[HN Gopher] An inside look into the illicit ad industry
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       An inside look into the illicit ad industry
        
       Author : psanford
       Score  : 172 points
       Date   : 2021-11-05 15:09 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ariadne.space)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ariadne.space)
        
       | soared wrote:
       | > ad tech is about trying to scam the rest of ad tech as hard as
       | possible, while trying to not get scammed too hard yourself
       | 
       | That's a joke of a quote. You could say that about literally any
       | industry and it would never be true. If a company solely exists
       | to scam others, over the long term it will not last. Adtech
       | provides digital marketing which drives actual revenue and
       | profits for businesses. There certainly are scammers, but this
       | quote just ignores an entire legitimate industry.
        
       | comprev wrote:
       | Another industry which often flies under the radar of many people
       | is the marketplace for products which eBay, Facebook Marketplace,
       | Amazon, PayPal, Stripe, etc. will not touch.
       | 
       | The market for [non-FDA] diet pills, MLM eBooks, "mind, body &
       | soul" empowerment videos, etc. is massive - even more so during
       | the pandemic when employees are getting bored at home.
       | 
       | A business I knew with saw revenue rocket during the last 2
       | years, and they owned the whole stack - affiliate marketing
       | schemes, an ecommerce platform (which still supports IE7!),
       | virtual call-centres, right down to a payment processor (that
       | also accepted adult content, CBD products, etc.).
       | 
       | The experience really opened my eyes into how much money there is
       | to be made by... how can I put this politely.... exploiting
       | overweight gulliable people with low self-esteem.
        
       | ryandrake wrote:
       | Fascinating article to a layman who has no idea what goes on in
       | the bowels AdTech. The scamming and detection cat-and-mouse game
       | seems like such a zero-sum waste of
       | energy/talent/servers/everything, but I suppose while there's
       | opportunity to play these games and shovel money towards oneself,
       | it will keep attracting people. And nobody seems to be losing
       | except ad buyers (monetarily) and end users (via a shittier web
       | experience). I guess my question to the author would be: Once you
       | found out what it really was that you were working on, what did
       | your internal ethical dialog sound like, and how did you justify
       | to yourself continuing to work on it?
        
         | Dlanv wrote:
         | A big portion of the world consists of cat and mouse games like
         | this.
         | 
         | Everything 'security' in the world is the same way.
        
           | RedBeetDeadpool wrote:
           | I remember reading somewhere that a lot of our dna is pretty
           | much this 'security' you speak of.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | I'd like to see the pull requests please
        
               | andrewflnr wrote:
               | You can get diffs, but the documentation is going to be
               | sparse.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | This was a while ago, but:
               | https://github.com/msporny/dna/pulls.
        
           | wyager wrote:
           | Not everything. Formal methods research, for example, is not
           | cat-and-mouse.
        
         | mpeg wrote:
         | AdTech gets a lot of flak, but I did spend quite a lot of time
         | in my career building tools on the opposite side of this. We
         | also did reverse engineer what the big networks like Google
         | were doing but with the objective of learning the best
         | techniques to use - which is actually quite disappointing in
         | practice, these days the most important measure of being a real
         | user is whether Google can doxx you or not.
         | 
         | It was quite fun for a while, and some of the tools and
         | techniques ended up having applications beyond ads, for example
         | developing 0-day techniques to unmask Tor and VPN users (webRTC
         | leaks, etc.) that could then be reused on seized/honeypot onion
         | sites to catch predators.
        
         | mojuba wrote:
         | > And nobody seems to be losing except ad buyers (monetarily)
         | and end users (via a shittier web experience)
         | 
         | Aa well as end users via subsidizing the ad spending for the ad
         | buyers. Who you think pays for the ads in the end? It's us, the
         | consumers.
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | I remember seeing a pop-under script as late as 2013 that could
       | bypass chrome popup blockers
        
       | gjsman-1000 wrote:
       | Side note: I've seen these articles which blame Capitalism ("ad
       | tech: capitalism refined to its purest?"), and while that may be
       | true, they never address what solution they want. Communism? As
       | if communist China isn't launching malware attacks. Socialism?
       | 
       | For that reason it feels like blaming something unrelated.
        
