[HN Gopher] Pfizer's oral Covid-19 antiviral cuts hospitalizatio...
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       Pfizer's oral Covid-19 antiviral cuts hospitalization, death by 85%
        
       Author : jeremylevy
       Score  : 700 points
       Date   : 2021-11-05 12:57 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.fiercebiotech.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.fiercebiotech.com)
        
       | hungryforcodes wrote:
       | Who cares about the skeptics. Give me the drug if I'm sick. End
       | of story.
        
       | throwawaymedia wrote:
       | Before everyone becomes super excited, I want you all to read
       | this article from Nov 2:
       | https://www.bmj.com/content/375/bmj.n2635
       | 
       | Read it carefully. Pfizer falsifies clinical data and covers up
       | significant adverse effects. FDA knows about all of that and
       | covers their asses. Whatever comes from Pfizer will be authorized
       | without any questions being asked. It's not even a legislation,
       | but a straight up internal arrangements between FDA and Pfizer
       | executives.
       | 
       | Whatever you see in media about Pfizer is a complete crap.
       | 
       | I also want to remind you that Pfizer is responsible for the
       | largest health care fraud in history. They had to pay $2.3B fine
       | in 2009.
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | _One_ of Pfizer 's trial vendors falsified information.
         | 
         | https://www.cbs17.com/news/north-carolina-news/fact-check-re...
         | 
         | > The Pfizer Phase III trial involved 44,000 people and 153
         | locations. From August 2020 through Sept. 17, 2020 -- when she
         | was fired -- Jackson told CBS 17 that Ventavia accounted for at
         | least 1,200 of those people and accounted for three sites.
         | 
         | The author of the BMJ piece is quoted as saying "people are
         | going to use this to push a political position because that's
         | what they're interested in", so congrats on demonstrating that.
        
           | jtbayly wrote:
           | Wait a minute. I don't see any political position in the
           | comment you're replying to. I don't even see a hint of one. I
           | can't even figure out what political position on what topic
           | would be likely.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | The author was obviously aware of the possibility that "one
             | of Pfizer's vendors did a bad thing" would likely be turned
             | into "Pfizer bad/scary!" (with the implication that doubt
             | should be cast on the vaccines/meds) as it is here.
        
           | salemh wrote:
           | Why do you trust this company?
           | 
           | https://corporatewatch.org/pfizer-six-scandals-to-remember/
           | 
           | 1986: Pfizer had to withdraw an artificial heart valve from
           | the market after defects led to it being implicated in over
           | 300 deaths. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
           | withdrew its approval for the product in 1986 and Pfizer
           | agreed to pay hundreds of millions of dollars in compensation
           | after multiple lawsuits were brought against it.
           | 
           | 2003: Pfizer has long been condemned for profiteering from
           | AIDS drugs. In 2003 for example, it walked away from a
           | licencing deal for its Rescriptor drug that would have made
           | it cheaper for poorer countries.
           | 
           | 2011: Pfizer was forced to pay compensation to families of
           | children killed in the controversial Trovan drug trial.
           | During the worst meningitis epidemic seen in Africa, in 1996,
           | Pfizer ran a trial in Nigeria their new drug Trovan. Five of
           | the 100 children who took Trovan died and it caused liver
           | damage, while it caused lifelong disabilities in those who
           | survived. But another group of 100 children were given the
           | conventional "gold standard" meningitis antibiotic as a
           | "control" group for comparison. Six of them also tragically
           | died because, the families said, Pfizer had given them less
           | than the recommended level of the conventional antibiotic in
           | order to make Trovan look more effective.
           | 
           | 2012: Pfizer had to pay around $1billion to settle lawsuits
           | claiming its Prempro drug caused breast cancer. Prempro was
           | used in hormone replacement therapy, usually for women going
           | through the menopause. The settlements came after six years
           | of trials and hardship for the women affected.
           | 
           | 2013: Pfizer paid out $273 million to settle over 2,000 cases
           | in the US that accused its smoking treatment drug Chantix of
           | provoking suicidal and homicidal thoughts, self harm and
           | severe psychological disorders. Pfizer was also accused of
           | improperly excluding patients with a history of depression or
           | other mental disturbances from trials for the drug. Later, in
           | 2017, a coroner in Australia ruled that the drug had
           | contributed to a man's suicide. The man's mother campaigned
           | to change the label on the drug.
           | 
           | 2020: Pfizer reached an agreement with thousands of customers
           | of its depo-testosterone drug in 2018 after they sued it for
           | increasing the likelihood of numerous issues, including heart
           | attacks.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | > Why do you trust this company?
             | 
             | The great news is that I don't have to.
             | 
             | The vaccines are being widely administered by dozens of
             | countries, each with their own regulatory authorities, and
             | the whole process is generating enormous amounts of data,
             | including ones outside Pfizer's control/influence.
        
           | djanogo wrote:
           | Your take is completely wrong, OP didn't make it "political",
           | he said Pfizer falsified data and your post confirms that.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | > he said Pfizer falsified data
             | 
             | Which is an assertion the BMJ article doesn't support.
             | 
             | "Revelations of poor practices _at a contract research
             | company_ helping to carry out Pfizer's pivotal covid-19
             | vaccine trial raise questions about data integrity and
             | regulatory oversight. Paul D Thacker reports "
             | 
             | "A regional director who was employed _at the research
             | organisation Ventavia Research Group_ has told The BMJ that
             | the company falsified data, unblinded patients, employed
             | inadequately trained vaccinators, and was slow to follow up
             | on adverse events reported in Pfizer's pivotal phase III
             | trial. "
        
               | throwawaymedia wrote:
               | > Ventavia executive identified three site staff members
               | with whom to "Go over e-diary issue/falsifying data,
               | etc." One of them was "verbally counseled for changing
               | data and not noting late entry," a note indicates.
               | 
               | > At several points during the late September meeting
               | Jackson and the Ventavia executives discussed the
               | possibility of the FDA showing up for an inspection (box
               | 1). "We're going to get some kind of letter of
               | information at least, when the FDA gets here... know it,"
               | an executive stated.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | > Ventavia
               | 
               | > Ventavia
               | 
               | You're aware that Pfizer isn't spelled V-E-N-T-A-V-I-A,
               | yes?
        
           | encryptluks2 wrote:
           | Trial vendor.. LOL. Reminds me of a politician getting caught
           | doing something. It wasn't my fault, it was the fault of the
           | person I paid to do it.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | If a politician hired a hundred vendors to send direct
             | mailings, and one of them used forged stamps, would it be
             | fair to say the politician used forged stamps?
        
               | encryptluks2 wrote:
               | This is more like.. what if you're a food manufacturer
               | and find out the food was contaminated. Do you keep
               | shipping it to recoup costs and stay quiet, or do you
               | come clean and risk the negative PR?
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | The vaccine wasn't contaminated, though.
               | 
               | The worst case scenario here is ~1,200 out of 44,000
               | trial participants in three out of 153 trial sites _may_
               | have had bad data. I would hope that Pfizer and the FDA
               | are double-checking the data from that vendor (and I
               | strongly suspect that one vendor with aberrant data
               | versus the rest of them is already something they keep an
               | eye out for).
               | 
               | We've subsequently given (and monitored for the same sort
               | of issues we look for in these trials) hundreds of
               | millions of doses of the vaccine successfully.
        
           | throwawaymedia wrote:
           | My assumption is that you haven't seen how big deals are
           | being made in this world. VAERS has all the data as an
           | outcome of these kind of deals: https://openvaers.com/covid-
           | data
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | If you open up the _actual_ VAERS
             | (https://vaers.hhs.gov/data.html), you'll see disclaimers
             | like this:
             | 
             | > Reports may include incomplete, inaccurate, coincidental
             | and unverified information.
             | 
             | > The number of reports alone cannot be interpreted or used
             | to reach conclusions about the existence, severity,
             | frequency, or rates of problems associated with vaccines.
             | 
             | The numbers are suddenly high, in part, because of this:
             | 
             | https://vaers.hhs.gov/faq.html
             | 
             | > Healthcare providers are required to report to VAERS the
             | following adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination [under
             | Emergency Use Authorization (EUA)], and other adverse
             | events if later revised by CDC...
             | 
             | There's a COVID-specific reporting _requirement_ on a
             | previously _optional_ system.
        
               | grey413 wrote:
               | Agreed. The reports that VAERS provides can _hint_ at
               | rare adverse outcomes for vaccines, but it simply doesn
               | 't hold any significance compared to clinical trials.
               | Comparing them is just outright false equivalence.
        
             | ADSSDA wrote:
             | VAERS is a great thing, but it's deeply unfortunate that
             | antivax conspiracy theorists have used it to spread lies
             | like yours.
             | 
             | https://www.science.org/content/article/antivaccine-
             | activist...
        
               | throwawaymedia wrote:
               | There is no conspiracy theory here. Stop using that term
               | to minimize the importance of things. VAERS is a data
               | point. Check out similar data points from other
               | countries. Numbers DO match.
        
               | ADSSDA wrote:
               | What other data points? Can you provide peer reviewed
               | high quality data to support your claims? Just because
               | you _want_ a conspiracy theory to be true does not make
               | it so.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | grey413 wrote:
             | VAERS hasn't turned up anything like you're implying about
             | the Pfizer vaccine.
        
