[HN Gopher] Dealing with the Evasive Witness
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Dealing with the Evasive Witness
        
       Author : wholeness
       Score  : 132 points
       Date   : 2021-11-05 19:36 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.lawyerminds.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.lawyerminds.com)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Lifelarper wrote:
       | > lawyer
       | 
       | > My friend we....
       | 
       | > lawyer
       | 
       | The police and justice system are never your friend irrespective
       | of innocence, anyone with enough money and no infamy can just
       | walk away, get a lawyer always, the justice system is irrevocably
       | broken, don't fight that.
        
         | GavinMcG wrote:
         | I'm not sure what your comment has to do with the article,
         | which is about depositions in a civil suit.
        
       | cosmojg wrote:
       | All I see is a spinning three-quarter circle.
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | "Unfortunately, the probability exists that a witness may answer
       | these questions with something other than an unqualified "yes".
       | The hedging, evasive answer avoids the truth ..."
       | 
       | Hmm, avoids the truth, or avoids the answer you wanted?
       | 
       | "The witness who "doesn't remember" or "isn't sure" about dates,
       | times, distances, or amounts."
       | 
       | Witnesses are notoriously unreliable. It's possible these are
       | valid, truthful answers.
        
         | jedimastert wrote:
         | Remember that this is geared towards representatives of a
         | corporation, not persons representing themselves. These kinds
         | of answers are almost certainly in a record somewhere.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | I don't see how this changes much. It's very possible they
           | don't have those details recorded, or if they do they still
           | don't _remember_ them. Then they are just reading off of the
           | notes. The credibly that is often given to notes is alarming.
           | Sure, dated notes in combination with memory is good. But if
           | there is no memory to go with them and no validation process,
           | then it 's possible there was a mistake in the notes, yet
           | they treat them as truth.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | More times than I care to admit, I'll have some cryptic
             | comment or action item in my calendar notes and I have to
             | go back to the person I was talking with and ask: "What the
             | hell does this mean?"
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | A record someplace _maybe_. A record that I have? Often not.
           | 
           | Ask me when I first discussed $TOPIC with someone or when I
           | was briefed about $TOPIC or when I talked to a reporter about
           | $TOPIC, I _may_ have a date-stamped note, scrawl in my paper
           | calendar, or an entry in an electronic calendar (assuming I
           | 'm still with the same company). But I may also have a vague
           | recollection which no amount of prodding is going to
           | crystallize or just no memory at all.
        
         | whatshisface wrote:
         | This is written for a lawyer who's on a side, not a curious
         | investigator that's trying to maximize their own knowledge of
         | the truth.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | Exactly. The lawyer/author is presenting themselves in the
           | light of seeking the truth. Maybe they actually believe it
           | themself, but it's not a unbiased view.
           | 
           | "... a curious investigator that's trying to maximize their
           | own knowledge of the truth."
           | 
           | Do we actually have anything like this in the 'justice'
           | system? Lawyers are on sides. Police only investigate to
           | prove guilt, not innocence (most of the time). Judges are
           | basically referees. Juries don't get to investigate, only
           | view what the court allows them to (and society in general
           | has a bias against defendants). In my experience, nobody is
           | interested in the truth.
        
             | hash872 wrote:
             | A number of other developed countries have judges who serve
             | a more inquisitorial role, they're not just neutral
             | referees in the process. Up to you if you think that's
             | better, I'm pretty skeptical of the power of the state so I
             | really don't
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | It would be nice if juries could ask more questions.
               | Generally they are very limited in the ability to ask
               | questions and the scope of the question.
               | 
               | Even in the more inquisitive role, they aren't actually
               | investigating anything - like finding new info or
               | evidence.
        
             | jancsika wrote:
             | > Do we actually have anything like this in the 'justice'
             | system?
             | 
             | Aren't there things like children's advocates in family
             | court? Review boards at every level who check up on
             | accusations against lawyers/judges/etc.?
             | 
             | I'd venture to guess there are dozens of such entities
             | sprinkled throughout the legal system.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I don't know that children advocates are really seeking
               | justice. They are seeking the best outcome for the kids.
               | They also don't do any real investigating or truth
               | seeking.
               | 
               | "Review boards at every level who check up on accusations
               | against lawyers/judges/etc.?"
               | 
               | Do they? Do they actually do anything? I have experiences
               | with these and they were mind blowing if you come in
               | thinking they're about justice. Don't forget, they keep
               | these secret because they want to protect the system,
               | even if it means sending an innocent person to prison (no
               | requirement to turn over exculpatory evidence even if
               | subpoenaed). The Bar won't even investigate misconduct by
               | prosecutors unless the court has already declared that
               | misconduct occurred.
               | 
               | I would really love to hear about one of the dozen or so
               | boards or whatever that could help me right some past
               | wrongs. Because I've gotten nowhere.
        
