[HN Gopher] ProctorU is dystopian spyware
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       ProctorU is dystopian spyware
        
       Author : smitop
       Score  : 503 points
       Date   : 2021-11-09 15:07 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (shkspr.mobi)
 (TXT) w3m dump (shkspr.mobi)
        
       | dehrmann wrote:
       | I'm sympathetic to not requiring students to install spyware on
       | their personal computers, but I also TAed an introductory CS
       | class for freshman engineers and, wow, there was a lot of
       | cheating. No more than 5% of students, but it was enough where
       | you wanted to do something about it, and remote education makes
       | cheating on exams a lot easier.
        
       | otrahuevada wrote:
       | if this is paid for and this requirements were only disclosed
       | after the fact, there might be enough money to be had here to
       | entice a lawyer into making the course provider abandon the
       | software.
       | 
       | That's more or less the only silver lining I can think of here.
        
       | fractal618 wrote:
       | How is ProctorU different from Microsoft or Apple or Facebook?
        
       | handrous wrote:
       | Oh wow. I just had an epiphany. This is why companies are still
       | treating VR as a serious product that might have a large market,
       | even as AR seems much better-suited to a mass consumer market and
       | surely not _that_ much farther off than good VR (perhaps closer,
       | even). VR headsets with just a few sensors would make _excellent_
       | isolation  & monitoring tools for things like this.
       | 
       | Now I get why Facebook (Meta, whatever) decided to get into it.
       | I'd not been able to piece it together until just now. Of course
       | there's a spyware angle front & center. It all fits now. Their
       | main market's probably intended to be business, but education
       | makes sense, too.
        
       | pjdesno wrote:
       | I teach mostly MS students, and at the moment I'm sitting in
       | front of a class taking an exam, so as you might guess I have
       | fairly strong feelings about proctoring.
       | 
       | Basically I think that online evaluations have to be completely
       | different than in-person ones. Proctoring is fairly trivial and
       | non-intrusive for in-person tests - don't open your laptop, don't
       | talk to the person next to you. For big tests in small rooms I
       | assign seating.
       | 
       | Online is different. Basically there is no reasonable way to keep
       | someone from hiring someone on Chegg to do their entire test for
       | them, and the most horrible proctoring software in the world
       | won't stop a determined cheater from balancing a cell phone at
       | the bottom of their laptop screen...
       | 
       | You really need to use a different approach with online
       | assessments, and honestly I don't know if it's possible to use
       | online tests for some of the things that we use in-person tests
       | for.
        
       | Petabits wrote:
       | In this scenario couldn't you just run it in a VM? Or would their
       | software trip once they realize they can't see vacation photos on
       | your desktop?
        
         | javajosh wrote:
         | The article states the software won't run in a VM
        
         | josephcsible wrote:
         | This kind of software almost universally detects and refuses to
         | run in VMs.
        
           | donkarma wrote:
           | It is not hard to create a hardened VM. If anti-cheats can't
           | detect it, neither can some off-brand user mode teaching
           | software
        
             | branon wrote:
             | Got some links to resources about doing this? Would be
             | interested in having a hardened VM on-hand for things like
             | this.
        
               | donkarma wrote:
               | KVM is probably your best bet on Linux and VMware the
               | best on Windows.
               | https://github.com/hzqst/VmwareHardenedLoader works for
               | VMware but doesn't work against some modern anti-cheats,
               | but KVM universally works against anti-cheats when
               | configured properly with RTDSC spoofing and such
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | It's harder than you think, and remember that the
             | consequence is not "I can't play a game until I revert my
             | config" but "I was reported to my college for an ethics
             | violation and now my $$$ degree is in question" or "My
             | professional organization has been told that I attempted to
             | cheat and the certification I need to keep my job is in
             | jeopardy".
             | 
             | There are many things which are technically possible which
             | are not a favorable cost-benefit for most people. This is
             | in the same category as those guys who relied on
             | technically being able to fly without showing ID to the TSA
             | -- there's a reason why it was mostly affluent white men
             | flying solo, because the potential downsides are much
             | greater for most other categories.
        
         | ok123456 wrote:
         | VM detection is usually pretty bad. They just look for magic
         | strings that are easy enough to fake.
        
           | no_time wrote:
           | The difference between "easy to fake" and "hellishly
           | difficult" is the authors clicking next-next-finish in
           | VMProtect or not.
        
             | donkarma wrote:
             | There are github repos to harden VMware against VMProtect,
             | let alone KVM
        
             | ok123456 wrote:
             | they still have to interact the system, and make system
             | calls.
        
       | mountainofdeath wrote:
       | ProctorU is a mandatory trojan that ETS (among others) require.
       | It's also poorly built to the point where it changes random
       | Windows settings, takes over all kinds of management features,
       | requires full admin access on a personal computer (not a
       | university or corporate managed one) while burning 50% CPU.
       | 
       | Naturally, it's next to impossible to remove once installed. I
       | speak from personal experience
        
       | mdip wrote:
       | This sort of thing _drives me crazy_ because it just needs
       | someone to ask the question  "Why is this necessary?"[0]
       | 
       | The reality is that a sufficiently motivated cheat will _cheat_
       | and will more than likely get away with it regardless of counter-
       | measures when there 's not a proctor watching over their
       | shoulder[1]. If the goal is to test proficiency, there has to be
       | better ways that work remotely.
       | 
       | Back in High School, "open book" tests were common in my
       | Chemistry and Physics classes. The "open book" rule wasn't to
       | help over privileged kids pass the test -- these were among the
       | hardest tests; the book was useful only for referring to the
       | myriad of formulas which a High School student was not expected
       | to commit to memory, but if you were relying on that reference to
       | tell you exactly _what_ you needed to do to solve the problem,
       | forget it.
       | 
       | This, obviously, falls apart in many contexts -- "open internet"
       | tests are difficult to write in many subjects, simply because
       | there are tools designed to answer those questions,
       | immediately[2], but it likely just requires a little creativity.
       | 
       | From my own personal experience: I ended up taking a
       | certification exam which was offered online due to COVID. They
       | attempted to re-create the security of "testing in a center" by
       | spyware and procedure (photographing the room from every angle,
       | myself, my drivers license), all trivial to defeat if I was so
       | motivated -- the procedure was even communicated in advance. And
       | it was a certification for _writing software[3]_.
       | 
       | I took practice tests, online, which turned out to be nearly
       | word-for-word what I saw on the test. I knew the answers, anyway,
       | but had I wanted to, I could have spent my entire study time
       | memorizing the test answers -- not technically cheating, but the
       | test has abjectly failed to indicate anything about my expertise.
       | A more useful approach would have been to present me with a
       | program utilizing the features that they wished to test me on,
       | then present a set of multiple choice questions asking questions
       | about that code. With a diversity of test programs and frequent
       | changes, it would reduce the probability that a Google search
       | would yield an immediate answer, testing the candidates ability
       | to _solve the problem_ using all of the tools that are available
       | in the field.
       | 
       | Assuming that "testing is still the most reasonable way to assess
       | skill", which is another argument in itself that falls victim to
       | footnote "0", the point is to make irrelevant the forms of
       | cheating that the spyware is attempting to prevent. Both are
       | losing battles against cheating, but the former is less so, and
       | certainly less consumer-hostile.
       | 
       | [0] The classic "Why do we do this?" with the most common answer
       | being "Because that's what we've always done"
       | 
       | [1] Just off the top of my head, a small camera in the room aimed
       | at the screen and a discrete -- in-ear, like my daughter's
       | (Bluetooth) hearing aids -- ear-phone Bluetooth connected to a
       | mobile phone to a third party in another room with a computer
       | being used to research answers.
       | 
       | [2] And in a lot of contexts it _still_ doesn 't matter. If
       | there's a tool that changes how that question is solved, and
       | you're testing whether or not someone can solve that specific
       | problem -- not whether or not that somebody can write a tool to
       | solve that problem -- wouldn't it be more intelligent if they
       | solved it using the most appropriate tool?
       | 
       | [3] Before I get grief; it was requested that I take it out of
       | the expectation that I would require no study and was needed due
       | to us being a MS Certificate Professional shop.
        
         | Sophira wrote:
         | > [1] Just off the top of my head, a small camera in the room
         | aimed at the screen and a discrete -- in-ear, like my
         | daughter's (Bluetooth) hearing aids -- ear-phone Bluetooth
         | connected to a mobile phone to a third party in another room
         | with a computer being used to research answers.
         | 
         | Watching the video that this article links to, a couple of the
         | requirements are, among other things:
         | 
         | * To show the proctor all four walls of the room, and
         | underneath the desk,
         | 
         | * To take out any earbuds you may have.
         | 
         | These requirements alone would probably mean your cheating
         | solution wouldn't work.
         | 
         | (I hate that I have to say that because I do not want to
         | advocate for ProctorU here, but in this case these requirements
         | would probably do what they were intended to do.)
        
       | c74ds wrote:
       | I worked with ProctorU in a university setting. Refreshingly, our
       | (very large, public) school did not really want to use the
       | platform, cautioned strongly against it, and were well aware of
       | how invasive it was. They were worried about the potential for
       | student outrage via media channels as a result of the race-based
       | inaccuracies and biases and other issues that were coming up in
       | the media. Oh and ProctorU had a data breach, which students
       | happily reminded the institution of. A very small minority of
       | instructors insisted on using it, and that's what I was helping
       | with.
       | 
       | Seeing the backend of this tool was much more worrying than being
       | subjected to it. Simply put, the platform is SO bad, that it
       | could not be used as evidence even in the most blatant cheating
       | cases - for example, the screen capture feed and the webcam feed
       | were two separate files, neither of which was time stamped. If a
       | student had a poor or marginal connection, these two recordings
       | would get out of sync and could never be reconciled. It was so
       | primitive it was laughable. That's on top of the issues you'll
       | find documented elsewhere.
        
         | saruken wrote:
         | I'd love to see a writeup/documentation on the backend issues
         | you mentioned here. Sounds egregious! Do you have a link to
         | point me to?
        
           | c74ds wrote:
           | I'm too intimidated to write it up publicly (though I
           | detailed it all internally). A competitor of ProctorU,
           | Proctorio, filed suit against a guy in a similar position to
           | mine at a Canadian university. We're a big enough institution
           | that others look to us for guidance, so I hope our de-facto
           | moratorium on using these tools serves as an example.
           | 
           | https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2021/02/student-
           | surveillance-v...
        
         | mountainofdeath wrote:
         | Of course it can be used to catch cheaters. The bar is just so
         | low that ANY suspicion is cause for sounding the alarm.
         | 
         | In my SO's case, they told her wearing a sleeveless shirt was
         | "inappropriate" _during an online exam_ and told her to put
         | something that covers her shoulder on so she ended up wearing a
         | sweater in 80F inside. When we reached out to their support,
         | they said there is nothing they can do about it and rattled off
         | some standard script.
        
       | MengerSponge wrote:
       | Proctor-spyware is also famously biased:
       | https://library.auraria.edu/news/2021/why-online-test-procto...
       | 
       | I opted out of using spyware in the university physics courses I
       | taught last year, and caught my cheating students the old
       | fashioned way. Proctor-spyware, like airport security, is more
       | about theater than effectiveness. You aren't giving the USMLE or
       | a Bar Exam, so you can take the time to write a good exam and
       | evaluate it correctly.
        
         | javajosh wrote:
         | I've never graded tests or papers, but I always assumed
         | cheating would be obvious because if you go to chat with a
         | student about the problem, they will not have anything to say.
        
           | bo1024 wrote:
           | This doesn't scale, and teaching these days is expected to
           | scale.
        
           | Vrondi wrote:
           | Well, if you put up an online exam that consists of only
           | basic multiple choice tests, then you're making it a lot
           | easier to cheat. That's the source of a lot of the trouble.
        
             | professoretc wrote:
             | That's true, but questions that are difficult to cheat on
             | are both difficult (time-consuming) to create, and
             | difficult (time-consuming) to grade. Which means less time
             | for other stuff, like actually _teaching_.
        
               | lostcolony wrote:
               | So I only have experience creating/grading tests as a TA,
               | not a prof, but that wasn't my experience at all.
               | 
               | The total time spent in creating a few good, easy to
               | discuss questions, the answering of which would
               | demonstrate understanding, and then reading them,
               | thinking about them, and coming up with a grade, was
               | probably actually less than the amount of time it took to
               | create meaningful multiple choice questions that didn't
               | have any ambiguity, and which weren't easy to intuit the
               | answer even without understanding. Doubly so when we did
               | away with "partial credit" answers, but instead made it
               | so each question was 1 point (or otherwise all or
               | nothing), you had, say, 5 of them, and what we really
               | were looking for was a paragraph that showed
               | understanding (rather than checking off boxes in a rubric
               | of "mentioned A, B, and C"; short essay questions, if you
               | will), an expectation we communicated to the students.
               | 
               | And that's aside from the actual project based grades,
               | which were better still.
        
               | pfortuny wrote:
               | Not so much. They take time but to me it is a reasonable
               | amount of time.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | Yes, it's difficult, but that's why being a teacher is a
               | job.
        
           | aiisjustanif wrote:
           | You assume you would know the problem and that body language
           | is truth.
        
             | soco wrote:
             | As a teacher you're pretty expected to know the problem you
             | just asked, and there's no amount of body language which
             | can replace an answer to the asked problem.
        
           | ht_th wrote:
           | True, but that is not the same as proving someone cheated.
           | Besides, when you have too many students, you cannot talk to
           | all of them one-by-one in any meaningful way. Or assess them
           | in a meaningful way, to be honest.
           | 
           | By the way, where I work, management pushes for stuff like
           | proctoring, and more students, and "measurable" results, and
           | so on. As a teacher, I don't care much about the whole
           | grading show.
        
             | kwhitefoot wrote:
             | > you have too many students,
             | 
             | Then the students are not getting what they pay for.
        
         | anon7725 wrote:
         | > "It's become clear to me that algorithmic proctoring is a
         | modern surveillance technology that reinforces white supremacy,
         | sexism, ableism, and transphobia. The use of these tools is an
         | invasion of students' privacy and, often, a civil rights
         | violation."
         | 
         | Must all of the cards in the deck be played at each turn?
         | Things cannot simply be bad/user hostile/privacy invading, etc.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | Is your criticism that these accusations are false, or just
           | that they included too many true accusations in the same
           | paragraph?
        
             | anon7725 wrote:
             | My criticism is that including a laundry list of "isms" is
             | a polarizing, low-effort rhetorical device that elides a
             | lot of nuance.
             | 
             | White supremacy: darker skin tones tend to photograph worse
             | than lighter skin tones. Laptop webcams are notoriously
             | crappy and can make this effect worse. Is this white
             | supremacy or physics? Can the test instructions be modified
             | to ask all users to have an appropriate lighting setup (ie
             | lit from above and from the side to ensure that your face
             | is foregrounded properly)
             | 
             | Ableism: for users who require assistive technologies, is
             | it better to take a test in their own space with their own
             | equipment or to travel to a test center and use shared lab
             | equipment? For users with mobility challenges, is it better
             | to be in their own space or travel to a potentially non-
             | accessible testing center?
             | 
             | Sexism: for working mothers, better to take a test in your
             | own home or travel to a testing center and arrange for
             | child care?
             | 
             | Two "isms" seem more relevant but weren't mentioned: ageism
             | - because fuck boomers, right? Socioeconomics - not
             | everyone has access to a PC that meets the specifications
             | or can acquire one on short notice.
             | 
             | Lots of context is discarded when one engages in polarizing
             | categorical rhetoric. I'm not here shilling for proctoring
             | software but rather for nuanced discourse.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | > White supremacy: darker skin tones tend to photograph
               | worse than lighter skin tones. Laptop webcams are
               | notoriously crappy and can make this effect worse. Is
               | this white supremacy or physics?
               | 
               | I'm not a photography expert, but it seems to me that
               | cameras are physically equally capable of overexposing an
               | image and underexposing an image. If a particular camera
               | which is used in a facial monitoring system tends to do
               | one rather than the other, I would ask why that is the
               | case.
        