             | mpweiher wrote:
             | Please don't misrepresent VAERS.
             | 
             | "Due to the program's open and accessible design and its
             | allowance of unverified reports, incomplete VAERS data is
             | often used in false claims regarding vaccine safety."
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_Adverse_Event_Reporti
             | n...
             | 
             | VAERS is an unvetted database of adverse events that occur
             | some _time_ after a vaccine has been given. It does not
             | mean that there is a _causal_ link.
             | 
             | "CDC cautions that it is generally not possible to find out
             | from VAERS data if a vaccine caused the adverse event, or
             | how common the event might be.[5]"
             | 
             | Particularly, in the current pandemic, we vaccinated a LOT
             | of sick and elderly patients, and we vaccinated them first,
             | in almost unprecedented numbers. So VAERS will have a LOT
             | of "adverse events", simply because the sick and elderly
             | have a lot of these adverse events, vaccine or not.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | JKolios wrote:
         | > covers up significant adverse effects.
         | 
         | I can't find that in the article you linked, can you cite the
         | relevant parts of the text?
        
         | IronWolve wrote:
         | Related, FDA's War on Dr. Burzynski, after Burzynski won his
         | court cases, the FDA gave away Burzynski patents to their FDA
         | pharma buddies. The FDA stole it after they couldn't win
         | lawsuits against Burzynski in multiple court cases.
         | 
         | Found a recap via google @
         | https://www.jpands.org/hacienda/blevins1.html
         | 
         | Burzynski: Cancer Is Serious Business @
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_7LZ8GLerI
        
         | mataug wrote:
         | I understand this concern, but what can I as an average citizen
         | do about this ?
         | 
         | - Should we choose the moderna vaccine instead ?
         | 
         | - Should we avoid the oral vaccine, and opt for the injection
         | instead ?
         | 
         | - Should we merely be skeptical and wait ?
        
           | warning26 wrote:
           | My advice would be to avoid conspiracy theories on the
           | internet and just live your life.
        
           | throwawaymedia wrote:
           | I'm skeptical and I wait. I'll be the last one in line to
           | take the shot. I'm a software engineer and I know that if you
           | deploy a system to production RIGHT AWAY, something is gonna
           | fail.
        
             | crottypeter wrote:
             | But the virus is already in the live prod environment!
        
             | mataug wrote:
             | Wait before taking the oral vaccine ? Or wait before taking
             | the existing FDA approved Pfizer vaccine ?
             | 
             | And why not take the J&J or Moderna vaccine if Pfizer is
             | the only concern here ?
        
       | jolts wrote:
       | Also called pfizermectin
        
       | fag_tits wrote:
       | Sooo...rebranded ivermectin basically?
        
       | stevev wrote:
       | I do think early treatments are important and that we have strong
       | case studies to support the effectiveness of Ivermectin and high
       | dosage of Vitamin D intake.
       | 
       | https://c19early.com/
        
         | oezi wrote:
         | Why are you linking to such a page? This isn't a trustworthy
         | source.
        
           | docmars wrote:
           | Oh? It only links to dozens of peer-reviewed journals and
           | studies. Totally suspect.
           | 
           | Can't win all the jab religion followers, it seems
           | -\\_(tsu)_/-
        
             | oezi wrote:
             | Well the authors could start by giving their names instead
             | of running an anonymous page online.
             | 
             | Then they could actually use a methodology that makes
             | sense.
        
               | docmars wrote:
               | And what of the methodologies presented in the individual
               | studies? Are they not sufficient?
               | 
               | Who are you, or anyone, to assume the curator / scientist
               | / reporter who put this together is acting with negative
               | intent when it presents a positive outlook for the use of
               | other treatments that have manifested in good outcomes
               | and healing?
               | 
               | Don't get me wrong, it's good to be skeptical, just not
               | selectively.
        
               | oezi wrote:
               | Don't get me wrong Doc. Neither you nor I nor a random
               | dude with a web-site has the capacity to make statements
               | that might lead people to make medical decisions. Leave
               | that to doctors and governments please.
               | 
               | It is good to be skeptical, but also important to trust
               | the right people.
        
               | pjkundert wrote:
               | You mean, the doctors who are making such decisions,
               | getting good results, and getting their medical licenses
               | revoked?
        
               | docmars wrote:
               | So much this. It's all too real, and happening at an
               | alarming pace. I've stopped counting the reports and
               | interviews from doctors and medical workers who have
               | bravely shared their stories and fears around this.
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | And get harrassed? One of the benefits of the internet is
               | (/was) that you can share data/information anonymously.
        
         | ufo wrote:
         | There's enormous amounts of evidence that ivermectin doesn't
         | work.
         | 
         | If did work, we wouldn't have over 600,000 dead here in Brazil.
         | A sizeable portion of the population, encouraged by our
         | goverment, made use of ivermectin as a so-called preventive
         | treatment. It didn't work, and hundreds of thousands died
         | despite it.
         | 
         | The only thing that is actually working is the advance of the
         | vaccination campaign. While it started late, we thankfully are
         | have a very large support for vaccination, and very few
         | antivaxxers.
        
           | ArclightMat wrote:
           | Indeed, as a Brazilian, it gets to my nerves reading those
           | conspiracy theories about "how the media hid ${TREATMENT}'s
           | effectiveness" or "there is no interest on using ${TREATMENT}
           | because no money to be made! :c".
           | 
           | I seriously think those people are heartless. So many died
           | because of those ineffective treatments and they keep
           | advocating for them, with higher (and more dangerous) dosages
           | while linking to random papers as if all of them are
           | trustworthy (like a certain senator here). Worse, they
           | consider those who use the right tool for the job (vaccines)
           | the equivalent of religious nutjobs.
           | 
           | Most of their theories don't even make sense when you
           | consider the wide picture: For example, even if the "evil big
           | pharma" wasn't interested on cheap treatments, governments
           | would have done anything to avoid lockdowns that heavily
           | damaged their economies. It is a sick joke all the way down
           | and a disgrace to all who died before a proper treatment was
           | available.
           | 
           | I'm deadly sure that if they had lived through a collapse of
           | public and private healthcare systems and/or had lost someone
           | over it, they wouldn't be talking BS all the time.
        
         | rpmisms wrote:
         | This is good information to spread. The more we can treat
         | moderate-to-severe COVID at home, the less burden on the
         | hospital system.
        
           | docmars wrote:
           | It's unbelievable to me that people can't find the positivity
           | in studies and results like these as long as they pose a
           | threat to their beloved "miracle" vaccines that are
           | objectively wrecking too many people's lives with severe
           | adverse reactions and even death, over, and over, and over
           | again.
           | 
           | At some point, the horse blinders will need to be forcibly
           | ripped off in order to help people see and understand the
           | people right in front of them who are suffering unnecessarily
           | as they, and their families now fight life-long conditions
           | and grieve their losses.
           | 
           | It feels impossible while people clutch their pearls at the
           | mere mention of the possibility that something _else_ exists
           | that's sufficiently and observably effective.
        
         | LMYahooTFY wrote:
         | And there are a frightening number of people who will say
         | there's not enough data while Pfizer launches R&D for an
         | entirely new drug to get it to market.
         | 
         | Does no one else pay mind to the fact that pharmaceutical
         | companies have zero interest in potential treatment options if
         | they're not under patent anymore? Why do we trust them
         | implicitly but suspect Apple does shady things like employ
         | slave labor and suicide nets, or that Facebook downplays
         | psychological side effects of their products?
        
           | twofornone wrote:
           | The real scandal would be that ivermectin worked and
           | therefore invalidated the emergency vaccine authorization,
           | but I doubt that will ever see the light of day given the
           | coordinated media blitz against "horse paste".
        
             | swader999 wrote:
             | All these quoted studies were under-powered or administered
             | far too late and low dose and many only gave 3 does of
             | ivermectin. It does work if you have a higher dose at .6
             | mg/kg, take it fairly early and as recommended by the NIH.
        
       | thehappypm wrote:
       | It's crazy that money is such a huge incentive. Knowing that a
       | cure for Covid is a potentially $100B market means you throw the
       | kitchen sink at it. Imagine being this lab. Do you think they
       | ever had trouble hiring an assistant? Buying new equipment?
       | Getting bonuses? This environment must be fantastically different
       | from the typical meat grinder of bio R&D.
        
         | spamizbad wrote:
         | I know people who have worked on some pretty revolutionary
         | cardiac drugs that got laid off once their project was
         | complete. It'll still be a meatgrinder for the talent behind
         | these drugs. The spoils are further up the food chain.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We detached this subthread from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29120313.
        
         | spaetzleesser wrote:
         | It's also a boom and bust business. Once COVID has gone away I
         | bet funding will dry up and a lot of these people will have
         | trouble finding work.
        
         | pie42000 wrote:
         | This is what being an engineer during WW2 must have been like.
         | Near infinite money and resources, but very tough deadlines
        
           | subsubzero wrote:
           | agree, The manhattan project alone was 1% of the US GDP
           | during its most expensive year, that would equate to $230
           | Billion in today's dollars.
        