             | vladf wrote:
             | How would such a thing like this exist in practice? Who
             | would watch this watchman?
             | 
             | When your goal is to "discover truth" as Chief Truth
             | Discoverer of the DOJ the only way to audit you is with
             | grander truth discoery.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I agree, if we are only talking about some official
               | position/office.
               | 
               | You could use things like transparency and metrics
               | released to the public. Right now complaints against the
               | judiciary and many other positions in the system are
               | considered so secret that they wont even release them if
               | the contain exculpatory evidence. The reasoning is that
               | the secrecy is necessary to preserve public trust of the
               | system, and the system itself is more important than any
               | individual's rights or justice. We could evaluate the
               | complaints, wrongful convictions, etc to create better
               | procedures and policies to find the truth.
        
             | elicash wrote:
             | I kinda wonder the opposite -- is this "adversarial"
             | approach towards finding the truth, where you've got people
             | assigned to make the best case for different arguments
             | regardless of your personal feelings about it,
             | underutilized in other arenas?
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | It depends. Maybe I misunderstood you, but you seem to be
               | implying that I am against the adversarial system. I am
               | not.
               | 
               | The adversarial system is supposed to produce the truth
               | in a fair fight. In my opinion, the system does not allow
               | for a fair fight. Usually the party with the most money
               | can win. There is a lot bias that exists as well. The
               | people in the system continue to grant themselves more
               | privileges that those not part of the system.
               | 
               | The system even situates itself to where it costs more to
               | defend ones innocence than to just plead and pay a fine.
               | One cannot say that our system provides truth or justice
               | when it allows this to occur.
        
               | elicash wrote:
               | Not implying anything about you.
               | 
               | I used your comment as a jumping-off point for what I
               | thought was an interesting question about whether this
               | adversarial approach should be extended to other areas.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Ok. I saw the "opposite" part, but didn't see anything
               | that directly argued the opposite of what your comment
               | was saying.
        
       | IgorPartola wrote:
       | > Much wisdom often goes with fewer words." -Sophocles
       | 
       | I love that this quote sits in the middle of the first section of
       | this lengthy article. The section that says to specifically use
       | more questions rather than fewer (some of the questions are for
       | some reason phrased as statements). The section that is followed
       | by an intro that basically defined what an uncooperative witness
       | is at least three times but in more or less the same words. The
       | irony is so strong I don't think I need to take my supplements
       | today.
        
       | rectang wrote:
       | > _The advantage of the "one fact - one question" technique is
       | that when a witness "runs", i.e. they try a long non-responsive
       | narrative; the question can be repeated easily again and again._
       | 
       | "Colonel Jessup, did you order the code red?"
        
       | stickfigure wrote:
       | _Would you agree that one of the standards of safe product design
       | is that the risk of severe injury or death is always
       | unreasonable, and always unacceptable, if it could be prevented
       | or minimized by reasonable safety measures?_
       | 
       | That word _reasonable_ is doing an awful lot of heavy lifting
       | here. Reasonable to whom? Seems like it makes the question almost
       | meaningless.
        
         | kixiQu wrote:
         | I think this is a fundamental difficulty of depositions:
         | "reasonable" has a really clear and precise legal meaning that
         | does answer "to whom" it must be reasonable, but if I, a non-
         | lawyer, don't know that legal meaning, I am _terrified_ of the
         | consequences of getting it wrong.
        
         | antognini wrote:
         | The word "reasonable" does a lot of heavy lifting in the
         | American legal system in general. There is even a meme (sorry
         | for the low quality):
         | https://m.facebook.com/comedianoflaw/photos/a.20394137529581...
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | Lawyers don't give a hoot about the truth, they care about
       | billable minutes and winning their cases, and if that requires
       | bending, twisting or breaking the truth then so be it. If lawyers
       | cared about the truth then there wouldn't be any lawsuits, just
       | mediation and settlements out of court.
        
