[HN Gopher] Transatlantic ping faster than sending a pixel to th...
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       Transatlantic ping faster than sending a pixel to the screen?
       (2012)
        
       Author : notRobot
       Score  : 91 points
       Date   : 2021-11-25 13:03 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (superuser.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (superuser.com)
        
       | Veliladon wrote:
       | The transatlantic ping is waves traveling at the speed of light
       | in fiber and a large fraction of the speed of light in copper. To
       | send a pixel to a screen you need to wait for the next vsync if
       | you're not using a variable refresh rate display. That alone can
       | be double digit milliseconds. Then you need to wait for the
       | crystals in the screen to physically move in response to applied
       | voltage. Moving things is slow. Moving things happens at speeds
       | far less than the speed of light unless you're putting in enough
       | energy to vaporize a city.
       | 
       | If you wait around and rely on things that move extremely slowly
       | compared to the light speed of fiber and near light speed of
       | electrical signals, waiting around for a crystal to turn and
       | align itself to a voltage is going to take an eternity in
       | comparison.
       | 
       | So yeah, no shit it's slower to display a pixel.
        
         | cozzyd wrote:
         | Well the effective refractive index of fiber is something like
         | 1.4 or so I think.
        
         | marginalia_nu wrote:
         | That's only half the story. If you compare a PAL NES game,
         | which runs at a fixed 50 FPS, to a modern video game that runs
         | at 50 FPS, the former is incredibly snappy whereas the latter
         | would be deemed unplayable sluggish. The NES signal is analog
         | and if you update the video memory, it more than likely shows
         | up on the screen the next frame, the worst possible delay is 20
         | milliseconds.
         | 
         | Digital displays and (hardware) pipeline-based rendering means
         | that it in practice often takes takes several frames between
         | sending the instructions to draw mario and the little guy
         | showing up on the screen. It still takes less than 20
         | milliseconds to render, but the latency is much higher. In
         | practice a latency of 100 ms isn't unheard of at 50 FPS with a
         | modern rendering pipeline. This is why modern games feel so
         | sluggish at low framerates.
        
         | mdoms wrote:
         | Perhaps you should read the linked Q&A before commenting.
        
         | klmr wrote:
         | I dunno, I don't think it's _that_ obvious: the physical
         | movement in an LCD is across tiny masses and distances (at
         | molecular scale); the network signal has to cross a distance
         | that's _many orders of magnitude_ larger. Comparing these two
         | things without looking at actual number doesn't strike me as
         | valid, even for approximations.
         | 
         | Furthermore, if I'm reading the RTINGS.com source posted below
         | correctly, modern LCDs have _smaller_ latencies than a
         | transatlantic ping. So not only is it not obvious, it's no
         | longer universally true.
        
       | breakingcups wrote:
       | Note that John Carmack himself provided that answer.
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | anything new on this?
       | 
       | previous discussion from _10 years ago_ :
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=3914638
        
       | clktmr wrote:
       | Optimizing for latency is often counter-intuitive.
       | 
       | Polling as an example may be an effective way to lower latency,
       | e.g. Linux NAPI.
       | 
       | Increasing buffer sizes may also decrease latency because data
       | can be processed in bursts, see buffer starvation. But if data
       | comes in at a higher rate than can be processed, buffers fill up
       | and are horrible for latency.
        
         | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
         | > Polling as an example may be an effective way to lower
         | latency,
         | 
         | I had to learn this lesson the hard way recently.
         | 
         | An embedded system where I had to get data from a couple SPI
         | controller's RAM. Made a bit complicated ISR and listener
         | system that woke up threads to do a deferred-interrupt... by
         | the time it was all said and done with a fair bit of code, I
         | wasn't happy with it.
         | 
         | I figured out that usually data would be available every 2ms
         | and just wrote the read routine just to sleep every 2ms and
         | attempt another read, I have it "hitting" 90% of the time and
         | my avg latency is almost nothing. .7ms or so.
        
       | ksec wrote:
       | I have always been crying about latency computing for years. My
       | earliest HN comment on the topic was in 2012. And I have been
       | ranting about it for even longer outside
       | 
       | I really hope at the later part of this decade we start focusing
       | on latency computing instead of bandwidth. From Display, Input,
       | Output and Network, and down to OS and Software. I had always
       | hoped VR would forced those optimisation due to VR being a
       | latency sensitive, as John Carmack was doing at the time. But VR
       | never happened.
        
         | hhhhhklkkliiii wrote:
         | VR never happened? Someone needs to let Valve and Oculus know..
        