         | circlefavshape wrote:
         | When someone blames "capitalism" for something, what they
         | usually mean is that they'd like if this thing didn't happen,
         | but don't have any concrete proposal for preventing it. It's
         | equivalent to blaming "society"
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | If we followed this logic, we'd still have slavery because
           | "you can't blame capitalism" and the famous poster at
           | protests "race mixing is communism"
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | You could also substitute "unregulated capitalism" for
           | "capitalism". Often when someone criticizes capitalism for
           | allowing some social ill, the underlying message is: This
           | wouldn't happen if there were some regulatory guard rails and
           | a legal system that punished this particular ill.
        
             | kelseyfrog wrote:
             | A lot of us actually mean capitalism because we believe
             | that the incentives it creates are inherently baked into
             | its structure. For example, the construction of capital
             | markets inevitably lead to labor exploitation through a
             | natural series of actions and reactions. That's anti-
             | capitalism 101.
             | 
             | Anyone who has worked at a heavily funded startup knows
             | this. They may not have the words for it, or they may even
             | like it, but they cannot deny that the situation creates
             | the incentives.
        
               | bravura wrote:
               | "the construction of capital markets inevitably lead to
               | labor exploitation through a natural series of actions
               | and reactions"
               | 
               | Can you explain what this means, with some key examples?
        
               | kelseyfrog wrote:
               | I really wish I could, but this is essentially asking for
               | a distillation of Capital Vol 1 in a Hacker News comment.
               | If this is something you're interested in, I encourage
               | you to read it from the source. It spells out exactly
               | this.
               | 
               | If that doesn't quite suit you, feel free to reach out
               | (email in profile) and I'm sure we could find a way to
               | convey this conversationally.
        
         | blacksmith_tb wrote:
         | Hmm, I don't read it that way. It's just as easy to interpret
         | that subhead as "the dose makes the poison" in which case the
         | author isn't arguing for Communism as the solution but less-
         | pure Capitalism (i.e., not the Wild West). The advertising
         | industry does strike me as a particularly unpleasant outgrowth
         | of Capitalism, and I liked the characterization of it as buying
         | and selling of things without value, not in the trivial sense
         | of monetary value - it has that, clearly - but social value.
        
         | drclau wrote:
         | I have this idea that maybe ads should be entirely disallowed
         | from everywhere, except for catalogues, printed and online.
         | Crazy, right?
         | 
         | It would work like this: you feel like spending money or you
         | want to buy a specific type of product? You pick-up/load the
         | catalogue and browse until you can't take it anymore, or at
         | least until you find something. And then follow a link to the
         | seller's website, or get the address of the local store. No
         | more ads everywhere, not in the physical world and neither in
         | the online world.
         | 
         | Admittedly, I have not spent much time thinking about it and
         | the possible side effects.
        
           | bostik wrote:
           | > _ads should be entirely disallowed from everywhere, except
           | for catalogues, printed and online._
           | 
           | I've been saying this for a few years now, but that's only
           | part of a Terminal Solution[tm].
           | 
           | I wouldn't disallow online _ads_ , because done sensibly
           | (https://bostik.iki.fi/aivoituksia/random/no-stalking.html)
           | they could happily coexist with everything else. Here's the
           | more heretic take: make the core EU take the universal one -
           | any and all data on an individual is _ALWAYS_ the property of
           | the person in question. No exceptions. Any third part storing
           | a copy of it is merely a guardian of the data, not its owner.
           | Then require for every single use of that data to
           | _compensate_ the individual.[ss] That flips the incentives,
           | because all of a sudden every data processing round costs you
           | real money that you have to pay out. Not in amortised compute
           | costs, but in actual payouts.
           | 
           | In a strange twist, the sums themselves don't need to be
           | particularly large. The sheer overhead of requiring accurate
           | accounting, auditable records, and all the extra back-office
           | operations to make it possible to repay people at a global
           | scale is expensive enough to transform the practice of
           | hoarding personal information from an asset into a liability
           | with capital L.
           | 
           | In other words: if you want to advertise to me, you need to
           | pay _me_ for the privilege of wasting my time, my bandwidth,
           | my electricity and my screen real estate. Through the nose,
           | if needed.
           | 
           | ss: I'm willing to make an exception to legal hard
           | requirements. But unless you're a government conducting their
           | necessary activities, you pay.
        
           | igorkraw wrote:
           | I've been thinking about this for a year and haven't found
           | any downsides
        
             | kelseyfrog wrote:
             | Sao Paulo's been living it for 14 years. I'd love to hear
             | from residents how they feel about it too.
        