               | frostburg wrote:
               | Doesn't work like that. Overexposing (with the same
               | light) means having worse SNR due to higher gain.
               | 
               | The choice to use typically terrible cameras in a
               | proctoring system disregarding that it might work ever
               | worse than normally for a subset of people is suspect,
               | yes.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | But wouldn't it be just as easy to create a cheap camera
               | that tends to correctly expose dark skin in normal
               | lighting conditions, and cannot dial down exposure enough
               | to prevent light skin from being blown out in normal
               | lighting conditions? If that's possible but cheap cameras
               | tend to not work this way, then why is that not the case?
        
               | frostburg wrote:
               | Yes and no, but mostly no. Lighter skin reflects more
               | light (which means more signal), so it's inherently
               | easier to image (it would be harder in extremely intense
               | light, but getting fast shutter speeds is a lot easier
               | than dealing with not having enough photons). Auto-
               | exposure algorithms tend to work more accurately on
               | lighter skin, too, which could be improved but is
               | generally not something implemented at the hardware level
               | in a webcam as far as I know (software can ask for
               | different iso sensibility and shutter speeds).
        
               | 8note wrote:
               | Would these webcams have shipped if you couldn't see
               | white faces well on them? I don't think they would, and
               | the test proctors would not think of requiring one that
               | didn't. Both the camera makers and the proctors are
               | putting in an assumption that these products are
               | only/primarily for white people, and thus discouraging
               | non-white people is not an issue.
        
               | jpatt wrote:
               | The "isms" referenced are less about the fact you can
               | work around these complaints line by line and more about
               | the fact no one bothered to check them before rolling out
               | required surveillance technology for education.
               | 
               | White supremacy is not just bad faith things done by bad
               | people, it is also the assumption that whiteness is the
               | default experience and the failure to account for that
               | not being the case. Similarly with ableism and sexism.
               | 
               | That being said, complaining about the accessibility &
               | inclusiveness of our required surveillance technology
               | does have a dystopian feel to it, lol.
        
               | greenail wrote:
               | > White supremacy is not just bad faith things done by
               | bad people, it is also the assumption that whiteness is
               | the default experience and the failure to account for
               | that not being the case.
               | 
               | This only works with "new" definitions of racism. It is
               | in fact plainly racist on it's face to demonize a group
               | based on immutable characteristics. It is even worse when
               | actual diversity of though is ignored and people of color
               | are demonized because they don't agree with a race-
               | marxist ideology.
        
               | jpatt wrote:
               | I'm not sure I 100% understand what you are reacting to.
               | I want to understand these two points a bit better:
               | It is in fact plainly racist on it's face to demonize a
               | group based on immutable characteristics.
               | 
               | Yes. Where have I, or the study's author, done this?
               | It is even worse when actual diversity of though is
               | ignored and people of color are demonized because they
               | don't agree with a race-marxist ideology.
               | 
               | Yes. Where have I, or the study's author, done this?
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | Don't you normally expect people to make the strongest case
           | for preventing something? It's pretty common for a lawsuit to
           | bring every claim a lawyer can come up with on the hopes that
           | enough will stick to get the outcome they want.
           | 
           | I would especially consider that in the United States we do
           | not have a broad legal right to privacy but there are
           | potentially much stronger tools available if that software
           | skews negative outcomes towards protected categories like
           | sex, disability, or race. From the perspective of a student,
           | job applicant, etc. being asked to use this, if the legal
           | risks cause an organization to stop using it they'll enjoy
           | that as a win even if the outcome isn't a blanket ban.
        
             | ewalk153 wrote:
             | I have found that two to three strong points far out weight
             | a list of 5-10 weaker points. This extends to the case when
             | the original two points are included in a longer list.
        
             | awillen wrote:
             | The difference is that lawyers act in a structured
             | environment with specific rules on how things should be
             | considered - you bring up all the possible claims because
             | if any of them get thrown out, it doesn't impact the
             | others.
             | 
             | It's not the same with general discourse - when you raise a
             | bunch of issues that aren't especially relevant and seem
             | designed to be inflammatory, you damage the credibility of
             | your other arguments. Arguing that test proctoring software
             | is transphobic is such a stretch that it makes you question
             | whether they author has such strong biases against the
             | software that their evaluation of it is just generally too
             | biased to be trustworthy.
        
               | smelendez wrote:
               | > Arguing that test proctoring software is transphobic is
               | such a stretch that it makes you question whether they
               | author has such strong biases against the software that
               | their evaluation of it is just generally too biased to be
               | trustworthy.
               | 
               | It seems like the software is matching people against
               | existing images, based on the issue with the black
               | student, and trans people are I would assume more likely
               | to change their appearance, including as a result of
               | taking hormones and having facial
               | feminization/masculinization surgeries.
        
             | kazinator wrote:
             | The rationally strongest case would be the privacy thing,
             | not the neoliberal-outrage-inducing factors.
        
             | cscurmudgeon wrote:
             | > Don't you normally expect people to make the strongest
             | case for preventing something?
             | 
             | Yes, but with some evidence. Otherwise, as a society, this
             | is a bad direction to head in.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | https://www.blumenthal.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/2020.12.3
               | %20... references two articles:
               | 
               | https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/08/07/1006132/softw
               | are...
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/29/style/testing-schools-
               | pro...
        
             | Enginerrrd wrote:
             | >Don't you normally expect people to make the strongest
             | case for preventing something?
             | 
             | Not at the expense of grounded reasoning. When I see poorly
             | substantiated claims, it shouldn't, but it really drags the
             | whole rest of the argument down. The argument presented
             | about lawsuits is actually a great example of why I think
             | that's a broken system. They resolve that issue of lost
             | credibility by considering each issue with total, clear,
             | and mandated separation. Outside of that legal world with
             | very well-defined rules, using such tactics reduces
             | credibility.
             | 
             | I should note, that in this particular case, the claim of
             | racial biases is at least substantiated by a believable
             | anecdote.
             | 
             | EDIT: To clarify why I think the legal methodology is
             | broken, its only because the same principles apply to
             | criminal trials. IMO, prosecutors should NOT be throwing
             | poorly substantiated charges at a defendant just to
             | increase their winning probability and make the required
             | defense more expensive.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | If you think the accusations are poorly substantiated,
               | then make that case, rather than just complaining that
               | too many accusations were included in the same paragraph.
        
               | isoskeles wrote:
               | I don't have to. Using a Gish gallop of bad arguments
               | doesn't impose some moral imperative on me to prove every
               | single one wrong.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | No, but I think that raises the question of why you think
               | the quoted bit above is a bad argument. It tracks with
               | various reports I've seen linked in HN on this topic over
               | the past couple years.
        
               | isoskeles wrote:
               | I know that 95% of the time I see a Gish gallop of
               | identity politics, it's not an argument to engage in at
               | all because even when you do, you're called racist
               | yourself unless you subserviently agree with every aspect
               | of the argument. The identity politics argument is often
               | a tempting one because it allows people to act
               | righteously indignant and feel powerful.
               | 
               | Case in point, here's someone saying, 'How can you even
               | handwave away systemic racism?' in reply to a comment
               | agreeing that bias exists but is not deliberate:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29164295
               | 
               | Also, the identity politics argument seems to hinder a
               | simple, moral argument against surveillance software as a
               | violation of privacy. The logical implication of the IP
               | argument is that _this surveillance software would be
               | okay to use if we manage to work out all the kinks_.
        
               | BobbyJo wrote:
               | > When I see poorly substantiated claims, it shouldn't,
               | but it really drags the whole rest of the argument down.
               | 
               | It should. If someone is willing to make wild,
               | unsubstantiated, claims, it _should_ detract from their
               | credibility.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | You're talking about a letter from a U.S. Senator citing
               | published reports in e.g. MIT Technology Review and
               | concerns raised by professional organizations. I think
               | dismissing that as "wild, unsubstantiated" would require
               | at least some discussion of the linked claims.
        
               | BobbyJo wrote:
               | Why should I reference the particulars of the link when
               | refuting a generalization?
               | 
               | If the parent comment had said something to the effect of
               | "I should give the benefit of the doubt to a sitting US
               | senator" then you'd have a point, but that context wasn't
               | part of their statement.
               | 
               | Edit: Also, frankly, I wouldn't give the benefit of the
               | doubt to a US senator. If anything, it makes the identity
               | politics feel even more irrelevant.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Okay, trying engaging intellectually with the reports
               | rather than just reacting to someone's one sentence
               | summary of thousands of words. It's kind of hard to see
               | any definition of "identity politics" which includes the
               | reports but not your emotional reaction to accurate
               | words.
        
               | BobbyJo wrote:
               | > Okay, trying engaging intellectually with the reports
               | rather than just reacting to someone's one sentence
               | summary of thousands of words
               | 
               | I wasn't reacting to a summary, I was reacting to an
               | independent premise. The sentence I reacted to, at least
               | the way I read it, was broad to the point of being more
               | of an axiom with which the commenter interpreted the
               | post. As I see it, disagreeing with an axiom is an
               | intellectual engagement. Feel free to counter my
               | disagreement.
               | 
               | > It's kind of hard to see any definition of "identity
               | politics" which includes the reports but not your
               | emotional reaction to accurate words.
               | 
               | Not entirely sure what you're saying here, but none of
               | what I said was emotional. Simply pointing out that
               | pattern matching is a viable way of filtering other
               | people's thoughts and ideas. If someone makes wild claim,
               | it should change the way you view other claims which may
               | have seemed more rational in their absence. Not really an
               | emotional statement in my mind, but again, feel free to
               | point out which part of this you disagree with and I'd be
               | happy to engage.
               | 
               | As it stands now you aren't really responding to anything
               | I've said, but rather disagreeing that what I'm
               | responding to warrants responding, which is rather
               | tangential.
        
           | pdpi wrote:
           | It's important to note that none of these things are
           | necessarily done deliberately (though "white supremacy" is
           | perhaps a bad way to express "racism that benefits white
           | people specifically"). Other than transphobia, either the
           | linked article, or the letter linked in that article provide
           | evidence for all of the accusations. Facial recognition
           | software that doesn't handle dark skin well intrinsically
           | treats different ethnicities differently, in this case
           | disadvantaging non-white people. Many of the markers for
           | "suspicious behaviour" that are used to detect cheating are
           | also present in people with both mental and physical health
           | conditions. Dealing poorly with headware has an outsized
           | influence for non-white women (who are likeliest to wear
           | headwear that obstructs the face).
           | 
           | Again, I wouldn't chalk any of this up to deliberate bias
           | against any of these groups, but it's all bias anonetheless.
        
             | ygjb wrote:
             | > (though "white supremacy" is perhaps a bad way to express
             | "racism that benefits white people specifically")
             | 
             | Can you explain how racism that benefits white people
             | specifically, as enabled through either direct, explicit
             | bias in policies or laws, or indirect, implicit bias
             | through a lack of diversity when conducting research on
             | human computer interactions, or training corpus used for
             | machine learning _is not explicitly white supremacy_?
             | 
             | These types of issues have been mainstream and well
             | documented that they are at the centre of a 2009 episode of
             | a sitcom (Better Off Ted, Racial Sensitivity), among many
             | other more conventional studies of the phenomenon.
             | 
             | After decades of research (and centuries of practical
             | observation) how is it even possible to handwave away
             | systemic racism and bias "that benefits white people
             | specifically" as anything other that white supremacy?
             | 
             |  _Edit: I accidentally left out the italicized part of the
             | first question_.
        
               | jedimastert wrote:
               | I think "white supremacy" tends to imply direct, explicit
               | bias, and may sort of exclude the built-in "unrealized"
               | biases that exist in the current culture, where white
               | supremacy was the _foundation_ but not necessarily
               | explicitly imbued.
        
               | pdpi wrote:
               | I'm not handwaving anything away. It's just that I don't
               | think all racism is the same.
               | 
               | White supremacy, to me, implies explicit, militant,
               | proactive racism. People who might very well be proud of
               | the fact they're racists.
               | 
               | This story is about a software system that (among many
               | other issues) doesn't work well with darker skin tones in
               | low light. Especially in light of all the other failure
               | modes, I'd ascribe that to carelessness or indiference,
               | mixed with pressure to reduce false negatives at the
               | expense of more false positives. I wouldn't be surprised
               | if training data and/or testing were filmed in an office
               | setting with the amount of light you expect there, and
               | they never ran across the issues with dark skin
               | interacting poorly with the amount of lighting a student
               | would have a home.
        
               | ygjb wrote:
               | > White supremacy, to me, implies explicit, militant,
               | proactive racism. People who might very well be proud of
               | the fact they're racists.
               | 
               | That is only half of the story of white supremacy though.
               | The other half is the entrenched systems and biases baked
               | into those systems that largely benefit white people, and
               | that train people, through experience, to prioritize
               | preserving the existing systems and status quo.
               | 
               | Not considering the fact that there is a well documented
               | history over the last 20 years of tech companies and
               | business in general prioritizing the experiences of the
               | white majority, at the expense of people of colour, is
               | largely the reason why you can _" wouldn't be surprised
               | if training data and/or testing were filmed in an office
               | setting with the amount of light you expect there, and
               | they never ran across the issues with dark skin
               | interacting poorly with the amount of lighting a student
               | would have a home."_, and not consider that being the
               | norm, or even acceptable as being indicative of white
               | supremacy.
               | 
               | Those biases may not always, and only impact people of
               | colour, but they do overwhelmingly benefit white people.
               | That's the entire point of the article that OP shared,
               | and the references the author of that post uses to back
               | their claims.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | White supremacy is the idea that white people are
               | inherently better and more capable and therefore more
               | deserving. Hence, for something to be white supremacy, it
               | doesn't just need to have a bias favoring white people.
               | It should also have a justification of this favoring
               | based on white people deserving better or being better.
               | 
               | Racist systems that have encoded societies biases are
               | generally not white supremacist. The 'justification' for
               | those systems is often things like "this is just the way
               | it is" or "this was easier to do like this" or "I went
               | with my own experience".
               | 
               | These days a lot of racism does not come from white
               | supremacy. It either comes from something like
               | familiarity bias of people in power, or from following
               | the status quo mindlessly. Calling those acts white
               | supremacist can be dangerous. It allows the real white
               | supremacists to hide among the unknowing. It also pushes
               | people who unintentionally did something racist way into
               | the defensive if you tell them they are white
               | supremacist. And pushing people who unintentionally did
               | racist things into defending their actions is not going
               | to make things better.
        
               | sophacles wrote:
               | There's an old saying: "It is difficult to get a man to
               | understand something when his salary depends upon his not
               | understanding it" (often attributed to Upton Sinclair,
               | not sure if that's true or not tho).
               | 
               | Id like to suggest that what you are calling "familiarity
               | bias" might have a component of the quote in it too. Not
               | salary in this case, but social position. That is in the
               | racist system, one race of folks get better treatment,
               | and if they want to maintain better treatment, the status
               | quo must be maintained. The group of people at top of a
               | racial hierarchy (that is in the supreme position), are
               | incentivized to keep the racist system. When race is
               | considered a bad reason to judge a person, they still are
               | incentivized to maintain the system, just find different
               | words to justify the status quo.
               | 
               | I guess a different way of saying this is - white
               | supremacy describes a race based social hierarchy where
               | white people are at the highest level. It has also been
               | used to describe the lowlife Nazi or KKK wannabes that
               | advocate for it in the baldest terms, but they are bigots
               | who advocate for white supremacy using racist terms like
               | "inferior genetics" or worse.
               | 
               | Compare the term racist itself - there are folks who
               | would have you believe that the term is limited to
               | personal bigotry against people of a different race, and
               | has nothing to do with the rules and actions of systems
               | (a position I think you don't hold due to your
               | description of racist systems).
        