             | tomatocracy wrote:
             | There are still occasionally projects which approach this
             | relative scale today. When Boeing (temporarily) shut down
             | 737 MAX production in early 2020 it was reported that this
             | would reduce US GDP by between 0.3% and 0.6% (depending on
             | the economist doing the calculation), for example.
        
             | xxpor wrote:
             | Along these lines, for anyone who hasn't heard of it:
             | 
             | At the Trinity test, there was a containment unit called
             | Jumbo:
             | 
             | https://www.atomicheritage.org/history/jumbo
             | 
             | Basically, if Trinity fizzled, they wanted to be able to
             | recover the _billion dollar_ plutonium core.
             | 
             | It didn't actually end up being used, and so it was ordered
             | destroyed. But the thing was so tough that they essentially
             | couldn't blow it up. Normal bombs just weren't powerful
             | enough. So now it's just sitting there at the site.
        
           | rangoon626 wrote:
           | Still can't get over WWII, so everyone has to larp.
           | 
           | Truly, imagine having your main frame of reference pretending
           | you are in WWII, for everything else you do in life.
        
         | FooBarWidget wrote:
         | I don't think it's fair to say that it's just money. There's
         | also a global crisis and a huge need for such a drug.
        
           | Robotbeat wrote:
           | Well hopefully money serves as a tool for prioritizing
           | resources for important problems. Seems to be working well in
           | this case.
        
             | pxc wrote:
             | Money has totally failed at allocating vaccinations and
             | treatments for COVID-19 to 95% of the global population.
             | But it's 'succeeded' in securing boosters for people who
             | are already vaccinated in the richest parts of the world
             | while global supply is lacking.
        
             | xattt wrote:
             | The added incentive is survival of the species.
        
               | cinntaile wrote:
               | Lets not overdo it. Covid is not wiping out the human
               | species.
        
               | rafaelvasco wrote:
               | Maybe it could if left unchecked and mutating up and down
               | ?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | >"Maybe it could if left unchecked and mutating up and
               | down ?"
               | 
               | Nope
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | No -- if it was that easy, the odds are high that
               | something else would have already done so. The two things
               | which tend to factor into this are that there's a lot of
               | natural variation so it means that the population will
               | change to favor a high percentage of people who are
               | somewhat resistant to it[1] after a few generations of
               | recovery.
               | 
               | There's also an inverse relationship between deadliness
               | and spread: if something kills at a high rate, the odds
               | are high that it'll burn out when the outside world goes
               | into quarantine as long as it doesn't spread to 100% of
               | the breeding population before they start dying. Anything
               | deadly enough to wipe out a species is going to have a
               | LOT less resistance to lockdowns -- COVID-19 is deadly
               | but far below the rates of other diseases and that puts
               | it in a grey area where there are a fair number of people
               | who've had it and can say "no big deal". Smallpox or
               | polio were enough worse that people jumped on treatment
               | campaigns because almost everyone with lived experience
               | knew they didn't want it.
               | 
               | 1. A great example appears to be Sickle Cell Anemia,
               | where the gene responsible is thought to confer some
               | resistance to malaria -- normally this would be a
               | disadvantage but in areas where malaria is endemic the
               | risk of SCA is more than balanced by the risk of malaria.
        
               | rafaelvasco wrote:
               | Makes sense to me. Thanks.
        
               | therealdrag0 wrote:
               | How is species survival at risk?
        
               | kazinator wrote:
               | Big Pharma will not invest in a research program they
               | know will lose money, even if that money-losing situation
               | is the successful case which saves humanity from
               | extinction.
               | 
               | They will do the work, if the money comes from somewhere
               | else.
        
           | kazinator wrote:
           | Pharma doesn't do charity though. Drug risky is very
           | expensive and highly risky. It's risky whether you research a
           | drug for some disease that ten people have in the world, or
           | for a pandemic.
           | 
           | Research related to the pandemic is de-risked by some margin
           | and that alone makes it attractive.
        
         | pp19dd wrote:
         | Sadly, promise of money means "viability." Have to be realistic
         | about these things.
         | 
         | You wouldn't believe it, but no one wanted to make a good hip
         | broach to fix grandma. It took athlete injury repair R&D money
         | to make that happen.
        
         | ryanobjc wrote:
         | Therefore how can you trust this drug? Follow the money! It's
         | just big science trying to propagate a pandemic to make more
         | money!
         | 
         | If this sounds insane, we'll ok just reflecting the common anti
         | vax sentiments I hear on this web site (ugh).
        
           | dustintrex wrote:
           | Except that this pill won't be given to people unless they're
           | already sick with COVID. Not that this will stop the tinfoil
           | hat brigade, but it's going to be much less controversial
           | than universal vaccine mandates.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | It won't happen, because the explicit arguments are just
           | pretexts. After The Lancet/Wakefield and Jenny McCarthy (and
           | other popular media figures), the word "vaccine" is now
           | simply triggering of aggressive suspicion. That media panic
           | combining with:
           | 
           | 1) the 80s New Age/Self-Help/Healthy Living/Naturopathic
           | flakes,
           | 
           | 2) the suspicions of black people who are generally neglected
           | and sometimes abused by the health care industry (over a very
           | long term with sign-off from regulators),
           | 
           | 3) and the religious fundamentalist divine punishment crowd
           | (disease exists to punish weakness and evil), and
           | 
           | 4) the factual observation that the healthcare industry in
           | the US is hopelessly corrupt from top to bottom, and will not
           | change no matter how strong the political will of the general
           | population, or how organized it is,
           | 
           | ...and all combinations thereof, means that this is going to
           | be something that we have to deal with forever. It has
           | nothing to do with whether the vaccine is new or
           | experimental, it's that it's a vaccine. We still don't have
           | universal vaccination for HPV, and that prevents cancer.
           | 
           | The media blames vaccine hesitancy on Republican hucksters,
           | but that's just because they're centrist neolibs and that's
           | what they're paid to do. Republican grifters take advantage
           | of whatever's available; this week they actually became
           | animal rights activists in order to attack Fauci:)
           | 
           | The anti-vax feeling is deeper than that; it's become
           | hopelessly tangled into religion, identity, and anti-
           | authoritarianism. It's not going away. Covid-19 was actually
           | pretty mild when it comes down to it, when a real disease
           | comes along, we're all dead.
           | 
           | I'm actually on a personal countdown until I hear the first
           | argument that this safe, effective, experimental pill is a
           | reason _not_ to take the dangerous, pointless, experimental
           | vaccine, and that big pharma wants you to take the vaccine
           | instead of the pill because reasons.
        
             | CamperBob2 wrote:
             | _I 'm actually on a personal countdown until I hear the
             | first argument that this safe, effective, experimental pill
             | is a reason not to take the dangerous, pointless,
             | experimental vaccine, and that big pharma wants you to take
             | the vaccine instead of the pill because reasons._
             | 
             | That ship sailed weeks ago on the Twittersphere, once news
             | of the new drug's development came out. According to half
             | of the idiots, the announcement explains why horse paste
             | had to be "suppressed," given that ivermectin was
             | inexpensive, already approved for human use, and
             | unpatentable. The other half maintained that no, the new
             | Pfizer compound was unalloyed good news, because they no
             | longer needed to worry about getting the "untested,"
             | "experimental" vaccine.
             | 
             |  _Covid-19 was actually pretty mild when it comes down to
             | it, when a real disease comes along, we 're all dead._
             | 
             | Exactly, SARS-CoV-2 amounts to a dress rehearsal. We know
             | how the real thing is going to play out now, and oh, boy.
        
           | fknorangesite wrote:
           | > the common anti vax sentiments I hear on this web site
           | (ugh).
           | 
           | Seeing this stuff so prevalent on HN really disappointed me.
        
             | president wrote:
             | Try to understand why this viewpoint exists. We are all
             | logical people. The difference is in the trust of public
             | media and government. Both sides of the argument are mostly
             | right in what they believe given the information they are
             | consuming. My suggestion - read sources from both sides
             | before deciding that anyone slightly against Covid hysteria
             | is misinformed and is an anti-vaxxer. Second suggestion,
             | anti-vaxxer is a really misleading and extremely divisive
             | term.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | The anti-vax movement is in the uncanny valley of media
               | trust. If they had more trust, they'd follow traditional
               | institutional recommendations as most had done for
               | decades. If they had less trust, they'd realize that
               | Faceboot et al are just more media sources hijacking
               | their sense of social proof. The path to actually
               | rejecting "the media" isn't to just follow substitute
               | media that promotes opposite viewpoints - you have to
               | reason from first principles and look to falsify every
               | single thing you read.
        
               | WillDaSilva wrote:
               | > We are all logical people
               | 
               | That's a bold claim. In my experience the vast majority
               | of people hardly try to think logically or apply critical
               | thinking skills in most opportunities, and no human does
               | so anywhere close to all the time. Humans are deeply
               | irrational creatures, and we shouldn't pretend otherwise.
        
               | fknorangesite wrote:
               | > My suggestion - read sources from both sides
               | 
               | I assure you I have; only one of those sides has any
               | intellectual merit.
        
