[HN Gopher] The Next 'Lab Leak'
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Next 'Lab Leak'
        
       Author : johncena33
       Score  : 104 points
       Date   : 2021-11-23 16:35 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | cblconfederate wrote:
       | Biologists are able to generate highly specialized viruses for
       | research for decades now, i m sure it was possible before covid.
       | I think going forward you should be afraid of nature. We have
       | evolved global transportation / shipping / tourism beyond the
       | carrying capacity of modern epidemiology / bacteriology to keep
       | up with spreading pathogens. SarsCov2 might be just one of many ,
       | since human population has not peaked in numbers yet.
        
       | tpmx wrote:
       | > Covid might not have come out of a medical research lab
       | 
       | It most likely did, though.
        
         | vlovich123 wrote:
         | Why is that the case? I thought we don't actually have any real
         | good evidence either way.
        
           | tpmx wrote:
           | There is no smoking gun kind of evidence because PRC blocked
           | all efforts to properly investigate this. _This is obviously
           | a red flag in itself._
           | 
           | There is _plenty_ of circumstantial evidence.
        
             | hh3k0 wrote:
             | > There is plenty of circumstantial evidence.
             | 
             | Yeah. It doesn't sit right with me that Peter Daszak, who
             | has close ties to the Wuhan Institute of Virology, was the
             | driving force behind the February 2020 Lancet letter of
             | scientists "strongly condemning conspiracy theories" like
             | the lab-leak theory - all without disclosing that conflict
             | of interest.
             | 
             | Daszak should testify before congress.
        
             | black6 wrote:
             | Wuhan has a biolab.
             | 
             | That biolab specializes in coronaviruses.
             | 
             | That biolab was funded, in part, by the US NIH to conduct
             | gain of function (a rose by any other name...) on
             | coronaviruses.
             | 
             | SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus.
             | 
             | The SARS-CoV-2 virus outbreak was first observed in Wuhan.
             | 
             | It's such a logical chain of circumstantial evidence, and
             | They expected everyone to believe that it came from a
             | fucking pangolin?
        
               | thedorkknight wrote:
               | Who is the "They" that you all keep mentioning? I haven't
               | heard anyone push the pangolin theory since, like, March
               | 2020. I listen to the podcast "This Week in Virology" a
               | lot and can only remember them occasionally addressing it
               | as a discarded theory.
               | 
               | It seems to me like people are talking about some
               | Boogeyman here. I need specifics on this "they" because
               | otherwise it just comes across as rhetoric
        
               | drran wrote:
               | Who will discover a new virus faster? A researcher from a
               | specialized lab or a random guy?
        
             | bradford wrote:
             | China has routinely been opaque, blocking investigations
             | over all sorts of things. I don't like it either but I
             | think it's premature to use it as evidence of malice on
             | China's part.
        
               | thereisnospork wrote:
               | > China has routinely been opaque, blocking
               | investigations over all sorts of things. I don't like it
               | either but I think it's premature to use it as evidence
               | of malice on China's part.
               | 
               | China (and everyone else) doesn't get to have their cake
               | an eat it too. They want to be opaque as national policy,
               | that's their prerogative, but they don't get to do so
               | _and_ expect positive inference regarding what is behind
               | the curtain.
               | 
               | In other words, assuming the worst plausible scenario is
               | the only, or at least a, rational interpretation of
               | possibilities against a policy of intentional opacity.
        
               | vlovich123 wrote:
               | Is America going to let Chinese investigators start
               | combing through their labs and almost the populace to see
               | if an alternate domestic theory that it originated in the
               | US earlier (after all, there's been reports that it was
               | in NYC in fall 2019 already).
               | 
               | Can you see how a government might be concerned about
               | keeping an adversary do that because of the sovereignty
               | violation it brings up as well as concerns about spies
               | being part of that group (eg how the CIA used a
               | vaccination program as cover to find Bin Laden in
               | Pakistan)?
               | 
               | It's not the only rational explanation. It's just the one
               | you choose to prefer (and it might perhaps be the most
               | plausible given how the Chinese government appears to
               | operate, but it's not beyond reasonable doubt). Heck,
               | this was the theory behind invading Iraq and looks like
               | the US never did find those WMDs.
        
         | readams wrote:
         | I think it's more correct to say that lab leak is a plausible
         | theory. But it's going too far to say it's the most likely
         | theory. I do wish China hadn't clammed up and would have
         | allowed a real investigation. We'll never really know, I
         | suspect.
        
           | dnautics wrote:
           | we will never really know. But, one of the most damning
           | articles is this one:
           | 
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7836551/
           | 
           | in which the final claim is "Furin cleavage sites occurred
           | independently for multiple times in the evolution of the
           | coronavirus family, supporting the natural occurring
           | hypothesis of SARS-CoV-2."
           | 
           | Er, that's not really strong support for the naturally
           | occurring hypothesis, it's a refutation against 'naturally
           | occurring is impossible'.
           | 
           | The spontaneous evolution of furin sites is rare in the
           | specific clade of SARS-CoV-2, so if it's support it's very
           | weak. The phylogenetic trees presented in the paper are VERY
           | much loaded to obscure this fact (omitting betacoronaviruses
           | in the alpha-delta tree, and in the breakout betacoronavirus
           | tree, arbitrarily loading up multiple copies of "basically
           | the same" strains which all present a furin cleavage site to
           | make the pie slice of furin site-presenting sequences
           | bigger).
           | 
           | On the other hand, copy-pasting interesting motifs into a
           | different but related genetic entity to achieve GOF is
           | basically "the first strategy you do" as a synthetic
           | biologist. Hell, even I did it (to gain function in a non-
           | pathogenic system) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24934472/
           | "we substituted one of four amino acids (Asp, His, Asn, Gln)
           | at each of the 12 ligating positions because these amino
           | acids are alternative coordinating residues in otherwise
           | conserved-cysteine positions found in a broad survey of NiFe
           | hydrogenase sequences."
        
           | jokethrowaway wrote:
           | What's the most likely theory in your opinion? The nearby
           | fish market?
           | 
           | What sounds more likely, a bat in the fish market of Wuhan or
           | the influenza lab next to it?
        
             | smallerfish wrote:
             | Not a fish market.
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9KZ2b0Pc3I
        
           | smsm42 wrote:
           | Given there's no other plausible explanation ("bat soup from
           | wet market" theory is completely laughable to anybody who
           | bothers to look closely, and there's no viable path
           | identified that doesn't involve Wuhan labs in one way or
           | another) - it's as much "just a theory" as evolution is "just
           | a theory". Sure, if you work really hard and ignore a lot of
           | facts and have very active imagination, you could imagine
           | some alternative scenario. But the level of proof and
           | agreeing with available facts in this theory would be way
           | lower than in the theory that admits it came through the
           | Wuhan lab. How did it happen - which accident led to it,
           | which rules were bent, who didn't report feeling sick and who
           | was bitten by a bat but didn't want to talk about it out of
           | fear of losing their job, did messing with the virus genome
           | and GoF research play a role and how big the role was - we
           | don't know and probably never will. But calling it the most
           | likely theory is not "going too far" - it's just admitting
           | the evidence we have and looking at it objectively and not
           | trying to fit the facts into predetermined conclusion because
           | we don't like the one that the facts suggest.
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | It has been now almost 2 years and still no closure or definitive
       | explanation about where Covid came from? It would seem as if
       | nothing changed . You have all these investigators ,scientists,
       | and reporters but no progress it seems.
        
         | actually_a_dog wrote:
         | It took 15 years to find the animal reservoir for the original
         | SARS virus: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-017-07766-9
        
         | cblconfederate wrote:
         | TBH this is not a scientifically very interesting question.
         | It's quite likely that if one wanted to make this virus they
         | could have. It doesnt appear to be the pinnacle of
         | bioengineering so scientists are not curious to find out how
         | they did it, if they did. And lab standards are already
         | stringent, so leaks will keep happening. I don't believe the
         | virus was leaked, not because it couldn't have but because it's
         | equally probable that it's natural. And i 'd hate to see even
         | slower progress in biology because of new safety standards that
         | limit the number of people who can work in a wet lab.
         | 
         | It's a politically interesting question though.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | > And lab standards are already stringent, so leaks will keep
           | happening. I don't believe the virus was leaked, not because
           | it couldn't have but because it's equally probable that it's
           | natural.
           | 
           | So you're not interested in knowing whether it was a leak, or
           | if it was, whether it was accidental, and you're not at all
           | interested in making bio labs more secure (which one might
           | be, if one knew it was a lab leak!)?!
           | 
           | So... no need to improve, just let it keep happening?
           | 
           | And you don't think there's any interest in the science
           | behind making a custom virus, or spreading it?
           | 
           | OK, fine, you're not interested. Ah, but:
           | 
           | > so scientists are not curious to find out how they did it,
           | if they did
           | 
           | All scientists? Most? A significant number of them?
           | 
           | Are you saying no one should be curious about this, or just
           | that you aren't?
           | 
           | > It's a politically interesting question though.
           | 
           | Ah, so _do_ investigate? I can 't tell what you meant.
        
       | teejmya wrote:
       | https://archive.md/8hDJt
        
       | nice_byte wrote:
       | i don't understand why the so-called "lab leak theory" of origin
       | for sars-cov2 is treated as some sort of conspiracy theory. it is
       | completely plausible, and things like this have happened in the
       | past (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sverdlovsk_anthrax_leak), not
       | due to malice but due to incompetence.
        
         | alexvoda wrote:
         | Because people get polarized and are incapable of nuance.
         | 
         | It's important to remember what some of the lab leak theories
         | have said:
         | 
         | - that it is a engineered bioweapon
         | 
         | - that it is genetically altered to contain parts of HIV
         | 
         | - that it was intentionally released during the 2019 military
         | games
         | 
         | Once in a camp it is difficult to accept nuance.
        
         | bufferoverflow wrote:
         | Not only it is plausible, it's very very likely. What are the
         | odds that a lab that works on gain of function of Corona
         | viruses is the exact place where the epidemic started?
        
           | chipotle_coyote wrote:
           | The "exact place" the epidemic was discovered is in Wuhan,
           | which is also where the lab is. That's a _correlation,_ and
           | clearly worth investigating, but it 's not in and of itself
           | proof.
           | 
           | I was originally dismissive of the "lab leak hypothesis", in
           | no small part because of how quickly it got caught up in
           | politics. I'm less so now, but I do think it's important to
           | remember that when we ask "how likely is it that a novel
           | coronavirus epidemic would start in a city that also has a
           | laboratory working with novel coronaviruses and it just be a
           | coincidence," the answer may be "not very" if the city with
           | the laboratory is the size of, say, Frederick, Maryland
           | (78,000), but "maybe more than you think" if it's the size of
           | New York City (8.8M).
           | 
           | The lab leak idea bears further investigation, but
           | "authorities have been too dismissive of that" shouldn't lead
           | us to assume "well, it was obviously a lab leak."
        
         | LatteLazy wrote:
         | Because it's completely untestable and short of someone
         | "admitting" it we will never know for sure.
         | 
         | So whether you believe it or not depends entirely on you're
         | prejudices. I'm prejudiced not to but others may feed
         | differently.
         | 
         | And it makes absolutely no difference at all. You still need a
         | vaccine, you still need lockdowns and quarantines and to manage
         | your healthcare. And we should all be taking action on China
         | whether it's incompetence (around food hygiene) or incompetence
         | (around bio hazard management).
         | 
         | This is why I hate the whole Lab Leak thing. It's people
         | "straining out a knat and swallowing a camel". It's a
         | distraction and it unnecessarily complicates messaging and
         | discussion that can be pretty vital.
        