               | ygjb wrote:
               | > White supremacy is the idea that white people are
               | inherently better and more capable and therefore more
               | deserving.
               | 
               | That's a common dictionary or encyclopedia definition of
               | the white supremacy. More broadly, white supremacy also
               | refers to the systems and structures of power that are
               | built into most of "western" (a better term might be
               | post-colonial) societies that favor both white people,
               | and people who support or uphold the balance of power in
               | those post-colonial societies.
               | 
               | > Racist systems that have encoded societies biases are
               | generally not white supremacist
               | 
               | I agree, however I think that those racist systems that
               | are not inherently white supremacist in nature are
               | largely rooted in non-colonial countries (basically
               | countries other than the European colonial powers, and
               | the countries that grew out of those colonies).
               | 
               | > It also pushes people who unintentionally did something
               | racist way into the defensive if you tell them they are
               | white supremacist. And pushing people who unintentionally
               | did racist things into defending their actions is not
               | going to make things better.
               | 
               | That is just not true. If someone does or says something
               | racist, they can and should be challenged on it. If they
               | become defensive, there are multiple reasons that could
               | happen, but if the reason is that they simply didn't know
               | better, it's just the way their society is, or if the
               | reason is that they are opposed to "wokeness" (which is a
               | catch-all for intersectionality, critical race theory,
               | and many other modern perspectives and ideologies that
               | are largely centered on dismantling power structures and
               | reducing bias and discrimination), then it's likely that
               | they are supporting white supremacy out of ignorance
               | (whether that ignorance is from being uninformed or
               | uneducated, or the more malicious willful ignorance of
               | people who choose to use or engage in racist norms
               | because they are opposed to "wokeness" from an
               | ideological or other perspective).
               | 
               | Pushing people who do things that could be cast as
               | unintentionally racist is the only way to a) educate
               | them, so they can do better, or b) determine if it was an
               | intentional act. I know this from practical experience,
               | and it was only from going through the hard and painful
               | experience of being called out on harmful
               | "unintentionally" racist jokes and behaviour that I
               | learned to do better after being raised by a family that
               | had (and for the most part, still has) some pretty racist
               | and discriminatory views.
        
               | fabianhjr wrote:
               | [deleted]
        
               | ygjb wrote:
               | Yes, I totally get that, unfortunately I accidentally
               | left out part of the first question in an edit :(
        
               | fabianhjr wrote:
               | Ah gotcha, deleted the comment.
        
             | jedimastert wrote:
             | This is speculation, but many transgendered folks tend to
             | present gender in an non-traditional way, as well as people
             | in the midst of transitioning that may be "in between"
             | presentations in a traditional sense. If you only train on
             | cisgendered faces, you may only be training on sort of
             | "default" gender presentations, facial structure, and the
             | like, which may give a similar disadvantage.
        
               | pdpi wrote:
               | I can totally 100% see how transgender people might trip
               | up some of these things. For the point of this
               | discussion, though, all the other biases had a specific
               | example in the linked article, whereas that one didn't.
        
           | agentdrtran wrote:
           | Which one of these is inaccurate?
        
             | throwaway135790 wrote:
             | The claim of "transphobia" is extremely weak, for one.
             | Clicking through the maze of links, the argument appears to
             | be that because algorithms that attempt to guess gender
             | based on photos sometimes guess wrong when trans people are
             | involved, _all_ attempts by computers to look at faces must
             | therefore be transphobic, even if those computers do not
             | attempt to guess the gender of the person whose face they
             | 're looking at.
        
           | captn3m0 wrote:
           | I followed the references to find the actual argument behind
           | calling surveillance proctoring all of the above, and these
           | are the relevant bits[0]:
           | 
           | >At the beginning of a test, these products ask students to
           | verify their identity by matching their appearance with a
           | photo ID. As Os Keyes has demonstrated, facial recognition
           | has a terrible history with gender[x]. This means that a
           | software asking students to verify their identity is
           | compromising for students who identify as trans, non-binary,
           | or express their gender in ways counter to
           | cis/heteronormativity. If a student's gender expression or
           | name on their ID are different from their current gender
           | expression or name, the algorithm may flag them as
           | suspicious. When this happens, they may have to undergo
           | another level of scrutiny to authenticate their identity, an
           | already common and traumatic experience for trans and gender
           | non-conforming students. If these students are not alerted of
           | this possibility before the test begins, it may force them to
           | either discontinue the test and risk their grade, or out
           | themselves to their course owner when they may not want to,
           | risking more trauma and discrimination including being denied
           | financial aid, being forced to leave their institution, or
           | have their lives put in physical danger.
           | 
           | >The Eugenic Gaze is a combination of white supremacy,
           | sexism, ableism, cis/heteronormativity, and xenophobia. When
           | we apply the Eugenic Gaze using technology, the way we do
           | with algorithmic test proctoring, we're able to codify and
           | reinforce all of those oppressive systems while avoiding
           | equity-based critiques because of our belief in the
           | neutrality of data and technology.
           | 
           | Their recommendations are quite reasonable:
           | 
           | >Don't use algorithmic test proctoring. Instead, focus on
           | pedagogical techniques that you can use to design
           | assessments, online or in person, that draw from personal
           | experience or require students to apply concepts in unique
           | contexts. If you have to use algorithmic test proctoring,
           | make sure students know about the test settings and ID
           | requirement well before they take a test, and assure them
           | that you will not take any behavior flagged as "suspicious"
           | into consideration that isn't described explicitly in the
           | syllabus.
           | 
           | The GP link[1] instead calls out "Facial Recognition Tech",
           | and "Algorithmic Proctoring" as being too biased and follows
           | up with a petition[2] to ban these entirely.
           | 
           | [0]: https://hybridpedagogy.org/our-bodies-encoded-
           | algorithmic-te...
           | 
           | [1]: https://library.auraria.edu/news/2021/why-online-test-
           | procto...
           | 
           | [2]: https://www.sheaswauger.com/post/petition-to-ban-facial-
           | reco...
           | 
           | [x]: https://ironholds.org/resources/papers/agr_paper.pdf
           | "The Misgendering Machines: Trans/HCI Implications of
           | Automatic Gender Recognition"
        
           | aeturnum wrote:
           | Things are bad in particular ways - software that is more
           | likely to falsely punish people of color does support the
           | continued dominance of white people in a real, material way.
           | Noting how things are bad seems useful and important to me.
           | 
           | That being said, there's a rotating list of "badnesses" that
           | are in the zeitgeist and I agree that it's annoying to see
           | them flogged at every opportunity (often w/o much insight).
        
             | mercurialmaven wrote:
             | "software that is more likely to falsely punish people of
             | color does support the continued dominance of white people
             | in a real, material way."
             | 
             | The statement is at best extremely misleading, and at
             | worse, mostly false. It also represents a juvenile,
             | immature, and myopic perspective on reality.
             | 
             | I would suggest reading "Wealth, Poverty, and Politics" or
             | "Discrimination and Disparities" by Thomas Sowell. He has
             | been debunking the "inequality of outcome therefore racism"
             | logical fallacy for decades.
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | Software that's way more likely to fail you literally
               | because of darker skin sounds way more like "inequality
               | of opportunity" to me.
        
               | mechanical_bear wrote:
               | It's more likely to fail because...physics. The sensor on
               | your webcam is only so big, and can only capture so much
               | light. Darker faces require more lighting to capture
               | details. Photography isn't racist, it's physical
               | limitations that come into play.
        
               | aeturnum wrote:
               | > _Photography isn't racist, it's physical limitations
               | that come into play._
               | 
               | I wanna pull this apart a bit because I think it's a good
               | opportunity to talk about how systemic bias gets started.
               | Digital sensor evolution is path-dependent. Technologists
               | developed photo-sites that have "enough" dynamic range
               | for most uses before moving on to increase the resolution
               | on a sensor. What exactly is "enough" depends on your
               | test data.
               | 
               | The sensor on a webcam is only "so big" as you say - but
               | how that sensor balances resolution and photo-site count
               | depends on what conditions they consider acceptable. We
               | could build web cams that would see more pigmented faces
               | better - there is no fundamental limitation in the
               | technology itself. It's that a series of decisions have
               | been made over years of development, generally without
               | people thinking specifically about race at all, and we've
               | arrived at a status quo that has adverse outcomes for
               | people with different skin tones.
               | 
               | There was a similar process that happened with film
               | photography[1]. Not that film, as a technology, is unable
               | to capture dark skin - but that the development standards
               | that were tested and distributed were designed for
               | lighter skin.
               | 
               | Like, I agree that the webcams we have aren't
               | intentionally 'racist.' But I do think that the status
               | quo that has led everyone to accept this balance of
               | dynamic range and resolution is reflective of valuing
               | people with lighter skin more.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/25/lens/sarah-lewis-
               | racial-b...
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | A) The major issue is not the sensors, it's the lack of
               | emphasis of ML training data for darker skin.
               | 
               | B) Even if it were simply physics at play, requiring the
               | use of a system known to have physical constraints
               | against darker skin causing failing grades purely on that
               | metric is still pretty racist.
        
               | aeturnum wrote:
               | Where did I say that unequal outcomes must, necessarily,
               | be caused by racism? What is misleading about what I
               | said?
               | 
               | It seems like you're reading a specific thing I said
               | about a specific scenario and universalizing it in a way
               | you imagine I might universalize it. I'd love to hear a
               | critique of what I actually said, or we could talk about
               | our views of society in a wider way, but I can't respond
               | to this combination of generally dismissing what I said
               | and attacking what you imagine I might think.
        
               | mercurialmaven wrote:
               | I stand at least partially corrected. I am not familiar
               | with biases in facial recognition software but it looks
               | like a real thing in some cases, caused for instance by
               | lack of diversity in training data sets.
        
           | comrh wrote:
           | The quoted person expands on their arguments on those topics
           | in the linked article. If you think they're needlessly
           | "playing a card" why not engage with the actual argument?
        
           | named-user wrote:
           | Yes because to do otherwise would be exclusionist.
        
           | vadfa wrote:
           | https://library.auraria.edu/sites/default/files/images/fancy.
           | ..
        
           | monocasa wrote:
           | When they break even worse when you have black skin, it
           | certainly sounds like a civil rights violation.
        
             | LudwigNagasena wrote:
             | It really doesn't.
        
           | devilduck wrote:
           | Must it always be a game where cards are to be played? Things
           | can indeed simply be bad, such as your ideas about the text
           | you are quoting.
        
           | backoncemore wrote:
           | > proctoring is a modern surveillance technology that
           | reinforces white supremacy, sexism, ableism, and transphobia.
           | 
           | All you can do is laugh at this point.
        
           | compscistd wrote:
           | It's hard to make people care with "bad/user hostile/privacy
           | invading" because those terms have saturated descriptions of
           | behavior that users are okay with. Example: tons of articles
           | mention FB as a privacy invading or user hostile service but
           | it continues to be used by people who don't really care.
           | Using the same terminology for something that is arguably
           | worse with much higher stakes (algorithmic proctoring that
           | "reinforces white supremacy, sexism, ableism, and
           | transphobia") is appropriate because it gets the reader to
           | care by illustrating exactly what is possible with algo
           | proctoring.
           | 
           | I sense you're tired of discussions that mention the "cards
           | in the deck", likely because you aren't affected by them and
           | therefore care little for them. That's honestly fair, but
           | there's value in writing that way to channel outrage into
           | action.
        
             | NikolaeVarius wrote:
             | So you're completely okay with saying anything that has
             | dubious truth value as long as it supports whatever cause
             | you happen to promote.
             | 
             | Great. Good to know where the zeitgeist is.
        
               | kilnr wrote:
               | But extrapolating from one HN commenter onto the entire
               | zeitgeist is acceptable to you?
        
               | NikolaeVarius wrote:
               | Direct question. Do you agree with the aforementioned
               | commenter and why or why not.
        
           | ygjb wrote:
           | I mean, it's an article about how a technology is negatively
           | impacting marginalized groups, and cites research that backs
           | those claims. It makes sense to cite the groups and practices
           | most impacted by it.
           | 
           | You could read the research and refute it, or you could just
           | bluster about things. I know you tried to expand on it in
           | your comment below, but minimizing the specific concerns
           | raised to "isms" and ignoring that at least two of the
           | references in the articles linked and their references for
           | the actual research addressed at least the socioeconomic
           | portion of it, illustrates that you only applied your surface
           | level perspective and criticism.
        
           | 908B64B197 wrote:
           | > Things cannot simply be bad/user hostile/privacy invading,
           | etc.
           | 
           | In this case, the algorithm is actually bad for _all_
           | ethnicities [0]. It 's just that it's extremely bad for black
           | students (fails half the time) and just regular bad for
           | everyone else (fails a quarter of the time).
           | 
           | [0] https://www.theverge.com/2021/4/8/22374386/proctorio-
           | racial-...
        
           | gunshai wrote:
           | Haha, you gotta know when to holdem
        
           | NikolaeVarius wrote:
           | Yes. Since its A) incredibly easy to play all the cards and
           | b) its pretty much impossible to attempt to refute without
           | being labeled all of the above and c) gives the accuser woke
           | points
           | 
           | Its win win win for the accuser
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | b) is untrue. It's pretty clear when fake accusations are
             | BS and you don't have to be "labeled" to call them out.
             | 
             | It does require you to engage with people directly.
        
               | NikolaeVarius wrote:
               | Im calling out this accusation as fake and
               | unsubstantiated.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | You're not being accused of anything, so whatever's fake
               | is in your head.
        
               | NikolaeVarius wrote:
               | Clearly you are attempting to deliberately misread my
               | comment since your comment literally makes no sense in
               | context.
               | 
               | "This" clearly means the original accusation in the OP.
        
             | toqy wrote:
             | You're anonymous online. You have the ability to create a
             | throwaway and refute the actual arguments in the article
             | all you want with literally 0 repercussion. Honestly seems
             | more like you're chasing your own version of woke points.
        
               | NikolaeVarius wrote:
               | Ok Fine.
               | 
               | > It's not clear to me that algorithmic proctoring is a
               | modern surveillance technology that reinforces white
               | supremacy, sexism, ableism, and transphobia. The use of
               | these tools is an invasion of students' privacy and,
               | often, a civil rights violation."
        
               | hhhhhbh wrote:
               | He's not anonymous, he's posting with his real name and
               | has a KeyBase identity in his profile. Honestly it takes
               | serious guts to call out Woke BS with proof of identity
               | in your profile.
        
             | devilduck wrote:
             | Of course! Calling this out makes you a free-spirit and
             | free-thinker. Definitely not brainwashed at all to be
             | oppositional to that list of things that are obviously
             | terrible.
        
           | camgunz wrote:
           | It's not news that facial recognition is best at white male-
           | presenting faces and bad at all the others. ProctorU is also
           | pretty hard to use for the differently abled.
           | 
           | I think you just reflexively dismissed this because you saw a
           | basket of words that normally go along with things you
           | disagree with, but the argument is pretty solid.
        
             | handrous wrote:
             | > It's not news that facial recognition is best at white
             | male-presenting faces
             | 
             | Really? On the male part? I'd have expected it to do best
             | with women, because I'd have figured facial hair is more
             | difficult to deal with than a wider varieties of hair
             | styles.
        
         | mechanical_bear wrote:
         | > ...reinforces white supremacy, sexism, ableism, and
         | transphobia.
         | 
         | Article proceeds to use a lot of words to not show any of these
         | being true.
         | 
         | I am against it for the general dystopian surveillance
         | normalization it encourages. We don't need to throw a word
         | salad of made up progressive insults against it to resist its
         | implementation.
        
         | wespiser_2018 wrote:
         | Agreed: even with room scans, you could defeat it by unrolling
         | a giant cheatsheet on timer/remote control, and just stealing
         | glances.
         | 
         | Still, ProctorU it's a major deterrence to cheating, I'm just
         | not sure it's worth the cost.
        