               | trhway wrote:
               | Please show intellectual merit in the government mandate
               | for vaccine which:
               | 
               | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02689-y
               | 
               | " A person who was fully vaccinated and then had a
               | 'breakthrough' Delta infection was almost twice as likely
               | to pass on the virus as someone who was infected with
               | Alpha." ( and i was saying that months ago just based on
               | obvious arithmetic on public data
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28081982 and was
               | labeled as anti-vaxxer, i guess now it is me, the journal
               | Nature and the study authors are all anti-vaxxers)
               | 
               | "Unfortunately, the vaccine's beneficial effect on Delta
               | transmission waned to almost negligible levels over time.
               | In people infected 2 weeks after receiving the vaccine
               | developed by the University of Oxford and AstraZeneca,
               | both in the UK, the chance that an unvaccinated close
               | contact would test positive was 57%, but 3 months later,
               | that chance rose to 67%. The latter figure is on par with
               | the likelihood that an unvaccinated person will spread
               | the virus."
               | 
               | There is nothing wrong or unique about a vaccine being
               | not effective in reducing transmission and spread. We
               | have for example that with a flu vaccine each year. What
               | unique and wrong is the vaccine mandate and enforcement
               | of those failed Covid vaccines which plays right into the
               | hands of the opposition to the vaccines in general which
               | i think would result in a lot of damage down the road.
        
           | themitigating wrote:
           | Every business exists to make money, the same with most
           | people.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | randcraw wrote:
             | So no business can exist that seeks something other than
             | money? Non-profits and not-for-profits are not businesses?
        
               | 20after4 wrote:
               | Non profit organizations still need money to operate.
               | They still pay their employees with money. They still
               | must earn revenue somehow to cover their operations,
               | unless they are entirely funded by an endowment. The only
               | difference from for-profit companies is that they don't
               | earn returns for investors.
        
       | charbull wrote:
       | The data sample is a bit low? 1200 people
        
         | tpxl wrote:
         | Depending on the effect severity you can get a representative
         | sample from as low as 40 people (not necessarily in this case).
        
         | nonfamous wrote:
         | This is a randomized clinical trial; participants are recruited
         | into the study using methods that eliminate the biases
         | associated with self-selected participation, like internet or
         | TV polls. You can get statistically valid results from small
         | samples, that apply to very broad populations, using this
         | methodology.
        
         | dragontamer wrote:
         | Gotta prove it with 1200 before you get the funding for 10,000.
        
         | spywaregorilla wrote:
         | That's not low for the effect size they're observing. Note that
         | this is a phase 2/3 trial. The safety trials have already
         | occurred.
        
         | roywiggins wrote:
         | The effect size was very large. The calculated p-value was
         | <0.0001.
         | 
         | https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-deta...
        
         | DavidPeiffer wrote:
         | To mention it, not necessarily directed at you. Larger test
         | groups are required when trying to distinguish between less
         | effective treatments.
         | 
         | If rabies has a 99% death rate and you try your rabies
         | treatment on 10 people, 9 of whom live, that's much stronger
         | evidence than a situation where 50% of people died without
         | treatment versus 48% with treatment (sample size 100). To be
         | confident it's not just random chance, you'll need a really
         | large sample size for the 2nd situation.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | loceng wrote:
       | Sounds like same/similar rate as Ivermectin - if proper protocol
       | followed.
        
         | distantsounds wrote:
         | No, that has nowhere near the same efficacy.
        
           | loceng wrote:
           | C19ivermectin.com - which includes well done and poorly done
           | studies - lists 86% reduction with prophylaxis treatment.
           | 
           | You'll believe and weight a single study done by the company
           | looking to make billions via a new patented drug over many
           | third-party studies of a cheap off-patent drug though, won't
           | you?
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | No, that site is anonymous for a reason: the information
             | presented hasn't passed scientific review and relies on
             | various methodological and analytic errors to show positive
             | effects.
             | 
             | https://ebm.bmj.com/content/early/2021/05/26/bmjebm-2021-11
             | 1...
        
               | loceng wrote:
               | Do you think mentioning the site being anonymous gives
               | any strength to your argument?
               | 
               | Have your links been peer reviewed by competent
               | individuals who aren't toeing the line?
               | 
               | I wonder if https://mobile.twitter.com/alexandrosM has
               | analyzed your links yet, I'll ask him. He's been
               | debunking "long form"/poorly done "deep analysis" for
               | awhile now - including people trying to show flaws in
               | Ivermectin studies but where their methods are selective
               | and showing bias; and then arrogant people like you jump
               | in claiming they 100% know the truth.
        
         | acdha wrote:
         | Stop spreading disinformation. This has gone through studies
         | showing significant positive benefits. Ivermectin has small
         | studies with dubious methodology showing possible effects and
         | larger studies with better methodology showing no benefit,
         | along with substantial side-effects.
         | 
         | https://ebm.bmj.com/content/early/2021/05/26/bmjebm-2021-111...
         | 
         | https://www.cochranelibrary.com/content?templateType=full&ur...
        
           | pjkundert wrote:
           | You are misinformed:
           | 
           | c19early.com c19ivermectin.com
           | 
           | 128 studies, 83 peer-reviewed.
           | 
           | The money quote, from ivmmeta.com:
           | 
           | - There is evidence of a negative publication bias, and the
           | probability that an ineffective treatment generated results
           | as positive as the 65 studies is estimated to be 1 in 403
           | billion.
           | 
           | So, ... stop spreading misinformation?
        
             | thehappypm wrote:
             | Can you find a neutral source? I'm really interested in
             | ivermectin but nobody posts anything from neutral web
             | sites.
        
               | pjkundert wrote:
               | So, you don't want to review the 128 independent studies,
               | 89 peer-reviewed -- you want me to find you _more_
               | neutral sources?
               | 
               | You're on your own, buddy! :)
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | No, I'm not. You're citing notorious disinformation sites
             | whose anonymous creators are relying on you seeing big
             | numbers and not noticing the problems with methodology and
             | analysis. When actual experts look at those studies, the
             | results have not held up.
             | 
             | https://ebm.bmj.com/content/early/2021/05/26/bmjebm-2021-11
             | 1...
             | 
             | > Different websites (such as https://ivmmeta.com/,
             | https://c19ivermectin.com/,
             | https://tratamientotemprano.org/estudios-ivermectina/,
             | among others) have conducted meta-analyses with ivermectin
             | studies, showing unpublished colourful forest plots which
             | rapidly gained public acknowledgement and were disseminated
             | via social media, without following any methodological or
             | report guidelines. These websites do not include protocol
             | registration with methods, search strategies, inclusion
             | criteria, quality assessment of the included studies nor
             | the certainty of the evidence of the pooled estimates.
             | Prospective registration of systematic reviews with or
             | without meta-analysis protocols is a key feature for
             | providing transparency in the review process and ensuring
             | protection against reporting biases, by revealing
             | differences between the methods or outcomes reported in the
             | published review and those planned in the registered
             | protocol. These websites show pooled estimates suggesting
             | significant benefits with ivermectin, which has resulted in
             | confusion for clinicians, patients and even decision-
             | makers. This is usually a problem when performing meta-
             | analyses which are not based in rigorous systematic
             | reviews, often leading to spread spurious or fallacious
             | findings.
             | 
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8050401
             | 
             | > Meta-analysis/observational studies (https://ivmmeta.com)
             | are circulating in the scientific community and over the
             | Internet, demonstrating the efficacy of IVM during the
             | pandemic. However, most of the listed references fail to
             | provide adequate methodologies, making them difficult to be
             | validated. Major limitations include, small sample sizes,
             | doses and frequency of IVM use, open-label studies, in
             | which neither the participants nor the investigators were
             | blinded to the treatments, the use of concomitant
             | medications in addition to IVM, assuming that the efficacy
             | resulted from IVM
             | (https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/antiviral-
             | the...).
        
           | isolli wrote:
           | I don't know if ivermectin is efficient, but I doubt it has
           | substantial side-effects.
           | 
           | Your first link states that ivermectin is "proved to be safe
           | at the conventional dose, although severe adverse effects
           | have occasionally been reported". Occasional is not
           | "substantial". Your second link does not work for me.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | The people pushing it as a COVID treatment are usually
             | pushing prolonged usage at higher doses - they routinely
             | dismiss studies showing no benefits as not using enough -
             | and the documented side effects definitely happen at those
             | levels. The lower doses used for parasite treatments also
             | are balanced against high efficacy, whereas this just means
             | you still have COVID along with new problems.
             | 
             | Sorry about the link - it worked earlier when I tested it.
             | You can try this one:
             | 
             | https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.C
             | D...
        
               | isolli wrote:
               | Thanks for the updated link. What I read is: "Ivermectin
               | has few unwanted effects."
               | 
               | I don't think (and you also seem to imply) that any of
               | the studies conducted for Covid were using much higher
               | doses than the standard. On the contrary, this was
               | precisely the point of clinical studies: to determine
               | whether a standard dose of ivermectin (with known and
               | limited side effects) would provide benefits, even though
               | it is lower than the dose at which ivermectin was
               | initially shown to have antiviral properties in vitro.
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | > The people pushing it as a COVID treatment are usually
               | pushing prolonged usage at higher doses - they routinely
               | dismiss studies showing no benefits as not using enough -
               | and the documented side effects definitely happen at
               | those levels.
               | 
               | Uh, I have never seen that from them. All of them say the
               | bad studies are the ones using too high a dosage, and the
               | side effects from that dosage are why those studies have
               | bad results.
        