           | nsxwolf wrote:
           | It absolutely makes a difference, because we need to stop
           | this from happening again. We can't just accept that labs are
           | going to continue to release dangerous viruses and then just
           | deal with the effects every time.
        
             | LatteLazy wrote:
             | The issue here is China. My evidence for this is that this
             | keeps happening in China (SARS etc).
             | 
             | So if it's lab leak, the problem isn't the US or Russia or
             | Butan doing lab work. It's China doing lab work insecurely.
             | 
             | And if it's a food hygiene thing, it's not a world food
             | hygiene thing, it's a Chinese food hygiene thing.
             | 
             | So the action here is to sanction the fuck out of China.
             | And that is true whether it's lab leaked or zoonotic or any
             | other unimaginable source.
        
               | fullstackchris wrote:
               | Uh... are you forgetting about a thing called H1N1?
               | Granted, it wasn't as dangerous as COVID, but that
               | originated in the good ol' US of A. I wouldn't be so
               | quick to jump to harsh ideas just for the sake of it -
               | this could have happened in any country really - all you
               | need is human interaction with animals and enough time.
        
           | himinlomax wrote:
           | > Because it's completely untestable and short of someone
           | "admitting" it we will never know for sure.
           | 
           | What a weird assertion.
           | 
           | It would be perfectly testable in any democratic country. Set
           | up an independent commission, give access to the lab's
           | complete files, perform a lot of tests on samples held there.
           | That's exactly what would happen. Opposition parties would be
           | demonstrating non stop demanding answers.
           | 
           | Instead this is China, a communist dictatorship with, on top
           | of that, a strong culture of never losing face. It's only
           | untestable because of that, not for epistemological reasons.
        
             | LatteLazy wrote:
             | So it's testable, but only if we overthrow the CCP, make
             | China a functional democracy, change Chinese culture to
             | encourage openness, seize the records before they destroy
             | them (which them might already have) and if we can't find
             | those records or they say nothing incriminating, we accept
             | tthat they're innocent because abcence of evidence is
             | evidence of abcense?
             | 
             | Sounds untestable to me...
        
               | himinlomax wrote:
               | In the context of a scientific hypothesis, "untestable"
               | means that it can't be tested, not that someone doesn't
               | want it to be tested. The fact that someone really really
               | really doesn't want it to be tested does not make it
               | untestable. It makes it untested but eminently testable.
        
         | bediger4000 wrote:
         | The pushback on the lab leak theory happens because proponents
         | of the lab leak theory are pushing that theory in bad faith. If
         | there's a lab leak, then they can excuse mis-handling of the
         | USA COVID response.
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | Malice is also completely plausible. Biowarfare is like
         | chemical and nuclear warfare, it's not new, it has been used
         | before, and it probably will be used again.
        
           | darkerside wrote:
           | Hanlon's Razor says, never attribute to malice that which is
           | adequately explained by stupidity.
           | 
           | In this case, the malice explanation demands stupidity
           | because it was released in their own city. Not sure what
           | Hanlon would say about that.
        
             | notahacker wrote:
             | Not to mention the stupidity of developing what would
             | surely be the least useful bioweapon in history (most
             | people of fighting age get mild and brief symptoms or no
             | symptoms, but it's infectious enough to get back to your
             | own population and kill similar proportions of your own
             | vulnerable before you figure out how to deal with it)
        
         | mcculley wrote:
         | Also the U.S. Army lost control of some anthrax in 2001:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_anthrax_attacks
        
           | sterlind wrote:
           | that whole saga was so fascinating. the culprit ended up
           | (likely) being one of the scientists involved, with the
           | motive of justifying funding into anthrax research. because
           | of the incredibly low mutation rate of anthrax, they couldn't
           | identify the strain by DNA testing.
           | 
           | they had to do new science to fingerprint strains based on
           | the quantities of different populations in the samples vs.
           | the bottles - an investigation the culprit himself was
           | involved in. as they uncovered the flask responsible and the
           | very limited number of people who could get their hands on
           | it, the attacker killed himself.
        
         | tshaddox wrote:
         | Has a virus ever leaked from a lab whose existence (or ability
         | to transmit along humans) had not previously been known? Surely
         | the vast majority of new human-infecting viruses have been
         | novel mutations that happened naturally.
        
         | TeeMassive wrote:
         | For the same reason we were influenced to used COVID-19 as a
         | name rather the presumed geographical place of origin as is
         | traditionally done.
        
         | gennarro wrote:
         | Presumably people are being more careful now. Would like to see
         | some sort of news or legislation about this but I'm sure it's
         | unlikely.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | And what kind of legislation would tickle your fancy?
           | Intentional release is already legislated against. How do you
           | legislate the prevention of accidents? Are you specifically
           | talking about disclosure? I can get on board with that, but
           | I'd be shocked if there's not already legislation around
           | that.
           | 
           | Now, the crux, whatever legislation you come up with, how
           | does that apply to a foreign country?
        
             | merpnderp wrote:
             | Well for starters, the reason a lot of this research was
             | pushed to China was congress had grown tired of finding
             | ways to punish the CDC for lab leaks and mistakes here in
             | the US. It was only recently that the CDC had been allowed
             | to restart a lot of its more dangerous research. So how
             | about the US stop funding dangerous research regardless of
             | where it is at?
             | 
             | Either the lab leak was true and this was a self-inflicted
             | wound, or it was highly suspicious and uselessly dangerous
             | research, as it didn't help us stop the pandemic.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | But in very weird round about way, it did allow us to see
               | that mRNA technology is viable. So, happy little
               | accident? Apologies to Bob.
        
               | nsxwolf wrote:
               | I used to think Mission:Impossible 2 was ridiculous, now
               | it's one of my favorites.
        
             | tombert wrote:
             | I know basically nothing about foreign policy at all, but
             | just in the "tombert thought experiment" land I'm going to
             | give my "asshole opinion" [1].
             | 
             | -----------
             | 
             | > Now, the crux, whatever legislation you come up with, how
             | does that apply to a foreign country?
             | 
             | Conceivably couldn't we do some kind of trade
             | agreement/embargo on countries that don't follow a minimum
             | level of disclosure/safety protocol? E.g. if country A is
             | shown to have covered up a massive lab leak, we impose some
             | kind of tariff on them for N days.
             | 
             | Obviously there are no easy solutions to problems like
             | this, but I think that would be the place I start, because
             | obviously US law doesn't really apply to places outside of
             | the US; the only thing we could do (at least the only thing
             | that I could think of) that's even close to punitive
             | enforcement would be to apply leverage.
             | 
             | [1] "Opinions are like assholes; everyone's got one and
             | most of them stink"
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | >Conceivably couldn't we do some kind of trade
               | agreement/embargo
               | 
               | Imagine, if you will, a scenario where one country is
               | manufacturing such a large percentage of products so that
               | an embargo would cause massive disruptions to pretty much
               | everyone everywhere. Now imagine that country being the
               | suspect in a situation where the punishment is that very
               | embargo. What do you do?
        
             | lelanthran wrote:
             | > And what kind of legislation would tickle your fancy?
             | Intentional release is already legislated against. How do
             | you legislate the prevention of accidents?
             | 
             | That's a ridiculous line of reasoning: legislation helps
             | mitigate accidents all the time.
             | 
             | Pilots don't _want_ their bird to fall out of the sky, and
             | yet legislation around pilot training, practices and
             | certification limited the number of accidents.
        
           | redog wrote:
           | > Presumably people are being more careful now
           | 
           | Probably so, but just like hollywood and guns.
        
         | TaylorAlexander wrote:
         | I think to some extent our media has developed an attitude
         | towards inconvenient ideas that they are conspiracies. They
         | can't discuss stuff like that without emphasizing how totally
         | not true they are. I am not saying it is or isn't true but that
         | the media will tend to suggest inconvenient stuff is not true.
        
         | callmeal wrote:
         | >i don't understand why the so-called "lab leak theory" of
         | origin for sars-cov2 is treated as some sort of conspiracy
         | theory.
         | 
         | Because wildlife->human is a lot more plausible than that.
         | Consider for instance a novel mutation that arises from [0],
         | transmitted to humans and is coincidentally discovered near a
         | lab that was researching this disease. Would that also be
         | considered a 'lab leak'?
         | 
         | https://www.wbur.org/npr/1054224204/how-sars-cov-2-in-americ...
        
           | Ambolia wrote:
           | Lab leak doesn't mean modified virus, and yeah those types of
           | bats don't exist anywhere near Wuhan except inside that lab.
        
         | TTPrograms wrote:
         | If the lab leak was real, covering it up to the extent they did
         | requires a literal conspiracy (not to mention hypothetical
         | function gain research). In the absence of concrete evidence,
         | it is quite literally a conspiracy theory.
        
           | UnFleshedOne wrote:
           | There is nothing wrong with literally conspiracy theories
           | when literal conspiracies are likely.
        
             | TTPrograms wrote:
             | The problem with literal conspiracies is that the
             | probability of public disclosure increases exponentially
             | with the number of people who are "in" on the conspiracy.
             | This is why a priori one typically assigns low likelihood
             | to them (especially if they require a large number of
             | conspirators).
        
           | burnished wrote:
           | I'm under the impression that the viral precursor they were
           | expecting to find in animal populations has not been found
           | (and that if it were a natural occurrence it would have been
           | found) and that at least one researcher at the Wuhan lab had
           | previously proposed gain of function research like this
           | before. I'm sure stranger coincidences have happened but with
           | that in mind I think its fair to elevate a lab leak theory
           | from 'premature/purely political in intent' to 'reasonable'.
        
           | varjag wrote:
           | There is no evidence of animal host transmission either. Does
           | it make it literally a conspiracy theory too?
        
             | TTPrograms wrote:
             | Do you believe animals literally conspired to transmit to
             | humans?
             | 
             | I believe what you're describing is rather "the coordinated
             | malevolent animal transmission theory".
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | What does it even supposed to mean? The lab theory is not
               | that humans conspired to spread the virus, but it
               | happened due to negligence. What's happening then is a
               | cover-up, not a conspiracy.
               | 
               | Cover-up is the default mode of handling failure in an
               | aspiring Communist state. When a major accident happens
               | that can be covered up, it will be covered up.
               | 
               | The above mentioned Sverdlovsk outbreak was presented as
               | natural as well: the official culprit was _cough_ a wet
               | market nearby _cough_. Took 13 years and the dissolution
               | of USSR to admit the cover-up.
        
             | thedorkknight wrote:
             | I mean... if you think the animals actually maliciously
             | conspired I suppose
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | Do you _really_ suppose the lab theory is Wuhan
               | virologists conspiring to spread the virus?
        
