you are just starting out, this
         | could easily represented this way and it could support you into
         | thousands of users..." Then I would leave it on them to ask
         | more questions about how to scale it up. I'd mention that you
         | could carry the DB farther by using read replicas if you accept
         | that not everything is in real time. Then we'd start to
         | eventually talk about potential solutions for getting more
         | realtime data like Firebase, but we'd talk about where in the
         | stack is that really necessary or appropriate and at what
         | scale. I found pretty good success this way, rather than
         | starting with the most complex solution, instead starting with,
         | basically, the simplest, and easiest to get going initially.
        
           | empressplay wrote:
           | This is pretty much true, but if you're doing a coding test,
           | don't just provide a naive solution full stop -- if you can
           | _also_ provide more scaleable solution(s) or at least a
           | discussion of how things could be made more scaleable in the
           | readme, you'll do better
        
         | stephen_cagle wrote:
         | My pops and I were talking about this. We have a theory that
         | the real reason these leetcodes are done is to allow large
         | organization to discriminate in whatever way they want without
         | opening themselves to discriminations lawsuits. I don't actualy
         | believe this is the "conscious" reason, but I think this may be
         | one of the reasons that leetcode style interviews are popular.
         | 
         | I can get everyone but the least skilled interviewer to pass if
         | I provide enough assistance in the interview. Similarly, I can
         | fail anyone but the strongest algorithmic candidates by being
         | unhelpful in the interview. The interview allows enough "smoke
         | screen" that I can basically end up passing/failing in a manner
         | that is pretty detached from their "objective" algorithmic
         | skill.
         | 
         | Just a theory.
        
           | elahieh wrote:
           | Your theory has been seen before in other contexts -
           | https://arxiv.org/abs/1110.1556
           | 
           |  _The Mathematics Department of Moscow State University, the
           | most prestigious mathematics school in Russia, was [around
           | 1975] actively trying to keep Jewish students (and other
           | "undesirables") from enrolling in the department._
           | 
           |  _One of the methods they used for doing this was to give the
           | unwanted students a different set of problems on their oral
           | exam. I was told that these problems were carefully designed
           | to have elementary solutions (so that the Department could
           | avoid scandals) that were nearly impossible to find. Any
           | student who failed to answer could easily be rejected, so
           | this system was an effective method of controlling
           | admissions._
        
         | knuthsat wrote:
         | The only place where I really met high expectation is in
         | finance. The amount of ten-seconds-for-the-answer-or-we-stop-
         | the-interview questions was enormous.
         | 
         | Last 5 places I interviewed, 2 didn't ask LC at all, and I
         | still failed at 4.
         | 
         | Also, for LC, you should work on it for 15-30 minutes and then
         | look at the solution. It's the most efficient way. If you don't
         | even understand the task, just don't do it. Similarly, sites
         | like codeforces allow you to group tasks by algorithm and to
         | sort them by number of people that solved them (and you can
         | look at the solutions). This also simplifies the knowledge
         | acquisition.
         | 
         | As for being a principal/staff engineer. This is all new to me
         | and I have no idea how much these individuals code or what
         | exactly they do (although I'm currently starting a principal
         | engineer role in a company of around 300 engineers). So I
         | assume either I'm silly or the title inflation is rampant.
         | Although, the interview required operating systems, networking,
         | algorithms, hardware, people skills, low/high level programming
         | language knowledge that I guess I have. The questions were:
         | "How does a UI library work?", "Describe this networking
         | protocol?", "How many syscalls are triggered by npm install?",
         | and whatever other question that they ask you to go as deeply
         | as possible as you can.
        
         | mixmastamyk wrote:
         | Refuse these kind of on-the-spot tests and save everyone a lot
         | of time.
        
         | genezeta wrote:
         | Similar age and circumstance but not in the USA.
         | 
         | The saddest part for me is the companies that just throw you a
         | take-home exercise without even bothering to phone you first.
         | You apply to a certain position and then, say a week later -or
         | sometimes more-, they simply send you an email with some
         | programming task to develop.
         | 
         | Frequently they are _not_ small tasks but full projects which
         | require multiple days of work. Just a few days ago: delivering
         | a full web application to manage  "map layers", with a DB, a
         | back-end, and a "user-friendly front-end with a nice design";
         | testing included and all put into Docker containers, and a
         | working demo somewhere published automatically from the
         | repository.
         | 
         | And I mean, it's not just the assumption that you will spend
         | however long it takes you on this for free, but that you will
         | do it without even having had a simple conversation with them
         | before.
         | 
         | ----
         | 
         | Anyway, what I really wanted to say was: Good luck in your
         | search. Stay sane.
        
           | empressplay wrote:
           | This does have the effect though of filtering out candidates
           | who were lukewarm on the position to begin with (eg they were
           | just throwing applications around en masse) because now, yes,
           | there is that investment to be made in proceeding with the
           | application. And the coding test tends to become the focus of
           | the rest of the interview process, assuming the company goes
           | forward with it. And good companies will give fairly
           | comprehensive feedback on your submission, so there's that.
        
         | marcinzm wrote:
         | >Expectations are far too wide and as a candidate you need to
         | know literally everything otherwise you won't "perform
         | strongly". But it's really just random chance. Coding
         | interviews should be longer and less random. Give time for the
         | person to mess up and get back on the right track. Isn't that
         | what you want in a co-worker? Systems design questions should
         | be a long conversation about building systems, not just "what
         | points did the candidate mention that I was expecting them to."
         | 
         | One reason for this is that large tech company have horrible
         | diversity metrics and are trying to avoid getting sued for
         | discrimination (bot just by candidates but also by the
         | government). If every candidate is judged on the same robotic
         | criteria then that makes a discrimination claim harder. A
         | second reason is to avid managers building fiefdoms or
         | employees having much more loyalty to their manager than the
         | company.
         | 
         | Startups have a wider range of interviews but they also pay
         | much less. Although you could get lucky with an late-stage
         | startup that hasn't fully solidified it's interview processes
         | yet.
        
       | daviddever23box wrote:
       | Focus on understanding the financial aspects of the business
       | you're in, not just the ground under your feet.
        
       | RGamma wrote:
       | Side question: How do you think your age of 40 plays into this?
       | Is it about ageism? 40 is not... old?
       | 
       | And 18 years experience is a lot. Something wrong with the
       | companies you interview for?
        
       | Matthias247 wrote:
       | > My expectations for the roles like Staff / Principal Engineer
       | are that while staying hands-on, say for 30%, I will primarily
       | use more my skills in architecture, engineering, and
       | communications to focus on large, important pieces of
       | functionality, technical decisions with big impact, etc.
       | 
       | > Now I think to plan switching to a EM track or to Technical
       | Product management. Thank you!
       | 
       | I think you should refine a bit on what you are really looking
       | for. Roles with 30% coding and a TPM role are extremely
       | different. Is the most important thing to you large scope? Deep
       | technical work? Or a high compensation? All of them are
       | available, but potentially at different companies and not all at
       | once. At Amazon a principal engineering role usually comes with
       | the huge scope you described - but many engineers on that level
       | will not be 30% hands on coding due to other responsibilities
       | taking up time. I heard its a bit different at the other big
       | companies, where the scope might be more on the team level as you
       | described. For startups there is likely nothing in common.
       | 
       | If you like technical work and think you add a lot of value there
       | - you might want to stay on this path (whether its the wide or
       | deep one). The management path will be very different.
       | 
       | One thing you might want to consider for the principal IC path is
       | that it will require significant investments to stay on top of
       | this role: Technology is constantly changing - we have new
       | programming languages, new tools (containers), new environments
       | (cloud), new paradigms (devops), etc. In the most senior roles
       | you will always be expected to be on top of those things and know
       | more about them than the average senior engineer who you can
       | guide. So I think you definitely should bring in a far amount of
       | curiuosity to learn new things at a very deep level to keep
       | staying successful.
        
       | mathgladiator wrote:
       | I'm almost 40 as well, and I've reached "senior principal
       | engineer" within FANG.
       | 
       | Ignoring titles, the problem with high level engineering roles
       | (beyond their difficulty) is finding problems that meaningfully
       | grow you technically as you can reach a practitioner within the
       | field. These roles are rare because most businesses don't
       | actually need nor benefit from them.
       | 
       | The other challenge is that the title inflation really messes
       | with people. For example, a key aspect of higher level
       | engineering is not just technical but understanding
       | organizational shit as well. For example, it's now just about
       | execution but planning and thinking about execution in context of
       | 50 to 1000 people.
       | 
       | Take the Amazon curve: SDE I - 0 SDE II - 1 (an intern) SDE III -
       | 5 (a team) SDE IV/Principal - 25 (a big team) Senior Principal -
       | 125 (an org) Distinguished Engineer - the company
       | 
       | Using the people scale and how much you impact an organization
       | lets you know where you are within the FANG universe (and the
       | FANG generally are in alignment with titles and pay-bands). This
       | represents another challenge is that being a high level engineer
       | requires a tremendous amount of trust from management to
       | influence everything under their empire.
       | 
       | What I recommend is scoping the places where the frontier is
       | being pushed which align with what you want to work on. Second,
       | test the waters if they have a technical hierarchy which can
       | support you. Third, put the problem first rather than titles/comp
       | and be willing to build trust within the organization.
       | Influencing over 5 people requires tremendous trust.
       | 
       | The unfortunate aspect is that the duality of building trust can
       | make it exceptionally rare to achieve that level. It's not a
       | trivial level because it requires both the technical AND people
       | skills. The only way I've seen to short-circuit it is to be
       | absolutely a beast on the technical front, and this can be done
       | via an open source project of exceptional merit OR building a
       | company.
        
       | bouncycastle wrote:
       | censored
        
         | md_ wrote:
         | This is the least useful answer I can imagine anyone giving to
         | the original question.
        