       | phh wrote:
       | > Pfizer used data on patients who were treated within three days
       | of symptom onset as the headline finding in its press release
       | 
       | > There were six hospitalizations and no deaths among the 607
       | patients who received Paxlovid within five days of symptom onset,
       | compared to 41 hospitalizations and 10 deaths in the placebo
       | cohort.
       | 
       | > Like Merck, Pfizer excluded people vaccinated against COVID-19
       | from its late-phase study.
       | 
       | No pricing information. I'm worried that "3 days after symptoms
       | onset" is too short to be usable in real-life, but I could be
       | wrong.
        
         | loceng wrote:
         | Did they also check and exclude if they had natural immunity -
         | COVID recovered, having antibodies?
        
         | prepend wrote:
         | If the cost is low enough and the side effects are mild enough
         | it could work. People would take it before a test is positive
         | so would end up taking it when they didn't really need it.
         | 
         | It's similar to the antivirals for flu where you need to take
         | it early on so it becomes habit to test early and start early.
         | 
         | Home labs will help with this too. Where someone could take a
         | test, get a prescription and pickup within a few hours.
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | > It's similar to the antivirals for flu where you need to
           | take it early on so it becomes habit to test early and start
           | early.
           | 
           | Are you actually able to get tests? I've brought my kid into
           | urgent care and they won't test for flu, so it doesn't matter
           | that there's a drug available, because they won't test.
        
           | odyssey7 wrote:
           | A useful comparison. I have never taken Tamiflu because I
           | know I'd need to haul my weak, shivering, flu-infected self
           | through public to see a doctor to get the Rx, go to the
           | pharmacy... all for the personally-uncertain benefit of
           | Tamiflu.
           | 
           | Nowadays, this should be easier with so many virtual
           | appointment options and delivery services. It should be, but
           | is it?
           | 
           | There should be an app that does all of it for you. 1. Scan
           | your insurance card. 2. You get notified when a doctor is
           | ready for your virtual visit. 3. If appropriate you get the
           | Rx written. 4. That day, some delivery service will bring you
           | the Rx. 5. Maybe a testing service stops by as well.
           | 
           | Insurance companies should want to participate if it
           | decreases Flu or Covid hospitalization for a reasonable cost.
           | 
           | Anyone want to make this happen? My fall classes are nearly
           | all finished.
           | 
           | Edit: Pharmaceutical companies may wish to partner as well.
           | Lots of avenues for this kind of service to find revenue.
        
         | adventured wrote:
         | From the NY Times:
         | 
         | "The U.S. government has been in negotiations with Pfizer for
         | enough pills for 1.7 million courses of treatment, with an
         | additional option for 3.3 million, according to a senior
         | administration official. That is about the same quantity that
         | the United States has ordered from Merck. The government
         | expects to pay about $700 per treatment course for both drugs,
         | the official said."
         | 
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/05/health/pfizer-covid-pill....
        
         | exogenousdata wrote:
         | Yahoo news[0] and other news sources report significant
         | efficacy even at the 5 day mark.
         | 
         | "Rates were similar for patients treated within five days of
         | symptoms - 1% of the treatment group was hospitalized, compared
         | with 6.7% for the placebo group, which included 10 deaths."
         | 
         | [0] - https://finance.yahoo.com/news/pfizer-says-antiviral-
         | pill-cu...
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | Monoclonal antibody treatments are also commonly administered
         | about 3 days after symptoms onset. They have proven to be
         | somewhat effective in real life, although they still aren't
         | being given to some patients who could potentially benefit.
        
           | apendleton wrote:
           | The monoclonal therapies are also administered by IV in a
           | clinical setting, whereas this can be taken at home and could
           | probably even be delivered. It should be even easier to make
           | it within the three-day window with this treatment.
        
       | docmars wrote:
       | Man, rebranded Ivermectin is pretty great, isn't it? Go figure.
        
         | pjkundert wrote:
         | Ya, too bad there wasn't any reliable, cheap, readily available
         | potent protease inhibitor available before this.
         | 
         | Oh wait...
        
           | moneywoes wrote:
           | I'm unfamiliar
        
             | pjkundert wrote:
             | Ivermectin.
        
       | pezzana wrote:
       | > Pfizer's phase 2/3 trial randomized non-hospitalized adult
       | COVID-19 patients who were at high risk of progressing to severe
       | illness to receive placebo or Paxlovid, a combination of the
       | protease inhibitors PF-07321332 and ritonavir. The efficacy
       | analysis is based on 1,219 patients.
       | 
       | One noteworthy feature is the newness of this drug:
       | 
       | > PF-07321332 was developed from scratch during the current
       | pandemic. It's a reversible covalent inhibitor that reacts with
       | one of the main protease's cysteine residues. Owen [director of
       | medicinal chemistry at Pfizer] also discussed the chemistry
       | involved in scaling up the compound. The first 7 mg of the
       | compound were synthesized in late July 2020. Encouraged by the
       | early biological data, the Pfizer team aimed to scale up the
       | synthesis. By late October, they'd made 100 g of the compound.
       | Just two weeks later, the chemists had scaled up the synthesis to
       | more than 1 kg. Owen said 210 researchers had worked on the
       | project.
       | 
       | https://cen.acs.org/acs-news/acs-meeting-news/Pfizer-unveils...
       | 
       | Less than two years from lab to clinic is highly unusual. If
       | approved, I believe this would be the fastest lab-to-approval for
       | a small molecule drug in the history of the FDA.
        
         | osrec wrote:
         | It's not uncommon for human tragedies to serve as a backdrop
         | for significant scientific progress.
         | 
         | Wars and pandemics seem to be the testbeds for medicine, where
         | people are desperate enough to try anything, and legislation is
         | relaxed accordingly. The biotech companies know this all too
         | well, and take advantage when the opportunity arises.
        
         | ricardobayes wrote:
         | Is anyone familiar how this scaling up process works? To what
         | point can it be scaled up using lab methods, and at which point
         | does it make sense to start making it large-scale?
        
           | ivoras wrote:
           | There was an article specifically which explained that about
           | remdesivir in really clear language but apparently it isn't
           | there anymore.
           | 
           | Here's a scholarly article on the evolution of synthesis:
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8340098/
        
         | UncleOxidant wrote:
         | Development tools help accelerate software development. Better
         | tools help you go faster. This is happening in biotech as well
         | - they're getting some very good development tools.
        
         | HWR_14 wrote:
         | >Less than two years from lab to clinic is highly unusual.
         | 
         | I assume like most other COVID vaccines/treatments, the
         | timeline is shrunk by going straight to more expensive phases
         | of the trial instead of having preliminary ones of escalating
         | cost and confidence. Or at least prepping for them.
         | 
         | For instance, all the vaccines started setting up commercial
         | production around the same time they started trials, because
         | it's not worth the months delay of setting up a production line
         | to determine if it worked first.
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | This has interesting implications when we consider how much
           | money drug companies "should" be paid for inventing important
           | new life-saving medicines.
           | 
           | I frequently hear/read complaints of "that's outrageous [that
           | this medicine costs $X]!"
           | 
           | Well, maybe it is; maybe it isn't, but if you make sure it
           | costs $X/100, I can be pretty sure you'll get less drug R&D.
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | R&D is actually usually done outside of the major drug
             | companies and is funded by the government. So I doubt it
             | really will effect it. And most price hikes lately have
             | been in pre-existing drugs.
             | 
             | It's interesting to note that the Pfizer, AstroZeneca and
             | J&J vaccines were all invented by 3rd parties.
        
               | pfisherman wrote:
               | Early stage R&D is the part that typically happens
               | outside of big pharma, though all the big companies have
               | their own proprietary early stage efforts/portfolios.
               | 
               | Even then govt funded stuff is mostly preclinical. Start
               | ups mostly cover anything from animal studies to phase 1
               | / 2.
               | 
               | Late stage R&D, manufacturing, and marketing is extremely
               | capital intensive and complex and is mostly done by large
               | pharma companies, who either license the asset or enter
               | some sort of partnership with the IP holder. And I am
               | including regulatory approval, demonstrating value to
               | payers, etc under marketing (e.g. it is not just
               | advertising).
        
             | semi-extrinsic wrote:
             | Pharma companies in the US spend about twice as much on
             | advertising as they do on R&D [1]. Recent data compiled by
             | the House Oversight Committee shows the biggest pharma
             | companies spent $56 billion more on stock buybacks and
             | dividends than they did on R&D over the past five years
             | [2]. Very little of the ridiculous prices that US citizens
             | pay for medicine (directly or via insurance) actually goes
             | towards R&D.
             | 
             | [1] https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.13
             | 71/jo...
             | 
             | [2] https://oversight.house.gov/sites/democrats.oversight.h
             | ouse....
        