         | rectang wrote:
         | That's the nature of the adversarial system, and the argument
         | (which I agree with) is that it's better to to avoid the idea
         | that there is only one "truth", or at least to defer winnowing
         | down what constitutes "truth" until _after_ all sides have made
         | the case for their own  "truth".
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | I've seen enough lawsuits up close to know for a fact that
           | the truth _rarely_ comes out during a lawsuit. What does
           | happen is that (1) either party 's lawyer has incomplete
           | understanding of the case, (2) either party runs out of money
           | before the case concludes, (3) either party folds because the
           | other party can afford to endlessly extend the case and (4)
           | either party settles because the cost of the lawsuit exceeds
           | the settlement. I've seen cases won that should have been
           | lost and vice-versa if it depended on the truth.
           | 
           | When you go to court it's _alway_ a crap-shoot, no matter how
           | sure you are of your case going in. This is something people
           | with iron clad faith in the legal system should realize.
           | Courts are at best an amplifier of who has the most money to
           | throw at a particular lawsuit, unless both parties are
           | equally matched _and_ are willing to take it all the way to
           | the highest court the courts are not a fair and level playing
           | field. Rather the opposite.
        
             | rectang wrote:
             | /me _nodding vigorously in agreement_
             | 
             | The question in my mind is what a system would look like
             | where lawyers were legally bound to serve "truth" in some
             | way above and beyond their current ethical obligations. The
             | question immediately arises, who is the arbiter of that
             | "truth"?
             | 
             | What got me on this question was this passage from the
             | root:
             | 
             | > _If lawyers cared about the truth then there wouldn 't be
             | any lawsuits, just mediation and settlements out of court._
             | 
             | But court system rot doesn't begin from the personal moral
             | failings of individual lawyers (except insofar as they
             | choose to participate). The _litigants_ -- primarily
             | powerful commercial entities -- create an inexorable demand
             | for an unlevel playing field.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Agree that the litigants are a huge part of the problem,
               | but an ethical lawyer would refuse to take an un-ethical
               | case. But the reverse happens, un-ethical laywers goad
               | their customers into suing because they can win the wrong
               | case just as easily as they could lose a right one. For
               | them it's always a plus.
        
       | wodenokoto wrote:
       | Is it illegal for a witness to withhold knowledge? I.e., saying
       | "I don't remember" in regards to facts that they somehow can be
       | proven to know?
        
         | GavinMcG wrote:
         | In general, in this setting, yes. The English (and thereby
         | American) legal traditions assume a right "to every man's
         | evidence" and depositions are taken under oath.
         | 
         | An actual perjury charge is extremely unlikely, but the judge
         | the case is assigned to could hold a witness in contempt for
         | persistently refusing to play ball. In reality, though, what
         | the deposing side needs is to know what facts the witness will
         | testify to, or alternatively, to be able to show that the
         | witness can't be trusted. So if they can prove that the witness
         | lied, it's likely sufficient for their purposes to just show
         | that at trial and thereby discredit the witness.
        
         | leetcrew wrote:
         | how can you prove that someone knows something? if you could,
         | presumably you wouldn't need to question them about that thing.
        
           | i_like_waiting wrote:
           | by other questions that imply that very simplified example:
           | have you drove your car from pub? don't remember were you in
           | a morning at 6 Random street? Yes 5 mins later... Did you
           | took a taxi? No sir, I came by car Can anybody confirm that
           | for you? No, I was driving alone
           | 
           | It would be probably more elaborate questions, but you get
           | the idea
        
         | toyg wrote:
         | It's not an absolute principle. It obviously depends on the
         | country, but also on the type of trial (civil, criminal...),
         | down to the particular type of issue being considered and the
         | position of the witness in the dynamic.
        
       | hashimotonomora wrote:
       | Evasive witness or very effective tactic during cross, depending
       | on who you are.
        
       | pkilgore wrote:
       | I would just like to remind folks that depositions are a hostile
       | form of communication. As many other lawyers can tell you,
       | choosing to adopt these techniques with friends and loved ones
       | will generally be perceived quite poorly. And without an actual
       | judge to force both parties to be there and a fact finder and
       | standard to apply, everyone involved will lose.
       | 
       | That said, this was really excellent and concise advice. I hope
       | it might be obvious how much preparation time this takes, which
       | is just one of the many reasons litigation is so incredibly
       | expensive on non-corporate financial scales.
        
         | hashimotonomora wrote:
         | It depends on your goal. Depositions are not taken with a
         | judge. It's great as a method for asking specific, exhaustive,
         | exploratory questions and not letting the "witness" word
         | herself out without at least making it obvious to you. I've
         | used it a lot with sneaky suppliers and in general as a method
         | to find truth. With friends a loved ones you should make it
         | much softer and know when to stop. But the underlying
         | conceptual framework is the same.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | kayodelycaon wrote:
           | Interrogating family and friends in these way is inherently
           | hostile because the goal here is to catch people lying. By
           | doing this, you're telling the other person you don't trust
           | them.
           | 
           | As someone on the receiving end of this, it destroyed any
           | trust I had with my parents and teachers. The problem was
           | that I wasn't lying, but that I couldn't tell a story in a
           | coherent and linear order on the first attempt.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | xyzelement wrote:
             | Some of this advice is simply how to structure a
             | conversation that helps the other person communicate what
             | they know. If doesn't need to be hostile.
        
