[HN Gopher] The Emperor's New Clothes: a story of motivated stup...
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       The Emperor's New Clothes: a story of motivated stupidity
        
       Author : dash2
       Score  : 66 points
       Date   : 2021-11-20 13:20 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (wyclif.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (wyclif.substack.com)
        
       | 1cvmask wrote:
       | The last paragraph:
       | 
       | But as Upton Sinclair pointed out long ago, ignorance is hardest
       | to eradicate when someone's breakfast depends on it. Individual
       | dumbness is worth getting rid of. Collective stupidity's future
       | is assured. It pays for itself.
        
         | SyzygistSix wrote:
         | Sometimes it isn't even their breakfast, it's just their ego.
        
       | JamisonM wrote:
       | "Individual expectations needn't be stored in linguistic form:
       | you can have a feeling about which horse will win the race,
       | without thinking up a sentence about it."
       | 
       | Are we sure about this? This sounds made up, I don't know. Does
       | the idea of a race even exist in one's mind in a non-linguistic
       | form?
        
         | cee_el123 wrote:
         | > Does the idea of a race even exist in one's mind in a non
         | linguistic form ?
         | 
         | Yes, especially in visual form.
         | 
         | Language is often a big handicap - it is linear, inefficient
         | and usually biased towards some worldview (imo)
        
         | cymian wrote:
         | Using a term like concept instead of "linguistic" to denote a
         | mental representation (which could be "auditory", "visual",
         | "kinesthetic", "feeling", etc). Then you are absolutely
         | correct.
        
         | MattPalmer1086 wrote:
         | I rarely think about things in words and sentences. Only when I
         | have to really nail something down logically or communicate it
         | to someone else does it get expressed that way.
         | 
         | Concepts and ideas are more like some kind of abstract space,
         | with relationships between things, but not visual. It's a
         | model. Hard to describe really.
         | 
         | I was amazed to learn that many other people apparently have
         | some kind of continuous monologue going on in their heads.
         | 
         | I
        
       | cortesoft wrote:
       | This made me think of one of my favorite quotes from "The Wire":
       | "if it's a lie, we fight on that lie"
       | 
       | The point was that they can't stop the war, so it is
       | counterproductive trying to expose that the thing they are
       | fighting over wasn't actually true.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/oOQCuRdWt-A
        
       | hootbootscoot wrote:
       | front-end build toolchains and the alleged difficulties in coding
       | es5, cough cough...
        
         | jetsetgo wrote:
         | let me tell you about horrors of react-native
        
         | dash2 wrote:
         | Tell me more. I can think of so many examples from my own area
         | of work....
        
           | notpachet wrote:
           | React Hooks.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | Reminds me of the Abilene Paradox:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_paradox
        
       | blondin wrote:
       | very interesting write-up!
       | 
       | social media could be accelerating groupthink. it's so easy for
       | people to form a group that shares the same beliefs and opinions.
       | in the past it may have taken years.
       | 
       | nowadays it's a matter of minutes.
       | 
       | that sentence at the end about rationalists got me thinking.
       | there is a group of people identifying themselves as rationalists
       | on twitter. i have been very surprised how similar they are in
       | their way thinking and doing. they recommend the same books,
       | share the same ideas, do the same things, etc. a self-fulfilling
       | prophecy.
       | 
       | just something i have been thinking about lately...
        
         | zby wrote:
         | Ad rationalists - I don't quite understand your objection - if
         | rationalists were different from each other - then they would
         | not have a common name. We name groups of things and people
         | because we think they are similar.
        
           | mistermann wrote:
           | What's interesting about rationalists to me is that they seem
           | to be irrational in such similar ways....which I suppose
           | shouldn't be surprising, but it is kind of counter-
           | intuitive/paradoxical.
        
         | SyzygistSix wrote:
         | Like news and other media, I think social media is better at
         | framing the questions we are supposed to think are important
         | rather than the particular answers.
        
         | paulryanrogers wrote:
         | As a counterpoint I left religion in part because of recurring
         | encounters with different evidence and perspectives online.
         | It's possible I'd still believe in invisible friends without
         | such low friction opportunities to interact outside my
         | geographic bubble.
        
           | SyzygistSix wrote:
           | At a certain point it doesn't matter if the invisible friend
           | is real or not if the relationship is beneficial. People have
           | probably been personifying abstract ideas for this purpose
           | since language began.
        
             | paulryanrogers wrote:
             | Maybe. My experience included a lot more negatives for no
             | benefit, so I'm not a fan.
        
           | mistermann wrote:
           | How important do you consider the "invisible friends" aspect
           | of religion to be in your overall calculation of the value
           | (as opposed to the ~"objective correctness") of it at the
           | individual &/or societal level?
        