       | StevePerkins wrote:
       | All ego aside, I probably AM one of those "Principal Engineers
       | who are really more Senior++". I reached my plateau somewhere
       | between 35 and 40, and now that I'm in my mid-40's it looks like
       | more of the same between here and retirement.
       | 
       | However, most of these "ageism" or "life is over after 35" things
       | are absurdly doom and gloom. So I'd like to offer a different
       | perspective that may be helpful to younger folks.
       | 
       | Hitting a plateau in your mid-40's is not... that... bad! First
       | and foremost, I have two children in middle of their formative
       | years, and that's where my focus primarily lies today.
       | Maintaining a healthy marriage with my spouse, and avoiding the
       | mistakes of my dysfunctional boomer parents. On evenings where my
       | son has hockey practice and my daughter has dance, and so me and
       | my wife have to work together to get them both to their
       | respective things, I am simply NOT going to bail and make my wife
       | have to choose between them because something came up, or I'm
       | having to work the same hours as the VP's and C-levels in order
       | to fit in. I have finally achieved that mythical "work-life
       | balance", and I enjoy it.
       | 
       | Secondly, even if you lack the clout to DECLARE what a company's
       | tech stack is going to be, you can still find yourself learning
       | new tech stacks every few years. I spent the first 15-20 years of
       | my career in Java shops, and felt like I had no agency in the
       | matter. That's just what I happened to stumble into as an entry-
       | level dev out of college, and from there no one would hire me for
       | anything else. But awhile back I was playing with .NET Core, and
       | thought, _" I'd like to work with this"_. So I just went and
       | found a job doing C#. It was easy to find, and I was making
       | slightly more money as a C# newbie than I was as a Java veteran.
       | This past year I decided that I wanted more exposure to data
       | science and machine learning. So now I'm in a Python shop for the
       | first time in my career, and I'm charged with giving direction
       | and mentorship to younger developers who quite frankly are much
       | more knowledgeable about Python. All of these things are
       | exciting, and keep me fresh and on my toes and engaged with the
       | field.
       | 
       | In a lot of discussion threads, where people bemoan that they've
       | reached their 40's and "can't find a job anymore", I have to
       | assume the issue is that they keep looking for substantial
       | promotions or raises over their previous jobs, and are simply in
       | denial about having reached a plateau (or if they _haven 't_ been
       | willing to continuously learn new tech, may be in decline). Yes,
       | most companies are NOT being realistic when they talk about
       | having "parallel career tracks for managers and IC's". Rarely
       | does the title "Principal Engineer" REALLY put you on-par with a
       | Director or VP. It is what it is. Management will always be what
       | people "advance" into, and individual contributor roles will
       | always be for those "who did not advance". At some point in your
       | career, you will likely have to make your peace with that,
       | because there simply aren't enough TRUE "Principal" jobs (as
       | described in the original post) for more than 1 out of 10 of us
       | to reach.
       | 
       | But I really don't think that "Senior++" is such a bad fate. I'm
       | in the top 5% of U.S. household incomes, I have wonderful work-
       | life balance, and I enjoy my work and feel like I am continuously
       | growing. At some point, you need to take... the... win, and stop
       | trying to convince yourself or let unrealistic social media
       | convince you that you're a loser.
        
       | vjeux wrote:
       | It seems like a senior (E7+) position at Facebook fits what you
       | are looking for. Let me know if you want to chat about it.
       | vjeux@fb.com
        
         | vanusa wrote:
         | Given the interview experience at that company described in a
         | sibling comment - why should we bother?
         | 
         |  _Facebook was by the far the worst, and I interviewed 2x for 2
         | different roles. YMMV but 2 Leetcode q 's read off by bored,
         | mid-level employees. Not a single question about anything else.
         | Maybe that's a fine process for college grads but for someone
         | with decades of experience? As a former hiring manager I
         | honestly found it comical_
        
         | k8sToGo wrote:
         | Out of curiosity, are you working from Europe or US?
        
           | vjeux wrote:
           | I'm personally working from the US but a sizable part of my
           | org (Client performance and reliability) and my previous org
           | (React Native / React) are in Europe. As a French person, the
           | European side of fb is dear to my heart!
        
       | seibelj wrote:
       | Only big companies will have the resources and need to hire
       | someone who makes architectures and rarely gets their hands
       | dirty. It sounds like you want to be an architect that primarily
       | designs big systems from the ground up. There just isn't a lot of
       | need for this - the design is the beginning, and after the system
       | is running it's about keeping it running and improving it. Plus a
       | lot of these roles are internal hires from talent the CTO knows
       | already, as there are so few of these positions and they need to
       | be trusted.
       | 
       | However this sounds like something FAANG companies have positions
       | for. I just think they will be very limited and very hard to get.
        
         | jrockway wrote:
         | This is really not true. Every software-focused startup that's
         | ~30 people and growing need someone to guide the way for the
         | less experienced engineers. Systems design is a part of every
         | software engineer's career, but experience there can be pretty
         | limited. (Most people try to simplify the field down to
         | 1-person projects, because they started programming with
         | 1-person projects. That very quickly fails to scale, and
         | needing to make 15 1-person projects work together is a common
         | demand.) So you need to learn it "on the job", and you need
         | someone around to help. That's exactly the position that the OP
         | is looking for, and looking around at job listings, it is quite
         | in demand.
        
       | throwawaypren21 wrote:
       | 50+ principal engineer here. My perspective is US-centric, but
       | I've worked closely with engineers on teams & orgs globally, both
       | in the past as well as my current role. Not FAANG+ but
       | close/adjacent; large, cloud-focused tech.
       | 
       | It's true that IC roles are less common at this level but they
       | are definitely out there, especially in big tech. In the US
       | anyway, it's basically a 2-tier system: $700K+ total annual comp
       | or sub-$200. I didn't discover the former even existed outside
       | the Bay area until the last few years, but boy am I glad I did.
       | If you love what you do, in the right organization you'll have
       | autonomy, creative freedom and potentially influence org-wide.
       | And I'm not gonna lie, the money is _great_. (Side note to my US-
       | based friends: at the high end, Salary.com, GlassDoor, etc is
       | absurdly low). To the OP: if you 're feeling constrained by your
       | existing environment, consider looking around. The last 2
       | companies I interviewed asked virtually all design/architecture &
       | leadership questions, no "leet code". There are definitely lots
       | of opportunities from FB, Google, Apple & Amazon for PE roles in
       | Europe so consider looking around. But that all assumes you
       | fundamentally enjoy what you do (not talking structurally, actual
       | system & technical leadership -- the building & shipping part). I
       | work hard at times, but honestly these days I could do most of my
       | job in a couple of hours per workday. I wish you the best.
        
         | xyzzy_plugh wrote:
         | The comp targets are not normally 700k+, it just has happened
         | in the last several years because stocks have appreciated so
         | much. A total comp target of 400-500 is much more common, base
         | should be well over 200k/yr, though.
        
         | throwaway_60757 wrote:
         | I'm much earlier in my career (30s) and just starting to hit
         | the staff level in my midsize tech company.
         | 
         | Do you have any advice for positioning a career to those first
         | tier of jobs over the next ten to twenty years?
        
           | throwawaypren21 wrote:
           | Mine is certainly not the normal path, and there were several
           | significant projects which only peripherally advanced my
           | career, so ymmv (greatly). But I guess my best advice is to
           | find a niche. There are endless numbers of "Java Architect
           | 2"s or whatever in the labor market, but _far_ fewer highly
           | skilled engineers who understand deep business domains. Find
           | your niche. You don 't have to be a manager to develop close
           | relationships with customers/users and understand their pain
           | points. Become seen as invaluable (or at least really hard to
           | replace) by your peers and senior management. And, of course,
           | most engineers are underpaid. In case you've not read it,
           | Patrick's essay is required reading for comp and career
           | development. https://www.kalzumeus.com/2012/01/23/salary-
           | negotiation/ Good luck!
        
             | throwaway_60757 wrote:
             | That makes sense. Thank you for your advice.
        
             | throwawaypren21 wrote:
             | Also worth a read:
             | https://www.kalzumeus.com/2011/10/28/dont-call-yourself-a-
             | pr...
        
       | madrox wrote:
       | I believe the challenge you're seeing has to do with the fact
       | that those jobs are rare and even more rarely offered to
       | outsiders. Principals that report higher in the org are usually
       | people who have been at the company a long time and know as much
       | about how the company likes to do things as they do the tech
       | stack involved. You can probably easily get a job like that, but
       | it would require a less glamorous role on entry and working your
       | way into it by proving your value.
       | 
       | The hardest part I've found being over 40 is mustering the will
       | to prove value. The older I get, the more time I have to spend
       | rebuilding reputation whenever I enter a new company.
       | 
       | I think the best advice I can give is find a company you won't
       | mind being at in 5-8 years so you can really learn how things are
       | done there and can affect change.
        
         | sombremesa wrote:
         | > The older I get, the more time I have to spend rebuilding
         | reputation whenever I enter a new company.
         | 
         | This is very dependent on organizational structure. Some
         | companies re-org so often that you're still "proving your
         | value" several years into your job, whereas other companies
         | will recognize a first class developer on week one just by
         | virtue of their work.
         | 
         | If you want to be at/near the top though, and really have an
         | outsized impact, it's best to start off there. You could be the
         | CTO of a tiny company with big potential.
        
       | BatFastard wrote:
       | I sleep a lot better at night when in a development role than I
       | do as a manager role. Maybe its because I enjoy technical dreams,
       | but I dont enjoy how to deal with troublesome personnel dreams.
       | 
       | So if you love creating stay technical, if you like dealing with
       | management issues take that route.
        
       | HarrisonFisk wrote:
       | The big tech companies (ie. FANG) all have huge demand for
       | principal+ engineers and know how to scope and support them
       | properly. The size means they have lots of them which reduces the
       | snowflake nature of the role and makes career development, salary
       | support, etc... more standardized. Since they are large, there
       | can be some variance, but overall they are a good option if you
       | are interested. I don't know where in EU you are, but most of
       | FANG has roles in EU and some even do remote as well.
       | 
       | Smaller companies tend to want principal engineers in theory, but
       | as you are finding they can often struggle with how to utilize
       | them properly. Often you see them playing a Chief Architect role
       | or something similar which is more hybrid with PM than pure tech.
       | So getting PM skills could help set you up for this direction as
       | well.
       | 
       | Finally, you have said you did management for a bit before, so
       | you should know if this is an interesting path or not. This is a
       | very different role, so I would recommend you do this only if you
       | have the passion and desire to do this full time. Most principal
       | engineers I know have done management for a bit and gained a lot
       | of skills related to it, but ultimately wasn't what they wanted
       | to do.
        