               | greeneggs wrote:
               | Your first link is from 2008, and analyzes data from
               | 2004. I don't see how this proves anything, or even
               | suggests much, about the industry today.
               | 
               | Your second link shows that the pharma companies spend
               | almost as much on R&D as on stock dividends and buybacks.
               | Is there any other industry that spends as much on R&D?
               | Apple, for instance, seems to be spending ~6x as much on
               | stock buybacks and dividends as on R&D (approximately,
               | based on the first Google hits).
               | 
               | Even your own links contradict your claim that very
               | little goes to R&D.
        
               | ricardobeat wrote:
               | This is not a dick measuring contest. The comment was
               | challenging the notion that pharmaceuticals companies
               | spending the majority of their cash on advertising and
               | stock buybacks is a desired outcome. The specific
               | numbers, especially across industries, are meaningless.
        
               | anamax wrote:
               | Advertising includes drug samples given to doctors, which
               | many/most of them give to patients who can't afford said
               | drugs.
               | 
               | How many of them are you willing to cut off?
        
           | azinman2 wrote:
           | And that was due to the wisdom of operation warpspeed. Trump
           | is under credited for this (whether his idea or not, he could
           | claim it as such). What's shocking to me is that he hasn't
           | been more pro-vax given we have the vaccines we do because of
           | his administration.
        
             | Qub3d wrote:
             | Operation Warp Speed is, to me, an indication of the power
             | of government "intertia". Trump changed a lot of things,
             | and while an uncomfortable amount of the U.S. government
             | seems to run on "tradition" that isn't actually law, after
             | 4 years of unchecked assault it was only at the very end
             | that it really got crazy.
             | 
             | Warp speed is the work of career guys. Not even Fauchi --
             | he was important, but these ideas are put together,
             | presented, and executed by the unknown 9-to-5ers.
        
               | Redoubts wrote:
               | > Operation Warp Speed is, to me, an indication of the
               | power of government "intertia".
               | 
               | We call this the Deep State
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | No need to use a conspiracy theory name for it.
               | 
               | The truth is that any government needs a ton of people to
               | operate properly and you can't change all of them upon
               | election.
               | 
               | Actually, scratch that, you can sort of do that every
               | election/change of government.
               | 
               | Do you know where they do that? Failed states. Failed
               | states change most if not all the government employees
               | upon regime change, to put people from the new regime in
               | their place.
               | 
               | It's an unmitigated disaster, because you also need
               | people other than politicians to do the heavy lifting.
               | And those skills can't always be built up over just 4
               | years, you need more than that. It's dumb to throw them
               | away. Let alone the fact that changing them with the
               | regime means that it's super unlikely you keep the
               | competent people, you just get new loyal folks.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > We call this the Deep State
               | 
               | If by "we" you mean fans of the arbitrary, irresponsible,
               | corrupt patronage-based governance of the spoils system
               | who use the term to denigrate the idea of a professional
               | civil service with loyalty that extends beyond the person
               | of the current chief executive on whom their tenure
               | depends, then, sure, "we" do.
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | I find this whole deep state thing very strange. It's
               | meant to sound ominous, but really it's just a bunch of
               | career diplomates that have worked over many
               | administrations who are the ones that make anything that
               | works, work. We should be doing our best to preserve
               | their knowledge and capability.
        
             | krapp wrote:
             | >What's shocking to me is that he hasn't been more pro-vax
             | given we have the vaccines we do because of his
             | administration.
             | 
             | He made vaccinations a partisan wedge issue to such a
             | degree that he can't afford to walk back from it if he
             | wants to run again in 2024, similar to the Republicans'
             | former position on Obamacare.
        
               | 0x7E3 wrote:
               | That seems a bit revisionist. To my knowledge, Donald
               | Trump was always a vocal supporter of the Covid vaccine.
               | Kamala Harris and Joe Biden were the ones sowing doubt
               | about it - right up until they won the election. Harris,
               | in particular, described Trump as irresponsible for
               | advocating for Project Warpspeed and suggesting that
               | people should take a Covid vaccine before it had gone
               | through the full approval process.
               | 
               | I think you may be getting their personal stances
               | confused with the partisan arguments about vaccine
               | mandates that have evolved in the year since.
        
               | voltaireodactyl wrote:
               | Trump didn't make the vaccine a wedge issue, he made
               | COVID a wedge issue by repeatedly calling it a political
               | lie (which resulted in vaccines becoming a wedge issue).
               | 
               | I suspect the confusion between your perspective and that
               | of the previous commenter is a result of the difficulty
               | Trump experienced in trying to promote a vaccine for an
               | illness he was himself at the same time claiming does not
               | exist.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | felistoria wrote:
             | I think he was recently boo'd at a rally because he told
             | people to get vaccinated.
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | Also one factor slowing some studies has been the need to
           | wait for test cases: you can't infect people with, say, Ebola
           | so you need to wait for enough people in your study cohort to
           | contract it naturally to get enough data to say whether a
           | vaccine candidate is having an impact. During a pandemic,
           | it's sadly easy to hit a statistically-significant number of
           | infections.
        
         | deanCommie wrote:
         | > Less than two years from lab to clinic is highly unusual. If
         | approved, I believe this would be the fastest lab-to-approval
         | for a small molecule drug in the history of the FDA.
         | 
         | It's sad that we all know people are going to use this fact to
         | reject taking this medication while still chugging horse paste.
        
           | a45a33s wrote:
           | "horse paste" has been approved for human use for over 30
           | years. not sure how expecting proper testing for new
           | medicines became some conspiracy theory thing.
        
         | snarf21 wrote:
         | Is the similiarity of COVID-19 to other coronaviruses also a
         | speed up? We are not starting from complete scratch in that
         | case.
        
           | lrem wrote:
           | Aren't we? I thought that until SARS the scientific consensus
           | was that coronaviruses are not interesting. And SARS died out
           | too quickly to achieve much. But I might have not paid enough
           | attention.
        
       | tasogare wrote:
       | Glad I waited instead of taking part in an experiment trial.
       | There was an "easy" solution after all... I wonder what is the
       | gotcha though, since it's a Pfizer study. Maybe something like
       | selling a known molecule 10 times more expensive than before
       | after rebranding it for the new usage?
        
         | ralmeida wrote:
         | Why is this drug less experimental than the vaccines?
        
           | cies wrote:
           | mRNA treatment is now also called a vaccine. That type of
           | treatment has never been used on the general population until
           | c19 came along and testing standards were reduced. It is a
           | very interesting type of new treatment, but we lack long term
           | data to say it's truly safe.
           | 
           | Same can be said for any patented-molecule treatment. But
           | that's just a new type of molecule, not a whole other type of
           | treatment. Hence I'd say that molecule-drugs are less
           | experimental than mRNA-vaccine jabs.
        
             | ralmeida wrote:
             | Wikipedia defines "vaccine" as _" a biological preparation
             | that provides active acquired immunity to a particular
             | infectious disease"_, which in my view would fit the
             | Pfizer/Moderna shots. Which definition of "vaccine" do you
             | subscribe to that these "treatments" don't fit into?
             | 
             | Also, mRNA is not the only type of vaccine for COVID.
             | 
             | Finally, two more questions: would you clarify which
             | definition of "experimental" you subscribe to? And do you
             | have a source for "testing standards were reduced"?
        
             | woodruffw wrote:
             | This isn't meant to be a jab or insinuation about you in
             | particular, but: what about an Adenovirus vaccine? You can
             | still (AFAIK) get the J&J vaccine in the US, and the AZ
             | vaccine in most of the rest of the world.
             | 
             | I'd argue that mRNA vaccine development represents the
             | _most_ rigorous that the field of vaccinology has ever
             | been, but those (Adenovirus) vaccines use a well tested,
             | not-previously-experimental delivery technology. Do you
             | have an objection to them?
        
           | tinus_hn wrote:
           | That is a valid question but another thing to note is that
           | you wouldn't be giving this drug to the vast majority of
           | people who do not get any symptoms from a Covid-19 infection.
           | Nor would you be forcing people to take this drug.
        
             | ralmeida wrote:
             | Which is a fair viewpoint from the societal level, but not
             | as much for the individual level, which was implied in the
             | parent message - i.e. how can "I'll take experimental
             | treatment B instead of experimental treatment A" be an
             | argument for not taking experimental treatments in general?
        
               | unanswered wrote:
               | For an individual, the antiviral is better because it
               | means they don't need to take the vaccine with any
               | possible risks, however small, up front. Yes once an
               | individual become symptomatic with covid-19, they're
               | forced to be exposed to one of the risks, but at that
               | point the antiviral is the only choice. In short, it
               | allows an individual to delay taking the unknown risk
               | until there's an actual known downside to not taking it;
               | i.e. unmitigated covid symptoms. Most people will never
               | be exposed to that downside anyways.
        