           | legolas2412 wrote:
           | Hypothetical function gain research?
           | 
           | You mean the literal proposal to put furin cleavage sites on
           | coronavirus collected in the wild, filed for a grant in 2018,
           | which was rejected for being too dangerous. Also, SARS-Cov-2
           | is the only beta coronavirus with a furin cleavage site. And
           | if you have ever been anywhere near academic grant process,
           | you'll know that you use a previous grant to do the next
           | grant work, as preliminary results.
           | 
           | So tell me it is just a coincidence that just after writing
           | this grant proposal in 2018 to take coronavirus in the wild
           | and putting furin cleavage sites on them, the first beta
           | coronavirus with a furin cleavage site turns up _in the same
           | place_ right next to the lab, right after they moved their
           | sister BSL-2 lab.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | sobkas wrote:
         | I don't know how to think about this article
         | https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2021/10/nih-admits-funding-r...
         | 
         | It looks bad
        
         | wwweston wrote:
         | Because it's almost inherently conspiracy fodder, true or not.
         | 
         | It tickles the part of human psychology that looks for threat
         | _agents_ , rather than just threats.
         | 
         | Lots of us here on the more analytical side might have trouble
         | understanding that fully, especially if we relate to Fauci's
         | early 2020 statements which more or less amount to "it doesn't
         | really matter which plausible origin turns out to be the case,
         | either way the task in front of us is to figure out how to
         | mitigate the damage and address the virus."
         | 
         | It _could_ have been a lab leak. It _could_ have been (and now
         | looks more likely to have been [0][1]) natural spillover from
         | increasing contact with zoonotic reservoirs. What 's the
         | difference?
         | 
         | The answer to that question on a practical level is re-thinking
         | safety protocols for related research (and perhaps a
         | conversation about the risks of conducting viral research vs
         | the risks of viral ignorance).
         | 
         | On a less practical level, though, the answer is that it
         | prompts inhabiting a narrative where they key issue is human
         | threat agents.
         | 
         | The irony is that many of the people who choose that as the
         | most important thing to pay attention seem slower to consider
         | how human threat agents might use that narrative.
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2021/11/18/coronavirus...
         | [1] https://www.science.org/content/article/why-many-
         | scientists-...
        
           | zimbatm wrote:
           | Imagine if a policeman was saying the same thing about a
           | crime; why investigate, finding the culprit is only
           | conspiracy fodder, let's only take care of the victims.
           | 
           | Not investigating, and hiding the truth is what gives room
           | for conspiracies to grow.
           | 
           | Also how can we better understand and prevent pandemics
           | whithout understanding where they come from. Wasn't the
           | coronavirus research lab founded on that premise?
        
             | akavel wrote:
             | I don't find the parallel good. Trying to invent a better
             | one, I thought I'd say the coronavirus situation is IMO
             | more like a question of whether, say, some particular
             | volcano's explosion was natural, or human-induced.
             | 
             | As such, one can either focus on generally being more
             | prepared against volcano explosions, or focus on trying to
             | find a person among volcano researchers and tourists who
             | may have done something to tickle the volcano to explode.
             | 
             | I mean, it's sure also not a perfect analogy; but how I see
             | it, focusing on preparedness and handling of a situation
             | that _does_ happen naturally from time to time for sure,
             | sounds to me like a sensible choice to focus effort into.
             | With that said, totally, if there 's some possibility it
             | might have been human-induced, it makes sense to try and
             | track and prevent it in the future; thing is, me
             | personally, and I would risk theorizing that also many
             | other people, am strongly afraid of such approach too
             | quickly and too easily turning into a witch-hunt, anti-XYZ
             | propaganda, and stirring hate by unscrupulous people - with
             | scapegoating seemingly socially much easier to turn
             | towards, than tiresome and "boring" epidemologic
             | preparedness and discipline.
        
               | czzr wrote:
               | A better analogy is a forest fire - perhaps a human
               | triggered it, maybe it was lightening. Whichever caused
               | this specific fire, you cannot build a fire prevention
               | strategy solely around stopping people lighting fires.
        
           | echelon wrote:
           | > Because it's almost inherently conspiracy fodder, true or
           | not.
           | 
           | No it's not! Reasonably minded persons consider this entirely
           | plausible.
           | 
           | The way the conversation is being actively steered away from
           | this topic is concerning.
           | 
           | > It could have been a lab leak. It could have been (and now
           | looks more likely to have been [0][1]) natural spillover from
           | increasing contact with zoonotic reservoirs. What's the
           | difference?
           | 
           | There's a huge difference. Each scenario has different
           | lessons to learn, culpability, etc.
        
             | wwweston wrote:
             | > No it's not! Reasonably minded persons consider this
             | entirely plausible.
             | 
             | I didn't say it was implausible. In fact, I have at least
             | one sentence in my comment that acknowledges it is
             | plausible to _entertain_. It doesn 't appear to be
             | plausible as a _conclusion_ (see the two articles I linked,
             | which _do_ include sources who initially wanted to explore
             | the lab leak theory), but it was plausible enough as a
             | hypothesis.
             | 
             | What I said is that _even if it is the truth_ , it evokes
             | conspiracy-oriented thinking in a specific way, and
             | elaborated on the dynamic.
             | 
             | > Each scenario has different lessons to learn,
             | culpability, etc.
             | 
             | "Culpability" -- thank you for reinforcing my point about
             | human threat agents. And also regarding "lessons to learn",
             | or as I put it, managing risks in viral research vs the
             | risks of not doing viral research... which of course is a
             | conversation that goes on anyway.
        
               | krinchan wrote:
               | I have to agree. The desperation to "blame China" seems
               | to be driven by people with fantasies about going to war
               | with China. Not even economic war with China beyond
               | current tensions is possible without completely wrecking
               | the economy in ways that will take all of us but the
               | Bezos of the world down. Very little of this seems
               | grounded in reality or good faith desire to know the
               | truth of the matter.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | >There's a huge difference. Each scenario has different
             | lessons to learn, culpability, etc.
             | 
             | Perspective matters. Yes, learning to not have it happen
             | again is an ideal thing. However, from Fauci's point of
             | view at the time and his role, the how/why absolutely
             | didn't matter as he stated.
        
         | beervirus wrote:
         | There are some thoughts you just aren't allowed to think, lest
         | you be labeled a trump-supporting nazi racist.
        
         | Giorgi wrote:
         | It is Hacker News trope really, more and more evidence mounts
         | that it was indeed - a lab leak, there has been lengthy
         | research reports from journalists on this matter, but Hacker
         | News remains in doubt. Which is strange, one kind of expects
         | Hackers to weight everything and see if theory withholds
         | scrutiny.
         | 
         | Same thing happens with that ultrasound attack against US
         | diplomates in Cuba, Hacker news users claim it was just
         | grasshopers while more and more evidence mounts it was a
         | Russian attack.
        
           | hlwez wrote:
           | NIH admitted to funding gain of function research at Wuhan.
           | 
           | Done. Over. Period.
        
           | wwweston wrote:
           | > more and more evidence mounts that it was indeed - a lab
           | leak
           | 
           | Perhaps you mean "less and less evidence"?
           | 
           | https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2021/11/18/coronavirus.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://www.science.org/content/article/why-many-
           | scientists-...
        
             | Giorgi wrote:
             | No I mean more and more evidence:
             | 
             | https://edition.cnn.com/2021/07/16/politics/biden-intel-
             | revi...
             | 
             | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-lab-leak-
             | theo...
             | 
             | https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/05/25/timeline
             | -...
        
               | wwweston wrote:
               | If you read the links I've posted, you'll note at least
               | two things about them:
               | 
               | 1) They include observation from figures who _started_
               | open to the idea that the lab leak hypothesis was
               | plausible enough to explore, but have concluded that it
               | 's unlikely (and explain why)
               | 
               | 2) They are more recent
        
               | drran wrote:
               | If you read links you've posted, you'll note that the
               | BSL4 lab in Wuhan, China is ruled out only. Did they rule
               | out <<Vector>> BSL4 lab in Novosibirsk, RF?
        
               | knownjorbist wrote:
               | Why would you link older articles as though they're part
               | of a trend, when the person you responded to had more
               | recent information to share?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | bedhead wrote:
         | Because political ideals. The left treats this as a conspiracy
         | because:
         | 
         | (1) Trump initially blamed COVID on China and the ethos of the
         | left is that Trump isn't ever allowed to be right, and "resist"
         | means unconditionally doing the opposite. So once Trump said
         | it, half the country unplugged their brains.
         | 
         | (2) It's no fun to blame a lab in Wuhan when the left could
         | instead blame DeSantis/Republicans/Unvaxxed.
         | 
         | (3) The US is kinda wimpy about a real fight over this,
         | regardless of who is in office. Xi would tell Biden (or
         | whoever) to pound sand if the US ever really tried
         | investigating this and seeking some sort of retribution. Again,
         | the path of least resistance is to stick one's head in the sand
         | and find a convenient scapegoat like Joe Rogan or whatever.
         | 
         | (4) Too many people have already definitively declared it
         | impossible so they're pot committed to their position even if
         | it's wrong, no different than mask efficacy (zero). There have
         | been a couple issues where one side went all-in so there's no
         | reversal or even slight walking back because the repetitional
         | risk is too high.
        
           | bufferoverflow wrote:
           | You pretty much nailed it. The left is so deranged in their
           | hatred, they can't consider that this explanation isn't just
           | plausible, but very likely.
        
             | knownjorbist wrote:
             | The irony in this statement is palpable. You're so
             | obviously ready to confirm your priors that you'll actively
             | go out of your way to avoid other plausible explanations.
        
           | himinlomax wrote:
           | I'm pretty sure there was a conspiracy. Not a conspiracy to
           | create a pandemic, but a conspiracy to hide an accident due
           | to incompetence. Not all conspiracies are myths, just
           | consider Watergate: there was a conspiracy to hide Nixon's
           | shenanigans. The only difference is that one happened in a
           | dictatorship while the other happened in a democracy with a
           | free press.
        
             | bedhead wrote:
             | Oh I agree, at a bare minimum there's nothing even remotely
             | wacky about the lab leak theory. I'm just explaining why
             | half the country has counterintuitively decided to brand it
             | as lunatic fringe conspiracy rather than it being self-
             | evidently plausible if not likely.
        
         | cardosof wrote:
         | I don't understand why lab leak isn't, like, the first or most
         | important investigative line. It's just a matter of asking and
         | checking - thoroughly - every person and every machine involved
         | with the lab in that timeframe. After all, "the disease is the
         | same name as the lab!" [1]
         | 
         | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSfejgwbDQ8
        
           | ayngg wrote:
           | iirc it is because it heavily implicates both Peter Daszak,
           | who was the head of the UN investigation of the Lab Leak
           | theory, who orchestrated the Lancet letter denouncing the Lab
           | Leak theory, who has now been shown to have conducted gain of
           | function research on bat coronaviruses at the WIV, and Fauci
           | who provided funding for this through Daszak's EcoHeath
           | Alliance and NHAID after there was some sort of restriction
           | on that kind of research stateside. On top of that China is
           | completely uncooperative with the effort and wouldn't provide
           | any evidence to implicate themselves.
        
         | k4c9x wrote:
         | It never really was. Reasonable conversations were being had,
         | just not on polarized platforms. People's knee-jerk reactions
         | to downvoting and "cancelling" every thing that mentioned it,
         | in good faith or bad, last year was a direct response to the
         | powers-that-were choosing the "China did it (maybe on purpose)"
         | narrative to misdirect peoples anger and frustration.
         | 
         | If those same people would have said things like "obviously,
         | it's _possible_ it was leaked from a lab, we're going to work
         | on finding that out and let you know what we find as we do. In
         | the mean time, here's what we're going to do about the
         | immediate problems we're facing..." and ended it there, there
         | wouldn't have been any backlash. That's what going on now, and
         | that's why this post (good or bad, I can't say, I can't access
         | it) wasn't flagged into oblivion the second it hit the front
         | page.
        