               | kayodelycaon wrote:
               | The article does not tell you how to use these techniques
               | in a non-hostile way.
               | 
               | You need to have good social skills to even pull that
               | off... in that case, why do you need them?
        
               | xyzelement wrote:
               | Like I said, it doesn't have to be hostile. For example,
               | the one fact one question pattern is useful when someone
               | is throwing a messy ball of information at you. They may
               | not be doing it to be intentionally evasive, but it's
               | simply ineffective for helping you understand what they
               | know, so you need to help them along.
               | 
               | People can "end up" unintentionally evasive(aka
               | confusing) and having a structure and strategy for
               | keeping them on track is key.
        
               | ysleepy wrote:
               | These techniques only really make sense if you want to
               | make someone say something specific you already know, I
               | strongly assume they even prevent actually finding out
               | what someone really is thinking about or means.
        
               | xyzelement wrote:
               | > These techniques only really make sense if you want to
               | make someone say something specific you already know
               | 
               | I mean, yes if you take it very literally - but why limit
               | yourself? Here's an example of using the "one question
               | one fact" technique for a non-hostile "interrogation"
               | that's almost verbatim from last week:
               | 
               | Colleague (super irate): everyone who works here is a
               | fucking incompetent idiot! We need to fire half our team!
               | 
               | Me: Was there a production problem last night?
               | 
               | Colleague: Yes
               | 
               | Me: did we roll out some bad logic?
               | 
               | Colleague: Yes
               | 
               | Me: Was the logic obviously bad?
               | 
               | Colleague: Yes!!!!
               | 
               | Me: was there a code review that missed it?
               | 
               | Colleague: Yeah
               | 
               | Me: who reviewed it?
               | 
               | Colleague: Bob.
               | 
               | Me: wasn't Bob the reviewer the last time something
               | obvious broke?
               | 
               | Colleague: Yeah...
               | 
               | Me: we should help Bob become a stronger reviewer.
               | 
               | Colleague: Agreed!
               | 
               | Did I interrogate my colleague? Sort of. Was it hostile?
               | Not at all. Did the one fact one question form help him
               | get from "we should fire half the team" to "we need to
               | help Bob"? Yup. Was that a vital recognition to make
               | things better? Yup. Could we have gotten there so quickly
               | if I didn't intentionally structure the conversation?
               | Probably not.
        
               | kayodelycaon wrote:
               | Here's what I'm seeing, a coworker makes a statement out
               | of frustration and your decision is to "correct" them.
               | This escalates things because your trying to hammer your
               | point of view through.
               | 
               | You're addressing the wrong problem. They are frustrated
               | at the situation, not suggesting a course of action.
               | Acknowledge their feelings (because you probably have the
               | same frustration). Then you can work the conversation
               | around on how to fix the problem. Maybe they see
               | something you don't. But you'll never know that with your
               | example.
        
               | xyzelement wrote:
               | > Here's what I'm seeing, a coworker makes a statement
               | out of frustration and your decision is to "correct"
               | them.
               | 
               | I get the "make sure they are OK" angle - totally the go-
               | to if someone is seriously distraught or vulnerable.
               | 
               | This was a manager annoyed from perceiving themselves
               | drowning in a sea of incompetence. Helping him go from
               | that to "this is something I can help my team with" was
               | empowering to him as is obvious in the actual example.
               | 
               | You really can't imagine a situation where simply helping
               | someone navigate their own understanding is helpful?
        
               | kayodelycaon wrote:
               | Thank you for checking out my website. I'm quite proud of
               | it. :)
               | 
               | While I am an advocate for mental health now, I've been
               | doing everything I talked about for the last decade.
               | Maybe two if you include what I picked up from my parents
               | doing marriage counseling.
               | 
               | > You really can't imagine a situation where simply
               | helping someone navigate their own understanding is
               | helpful?
               | 
               | Here's my way to address that:
               | 
               | "Yeah. That last deployment was rough. I'm sick and tired
               | of this happening too. What we are doing isn't effective.
               | I've been thinking about this and I have a few ideas.
               | When would be a good time to discuss? I'm free now or we
               | could talk after lunch."
               | 
               | Now I can have a conversation with someone willing to
               | look at solutions instead of venting.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | The coworker is a professional and the manager isn't a
               | psychotherapist.
               | 
               | The point is to take the word soup and turn it into an
               | action. As a manager or someone investigating a problem,
               | your goal is to resolve the issue. Reinforcing the state
               | of emotional whatever is a barrier to that goal.
               | 
               | People tend to segment their thinking based on their
               | role. Validation of "everyone is stupid, except me"
               | doesn't put you on a good path.
        