             | paulryanrogers wrote:
             | Regardless of level I now see only negative value in all
             | aspects of religion.
        
               | mistermann wrote:
               | In Hindu, this phenomenon is referred to as Maya.
               | 
               | https://www.britannica.com/topic/maya-Indian-philosophy
               | 
               | To me, this is an extremely valuable insight into the
               | nature of reality, although it is generally frowned upon
               | by scientific materialists even though neuroscience and
               | psychology agree (traditional religious people aren't the
               | only ones who don't follow their scripture to
               | perfection).
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | toss1 wrote:
       | >>BWhen collective beliefs meet new evidence, the most sensible
       | thing to do is often ignore it. If you think the Emperor is
       | naked, and everyone else is acting as if he isn't, you get no
       | benefit from stepping out of line. Even if you think everyone
       | else can see the Emperor is naked, it is still risky to say so.
       | Even if you think everyone else thinks that, and also thinks you
       | think so, that is still no help unless you're sure they are going
       | to act on it.
       | 
       | This is especially true in autocratic regimes (political,
       | corporate, or social).
       | 
       | The repeating of a lie is both a loyalty test and a loyalty
       | builder. Even if everyone knows that it is a lie, to get someone
       | to repeat it both commits them to a risk for 'the cause' or 'the
       | leader', and simultaneously demonstrates their loyalty to the
       | cause and leader.
       | 
       | The bigger the lie, the bigger the commitment needed to repeat
       | it, and the bigger the demonstration of loyalty.
       | 
       | It also has the simultaneous effect of successively isolating the
       | followers from other factions. Eventually, the only ones who will
       | tolerate 'those crazies' or 'the faithful' are the group of
       | followers, which provides further motivation for everyone in the
       | group to stick with the group.
       | 
       | When leaders of any sort ask directly or by implication to do
       | something sketchy or morally compromising, run the other way; the
       | path you're being asked to follow is never good.
        
         | dash2 wrote:
         | Vaclav Havel made this point in Living in Truth. The truly
         | political act is the grocer who refuses to put a political
         | slogan up in his window.
         | 
         | But I think liberal democratic societies suffer from this
         | problem too.
         | 
         | * One way to solve coordination problems is to have a leader,
         | and everyone follows his plan. Advantage: the leader can update
         | the plan in the light of evidence. Disadvantage: the leader
         | biases the group's plan to favour himself.
         | 
         | * Another approach is to have no leader but to agree on some
         | collective beliefs as the basis to plan from. (Forms of words
         | like "this house believes...", "this committee resolves" are an
         | example.) Advantage: everyone gets input at the start.
         | Disadvantage: belief-updating gets more complex, because unless
         | we all do it together, we end up miscoordinating. Hence it can
         | become easier to ignore new evidence.
         | 
         | In the story, the Emperor can't admit he has no clothes on,
         | because he's constrained by his political rivals. A truly
         | unconstrained Emperor would be able to be honest, but of course
         | that might bring its own dangers....
        
           | toss1 wrote:
           | Yes, I'd read about it most recently from Garry Kasparov.
           | 
           | That example of the grocer who refuses to put up the slogan
           | is excellent!
           | 
           | I'm not so sure the problems you cite for actual liberal
           | (small-d) democratic societies are actually the same,
           | although I agree there are similarities.
           | 
           | Trying to avoid the No True Scotsman fallacy, I don't think
           | actual liberal societies are requiring false signalling in
           | order to administer a government. To the extent that they are
           | requiring spreading and repeating of outright lies, I'd say
           | they are failing to behave as liberal democratic societies,
           | and are instead and falling into autocracy.
        
       | streamofdigits wrote:
       | There is a cure that works 100%. Its called _diversification of
       | collective stupidity risk_.
       | 
       | Never let empires grow too large. Whenever you hear / see
       | something is "scaling" throw a spanner in the works, pull the
       | plug, burn a fuse.
       | 
       | No questions asked, no justifications provided, no evaluation of
       | good or evil, just an automatic breaker that is based on "N", the
       | scaling unit.
       | 
       | Having lots of little emperunculi running around with no clothes
       | is fun and it doesn't put us all in great, potentially
       | existential, danger
        
         | version_five wrote:
         | I think this is the point of the story of Babel.
         | 
         | And I also think that social media had kind of short-circuited
         | the benefits of having our opinions/orthodoxy/norms more
         | localized (I mean geographically, culturally, linguistically,
         | etc) and led to, as you say, much greater danger or the whole
         | world being able to coordinate on delusions.
        
         | mostertoaster wrote:
         | Yeah maybe instead of big nation, we could divide into like 50
         | sovereign states. Those could be divided up into smaller
         | counties, and those into cities.
         | 
         | Then each could democratically decide what is best for
         | themselves.
         | 
         | Nah that's crazy. It's better to have 49% of a nation be
         | unhappy with things, even in cities where 80% think one way,
         | they must do what the 20% want because at the national level
         | that 20% is the 51%.
        