       | spoonjim wrote:
       | I've never seen a critique of proctoring software that offers an
       | alternate solution to the problem (remotely delivering a skills
       | assessment that is used to allocate resources in an environment
       | known to have rampant cheating)
        
         | hackermailman wrote:
         | Best way is do away with exams and have projects graded
         | instead. Math write a survey paper on the subject that
         | demonstrates expertise, then orally defend it on live chat
         | where you can't easily cheat, that's what my school did but
         | only had european accreditation whereas regional US likes 20th
         | century examination style.
        
           | spoonjim wrote:
           | Anything subjectively graded like a project is a big vector
           | for introducing evaluator bias.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ketzu wrote:
         | And the ones that do propose alternatives do so from a very
         | narrow point of view. Oral exams are much more time consuming
         | and simply not practical in many situations. Projects and
         | seminar papers have similar problems, especially in early
         | semesters.
        
         | schroeding wrote:
         | At least in STEM:
         | 
         | Create an exercise that contains a technical term that does not
         | exist, and create a page containg it with a plausible, but
         | wrong solution for the excercise. Make sure that the page is
         | easily found with Google. Give everyone who solved it using the
         | wrong solution a failing mark.
         | 
         | Personalize every exam. Create a pool of exercises and choose n
         | exercises per student, based on the student id. Easily done if
         | the sheets are already LaTeX anyway.
         | 
         | Create heavy time pressure. Cheating is very hard when even
         | completing all exercises regularly is almost impossible.
         | (Lovingly called "Zeitklausur" in German, lit. "time exam",
         | it's normal that students are unable to finish those in time)
         | 
         | Create exams that don't just test the ability to vomit
         | knowledge, but test the ability to use that knowledge, and let
         | students explain in their own words.
         | 
         | Replace the exam with multiple small projects and
         | presentations.
         | 
         | All of those things were used by different chairs / departments
         | in my university :-)
         | 
         | Nothing will prevent "someone else writes the exam for another
         | student" with absolute certainty, yes. But neither does
         | proctoring software.
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | There's a discussion upthread right now about making the whole
         | problem irrelevant by switching to open book tests and/or
         | having a 5-minute conversation with the student to make sure
         | that they actually have some clue what they're talking about.
        
         | notreallyserio wrote:
         | Have students sit for an exam and then follow up with a
         | question or two (from a pool of N), live, to see if they
         | actually understand the material. We're paying hundreds or
         | thousands each, they can easily afford to spend the time.
        
       | hackermailman wrote:
       | How do enroll in a Msc program and not read how exams are done? I
       | took remote university for a while, you either go to some exam
       | invigilator and pay the $20 for them to monitor you (some campus
       | libraries it's free) or you have someone volunteer to do it who
       | meets the criteria. Big deal this article is a twitter quality
       | rant.
       | 
       | The problem is of course regional accreditation rules of
       | proctored exams
        
       | rudian wrote:
       | Nothing in the video is particularly egregious other than having
       | to use your own hardware to do it. All those precautions are
       | followed if you're in a controlled test environment; Since they
       | can't control your home and computer, they must ensure you're not
       | cheating.
       | 
       | I don't see a problem with that, you're taking a test.
       | 
       | That said, I would not like to install this on my computer and
       | would 100% use a separate user to do so. As long as it runs in
       | the home directory I will trash it afterwards. I even use Zoom
       | from my phone rather than installing it on my computer, but if I
       | had to I'd do the same.
        
         | zeppers wrote:
         | There is an alternative solution to this problem with far less
         | privacy implications....
         | 
         | Examind.io
        
       | ManBlanket wrote:
       | I was entertained until this undoubtedly vaccinated hero used
       | Covid as an excuse for not taking an in-person exam, despite
       | writing this article in November of 2021. It's okay if you don't
       | want to do something, but stop exploiting Covid. If you're still
       | doing this it sounds ridiculous. Get over it.
        
       | serjester wrote:
       | I think a lot of people underestimate how rampant cheating is. I
       | knew people in undergrad that would get entire groups together to
       | take online exams. While invasive, ProcotU makes this far more
       | difficult.
       | 
       | You could make the argument this is how real life works, but
       | we'll need to radically redesign the current curriculum if the
       | internet becomes fair game. Long term this is a must, but short
       | term not making an effort to stop cheating will corrupt the
       | entire institution - anyone that doesn't cheat is at a severe
       | disadvantage.
        
       | wooptoo wrote:
       | This looks like something the UK Gov could use for SELT exams,
       | visa & immigration tests or other similar secure tests approved
       | by the government.
       | 
       | At the moment these are taken in person in secure buildings where
       | you are identified at the entrance, your belongings are stored in
       | a locker, and the exam itself is taken in a secure room on
       | computers with no/limited internet connection, etc. You are timed
       | and monitored.
        
       | Cort3z wrote:
       | What is stopping someone from having a separate machine right
       | next to the infested one?
        
         | MH15 wrote:
         | Proctorio (competing software) can require students to "scan"
         | their room by moving the camera around, making it more
         | difficult to hide a second device.
        
       | rickspencer3 wrote:
       | I'm waiting for the world to catch up with the fact that looking
       | up information while you are working is a core part of any real
       | job. Do I care if my Linux Security Professional spends a few
       | minutes looking up information on the internet before taking some
       | action? It's not the case that anyone can solve any problem so
       | long as they have a search engine. Without domain knowledge, an
       | open ended web search is not going to lead to a convincing answer
       | except for the most trivial questions.
       | 
       | This extends to coding interviews as well. Using the resources at
       | one's disposal to get a sense of the landscape before diving into
       | algorithms must surely be part of the job, right? What do I care
       | if a developer needs a quick reminder before diving into a
       | solution, or even reads up a bit and scans someone else's code
       | before answering?
       | 
       | What is the value in ensuring that people have perfect recall if
       | this is something that will almost never be necessary in a real
       | world job?
        
         | dunnevens wrote:
         | I took an astronomy course a few years ago which had a fairly
         | forward-thinking (if a bit lazy) instructor. The initial tests
         | were fairly conventional. But for the intense test right before
         | the final, he gave us a comprehensive take-home. With the full
         | assumption we'd be hitting Google hard for the more difficult
         | questions. He knew this was a complex topic. Thought we'd learn
         | more and retain more with a test where we had to show some
         | initiative in finding the right answers without the stress of
         | having to remember it on the spot.
         | 
         | Plus, it doubled as a study guide for the actual final which
         | was only a couple of weeks later. I thought it was a remarkably
         | kind thing to do. Took out a little stress. Gave even the
         | struggling students an easy "A". And it worked as a
         | comprehensive guide to almost everything we covered.
        
         | mijamo wrote:
         | You are not thinking about the real risk. It is not about
         | preventing a candidate to Google a few things on the side. It
         | is to prevent a completely different person from doing the exam
         | instead of the candidate and simply sending them the answers.
         | And don't think it is just an abstract threat, there are whole
         | businesses built around that. Unfortunately there is not much
         | you can do to have exams remotely and be sure the candidate is
         | the one doing the exam without being extremely invasive.
        
           | rickspencer3 wrote:
           | This is a good point that I had not, in fact, considered.
        
         | soco wrote:
         | I bombed once an interview at a major bank when the hiring
         | manager insisted what I would do if something happened to the
         | system, and there would be no internet to search for answers.
         | When I answered that nobody would notice the system was crashed
         | if there was no internet didn't please him very much.
        
           | kabdib wrote:
           | Ironically enough, you might not have internet access at your
           | datacenter (reception issues, so no wifi or phone data, and
           | switchport connections are often secured or don't route to a
           | public internet). And things get really entertaining when
           | your whole office network is down.
           | 
           | It's not an odd question. "Okay, the whole subnet where your
           | credentials server used to be is now a smoking hole in the
           | ground, and IT forgot to pay the fiber bill last month. What
           | do you wish you'd done three years earlier to address this
           | problem?"
        
         | bengale wrote:
         | It's always seemed a little off. I've been coding for 15 or so
         | years and I still sometimes completely blank on certain
         | javascript array functions and need to google it.
        
         | vianneychevalie wrote:
         | In consulting I produce better thought-out and constructed
         | recommendations if I parse a book and previously-delivered
         | decks of slides. Hell, even ISO standards.
         | 
         | On the other hand, at least a basic level of recollection is
         | necessary for quick thinking in meetings, you don't always have
         | the time to look up documentation.
        
           | Sebb767 wrote:
           | And you can perfectly evaluate that by setting a realistic
           | (!) time limit and judging the quality of the answers. It's
           | absolutely irrelevant how much recollection you have if you
           | still manage to solve the problem efficiently.
        
         | seanc wrote:
         | I invite candidates to "error out" to internet resources and
         | use their own professional judgement about what is and is not
         | okay.
         | 
         | To set people at ease I tell them up front that only one
         | candidate has crossed the line (googled the solution) and
         | everyone else has made perfectly appropriate choices; "elseif
         | or elif?" and small details like that.
        
       | acdha wrote:
       | They also lie about supporting Firefox. A family member needed to
       | use this for a professional license. Following the instructions
       | (which is basically turning off most security warnings and
       | installing a bunch of malware) didn't work and the first thing
       | support said was to install Chrome.
       | 
       | Shockingly, this was due to some JavaScript relying on an older
       | Chrome proprietary API so there's no possible way they actually
       | tested it against their alleged support matrix.
        
         | chuckee wrote:
         | Sounds like an open and shut case of false advertising, a
         | crime.
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | Sure, got a few million dollars to bring a lawsuit knowing
           | that if it starts go somewhere they'll issue a 3-line patch
           | and blame the intern for not testing it?
        
             | EMIRELADERO wrote:
             | I know it's just a saying, but I feel the need to de-
             | mistify this.
             | 
             | Lawsuits don't cost millions. Court fees are absolutely
             | never that high, and lawyers, while some may be expensive,
             | are generally affordable for ~middle class (or even lower
             | class if someone wants to do pro-bono work for you)
             | 
             | The whole "lawsuits cost millions" thing is a myth
             | perpetuated by big corporations and further relied by
             | normal folk who hear it from somewher else, which probably
             | heard it from somewhere else, and so on.
             | 
             | When you read in the news "X company wasted $XX million in
             | legal fees", what it actually means is "they stretched out
             | the case with a team of very expensive corporate lawyers
             | whoses price ranges are in the millions".
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | You're right that lawsuits don't always cost millions.
               | However, they will cost at minimum tens of thousands of
               | dollars. Filing fees are generally a few hundred dollars
               | _per document_ , and median lawyers' fees are somewhere
               | around $300/hr, depending on jurisdiction. And--in the US
               | --it is generally expected that you pay your lawyer's
               | fees whether you won or lost.
               | 
               | The advice I have gotten from _actual lawyers_ is that it
               | 's literally not worth it if you expect to get only a few
               | thousand dollars.
        
               | dheera wrote:
               | This is why we need robot laywers that can Sue-as-a-
               | Service for $5/hr. Just log into the website, type in who
               | you want to sue, why you want to sue them, and it should
               | take care of the rest. With enough proceedings from past
               | cases it should be possible to train an algorithm to
               | create the defense that is most likely to win.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | Unfortunately, that doesn't really work. While there's a
               | lot of court documents that are going to be highly
               | formulaic and could plausibly be written almost Mad Libs
               | style, there are several court documents that are going
               | to rely very heavily on the unique factual nature of the
               | case. Responses and replies to motions are going to fall
               | into that latter category almost universally.
        
               | fabianhjr wrote:
               | What about just funding public prosecutors? (Or rather
               | more funding for public prosecutors)
        
               | lisper wrote:
               | > The whole "lawsuits cost millions" thing is a myth
               | 
               | That may be, but they can easily cost many tens or
               | hundreds of thousands of dollars. Lawyers typically bill
               | at multiple hundreds of dollars an hour so it doesn't
               | take a lot of hours to rack up five- or six-figure costs.
               | That's high-stakes poker for most people.
               | 
               | I once sued a neighbor for their barking dog. It cost me
               | over $10,000 before I pulled the plug.
               | 
               | https://blog.rongarret.info/2009/07/dog-days.html
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Okay, yes, hopefully that's hyperbole but it's still a
               | LOT more than most people are going to want to spend --
               | that's why this works: if they were trying to take your
               | house, sure, you'd lawyer up but when it's more like a
               | principled stand on privacy, an awful lot of people are
               | going to reasonably conclude that it's not worth the
               | cost. This is the advantage to having, say, a government
               | privacy regulator which has lawyers on staff whose entire
               | job is to do things like this.
               | 
               | This is especially work considering with this particular
               | company, which has a history of using legal threats to
               | silence critics:
               | 
               | https://www.gofundme.com/f/stand-against-proctorio
               | 
               | I would DEFINITELY not jump at the chance to incur a
               | similar reaction.
        
               | horsawlarway wrote:
               | I don't understand how you think this is solely one-
               | sided.
               | 
               | > "they stretched out the case with a team of very
               | expensive corporate lawyers whoses price ranges are in
               | the millions".
               | 
               | Yes - The company stretched the case out with expensive
               | lawyers: Do you think the other side is somehow not
               | obligated to also continue dealing with that case?
               | 
               | Who pays my lawyer while the company stretches the case
               | out? Oops - that's still me.
               | 
               | ----
               | 
               | As someone who has actually retained a lawyer for dealing
               | with a previous employer:
               | 
               | 1 - Most places had zero interest if the money at play
               | was less than 100k (ie: They would not take the case
               | unless I had a potential win of 100k or more)
               | 
               | 2 - They charge ~$350 an hour. Sometimes billing for
               | "intern" work at ~$150 an hour instead. I make good money
               | (~200k) and I can afford less than 23 days of lawyer time
               | a year, assuming I spend my _ENTIRE_ yearly income on it.
        
         | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
         | I once did a security review for a site that claimed to only
         | support Chrome. I tried Firefox and used a UA switcher to fake
         | being Chrome, and sure enough, the site didn't work. The page
         | would load, but nothing would interact.
         | 
         | Turns out, their JS minifier was creating code that contained a
         | syntax error. Chrome was able to make it work, but Firefox
         | would silently error out. Rather than try to solve the problem,
         | they blocked any browser that wasn't Chrome.
         | 
         | -_-
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | When IE8 was released:
           | 
           | Me, to <litigious tech company>: "Your JavaScript fails on
           | IE8 because it now throws an exception when it attempts to
           | set an invalid CSS value. I made a tiny patch but do you have
           | an ETA for the fix?"
           | 
           | LTC support: "We don't beta test Microsoft's products for
           | them!"
           | 
           | Me: "Okay, it was released this week. How's testing going?"
           | 
           | [a week passes]
           | 
           | LTC support manager: "Hey, can we get a copy of that patch to
           | give to other customers?"
           | 
           | My employer at the time paid 7 figures annually for support.
        
       | bastardoperator wrote:
       | Stop testing people on memorization and then you don't have to
       | worry about cheating. Allow people to recall data with resources
       | typically available to them in the real world. This is the same
       | issue I have with code/interview challenges that say don't use
       | the internet. I would be a fool to not use the resources readily
       | available to me or at least validate what I think I already know.
        
         | periphrasis wrote:
         | I think this common argument underrates the extent to which
         | core factual mastery informs your ability to perform analysis
         | and to synthesize arguments. For example, if given the exam
         | question "Discuss the role of demagoguery in Athenian
         | democratic politics in the Peloponnesian War." and you need to
         | look up whether the Sicilian Expedition happened before or
         | after the death of Pericles, then you probably don't really
         | understand the role of Athenian political dysfunction during
         | the war either.
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | > Stop testing people on memorization and then you don't have
         | to worry about cheating
         | 
         | I'm not following. If you don't know the material, you have
         | same incentive to cheat.
        
         | sabas123 wrote:
         | It could also help prevent unwanted communication between the
         | students and the outside world (or between themselves).
        