               | ralmeida wrote:
               | From a "reducing my risk of dying" perspective, you'd
               | have to balance the risk of dying from taking the vaccine
               | vs the risk of dying from COVID with zero treatments, one
               | treatment, or both treatments.
               | 
               | The numbers could lean either way and would be _very_
               | sensitive to variations in the probabilities involved - I
               | 'm sure it would be very hard to reach any form of
               | consensus on "probability of dying from taking the
               | vaccine". It's also worth addressing wasn't even making
               | the point of which (so-called) experimental treatment has
               | a better likely outcome but rather addressing criticism
               | at (so-called) experimental treatments in general.
               | 
               | From an "unknown risk" perspective, you'd also have to
               | consider that _COVID itself_ could have yet-unknown long-
               | term risks.
        
               | unanswered wrote:
               | > From an "unknown risk" perspective, you'd also have to
               | consider that COVID itself could have yet-unknown long-
               | term risks.
               | 
               | That would not factor into a correct analysis: the
               | unknown risks of covid are the same whether or not you
               | get vaccinated (or any other treatment) because by
               | definition the vaccine has not been shown to mitigate the
               | unknown risks.
        
               | tinus_hn wrote:
               | Imagine both the vaccine and the drug offer the same
               | protection, and both come with a risk of 0.00001 that you
               | will die from taking it.
               | 
               | Considering not everyone who gets infected gets symptoms,
               | would it be illogical to not take the vaccine, just in
               | case you get infected and get symptoms, but to take the
               | drug once you do get infected and get symptoms?
        
               | ralmeida wrote:
               | It wouldn't be necessarily illogical but would still
               | qualify as "taking part in an experiment trial", as put
               | by the parent post.
               | 
               | To determine if this is a rational strategy or not, we'd
               | have to get real numbers (is it really likely that 1 in
               | 100k people die _from_ taking the vaccine?), and compare
               | that against the reduction in probability of dying from
               | COVID by even _combining both treatments_.
        
               | tinus_hn wrote:
               | It is still possible to take rational decisions in the
               | face of unknowns. Just like you probably decided, in your
               | opinion rationally, to take the vaccine even though there
               | really isn't a whole lot of data available as they are
               | pretty new.
               | 
               | And please, I just made up these numbers to answer the
               | posed question:
               | 
               | > how can "I'll take experimental treatment B instead of
               | experimental treatment A" be an argument
        
       | roenxi wrote:
       | > This is a completely novel molecule...
       | 
       | Then do we understand the risk profile of this thing? That sounds
       | like the sort of innovation that people would want to be at the
       | back of the queue for.
       | 
       | Side effects don't have to happen in the next 6 months.
        
         | wbl wrote:
         | This isn't a chronic exposure kind of drug where you really
         | care about those things. This is a horse pill where safety is
         | pretty directly measurable in a short time.
        
         | ricardobayes wrote:
         | Why do I feel like this will be the new mouthpiece for
         | antivaxxers?
        
         | peakaboo wrote:
         | I'm not touching any Pfizer drugs with a 10 foot pole. I guess
         | I'm one of the few actually wise humans left.
        
           | wonderwonder wrote:
           | Interesting. From a quick google search: Pfizer brands
           | include Advil, Bextra, Celebrex, Diflucan, Lyrica, Robitussin
           | and Viagra
           | 
           | You never take an advil?
        
             | darthvoldemort wrote:
             | Pfizer also made Celebrex, the anti-inflammatory that they
             | knew caused health issues but they buried them and claimed
             | it was safe.
             | 
             | We are living in an upside down world now. All of a sudden
             | the drug companies are the "good" guys. Since when did the
             | drug companies suddenly become the heroes?
             | 
             | https://corporatewatch.org/pfizer-six-scandals-to-remember/
             | 
             | 1986: Pfizer had to withdraw an artificial heart valve from
             | the market after defects led to it being implicated in over
             | 300 deaths. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
             | withdrew its approval for the product in 1986 and Pfizer
             | agreed to pay hundreds of millions of dollars in
             | compensation after multiple lawsuits were brought against
             | it.
             | 
             | 2003: Pfizer has long been condemned for profiteering from
             | AIDS drugs. In 2003 for example, it walked away from a
             | licencing deal for its Rescriptor drug that would have made
             | it cheaper for poorer countries.
             | 
             | 2011: Pfizer was forced to pay compensation to families of
             | children killed in the controversial Trovan drug trial.
             | During the worst meningitis epidemic seen in Africa, in
             | 1996, Pfizer ran a trial in Nigeria their new drug Trovan.
             | Five of the 100 children who took Trovan died and it caused
             | liver damage, while it caused lifelong disabilities in
             | those who survived. But another group of 100 children were
             | given the conventional "gold standard" meningitis
             | antibiotic as a "control" group for comparison. Six of them
             | also tragically died because, the families said, Pfizer had
             | given them less than the recommended level of the
             | conventional antibiotic in order to make Trovan look more
             | effective.
             | 
             | 2012: Pfizer had to pay around $1billion to settle lawsuits
             | claiming its Prempro drug caused breast cancer. Prempro was
             | used in hormone replacement therapy, usually for women
             | going through the menopause. The settlements came after six
             | years of trials and hardship for the women affected.
             | 
             | 2013: Pfizer paid out $273 million to settle over 2,000
             | cases in the US that accused its smoking treatment drug
             | Chantix of provoking suicidal and homicidal thoughts, self
             | harm and severe psychological disorders. Pfizer was also
             | accused of improperly excluding patients with a history of
             | depression or other mental disturbances from trials for the
             | drug. Later, in 2017, a coroner in Australia ruled that the
             | drug had contributed to a man's suicide. The man's mother
             | campaigned to change the label on the drug.
             | 
             | 2020: Pfizer reached an agreement with thousands of
             | customers of its depo-testosterone drug in 2018 after they
             | sued it for increasing the likelihood of numerous issues,
             | including heart attacks.
        
               | DownGoat wrote:
               | And if Pfizer fucked up the covid-19 vaccine, one of 20
               | other alternatives would gladly inform the public and
               | remove a competitor from the market. That's the great
               | thing about having so many alternatives for the covid-19
               | vaccine, all of them can gain an advantage by pointing
               | out that a competitor's vaccine does not work.
        
           | dbsmith83 wrote:
           | Honestly, if you don't want to take any Pfizer drugs, nobody
           | cares. More for the rest of us
        
           | jjuel wrote:
           | So if you get strep throat you are going to turn down the
           | Z-pack?
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | The first line treatment for strep throat is penicillin or
             | amoxicillin. Z-pack (Azithromycin) would typically only be
             | used in case of a penicillin allergy, or maybe resistant
             | bacteria.
             | 
             | https://www.goodrx.com/blog/z-packs-still-good-for-
             | infection...
        
           | yosito wrote:
           | There is selection pressure against your type of actually
           | wise human.
        
         | jjuel wrote:
         | Pretty sure we don't understand the long term risk of getting
         | COVID either right? I mean it has not even been around for 2
         | years. Plus we do know it is possible only 1 infection would
         | kill you.
        
           | b0tzzzzzzman wrote:
           | Or injection, bias is an odd thing.
        
           | bordercases wrote:
           | Ransoming one kind of ignorance for another, based off the
           | impact one risk has over another, is Pascal's Wager, not
           | knowledge.
        
           | lettergram wrote:
           | That's a straw man argument, when you take this drug you
           | already have 100% covid19. Presumably that means you'll have
           | that risk, plus additional unknown risk. Perhaps the drug
           | works like advertised, but we've seen better and more
           | successful studies for things like ivermectin and anti-body
           | treatments. Which have a known risk profile.
           | 
           | It's the same for the vaccine. You still have the risk of
           | what ever the vaccine risk is, PLUS covid19. Supposedly it
           | reduces the covid19 symptoms, but doesn't reduce risk of
           | infection (or at least unclear), it just improves the immune
           | response.
        
             | woodruffw wrote:
             | This is a strange additive error to make: proactive or
             | reactive treatments for COVID-19 don't produce additive
             | unknowns in the presence of a COVID-19 infection, since
             | their _entire_ purpose is to improve healthcare outcomes
             | (whether by reducing infection severity or incidence
             | altogether).
        
             | davidw wrote:
             | > Presumably that means you'll have that risk,
             | 
             | But greatly improves the odds of not dying, which is pretty
             | important for a lot of people.
        
             | ashleyn wrote:
             | The long term risks for either is not knowable.
             | 
             | Hospitalisation is an acute scenario that can lead to
             | death, negating any concerns about the long-term in the
             | first place. The _short_ term risk of hospitalisation in
             | the unvaccinated versus the vaccinated is well-known. Given
             | what we know, it still makes sense to get vaccinated, and
             | it may make sense for those at risk of hospitalisation
             | (vaccinated or otherwise) to take an antiviral proven to
             | cut the risk of hospitalisation.
        
               | DownGoat wrote:
               | Actually the long term risk of the covid-19 vaccines is
               | well understood. You will not get a side effect from the
               | vaccines in a year from now. For all of the vaccines
               | created for any disease, the longest recorded period
               | between taking the vaccine and side effects presenting is
               | 6 weeks. 3.1 billion people are fully vaccinated for
               | covid-19, many of them have been for longer than 6 weeks.
        
               | penultimatebro wrote:
               | Ha ha, funny satire.
               | 
               | Wait, reading this again... you're serious?
               | 
               | So do you have an actual time machine and can go to the
               | future and know side effects a year from now?
               | 
               | The long term effects are unknowable. This mRNA
               | technology is brand new so please don't compare that to a
               | traditional vaccine.
        