               | kayodelycaon wrote:
               | Acknowledging someone feels legitimate frustration or
               | anger at something that needs to be fixed is not the same
               | as validating what they said.
               | 
               | Depending on your relationship with the person, you can
               | defuse things any number of ways. The goal is to switch
               | them from thinking emotionally to thinking logically.
               | Humor works well.
               | 
               | I've said something like this in the past: "Hold up,
               | let's see if we can fix this before we start executing
               | volunteers. The paperwork just isn't worth it."
        
               | rackjack wrote:
               | Yeah... deposition seems to be for constructing an
               | argument or proving a position. If you don't have a
               | position to prove, I think it's better to work through
               | the emotions and issues a colleague is facing so work can
               | be done more smoothly, since they probably know something
               | you don't.
        
               | cuf7i3vtcu wrote:
               | You could also have just let your colleague vent and
               | gotten the same basic result unless your colleague is the
               | one in charge of hiring/firing. Personally, you sound
               | tedious to talk with.
        
               | ljm wrote:
               | This kind of works okay when the other person is agreeing
               | to being coached, but sometimes you want to express
               | something without it being something to be immediately
               | fixed. Because it sounds like you're not hearing the
               | frustration, and skipping a few steps ahead.
               | 
               | It's great when someone wants it, but do it often enough
               | or by default and people will start cutting you out of
               | the loop. Because it's genuinely _exhausting_.
               | 
               | I've been on both sides of this, especially when I did
               | coaching training and then thought I could use it for
               | everyone.
        
               | xyzelement wrote:
               | >> This kind of works okay when the other person is
               | agreeing to being coached
               | 
               | This is a great point and totally agree. It's a little
               | frustrating to have to spell out the entire context of
               | the relationship in this case but people are for some
               | reason eager to assume a context that puts the
               | conversation in the worst possible light rather than
               | seeing "oh yeah ok _sometimes_ there 's room for that
               | kind of thing" and obviously you wield the tool with
               | judgement.
               | 
               | One thing I really do appreciate is that some workplaces
               | seem more geared for coaching and feedback than others. I
               | haven't worked at Amazon for example but I understand
               | that one of the reasons it's considered a hard place to
               | work is that it's "not OK" to not want to improve and
               | grow, so you give implicit consent to be coached by
               | working there (obviously there's still room for empathy
               | and handing it well) whereas other organizations (Google)
               | seem to prioritize in-the-moment happiness so there's
               | potential to be missing out on vital feedback for years -
               | I actually asked about this a lot in my interviews there.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | i_like_waiting wrote:
               | I am working in Business Intelligence/ reporting and this
               | type of questioning is absolutely amazing to give out to
               | juniors. Not because stakeholders would intentionally
               | obfuscate something from us, but because juniors are
               | doing too many assumptions.
               | 
               | Recent example was "we need that person to fill this info
               | manually, because she is communicating with other
               | department". After deep diving with him by similar
               | method, I discovered that opposite is true.
        
       | FpUser wrote:
       | >"The witness who "doesn't remember" or "isn't sure" about dates,
       | times, distances, or amounts."
       | 
       | That would be me. I honestly can't ever remember any date / phone
       | number / time / etc without writing it down. FFS I can't even
       | recall license plate of my car.
       | 
       | >"Q. How far apart were your truck and Mrs. Agan's car apart the
       | accident?
       | 
       | A. I don't know.
       | 
       | ... and it goes on and on"
       | 
       | Yes I do not remember the distance. I can tell that it is
       | probably between 5 and 15 feet. There is no fucking evasion here.
       | Learn to ask correct question instead.
       | 
       | >"Effective exhaustion is the use of simple follow-up questions
       | like the following after each answer:
       | 
       | ...
       | 
       | "Tell me more"
       | 
       | ... "
       | 
       | I am sorry Mr. Lawyer. I am not here to create stories possibly
       | endangering sides without merit. Ask fucking particular
       | questions.
        
         | GavinMcG wrote:
         | It doesn't matter _why_ you 're doing it. Whether you're
         | deliberately evasive or not, you're not stating facts that
         | answer the question. The purpose of a deposition is to develop
         | a record about the facts the witness can state in testimony.
         | It's a correct question _because_ it demands a specific factual
         | answer.
         | 
         | > I am not here to create stories
         | 
         | Exactly, which is why your response to "tell me more" is to say
         | there is no more to tell. The lawyer needs to know you're on
         | the same page about not creating stories. That way if "more"
         | suddenly comes up in trial, the judge or jury can fairly weigh
         | why you are all of a sudden willing to create stories at trial.
        