               | asxd wrote:
               | That's fascinating. Looks like this is due to the clean
               | city law put in place in 2006 that removed upwards of
               | 15000 billboards and other outdoor ads.
               | 
               | The wikipedia entry [1] contains an account from a local
               | reporter there. Here's the first bit:
               | 
               | > Sao Paulo is a very vertical city. That makes it very
               | frenetic. You could not even realize the architecture of
               | the old buildings, because all the buildings, all the
               | houses were just covered with billboards and logos and
               | propaganda. And there was no criteria. And now it is
               | amazing. They uncovered a lot of problems the city had
               | that we never realized.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cidade_Limpa
        
         | ATsch wrote:
         | Capitalism is a system where, so it is claimed, atomized
         | individuals pursuing their "rational self-interest" produce an
         | inherent moral and societal good. This is to be aided by a lack
         | of regulation and interference by non-market forces. The freer
         | the markets the freer the people.
         | 
         | This case is a pretty clear example of how this is not in fact
         | the case. By the metrics of a captialist system this should be
         | a huge success. You have investment, voluntary contracts, free
         | markets and fierce competition that results in huge amounts of
         | innovation. Yet the result is horribly useless waste that hurts
         | society. I think it's pretty fair to call it out.
        
           | robocat wrote:
           | That sounds like a straw man argument to me. I think
           | capitalism is amoral.
           | 
           | Regulations are added to restrict some of the harmful effects
           | of uncontrolled greed.
        
           | ATsch wrote:
           | I can't personally speak to the effectiveness of all of the
           | systems humans have lived under or seriously proposed, but
           | I'm fairly certain that among them capitalism is pretty
           | unique in being a system where a paperclip maximizer can be
           | considered a good product. (incidentally also fairly unique
           | in being the only system so far under which hunans have
           | created a global extinction level event)
        
         | cbsmith wrote:
         | It's not blaming capitalism. It's blaming purism.
         | 
         | X at "its purest" is pretty awful, for all values of X.
         | 
         | Shocking news flash: pretty much any system has unintended
         | consequences, distortions, etc. You invariably need checks and
         | balances (which rob it of its "purity") in place to mitigate.
         | When you get into the extra-legal space, where those checks and
         | balances are most mitigated, you see some pretty terrible
         | stuff.
        
           | throw10920 wrote:
           | > It's not blaming capitalism. It's blaming purism.
           | 
           | I've never seen an article that blames "purist capitalism" on
           | HN (maybe two that reference "lassie-faire capitalism"), and
           | dozens that just blame "capitalism", no further elaboration
           | given. The most straightforward explanation is that
           | capitalism itself _is_ being blamed, and I think that this
           | explanation is supported by the recent (past 20 years?)
           | increase in support for socialism /communism (both in the US
           | and globally).
        
             | cbsmith wrote:
             | I guess it depends on how you read it. This article is
             | pretty clearly critical of "capitalism in its purist form",
             | and [checks notes] it was posted on HN.
             | 
             | So your perception may be more of projection of your own
             | POV than that of others.
        
             | qwerty2021 wrote:
             | you're seeing an increase of mentally ill and/or unhappy
             | people with internet access.
        
         | mikestew wrote:
         | I highly recommend staying away from hemlock tea, despite the
         | fact that I am unable to provide you with an antidote.
         | 
         | Just because a solution isn't provided does not necessarily
         | invalidate one's criticism. And China as your poster child for
         | communism? Man, I don't want to get all "no true Scotsman" on
         | you, but...
        
           | elefanten wrote:
           | Your analogy perfectly defeats your point.
           | 
           | The alternative to drinking hemlock tea is not drinking
           | hemlock tea.
           | 
           | You can't _not pick_ an economic system of organization. Even
           | if you don 't pick one, you will have one. So the question
           | becomes "what's the best choice available?"
           | 
           | To choose "not capitalism" is still choosing something --
           | something which may work much worse.
        