           | UnFleshedOne wrote:
           | When one slightly orange tinted guy can effectively ban
           | discussion of any topic on all platforms by vaguely
           | mentioning it, the problem is not that guy, it is everybody
           | else.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | newaccount2021 wrote:
         | Simple: MSM cast it as a whacko theory because Trump suggested
         | it
        
         | kipchak wrote:
         | Pretty much everyone involved stands to lose from it proving to
         | be true that a lab leak occurred. China looks bad, the CDC/US
         | looks bad, researchers look bad, EcoHealth Alliance looks
         | bad[1], the lancelet looks bad.[2] Heck even politifact and
         | factcheck.org reported the idea as debunked for the first year
         | or so, and Facebook for around the same time took down content
         | with that angle.[3] It would also likely result in a backlash
         | against interest in GOF research in general.
         | 
         | The only group that stands to benefit are those who benefit by
         | making those groups look bad, who will also unfortunately
         | exaggerate their claims for greater effect.
         | 
         | [1]https://www.bmj.com/content/374/bmj.n1656
         | 
         | [2]https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6
         | ...
         | 
         | [3]https://www.politico.com/news/2021/05/26/facebook-ban-
         | covid-...
        
           | nbardy wrote:
           | This is a spot on description. It's also the sad truth of why
           | our institutions are decaying.
           | 
           | They have become heavily biased towards self-preservation
           | over function.
        
             | whatshisface wrote:
             | The real question is why self-preservation cannot best be
             | obtained through functioning.
        
               | thereddaikon wrote:
               | because organizations are made up of people and people
               | are imperfect. Eventually someone is bound to screw up
               | large enough to put an organization's survival at risk.
               | And the natural response by other members to try and
               | suppress knowledge to ensure survival. That of course
               | just makes things worse.
        
               | iechoz6H wrote:
               | Isn't that because there is insufficient jeopardy for
               | covering up a mistake?
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | Good leaders are merciful to sins confessed and decisive
               | towards sins discovered.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | People don't like to change and a lot of the time for
               | institutions to continue existing they need a radical
               | shift in their approach or outlook.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | christkv wrote:
           | The other problem is the damage they have done to the
           | institutions and the publics trust. Even if it's a natural
           | event they all have to go. Who can trust them to tell the
           | truth the next time. They have burned those bridges.
        
           | jimmytucson wrote:
           | > The only group that stands to benefit are those who benefit
           | by making those groups look bad, who will also unfortunately
           | exaggerate their claims for greater effect.
           | 
           | Does this also hold for Root Cause Analysis?
        
             | kipchak wrote:
             | Assuming there was a lab leak, the root cause to me would
             | seem to be organizations overestimating the benefit from
             | GOF research compared to the risks. Why that happened is a
             | bit harder to answer. A couple potential explanations are a
             | leak was actually a one in a million chance (this seems
             | unlikely given past issues)[1], there is some extreme
             | benefit we just haven't seen yet (also seems somewhat
             | unlikely) or organizations are likely to accept risks if it
             | means everyone gets to keep their jobs and grants keep
             | coming in.
             | 
             | How to fix that problem is difficult, as gain of function
             | research is complicated and obscure enough to be off the
             | radar of most people until something goes wrong, so
             | questioning scientific orthodoxy is somewhat impossible for
             | the average person. I'm not sure what can be done about it,
             | other than those with respectable credentials advocating
             | for transparency and and regular people maintaining a
             | healthy sense of curiosity.
             | 
             | [1]https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=837679
        
           | richardw wrote:
           | What looks bad is having millions of people die and not
           | learning how to prevent it in future. This should be a
           | blameless post-mortem. Shit went wrong, this is how we fix
           | it. Truth and reconciliation, not hide-behind-feels. The
           | people who want to apportion blame grow stronger from all
           | this cat and mouse.
        
             | coolspot wrote:
             | Governments likely have it in form of top-secret
             | intelligence reports for top decision makers.
        
           | [deleted]
        
             | mistermann wrote:
             | _Or so logic would suggest_ , but observation suggest
             | otherwise, at least for ~mainstream/normal people.
        
           | sauwan wrote:
           | I was with you up to here:
           | 
           | >The only group that stands to benefit are those who benefit
           | by making those groups look bad
           | 
           | I mean, collectively as humans we stand to benefit from
           | knowing what happened so we can make more informed cost
           | benefit decisions in the future about conducting risky
           | research (if that's what happened).
           | 
           | There's going to be quite a bit more externalizing risk while
           | "privatizing" (even if it's nation states) gains in the
           | future with bio-engineering, so these conversations should be
           | had.
        
             | colpabar wrote:
             | > I mean, collectively as humans we stand to benefit from
             | knowing what happened so we can make more informed cost
             | benefit decisions in the future about conducting risky
             | research (if that's what happened).
             | 
             | You're not wrong, but I think what you're missing is that
             | the risky research was funded (in part) by the us federal
             | government, and no one voted for that in the first place.
             | So even if we were all enlightened, what could we change?
             | So many people _still_ don 't even know that there was a
             | lab studying coronaviruses in wuhan.
        
               | richardw wrote:
               | You could highlight all the research being conducted in
               | future so more stakeholders can weigh in on the risks.
               | You can raise the requirements for conducting such
               | research, or in extreme cases prevent it from being done.
               | The assumption that "nothing can be done" has to be the
               | worst approach, given the multitude of alternatives.
               | Simply trying increases the odds that improvements are
               | found.
        
               | csee wrote:
               | They voted for it via representative democracy. If it
               | comes out that there was a leak and politicians still
               | want to fund this kind of thing, then they'll get less
               | votes.
        
               | darkerside wrote:
               | Nobody votes for most things in a representative
               | democracy. I don't think you'd be surprised to know that
               | bad press is effective at changing behavior.
               | 
               | The notable exception is Donald Trump, whose superpower
               | is that shame causes him to double down. He's the
               | kryptonite for a representative democracy. Just because
               | of that, I'll never understand why people voted him in.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | People voted for it indirectly and if they knew that the
               | virus originated because of that (I'm not saying it did,
               | I have no idea) it would allow them to pressure
               | politicians in insuring it never happens again.
        
             | kipchak wrote:
             | I definitely agree that there's good reason to know what
             | actually happened, if for nothing else for the sake of long
             | term trust in institutions. Instead of group, something
             | more like organizations and institutions with the ability
             | to investigate and hold people accountable would probably
             | be more accurate.
        
             | edgyquant wrote:
             | I want to disagree with you and say it doesn't matter, but
             | you're definitely right hiding bad situations is in the
             | playbook of the authoritarian and should have no place in
             | our society.
        
               | darkerside wrote:
               | We have always been at war with Eurasia
        
               | csee wrote:
               | It matters in the same way that understanding why a plane
               | crashed matters. If you can't figure out why a plane
               | crashed then you can't improve flight safety much.
        
               | inciampati wrote:
               | This is a helpful apolitical perspective. We need to
               | improve social safety. But the pandemic is different in
               | scope. It's not that the plane crashed. Rather, our
               | technology "may have" allowed us to accidentally make a
               | pandemic. It's as if no plane crash had ever occurred
               | before, and now we made one happen. If we understand what
               | really happened, we might see this event as bringing us
               | into a new era in our evolution. The fact that we can
               | imagine this to be the case even while firmly denying it
               | to be what happened it's a firm sign that the times have
               | changed.
        
             | baby wrote:
             | Transparency is the most important tool in becoming a
             | better society.
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | > I mean, collectively as humans we stand to benefit from
             | knowing what happened so we can make more informed cost
             | benefit decisions in the future about conducting risky
             | research (if that's what happened).
             | 
             | I really don't think so. Knowing what actually happened
             | makes no difference. What is important is knowing what
             | problems exist and what can possibly happen as a
             | consequence of them.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | > _" I really don't think so. Knowing what actually
               | happened makes no difference. What is important is
               | knowing what problems exist and what can possibly happen
               | as a consequence of them."_
               | 
               | Doing a root cause analysis is useful, because it
               | provides you with information about certain modes of
               | failure and their causes. Ignoring past failures, and
               | using a 'tabula rasa' approach will deprive decision-
               | makers of valuable information, and lead to repeating
               | past errors.
        
             | InvertedRhodium wrote:
             | That's such a diffuse benefit that you'd need to compare it
             | to other things that benefit literally everyone alive - for
             | example, the environment which sustains our existence - to
             | determine how effective a motivator that is.
             | 
             | It's not looking great.
        
           | jdjdjrj wrote:
           | Politifact and factcheck get plenty of things wrong so I
           | wouldn't say "heck even" to that. These websites are a joke.
        
         | OwlsParlay wrote:
         | It's plausible, sure, but it'll never be proven, especially at
         | this distance.
        
         | tunesmith wrote:
         | Because the stupiderati immediately jump from that to it being
         | deliberate. It makes it very hard to talk about in an open
         | community.
        
           | merpnderp wrote:
           | Wouldn't the type of heated rhetoric you used be part of why
           | it is difficult to talk about?
        
             | tunesmith wrote:
             | Fine, referring to them as "stupiderati" was over the line.
             | But generally, it is the people who hear "lab leak" and
             | immediately jump to the conclusion that it was 100%
             | deliberate that make it difficult to talk about.
        
         | Jerry2 wrote:
         | By cherry-picking that particular lab leak, you're making it
         | look like this only happens in 'other' countries. Plenty of lab
         | leaks have happened right here in the US.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_laboratory_biosecurity...
        
         | mackal wrote:
         | I think part of the push back from the lab leak theory is that
         | it's often accompanied by lab created and leaked. I'm far from
         | an expert, but from what I understand, there are 0 signs it was
         | lab created. Now isolated from the wild in a lab and then
         | leaked is still considered possible, but they just don't know.
        
         | MilnerRoute wrote:
         | _> ...the so-called  "lab leak theory" of origin for sars-cov2_
         | 
         | That isn't what this article is about.
         | 
         | I thought the article actually did a real public service by
         | moving the discussion beyond whether Covid did or didn't emerge
         | from the Wuhan market. Because either way, it's much much more
         | important to say, "how could we, in the future, prevent the
         | scenario of a lab leak from happening."
         | 
         | It keeps the discussion focused on what's important.
        
         | sleepysysadmin wrote:
         | >i don't understand why the so-called "lab leak theory" of
         | origin for sars-cov2 is treated as some sort of conspiracy
         | theory. it is completely plausible, and things like this have
         | happened in the past
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sverdlovsk_anthrax_leak), not
         | due to malice but due to incompetence.
         | 
         | It's remarkable how quickly they settled on bats and everything
         | but this was misinformation that would get you banned from
         | various american tech companies.
         | 
         | It's also remarkable how quickly they moved to shutdown many
         | discussions. The lab leak only months earlier from Canada where
         | a chinese national shipped viruses to wuhan.
         | https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/chinese-researcher-e...
         | 
         | There's no evidence of coronavirus being involved at all with
         | the canadian lady, but they sure did call it conspiracy theory
         | and shutdown talks quick.
         | 
         | Throw this in context of a pissing match with China and Canada.
         | https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/26/china/meng-wanzhou-china-arri...
         | and China in return arresting and putting Canada diplomats on
         | death row.
         | 
         | I think lots of answers came along from fauci's emails. All of
         | these are not coincidences and China is probably not the source
         | of covid. Hence why there was such a quick reaction to blame
         | china.
         | 
         | Blame Canada!
        