           | FpUser wrote:
           | >"you're not stating facts that answer the question"
           | 
           | Not my problem. I am not here do the guesswork and tell semi-
           | facts that could be further twisted to advance someone's
           | goal. Learn to ask proper questions. That is one of the
           | things you get paid for.
        
             | GavinMcG wrote:
             | I'm curious what you think a better question would be,
             | given that in the example, the witness _could_ in fact have
             | said from the outset  "I didn't measure, but at least 5
             | feet, say the distance between you and me, and closer than
             | about 15 feet; say from the wall to the end of the table."
             | 
             | What better question than the one that directly asks for
             | specific the information that's needed?
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | In this particular distance situation it is simple - tell
               | me _approximate_ distance in familiar way (this is to use
               | size of the room as an example as the person may not
               | actually grok feet) and I will answer accordingly. Do not
               | ask whole bunch of questions instead and call the answers
               | evasive as that lawyer has.
        
               | GavinMcG wrote:
               | Keep in mind the article is _about_ dealing with evasion.
               | You seem to be assuming that  "I don't know" is being
               | seen as evasive, but it's really being _assumed_ because
               | that 's what the article is about.
               | 
               | Also, depositions are by law conducted the same way
               | testimony at a trial would be, so the lawyer can't
               | herself testify-asking a whole lot of questions is
               | mandatory.
               | 
               | Are you saying you think the lawyer should say "The
               | distance from you to me is about five feet. The distance
               | to the wall is about fifteen feet. The distance to that
               | building you see through the window is about eighty feet.
               | How far away would you say <thing> was?" Because that
               | seems unnecessary when an appropriate answer would be "I
               | don't know how many feet, but about the distance to that
               | wall."
        
         | denton-scratch wrote:
         | "Tell me more"
         | 
         | "Can I just tell you anything I like, or is there something in
         | particular that you'd like me to tell you?"
         | 
         | That's part of his boxing-in strategy, I think. As a juror, I
         | think I'd be unimpressed by an examiner asking such an open
         | non-question. As a witness, it would make me angry (which
         | someone up-thread has noted would mean I've lost that hand).
         | 
         | Also, if I'm not sure, then I'm _not_ going to testify under
         | oath that I am sure. Asking me repeatedly is badgering, and it
         | won 't change my answer.
        
           | smarx007 wrote:
           | No, this is a shrewd defense against a witness saying in
           | court "but the opposing lawyer didn't let me speak and only
           | told me to answer their questions, that's why it's not in the
           | deposition".
        
         | mannykannot wrote:
         | Q. Okay, then could they have been more than 25 feet apart, say
         | the length of this room?
         | 
         | A. Is this room 25 feet long?
         | 
         | Don't agree to something you have not verified.
         | 
         | Q. If someone showed you photos of the scene would that
         | possibly allow you recollect something about seeing Mr. Smith's
         | car? (asking if reviewing a document might change recollection)
         | 
         | A. It might implant a false impression that I remember more
         | than I do.
         | 
         | Alternatively,
         | 
         | A. I very much doubt it, but if you think there are pictures
         | that will, show them to me.
         | 
         | If a lawyer took that bait, she might be setting herself up for
         | an "if the glove doesn't fit" moment, where the witness denies
         | that any evidence presented makes a difference to her recall.
        
         | loeg wrote:
         | The questions are intentionally leading to the conclusion the
         | lawyer wants a jury to reach. It's intended to be hostile. If
         | you react angrily, that serves the lawyer's purpose.
        
           | Nasrudith wrote:
           | And lawyers wonder why they are considered lowerer than a
           | subterranean snake's belly when they openly waste vast
           | amounts of people's time to manipulatively build a sophistic
           | self serving narrative....
        
           | FpUser wrote:
           | If I calmly tell lawyer to go back to high school and learn
           | haw to ask questions that could be answered without the doubt
           | whose purpose does it serve?
        
             | loeg wrote:
             | Lawyer's. Because it's perceived as juvenile.
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | Why would I care what it's being perceived like?
        
               | function_seven wrote:
               | Because the deposition, when played for a jury in a civil
               | suit, may cause them to find against you or the party you
               | align with.
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | "...party you align with." That is a big assumption. I
               | prefer not to align. If for whatever reason I am aligning
               | with party I will of course take that into account.
        
               | unanswered wrote:
               | Because mostly the answers don't matter and the only
               | thing that does matter is the fact finder's opinion of
               | the parties.
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | So your are telling me that we only have kangaroo courts?
               | Well I sort of suspected it. thanks for confirming.
        