         | notacoward wrote:
         | The problem at the big (especially FAANG) companies is that to
         | be effective you need to _really_ buy in to the company 's tech
         | stack and development ethos. People who were promoted to those
         | roles naturally do; you probably don't. In fact, if you have a
         | lot of experience elsewhere you're likely to have opinions that
         | conflict with the company zeitgeist, and that leads to conflict
         | with its champions. Similarly, effective principal/staff/+ work
         | requires a lot of strong connections to people in many teams,
         | which again tends to favor internal promotions. This is not
         | competition for its own sake. It means that when you're
         | compared to your home-grown peers every review cycle it will be
         | difficult for you to keep up let alone stand out (even for a
         | while after the typical one-year grace period which isn't long
         | enough at this level). This is discouraging, and in some cases
         | can leave you in a permanent bind w.r.t. team trust or
         | possibility of an internal transfer. Many thrive despite all
         | this, but many also end up seeing it as lost time and
         | opportunity. Quite a few end up going back to where they were,
         | while others opt for a smaller company.
         | 
         | P.S. I'd argue that, for all their advantages within the
         | company, those internal promotions are usually _over_
         | promotions. People 's attachment to that tech stack and
         | development ethos, and lack of experience with any other, means
         | there's an even sharper drop in their value going elsewhere
         | than for outsiders coming in.
        
           | bradleyjg wrote:
           | To put a more positive spin on what you are saying, very
           | senior ICs carry the company's technical culture. They have
           | influence in shaping it, but they aren't hired or promoted to
           | buck it. If you want that kind of influence you need to climb
           | the EM ladder up towards VP Engineering or equivalent.
           | However, in that case you don't get to spend 30%, or any,
           | time programming. On the third hand you can go to a start up
           | and wear a ton of hats, but you probably won't get high cash
           | comp.
           | 
           | Life is always about trade offs.
        
             | notacoward wrote:
             | Agreed. There's a lot of opportunity there _if_ people are
             | willing to adapt to local norms, even if that means setting
             | aside past (often hard-won) lessons. Some can. Some can 't.
             | Most don't really know if they can or not until they try.
             | That's all fine, but I do take issue with this.
             | 
             | > you need to climb the EM ladder
             | 
             | No. Many of these companies take pride in being "engineer
             | first" but that's a false claim if engineers are
             | discouraged from challenging the local orthodoxy too much
             | and only high-level execs may do so. It's too easy for
             | territoriality and NIH to set in, or for real progress to
             | be replaced with mere churn. Didn't we learn these lessons
             | with older tech giants like IBM or AT&T or DEC? They had
             | the same pattern of people replacing one internal system
             | with an almost identical one, because reaping credit and
             | promotions that way was easier than fighting for true
             | change. They had the same pattern of people who had learned
             | those habits too well becoming DEs or fellows and using the
             | same "guardians of the culture" excuse to enforce
             | conformity for its own sake. And look where it got them.
             | 
             | Obviously those who wish to challenge the status quo need
             | to balance that with productive work within the existing
             | paradigm, and strong claims require strong evidence (which
             | a VPE is unlikely to have BTW), but that's exactly why
             | there should _not_ be additional barriers. I was not the
             | first or only person at Facebook to observe that the whole
             | thing would come crashing down if not for an ever-changing
             | cast of engineers determined to do the right thing
             | _despite_ the effect they knew it would have on their PSCs.
             | In a true engineer-first culture challenges to the status
             | quo would be encouraged and engaged, but in my experience
             | that wasn 't always the case. Corporate ossification wasn't
             | only a problem for prior generations.
        
               | bradleyjg wrote:
               | EMs are engineers even if you don't respect them because
               | they don't write code anymore. This is different than old
               | school tech companies where managers were businessmen and
               | engineers were thought of similarly to assembly line
               | workers.
               | 
               | The Dilbert dream of no hierarchy ( _vice_ a hierarchy
               | made up of engineers) has never worked beyond small
               | companies.
               | 
               | A truly flat org is communism of corporate cultures---
               | great on paper, a disaster in practice. The dysfunction
               | at these places isn't because they haven't flat org'ed
               | hard enough or because of evil, devious middle management
               | subverting the purity of the system---it's because the
               | idea is bad in the first place.
        
               | notacoward wrote:
               | Let's not turn this into an exercise in moving goalposts
               | and constructing strawmen, OK? I never expressed any
               | disrespect of EMs, nor did I propose a flat
               | organizational structure. You specifically mentioned
               | going up to _Vice President of Engineering_ level, which
               | is quite different than a line EM, and I responded to
               | that. Your absurd invocation of communism aside, that 's
               | _way_ over on the old-fashioned authoritarian
               | /hierarchical end of the organizational spectrum.
        
               | bradleyjg wrote:
               | That's where some decisions should be made. For example,
               | creating a new programming language. The answer is almost
               | always "no, that's a horrible idea" the determination
               | otherwise should be made by the person ultimately
               | responsible for all engineer execution.
        
               | notacoward wrote:
               | > That's where some decisions should be made.
               | 
               |  _Some_ , yes. Look at those goalposts go! Staff
               | engineers are hired to bring skills and knowledge and
               | perspective not already present. All I'm saying is that
               | they should be able to exercise those assets, and all too
               | often that is discouraged. I'm beginning to wonder if
               | your accusation about disrespecting EMs is just
               | projection of your own disrespect for higher-level ICs.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | bradleyjg wrote:
               | From my original reply: "They have influence in shaping
               | it, but they aren't hired or promoted to buck it."
               | 
               | I'm not sure we disagree that much, maybe over where to
               | draw the line, or maybe over how we talk about roughly
               | the same outcomes. I'm content to leave the discussion
               | here. Cheers.
        
               | adamcstephens wrote:
               | If a flat org is communism, what is a top-down org? A
               | dictatorship or authoritarianism?
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | m0zg wrote:
           | > in to the company's tech stack and development ethos
           | 
           | To be fair, at least in Google's case that's not difficult to
           | do, because those technical decisions are grounded in reality
           | and their infra and dev processes are some of the best in the
           | world. And it's not like it used to be that you can't use
           | your knowledge on the outside. The world is largely moving in
           | that direction. In my estimation the rest of the world is now
           | catching up to where Google was 10 years ago.
           | 
           | A bigger problem is activism. You have no choice but to see
           | the most insane, unhinged behavior and rhetoric imaginable on
           | internal social networking website, and that'd irk some,
           | especially older folks who tend to be somewhat more
           | conservative in their views. Nowadays you also don't get to
           | ignore it sometimes (unlike, say, 10 years ago), because some
           | of it is seeping into official company policy. It's
           | unprofessional, and dumb from management standpoint to allow
           | this, but the asylum is run by the insane at FANGs.
        
           | martincmartin wrote:
           | _you need to really buy in to the company 's tech stack and
           | development ethos._
           | 
           | You need to be of the mindset that you're hired to help the
           | company. The company has a certain tech stack and development
           | ethos, so you're hired to help them with that. Just because
           | you know there are better ways to do it, your job is still to
           | help them do it their way.
           | 
           | It can be possible to get them to change development ethos,
           | but this is a big deal and uses a lot of political capital.
           | If you can really convince most people that it's better,
           | you'll be seen as a senior tech leader for sure. But if
           | you're optimizing for the best performance reviews -- in
           | other words, the incentives the company has set for you --
           | then it's usually better just to work within the system.
           | 
           | "To be a leader, you need to have followers." So leadership
           | isn't having the best product, e.g. the way Google is a
           | leader in search. It's more like class elections in high
           | school, it's a popularity contest. Your job is to figure out
           | what people are complaining about or advocating for, and do
           | those. Most likely, everybody is used to the development
           | ethos and just thinks it's the only or obvious way to do
           | things. So nobody is really complaining about it.
        
             | notacoward wrote:
             | > your job is still to help them do it their way
             | 
             | Mostly I agree with everything you say, especially about
             | needing followers before you can lead, but I think this
             | part deserves more discussion. At staff level (if not
             | slightly before), "help the company" and "do it their
             | [historical] way" are often not the same thing. As I said
             | in another sub-thread, at that level you're hired to bring
             | knowledge and skills and perspective that the org doesn't
             | already have (or have enough of). Unlike lower levels,
             | pulling in some direction is _part of the job_ in this
             | case. I think EMs at all levels understand this and often
             | support it quite well. The problem I 've seen is _other
             | high-level engineers_ who never knew anything but the
             | current way and believe that it 's generally the only way
             | (except of course for the one part they personally
             | understand and want to change). This sometimes leads to
             | hiring people and then thwarting their efforts to do what
             | they were hired for.
             | 
             | > uses a lot of political capital > ... > optimizing for
             | the best performance reviews
             | 
             | That's the problem. These two should be aligned. You should
             | reward what you want to see more of, and I think people
             | using their best professional judgment qualifies. Relying
             | on the continual presence of people who will _sacrifice_
             | their own career /financial progress to make needed change
             | (as I mentioned in another sub-thread) is not an effective
             | or ethical strategy. I won't even say whether I believe I'm
             | in that category myself, but I certainly saw other people
             | who got tired of lying down across barbed wire so other
             | people could run past them.
        
           | balaji1 wrote:
           | > Similarly, effective principal/staff/+ work requires a lot
           | of strong connections to people in many teams, which again
           | tends to favor internal promotions.
           | 
           | This might be a smaller factor for doing effective work
           | itself, the number of new faces at all levels at big big
           | companies might offset this. And generally, ppl working under
           | this principal/staff+ engineer usually follow along.
           | 
           | But promotions would require connections to many ppl in many
           | teams.
        
       | GordonS wrote:
       | It sounds like you'd be happy in a role as a "Technical Lead",
       | "Architect", "Cloud Architect", "Application Architect" or
       | "Solution Architect".
       | 
       | These are commonly used job titles for very similar roles, where
       | you're leaning much more towards architecture and design, but
       | some degree of hands on is still a must.
        
       | mavelikara wrote:
       | > my borders and carrier are defined by Engineer Managers, who
       | are usually less experienced in engineering and leadership topics
       | than I am.
       | 
       | Why is reporting to someone less experienced than you
       | undesirable?
        
         | dcow wrote:
         | The power inversion doesn't work out. They wield the power but
         | you wield the knowledge and experience. It's a constant battle
         | trying to get them to take you seriously. You might as well
         | just do it yourself. Instead, report to a VP or director. They
         | may not listen all the time but that's their domain. And
         | because you report that way, the other managers are more likely
         | to listen because you are on the same tier. Plus you get a hard
         | separation so the inexperienced managers don't boss you around
         | and you can work on work on what you need to. Some dorectors
         | like having an engineer or 5 in the pocket. It doesn't always
         | work this way but that's my general impression.
        