         | metalliqaz wrote:
         | nearly every exam I had at University, as a Computer Engineer,
         | allowed 1 sheet of notes. So they were already not focusing on
         | memorization even 20 years ago.
        
           | kwhitefoot wrote:
           | All of my B.Sc. Applied Physics exams including the finals
           | were open note (anything in your own hand plus any duplicated
           | sheets handed out in lectures). My finals were in 1977,
           | Exeter Uni.
           | 
           | There was no limit on how many notes one brought in to an
           | exam. Some of the weaker students turned up with rucksacks
           | full of ring binders and the invigilators had frequently to
           | admonish them to make less noise rustling the papers! Those
           | students almost all failed or attained only a pass degree.
           | 
           | In my opinion this successfully weeded out those who thought
           | that memorisation was enough. The exams typically never asked
           | anything that could be answered simply by looking up the
           | answer in notes or even the textbook.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | Yes, the sheet of notes means you're not memorizing formulae,
           | but I'm 95% sure the real motivator for professors to allow
           | them is you learn when you put the notes together.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | I just finished up my masters in CS from OMSCS at GT and some
           | of the classes allow a sheet of notes. It's still a thing,
           | even in the days of online education and proctor software.
        
             | pinkman68419 wrote:
             | I graduated that program a few years ago. The best final I
             | had was Intro to HPC, you were allowed to use book, notes,
             | internet, etc. The questions were open-ended and in-depth
             | enough that the average on the test was still around 60-70
             | IIRC. You need a very deep understanding of the material to
             | answer the questions sufficiently.
        
       | badRNG wrote:
       | At least Proctorio (despite suing a college student under DMCA
       | for reversing their software to show the extent of its
       | capabilities [1]) doesn't go to this far a level. It's a browser
       | extension that I can install for an exam, and remove afterward.
       | It gets microphone, screen, and camera inputs, and permissions
       | are handled through the browser.
       | 
       | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26898651
        
       | nobrains wrote:
       | I am looking for an exam proctoring solution at my employer (an
       | accredited online university). What are my best solutions? Any
       | solution can be hacked (i.e. workaround it's limitations). And
       | without proctoring there is no guarantee students will not have
       | someone else attempt the exam on their behalf or send the exam to
       | someone to solve it for them. The only approach I see, but not
       | favored by the Deans, is testing centers (prometric, etc.).
       | 
       | Any suggestions?
        
         | Kaibeezy wrote:
         | https://www.tax.org.uk/onlineexams
        
       | bambax wrote:
       | > _It looks like I can go to one of their regulated test centres
       | and take the exam there._
       | 
       | ProctorU is absolutely, positively insane, but the alternative
       | sounds quite reasonable.
        
       | ajnin wrote:
       | What's the legality of all this? I assume refusing to install
       | ProctorU will fail your exam, so you don't really have a choice,
       | when the process presents you with all kinds of check boxes and
       | consent forms it's mostly doing the motions of informed consent,
       | but at no step do you have a real choice. Surely no sane person
       | would allow this blatant invasion of privacy willingly, this is
       | practically duress.
        
       | bryanrasmussen wrote:
       | is there any non-dystopian spyware?
        
         | idrios wrote:
         | The dystopian part of it is that it's institutionalized.
        
         | datameta wrote:
         | I don't think you're phrasing your idea well. Perhaps you mean
         | that any piece of software that allows surveillance has the
         | propensity to trend toward being misused? It seems to me
         | spyware is a loaded word and has its connotations. What has
         | happened here has been on a massive scale very quickly in a way
         | we have not seen before.
         | 
         | Edit: For example, remote sensors placed in a power plant or
         | foundry where people work also would constitute surveillance.
         | But it is in an environment where carefully calibrated machines
         | can otherwise fail catastrophically.
        
           | bryanrasmussen wrote:
           | I would say if it does not spy all the time it runs it can't
           | be spyware - does Teamviewer spy all the time or can it just
           | be made to spy as a side effect of its main purpose?
        
             | datameta wrote:
             | Teamviewer came to my mind as well but I'm not sure desktop
             | monitoring is quite on the same level as a camera pointed
             | at one's face. Unless teamviewer made some strides in the
             | years I haven't used it..
             | 
             | To add, I suppose what I am really getting at is that it
             | may be more useful to address ProctorU in particular rather
             | than bring it under the same umbrella as other less used
             | surveillance software.
        
           | blueflow wrote:
           | Its a dumb, but critical question. I enjoy the question as it
           | is, as it inspires some good thinking.
           | 
           | For me, it made me realize that the word 'dystopian' in the
           | title adds no facts to anything, its just a judgement. A
           | negative one.
        
         | closeparen wrote:
         | People are pretty enthusiastic about spyware that helps parents
         | control their children.
        
       | goodrubyist wrote:
       | I, for one, love the people who would be proudly installing this
       | because they have "nothing to hide" while chiding those who are
       | (appropriately) concerned.
        
       | robotburrito wrote:
       | A while back I had a remote job interview that required me
       | install spyware on my computer and turn my web cam on so it can
       | record my face while I was doing some computer science puzzle.
       | 
       | It made me not want to work at the company anyway. If they
       | treated me like that during the interview, imagine your day to
       | day.
        
         | xtracto wrote:
         | A friend of mine told me about this Crossover company who
         | screened their remote workers minute by minute, taking photos
         | with their webcam and monitoring their every mouse move and
         | keypress.
         | 
         | Sounds quite depressing if true.
        
       | jellinek wrote:
       | > The whole notion of online proctoring seems pretty whack to me
       | also: what world are we training and testing people to live in?
       | The real world has internet, you can search for stuff, you can
       | work from home and take a break.
       | 
       | I agree! I wish more institutions viewed the world as Stanford's
       | Honor Code does. It predates the Internet by many decades:
       | 
       | > Open-book Requirement: As stated in the Interpretations of the
       | Honor Code, "If take-home examinations are given, they should not
       | be closed-book examinations..." Open-book exams place no
       | limitations on the materials or resources that a student may
       | access during the exam.
       | 
       | https://communitystandards.stanford.edu/resources/faculty-an....
        
       | indymike wrote:
       | Unpopular take: ProctorU is trying to solve an unsolvable
       | problem. The only way they can make it work is by dictating the
       | configuration of the device taking the test, and even then they
       | are going to have lots of technical problems with false positives
       | and incompatible software. This leads to impractical outcomes
       | like, "Oh, just borrow your friend's computer" and unsafe
       | situations like, "oh, just allow us to scan your computer for
       | content we don't like" and so on.
       | 
       | This is the digital equivalent of forcing students to be naked to
       | take a test in person.
        
         | t-writescode wrote:
         | This is my general stance, as well.
         | 
         | Impossible requirements have been placed on at-home exams and
         | proctored testing; and this company stood up.
         | 
         | Are they violating many moral and reasonable privacy codes to
         | do it? Absolutely. It is a huge breech of ethics.
         | 
         | But universities and their professors asked for it.
         | 
         | Plenty of online educators already know how to (edit: lead)
         | classes and give tests without it; but many, too, are either
         | lazy or overburdened and have asked for this.
        
           | indymike wrote:
           | > But universities and their professors asked for it.
           | 
           | It is interesting that institutions that often have
           | "department of ethics" are the first to be OK with awful
           | products like online proctoring software.
        
       | user3939382 wrote:
       | I spent years running a school and am an edtech developer:
       | education needs to (and probably will) evolve to suit the nature
       | of remote learning. We're in this weird phase where we're trying
       | to shoehorn models and constraints from the in-person learning
       | paradigm into remote learning.
        
         | ricardobayes wrote:
         | If this will involve getting rid of closed-book exams, I think
         | the world can only benefit from it.
        
         | chaosite wrote:
         | Sure, and I think it's hard to find someone who is perfectly
         | satisfied with the status quo.
         | 
         | Coming up with a replacement is the hard part.
        
           | david_allison wrote:
           | Prediction: The replacements will come from adult education,
           | not from traditional academia.
        
         | beauzero wrote:
         | My wife has taught for 3 years at an online only state charter
         | school (US). The single most difficult issue to solve (waste of
         | time) is integration between foundation school management
         | software such as Infinite Campus (where grades are kept) and
         | third party learning packages (where assignments come from).
        
           | user3939382 wrote:
           | Funny you mention that. My work is building course content
           | and assessment delivery systems that can be plugged into any
           | LMS. It's the leading (modular) solution to this exact
           | problem.
        
         | devwastaken wrote:
         | I've seen it done successfully at some uni's. Zoom for the
         | lecture, and a far less invasive proctoring tool for the tests.
         | You can even have in person and remote in the same class if the
         | material is made available online.
        
       | miki123211 wrote:
       | The use of Proctorio seems to mostly be a U.S. issue.
       | 
       | I have never seen it used over here (Poland). My friends from
       | other European countries haven't either, at least when I asked
       | them.
       | 
       | I wouldn't be surprised if GDPR prevents them from collecting
       | most of that data. The fact that most colleges here are state-run
       | might also contribute.
        
         | schroeding wrote:
         | Yep, the GDPR saves us here, thank goodness for that.
         | 
         | There are better ways anyway, IMO. At my (german) university,
         | most exams are so personalized (random exercises from a pool in
         | random order, student ids used as const values in calculations,
         | groups A / B / C, etc) that cheating is pretty hard.
        
       | hospadar wrote:
       | The whole notion of online proctoring seems pretty whack to me
       | also: what world are we training and testing people to live in?
       | The real world has internet, you can search for stuff, you can
       | work from home and take a break.
       | 
       | I'm not good at things because I'm always able to magically
       | materialize the right answer out of my mind inside an anechoic
       | faraday chamber, I'm good because I get the right answer in a
       | reasonable amount of time using all the tools available to me
       | (the internet, my brain, books, whatever).
       | 
       | I get that there are a few professions where you're really going
       | to need to know the right answer quickly without looking it up
       | under high-pressure situations, and it seems like testing and
       | certifying doctors and lawyers is important enough to society
       | that we can arrange to proctor those tests in person (and still
       | maintain covid safety, disability/poverty access, etc). That
       | level of extreme proctoring security seems pretty dumb for random
       | exams WHERE school <= undergrad.
       | 
       | If you elaborately cheat your way through all online classes all
       | the way through undergrad, that seems mostly bad for you
        
         | Siira wrote:
         | Doctors and lawyers frequently consult their references.
        
         | kevincox wrote:
         | In my mind (I know nothing about the universities' threat
         | models) the biggest concern is not looking up some reference
         | online, but paying someone for a couple of hours to take the
         | test for you.
         | 
         | I agree, if you can look at available resources and competently
         | perform the task that is likely not an issue in the field.
         | 
         | However paying someone to tell you all the answers to a test is
         | cost effective for an exam that takes a couple of hours but
         | will not get you by in the field. The university doesn't want
         | to be known to give out degrees to incompetent workers so they
         | need to prevent this case.
        
         | advael wrote:
         | Having been through a lot of school and gotten a lot out of it,
         | I am strongly convinced that the current society-wide policy of
         | treating university education as expensive vocational training
         | is a horrible and costly mistake whose main function for the
         | overwhelming majority of students right now is to saddle people
         | with debt. Universities primarily exist to train and employ
         | researchers, and serve a secondary purpose of providing a
         | broad-based education to members of the public. Anything that
         | is useful vocational training in this process is basically an
         | accident, and useful vocational training can be done in a much
         | more time- and cost-efficient way.
         | 
         | I also think the way we test people is set up to be measurable
         | rather than effective, and all this hand-wringing about
         | cheating is an attempt to prop up a premise about pedagogical
         | techniques that simply do not accomplish their goal (and a way
         | to scam universities out of a lot of money for tools like this
         | one). Most of the market for standardized tests is a racket
         | built on market dominance and irrational beliefs about its
         | value built on a (pervasive, policy-level) misunderstanding and
         | subsequent cargo-cult style blind worship of metrics per se
         | 
         | On top of all this, the sheer level of security and privacy
         | violations the school system seems to tolerate for this dubious
         | purpose is ridiculous, and speaks to a deep gap in knowledge
         | about, or devaluation of these things that causes far more
         | problems in our information-driven world than cheating on a
         | dumb test possibly could
         | 
         | I've gotten advanced degrees and consider them to have been
         | overall a valuable experience, but even then most of the
         | education system as we have it was pointless torture, and I
         | probably would have quit school if this nonsense were around
         | when I was in it
        
           | 0x4d464d48 wrote:
           | "... I am strongly convinced that the current society-wide
           | policy of treating university education as expensive
           | vocational training is a horrible and costly mistake whose
           | main function for the overwhelming majority of students right
           | now is to saddle people with debt."
           | 
           | This is not said often enough and it is a shame.
           | 
           | Universities are not intended to be vocational schools.
           | They're research institutions where the value they generate
           | is the knowledge they discover. Often frivilous and arcane
           | with no real use outside of a very specialized subsection of
           | a field of study. But it's also often knowledge that no one
           | has practical use for at the time if discovery but windes up
           | changing the world sometimes much later on.
           | 
           | E.g. https://math.berkeley.edu/~gmelvin/math54f12/math110su12
           | _gra...
           | 
           | I don't think there's much more to add than Turchin's ideas
           | of "overproduction of the elites" and it rubs me the wrong
           | way when I hear intelligent people gripe about how university
           | credentials and research have marginal vocational utility.
           | The problem's with a culture that celebrates credentialism
           | and elitism that gets people hopeing to avoid an impovershed
           | future into crippling debt, not scholarship.
        
           | romwell wrote:
           | As a former educator, the only thing I can add on top of this
           | is that training compliance, obedience, and mindless rule-
           | following is a feature, not a bug of the education system.
           | 
           | And I feel like it's drilled into instructors too.
        
             | advael wrote:
             | I strongly agree. I think this has been the case for all
             | versions of the public education system in living memory,
             | and the main ways this has changed over the last few
             | decades are twofold:
             | 
             | -More oversight and efficiency in this process is breaking
             | down the unofficial means through which anyone got anything
             | else out of it (e.g. real mentorship from educators who
             | care that is not encouraged so much as tolerated by
             | education policy, opportunities to engage with new ideas in
             | a meaningful way, good reading recommendations, an
             | incidental avenue into a social life)
             | 
             | -The structure and function of public education is
             | increasingly infecting university curricula, structure, and
             | priorities
             | 
             | I think this likely has the effect in broader society of
             | creating less fluid competency and more blank-faced
             | compliance, and this disproportionately affects people in
             | key leadership roles as schooling becomes more of a
             | selection pressure on people's career paths
        
         | ravitation wrote:
         | It's somewhat amusing to see someone write a lengthy rant
         | against testing because memorizing information is archaic, when
         | the ability to write, at least at the start, is learned this
         | way.
         | 
         | The most obvious example why you're wrong is learning a second
         | language. Even learning a language outside of a classroom
         | generally requires memorization of fundamental vocabulary (and
         | sometimes a writing system); it therefore makes sense that a
         | class teaching a second language would test students on this
         | memorization.
         | 
         | Now, other fields might not be so obvious, but they require
         | many things to be quickly accessible, much in the same way that
         | one might need quick access to a word or a character with a
         | second language. A biologist needs to know and understand the
         | central dogma, an engineer needs to understand mechanical
         | stress, and a chemist needs to be able to read a structural
         | formula; they need to be able to do these things essentially
         | instantly (and understand them intuitively) to be able to even
         | discuss more complex topics, because complex information builds
         | on simple information. Hence it makes sense to make sure those
         | pieces of information are understood and readily available
         | before sending a student off to a more advanced topic.
        
           | TomSwirly wrote:
           | > t's somewhat amusing to see someone write a lengthy rant
           | against testing because memorizing information is archaic,
           | when the ability to write, at least at the start, is learned
           | this way.
           | 
           | Writing is a skill. It is NOT memorization. It is not taught
           | or learned that way, even at the beginning, unless you are
           | talking about handwriting.
           | 
           | No one says, "Memorize this phrase, and now write it out
           | again."
        