             | mikestew wrote:
             | Thanks, Neil Peart?[0] I'm not saying "don't choose", or
             | "choose differently". I'm saying one doesn't need to offer
             | alternatives in order to state that $THING might have
             | downsides. Just because I have a lot of money tied up in
             | the U. S. stock market doesn't mean that it's hypocritical
             | to point out the jackassery that can come with
             | capitalism...like ad tech.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.rush.com/songs/freewill
        
               | kelseyfrog wrote:
               | In agreement. Far too many "debaters" do not acknowledge
               | this truth. Identifying a problem and proposing a
               | solution are two different things. I get that actionable
               | statements are appreciated, but they aren't a
               | requirement. Conflating the two rhetorically sophomoric.
               | 
               | Another way of putting this is the burden of proof to
               | also provide on a solution is not on the problem
               | identifier. Asking as much is implicitly making the
               | argument that the problem doesn't exist because the
               | solution doesn't yet exist. We can all agree how absurd
               | that is.
        
               | throw10920 wrote:
               | > I'm saying one doesn't need to offer alternatives in
               | order to state that $THING might have downsides
               | 
               | Which is a completely reasonable and true point! And it's
               | a rhetorical pattern that, if we could assume noble
               | intent more often, would be way more popular.
               | 
               | However, unfortunately, when people act in bad faith, the
               | reasonable expression "x has problems" can have the
               | subtext "we should use [popular alternative y] instead".
               | This is the case with supporters of socialism and
               | communism - "capitalism is bad" is not used in order to
               | try to improve the regulatory mechanisms around
               | capitalism (which, as other people have pointed out, are
               | absolutely necessary), but in order to try to drum up
               | support for their favored economic system instead.
               | 
               | The pattern that consistently appears is that people who
               | are trying to improve or draw attention to the regulatory
               | landscape around capitalism consistently talk about
               | regulations (e.g. focusing on the FAA's lack of oversight
               | over Boeing, or old environmental regulations that were
               | revoked under a recent administration), and the people
               | who are trying to advance another agenda instead throw
               | out lines to the effect of "capitalism bad" or "this is
               | the result of capitalism".
        
             | InitialLastName wrote:
             | Your assumption that selection of a system is binary, as in
             | you either have an absolute unrestricted free market or you
             | have uncompromising centralized state control of the entire
             | economy is missing the question.
             | 
             | We don't have either of those things now (neither does
             | China). Control of the economy exists on a multidimensional
             | spectrum, of which there are many possible options; blaming
             | "capitalism" for a problem is shorthand for noting that, in
             | some situation, the unrestricted free market is leading to
             | negative externalities or a poor use of the commons.
        
           | gjsman-1000 wrote:
           | I understand - I'm not saying it's not capitalism, but that I
           | don't see from this article why using a different system
           | would prevent this from happening. It's just something to
           | blame.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | cheese_van wrote:
           | Perhaps but if you assume a spherical true Scotsman...
        
         | betenoire wrote:
         | That paragraph stuck out to me too.. it makes no sense. They
         | say it is refined capitalism but also nothing of value is being
         | traded. Isn't capital supposed to have value? That's refined
         | snake oil.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | "they never address what solution they want. Communism?"
         | 
         | As much as I enjoy hackernews, is it economically illiterate.
         | There are 50 different economic schools of thought, and
         | 'Capitalism/Communism' are not among them, they are
         | vulgarities.
         | 
         | 'Capitalism' of 1800 was mercantelism - it was protectionist,
         | featured slave trade, etc.
         | 
         | 'Capitalism' of 1980's was Keynesianism, when income tax was
         | 70% in the top bracket, high inflation, cheap housing, we could
         | build infrastruture effectively, etc.
         | 
         | 'Capitalism' of today is 'Neoliberalism', and it's the pinnacle
         | of laissez-faire approach to economy.
         | 
         | There is also Shumpeterianism which proritises technological
         | development, Austrian school, and countless others
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schools_of_economic_thought
        
         | xmodem wrote:
         | Here's an idea: like, capitalism, but with some restraints on
         | it to protect the world. You know, like how we have regulators
         | that (nominally) ensure food safety and clean air and whatnot.
        
       | hiccuphippo wrote:
       | It sounds like a lot of this could be prevented if Javascript had
       | a way to disallow monkeypatching. Maybe there could be something
       | like `const` that would prevent external code from modifying an
       | attribute of an object. At least for objects provided by the
       | engine itself. Is there any non malicious reason to allow
       | everyone to replace `window.encodeURIComponent`?
        