           | mavelikara wrote:
           | When senior engineers adopt this attitude, they are
           | implicitly supporting aegism. Younger engineering managers
           | are forced into a position where they have to pass on resumes
           | of older engineers. Damned if they do, damned if they don't!
        
             | epicureanideal wrote:
             | Only if the young manager is planning on resisting all the
             | advice shared by the more experienced engineer.
        
               | mavelikara wrote:
               | No. That is not how I read this thread. My understanding
               | is that the _possibility_ of the young manager rejecting
               | advice is enough for older engineers to not consider
               | positions reporting to those managers.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | tigerlily wrote:
       | Friend, it's time for you to find a business partner and become a
       | founder.
        
       | RickJWagner wrote:
       | I decided early on to stay on the technical track. I had mentors
       | who sampled the management waters and explained the pros and
       | cons. For me, a long-term technical track was the better choice.
       | 
       | If you stay technical, work on 'building the brand' and team-
       | building skills. You can't be the 'super tech' worth the huge
       | paycheck-- nobody is that good. Period. It's the team builders
       | that get big things done.
       | 
       | So write some Call for Papers submissions, work on giving great
       | technical presentations, and look for any way to add value to
       | your projects. (Many of these will involve gathering and
       | rendering metrics. Look for valuable metrics nobody is
       | reporting!)
       | 
       | Good Luck. As you grow out of the 'IC' role, you will have to
       | find new ways to get job satisfaction. They are out there-- just
       | different than 'working code' all the time.
        
       | dominotw wrote:
       | > I want to work hard, and see meaningful progression: in salary,
       | in impact, in respect.
       | 
       | yes go for EM-> senior EM -> director.
       | 
       | Coding has no minimal respect, very limited impact and deadend
       | salary progression.
        
         | PUSH_AX wrote:
         | > Coding has no minimal respect, very limited impact and
         | deadend salary progression.
         | 
         | Let me know where you've worked so I can avoid these places.
         | I've worked for plenty of orgs where tech and those in tech add
         | massive value and impact and therefore are held in high regard.
        
         | creamytaco wrote:
         | I was making, on average, 600k a year at Google, 5 years ago. I
         | hear it's a lot better these days.
         | 
         | The "deadend salary progression" allowed me to retire at 40.
        
       | yusufaytas wrote:
       | The harsh reality of staff/principal engineering positions is the
       | number of opportunities. There are a handful of companies that
       | are big enough to have roles beyond senior engineers. In those
       | big corporations, there are a few roles available and they are
       | rarely open. Therefore, moving from one company to another is
       | just so damn hard. There are more senior manager/director level
       | roles than a principal engineering role where you oversee
       | multiple teams or a department. If you want to make it to
       | management, your best bet might be your own company or a startup.
       | Happy to hear about your findings.
        
         | md_ wrote:
         | I see quite a lot of recruiting for staff/senior-staff/pricipal
         | roles, both within FAANG and without. It's a bit harder to know
         | what this actually means outside of FAANG, but my (very first)
         | impression is that plenty of midsize companies have roughly
         | similar positions to the better known FAANG staff+ roles.
        
       | indymike wrote:
       | > I will primarily use more my skills in architecture,
       | engineering, and communications to focus on large, important
       | pieces of functionality, technical decisions with big impact,
       | etc.
       | 
       | You are at the level where the choice is either become a
       | technical expert, or become a leader. If you want to become a
       | leader, you'll need to put the same effort into your people
       | skills you've put into your technical skills. You'll also need to
       | increase your visibility to non-technical leaders.
        
       | rlonn wrote:
       | 41?
        
       | gorgoiler wrote:
       | As an experienced report you can help your junior eng manager
       | grow. When you're being hired at staff eng level -- a role partly
       | defined as being a _model employee_ -- this should be made
       | explicit as an expectation by your skip-level and /or CTO.
       | 
       | You should be the best possible direct report, one that helps
       | your eng manager learn in the best possible way and which sets an
       | example to the more junior ICs in your team and org. You'll
       | probably begin at the very beginning, by letting them close the
       | most senior hire of their career to date, as a hiring manager.
       | 
       | The flip side: this is largely useless in a big org. The flip
       | flip side is that it is invaluable in a high growth environment.
        
       | seanwilson wrote:
       | Why not contracting/consulting? Or starting your own
       | startup/project? You can focus on the tech and role you want,
       | have minimal meetings, avoid office politics, work the way you
       | want, and define your own path. I understand salaried positions
       | have distinct pros though.
        
         | gfodor wrote:
         | Contracting dials engineering work all the way up on some
         | things but all the way down on others. You're basically a hired
         | gun. If you consider building software a creative pursuit you
         | want to be connected to personally, and working on teams to be
         | at least partially about teamwork and camaraderie, you lose
         | most of these kinds of dynamics being a full time contractor.
         | It was a surprising moment for me when I did this for the first
         | time when on launch day my boss gave me zero credit for the
         | work and showered public praise on my employee peers. Of
         | course, I was paid well, but part of the cost of being paid so
         | well is being seen, by nearly everyone, more as an expensive
         | machine that writes code than a team mate.
        
           | seanwilson wrote:
           | > If you consider building software a creative pursuit you
           | want to be connected to personally
           | 
           | You mean you think this isn't possible while contracting?
           | 
           | > my boss gave me zero credit for the work
           | 
           | > being seen, by nearly everyone, more as an expensive
           | machine that writes code than a team mate.
           | 
           | It really depends where you work and who your client/boss is
           | I think, the same as if you're an employee. I've had
           | contracts where they want you to be part of the team and
           | others where you're kept outside too.
        
       | ceautery wrote:
       | A pattern I've seen a lot of is people joining a young startup as
       | the founding engineer, and then move to an engineering director
       | role once the company gets a good round of funding. Eventually
       | the startup will push them out, where they'll either turn a side
       | project into a business, or make a lateral move as an engineering
       | director somewhere bigger.
       | 
       | I chose to keep being a software writer, and lean into mentoring.
       | I'm 50, and don't have trouble with respect or salary. I don't
       | know European employment law, but over in the states it's common
       | for higher performing devs to shop their skills around every
       | couple of years to find a better salary.
        
         | barefeg wrote:
         | Why do they push the founding engineer out?
        
           | ceautery wrote:
           | I don't think it's planned, it's just how things tend to turn
           | out. At least for the three startups I've worked with.
           | 
           | If you're really good at cranking out code before your
           | fledgling company runs out of money, that doesn't necessarily
           | mean you're good at people management or leading. At a
           | certain size, your company is going to need those skills
           | more, and won't want to keep someone around at a C-level
           | salary who's just slinging code.
           | 
           | The founding eng directors I've met all separated for
           | different reasons. One took a buyout after the company was
           | purchased, another had a side business that became profitable
           | and helped find his own replacement, and the last one had his
           | role downgraded when the company hired a CTO, and just got
           | another job.
        
           | convolvatron wrote:
           | often its because the founder has a very different picture of
           | why the company was founded and where it should be headed
           | than the new vc-installed management.
           | 
           | its very much 'we love your passion' until its 'turn it down,
           | we're trying to make money here'
        
         | voakbasda wrote:
         | I just described that very arc to my partner as one possible
         | new direction to take my career. I have 30 years full stack
         | experience with embedded systems, and I am at a point where I
         | want to look for founding engineer positions. If my team grew
         | bigger than I could manage myself (while still being able to
         | keep my hands in the code), I would happily step down to an
         | engineering director role. In the improbable event that it was
         | wildly successful, I would want leave before things scaled too
         | far... only to repeat the cycle again somewhere else.
        
       | mbtmbt wrote:
       | Are you interested in Meta / Facebook / WhatsApp? We have exactly
       | the roles you are looking for.
        
       | ibains wrote:
       | Our US based startup has engineering in India (20 engineers) and
       | the biggest challenge is finding engineering leadership.
       | 
       | It is hard to hire in the bay area, especially leaders who have
       | experience shipping high quality products (systems), so we built
       | the team in India.
       | 
       | Many young companies like us struggle since a lot of the talent
       | (definitely in the bay area) is locked up in the Faangs where
       | poor fiscal/monetary policy in the US has inflated stock part of
       | the compensation so much, that it makes no sense to leave.
       | 
       | So it is hard find principal engineers to do great work because
       | they choose to go to large companies and get poor work for money.
       | 
       | The bar is high for us though, we'd look for engineers with
       | specialized skills (compiler, database internals) and leadership
       | on complex products. The middle is the dead zone (engineers with
       | N years of experience wiring apps)
       | 
       | Not sure about the European market, but maybe you can try to go
       | to a smaller company?
        
         | marcinzm wrote:
         | Post COVID there's basically no reason to hire only in the Bay
         | Area unless you work on hardware. Also, in my experience the
         | issue with hiring managers is that they better know what to
         | look out for in terms of bad upper management. The vast
         | majority of startups have bad upper management in terms of
         | actual management and company leadership skills. I've got less
         | than 0 desire to work for a 25 year CEO who thinks they're the
         | next Steve Jobs.
        
           | mixmastamyk wrote:
           | Can we leave it at poor management? I don't think the
           | "reverse ageist" jab was constructive.
        
             | marcinzm wrote:
             | It's not ageism, it's amount of experience. Age simply
             | provides a cap on how much experience you could possibly
             | have. Or do you believe that managers and leaders gain
             | nothing from practicing their craft longer and in a wider
             | variety of situations?
        
               | mixmastamyk wrote:
               | Ya sound bitter.
        
         | hungryforcodes wrote:
         | I find this alot. I'm 40 -- say -- and I've been applying for
         | engineering positions and get alot of "you'd be great for
         | engineering manager and or senior x,y and z -- would you do
         | that instead?". The general trend I see at the moment seems to
         | be that companies have staff, but lack experienced leadership
         | that can deliver products. I have a couple of patents and have
         | delivered some products and this seems to make the difference.
        