             | sophacles wrote:
             | > No one says, "Memorize this phrase, and now write it out
             | again."
             | 
             | No they say "Write this word 10 times to memorize it" then
             | give spelling tests.
        
             | lmkg wrote:
             | Not everything _IS_ memorization, but lots of things _HAVE_
             | memorization. You don 't write by regurgitating exact
             | phrases, but your ability to write will be significantly
             | impeded if you need to constantly look up word definitions,
             | spellings, word order, syntax rules, and orthographies.
             | There are certain fundamentals that need to be automatic,
             | and it's fair to require internalization as part of
             | acquiring mastery.
        
             | ravitation wrote:
             | I mean you are just wrong. You memorize what sound (well
             | sounds) the letter "a" makes, which is of course
             | fundamental to being able to write because English uses an
             | alphabet. You might argue that reading isn't writing, but
             | the two are interdependent (or at least writing generally
             | dependent on reading).
             | 
             | Not to mention memorizing how to physically write (i.e.
             | what you're talking about with handwriting)...
             | 
             | I assume you think I mean composition or something, which
             | is of course extremely obviously not what I meant... But to
             | develop that skill of "writing" that you're talking about
             | requires memorization of the fundamentals... Which applies
             | quite broadly to other disciplines...
        
               | arpa wrote:
               | It's not memorization, it's pattern recognition that
               | really counts. What sound "a" mkes is irrelevnt if you're
               | recognizing the relevnt pttern. So it's you who's in the
               | wrong.
        
               | ravitation wrote:
               | You cannot reasonably intuit the sounds that letters
               | make, or the meaning of combinations of letters without
               | some underlying phonetic information. Your ability to
               | recognize those patterns is built upon learning the
               | meaning of words and letters as I described (not to
               | mention whether what you're doing is pattern recognition
               | or pattern memorization).
               | 
               | You are just wrong in every possible way.
        
         | robbyking wrote:
         | Absolutely. I work at a well known tech company, and when we
         | give potential candidates coding tests we give them the option
         | to code in any language they'd like (including pseudo-code),
         | and to use Google if they can't remember the name or syntax of
         | something they want to use.
         | 
         | There's not reason to fail a candidate just because they can't
         | remember the signature of a method in a library they haven't
         | used in a while.
        
         | filmgirlcw wrote:
         | I largely agree with this. There _are_ some careers --
         | firefighting is one of them -- where it is downright dangerous
         | for the person to have a reliance on technology (technology can
         | help firefighters but the battalion chief still needs to know
         | the entry /exit points on a structure to direct crews, the
         | drivers need to *know* the city they are in, backwards and
         | forwards to get to the site quickly (they cannot rely on Google
         | Maps)), but I'm not sure how many of those careers (air traffic
         | control would be another) would have remote-proctored exams
         | anyway.
         | 
         | Having said that, I _do_ think that many of us have become too
         | conditioned to having access to Google /the internet/the
         | ability to always look stuff up, that it does become a problem
         | (I am utterly incapable of getting around the city I live in
         | without Google Maps, as an example), and that, I think is a
         | negative for humanity. Having access to information and
         | reference is great, but never taking the time to actually
         | learn/memorize/understand concepts and content so that you feel
         | confident doing something without checking the answer is still
         | really important in lots of roles. There should be a balance.
         | 
         | But none of this excuses the malware/spyware that ProctorU and
         | other systems employ. Frankly, people who are that committed to
         | cheating will cheat anyway.
         | 
         | I've heard of similarly dystopic sorts of bullshit even when it
         | comes to remote job interviews, often (but not limited to) code
         | tests. I cannot imagine any job that would be worth me
         | installing spyware/malware on my personal machine for the
         | interview. Even for a university exam, I would push back hard
         | on this sort of thing (or at least the onerous requirements and
         | access it has) or demand the school issue testing laptops or at
         | the very least re-think how/why they proctor exams the way they
         | do. Individually, students don't have a lot of leverage, but if
         | enough people complain -- especially in high dollar degree
         | programs like a MSc -- universities will rethink their behavior
         | -- or at the very least, force the software firms they pay
         | millions of dollars to to support a fucking Chromebook.
        
           | halostatue wrote:
           | Firefighting is actually a really awful example. The
           | practices involved require in-person practica, and there are
           | stages of growth expected.
           | 
           | Additionally, for any structure of sufficient complexity, the
           | "lead" firefighter will _absolutely_ be requesting and
           | receiving building plans to direct the firefighters to the
           | appropriate locations. Also, like London taxi drivers, fire
           | truck drivers probably have to train on the streets they are
           | protecting. (That said, I do recall stories of firefighters
           | getting lost due to bad GPS directions.)
        
             | filmgirlcw wrote:
             | That's exactly what I said. I said firefighting is an area
             | where you cannot rely on just googling something. You need
             | to know the information, period. I wasn't talking about in-
             | person or online tests, I was responding to OP who said
             | that that style of testing where you can't have access to
             | materials is incongruous with how most things work.
             | 
             | Quoting myself:
             | 
             | > but I'm not sure how many of those careers (air traffic
             | control would be another) would have remote-proctored exams
             | anyway.
        
         | 908B64B197 wrote:
         | > and it seems like testing and certifying doctors and lawyers
         | is important enough to society
         | 
         | Lawyers spend most of their (billable) time researching. And
         | the great majority of lawyers never see a court room. No quick
         | reaction time needed.
         | 
         | Doctors... The average doctor follows a script to triage the
         | easy 80% of problems. And the average doctor stops at that.
        
         | jdavis703 wrote:
         | I don't want my emergency room doctor looking up a fairly
         | common disease on the internet. And I ding interview candidates
         | who have to look up basic syntax like a for loop (I have no
         | problem if they need to reference random APIs or advanced
         | syntax though).
         | 
         | Being fluent in your professional vernacular is very important
         | for productivity. And a closed test is the best, scalable way
         | we have to test this.
        
           | sgustard wrote:
           | I've been coding for 30 years and I still have to look up
           | syntax for case/switch statements. You ding me?
        
             | bruce343434 wrote:
             | I'm sorry, but what?
        
               | filoleg wrote:
               | They have been coding for quite a while and are saying
               | that they still look up the syntax for case/switch
               | statements, because they cannot remember it off the top
               | of their head. I am in the exact same boat, except with
               | about a third of their experience coding.
        
             | xerox13ster wrote:
             | Seriously, that's just not super valuable information to
             | have stored in your mind like that.
             | 
             | Sure I could, it'd be fine, but why store the entire syntax
             | structure in my mind rather than a pointer to the location
             | where I can find it in its most updated form?
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | lostlogin wrote:
           | > I don't want my emergency room doctor looking up a fairly
           | common disease on the internet.
           | 
           | That ship sailed a long time ago.
        
           | JasonFruit wrote:
           | You won't succeed on any advanced test, with or without
           | reference materials, if you haven't mastered the underlying
           | basics. There would be too much to look up. You can't
           | simplify fractions in a reasonable time if you need to look
           | up everything in a multiplication table, for example, and
           | it's true for everything that builds on that. It's the same
           | for any topic: there comes a point where you can't succeed on
           | Google alone.
        
             | number6 wrote:
             | You can Look up Mathematical induction but if it's the
             | first time to solve one in the exam you won't succeed.
        
           | ehnto wrote:
           | Shoot, some syntaxes haven't even been around long enough to
           | have a for-loop documentation page hit the front page of a
           | google search of "{language} for loop". As an agency
           | developer I've got like 6+ languages/markup syntax knowledge
           | required of me any given year, they just keep making new ones
           | and I have to keep learning them.
           | 
           | My current requirements, just this month, are:
           | * Python       * PHP       * Javascript       * React and Vue
           | * TypeScript (but not in every JS project!)       * Blade
           | templating       * Liquid templating       * Whatever Algolia
           | uses for it's inline templating       * Bash       * C#
           | (games!)
           | 
           | And if you want you could throw in arbitrary configuration
           | syntaxes for all the infrastructure as code insanity that
           | comes with it all, some of those have loops.
        
             | jdavis703 wrote:
             | Sure, but why is someone asking you to use Algolia
             | templates in an interview?
        
               | ehnto wrote:
               | It was just to illustrate how much arbitrary knowledge is
               | required in modern stacks. We could be talking about
               | totally different industries though, perhaps you're
               | hiring senior C developers and it'd be weird if they
               | didn't know the syntax yet.
               | 
               | For apps and web development, I wouldn't fuss too much
               | about specific language syntaxes since if I were to cull
               | my applicants based on language experience I'd be
               | throwing away plenty of talented developers. I'd hire a
               | talented Python developer for a job writing JS for
               | example, if they're applying then they're willing to
               | learn it.
        
               | jdavis703 wrote:
               | Fair enough. In my interviews I tell candidates to code
               | in the language they're most familiar with. Hopefully
               | someone has memorized a for loop in their go to language.
        
               | ehnto wrote:
               | Aha, that's a pretty fair approach then.
        
           | anaphor wrote:
           | Doctors google rare disease symptoms sometimes, however, and
           | it's seen as a legitimate thing to try if you're truly
           | stumped by a mysterious illness.
        
             | jdavis703 wrote:
             | And just as often they don't. I went to the ER for a
             | seizure, and basically after paying $5,000 the advice I got
             | was "well that drug has seizures as a side effect, so
             | stopping take it and find a new one." Absolutely no
             | investigation in to why this happened, if there's a class
             | of drugs I should avoid, nothing.
        
               | jerf wrote:
               | The business world has a jargon term, "solutions
               | provider". The idea is that they strive to not just
               | provide you a tool, but to fully solve your problem, to
               | make it entirely go away. It's often just a buzzword, but
               | like most buzzwords, there's a kernel of useful truth in
               | the middle of it.
               | 
               | The medical industry is not a solutions provider. You
               | should view them as a useful tool, but one that still
               | leaves you with the responsibility to utilize the useful
               | tool to solve your problems.
               | 
               | I am not making a normative claim here; I'm making a
               | descriptive one. The medical system is an incredible
               | toolset, but you need to be ready to assemble it into a
               | solution. Maybe it _should_ be a solutions provider.
               | Maybe it 's really discriminatory against the people who
               | won't or can't operate this way. No argument. But it
               | observably isn't a solutions provider today, whatever
               | "should" be.
               | 
               | In this particular case, if you care you should have
               | scheduled a followup with a different doctor. ER doctors
               | don't do that sort of analysis.
        
               | crygin wrote:
               | Huh, sounds like you might have been better off if
               | "[your] emergency room doctor [looked it up] on the
               | internet".
        
               | jdavis703 wrote:
               | Well I can't find any information on the general internet
               | about this, beyond what the doctor said. One would most
               | likely have to synthesize several different areas of
               | knowledge to come up with a plausible hypothesis.
        
             | bmj wrote:
             | And in the days before the internet, they likely had a
             | bookshelf full of reference manuals.
             | 
             | True story: when I became a programmer in the 1990s, I used
             | to buy the printed manuals for the Java APIs as they were
             | released. At one of my first interviews (for a Perl job), I
             | was given the Camel Book as reference for the (handwritten)
             | programming test.
        
           | mavhc wrote:
           | I assume the doctor is having all your symptoms recorded, are
           | you against that being automatically put into an expert
           | system to list possible diseases? One that knows the failure
           | rates of tests so can give more accurate chances of having X
           | Y but not Z is actually something that has X Y and Z, but the
           | Z test is only 90% accurate?
           | 
           | By scalable you mean cheap.
           | 
           | An actual test would be: design a whole system/experiment to
           | do a thing, in 3 hours.
           | 
           | Can't look up basic things, you'll be too slow.
           | 
           | But then it can't be auto marked, so isn't cheap.
           | 
           | Exams: The very last time in your life you won't have
           | internet access.
        
           | YetAnotherNick wrote:
           | Then you can test on time. If it is expected to remember the
           | term without internet give them few second after showing the
           | question. Remembering the answer in 30 seconds is not better
           | than being able to google it.
        
         | 5faulker wrote:
         | It's mostly bad because it'd be you cheating yourself I guess.
        
         | SavantIdiot wrote:
         | I don't think that is an effective life strategy because you
         | actually solve problems more slowly if you have less knowledge.
         | If you've learned skills and committed things to memory, your
         | brain can synthesize information much more rapidly. If you have
         | to google everything, its like running your 2.5GHz PC at 10
         | MHz, and it is highly unlikely your brain will produce new
         | information on the spot.
         | 
         | Edited for snark removal.
        
           | grishka wrote:
           | For me personally, I just can't memorize stuff on demand like
           | exams expect people to. My brain refuses to do that, period.
           | But when I do use some information often and many times, I
           | somehow end up memorizing it eventually. APIs, phone numbers,
           | addresses and routes, even people's faces.
        
             | SavantIdiot wrote:
             | > I just can't memorize stuff on demand like exams expect
             | people to.
             | 
             | Unless things have changed in the 30+ years since I was in
             | college, I seem to recall exams happen after weeks of study
             | and not "on demand". Part of learning is memorization.
             | There's no way around that. It sounds more like you aren't
             | cut out for the pace of high-caliber institutions which
             | move very quickly. I have two friends with literature
             | degrees, one from UCONN and one from Dartmouth. The
             | Dartmouth friend had to read 4x the number of books than
             | the UCONN friend in the same period of time for the same
             | degree. C-students still need jobs! Just because you aren't
             | a straight-A doesn't mean you can't still be a serviceable
             | employee.
        
           | pfortuny wrote:
           | Following your lead:
           | 
           | Thinking is not "answering questions".
           | 
           | In order to build a mental model of a problem, you need a
           | _rather good_ model of the environment _in your mind_ , and
           | this comes from memory and the habit of thinking (which is
           | what drill exercises facilitate).
           | 
           | Rote learning is an essential tool in being able to create
           | adequate models of the environment.
           | 
           | The problem is lots of people think it is useless because "I
           | did not need to memorize", when the issue is that "they are
           | sufficiently able to memorize that they do it unconsciously".
           | But most people need to put the effort.
        
         | pfortuny wrote:
         | Life is an open-answer problem, not a sequence of questions, so
         | the "answer" is neither unique nor necessarily easily
         | expressible as a sequence of statements.
         | 
         | Memory is useful because it is the very basis of _reasoning_.
         | Rote learning is important because intellectual _habits_
         | facilitate thinking.
         | 
         | Google has not all the answers, but especially: it does not
         | have any questions.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ModernMech wrote:
         | I took the approach of just letting my students have unfettered
         | access to the internet during the pandemic, even for exams. You
         | may think this would lead to everyone getting an A, but it
         | turns out the grades were normally distributed with a B-
         | average, which was pretty typical for my courses per-pandemic.
         | 
         | What I did was ask them to write real code. It's a course on
         | programming. If you can get the computer to accomplish the
         | given task in whatever way you know, including gluing together
         | parts and libraries from online, then that's a demonstration
         | other learned something!
         | 
         | And as it turns out, C and D quality work is still submitted
         | even when students have all the time and resources in the
         | world. The internet is not a magic wand to solve all problems
         | for you. For example, my final project is to write a file
         | server. Yeah you can find tutorials for how to do this on the
         | internet, but it's still going to have to be customized to use
         | my specific protocol. For someone who knows what they are
         | doing, they can do this assignment in 10 minutes leveraging the
         | right tools. For others, they might write it from scratch as we
         | discussed in class. Others still will barely get past writing a
         | makefile, even with step by step instructions and examples on
         | how to do it. So in the end the grades worked out as they
         | usually do, distributed normally with a B- average, and about
         | half a letter grade stdev. That's just the way it is.
         | 
         | So this fear that access to the internet will lead to rampant
         | cheating is only relevant if the questions are easily gamed:
         | like definitions, facts, and contrived math problems. Well it
         | turns out this is like 90% of prepared materials for the low
         | level intro classes.
         | 
         | I mean, if you can get through a number of semesters of college
         | by looking up answers on Google, the problem is not with
         | Google, it's with the curriculum. Because what value are these
         | courses really adding if they are just cramming facts into your
         | brain and then you regurgitate them, and promptly forget?
         | 
         | Take chemistry for example. All of chemistry should be in a
         | laboratory setting. All of it. It's a perfect hands on
         | discipline, yet the standard sequence is just year after year
         | of memorizing facts and definitions with very little comparable
         | lab time.
         | 
         | And I get why this isn't done, it's probably not practical and
         | there does need to be an acquisition of fundamental knowledge,
         | but that isn't really done by going through prepackaged web
         | content (that can't be resold) with all the answers available
         | on Chegg, as is the case for a great many 100 and 200 level
         | courses in all major disciplines at most universities.
        