         | moron4hire wrote:
         | Well, window is the default global scope, so it can't be sealed
         | or any top-level declarations wouldn't work. You'd have to
         | create a new global scope to be able to seal window, and that
         | would break large swaths of the web.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | >and that would break large swaths of the web.
           | 
           | I'm thinking that might not be as bad of a thing as you might
           | be making it out as. Sometimes, you just need to light a
           | match and watch certain things burn. Allow their ashes to be
           | fertilizer for the regrowth period.
           | 
           | Unfortunately, in the world of today, I think the underworld
           | of slimey devs would fill the void faster, and implement
           | "new" that appeals to their needs.
        
             | moron4hire wrote:
             | And what of all those government websites that don't get
             | updated very often, with forms that people rely on to get
             | access to benefits? Something as simple as client-side pre-
             | form-validation would break access and it could be months
             | before anyone does anything about it. Sure, you could argue
             | that the various government bureaus should be better about
             | updating stuff, but that's really just not going to happen.
        
               | eitland wrote:
               | I've been proposing the same approach as Mozilla took
               | with asm a few years ago:
               | 
               | Specify a subset of the language and guarantee that if on
               | sticks to this subset it will run in a simplified and
               | heavily optimized branch of the code.
        
         | austincheney wrote:
         | If browsers provided an option to block third party script
         | requests... solved.
        
         | Sephr wrote:
         | It's absolutely possible to have JavaScript coexist in a
         | potentially hostile environment. We utilize a secure reference
         | cache for Transcend Consent so that potentially malicious
         | scripts cannot interfere with the operation of our consent
         | manager.
        
           | jefftk wrote:
           | It's only possible if you can ensure that you are operating
           | on the page before any other scripts. [1] Most third parties
           | on pages don't have that.
           | 
           | [1] And that there are no relevant extensions, and no one has
           | modified the browser itself.
        
             | Sephr wrote:
             | Indeed. We advise our customers to place our consent
             | management script before any scripts that they wish to
             | regulate due to this inherent limitation.
        
       | dennisy wrote:
       | Is it possible to ensure that your resource is delivered on a
       | specific site?
       | 
       | For example if I have an image and need to be 100% certain where
       | it was loaded, is that possible to do with some very high level
       | of certainty?
        
         | waynesonfire wrote:
         | only if you can trust the source and destination, which, from
         | the point of view of the ad server, is not the case hence the
         | uphill battle of ad fraud.
         | 
         | this is the value add of closed platforms. though not perfect,
         | they have the most reliable ads. amazon, google, facebook,
         | netflix, pinterest, tv. any fraud just makes these platforms
         | more money so what's the incentive? maybe there are some edge
         | cases with revenue sharing models. the fraud that i can think
         | of on these platfroms is the extent that the quality of
         | platform is misrepresented [1].
         | 
         | [1] https://techcrunch.com/2021/02/18/facebook-knew-for-years-
         | ad...
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | trasz wrote:
       | So what's illicit about it, compared to the usual ad business?
        
         | michael1999 wrote:
         | If an advertiser says "place this ad, but not on TPB", and a
         | network says "sure, we'll run your ad, and not on TPB", and
         | then through trickery runs the ad on TPB, but in a way that
         | fools the advertisers auditor, that is clear fraud.
        
           | PeterisP wrote:
           | Isn't this more like a network says "if you run this ad on
           | your nice-and-fluffy-site, we'll pay you $x" and the nice-
           | and-fluffy-site says "yep, we'll run this ad on our site" but
           | runs this ad on TPB instead ?
           | 
           | I.e. as far as I understood the particular situation
           | described by OP, the breach of contract happens between the
           | site and network, not between the network and advertiser.
        
         | 123pie123 wrote:
         | My assumption was they were displaying ads and falsifying the
         | clicks to the ads and getting money (fraud?)
        
         | mmierz wrote:
         | This is answered in the article!
        
           | trasz wrote:
           | It's not. The article simply assumes that actions that the ad
           | networks don't like are somehow "illicit", without providing
           | a rationale.
        
             | yborg wrote:
             | These guys are delivering ads for Lexus to moviepiracy.com
             | by using an intermediate server that obscures the actual
             | target site. Lexus doesn't want its brand associated with
             | these types of sites and would normally prevent this from
             | happening. Intermediary collects the money.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Officially Lexus doesn't want that, in reality, they care
               | about sales.
               | 
               | They'll be upset if this "gray" traffic doesn't convert
               | well, but Lexus buyers just might be the type with the
               | disposable income for gambling.
        