       | tptacek wrote:
       | Classic illustration of this:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PZbqAMEwtOE
        
       | smcl wrote:
       | So this reminds me of an amazing situation during a deposition
       | for a case involving voice actor Vic Mignona suing some people
       | because their tweets and calls[0] caused him to lose work. So a
       | guy called Ron Toye is being questioned over some tweets and Ty
       | Beard (the lawyer conducting the deposition) _just_ needs to get
       | him to authenticate that some tweets are his:
       | 
       | Ty Beard: Look at all these pages, are these all your tweets?
       | 
       | Ron Toye: I don't recall making them, but that's my twitter
       | handle yeah
       | 
       | TB: Are those your tweets?
       | 
       | RT: It looks like it, yes
       | 
       | TB: Yes? Is that a "yes"?
       | 
       | RT: It looks like it, yes
       | 
       | TB: I need you to say yes or no [1]
       | 
       | RT: ... or it looks like it
       | 
       | So this goes on for pages, the frustrated lawyer (who appears to
       | be pretty poorly equipped to handle the situation) being given
       | the runaround by just A Guy. There is a really funny discussion
       | of this - including more of the deposition transcript - in the
       | ALAB podcast's episode "Weeb Wars Pt 2" @
       | https://soundcloud.com/alabpodcast/episode-5-weeb-wars-pt-2
       | (deposition chat starts 28 minutes in, lasts 10 minutes). It even
       | escalates, it's great :D
       | 
       | edit: to be clear, I think the person being stupid in this
       | scenario is Ty Beard, not Ron Toye :D
       | 
       | [0] - arguably Vic Mignona's own general creepiness caused this,
       | but these guys tweeted about that
       | 
       | [1] - he really doesn't
        
         | howdydoo wrote:
         | I didn't listen to the podcast, but let me play devil's
         | advocate for a second. For most people, tweets are fire and
         | forget, and they can't remember everything they've ever posted.
         | If a lawyer hands me a binder with 38 pages of tweets, I don't
         | know where he got them. If it turns out a tweet on page 15 was
         | doctored, and I say "yes these tweets are mine", then I just
         | confessed under oath to something I didn't do. In that position
         | I would answer questions in good faith, but I would also never
         | confirm anything under oath unless I was damn sure it was the
         | truth.
         | 
         | I'm sure this attitude would piss off a lot of lawyers, but
         | lucky for you I'm not a white collar criminal, so you don't
         | need to worry about meeting me in a courtroom.
        
           | smcl wrote:
           | I totally agree with you
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | Even longer articles/blogs/research notes/etc. I've probably
           | written thousands of them. If someone asks me if I wrote one,
           | especially one that I didn't have final editorial approval
           | over, the best I could probably say in many cases is that I
           | vaguely recall writing something like that and it seems to
           | reflect what I believed to be true at the time.
           | 
           | Ditto for verbal communications. I had a call with a lawyer
           | at a vendor once asking me about a conversation I had with a
           | reporter. (Not a deposition.) As I recall :-), my answer was
           | along the lines of I know the journalist in question and have
           | spoken to them many times and I vaguely remember being
           | briefed at some point by the $VENDOR in question on $TOPIC
           | but I have no idea who I spoke with or exactly when it was.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | I used to run a blog where I just posted helpful articles
             | because my article would be better than whatever else was
             | out there. Think: "Renewing your passport" or the like, but
             | for my country.
             | 
             | I'd sometimes Google an issue and end up back on my own
             | website reading an article I forgot I already wrote.
        
               | bink wrote:
               | I used to work for a software company known for it's
               | militant transparency. I'd often come across a technical
               | problem that I wanted to solve so I'd open a public issue
               | on the problem and plan to come back to it a week or two
               | later. Inevitably when I did get around to starting work
               | and ran a search the top hit would be my own public
               | issue.
        
           | joe_the_user wrote:
           | Yeah,
           | 
           | All the things that article describes as "evasiveness" are
           | what I'd describe as taking into account the messiness of the
           | world. I mean, I might remember being at a restaurant with
           | people and deciding to go to a show with them. Did I actually
           | go to the show? I don't know, maybe I changed my mind on the
           | way if I have no memory of the show or maybe I did go.
           | 
           | A lot of the article seems about ways to bully people into
           | making "obvious" conclusions, stating things definitely when
           | they are not, in fact sure of their answers and so-forth. And
           | a lot of tactics are about the common sense of language.
           | "Surely you'd remember X if you in fact did it" "Come on,
           | either the situation had X quality or it didn't" etc. In
           | contrast to this intuition, I think there are quite a few
           | studies on memory and language having some inherent fuzziness
           | to them.
           | 
           | Edit: in defense of the parent article, it's writing in an
           | assumed context of professionals operating according to
           | standards. In this context, people have both an obligation
           | and a series of reminders to be exact in their memory of
           | events and the events themselves should be more cut-and-
           | dried. The real problem is someone expects this standard of
           | exactness to carry over to casual human activity (writing,
           | tweeting or socializing).
        