           | SyzygistSix wrote:
           | Unfortunately in my state, the party of small government does
           | not like cities deciding what to do for themselves and has
           | taken away a lot of our city's power to make rules for
           | itself.
           | 
           | I for one am in favor of the kind of division you mention,
           | for precisely the reasons you mention. But some people are
           | not happy just deciding things for themselves. They are only
           | happy when they also can decide for others. Lots of people
           | from all walks of life and government like this.
        
           | AlexCoventry wrote:
           | How would that work geopolitically? How would all those tiny
           | nation states defend themselves against behemoths like the
           | Russian Federation and the PRC?
        
             | xyzzy123 wrote:
             | Perhaps they could be united in some way for defense while
             | preserving localised governance.
        
           | mkka wrote:
           | This is where I always plug Infomacracy by Malka Older. Micro
           | democracy with all voting blocks the same population size,
           | can switch party/state.
        
           | bwanab wrote:
           | It already exists - it's called Switzerland.
        
           | streamofdigits wrote:
           | If it wasnt obvious, the pandemic demonstrated beyond any
           | doubt that the distribution of decision making power in
           | society is completely broken. The nation-state in particular
           | is way too dominant and distorting, especially when you have
           | a bunch of self-absorbed "meta-nations"
           | 
           | Think about governance as a spectrum, we need it to be more
           | flatly distributed, from the smallest unit (neighborhood
           | dealing with local issues) to the largest (United Nations
           | dealing with collective threats)
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | I'm not really sure that we saw anything is broken in the
             | US. There isn't a strong consensus for intervention among
             | the people, and we saw some states with intervention and
             | some states with out, and not a lot of federal
             | intervention. The results of intervention or not don't seem
             | to have convinced many people to change their opinion,
             | either.
             | 
             | This is what I would expect on any issue where there are
             | large groups with strong feelings for and against
             | intervention. Only if there is broad concensus or at least
             | broad apathy would I expect uniform decision making.
             | 
             | It's certainly true that it's hard to make major
             | interventions in such a decision making environment, but
             | that's the system we set up. A benefit is that it's a lot
             | easier to move to a different US state than to move to a
             | different country if you don't like the government.
        
             | dash2 wrote:
             | Surely the pandemic showed the advantage of the centralized
             | nation-state. It could take into account externalities,
             | like vaccination benefiting others, and use its power to
             | keep everyone safer. Decentralized decision-making led to
             | e.g. some states in the US deciding not to lockdown and
             | having higher disease rates, which then put the whole
             | country at risk.
        
               | version_five wrote:
               | You've missed the point entirely of the parable and the
               | parent comments. Even if you like the way something
               | worked out (or pretend to for the reasons discussed)
               | bring subject to large scale collective decisions in a
               | single state leaves one completely vulnerable to bad
               | decisions being made. The solution is to insulate people
               | from the whims of collective thinking though strong
               | protections of individual liberty. You can't have it both
               | ways, where you can force people to act a certain way
               | when you agree with it, but are free to not do things you
               | disagree with. It amazes me how many people ignore this.
        
               | dash2 wrote:
               | I wrote the parable, at least this version of it. I hope
               | I haven't missed its point entirely.
               | 
               | We can't avoid being subject to large-scale collective
               | decisions. Humans can't live in hunter-gatherer bands any
               | more. The individualist US, just like collectivist
               | Sweden, spends large amounts on public goods via its
               | government. Even in an anarcho-capitalist utopia, large
               | firms and other collective bodies would emerge, and would
               | have to coordinate upon collective decisions.
        
               | version_five wrote:
               | > I wrote the parable, at least this version of it. I
               | hope I haven't missed its point entirely
               | 
               | Haha I obviously didn't catch this. I guess then I missed
               | your point. Between your essay and the parent comments,
               | my takeaway is about the danger of enforcing collective
               | decisions on everyone, because even if everyone says they
               | agree, they can still all be delusional, or at least just
               | too scared to speak out.
        
               | mostertoaster wrote:
               | As well as things like climate change right?
               | 
               | The problem is imagine if all the investment put into
               | green energy was actually put into just making fossil
               | fuels and their use far more efficient.
               | 
               | It might've had a far better impact on the environment,
               | but it would've hurt the pocketbooks of the congressmen
               | who have money invested in these specific solutions. (The
               | other side pushing for more fossil fuels doesn't actually
               | care they just have their investments there).
               | 
               | An individual is still able to make the best decisions
               | for themselves and the less you allow them to do this,
               | the more danger and misuse of resources you'll find.
        