               | mpeg wrote:
               | I know some people that made tons of money simply for
               | setting up the arbitrage, shell companies that would sell
               | ad space to big brands promising top tier media orgs and
               | then turn around and buy it directly from porn, gaming
               | and piracy sites.
               | 
               | Same thing as this article, but without actually building
               | the technology themselves, simply being the middleman.
        
       | secondcoming wrote:
       | What I don't understand about domain masking is how the offender
       | gets paid? Surely the owner of the 'borrowed' domain gets paid
       | instead?
        
         | gowld wrote:
         | Advertiser buys ads (via a network intermediary) on "Good
         | sites, but not Pirate Bay"
         | 
         | Evil person creates a (simple, weak) good site, and sells ads
         | on it.
         | 
         | Advertiser pays Evil person to show ads on simple, weak, good
         | site.
         | 
         | Evil person then displays those ads (via iframe) on Pirate Bay.
         | 
         | Advertiser thinks the end-user visited Good site.
        
           | vzqx wrote:
           | How does Evil person interact with Pirate Bay owners? Does
           | the Pirate Bay knowingly host fraudulent ads in return for a
           | share of the profit?
        
             | andrewla wrote:
             | The "Evil person" and the "Pirate Bay owners" are the same
             | people.
             | 
             | The ads are not fraudulent per se -- real humans are seeing
             | the ads and interacting with them.
        
       | jklinger410 wrote:
       | Like many takedowns of the digital ad industry, this paints an
       | incomplete picture.
       | 
       | We use 3rd party impression and click tracking, along with
       | pairing purchases to user/session ids to make sure our ads our
       | working. If a user tries to mask their data from us, they simply
       | come in as direct traffic, and we don't attribute that to our ad
       | campaign.
       | 
       | If this fraud stuff trips you up you aren't doing it right.
        
         | mojuba wrote:
         | You should add your retention rates into the picture though.
         | The ad network can bring you really shitty users who had
         | incentives to click (usually from within games) but are
         | absolutely not interested in your product. These can be real
         | users, not bots, but they will ruin your retention stats later.
        
         | ohyeshedid wrote:
         | >If this fraud stuff trips you up you aren't doing it right.
         | 
         | That mentality, across the entire ad industry, is how I retired
         | before 40. Assumptions of security, understanding, and
         | operating knowledge create huge blindspots, and those were my
         | flow state.
        
           | jklinger410 wrote:
           | I tend to agree but this article doesn't address the
           | blindspots that I think are relevant.
        
         | bentice wrote:
         | Most of the ad industry believes that because they use a 3rd
         | party impression or click tracking they are safe from these
         | attacks. This article outlines how ad fraud operations find
         | vulnerabilities in those technologies that the ad industry
         | trusts. 3rd party verification does not mean you have avoided
         | fraud.
        
         | cbsmith wrote:
         | Yup, but that's the thing: "you aren't doing it right" is more
         | the norm than otherwise.
        
       | gardis wrote:
       | I'd really like to see a movie or a documentary on this topic.
       | 
       | Comments in here and the post itself are such a niche that only
       | people browsing hacker news get to see.
        
       | bentice wrote:
       | The only way to really solve this is to follow the money. There
       | will always be vulnerabilities but whether it's profitable to
       | exploit them is another story. Ads move fast but money moves
       | slow.
       | 
       | The victims are good publishers ( miss out on ad dollars that
       | would have gone their way) and advertisers (who have generally
       | moved their money to walled gardens where there isn't an agency
       | incentive problem).
        