           | emteycz wrote:
           | Well it certainly did not happen in way other technologies
           | happened - smartphones, social networks, laptops, desktops...
           | VR is definitely slower and smaller market right now than
           | these other devices were after similar number of years.
        
             | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
             | I'm ok with VR being slow. There is no need to rush it.
             | There are some amazing VR experiences. Half Life Alyx while
             | standing, despite it being a disaster overall VirtaMate can
             | have some really interesting erotic setups, beat saber is
             | the only music game I've ever really got into, and... IDK,
             | some things are just not possible outside of VR like
             | SuperHot VR being a totally different everything than it's
             | normal version.
             | 
             | I would like there to be more quality content but sooner,
             | but I think it's largely in a grey area between hardware
             | not being good enough yet and software being expensive to
             | develop.
             | 
             | I used to poopoo it, but I've come around that VR is in the
             | cards, just slowly.
        
         | retrac wrote:
         | To me, the threshold of cringing is when web forms are laggy.
         | This 50-billion-instructions-per-second box can be slower
         | rendering an input form than a VT220 terminal from 1983. When
         | the task of the machine is to, e.g. enter appointment booking
         | information, and it handles the task worse than hardware from
         | decades ago could in some cases, that's when we know we've lost
         | the plot.
        
           | cozzyd wrote:
           | Yes, or, even more annoyingly, when slack lags as you type. I
           | think I've had ssh connections to the south pole with less
           | latency than slack sometimes has.
        
           | Aerroon wrote:
           | A big performance problem is live autocomplete on your input.
           | The website running some kind of a query on every character
           | you input sometimes causes huge delays. On my phone I can
           | sometimes wait a good 5-10 seconds after I finished typing
           | for it to actually show up on screen.
        
           | ksec wrote:
           | >To me, the threshold of cringing is when web forms are
           | laggy.
           | 
           | Same here that was what ticked me. I was reading up HN
           | threads I saved and the Remix framework was one of them.
           | People were cheering for a well design, animated and smooth
           | _webpage_. Because most of the other similar design tends to
           | Jank and not smooth. We are coming to 2022, rendering a
           | webpage on modern CPU with GPU accelerated browser should be
           | trivial. And yet that web page was, true to most comments and
           | my experience, an outliner.
           | 
           | A lot of people continue to say those latency doesn't matter.
           | It does. I am picky, I hate latency. I am latency sensitive.
           | I can only wish some day ( again may be VR or Metaverse ) we
           | could kick start latency computing. Or Real Time computing.
           | 
           | "To make Metaverse, we need Real Time Computing" seems like a
           | good message to VC and consumer market :)
        
       | stygiansonic wrote:
       | RTINGS.com has a decent database of displays sorted by input lag
       | (which is the topic of this post):
       | https://www.rtings.com/monitor/tests/inputs/input-lag
        
       | adolph wrote:
       | This is a classic and wonderful way to learn and think about the
       | junction of physics and computers.
       | 
       | Another one is https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=702713
        
         | OJFord wrote:
         | Gosh that's a fun read in all sorts of ways. SSDs are
         | relatively new, there are hold-outs, and they cost $300 for
         | 80GB!
        
           | walrus01 wrote:
           | At right around the time that was published in 2009, I bought
           | a new 17 inch MacBook pro and a $350 Intel 80GB 2.5" SATA
           | ssd, and stuck the SSD into the position formerly occupied by
           | the dvdrw in a special holder. Worked great as boot drive.
        
         | anthropodie wrote:
         | Imgur has has become so horrible that it loaded all
         | recommendations first and it had still not loaded the main
         | content before I closed the tab. I wish this was hosted
         | somewhere else.
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | Never loaded for me. Alternate site: https://ibb.co/HHgRSG8
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | That image would be better by having an year tag.
         | 
         | Since then the ratios increased (L1 to RAM by quite a bit), SSD
         | became common, and networks got intermingled with everything.
        
           | usr1106 wrote:
           | Or having a series of images every 5-10 years. Or have
           | factors changed so little that not much additional would be
           | shown?
        
       | walrus01 wrote:
       | This is one of the reasons why the hardcore retro gaming people
       | are still paying big money for 32" Sony Trinitron analog CRT TVs
       | and such. Ultra low latency from image source to display.
       | 
       | If you have a good condition Trinitron like display these days
       | (Mitsubishi diamondtron, sony pvm, etc) it is presently
       | appreciating in value every year.
        
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       (page generated 2021-11-25 23:02 UTC)