         | js2 wrote:
         | Nothing will ever really top Bill Clinton's "It depends on what
         | the meaning of the word 'is' is."
        
         | JasonFruit wrote:
         | > he really doesn't
         | 
         | That's the thing, after all: the guy is obligated to give true
         | answers, not answers that would be convenient for the lawyers.
         | There's no requirement that you make their job easy.
        
           | smcl wrote:
           | Absolutely
        
         | wodenokoto wrote:
         | There is a similar story about an office worker not knowing
         | what a photocopy machine is.
         | 
         | The New York Times did an amazing reenactment from transcripts
         | of the legal deposition
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/PZbqAMEwtOE
        
           | js2 wrote:
           | _Here 's the fuller story: The Cuyahoga's Recorder's Office
           | charged $2 per page... even when it was simply a CD full of
           | documents. That literally meant they were charging over
           | $200,000 for a single CD of publicly available documents. The
           | companies that needed these documents were understandably
           | frustrated. That's why they sued. The recorder's office spent
           | $55,000 of taxpayer's money defending themselves... and they
           | lost.
           | 
           | The person refusing to acknowledge what a photocopier is, was
           | Lawrence Patterson. He was head of information technology for
           | the recorder's office, and even after the loss of the case
           | was still working for the county on a salary of $65,000(!).
           | 
           | The lawyer questioning him was David Marburger. He pointed
           | out afterwards that if the recorder's office had just
           | accepted the more reasonable sum of $50 per CD, which the
           | companies suing the recorder's office had offered, they would
           | have made $25,000 -- instead they lost $55,000.
           | 
           | Marburger has said of the video that the emotions were all
           | wrong: "I actually wanted [Patterson] to keep up what I
           | perceived as a charade. Once he chose the path that he took,
           | I didn't want a straight answer; I wanted him to keep it
           | going. That was why I kept pushing over the course of 10
           | pages of transcript. To me, the testimony became too good to
           | be true. It was perfect."
           | 
           | He also said that Patterson wasn't the slightest bit
           | intimidated in real life.
           | 
           | Marburger used the absurd testimony to win the case, and the
           | court unanimously agreed that they only charge $1 per CD
           | moving forward._ -- thunderpeel2001
        
             | Lochleg wrote:
             | I knew exactly what "jargon" the IT worker was going to
             | use, and I've never worked in an office like that. Of
             | course, I assumed he was being pedantic at first. If a
             | lawyer only needs to find a government office worker that
             | has lost his mind to win a case, it's just not fair.
        
           | mtlynch wrote:
           | I loved that scene. It features the fantastic but tragically
           | underused John Ennis, most famous for his work on Mr. Show.
           | 
           | I remember when it came out, I felt like the Verbatim series
           | was really well done, but it was surprising coming from the
           | _NY Times_ since it was so outside their wheelhouse. It seems
           | like they abandoned it pretty quickly but I wish someone more
           | like Funny or Die would pick up the idea.
        
         | lovecg wrote:
         | I guess you can follow up with something like "what are some
         | reasons it looks like it to you" and then follow that trail.
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | OK, so it's your handle. Do you ever tweet? Who tweets on your
         | account? ...
        
       | WJW wrote:
       | An interesting style of questioning for adversarial situations.
       | Engineers are usually taught to use very open questions
       | (why/what/who/when/etc) so as to not inadvertently steer the
       | situation to a predetermined conclusions. This is very useful for
       | cooperative situations, such as a team trying to find the root
       | case of some outage so that it can be fixed.
       | 
       | In more adversarial situations such as pitching your manager on a
       | raise, I can see how using many short and closed questions will
       | steer the conversation much more effectively by closing down
       | options for the counterparty to evade. It's very similar to the
       | "yes ladder" used in some sales courses.
        
       | dave333 wrote:
       | There should be another article for the prospective witness:
       | Dealing With The Snarky Lawyer
        
       | jedimastert wrote:
       | Super duper off topic, but the second period in the second
       | paragraph is in bold and it's surprisingly distracting. Not like
       | "can't bare to read the rest of the article" but it did make me
       | stop and check the source to make sure I wasn't crazy.
        
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