         | hiddencost wrote:
         | Most of the people pushing the lab leak hypothesis have the
         | specific goal of fomenting anti China sentiment. Trump ignored
         | covid despite the extensive advice of experts and then tried to
         | distract from his failure by trying to foment war with China.
         | This argument is an extension of that.
        
           | kspacewalk2 wrote:
           | What Trump believes or uses for his political gain does not
           | magically become incorrect by virtue of being believed or
           | used by Trump. I don't think you're trying to suggest
           | anything as silly as that, but still worth explicitly
           | pointing out.
           | 
           | Trumpian tempests should remain in a teapot of their own, and
           | lab leak theory should be discussed on its own merit.
           | Xenophobia innuendos and "but Trump" dog whistles are
           | unhelpful in sussing out the truth.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > What Trump believes or uses for his political gain does
             | not magically become incorrect by virtue of being believed
             | or used by Trump.
             | 
             | OTOH, I will tell you that I definitely look at what my
             | daughter says with a far more critical eye than I do what
             | my son says, because my daughter has a track record of
             | lying and my son does not.
        
           | s5300 wrote:
           | Probably more so trying to distract from the fact he's over
           | $200m in debt to the CCP. Wouldn't want anybody looking too
           | deeply into that.
        
         | notacoward wrote:
         | Nobody associates it with a conspiracy theory just because it
         | gets mentioned. That happens because the people most
         | aggressively pushing it online often make that association
         | _themselves_. In between demands for expensive new
         | investigations, they often veer off into talk of Dasczak is
         | part of a vast gain-of-function underground and Fauci is
         | helping them cover it up, and Big Pharma is pushing vaccines
         | because they can 't make a profit from ivermectin, and
         | something something about discouraging masks at the start of
         | the pandemic, and mask/vaccine mandates are somehow part of a
         | plot to destroy America, and so on _ad nauseam_. Seen plenty of
         | it right here. Such people might be a small minority of the
         | people who think we should look more closely at virus research
         | standards, but they 're an incredibly visible minority and
         | their stridency causes the whole issue to be framed in
         | conspiracy-theory terms.
        
           | dnautics wrote:
           | What? Unless I'm mistaken, There is no GOF underground with
           | Dasczak, it's very above ground (to be clear, the NIH didn't
           | fund GOF on SARS-Cov2, just on... adjacent viruses). Don't
           | know if Fauci is covering it up, but he certainly hasn't
           | stepped forward to condemn Dasczak, even though the NIH
           | already has condemned EcoHealthAllicance.
           | 
           | It's also kind of insane that Dasczak was a lead signatory to
           | the "this is not a lab leak" opinion piece without disclosing
           | a MAJOR conflict of interest. He should have stayed out of
           | it.
        
           | merpnderp wrote:
           | If you don't think a lot of people died early on in the US
           | because the Surgeon General went on TV and said masks were
           | basically useless for the average person, with every
           | talk/news show running pieces about how you'd just touch a
           | doorknob then your eye, and thus are more likely to get
           | infected by wearing a mask, then you either can't remember
           | what happened or are ideologically driven.
        
             | lazyasciiart wrote:
             | But that's totally irrelevant to where the virus came from,
             | unless you're arguing that there's a massive global
             | conspiracy.
        
               | merpnderp wrote:
               | I was just pointing out that in his etc etc ad nausea
               | example, at least one point the people he disagreed with
               | were making was right. And they're partially right about
               | the vaccine motivations which is to make money.
               | Ivermectin doesn't need big pharma to make it look bad,
               | but if ivermectin worked it wouldn't be a big change from
               | historical norms for large corporate competition to
               | downplay it. It's not some weird conspiracy theory to say
               | big pharmaceutical companies have done shady stuff and
               | broken laws to push their drugs.
        
         | api wrote:
         | Everyone I've seen discussing it treats it as possible. The
         | "conspiracy theory" part comes in when people claim or speak as
         | if it's proven when it absolutely is not. There is no smoking
         | gun evidence for it, but it can't be ruled out either.
         | 
         | That in itself is kind of scary though. It means a lab leak
         | could happen silently and we may never correctly attribute it.
        
         | elif wrote:
         | NYT treating it like a conspiracy theory is consistent with
         | their editorial deference to official government narratives.
        
         | bewaretheirs wrote:
         | Marburg (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967_Marburg_virus_outbr
         | eak_in...) is another notable lab leak.
         | 
         | Might be a better match in some ways as it was a previously
         | unknown pathogen, from a previously unknown family of viruses,
         | isolated only after several lab workers got sick.
        
           | dls2016 wrote:
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC416634/
           | 
           | " The World Health Organization has confirmed that breaches
           | of safety procedures on at least two occasions at one of
           | Beijing's top virology laboratories were the probable cause
           | of the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
           | there last month, which infected nine people, one of whom
           | died."
           | 
           | It even happened with a coronavirus in China before!
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | Because there is a whole contingent of people who take the
         | argument in bad faith for xenophobic reasons and there is not a
         | lot of solid evidence in this case to argue in good faith
         | beyond "theoretically possible."
        
           | umanwizard wrote:
           | Whether unsavory people believe in something has zero bearing
           | on whether it's true.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | Unfortunately, the unsavory people don't live in a vacuum
             | separate from us. If it ends up being true, then it's true,
             | and whomever is President at the time will do what they can
             | do. If it ends up being false, however, the people
             | (generally Asian Americans) who have been maimed, or killed
             | by those unsavory people in the meanwhile don't get an
             | undo. Continued discussion with no new real evidence, like
             | the situation with Hillary Clinton's emails, is propaganda,
             | pure and simple.
        
               | boppo1 wrote:
               | I dunno, I always though the lab leak theory was less
               | racist than laying blame at the feet of the dietary
               | habits of low-income chinese.
        
               | coupdejarnac wrote:
               | It's almost as if everyone has forgotten that the wet
               | market/eating strange things hypothesis was concocted by
               | the Chinese government.
               | 
               | You guys should see the propaganda du jour- the Chinese
               | government claims covid comes from deer in North America.
        
               | systemvoltage wrote:
               | Which was also based on equal amounts of flaky evidence
               | guided by the people that didn't want to associate
               | themselves to the acting President at the time and his
               | party. These people left truth behind, butchered science,
               | eroded trust and sacrificed their integrity. In tough
               | times, our leadership didn't stand up for the truth.
               | 
               | I think the society would be far better off if we
               | completely cut out politics and make it super boring.
               | Relentless push to put behind this tribal warfare and
               | serve the truth, however uncomfortable it may be.
               | 
               | Lex Fridman's interview with the NIH director was eye-
               | opening. They're acting like children. Of course, you
               | can't see how unpopular it was because Youtube has hidden
               | the dislikes. The cocktail of Big Tech + ruling party is
               | equally as scary to me as Trumpism.
        
             | Loughla wrote:
             | That's sort of covered by the second half, though
             | 
             | >and there is not a lot of solid evidence in this case to
             | argue in good faith beyond "theoretically possible."
             | 
             | Also, bad faith arguments tend to be posited on the fact
             | that they are incorrect. Otherwise they would just be
             | arguments.
        
           | himinlomax wrote:
           | And hiding something because it's believed by bad people is
           | going to make those bad people look like heroes when they
           | turn out to have been right in this particular instance.
           | 
           | If the goal is to make racists look good, that's a great
           | plan.
           | 
           | Personally I rate the plausibility of a lab leak at over 90%.
           | Quick back of the envelope: there is one such lab in China,
           | where there are about 100 cities with over 1 million
           | inhabitants. The probability that a pandemic randomly
           | appeared in any one of them is therefore 1%, or put another
           | way, there is a 99% probability that it appeared in Wuhan
           | because of a link to the lab. There has been no new
           | information in the past two years to change that assessment.
        
         | Gunax wrote:
         | Sorry to grand-stand a bit, but I think the narrative is
         | missing the point of the 'lab leak theory'.
         | 
         | The 'lab leak' is actually a bit of a misnomer. What they
         | really mean is that it was created/modified/bred intentionally,
         | versus just being discovered in some bat cave or whatever.
         | 
         | It's not the _leaking_ per se that is what worries people--it
         | 's the idea that this has a human-created origin. It's an
         | experiment or weapon which was accidentally leaked to the
         | world.
        
         | zionic wrote:
         | Also the emails saying things like "this could do to virology
         | what chernobyl did to nuclear science".
         | 
         | They know their cushy careers and research grants are gone if
         | they normalize the lab leak.
        
           | throwawaygh wrote:
           | _> They know their cushy careers and research grants are gone
           | if they normalize the lab leak. _
           | 
           | These sorts of comments on HN are always fascinating to me.
           | 
           | Scientific researchers make $20K/yr for 6 years of their 20s,
           | often working 60 hour - 80 hour weeks. If they are
           | successful, around the age of 30 they will then make between
           | $40K and $60K in a temporary, term-limited position (post-
           | doc). This might repeat several times -- each more stressful
           | than the last -- until they land a permanent job. Still
           | working like dogs the whole time, btw. That final permanent
           | job, which very few will ever actually get, probably pays
           | between $60K and $100K. A very lucky few among the lucky few
           | might make up to $200K by the time they turn 40, but most
           | will never surpass $150K in their lives.
           | 
           | My undergrad mentees all make $160K+ as 22 year olds, often
           | get to $300K pretty quickly, and will max out in the >$500K
           | range some time in their 30s.
           | 
           | Software folks accusing life scientists of getting fat off of
           | research grant money is really something else.
        
             | chipotle_coyote wrote:
             | I've often found that when people take a _" follow the
             | money, man"_ position on an argument, they are not in fact
             | following the money. e.g., the arguments I used to see
             | against anthropogenic global warming based on essentially
             | the same idea you're pushing back on -- that it was a fraud
             | perpetrated by climate scientists so they'd keep raking in
             | the donations and grants. When I inquired as to why "follow
             | the money" wouldn't in fact suggest far greater skepticism
             | of oil companies in the debate, I never got much of a
             | response.
        
         | mjfl wrote:
         | The people smart enough to conduct investigations into this
         | know that the only outcomes will be harsher restrictions on lab
         | research stateside without much consequences for China, and
         | thus they are unmotivated.
        
           | siva7 wrote:
           | This is the unfortunate truth on the psychological side.
           | There is simply no motivation to push the lab leak theory for
           | those scientists involved. Not for the chinese because that
           | would be their death sentence and not for the outside world
           | because funding and restrictions will get a lot harsher. On
           | the other side everyone can live with the other theories
           | because they imply more research funding and no one has to
           | die for political reasons.
        
             | Supermancho wrote:
             | > Not for the chinese because that would be their death
             | sentence
             | 
             | I don't believe it would affect "the Chinese" at all, other
             | than spending time to ladle out a new dose of conditioning
             | for their own public.
        
               | meibo wrote:
               | Maybe they meant the death sentence for the team of
               | scientists working on coronavirus research at the Wuhan
               | virology lab, that surely must have had to make some kind
               | of statement to the Chinese state if it did exist. I'm
               | sure they have the greatest interest to leave the rest of
               | the country and world in the dark.
        