         | dilyevsky wrote:
         | What makes you think the work is worse in fang vs some average
         | startup? I find the opposite to be true in general case - lots
         | of small companies out there don't care about actual tech.
         | 
         | > Many young companies like us struggle since a lot of the
         | talent (definitely in the bay area) is locked up in the Faangs
         | where poor fiscal/monetary policy in the US has inflated stock
         | part of the compensation so much, that it makes no sense to
         | leave.
         | 
         | This is just patently not true. Netflix is just one examples
         | and there are many more. You just want top shelf talent at
         | bottom shelf prices. If young companies struggle to hire the
         | reason is they underpay cash or equity and just refuse to
         | accept that simple fact.
        
       | cebert wrote:
       | Thanks for posting this question. I'm interested to see what
       | responses you get here.
       | 
       | I'm a little younger than you (35), but can see a similar
       | situation nearing for me soon. I've gone as high as I can at my
       | current company as an individual contributor. I also was a team
       | lead for a year with four direct reports. I love coding and
       | building things, but I'm really starting to think I need to start
       | making the transition into management or technical strategic
       | leadership before I'm viewed as being too old to be an engineer.
       | I have good social skills, enjoy public speaking, and get along
       | with a wide range of personalities, so this transition wouldn't
       | be too uncomfortable for me. I can always code or do side
       | projects on my own time.
        
         | rubicon33 wrote:
         | Isn't a team lead a management position?
        
           | bckr wrote:
           | It's in the IC path. The teams being led will have some
           | number of people-managers attached to them.
        
       | ozim wrote:
       | I think after you are 35 you don't want to see progression in
       | salary but in life quality.
       | 
       | Of course unless you were terribly underpaid or you spent all the
       | money on whatever...
       | 
       | I am going to be 35 this year and I was working on FIRE - while I
       | cannot really drop the job for the rest of my life. I think I
       | have enough, like flat with no mortgage in quite OK place so I
       | don't have to spend most of my salary on renting. Now I am
       | looking into cutting my hours, because with my current rate
       | working 4 days I still could save money.
       | 
       | I will probably stick with current company as long as possible
       | because I hate interviews and then if I will have to I will take
       | whatever job will be there if things go south.
       | 
       | But that is me I like low fuss life, keep it small and steady.
       | Happy that I can get some beers over the weekend and play with
       | some raspberry PI. No need to get a sports car at all :)
        
         | Silhouette wrote:
         | _I think after you are 35 you don 't want to see progression in
         | salary but in life quality._
         | 
         | As someone in that age bracket, but not working in the big US
         | tech bubble we often discuss on HN, I don't entirely agree. I
         | have other commitments now that I didn't have in my 20s, things
         | that can cost a lot more money, yet which have improved my
         | quality of life greatly and are of immense value to me.
         | 
         | For a 35+ year old developer here in the UK, even a good one,
         | if they're still working most as a hands-on employee they will
         | probably have spent the majority of their career earning a
         | salary that is above average by UK standards but less in TC
         | than a new grad with zero experience would get at a FAANG in a
         | US tech centre from day one. Almost no-one with that kind of
         | role has been earning FU money here, and we're still doing
         | better than most of the world outside the US. For a long time,
         | if you wanted more you either went freelance or started your
         | own "real" business.
         | 
         | Today that situation is changing, slowly. Upward pressure from
         | the crazy amounts of money in the industry both in the US and
         | increasingly in other places as well, combined with demand for
         | decent developers outstripping supply, means salaries that were
         | almost unthinkable even five years ago are starting to become
         | viable and a whole scale of technical roles above "senior" is
         | starting to appear at larger companies. We're still nowhere
         | near US levels, but someone recently asked me whether I'd
         | consider taking on what we might call a senior staff or
         | principal level role at a UK-based tech company where I'd been
         | consulting, and the kind of salary they were asking about was
         | at least 3x where the salary ceiling was for most UK developers
         | just a few years ago (which many of those developers would have
         | hit well before the 10 year mark).
         | 
         | So while the argument above might work in parts of the industry
         | in the US it's not necessarily the case in other parts of the
         | world, where new options have been opening up for highly
         | experienced developers in recent years that could break through
         | a long-standing ceiling and make a huge difference financially.
        
       | linspace wrote:
       | Congratulations, you have completed the game. Now you are asking
       | for easter eggs, hidden maps and how to unlock the next
       | difficulty level.
       | 
       | My advice as someone in a similar life phase is to play something
       | different. I understand you want money but all that chatter about
       | roles, levels,... It bores me to death, which by the way is not
       | that far. Pick something you actually like because most probably
       | you are not going to get much further.
        
       | alchemism wrote:
       | > you are limited to the scope of a single team scope, report to
       | an Engineering manager, just be a worker at a feature conveyor
       | </snip>
       | 
       | I am in your age demographic. My current title is simply
       | 'Engineer' without modifiers, but in the business hierarchy I am
       | on the same line as VPs, so I interact with them as peers; and
       | they are. The Directors, Managers, etc. that report up to my
       | peers do not take orders from me, but I can override their
       | decisions on concrete technical matters.
       | 
       | What I've found is that in a non-startup (ie corporate)
       | environment your row in the org chart determines your level of
       | agency, not the title as it appears in your HR file.
        
       | lr4444lr wrote:
       | I am near the 40 mark, and have never managed anybody by my own
       | choice. Have mentored several. I have no interest in a managerial
       | track, nor in being paid to do things that are not related to
       | code, data quality, or other high value business needs. I have
       | designed some very important systems and processes but shy away
       | from calling myself an "architect". I have been the chief tech
       | liaison with multiple partners, my bosses relying on me to not
       | only code, but also set expectations and meet partners' business
       | goals while protecting our own interests. I love hearing hearing
       | about "new" frameworks and concepts from the young 'uns, and will
       | use them if the team's vote is to adopt them (sometimes despite
       | my opinion), even though half of them at least turn out to be
       | short lived. It's all good. Sometimes I am pleasantly wrong and
       | learn new ways of doing things.
       | 
       | My point is, I worry less about my "career goals" and spend my
       | time learning about my employers and how to produce high value
       | for them, whatever form that takes. I have never worried about or
       | feared for my job.
        
         | msoad wrote:
         | This attitude works only if your team is not toxic and others
         | in your team are not taking credit for the work.
         | 
         | In my company, if I try to do a lot of work it will backfire. I
         | will out that my work is being celebrated by some no-talent PM
         | and promoted by my sneaky manager without my knowledge. They
         | then bring in all the "high priority" issues from "the top" to
         | me to fix.
         | 
         | I learned that those people don't understand how software is
         | built so I'm just coasting and doing the absolute minimum. Less
         | credit stealing and less high priority feature requests from
         | the top.
         | 
         | I still get Exceeded Expectations rating every year. Because I
         | pretend my work is so difficult and takes so much time...
        
           | stjohnswarts wrote:
           | The only meetings I usually call are to discuss cool things
           | I've added to the code base and I make damn sure management
           | is in on the invite. Leave a paper trail, never be shy about
           | letting people know what you've done.
        
           | lr4444lr wrote:
           | I get it. There are definitely bad companies to work for. But
           | there's a difference between working at a company where
           | things are fundamentally just for value producers even though
           | there are some bad actors who can't be removed, and a company
           | that is ultimately spiraling downward because there's no
           | capable leadership at the top to keep people focused on what
           | really matters to the business.
           | 
           | I'm not saying to subject yourself to torture: just recognize
           | every day how you can actually deliver value for other people
           | and the bottom line, and do it. Even if you're not getting
           | credit, suggest to a higher up that you might not be able to
           | do X effectively anymore because Z is in your way, and see
           | how fast things change. It is a big difference if "X" is
           | "deliver the feature we promised the 500K client" or "get the
           | nightly report automated on time" than if it's "rebalance the
           | cluster" or "streamline the CI pipeline".
        
           | mixmastamyk wrote:
           | Put "Project X by msoad" in the header. ;-)
        
         | raffraffraff wrote:
         | My situation is similar, except I'm mid 40s and more on the
         | infrastructure side. I'm on a 6 month break from work, and have
         | zero worries about finding my next job. I don't care about
         | titles. I have no particular career goal. I just want to do
         | interesting work and get good pay and benefits.
        
       | arewenotmen wrote:
       | I'm a 'Principal Software Engineer' - to the extent that inter-
       | org comparisons work, this is what a lot of places call 'Staff'.
       | I'm in my late 30s and I work in the UK for the BBC. I'm embedded
       | in a product team.
       | 
       | I think lack of definition, or the perspective that an advertised
       | role is just senior+ software engineer, is probably fairly
       | normal. Unsurprisingly employers do a bad job of describing
       | something that ideally ought to be flexible and self-directed.
       | Our ads would probably look a bit like this too, but the jobs
       | themselves are varied. The question should be whether you can
       | actually do what you see fit, in role. You will need to explore
       | each specific opportunity to try and fathom this.
       | 
       | I think you could do with some of that flexibility yourself
       | though. You have quite a specific ask (who you would report to
       | etc) and I don't think all of it is material to enjoyment. Given
       | that your other options are doing something that is specifically
       | *not* what you describe, like line management or product, I think
       | you should ask yourself what you're willing to compromise on here
       | in order to be happy.
       | 
       | I know you're talking about your ideals but it also seems to me
       | to be a rigid (and may I say somewhat cynical) idea of what value
       | you might bring or be able to bring. Try thinking about it as
       | more responsive to a problem space with an element of self-
       | development. I feel like at present, if you talked about it on
       | these terms with an employer, you're presenting them with a set
       | of assertions and constraints - 'I want to do architecture
       | whether you like it or not, I will not do mentoring'. My role has
       | presented me with new aspects which I didn't know I liked, and
       | it's helped me develop as a leader and particularly an empathetic
       | leader.
       | 
       | My job is mostly about figuring out how I can provide the most
       | value right now, and then doing that, and it's constantly
       | morphing. When I started, I decided the best use of my time was
       | firefighting and putting a neglected house in order with some big
       | technical rework pieces. Now we have a junior-heavy team and
       | until we have a critical mass of seniority, it's mostly skilling
       | them up. There's lots of strategy and a little architecture too
       | but there's only so many hours in the day.
       | 
       | I like my job a great deal. I keep doing this line of work
       | because I like engineering, problem solving by whatever means,
       | improving the engineering culture, and helping people. You could
       | have this too if that's what you want - don't let your own
       | barriers and conditions prevent it.
       | 
       | Can't help you with compensation though - I definitely don't make
       | a huge amount of money. Doesn't really bother me.
        