               | dash2 wrote:
               | If you are claiming that individual action would've
               | solved climate change, this seems like a fantasy. Public
               | goods problems are real.
        
               | mostertoaster wrote:
               | It does a pretty good job of figuring out the correct
               | price of things.
        
             | edouard-harris wrote:
             | It's easy to forget this in our era, but the reason the
             | nation-state exists in the first place is that it's the
             | most effective means we know of to defeat an external
             | adversary in a contest of organized violence. The nation-
             | state's _internal_ distortionary effects on its population
             | -- which I agree are absolutely real -- are simply the
             | collateral damage you get when you optimize hard enough for
             | victory in the _external_ contest. It 's not immediately
             | clear how one might do better on this level either, since
             | any serious decentralization effort has to sacrifice some
             | degree of external security -- and then you risk just
             | getting conquered by a different centralized nation-state.
        
               | streamofdigits wrote:
               | Its a very interesting question why (in the spectrum of
               | community organization size) it is the nation-state scale
               | (> 10 mln or so) that has come to become dominant.
               | "Defeating external adversaries" is in general more of a
               | sabre rattling game than actual warfare, so maybe that is
               | the scale where "mutual destruction" is assured
               | 
               | But this precarious equilibrium is not technology
               | independent. What works for blades and projectiles and
               | missiles might not work for engineered viruses. If we
               | don't find ways to quench this adversarial dynamic maybe
               | our days are numbered...
        
               | smegger001 wrote:
               | no one wants to use engineered viruses for war because
               | its to indiscriminate. if the viruses is effective a
               | crippling a adversary it will do that to my people to.
               | 
               | you can't make a American seeking virus any more than yo
               | can make a Chinese seeking virus. at that level we are
               | all just bags of the same lipids proteins and ions. and
               | all national boarders are porous and it will get through
               | and kill your people.
               | 
               | viruses are in the same bucket of bad war ideas as
               | mustard gas that we dont use because they kill everyone
               | instead of who i point them at.
        
               | burnafter187 wrote:
               | I think that's wrong though. Hypothetically you could
               | have a vaccine engineered alongside the virus and deploy
               | it in secret, or at least using some mode of obfuscation.
               | Not that it would be simple, and not that it wouldn't
               | leak, but it's not an impossible scenario to have a
               | country immunized, I don't reckon.
               | 
               | I mean, look at COVID response, Russia and China both
               | have their own vaccines, what's to prevent them from
               | sliding in something extra to prevent another disease
               | which has been engineered?
        
               | smegger001 wrote:
               | to do that you would have to start mass manufacturing a
               | vacine a somehow administer it to the whole population
               | secretly. without any other country getting wind of it.
               | then you have to pray it doesn't mutate enough to make
               | your vaccine ineffective. it is to big a project to not
               | leak just based on everyone involved having to not tell
               | anyone. from the researchers the administration of the
               | program to the people working at the production facility.
        
               | anders_p wrote:
               | > to do that you would have to start mass manufacturing a
               | vacine a somehow administer it to the whole population
               | secretly.
               | 
               | To play devil's advocate:
               | 
               | This could be happening _right now_.
               | 
               | 1) Create and release CoVid.
               | 
               | 2) Engineer a vaccine, that also protects against a
               | secondary, 100% deadly virus. (SinoVac?)
               | 
               | 3) Vaccinate your own population.
               | 
               | 4) Release the super-deadly, secret 2nd virus.
               | 
               | 5) Profit.
               | 
               | > it is to big a project to not leak just based on
               | everyone involved having to not tell anyone.
               | 
               | Yeah. This where it, and most of the other grand
               | conspiracy theories, start to become unrealistic. It
               | would be impossible to keep the secret from coming out.
               | 
               | But it would make a great plot for thriller novel.
        
             | texuf wrote:
             | "media-nations"
        
         | hbarka wrote:
         | This is why I love the hacker news
        
         | jollybean wrote:
         | Economies of scale are real, this is not even controversial.
         | Stopping things from growing arbitrarily is not a strategy of
         | any kind.
        
       | wrnr wrote:
       | What a great article, finally someone with the courage to speak
       | through to power!
        
       | prewett wrote:
       | This is in contrast to Victor Havel's essay on Communism, "The
       | Power of the Powerless". Everyone except the boy in this story is
       | Havel's green-grocer, who puts up a sign he doesn't believe in
       | because that's how the incentives are aligned. Havel says that
       | the only real solution is to not live a lie; it will probably
       | result in more hardship for you, but it is the only way to avoid
       | losing your humanity.
       | 
       | [0] https://hac.bard.edu/amor-mundi/the-power-of-the-
       | powerless-v...
        
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       (page generated 2021-11-20 23:01 UTC)