           | Ambolia wrote:
           | We should have leashed very short both politicians and
           | virologists after this disaster, but the blame game has been
           | shifted very skillfully at every point, from anybody worrying
           | about a pandemic, to anybody not worrying about it, to your
           | neighbor who wears the mask wrong, to three guys in the
           | middle of desert who didn't take the vaccine, while nobody
           | with power ever answers about anything.
        
           | nextos wrote:
           | Well, but we certainly need to do something about this. SARS-
           | CoV-2 is relatively mild compared to other potential lab
           | leaks.
           | 
           | It has nothing to do with taking an anti China stance, as
           | this has happened elsewhere.
           | 
           | It would also be advisable to investigate the early stages of
           | the pandemic as clearly many parties were deliberately hiding
           | information. This led to avoidable casualties and,
           | ultimately, the whole pandemic might have been possible to
           | contain.
        
             | nickff wrote:
             | > _" It has nothing to do with taking an anti China stance,
             | as this has happened elsewhere."_
             | 
             | This is a classic collective action problem, not some
             | nationalistic thing (though some will believe or pretend it
             | is). Each specific lab wants relatively lax rules and no
             | consequences for failures, but everyone else needs higher
             | standards.
        
         | adt2bt wrote:
         | If I had to guess, it's something along these lines (again I'm
         | just guessing, these are general social sentiments that I
         | observed over the past 2 years):
         | 
         | 1. Trump mismanaged the pandemic, this resulted in cognitive
         | dissonance amongst his supporters. (they like him but their
         | brain doesn't like the feeling that it was wrong)
         | 
         | 2. A 'convenient' explanation to avoid this dissonance is COVID
         | is a Chinese bio-weapon. They (big bad China) released COVID to
         | make Trump look bad and to kill Americans.
         | 
         | 3. Liberals, seeing through this, push back on this generally
         | unsubstantiated claim (at the time and potentially even now)
         | that COVID is a bio-weapon. In the eyes of most, Liberals have
         | taken the side of 'COVID is a natural random mutation, not a
         | lab leak'.
         | 
         | 4. Now whether or not it's a lab leak or natural is a political
         | game, where your team wins depending on where the facts finally
         | lie (or if you can manufacture enough support for your 'side').
         | 
         | 5. See: Rand Paul v Fauci in various senate hearings about
         | gain-of-function research and funding for a Wuhan lab &
         | generally liberals trying not to talk about it because it would
         | be another example of them 'lying' in the eyes of conservatives
         | (think 'masks don't help' but alllll over again).
        
           | umanwizard wrote:
           | Spot on. Nearly everything these days gets shoehorned into
           | the insane US culture war, including the origins of Covid.
        
             | dnautics wrote:
             | I don't buy this, obviously not an unbiased sample, but
             | most individual liberals I know are on board with it being
             | a lab leak. Can't necessarily say that about 'liberal
             | leadership class' in the US, though.
        
               | adt2bt wrote:
               | (GP here) I generally agree with this. It's why I wrote
               | 'in the eyes of most'. IMO liberals are bad at defining
               | their own opinions in the court of public opinion, and
               | often are viewed as !Conservative, even if their views
               | are more nuanced.
        
           | dwaltrip wrote:
           | This seems like a pretty good take to me. As an American who
           | cares a lot about having compelling reasons for my beliefs
           | and opinions, it's so fucking exhausting.
           | 
           | Lately, I've been getting more comfortable with just saying
           | "I don't know" for the latest controversial topic. It's not
           | great for making small talk though.
        
         | 1270018080 wrote:
         | The bottom tier of society REALLY wants it to be out of malice.
        
           | edgyquant wrote:
           | It's like religion in the ancient days. When a plague or
           | earthquake hit people didn't understand (didn't want to
           | understand) that these are the effects of a giant mechanical
           | system and not the fault of anyone. The ancients created gods
           | to justify these things, modern people blame the great other.
           | 
           | If you were French in the 1890s you'd love to blame any
           | societal tragedy on Germans, if you were German in the 20s
           | you'd be blaming France, etc.
        
             | opportune wrote:
             | Yeah. There are still plenty of people in modern times that
             | want a singular scapegoat for an accident. And even people
             | who think natural disasters are a result of god punishing
             | us for allowing people to be homosexual
        
         | jokethrowaway wrote:
         | It's politics.
         | 
         | China needed to buy some time so that there wouldn't be
         | pressure for sanctions due to covid, so all the Chinese shills
         | started calling it a conspiracy theory.
        
           | edgyquant wrote:
           | I don't think so. Not that I believe it's impossible it
           | originated in China from a lab accident, I think you should
           | have proof before claiming that but okay. But when people
           | started claiming it came from China they weren't doing so off
           | of hard evidence or being rational. They were doing so
           | because of xenophobia and nationalist pride and it's just
           | easier to blame these problems on an other than it is to
           | believe shit happens.
           | 
           | Now this year there have been more scientific minded people
           | who have proposed a pretty rational set of circumstances that
           | it could have came from China, but
           | 
           | 1. These circumstances are not proven and are little more
           | than a hunch of what could be, and
           | 
           | 2. The type of people who push the "Chinavirus" rhetoric
           | aren't those same scientific minds thinking rationally and
           | instead they've had their opinion slightly verified by more
           | recent understanding (again, slightly, because there is no
           | proof.)
        
             | systemvoltage wrote:
             | > But when people started claiming it came from China they
             | weren't doing so off of hard evidence or being rational.
             | 
             | Here is the NIH director being asked uncomfortable
             | questions and being completely irrational:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mRZE-SJShkE
             | 
             | This comment summarizes it better than I can:
             | 
             | > I'm curious why Dr. Collins believes so strongly that a
             | lab leak was unlikely, that is his reasoning, given that he
             | states SARS had leaked on at least a couple different
             | occasions resulting in some deaths, yet was quickly
             | contained. The non-answer to this question, or his
             | reference to an investigation into the intermediary, which
             | he admits has not yet been found and will take much time,
             | are insufficient to address the elephant in the room. It's
             | frustrating hearing "trust the experts and bureaucracy"
             | when throughout the interview so many instances of
             | incompetence and failure exist in history. The question
             | needs to be asked regarding gain of function and yet Mr.
             | Collins is more concerned about the reputation of the
             | scientific community. Both are important, but how can we
             | have a public conversation without probing Senators like
             | Rand Paul? "Public" conversations within the scientific
             | community are referenced by Dr. Collins as well as the
             | achievements of the Human Genome Project, but I don't
             | understand how he can be so defensive of public figures'
             | reputations. Again, how are we to have conversations and
             | trust when the bureaucrats and scientific community don't
             | communicate answers to these huge problems! Excuse us, Mr.
             | Collins, but we just had a major pandemic and this current
             | version of SARS was not contained and you can say you wish
             | China were more forthcoming, but perhaps those three
             | instances of gain of function research in the flu versus
             | your woeful insufficient in my opinion defense of a natural
             | gain of function and leak in the case of SARS covid-2, at
             | least deserves some respectful, humble conversation.
             | Labeling Senators as playing politics is not helpful since,
             | in regards to Dr. Paul, what alternative to asking
             | questions do you propose to serve the public interest?
             | (This is coming from someone who read Dr. Collins book "DNA
             | The Language of Life" having enjoyed this book as one of
             | the best on the topic of science and faith.)
             | 
             | I am sure the Director of NIH didn't get to this position
             | with incompetence. Good men are being turned into a hot
             | mess. I would still trust NIH but they really need to clean
             | up. I want to hold CDC and NIH more accountable than say
             | some lunatic saying "China virus" on Parlor.
        
         | rsynnott wrote:
         | Well, there's not much evidence for it. And, honestly, there's
         | arguably an aspect of wishful thinking to it. "This was the
         | result of a leak" is much less scary than "this just showed
         | up", because in the leak scenario, the next one probably
         | _could_ be stopped through better procedures, whereas the
         | entirely natural scenario... well, there are some precautions
         | that can be taken, but good luck preventing exiting new viruses
         | from showing up from time to time.
        
           | MilnerRoute wrote:
           | _> ...good luck preventing exiting new viruses from showing
           | up from time to time._
           | 
           | But even with a "natural origin," there are things that could
           | be done. I've heard it said that the real Chinese cover-up in
           | that scenario is the widespread trading of wild animals (with
           | one wild animal vendor even travelling from Wuhan to other
           | markets which China had insisted only sold frozen food and
           | kitchenware).
           | 
           | https://news.yahoo.com/virologist-suggests-coronavirus-
           | origi...
           | 
           | You still have the same problem in the end: a "lack of
           | transparency" (if not downright dishonesty) from the Chinese
           | government. And also, an obvious avenue for reforming the
           | dangers that helped spread the 2020 pandemic -- which is not
           | being explored because of difficulties in even establishing
           | the facts of the initial outbreak.
           | 
           | I honestly don't know why this idea -- this possibility, this
           | scenario -- isn't getting equal consideration.
        
           | postalrat wrote:
           | So what's the harm in accepting it was a lab leak? You might
           | end up with better procedures?
        
             | kspacewalk2 wrote:
             | Better for whom? Certainly not for the labs. It's far
             | better for the labs to draw their own conclusions from the
             | leak, privately, at their own pace. Also, there's a
             | significant financial disincentive: funding for gain of
             | function research will be severely impacted by recognizing
             | the lab leak as the most plausible explanation.
        
               | inciampati wrote:
               | Right now I'd conclude that you can accidentally release
               | things from labs with virtually no consequences. Just
               | make sure that a similar virus exists naturally somewhere
               | on the same continent, don't share any internal records,
               | don't let your staff talk to the press, and you have
               | plausible deniability.
        
           | torstenvl wrote:
           | Closest known relatives of virus behind COVID-19 found in
           | Laos
           | 
           | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02596-2
           | 
           | The NIAID claimed that it didn't fund research into BANAL-52
           | and similar. "the closest known relatives of SARS-CoV-2 . . .
           | were not studied under the EcoHealth Alliance grant"
           | 
           | https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/coronavirus-
           | ba...
           | 
           | However, that was recently revealed to be extremely unlikely,
           | since bat coronavirus samples were in _fact_ collected from
           | Laos, where BANAL-52 was located. Even more suspiciously, the
           | Laos genetic samples disappeared from the WIV database in
           | late 2019.
           | 
           | https://wap.business-standard.com/article/current-
           | affairs/wu...
        