       | slickrick216 wrote:
       | They take you out the back and shoot you.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/RTnG3pCiP7s
        
       | StreamBright wrote:
       | Creating your own consultancy is one way out of this. Hiring few
       | junior devs and mentor them to become good at what they do is
       | pretty rewarding both in revenue and your social impact.
        
         | mooreds wrote:
         | Came here to say this.
         | 
         | You have the skills to consult. Pick an area that:
         | * you feel is likely to grow        * you like        * you are
         | good at        * you feel is underserved
         | 
         | and start writing and speaking about that (even at a local
         | meetup). After a month or two, reach out to former colleagues
         | who might have the problem you want to solve and ask if they
         | know anyone who does.
         | 
         | Hiring junior devs will give you the opportunity to mentor but
         | may force you to wear your sales and/or PM hat more than you'd
         | like. You can start down this path by subcontracting and see
         | how it feels.
        
       | paulsutter wrote:
       | Develop leadership skills if you want the the role you describe
       | below. That can't be granted in a promotion and doesn't happen
       | automatically with age
       | 
       | > My expectations for the roles like Staff / Principal Engineer
       | are that while staying hands-on, say for 30%, I will primarily
       | use more my skills in architecture, engineering, and
       | communications to focus on large, important pieces of
       | functionality, technical decisions with big impact, etc. I expect
       | that I would report to a Director or VP level manager, so that I
       | could be exposed to a big picture, collaborate with and learn
       | from a professional who operated on strategic level
        
       | CodeGlitch wrote:
       | Having reached 40 and living through the pandemic, my priorities
       | have changed from trying to climb the greasy ladder to ensuring
       | I'm doing work I enjoy, and having a good work/life balance. I
       | have people far younger than me who have been promoted above me,
       | but seem to constantly annoyed by the type of work they have to
       | do. Constant meetings being one of them.
       | 
       | I know I'm underpaid for my experience and skills, but I try and
       | be a leader in my field, and try a train as much as possible. As
       | others have said here, the extra time I have at home gives me the
       | energy to work on other projects (hobby, etc).
        
       | emerged wrote:
       | I turned 40 recently and have gone the route of very flexible
       | employment (~16 hrs per week remote) at Sr software engineer
       | salary. This gives me the freedom to do basically anything I want
       | for more than half the day with very low stress. For the past
       | decade nobody at my several places of employment has had reason
       | to know how few hours I work because I'm always the top
       | performer.
       | 
       | I'm intending now to build software outside of the day job until
       | I'm bootstrapped into doing that full time. I feel this is a
       | setup which absorbs risk while giving both future opportunity and
       | a high quality of life in the meanwhile.
       | 
       | I'm tempted at times to go for some super high paid position
       | which I'm very qualified for, but it always comes back to a
       | preference for near total freedom to live my life.
        
         | kilroy123 wrote:
         | How do you get away with working so little? You don't have
         | meetings? Or people pinging you during the day?
        
           | xwdv wrote:
           | 1) Finish your work 2) get a job that doesn't require tons of
           | meetings 3) use slack on your phone
           | 
           | If you meet these requirements you can cut out all the
           | bullshit from your day and just focus on the meaty part that
           | you actually get paid for.
        
             | brundolf wrote:
             | Be careful about doing personal work in those extra hours
             | though. Personally I wouldn't risk it.
             | 
             | As an alternative, I know some companies will let you
             | voluntarily cut down your hours in exchange for a pay cut.
             | With tech salaries being what they are, you could make a
             | comfortable living while only working half-time in many
             | cases. And that way you don't have to worry about what
             | legally counts as "on company time".
        
               | xwdv wrote:
               | As a remote worker they have zero way of knowing what I'm
               | doing when I'm not working.
               | 
               | Doesn't even matter anyway, I'm no longer at an age where
               | I fantasize about making big money from building
               | pointless side projects. It's kind of juvenile to think
               | these sort of half-serious side hustles will ever be
               | anything more than a waste of time in the long run. I'm
               | content with drawing a big six-figure tech salary with as
               | little effort as possible and funneling cash into my
               | growing portfolio of investments, which is what will
               | actually make me richer without going through the
               | bullshit of starting a company and providing customer
               | support. Reading up on companies and analyzing which ones
               | will be the best investments is actually something I
               | enjoy doing.
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | I'd like to hear more about people who have officially
               | cut down their hours for pay cut at what sorts of
               | companies, and how they negotiated it!
        
               | samvher wrote:
               | I work Mon-Wed at 60% pay. I built some key
               | infrastructure for the organization I work for, which
               | gives me some leverage. I basically just told them this
               | is how I want things from now on and that was ok. I'm not
               | at MAANG level compensation though (more like European
               | public sector).
        
               | emerged wrote:
               | There is some risk there, although California has pretty
               | favorable laws to protect you. I wouldn't work on any
               | project which is even tangentially related to the day job
               | or touch any company resources while working on side
               | projects. I'd also never sacrifice my performance at the
               | W-2 for side work. They get absolute priority.
               | 
               | Work in good faith and read up on your rights, but yea
               | even with all that you could unwittingly get yourself in
               | some form of trouble. I've weighed the risks and feel
               | comfortable but YMMV.
        
               | brundolf wrote:
               | Varies widely by state; in Texas I had to fight and turn
               | down offers to even get a contract that would give me
               | full rights to the stuff outside of work-hours. So I'm
               | not going to toe that line.
        
               | jmatthews wrote:
               | enforcing even a basic non-compete in Texas is roughly
               | impossible unless you steal existing clients or IP.
        
               | emerged wrote:
               | In your shoes I'd be working remotely for a California
               | company from Texas because the labor laws from California
               | will apply to you. It's not a choice for me, but I'd love
               | that.
        
           | emerged wrote:
           | Extremely strict time management and focus. If I go upstairs
           | to put in a load of laundry, that's a 5 minute time slot I
           | put back into my work time slots. The vast majority of people
           | are very inefficient with time management, spend tons of time
           | bike shedding, etc.
        
             | Jcampuzano2 wrote:
             | I usually have a minimum of 15-20 hours a week JUST with
             | meetings. And I can't just tell people I refuse to go to
             | these. And then I also have my own tasks to do.
             | 
             | I really have no clue how many people I see claim working
             | 15 hrs total a week when that's already the absolute bare
             | minimum for me.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | zackmorris wrote:
         | I was going to write a top-level comment, but yours hit the
         | nail on the head. For me, the biggest change after hitting 40
         | is that I can establish boundaries now.
         | 
         | I'm currently at 30 hours per week, 3 days in office and 1-2 at
         | home. We hear a lot about F-U money, but not an F-U approach to
         | making it happen. I feel that reclaiming 1 day per week for our
         | personal development projects in one of the first pillars of
         | F-U money. I'm only working now so that eventually I won't have
         | to work for money, so that I can begin the real work of
         | building an automated solarpunk future.
         | 
         | I spent most of my 20s and 30s practically killing myself for
         | projects, either at work or independently. When I hit 40, my
         | health crashed and I went through the worst burnout of my life
         | for the year of 2019, before COVID-19 in 2020. It felt like the
         | part of my brain that handles problem solving and decision
         | making died. So I lost almost all executive function and could
         | barely get out of bed. I had to relearn how to make todo lists
         | and strategize, and rebuild my resilience.
         | 
         | Turns out that I had developed food sensitivities to the
         | staples I had been eating, specifically Mexican food (my
         | favorite) and dairy. When the immune system becomes sensitized
         | to certain foods, it disrupts serotonin, which can lead to
         | depression. Diets high in legumes and nightshades, without
         | supplementation (B vitamins, minerals, fiber, probiotics,
         | yogurt, etc), are higher risk because of how the anti-nutrients
         | in them bind to the vitamins and minerals we need. I think this
         | is where the stigma around vegetarianism and veganism comes
         | from, but I digress.
         | 
         | Anyway, I discovered ADHD and autism TikTok and went through a
         | healing and growth process the last 2-3 years, like a lot of
         | you I imagine. Which mostly involves shadow work and addressing
         | the low hanging fruit like diet, meditation, inner monologue,
         | etc.
         | 
         | Now I see the healing and growth that the world needs to do,
         | which it has not done, because powerful forces work tirelessly
         | to prevent it and maintain the status quo.
         | 
         | My point with all of this is, there can be anxiety with
         | breaking the 40 barrier. I think it's helpful to flip the
         | mindset from "I'm anxious about this" to "I'm excited about
         | this". The body and mind can't tell the difference, because
         | they are strongly rooted in this reality. But our higher selves
         | can observe and nurture, transmuting negative energy into
         | positive energy over time.
         | 
         | I've found that after 40, I have much deeper wells of assistive
         | energy and empathy. I've come to understand that we're all one.
         | So now I see zero-sum games and people scrambling for a piece
         | of the pie, which is mostly a waste of time and even kind of
         | embarrassing to witness in these times. Better to think more
         | broadly. Not so much "how will I make it through this", but
         | more "what can I do to help" and start there.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | > Diets high in legumes and nightshades, without
           | supplementation (B vitamins, minerals, fiber, probiotics,
           | yogurt, etc), are higher risk because of how the anti-
           | nutrients in them bind to the vitamins and minerals we need.
           | 
           | Half doubting, half curious: do you have more information on
           | this?
        
           | jmatthews wrote:
           | solar punk is a new term for me, I should have intuited it
           | but yeah. Good stuff.
        
         | jrochkind1 wrote:
         | Are you saying your employer is not aware you work 16 hours a
         | week?
        
           | gitfan86 wrote:
           | I've done this for most of my career. Put in between 5-35
           | hours a week depending on what came up and still achieved
           | "top performer". I also like the time and freedom. I think it
           | would be hard to do this at a FAANG.
        