       | ChuckMcM wrote:
       | That is a very accurate description of the 'ad tech' business we
       | got to interact with at Blekko. Greed caught many of the folks,
       | they would be making $2K - $4K a week and suddenly jump to
       | $15-$20K ? And all the anti-fraud algorithms would light up. I
       | don't doubt for a moment that the small numbers were also fraud
       | but until they crossed the threshold they got away with it.
       | 
       | The CFO and I were convinced that everyone would switch to "CPA"
       | or per-action models (you only pay on the ad if the click
       | resulted in a sale/conversion etc) that seemed like a much harder
       | thing to defraud. But for brand impressions? That isn't something
       | you can do easily.
       | 
       | Our crawler uncovered a registrar that had sold thousands of
       | domains on one of the odd top levels to a scammer who had
       | populated them with duplicate data driven "forum", "blog" and
       | "review" sites. At the time the crawler would flag sites with
       | identical copy and this person had been fairly clever in that
       | they clearly had a crawler of their own and they crawled through
       | forums and just duplicated all of the messages and then populated
       | their "fake" forum with them (as an example). If you looked at
       | one "page" it kind of made sense (it clearly was written by a
       | human) but different responses were talking about randomly
       | different things (likes one post on cats and then a post on
       | rebuilding an engine).
       | 
       | We speculated it had started as a black hat SEO operation and
       | then expanded into an ad fraud farm. But still it was amazing to
       | see what was perhaps hundreds of thousands of "web pages" that
       | existed simply to exploit a way to extract money out the web
       | ecosystem.
        
         | BiteCode_dev wrote:
         | The opposite is true: ad companies will often not count all the
         | legit impressions, until you start putting monitoring and call
         | them out.
         | 
         | Ads are just a dirty business at this point.
        
           | Beltiras wrote:
           | Has it ever not been?
        
             | codyb wrote:
             | Just personally, I'm not super opposed to ads sold on
             | television networks that come over my antenna that
             | basically just market to specific demographics.
             | 
             | Billboards a bit problematic if they distract drivers but
             | otherwise don't bother me much either.
        
             | BiteCode_dev wrote:
             | If you read the excellent Bernays' propaganda
             | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propaganda_(book)), you can
             | have dive into how advertising was perceived in 1920.
             | 
             | While I don't buy that this is the only view at the time,
             | and that there was no dirt to find, I believe that there
             | was a time were ads were imagined as a way to inform the
             | consumers, or at least convey some kind of information to
             | them.
             | 
             | Unfortunately, the market doesn't optimize for what's
             | right, only for what's profitable. The too may or may not
             | aligned at first, but give it enough time, and it will
             | deviate.
        
               | mistrial9 wrote:
               | obligatory ref to "Century of the Self" four-part
               | documentary
        
         | winternett wrote:
         | It's only when you look into the Black Hat world that you
         | realize how deceptive the Ad world is... Major Record labels
         | botting their music videos to make them look extremely popular,
         | social media profiles with millions of followers for sale
         | providing instant impressions of fake fame, and the majority of
         | ad-based revenue being eaten up by scammers.
         | 
         | Even Google analytics are so convoluted now that they really
         | make a simple process of tracking real engagement into a
         | maddeningly confusing bowl of spaghetti.
         | 
         | The people that seek to overcomplicate the web also create wild
         | pyramid schemes for profit that really corrupt purpose and
         | utility of the Internet. It won't be long before we begin to
         | see completely fabricated statistics everywhere, and it will
         | feed into misled investors and more deception.
         | 
         | I'm glad we still have the ability to create our own web sites
         | and resources, many companies have been lobbying to take that
         | ability away from us, to drive costs of doing so up wildly, and
         | to cripple our ability to have an even playing field.
         | 
         | I don't run ads on my personal web sites though, it's better I
         | don't contribute further to the problem.
         | 
         | My friends and family don't realize why I'm such a pessimist
         | when I speak about the Internet and Social Media now, I worry
         | about them being scammed and influenced by the fake aspects of
         | certain business and celebrity online.
         | 
         | If there's one thing that the Pandemic has shown, it's who had
         | money and who was faking. There were many people using black
         | hat techniques to fake popularity, success, and fame and that
         | began to dry up quick every time Google pushed an algorithm
         | update.
         | 
         | The sad reality is that normal creators, and business owners
         | that don't participate in the ad/manipulation madness can't
         | ever make it to a point where they'll be visible, and the
         | Internet can't ever return to the point where equal opportunity
         | existed because of all of the now embedded ad-based revenue
         | culture that we all let take hold of it.
         | 
         | The only way to thrive moving forward will be to create small
         | (focused) communities that avoid the current pitfalls of ad
         | based communities, and to be able to sell valuable and highly
         | useful products and services within them that fund reasonable
         | expansion and operation of those communities.
        
           | fedreserved wrote:
           | Future4200.com is a perfect example of the small community
           | you discussed.
           | 
           | It's a marijuana/hemp forum that is one of the biggest
           | resources in the space.
        
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