       | cletus wrote:
       | There are many variations of the "lab leak" theory for Covid-19.
       | For example:
       | 
       | 1. Was the sample found or engineered? Or found then engineered?
       | 
       | 2. Was it a deliberate leak or accidental?
       | 
       | Here are some open questions that haven't been answered or
       | examined (at least publicly) to a sufficient degree:
       | 
       | 1. If Covid-19 jumped from an animal species to humans, possibly
       | through another animal, then why hasn't it been found in the
       | wild? For example, SARS was relatively quickly found in the wild.
       | To date there's been no equivalent discovery of the lineage of
       | human-transmissible Covid-19. An alternative theory, that
       | Covid-19 spread to humans at a wet market, would strongly suggest
       | that Covid-19 would be found in the wild;
       | 
       | 2. The Chinese had a database of Covid strains that was taken
       | offline in late 2019. To the best of my knowledge, no independent
       | third-party has been able to examine the contents of this
       | database and see if it relates to Covid-19;
       | 
       | 3. Covid-19 seems to be related to bat coronavirus strains from
       | hundreds of miles away. How was the jump made? Through what
       | species? and
       | 
       | 4. We don't really know who Patient Zero was.
       | 
       | None of this adds up to positive evidence of any variation of the
       | "lab leak" theory but given that there is no alternative theory
       | that holds up to serious scrutiny or doesn't have serious flaws
       | or unanswered questions, it has to stay in the running.
       | 
       | My suspicion is the Chinese government doesn't know either but,
       | more importantly, they don't want to know because absolutely no
       | good can come from that becoming public. There is literally no
       | upside. This applies on the individual level too. If you're a
       | manager of a lab or even just a lab technician, do you really
       | want to be held responsible, even just in the public eye, for
       | "starting" Covid-19? God, no. That may well be bad for you, your
       | family, the government and countless others.
       | 
       | So there's a concerted effort to not know.
       | 
       | And the WHO's response to all this has been utterly anemic from
       | the early days of the pandemic where China's pronouncements were
       | taken at face value to the late joint investigation with
       | laughably narrow frames of reference.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | alevskaya wrote:
         | CS people always underestimate the difficulty of this stuff. I
         | used to be a genetic engineer: Even in the best of times doing
         | real field science on the lineage analysis of sars-cov-2 would
         | take many many years. In a time of acute political hostility it
         | will take much longer.
         | 
         | You argue it's just political expediency not to look, when the
         | truth is that it is brutally difficult work to "prove" any
         | exact zoonotic sequence even if the political will is there in
         | abundance. (It took a ~decade for sars-1, and the story's still
         | a bit unclear with ebola.) The global scientific community does
         | want to figure this out, but the lab-leak circus has made the
         | job infinitely harder.
         | 
         | We do know of very close sarbecovirus relatives in Yunnan and
         | Laos. Given the early epidemiological nexus of the wet markets
         | there is every reason to believe this arose out of a reservoir
         | in the fur or meat industry... but given the amount of animal
         | culling that has occurred, it could be a real challenge to
         | figure out the exact intermediate host, especially given the
         | enormously broad mammalian host range of sars-cov-2 and the
         | number of animal species commonly sold in those wet markets.
        
           | himinlomax wrote:
           | It wouldn't be hard, from a technical or scientific point of
           | view, to give access to the labs' files to an independent
           | commission of inquiry. That's what democracies do, but
           | obviously not communist dictatorships. If there was a leak,
           | it could be easily found, and if there wasn't, while the
           | absence of evidence would not be definite proof, it would
           | lower the plausibility for the hypothesis.
        
         | Imnimo wrote:
         | >If Covid-19 jumped from an animal species to humans, possibly
         | through another animal, then why hasn't it been found in the
         | wild? For example, SARS was relatively quickly found in the
         | wild.
         | 
         | On the other hand, Ebola's animal reservoir remains uncertain.
         | The implication of the question is that all animal reservoirs
         | are easily and quickly discovered, but just because that's true
         | for some examples doesn't mean its universally true, and
         | doesn't mean that lack of a known animal reservoir is strong
         | evidence against the existence of one.
        
         | PicassoCTs wrote:
         | The whole gain of function boost was created to prevent a 2nd
         | SARS and was shifted to china, as funding dried up, the further
         | the event wandered into the "distant" past.
         | 
         | Covid is neither a bioweapon nor a step-ladder for
         | totalitarians worldwide. Its simply necessary un-bribeable
         | politics and change, despite systemic dysfunction.
         | 
         | That massive turn-around in society we need, we always demand
         | and secretly fear, its upon us now and no lobbyist can put that
         | djinn permanently back into the bottle.
         | 
         | One variant and we are back into our walls, condemned to bread
         | and games and the realization, that infinite growth is
         | unnecessary.
         | 
         | So compared to the massive disaster ahead, with billions of
         | dead, this is quite a gentle steering maneuver. Sure those who
         | are mentally not agile enough to travel to this different world
         | currently born, well they will stay behind and swept away with
         | the refugee crisis yet to come.
         | 
         | The rest of us - we will stay peaceful, although loosing it
         | all, with just a cellphone to dream and play on in some
         | tattered tent.
         | 
         | And this is the best outcome, and if you weight the future
         | billions against the current million dead, even a moral one.
         | 
         | Now downvote, the advocate of benevolent diabolo.
        
           | canaus wrote:
           | What do you mean by massive disaster ahead? Are you stating
           | there is a massive disaster ahead, or COVID has steered us
           | into a direction that adverts that?
        
       | Ambolia wrote:
       | Nobody took responsibility for the first one nor seem interested
       | in investigating it, but I should worry about the next one?
        
       | Kenji wrote:
       | Nobody should be afraid. Fear is not an emotion to cultivate.
       | Enjoy your life until you meet the grim reaper, regardless of
       | whether that happens tomorrow or in 50 years.
        
       | ramesh31 wrote:
       | I think we have to accept at this point that pandora's box has
       | been opened with our ability to now directly synthesize genetic
       | material and modify organisms. It wont be long before anarchic
       | hackers can start doing this just to troll the world. There's
       | sort of a parallel with computing, where viruses were never
       | really a problem until everyone had access to the technology. I
       | can see a future where we all need to get regular "security
       | upgrades" installed to our immune systems in the form of an mRNA
       | cocktail tailored to the latest bio threats that have been
       | released.
        
         | idiotsecant wrote:
         | >I can see a future where we all need to get regular "security
         | upgrades" installed to our immune systems in the form of an
         | mRNA cocktail tailored to the latest bio threats that have been
         | released.
         | 
         | I think it's inevitable, along with a medical infrastructure
         | that tailors therapies to individual genome. The world is going
         | to become a very dangerous place to the portion of our
         | population that can't afford the latest updates.
        
           | sterlind wrote:
           | if the FDA switches to approving drug
           | development/manufacturing processes, rather than the final
           | products themselves, mRNA vaccines could be made on-demand,
           | quickly enough to do this.
           | 
           | for instance, CAR-T immunotherapy is such a process. no
           | patient's dose is the same, since it involves removing
           | T-lymphocytes from the patient, genetically modifying them in
           | a bespoke way, and putting them back in. if the process
           | itself weren't approved, you'd need to run clinical trials on
           | every individual dose.
           | 
           | pipeline approvals are probably at least a decade away,
           | though it'd be very smart if the government would get it all
           | ready in case we need it.
        
         | Barrin92 wrote:
         | yes honestly I'm surprised that so much attention is devoted to
         | lab leaks and state actors who at least have a self-
         | preservation instinct compared to explicit bioterrorism by
         | groups with an ideological death wish.
         | 
         | Not sure we're super far away from the moment where these
         | technologies become cheap and simple enough to cause mayhem.
         | Ever since the sarin gas attack in tokyo in the 90s I've
         | honestly wondered how this isn't already a much bigger issue.
        
           | JoshuaDavid wrote:
           | I think it's because it's vanishingly rare that someone
           | actually wants to see the world burn to the extent that
           | they're willing to spend years of personal effort to that end
           | to enact a plan that will kill them and everyone they know
           | and love.
           | 
           | If it ever becomes possible to achieve personal or political
           | gain through the development of bioweapons I suspect we are
           | in extremely deep trouble.
        
             | ramesh31 wrote:
             | >I think it's because it's vanishingly rare that someone
             | actually wants to see the world burn to the extent that
             | they're willing to spend years of personal effort to that
             | end to enact a plan that will kill them and everyone they
             | know and love.
             | 
             | The point is that's what has kept us safe so far. But when
             | the complexity of bioterrorism gets to the level of script
             | kiddies, there's plenty of people that are intelligent
             | enough and driven to do it with nothing to lose. The
             | difference with nuclear or chemical attacks is that those
             | both require massive industrial capacity and complex
             | delivery mechanisms. Think of the mayhem when a single
             | hacker can modify a flu virus to infect the entire world.
        
             | i_haz_rabies wrote:
             | The worst (best?) possible odds of someone landing in the
             | middle of the "socially isolated/sociopath + suicidal" and
             | "smart enough to use newly simplified genetic technology"
             | venn diagram is 1 in 8 billion-ish. I'd put money on there
             | being more than that if I thought I would survive to
             | collect.
        
               | sterlind wrote:
               | I was (pleasantly!) surprised that nobody from ISIS
               | traveled to Africa during the Ebola epidemic to infect
               | themself, then flew back to NYC to hang out in Times
               | Square. Doesn't require much brains, just the willingness
               | to commit suicide and the motivation to kill a bunch of
               | people, both of which ISIS had in spades.
        
             | sterlind wrote:
             | if you invent the pathogen along with its vaccine, you can
             | vaccinate yourself and the group you care about, while
             | killing off the undesirables. you could also make genocidal
             | weapons by designing a virus that recognizes a certain
             | genetic sequence and inserts itself only there (or the
             | converse, use that as a safety by inserting a gene for an
             | inhibitory protein.)
             | 
             | monstrous things are achievable with a bit of engineering.
        
               | JoshuaDavid wrote:
               | As a note, please do not try this at home. There would be
               | a large amount of selective pressure for the virus to
               | change the genetic sequence it recognizes / is inhibited
               | by, and suddenly you've got a virus that can infect the
               | "wrong" people. Likewise a vaccine puts significant
               | selective pressure towards immune escape.
        
         | uwagar wrote:
         | so ud be walking on your footbridge to work and your eyes start
         | to roll. nothing to fear. you are just being updated :)
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | we don't have to crazy and make them Over-the-air updates.
           | unless, the udpates are only going to be applied in sleep
           | mode.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | halfmatthalfcat wrote:
       | I want to take the contrarian take to most people in this thread.
       | 
       | Sure, lab leak could be true and with all the available evidence,
       | could very well be true but the confirmation of of it being true
       | may have more far reaching domestic and geopolitical
       | ramifications that may do more harm than good.
       | 
       | It seems like there's some game theory going on within the
       | political sphere of many western governments in that increasing
       | anti-China sentiment by confirming lab leak could further put us
       | down the path to an eventual confrontation (read: war) with
       | China, in which we lose a lot more.
       | 
       | The only thing we gain by admitting to lab leak is the truth but
       | is the truth (that we've pretty much deduced at this point) worth
       | worsening relations not only politically but gives anti-Chinese
       | factions in the west more evidence as a prelude to war?
        
         | sharperguy wrote:
         | Wasn't the lab in question an internationally funded operation,
         | with many western countries, including the US involved?
        
         | foobiekr wrote:
         | Yes. It's pretty caustic to build a society on noble lies like
         | you are proposing.
        
         | timeon wrote:
         | I do not know, isn't it already perceived that lab-leak or not
         | - Covid is China's fuckup?
        
           | jyscao wrote:
           | >lab-leak or not - Covid is China's fuckup?
           | 
           | If lab leak is confirmed, depending on how deep you want to
           | root out those who are responsible, then much of the virology
           | community from US and those who fund them are equally to
           | blame, if not more. There is no "Chinese Science" or any
           | country-specific brand of science in the world nowadays,
           | there is just Science. And in both methodologies/techniques
           | and funding, much Science leads back to the US.
        