         | danbmil99 wrote:
         | This reminds me of a slide I saw at some talk. It was presented
         | as a totem pole, and your goal is to move up on the pole. It
         | was called the "TKVP Totem Pole", from bottom to top:
         | 
         | Vision
         | 
         | Product
         | 
         | Knowledge
         | 
         | Time
         | 
         | What do you get paid for on this stack? IF you are selling your
         | time by the hour (and billing honestly) you are at the bottom
         | of the pole -- T.
         | 
         | The next step up is to be paid more for your knowledge (wisdom,
         | expertise) than for your time.
         | 
         | P is for product: at this point, we are talking about a
         | startup, rather than a role at a company. At the base of
         | things, most viable startups grow out of the experience of
         | spending time and applying knowledge to customer's problems.
         | When you find yourself (say as a consultant, or even job-
         | hopping every 1.5 years) solving the same puzzles again and
         | again, you might start to think about automating,
         | consolidating, productizing these patterns and selling them to
         | customers as a product or service. Even an IC at a FAANG can do
         | this by, for example, convincing their manager to open-source
         | useful utilities. Guess what -- now you can re-use that code at
         | your next job!
         | 
         | At the top of the totem pole is Vision. That is where (as a
         | startup founder) you sell the vision of what your
         | product/service could become, if you had some rocket fuel in
         | the form of capital and networking support.
         | 
         | Of course this climb is not for everyone to take solo. As a
         | talented IC, you may decide that instead of the safety of a
         | FAANG job, you might consider throwing your chips in with a
         | startup that has ascended this ladder to somewhere between P
         | and V. Just make sure you get an equity package that fairly
         | compensates you for the career risk you are taking.
        
           | Silhouette wrote:
           | That's an interesting perspective but I suspect it fits
           | reality better if the P and V levels are in moonshot startup
           | territory. If you have the skills and knowledge to be
           | successful at those levels, your product/vision is something
           | good, but you're operating in a smaller market without huge
           | amounts of investment funding, you might still make more
           | money and sometimes exert more influence being at level K but
           | working with clients who are already established in larger
           | markets and in need of wiser and more knowledgeable input to
           | grow further. Think of a rapid growth scale-up where most of
           | the technical staff are relatively inexperienced or a
           | multinational spinning up a new division that wants to build
           | a solid foundation for its next big thing. The right
           | technical advice and strategic leadership can be worth a
           | fortune in that kind of environment.
        
         | msoad wrote:
         | I'm at Staff level and work about this much. Pay is great too!
         | I'm just so freaking bored. Bootstrapping something on my own
         | sounds good actually, maybe I should try that.
        
       | daxfohl wrote:
       | Given role titles, it sounds like you are at Google and
       | interviewing at Microsoft. In my experience, Microsoft is more
       | aggressive at pushing you into management. Google seems to have
       | more opportunity and culture of people working in a purely
       | technical capacity to at least L7. At Microsoft, it felt much
       | more like 65 was the glass ceiling. On the flip side, it also
       | felt like managers at Microsoft were more involved in the
       | technical decisions.
       | 
       | This was my experience anyway. Others may have seen things
       | differently.
        
       | dbrueck wrote:
       | I'm mid-40's, and at every medium-to-large company I have worked
       | at, each promotion == more meetings, more bureaucracy, and less
       | coding. Developing software is where the fun is, so for me the
       | best route has been working at very small startups.
       | 
       | Essentially no meetings and I design and build stuff all day
       | every day and it's great.
        
         | city41 wrote:
         | I'm also mid forties and am in a similar boat and mindset. I
         | also just want to build things. I have found whenever I talk
         | with a company about possibly working there, they are
         | considering me for hands off architecture/leadership roles
         | which I could do but don't prefer. My solution so far has been
         | freelancing, which has been working well. I can also see myself
         | heading towards startups for similar reasons.
        
           | datavirtue wrote:
           | This. I joined a senior-only contracting firm. I'm leaving a
           | big client to go to a startup client. My choice. All I do is
           | build things. FTEs eat all the shit and suffer the meetings.
           | I do not.
        
         | stjohnswarts wrote:
         | This is the path I've chosen. I don't want to control other
         | people, just myself and my code. Sure I don't make as much as a
         | manager but I'm a simple man with simple needs. I mostly
         | consult and rarely have any issue with finding new work after
         | the old contract is up.
        
         | indogooner wrote:
         | Yes this is one way bu the salary gap is too huge and most
         | startups when they start growing start hitting same problems.
         | There may be handful with top class leaders who are better but
         | from my limited experience they have been very rare or may be
         | my network is too small.
        
           | city41 wrote:
           | If salary is important to you as you get more senior, then
           | you need to play the mainstream game. Which mostly means
           | going into management, architecture, consulting, etc. For
           | those of us who don't really want to go down that route, I
           | think sacrificing salary is a common concession you need to
           | make.
        
             | WJW wrote:
             | For me, getting better at managing my personal finances
             | made a huge difference. It is way more feasible to do
             | things you like while sacrificing (some) salary if you have
             | managed to build up a nest egg. It doesn't even have to be
             | a lot of financial skills, even just the concept of "wealth
             | is cumulative money in minus cumulative money out, so if
             | you spend as much as you earn you'll never get richer" is
             | very useful to internalize.
        
               | Syonyk wrote:
               | The best thing you can do is work out the concept of
               | "enough" and "satisfaction with what you have."
               | 
               | I've watched far, far too many well paid tech workers
               | over the years just go down the road of "Oh, my paycheck
               | is larger, so I can afford this [insert luxury item
               | here]." Cars and houses are the big road to ruin.
               | 
               | You get a taste for $1.5M houses, and $150k+ cars,
               | well... you're going to be working the rest of your life.
               | Figure out early on that a cheaper house (exact value
               | depends on the area) and a $20k car get you around just
               | as well for a lot less money, and you can go far.
               | 
               | An awful lot of industries exist by trying to convince
               | you that enough isn't enough. You _deserve_ better. You
               | have to buy the new one every year... because! Etc.
               | 
               | And it's nonsense, but it's both very profitable to them
               | and a great way to drain out your money without ever
               | realizing where it goes.
               | 
               | Get a grip on all that stuff early, and it helps a ton.
               | I've made tech worker money for many years of my life,
               | and have a 9 year old car, a 24 year old truck, and a
               | range of esoteric and cantankerous motorcycles, the
               | newest of which is around 8. They all do their jobs just
               | fine - we just did a long road trip (2500 miles) in the
               | car (Chevy Volt) with zero issues.
               | 
               | I mean, sure, I could get loans for $100k class cars,
               | but... why? What do they do that my current stuff won't?
               | Well, phantom brake, apparently...
        
               | eclipxe wrote:
               | The quality of life difference Autopilot makes is worth
               | $100k+ (though you don't need to spend that much anymore
               | with the Y/3). Your dig at the end about phantom braking
               | is kinda interesting, but I think you are underestimating
               | how much of a different Autopilot truly makes.
        
               | Syonyk wrote:
               | I just drove 2500 miles over a week and a half with
               | nothing fancier than cruise control in terms of
               | automation - though I will admit, it's the _fancy_ cruise
               | control where I can tick the set speed up or down with a
               | lever, instead of having to rely on the old coast
               | /accel/set controls (I've got one of those too, and it's
               | a bit more hassle than it's worth in a lot of
               | conditions). Most of those miles were on the sort of two
               | lane state highways that apparently are exceedingly prone
               | to phantom braking events on current gen Tesla hardware,
               | and I had... ah, yes, _zero_ of them. Same goes for weird
               | failures to hold lane, or anything else. I was in the
               | loop, and didn 't have to monitor automation that was
               | going to be fine 99.9% of the time and try to kill me the
               | rest. Going through Salt Lake during the edge of rush
               | hour, "randomly standing on the brakes with no warning"
               | would have meant someone was in the back seat with my
               | kids after having totaled the car. I'm sorry, "random
               | braking events" are simply not OK on anything resembling
               | a regular basis, and at least some people, in some
               | conditions that resemble what I drive, are reporting them
               | very regularly.
               | 
               | But to your main point, I honestly don't know what a
               | difference Autopilot makes. I've dorked around with an
               | older version for half an hour, and it drove like an
               | autistic student driver. "This is the center of my lane
               | and I will be in the center of it, because this is the
               | center of my lane." "What about the trailer over there,
               | not really parked entirely off the road?" "This is the
               | center of my lane..." etc. It was quite frankly
               | terrifying to see, because it had no awareness of
               | anything resembling the environment around it except the
               | lane lines. I have no doubt it would have clipped the
               | trailer (parked... oh, a foot into the lane, because the
               | shoulder wasn't wide enough for the rest of it) had I not
               | taken over, and at that point, I may as well drive it
               | myself. As I've suggested to various people over the
               | years, let me know when Autopilot can handle a sprayer
               | coming down a two lane highway, and reasonably figure out
               | what to do about a cow in the road, and I'll pay
               | attention. Right now, it seems alarmingly unable to
               | reliably figure out that the road is clear with anything
               | resembling a useful level of accuracy.
               | 
               | However, the point remains: I've chosen not to spend the
               | money on that, which means I don't have to worry about
               | spending money on it down the road. The Hedonic treadmill
               | is very much a thing, and so by deliberately not
               | adjusting my standards higher, I can live on less money
               | going forward. I pity the people I know who have huge
               | salaries for a while and buy $200k luxury cars, because
               | I've seen, in a somewhat close friend, exactly what
               | happens when those salaries aren't a thing anymore for
               | one reason or another. The end result is prolonged pain
               | and bankruptcy, because after you've driven a 700hp
               | German luxury saloon, going back to something cheaper and
               | slower (and more affordable) is really hard. I've enjoyed
               | driving those briefly, but I've never owned one, so that
               | my car is a bit of a gutless wonder cresting mountain
               | passes at 8k ft, well... so it is. I can hold highway
               | speed, I just can't run in massive excess of it. Oh well.
               | Stupid-cheap to run for everything else, low maintenance,
               | no complaints.
               | 
               | I could come up with justifications for spending all
               | sorts of money, if I really wanted to - and my point is
               | that the ability and willingness to _not_ do that is a
               | very useful skill. Humans are great post-hoc
               | justification machines. Always have been, always will be.
               | And knowing that, working around it, etc, reduces an
               | awful lot of stress in life.
               | 
               | You claim a car that will more or less stay in a lane is
               | worth $100k. Well, OK... I spent not an awful lot more
               | than that on a house and have been slowly upgrading the
               | property over the years as we have money. Though I might
               | have to drop a chunk of change into some appliances here
               | soon, the service life of modern appliances seems to be
               | about 5 years before major surgery, if you can get the
               | parts.
               | 
               | I lived for a while in Seattle, and heard people go on
               | and on about how amazing Autopilot was. I just rode an
               | ebike in the rain, and spent the savings on good rain
               | gear. One cost $100k. One cost... oh, I think that was a
               | $1500 build, it was a _nice_ commuter build. I think I
               | got the better deal.
        