           | ravitation wrote:
           | >Take chemistry for example. All of chemistry should be in a
           | laboratory setting. All of it. It's a perfect hands on
           | discipline, yet the standard sequence is just year after year
           | of memorizing facts and definitions with very little
           | comparable lab time.
           | 
           | I mean this is just... Incorrect. High school chemistry
           | (generally the first time it's called chemistry and not
           | science) is often taught in a lab (I assume mainly a function
           | of whether lab facilities are available). Undergraduate
           | general chemistry and organic chemistry generally have a
           | required lab component that is required to be taken
           | concurrently (this is even true at community colleges). Using
           | general chemistry as an example, the lab portion is usually 1
           | three hour (at least) class per week, while lecture is 3 one
           | hour classes per week (organic chemistry is essentially the
           | same). More advanced chemistry might not have lab components
           | (e.g. physical chemistry), but the foundations are almost
           | always at least combined with a lab.
        
             | ModernMech wrote:
             | I mean all of it, even all the way down to the math
             | requirements. I envision a chemistry degree with zero sage-
             | on-the-stage, or maybe in this case, sage-in-the-page style
             | content delivery.
        
               | ravitation wrote:
               | Ok... I was responding more specifically to...
               | 
               | >the standard sequence is just year after year of
               | memorizing facts and definitions with very little
               | comparable lab time
               | 
               | And I compared the lab and lecture time... and they are
               | very similar (essentially equal)...
               | 
               | I didn't choose to respond to your overall ideas about a
               | chemistry degree because that would require convincing
               | you that there is quite a bit of fundamental information
               | needed to make those labs useful (and efficient) and
               | there was already a great misunderstanding regarding the
               | amount of time chemistry students spend in the lab.
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | > that would require convincing you that there is quite a
               | bit of fundamental information needed to make those labs
               | useful
               | 
               | Well you don't need to convince me of that since I admit
               | as much in my original post!
               | 
               | > and there was already a great misunderstanding
               | regarding the amount of time chemistry students spend in
               | the lab.
               | 
               | I can only speak to my experience advising dual CS and
               | Chemistry majors. The ratio of lab to class hours for
               | them is 1:2, and worse when you add electives. So that's
               | the basis for my statement. YMMV.
        
               | ravitation wrote:
               | >Well you don't need to convince me of that since I admit
               | as much in my original post!
               | 
               | Ok, I guess in your degree program the only difference is
               | that you sit around in a lab instead of a lecture hall
               | learning those fundamental things then? Because I'm not
               | referring to some trivial amount of fundamental
               | information... I'm referring to, roughly, the amount of
               | information covered in 3 one hour lectures a week.
               | 
               | > I can only speak to my experience advising dual CS and
               | Chemistry majors. The ratio of lab to class hours for
               | them is 1:2, and worse when you add electives. So that's
               | the basis for my statement. YMMV.
               | 
               | Ok, I'm citing directly from my university's course
               | catalog (and also the courses I took at several
               | universities) so YMMV.
        
         | imilk wrote:
         | > I get that there are a few professions where you're really
         | going to need to know the right answer quickly without looking
         | it up under high-pressure situations
         | 
         | I agree with the premise, but I think you're downplaying this
         | quite a bit. Pretty much any job that you're not doing
         | asynchronous work in front of a computer would apply here.
         | 
         | > If you elaborately cheat your way through all online classes
         | all the way through undergrad, that seems mostly bad for you
         | 
         | Well it's more than bad for just you. It's bad for the
         | university and everyone else with a degree from there since you
         | are degrading the value of having that degree.
        
           | julienb_sea wrote:
           | I completely disagree. Knowledge recollection of school
           | taught concepts is irrelevant to practically every job. Yes,
           | most jobs require you to remember various work-related
           | things, but those are not taught in school, they are taught
           | and reinforced on the job itself.
        
             | imilk wrote:
             | What this tells me is that you may not have gotten the most
             | out of your education. Sure there are specific tasks that
             | you learn how to complete for particular jobs, but the
             | structure of how you approach problems should have been
             | helped quite a bit by what you learn in school.
             | 
             | Personally I found studying philosophy extremely helpful to
             | solving business problems. Not because there is an exact 1
             | for 1 concept match. Rather it teaches you how to frame and
             | break down problems so that you can be more adaptable and
             | efficient when faced with various unknowns.
             | 
             | There's always going to be domain specific learning needed
             | for any position. But to dismiss any tangential knowledge
             | as useless is extremely short sided.
        
               | rembicilious wrote:
               | You said "studying philosophy" rather than "being tested
               | on rote memorization of philosophy text books".
               | 
               | I agree that "studying philosophy" is a worthwhile
               | endeavor, but I align more closely with the parents in
               | regards to memorizing the semi-random litany of data bits
               | that show up in a typical exam. The information is
               | ultimately forgotten and is usually only relevant in the
               | context of the current textbook chapter. Nearly every
               | useful concept that applies to my two separate careers
               | was learned on the job. The time spent in the classroom
               | is nearly irrelevant and could have been replaced
               | entirely by several weeks on the job.
        
               | imilk wrote:
               | I just gave an personal example to flesh out my post. But
               | if, for example, you are a structural engineer who has to
               | consult on site with clients, you certainly need to
               | recall a litany of data/concepts (random or non-random)
               | pretty quickly if you don't want to look like an idiot.
               | You cannot learn this knowledge from a few weeks on the
               | job because the client would be able to see through your
               | bullshit in minutes.
               | 
               | This applies to pretty much any position that needs to
               | communicate in real time about a base of knowledge
               | (doctors, lawyers, logistics, any type of management
               | position). If you believe that any career can be
               | substituted by "a few weeks on the job", you're not
               | really aiming that high for yourself.
        
           | maerF0x0 wrote:
           | I'm curious about the proportion of careers which are not
           | adaptable to asynchronous/remote work, that _is_ best tested
           | through rote memorization (think multiple choice questions)
           | versus active demonstration (think like having an instructor
           | see you do CPR on a dummy)?
           | 
           | Just a thought about how it's weird we argue about how
           | testing should be done online, but not the fact we test
           | online things which are not really online in their nature.
        
             | imilk wrote:
             | Pretty much anything that requires real time communication
             | involving a deep base of knowledge. I'm not going to list
             | out hundreds of possible roles that this encompasses - but
             | I'm sure you have the imagination to think of a few.
        
           | tomphoolery wrote:
           | Conan O'Brien went to Harvard, so we've already degraded the
           | value of having a degree in general.
        
             | imilk wrote:
             | He seems to have had a very successful career doing
             | something that he enjoys. I don't really understand your
             | point.
        
             | aspenmayer wrote:
             | I think Conan would like this joke. Sounds like one Andy
             | would make at his expense back in the day.
        
           | vlunkr wrote:
           | > Pretty much any job that you're not doing asynchronous work
           | in front of a computer would apply here.
           | 
           | It's lame to ask for examples, but do you have any? Because
           | honestly I don't think it applies to many jobs, unless it's
           | something that a) puts you in high pressure situations, and
           | b) requires specific in-depth knowledge. There aren't that
           | many jobs like that, and for the ones that do exist (medical,
           | military), you don't get in just by doing a bunch of multiple
           | choice tests.
        
             | lostlogin wrote:
             | I'd argue that a lot of jobs have time that is stressful,
             | high pressure and requires one to have the knowledge
             | immediately.
             | 
             | A truck driver, a crane operator, a musician, a teacher, a
             | chef.
             | 
             | Danger doesn't have to be physical. Embarrassment,
             | potential failure etc are all reasons to need to know
             | something without looking it up.
        
               | halostatue wrote:
               | None of these can be tested by an online-proctored test
               | necessitating the installation of a rootkit.
               | 
               | The first two have specific government licensing
               | requirements that require in-person examinations in use
               | of the equipment in question.
               | 
               | The third has no need of any sort of proctored test.
               | 
               | The fourth _may_ need some sort of proctored test, but
               | most teaching licences require in-person or otherwise
               | monitored practica--and those are far more viable than
               | anything proctored. Teachers should _often_ be ready to
               | turn to books, depending on what it is they are teaching.
               | 
               | The fifth also doesn't need a proctored test, and the
               | type of immediate no-book knowledge required when
               | preparing something is something that isn't readily
               | memorizable, but is instead only something that is
               | achievable via long experience. Most chefs work from
               | recipes and plans.
               | 
               | I don't think that any of the examples you have given fit
               | the mold.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | I think you are underestimating the amount of regulation
               | and qualification that is required for various roles.
               | Health and safety, code compliance and best practice are
               | tested and assessed for a vast number of professions
               | where I am. Certainly teaching, driving, food safety,
               | building etc. I struggle to think of a profession or
               | trade that has no testing or legal requirement for
               | standards (and associated proof of compliance). Many
               | companies require online training to get their own
               | policies across.
               | 
               | Probably a key detail - I'm in New Zealand, and Health
               | and safety is taken increasingly seriously. Company
               | directors face stiff fines/imprisonment for H&S failures
               | and while things have a long way to go, they have also
               | come a long way in a short time.
        
             | xtracto wrote:
             | When I visit a restaurant, I sometimes ask the waiter
             | whether he knows if certain dish contains dairy. There are
             | usually three answers:                   Bad waiters would
             | just have no clue and won't know what to do.
             | Mediocre waiters would offer to go to the kitchen and ask
             | about it         Great waiters will tell me yes or no, will
             | offer me to cook it with X instead of Y, or give me one of
             | the other options in the menu (they already know by heart)
             | that do not contain dairy
        
               | jackson1442 wrote:
               | I'm glad I paid $40k to learn to be a great waiter.
        
               | vlunkr wrote:
               | I guess I should add "high stakes" to my list of
               | requirements.
        
             | profile53 wrote:
             | > for the ones that do exist (medical, military), you don't
             | get in just by doing a bunch of multiple choice tests
             | 
             | As someone in the medical field, I would say upwards of 80%
             | of the graded portion of a nursing license and it's
             | certifications (trauma nursing, cardiac life support, etc),
             | you're graded entirely on multiple choice questions. People
             | die from mistakes, yet I meet a lot of people who proudly
             | admit to having cheated or googled their way through a much
             | of their studies. Some of them are good and quite a few are
             | downright dangerous at their jobs.
        
               | 908B64B197 wrote:
               | > I would say upwards of 80% of the graded portion of a
               | nursing license and it's certifications (trauma nursing,
               | cardiac life support, etc), you're graded entirely on
               | multiple choice questions.
               | 
               | A lot of places won't let you take the exam without
               | practical experience, under the supervision of clinical
               | personnel. Harder to google your way through that.
        
               | profile53 wrote:
               | I can't speak to the certification exams, but for nursing
               | school, there is a high pressure from administration to
               | pass students as long as they can pass the standardized
               | test, even if the teachers don't think the student is
               | ready or safe for clinical work. So, although they do
               | have practical experience, it is often limited in scope
               | and students can fake their way through it to a
               | surprisingly large extent (they're always paired with a
               | licensed staff member). This is anecdotal, but consistent
               | across what has been told to me by staff members of
               | several nursing schools.
        
             | space_fountain wrote:
             | My suspicion is that for almost everything constantly
             | having to google will be a problem. Maybe a timed harder
             | test is the right way to filter that out and find the
             | people with enough knowledge, but that's harder to get the
             | balance right
        
               | imilk wrote:
               | And then you reach a point where you don't even know what
               | you need to Google to solve a problem. I can't believe
               | some people are under the impression that being
               | successful at your job is only a matter of translating
               | requests through the Google machine and spitting out
               | answers. It tells me that they have not faced complex
               | problems before.
        
       | jmnicolas wrote:
       | A good designed test shouldn't depend on rote memorization, so it
       | would require much less intrusive spying.
       | 
       | Example: design a database schema for a grocery store with such
       | and such requirements... you either know or don't know how to do
       | it but you won't find the answer on the web.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | gzer0 wrote:
       | Dartmouth medical school accused 17 students of cheating; they
       | found over half of the accused students was due to erroneously
       | generated data.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/09/technology/dartmouth-
       | geis...
        
         | babypuncher wrote:
         | I think I would rather let a dozen cheaters "get away with it"
         | than let even one innocent person have their academic career
         | damaged by a false positive.
        
       | cwdegidio wrote:
       | They also are terrible at how they treat your local machine. I
       | had to use them for a course I was in. I was having issues
       | connecting because they kept insisting I used some Flash based
       | tool. Their proctor started going into various settings on my
       | Mac, clicking rather carelessly and what seemed like at random
       | then declared the platform was unsupported. I immediately said
       | "ok, so now your going to return my machine back to the state
       | that it was in before you started messing around..." They
       | immediately dodged the question and ended the chat. It took 3
       | more attempts to even get the test started and like a week to
       | find all the damage they did to my settings. Terrible company.
        
       | masswerk wrote:
       | Just as a small reminder what universities are all about: The
       | dominant reason for the foundation of the Sorbonne was a surge in
       | heresies. The principal idea was to prepare for the next heresy
       | and being able to respond quickly to challenges yet unknown. The
       | university is essentially about a wager on the future, not about
       | mastering the present.
       | 
       | Which brings us to what a university should be about:
       | 
       | * Understanding principles
       | 
       | * Being able to draw connections from principles to novel ends
       | 
       | * Being able to argue your point
       | 
       | * Being able to discern, whether a point is argued properly or
       | not (according to these rules and the rules of the particular
       | discipline/field)
       | 
       | * Knowing about the current state of the art/ideas and their
       | relation to principles
       | 
       | Nothing of this includes a use case for spyware like this. It
       | actually indicates that the institution does not manage at least
       | one of those aforementioned goals. And it it's an indication for
       | that institution rather answering to those challenges by a strict
       | regime of established procedures, which is exactly what a
       | university is all not about.
        
       | fatcat500 wrote:
       | I would probably buy a ~$200 HP Stream and use that...
       | 
       | Unfair having to spend such money, but textbooks aren't that much
       | more expensive, and you can use it for more than one course too
        
       | abrookins wrote:
       | For the certification program at Redis University
       | (https://university.redis.com/), we previously used ProctorU
       | because that's what other folks were doing -- proctored exams for
       | certification.
       | 
       | Buuut, after a while, we were like, why subject people to this?
       | This is crazy. And why even charge for certs anyway? I'm happy
       | we're done with proctoring!
        
         | scandox wrote:
         | You know I attended The University of Memcached but years later
         | when I asked for a copy of my degree certificate ... well you
         | know the rest.
        
       | LambdaTrain wrote:
       | The fact that a linux security course uses proctoru for exam is
       | the entire sarcastic point.
        
       | wespiser_2018 wrote:
       | I'm another reluctant ProctorU user, and using it thrust upon me
       | if I wanted to complete my online master in CS. It's spyware, and
       | it really is that awful. At least for my tests, it's required
       | that you buy an external camera, and scan the entire room before
       | taking the test, it records you the entire time, and runs in the
       | background (and foreground) with system level privileges. Taking
       | a test this way is very stressful this way, compared to just
       | walking into a building with just a pen and your phone on silent.
       | 
       | Nearly every college student during the pandemic had to use
       | ProctorU in order to complete their classes, or a similar
       | alternative. Quite disturbing the experience is normalized, and I
       | wish there were an official OS level feature for "report all
       | activity on the system from time X to Y", without having to use a
       | sketchy third party app.
       | 
       | I wish the author the best of luck fighting the requirement to
       | use ProctorU.
        