           | opportune wrote:
           | From my perspective China did an amazing job at handling
           | COVID, it is other countries that fucked up by not taking it
           | seriously - not doing quarantining properly, waiting until
           | domestic spread was out of control to take half-hearted and
           | unenforced measures to slow the spread. In comparison China
           | took quarantining and contact tracing very seriously and was
           | effective at stopping their domestic spread early in the
           | pandemic.
           | 
           | You could blame China for most hypotheses for Covid's
           | origins: lab-leak from gain of function research, unsanitary
           | wet markets, or not following proper cleanliness procedures
           | for field research. But I think those things (besides lab
           | leaks) could have happened in literally any developing
           | country, and most probably would have done even worse at
           | containing it than China.
           | 
           | What I don't think you can blame China for is the virus
           | escaping their country. They would be (rightly) be under a
           | ton of fire from the international community if they had not
           | allowed non-citizens to leave their country at the start of
           | the pandemic.
        
             | mensetmanusman wrote:
             | China took it so seriously that they imprisoned
             | doctors/whistleblowers that were taking it seriously.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | [citation needed]
        
               | homieg33 wrote:
               | https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.bbc.com/news/world-
               | asia-559...
        
         | option wrote:
         | Millions people died from COVID. It's true origins is one of
         | the most important question we must answer, however
         | uncomfortable the truth may be. And yes, if there are those
         | responsible, they should face consequences.
        
           | beepbooptheory wrote:
           | Why is it one of the most important questions we must answer?
        
             | option wrote:
             | You can't reliably answer "How to prevent X from happening
             | again?" Without first reliably answering "How the hell did
             | X happen?"
        
               | czzr wrote:
               | I'd like to know the answer of where it came from and I'm
               | open to possibility of it being a lab leak. But actually
               | knowing how it happened is basically irrelevant to the
               | planning we need to do for the next one. There will be
               | future viruses, they could come from many different
               | sources, we need to be prepared irrespective of the
               | source.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jyscao wrote:
         | >The only thing we gain by admitting to lab leak is the truth
         | but is the truth (that we've pretty much deduced at this point)
         | worth worsening relations not only politically but gives anti-
         | Chinese factions in the west more evidence as a prelude to war?
         | 
         | IMO yes, not because it might give anti-China warhawks a _casus
         | belli_ , but in spite of that.
         | 
         | Since the start of this whole ordeal, instead of taking a step
         | back and do some serious introspection about the risks of their
         | research conduct, these misguided virologists and their
         | institutions have doubled down on GoF research. And if that was
         | indeed the ultimate cause triggering the cascade of events
         | leading to the SARS-COV-2 pandemic, which I personally think is
         | the most probable scenario given all the circumstantial and
         | genetic evidence we have, then it is absolutely worth it to
         | prevent another lab leak. The next one might not be as mild as
         | this one.
        
       | hlwez wrote:
       | Fauci funded "research" that ripped vocal cords out of puppies so
       | the "scientists" wouldn't have to hear them scream in pain as
       | they were EATEN TO DEATH by horseflies.
       | 
       | He also funded "research" that poured acid on monkeys' brains to
       | 'induce terror'.
       | 
       | and you people still trust this raging piece of shit? He should
       | be fucking shot.
        
       | sleepysysadmin wrote:
       | Regardless of covid's source. Are we ready for something that is
       | truly bad? It sure is a good thing that covid turned out to not
       | be anywhere near as deadly as the spanish flu as they touted it
       | to be.
       | 
       | Here's an article from April 1st 2020.
       | 
       | https://www.foxnews.com/politics/dems-media-change-tune-trum...
       | 
       | Trump put in travel restrictions for china in february of 2020
       | and was called xenophobic and fear mongering over what wasn't yet
       | a pandemic. Sorry but the democrats went on the offensive
       | attacking trump for doing what everyone did.
       | 
       | Flipside, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/obama-team-left-
       | pandemic...
       | 
       | Trump had a pandemic playbook on how to react to a pandemic and
       | didn't use it? Is it possible because of the political attacks on
       | him?
       | 
       | It's pretty obvious that politics got in the way bigtime. I have
       | no expectations this will be different next time.
       | 
       | Then we had clearly political decisions made all throughout. By
       | May 2020 we had the data in that people like Dr. Neil Ferguson of
       | Imperial College said covid is the equivalent of the Spanish Flu
       | of 1918.That was wrong and we still reacted like it was indeed
       | still dangerous. When in reality it was less dangerous than the
       | normal flu season(largely due young children being unharmed).
       | 
       | The number of political abuses is so high that society right now
       | would not accept another pandemic. That they are almost certainly
       | full of shit at this point.
        
       | hwers wrote:
       | The news have abused my "you should be afraid" notification too
       | many times for me to take this to heart.
        
         | daenz wrote:
         | What kind of sick editors get off on a headline that starts
         | with "You Should Be Afraid" anyways? There are far more
         | constructive phrasings, but no, they shamelessly want the
         | fearful clickbait.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We've taken out the baity bit, as the site guidelines ask.
         | 
         | " _Please use the original title, unless it is misleading or
         | linkbait._ "
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
           | Eduard wrote:
           | The new / current title "The Next 'Lab Leak'" is even more
           | misleading and baity, as it suggests a lab leak just happened
           | or is imminent.
        
       | Mikeb85 wrote:
       | When mainstream news starts putting 'The Next' without a question
       | mark in headlines it certainly gives conspiracy theories some
       | credibility.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | theduder99 wrote:
       | How many level 4 biosafety labs exist in the world where this
       | type of dangerous research is carried out? 15. How many are in
       | China? 2, one of which is in Wuhan the epicenter of the
       | origination of the virus. Lab leak theory should have been the
       | default root cause until proven otherwise by independent
       | researchers (which China won't allow in).
        
         | aisengard wrote:
         | The coronavirus lab is in Wuhan because it's a big city in a
         | region where historically a lot of coronoviruses originate, so
         | it makes sense that they'd be researching them there.
        
         | ModernMech wrote:
         | How many pandemics, out of all the pandemics that have ever
         | happened throughout history, have been due to a lab leak?
         | Wouldn't the default assumption be the one that had been the
         | cause most of the time?
         | 
         | Yes the factors you raise the likelihood of a lab leak theory,
         | or they could just be circumstantial. Without more, the fact
         | that pandemics throughout history have a natural origin weighs
         | heavily in favor of our current pandemic having a natural
         | origin.
        
           | legolas2412 wrote:
           | What, why was the black plague not developed in the genetic
           | engineering labs by Genghis Khan.. Maybe because the labs did
           | not exist?
           | 
           | How you can compare the history of humanity to the last ten
           | years, the time when we really have started such experiments,
           | is beyond understanding.
        
           | burnished wrote:
           | Maybe reverse it. What is the likelihood, given that a
           | pandemic has arisen, that it will arise in a city where a lab
           | leak is a possible origin (having the laboratories and the
           | research going on)? I'm going to guess that it is very
           | unlikely.
        
             | aisengard wrote:
             | It is indeed unlikely, because it's much easier to detect
             | an outbreak in a controlled setting like a lab before it
             | infects a critical mass of the population. Indeed, lab
             | leaks have happened before and were contained before it
             | reached more than a handful of people.
             | 
             | Much more likely that covid was rip-roaring uncontrolled
             | through the Wuhan population well before the first official
             | diagnosis, so it was already unstoppable. The real
             | conspiracy is that China massively fucked up its handling
             | of the outbreak because their government is generally
             | incompetent and they don't want people prying too hard into
             | any of it because it would be highly damaging to its world
             | image for everyone to know just how incompetent they are.
             | The labs have proven to be much better at this than some
             | unelected cabal of autocratic government bureaucrats.
        
           | UnFleshedOne wrote:
           | Most pandemics throughout history started when there were no
           | labs at all, so they can be ignored in this calculation.
        
             | ModernMech wrote:
             | Why? You'd need to know the independent probability of a
             | natural origin pandemic to compute this. Surely to figure
             | this out you would need to look at history to make this
             | calculation. How else would you estimate that value?
        
         | drran wrote:
         | > How many are in China?
         | 
         | Virus know nothing about countries. Check all 15 labs.
        
       | peterburkimsher wrote:
       | I'm not so worried about humans maliciously trying to destroy the
       | world. There are few who would do so intentionally.
       | 
       | Far more worrying is when people do what is easiest for them,
       | regardless of the cost to their neighbour.
       | 
       | A mask collects particles, including the COVID-19 virus. Please
       | can we work together to pick up the masks from the street?
       | 
       | Worms will eat the masks. Bats will eat the worms. And the bats
       | will give COVID back to us.
       | 
       | We're not responsible for world-scale Epic issues: plastic in the
       | ocean, climate change, pandemics. We are fully responsible for
       | the Issues we see. Please, let's clean the streets while we
       | cycle/walk dogs/skateboard and the butterfly effect will help to
       | fix the bigger problems too :)
        
         | Vecr wrote:
         | Don't worry about worms, it's already in deer and I would
         | assume a large number of other non-human animal populations
         | already. It's obviously still in bats as well, SARS-CoV-3 is
         | inevitable unless there's some sort of mass killing of bats,
         | but it might not end up being very bad or transmissible.
        
         | msie wrote:
         | People taking shortcuts is the root of so many problems.
        
         | jakeinspace wrote:
         | I haven't seen any science on this, but I'd guess there is
         | about a 0% chance of human->mask->worm->bat covid transmission.
         | Do you have any basis for this fear? Obviously mask pollution
         | is a bit of a problem, but not so much for risk of covid
         | contamination.
        
       | tomjen3 wrote:
       | The only thing I am afraid of is ideas being disregarded because
       | they don't help you politically.
       | 
       | Reality is what reality is. Whether this was leaked by a lab in
       | China or not should not depend on which side of the election we
       | are on. Ivermectine is not effective or not based on which side
       | of the political spectrum you are on.
       | 
       | And if it doesn't work, that doesn't mean we make fun of those
       | who believe it does, it means we try something else. It took
       | thousand of failed attempts to find the one bacteria that could
       | effectively attack TB.
       | 
       | If you want to reject reality and substitute your own, I won't
       | stop you. Don't force it upon me.
        
       | smsm42 wrote:
       | If such labs and research are dangerous, shouldn't we, you know,
       | be more careful in working with them, especially in a country
       | which is notorious for hiding data, cutting various corners and
       | preferring good looking lies to the ugly truth, and being in
       | control to doing the right thing?
       | 
       | And shouldn't we ensure that people who work with such labs when
       | and if it is necessary to do so are fully, 100% transparent and
       | subject to public oversight? And if they, say, lie to the public
       | and/or use weasel phrasing to hide their actions and mislead the
       | overseers and the public about what kind of research is conducted
       | in the dangerous labs and how it is financed and supported -
       | shouldn't there be some consequences to it? I mean, beyond ones
       | for lying to the Congress, which has become so routine now nobody
       | even bats an eye at it?
        
       | gootler wrote:
       | Oh people of the internets are so smart as shit. Bravo sleuths!
        
       | robbmorganf wrote:
       | This article briefly mentions SARS-CoV-2, but at length it
       | discusses Ebola and others quite a bit more. This article isn't
       | about what happened with COVID-19, but about whether we should
       | have BL4 labs at all.
       | 
       | In my opinion, we absolutely should. Awful diseases like Ebola
       | are effective at what they do, so they're great places to learn
       | about molecular biology and genetics. It seems feasible that we
       | can manage the risk well enough to get a net expected benefit.
        
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