               | WJW wrote:
               | Regardless of how much better (or not) Autopilot is than
               | manual driving, this comment is a very good example of
               | the point GP was trying to make. If you get a taste for
               | 100k cars because you convinced yourself you can no
               | longer live without Autopilot, you will now need to find
               | that much more income to pay for all the cars. That is
               | money that could also have been spent "sacrificing
               | salary" so you could have more interesting work, take
               | time for a sabbatical or retire earlier.
        
           | dbrueck wrote:
           | > but the salary gap is too huge
           | 
           | Well... if the money is a means to an end, and if that end is
           | highest quality of life, there's a good (but obviously
           | personal and highly subjective) argument that optimizing
           | around salary doesn't necessarily translate into max quality
           | of life (though it sure helps to some degree).
           | 
           | But yes, the gap itself can be quite large but it deserves
           | some context too: IME the large companies do start to pay
           | absurdly well as you get higher up the chain, but startups
           | still pay >=5x the US median income, so it's not like you're
           | choosing an impoverished life or anything.
           | 
           | And if you can't get a startup to pay as much as you'd like
           | but you do believe in the company, then use it to your
           | advantage and negotiate for a much larger slice of the equity
           | pie and/or start your own company.
           | 
           | Just food for thought of course.
        
         | beebeepka wrote:
         | Also an old fart. I am doing my best to remain a developer.
         | Spending my work days in meetings and managing people sounds
         | horrible to me.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | ajb wrote:
         | Is your startup engineering led? My experience of a non-
         | engineering-led startup is that there are more meetings than in
         | a big company.
        
           | dbrueck wrote:
           | > Is your startup engineering led?
           | 
           | Yep.
           | 
           | > My experience of a non-engineering-led startup is that
           | there are more meetings than in a big company.
           | 
           | Ditto. I'm not 100% sure, but I think it may have something
           | to do with the fact that meetings are often the anxiety
           | outlet for people who don't directly produce value. (Oof,
           | that sounds harsh. And yet...)
        
             | ajb wrote:
             | In our case the problem was the opposite. There were enough
             | people that coordination was needed, but the CEO didn't
             | want any managers, so ICs need to track things and attend
             | meetings while trying to get stuff done
        
       | nathias wrote:
       | If you wan't impact and creativity go into crypto.
        
       | davidhunter wrote:
       | Out of interest, how are you searching for roles?
       | 
       | I ask because we have (what I believe to be) a very interesting
       | engineering problem to solve but a lot of the recruiters out
       | there will plug the hedge fund and fintech jobs because those
       | guys are willing to pay absolute top of market and therefore pay
       | more in commission to the recruiter.
       | 
       | I wouldn't get caught up thinking about titles because they mean
       | different things to different people. There's really interesting
       | work out there for someone of your experience and increasingly
       | more interesting startups in the Uk. You just gotta look a bit
       | harder for it.
       | 
       | We are searching for a 'principal software' engineer to join our
       | team. I think we have a different engineering setup to many
       | startups because it's very multi-disciplinary in nature: plant
       | science, ml/optimisation, software engineering, sensor/embedded
       | tech. So our idea of a principal swe is someone who spends some
       | of their time as an ic and some of their time helping others to
       | upskill in software engineering - this could be junior swes or
       | senior plant scientists. I know that for other companies
       | 'principal engineer' could be a product owner role or it could be
       | a chief architect role or it could be more of a floating mentor.
        
       | wly_cdgr wrote:
       | I think if you want to have high impact, agency, and autonomy as
       | an IC late in your career you should work on your math skills
       | with an eye towards a research scientist / core algorithm
       | designer position. The other option is to be the founding
       | engineer at a startup, but that's probably only good in your 40s
       | if you want a divorce
        
       | zz865 wrote:
       | I think low expectations is the best outlook. After 35 you're
       | less desirable, sure you have experience but its not with the
       | things employers are looking for. Eg right now the hot skills are
       | tech that's only been around for 5 years, so you dont have any
       | advantage over a 30 year old. Its worth doing some management
       | jobs but they generally suck, my view is to keep as IC and just
       | be happy with getting paid less than you used to make. If you are
       | less fussy on money there are more choices out there. If you want
       | more money get a side hustle.
       | 
       | Yes people will tell you can be pricipal dev or whatever but the
       | pyramid narrows quickly, its only for people who are really good
       | tech and people wise. That might be you but most devs assume
       | they'll get there when they wont.
        
         | dafelst wrote:
         | You do know that experience with a particular technology is
         | only a tiny part of the equation here, right? A veteran with 20
         | years in the industry has seen a LOT more stuff than someone
         | with 10 years in the industry, irrespective of the tech stack.
         | To call the two equivalent is very short sighted, especially at
         | the Staff/Principal level where that person is ostensibly
         | responsible for making high impact decisions.
        
           | zz865 wrote:
           | Yes I've been doing this for 30 years. I also know all the
           | interviews I've done lately nobody has cared about what I did
           | 20 years ago.
        
             | dafelst wrote:
             | I'm in my 40s and haven't experienced that - perhaps you're
             | not looking in the right places
        
               | zz865 wrote:
               | Perhaps I did suggest principal level isn't worth it.
               | Most of my friends have taken the first 10-20 years off
               | the resume - or have dramatically shrunk it.
        
           | mixmastamyk wrote:
           | Sure, but a younger hiring manager probably doesn't
           | appreciate that. Business owners (at any age) never
           | appreciated quality.
        
       | marcinzm wrote:
       | The issue with being an EM is that it's a totally different job
       | than being an engineer. There's overlap as you get to staff+ but
       | there's also a lot of things that don't overlap. It's also, when
       | done properly, a fully non-technical role. In general trying to
       | still be technical will make you a bad EM that is hated by the
       | team. Directly you will have very little short term impact except
       | occasionally preventing disasters. The impact will be through
       | your team and you'll be spending most of your time preventing
       | future issues for the team. So it's very medium term and indirect
       | impact if done well. Your team may respect you but they probably
       | won't as much as you think they should given the effort you're
       | putting in. The rest of the company may respect you but will
       | still try to use you as a punching bag every so often. In the end
       | you're the shit umbrella for the team. In my experience as an EM
       | it's almost expected that you have the self-confidence to not
       | need much external validation.
        
       | travisgriggs wrote:
       | Will there be a "just hit 50, what's next?" installment to
       | follow?
       | 
       | I too, just want to build things--too many legos as a child (and
       | adult), I guess. I work at a smaller company where the software
       | side is pretty small (5-ish), so I enjoy a huge amount of
       | autonomy.
       | 
       | Having interviewed around a little, I find a lot of places that
       | have a hole, and they're just looking for a peg to fill it.
       | 
       | I already filled the hole at my current company, and wpuld be
       | leaving a much larger holder if I were to leave.
       | 
       | My problem is that I'm somewhat anxious financially; a number of
       | people depend on me for the salary and benefits I bring home. So
       | while many people tell me I would be a strong consultant type,
       | the insecurity frightens me. I'm good at at inventiveness,
       | initiative, entrepreneurial behavior _when_ it's under the
       | umbrella of someone else's money and I feel secure.
       | 
       | I've graduated to tech lead, semi manager, three times, and never
       | really liked that. I just end up frustrated with those that I'm
       | responsible for. I work better in a "we're all dribbling the same
       | ball" context.
        
         | d0gsg0w00f wrote:
         | I think you could benefit from moving to a larger group for a
         | few years. Keep all the connections from your current team and
         | you'll all find each other again one day.
         | 
         | While I dont move around nearly as much as some in the
         | industry, I do find value in moving every 3-5 years. Not really
         | for the salary but more for the different perspectives it
         | offers. You'll learn so much and look back at your small
         | software team one day with fond memories and chuckle about how
         | big the world outside that team is and how the values from a
         | small team are hard to find. Make it something you seek out and
         | appreciate, not just something you do every day.
        
       | auspex wrote:
       | Look into sales engineering or solution architect roles.
       | 
       | They are great late stage careers and typically involve a lot of
       | architecture and consulting type work.
        
       | vvpan wrote:
       | I started going to psychoanalysis and the analyst asked me: so
       | why do you work in programming? I had to contemplate that for a
       | long while. Answers that I came with were not at all what I
       | thought. I had to really go back in memory to early days of my
       | tech onboarding (teenage IRC years). I think it's a good exercise
       | to go through. I think OP is one of the better examples of why
       | it's a good idea. Because here is somebody hitting 40 and the
       | life decision they are making is not whether to stay on the same
       | path, also not contemplating what other things they could
       | possibly do with the rest of their life (which statistically-
       | speaking is probably another 40 years of fully conscious adult
       | living) but to "see meaningful progression: in salary, in impact,
       | in respect". So why are you in software?
        
         | convolvatron wrote:
         | someone asked me that in an interview context and I mumbled
         | something about problem solving. but that question stuck with
         | me and mulled it for quite a while.
         | 
         | for me its about agency, and creativity. i dont just want to
         | solve your problem, i want to build you a beautiful palace
         | using solely force of will that completely obviates your
         | problem.
         | 
         | at least now i understand a little better why I can't function
         | in devops land.
        
       | moooff wrote:
       | I am in similar position. I recently turned 40 and I'm a
       | Development Manager but the role is moving me away from all the
       | technical stuff I really like. I work in a classical industry
       | position so no interesting FAANG Stuff only boring (but
       | important) business software to keep up and running with my team.
       | 
       | The problem is that i originally did a PhD in Computer Science
       | (Machine Learning / NLP) in 2010 and had papers at SIGKDD, ECML
       | etc. So this business software thing is terrible boring for me
       | but in Germany it was reallly hard to find interesting - well
       | paying positions - at that time in this field.
       | 
       | And now i have no idea what to do next, because i fear that all
       | my experience as a "Development Manager" will not be accounted
       | for if I apply somewhere in a more deep technical role like
       | FAANG.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | progre wrote:
       | 44 here. I have actively started avoiding architect/product owner
       | roles . Instead I'm consentrated on knowing the product (how it's
       | used by the customers and admins), the tech stack, the code base
       | and the devops pipeline as good as I can by doing a whole lot of
       | feature building and bugfixing. Result is that the work is more
       | rewarding than ever. Architect and PO come to me to discuss
       | features. Admins come to me with weird bugs. I get to code a lot
       | and think a lot. I hope I get to do this til I retire.
        
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