         | Sebb767 wrote:
         | > I wish there were an official OS level feature for "report
         | all activity on the system from time X to Y"
         | 
         | Oh please don't. This type of espionage should be discouraged,
         | not officially supported.
        
           | smoldesu wrote:
           | If you're using MacOS, this API already exists:
           | https://eclecticlight.co/2020/10/27/xprotect-what-do-we-
           | know...
        
           | teawrecks wrote:
           | The thing is, it still wouldn't be enough. Ex. I currently
           | use magisk to tell Google Play and all apps that my phone
           | isn't rooted, allowing me to use app features they would
           | otherwise lock me out of.
        
       | zuminator wrote:
       | As a workaround, someone could buy a new laptop from a major
       | retailer right before the exam, install the software, take the
       | test, uninstall the software, then return the laptop for a
       | refund.
        
       | LegoZombieKing wrote:
       | This is my first comment on this site after lurking for a few
       | years, I thought I would add my personal experience using
       | ProctorU and how weird it feels to willing give up my personal
       | privacy to take a test online.
       | 
       | I go to UOPeople, which is a tuition free online school and I am
       | getting a 4 year computer science degree (for like $5k which is
       | crazy), anyway of the 40 courses you have to take only 11 are
       | proctored. UOP offers 2 choices for proctoring, A) find a real
       | life proctor, or B) use ProctorU. I don't have the luxury of
       | finding a real person + with covid its more unlikely, so ProctorU
       | it is.
       | 
       | All in all its not the worst thing in the world, but when I first
       | read the requirements for the ProctorU testing environment and
       | technical requirements I almost quit school completely to look
       | for alternative paths. Some of the crazy requirements include:
       | Testing space must have nothing on the walls, or floors. You
       | can't wear glasses while taking the exam. Your desk must be clear
       | of everything besides the specific testing materials (calculator
       | if your lucky, and maybe a pencil and paper) Your device needs a
       | webcam, so that they can not only watch you for the entire 1 hour
       | and 30 minutes where you take a test that determines 40% of your
       | grade, but also so that you can show them each wall, floor and
       | under your desk. And thats just the physical space requirements.
       | I had to empty my closet and use my laptop to take this test
       | because their is no way I just have an extra room for testing...
       | 
       | The digital requirements were pretty intense as well, access to
       | folders they had to right too, chrome settings and a whole bunch
       | of wack stuff. I created a dummy account just to take tests.
       | 
       | When you go into the program they have you download it acts like
       | a 1 way mirror, you can hear the proctor(if you are lucky to have
       | a human proctor) and they can watch you, your screen and hear
       | you. I had some tech issues once and I was grateful to have a
       | proctor with a sense of humor who was able to help me through it.
       | I can't say my privacy is worth a cheaper degree, but I hope that
       | this doesn't become normalized, because it is not a pleasant
       | experience.
        
         | consp wrote:
         | > All in all its not the worst thing in the world, but when I
         | first read the requirements for the ProctorU testing
         | environment and technical requirements I almost quit school
         | completely to look for alternative paths. Some of the crazy
         | requirements include: Testing space must have nothing on the
         | walls, or floors. You can't wear glasses while taking the exam.
         | Your desk must be clear of everything besides the specific
         | testing materials (calculator if your lucky, and maybe a pencil
         | and paper) Your device needs a webcam, so that they can not
         | only watch you for the entire 1 hour and 30 minutes where you
         | take a test that determines 40% of your grade, but also so that
         | you can show them each wall, floor and under your desk. And
         | thats just the physical space requirements. I had to empty my
         | closet and use my laptop to take this test because their is no
         | way I just have an extra room for testing...
         | 
         | Talk about security theatrics ... I'd just stick the answers I
         | want on a piece of paper just under the cupboard in reach of
         | your feet or with a tape on the bottom of your desk and get it
         | off when scratching your crotch.
         | 
         | > access to folders they had to right too
         | 
         | Why? They are recording all processes and the screen already.
         | Again just theatrics. And if you can hide it from that they are
         | never going to find it anyway.
        
         | mountainofdeath wrote:
         | Yeah. I had to remove everything from the test taking room
         | including furniture and a desk lamp.
        
         | jjkaczor wrote:
         | >You can't wear glasses while taking the exam
         | 
         | How is that legal? My face would need to be less than 10cm away
         | from the screen. So - there goes using the camera to monitor
         | where I am looking.
        
         | NtGuy25 wrote:
         | I also had an issue with not being able to wear glasses. It was
         | my fourth Sans cert and never had the issue before. The proctor
         | also was sabotaging me by saying I requested "Technical
         | support" 5 times during the exam, each time the timer running
         | and some dude distracting me, despite me telling him I have no
         | tech issues and to let me continue my exam. They would spend 5
         | minutes verifying that I indeed had no issues and then leave...
         | 
         | Very unprofessional, if not illegal due to discrimination and
         | even though it was one of Sans's entry level certs, I barely
         | passed, versus 90 + on all of their advanced ones without these
         | issues.
         | 
         | Their reasoning was "The rules say no facial obstructions, your
         | glasses block your face.". They have to hire the dumbest people
         | to do these proctors.
         | 
         | I've never had any issues with other proctoring services, and
         | things like pearson for Comptia and Microsoft were actually
         | enjoyable. With proctoru each proctor seems to find some issue
         | and you have to argue with them since it's completely
         | unreasonable.
        
         | tristor wrote:
         | > You can't wear glasses while taking the exam.
         | 
         | How is this not massively illegal? This is a clear ADA
         | violation. I cannot see without glasses. Not like, things are a
         | bit blurry, but like I have 20/800 vision that's correctable to
         | 20/20 with glasses. Forcing me to take an exam without glasses
         | is forcing me to fail an exam for a reason that has nothing to
         | do with my academic abilities.
        
           | seanc wrote:
           | Yes, that's shocking. Many, many people are simply incapable
           | of using a computer without glasses.
        
             | coldcode wrote:
             | I can't, why is this even a requirement? Are they worried
             | about a Google Glass like thing?
             | 
             | Actually surprised they don't require you to take the test
             | naked.
        
             | seanc wrote:
             | My guess would be so their algorithm can ID my face. Same
             | reason I can't wear glasses in my passport photo.
        
         | cproctor wrote:
         | Also no eating or drinking during the exam, just because.
        
         | BossingAround wrote:
         | > You can't wear glasses while taking the exam
         | 
         | Don't know what class/proctor you took, but I took several UoP
         | tests with ProctorU and never had issues with glasses.
        
           | cwdegidio wrote:
           | If it's anything like my experience it's luck of the draw on
           | the proctor and their "interpretation" of things. I used the
           | same room and setup for every exam with them. Second to last
           | one, the proctor said my room was 100% unacceptable. I
           | protested and was told that there was no way this very same
           | room ever was considered acceptable. So I moved into a new
           | space and finally moved on to the test. My last exam with
           | them? Used the old room and had no issues.
        
       | bo1024 wrote:
       | I hate proctoring software with a passion and I will never ever
       | ask my students to use it. But I think it's important to
       | understand where the demand for this software is coming from.
       | 
       | In the "old" days, 20 students walked into a room, sat down, and
       | took a test in silence with pencil and paper while the instructor
       | stood there. Now, 350 students go wherever they want, with
       | classmates and many internet-connected devices around them, and
       | take a test unmonitored.
       | 
       | Sure, you tell them the exam can be open-note as long as the work
       | alone, that's easy. But they can work together, and that's hard
       | to detect unless they literally copy.
       | 
       | The #1 problem is Chegg. They can screenshot and post the
       | questions to Chegg and get answers back very quickly. And they
       | do. To add to this, many schools have a large culture of
       | cheating. Like > 10% of students or more will cheat on
       | unproctored take-home tests.
       | 
       | That 10-30% basically ruin exams for everyone, but most of all
       | the instructor. You can't give people relaxed take-home exams,
       | too many will cheat. You have to give a strict time limit. You
       | have to put a ton of effort into making questions obscure or
       | idiosyncratic, rather than just giving standard problems from
       | years past. And remember you have 350 exams to grade, so you
       | can't ask very deep questions.
       | 
       | So I can't get that mad at my colleagues who use proctoring
       | software. I can't really offer a reasonable alternative.
        
       | antisthenes wrote:
       | I was taking a certificate exam earlier this year, and looked
       | into taking it via ProctorU or the old-fashioned way, at a
       | testing center.
       | 
       | After looking at their system requirements and the draconian
       | measures needed to just be able to take my exam (they also
       | require you to have a webcam, which I don't have and to real-time
       | broadcast your private room, where you will be taking the exam,
       | which is a non-starter for me), I realized it would take me
       | longer to set up correctly, than it would take me to drive there,
       | take the test and be back home.
       | 
       | I heard some people say we live in a high trust society, but that
       | trust only seems to be going one way. If I don't trust a
       | corporation, I have no agency or power to act on that. But if
       | they don't trust me, they impose these insane draconian measures
       | without any oversight that preclude me from progressing in life,
       | professionally or otherwise. It's fucking insane.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | dheera wrote:
       | > Linux/Unix operating systems
       | 
       | Well, I guess there's no way for me to use it anyway!
       | 
       | > Virtual Machines
       | 
       | It's my policy that closed source software gets installed in a
       | virtual machine. Others need to abide by my policy if it's
       | running on MY equipment.
        
       | smoldesu wrote:
       | All of these testing suites are absolutely intrusions of privacy.
       | Proctorio had a portion of their EULA where they essentially
       | stated that they will retain _all_ of your information (your test
       | results, your webcam footage, your microphone recording, etc.)
       | for an undisclosed amount of time, and if the Proctorio brand
       | were to ever be purchased by another private entity, that footage
       | would become their property by extension. Pretty unbelievable
       | stuff, being forced to take a test in an environment like that
       | would probably cause me to spiral out into a nervous breakdown
       | after a few minutes.
        
         | labster wrote:
         | Don't read the EULA; just mindlessly click 'Agree' like
         | everybody else. The corporations have already won, so there's
         | no need to give yourself anxiety over it.
        
           | sudosysgen wrote:
           | It's not like you have a choice. If you refuse the EULA you
           | will fail the class.
        
             | phillc73 wrote:
             | Relevant discussion from earlier today: The Magnificent
             | Bribe https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29154178
             | 
             | > Surrender to the power of complex technological systems
             | -- allow them to oversee, track, quantify, guide,
             | manipulate, grade, nudge, and surveil you -- and the system
             | will offer you back an appealing share in its spoils. What
             | is good for the growth of the technological system is
             | presented as also being good for the individual, and as
             | proof of this, here is something new and shiny. Sure, that
             | shiny new thing is keeping tabs on you (and feeding all of
             | that information back to the larger technological system),
             | but it also lets you do things you genuinely could not do
             | before.....The danger, however, was that "once one opts for
             | the system no further choice remains."
        
         | MengerSponge wrote:
         | My favorite moment when my institution was evaluating
         | proctoring software was when a faculty member asked: "What if a
         | student's naked underaged sibling/child walks into frame during
         | the exam? What is your corporate policy on evaluation and
         | retention of child pornography?"
         | 
         | Shockingly, smarmy ed-tech hucksters don't have a good answer
         | to this one.
        
       | diebeforei485 wrote:
       | This sort of thing is why we sometimes need a platform regulator
       | / "App Store".
       | 
       | Customers can't defend themselves against such intrusions of
       | privacy from their school/government.
       | 
       | And employers too. They want you to respond to emails at all
       | hours, and ask for way too much control over your device in
       | exchange. This is slowly being changed with Android work profile
       | and Apple "user enrollments", thankfully.
        
         | chuckee wrote:
         | I sure am glad we have Google and Apple looking out for us,
         | instead of the traditional unions.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | capableweb wrote:
         | I don't really understand your point. ProctorU has apps on both
         | Play Store and App Store, how does Apple and Google save us
         | here? Seems they have no problem hosting software for ProctorU.
        
           | diebeforei485 wrote:
           | What they have on the App Store and Play Store doesn't come
           | close to the invasiveness of their desktop apps.
           | 
           | > Seems they have no problem hosting software for ProctorU.
           | 
           | The restrictions are on what their apps can do, not on who
           | published it.
        
         | aaomidi wrote:
         | Or alternatively basic privacy laws that cover students, etc
         | too.
        
         | acdha wrote:
         | It needs to be a legal requirement with teeth: these tools
         | would never be allowed through the app store approval process
         | but that's not a problem as long as they're allowed to simply
         | say you have to buy a laptop instead.
         | 
         | One alternate way to prevent this would be liability: if the
         | institutions using this had to reimburse all of their users for
         | every security hole in their mandatory software or the risk due
         | to the security settings they require you to disable, it'd
         | complete change the calculation for them.
        
         | Siira wrote:
         | App stores are actually an enabler for this sort of cancer;
         | Apple is already speaking about reporting people to the police,
         | they can obviously add an anti-cheat as well. And there will be
         | no way escaping that.
        
       | Debugreality wrote:
       | It seems to me they should send each student a device for the
       | test with it's own mobile internet so they can use it and turn it
       | off / send it back after.
        
         | Siira wrote:
         | The student can just use an auxiliary device.
        
       | negroni wrote:
       | I had the same issue with ProctorU. Installing Windows on a 64GB
       | USB and booting off that anytime I had to take an exam solved the
       | problem to my satisfaction.
        
         | notreallyserio wrote:
         | I suppose I'm extra paranoid because I have a dedicated (older)
         | computer for courses that require some sort of installed
         | software, including Zoom. I don't want my unmounted hard drives
         | available to the software.
        
           | nisegami wrote:
           | I suppose the alternative would be unplugging them, but your
           | approach works too.
        
         | sjcoles wrote:
         | Still gives access to the EFI firmware. Hard pass.
        
       | IceWreck wrote:
       | Most of these proctoring software easily detect Virtualbox,
       | VMware, etc.
       | 
       | But QEMU/KVM which is the de-facto hypervisor on Linux is harder
       | to detect. Even the others which I mentioned before can be
       | hardened to evade detection.
       | 
       | And if you do a little bit of tinkering and intercept traffic,
       | you can make it so that all the cheating reports from the "AI"
       | never leaves you computer. I've never played with ProctorU but
       | have experimented with a couple of other similar software. They
       | usually send regular reports every five minutes and some anomaly
       | reports (some extra software running on your computer, another
       | person in room, face not visible, etc) when something happens.
       | You need to intercept and modify traffic to not send these
       | anomaly reports. This is easier if its browser based, but you
       | need to install systemwide certs if its install-able software,
       | and a lot more work if they utilize certificate pinning inside
       | binary install-able software. I have never encountered the last
       | one though.
        
         | 10000truths wrote:
         | Most virtual machine detection boils down to checking the CPUID
         | hypervisor bit and vendor string. Luckily, it is possible to
         | configure VMWare, VirtualBox and QEMU to spoof those values in
         | the guest machine.
        
           | eulers_secret wrote:
           | This sent me down the rabbit hole on defeating this... I
           | cannot stand this sort of authoritarian horsesh...
           | 
           | Defeating malware's VM detection is very interesting.
           | 
           | Links for others if they're interested:
           | 
           | https://github.com/a0rtega/pafish collects all the best-known
           | detection methods into a test suite.
           | 
           | This issue is interesting/has links for sure:
           | https://github.com/spender-sandbox/cuckoo-
           | modified/issues/45...
        
         | PenguinCoder wrote:
         | When I had to deal with Proctor-U, the software refused to run
         | under a KVM VM. Detection of anything remotely VM hardware
         | related, made it alert and the proctor refuse to continue.
         | 
         | That's after fighting with the software to have it installed in
         | the VM to begin with.
        
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