               | kickopotomus wrote:
               | The technology is not brand new. It has been used in labs
               | for decades. This is just the first time it has been used
               | in a drug for humans. All traces of the vaccine leave
               | your body within days of receiving the shot.
        
               | Seredo wrote:
               | In Norway, some children developed narcolepsy after being
               | vaccinated with Pandemrix. The average time from vaccine
               | (or influensa) until developing narcolepsy was 8 months.
               | 
               | https://www.fhi.no/nyheter/2017/pandemi/ (in norwegian)
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | > You will not get a side effect from the vaccines in a
               | year from now
               | 
               | There are possible severe negative effects due to
               | vaccination, even if there are zero medical side effects.
               | Herd vulnerability could cause widespread harm - there is
               | a monoculture of immune responses and monocultures have
               | vulnerabilities. I agree it's unlikely to have severe
               | long term downsides, and the short-term gains are very
               | significant. Note that I'm mostly pro vaccination.
        
               | apineda wrote:
               | I understand what well understood means but typically
               | that also involves long term human clinical trials, and
               | for a good reason.
        
             | spazrunaway wrote:
             | Data shows that being vaccinated divides your odds of dying
             | and being hospitalized from covid by about 10. There's no
             | evidence I'm aware of showing that the vaccines create
             | additional risk anywhere close to outweighing that benefit.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Don't mistake relative risk for absolute risk. Not
               | everyone who is vaccinated gets Covid, but everyone
               | vaccinated is at risk of vaccine side effects.
               | 
               | If a 30 year old has a 0.08% chance of hospitalization,
               | the risk drops to 0.008%. But they might stand a 1 in 5
               | chance of getting infected so now it's 0.016% to 0.0016%.
               | 
               | But if they get injected with a vaccine, the risk of a
               | rare side effect might be 1 in 100,000 or 0.001% which is
               | pretty similar to Covid.
               | 
               | It's the same analysis the UK did that caused them to
               | recommend against the AZ vaccine for certain age groups.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Your numbers are way off. The CDC estimated the
               | hospitalization rate in the 18-49 age group at 3%.
               | 
               | https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-
               | updates/burd...
        
               | adamiscool8 wrote:
               | Super skewed by the cohort they cobbled together. Look at
               | the COVIDNet data for the decile age bands of
               | hospitalization at peak waves: [0]
               | 
               | >18-29: 5/100000 = 0.05%
               | 
               | >30-39: 10/100000 = 0.1%
               | 
               | >40-49: 14/100000 = 0.14%
               | 
               | I would ask why our agencies keep doing things like this
               | and burning trust, but it's rhetorical.
               | 
               | [0] https://gis.cdc.gov/grasp/COVIDNet/COVID19_3.html
        
               | spazrunaway wrote:
               | You're comparing completely different statistics. The 3%
               | is the infection hospitalization rate; in other words,
               | the odds of being hospitalized once infected. The rates
               | from your source are the total number of people per 100k
               | who are hospitalized for covid in a given week; it does
               | _not_ mean they only have a .05% chance of being
               | hospitalized once infected, it means .05% of the entire
               | age cohort are hospitalized from covid that week.
        
               | adamiscool8 wrote:
               | edit2: actually, I see the denominator there is _total
               | population_ not _cases_ but I still don 't follow.
               | 
               | There have been 19,850,744 cases in 18-49 year olds [0]
               | and 63,207 hospitalizations [1] which suggests at 0.3%
               | infection hospitalization rate..
               | 
               | [0] https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-
               | tracker/#demographics
               | 
               | [1] https://gis.cdc.gov/grasp/COVIDNet/COVID19_5.html#vir
               | usTypeD...
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Dying, not hospitalization.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Nope. Look at the data again. The risk of dying from an
               | infection in the 18-49 age group is 0.06%. The risk of
               | hospitalization from an infection in that age group is
               | 3%; you claimed 0.08% which is wrong by two orders of
               | magnitude.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Huh? 0.06% and 0.08% are 2 orders of magnitude different?
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Are you being intentionally dense? Your original comment
               | claimed a 0.08% hospitalization rate. The actual
               | hospitalization rate is closer to 3%.
        
               | trident5000 wrote:
               | 18-49...could that age gap be any wider. A 20 year old is
               | going to deal with Covid quite a bit differently than a
               | 40 year old.
        
               | morsch wrote:
               | I think 1 in 5 is very optimistic. Unless you intend to
               | remove yourself from society, you are very likely to
               | catch Sars-Cov-2 in the upcoming years. Probably more
               | than once. It's endemic and easily transmittable.
        
               | allturtles wrote:
               | In the long run, everyone will get Covid (though many may
               | be asymptomatic). It's not going away.
        
               | gfodor wrote:
               | There is. Because kids (basically) don't die from COVID.
               | The side effect risk, while small, is material in a risk
               | calculation for them, since their entire risk from the
               | disease is small. At a minimum, mandating it for kids (as
               | is openly stated to be the plan in CA) is unethical.
        
               | EvanAnderson wrote:
               | Can you point me in the direction of studies comparing
               | side effect risks for young children against COVID-19
               | risks for children? Presumably there's such a thing that
               | you're basing your opinion on. I would find that useful,
               | given that I have an 8 y/o who is now vaccine-eligible
               | and her mother and I are discussing.
        
               | angelzen wrote:
               | There is one in the Pfizer application for FDA
               | authorization in 5-11 age group, see Table 14, page 34.
               | It is not a direct study, it's an extrapolation based on
               | antigen titers in a 2000 kid 2 months clinical trial, but
               | it's the only one I am aware of.
               | 
               | https://www.fda.gov/media/153447/download
        
               | gfodor wrote:
               | CDC admits that there has been severe cardiac damage to
               | young people from the mRNA vaccines.
               | 
               | This leads to an obvious series of questions: just how
               | dangerous _is_ COVID for children? What mechanism is
               | causing this heart damage? Could heart damage be
               | happening without diagnosis, and manifest later? In a
               | year, will we be able to fix this problem with the
               | vaccines, or have protocols to prevent it? Are the
               | vaccines more likely to cause permanent damage in
               | children, than COVID, as opposed to temporary health
               | problems? Are the non-mRNA vaccines completely de-risked
               | from the proposition from causing permanent harm to
               | children? Will CDC guidance in a year guide parents away
               | from mRNA vaccines and towards different ones? Is there a
               | correlating variable we will discover so we know which
               | specific population of children would get heart damage
               | from this? Etc.
               | 
               | https://twitter.com/cdcgov/status/1306689138612203520
               | 
               | More recent paper I found: https://www.ahajournals.org/do
               | i/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.0...
               | 
               | More questions: given this known to manifest in younger
               | people, could it imply that age is _inversely_ correlated
               | with frequency? Will young children be less likely to
               | report or articulate symptoms, even if they have
               | increased risk? Given it seems sex coupled, is there an
               | underlying variable correlated with sex that is a root
               | cause we will soon understand, resulting in a vast risk
               | reduction for parents who will be able to know if their
               | children apply?
               | 
               | People claiming you can know if vaccination is a good
               | idea or not for your kids have primitive mental models:
               | the choice isn't to vaccinate or not vaccinate, but
               | vaccinate now or (maybe) vaccinate later. When something
               | is risk laden on both sides and is a dynamic system, the
               | smart choice may be to wait if the marginal de-risking
               | per unit time is high.
               | 
               | My personal view is that wrt children taking mRNA
               | vaccines, there's basically close to free "money on the
               | table" - wait a few months. If you've avoided COVID until
               | now, its pretty unlikely your kids will catch it,
               | nevermind be unlucky enough to get a severe case, which
               | is extremely unlikely. On the other hand, it could turn
               | out in a few months we identify the root cause of the
               | heart issues of the vaccines, or alternative vaccines
               | become available that de-risk it entirely. In any case,
               | personal views aside, it's incredibly immoral to mandate
               | this for schools, and it wouldn't surprise me if CA does
               | this before we fully understand what is going on.
        
               | jjuel wrote:
               | So that link you sent says there is 12.6 instances per
               | million doses. So that is 0.00126% chance of happening.
               | This article from March mentions around 22 per 100,000
               | chance from getting COVID. Much larger incidence rate.
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7988375/ Now
               | obviously might not be the same age ranges or such, but I
               | do know last year the Big-10 almost cancelled it's
               | football season due to myocarditis risk from COVID so
               | clearly it has been an issue for a while. Might need to
               | weigh that in the decision you make for your children.
               | Too many people look for one side and use that to prove
               | their point otherwise know as confirmation bias. I would
               | study the incidence of both sides of this before making
               | the decision. Although my children are less than 5 so
               | they can't get it yet anyway.
        
               | gfodor wrote:
               | Here's the problem with those stats.
               | 
               | First, if this has a mechanism which is damaging heart
               | tissue, the diagnosed cases may just be the ones which
               | are manifesting severely enough to the point of getting
               | to through the entire funnel of a diagnosis. The actual
               | blast radius may be much larger, and only result in
               | problems later in life. Especially for children whose
               | hearts are developing, it is extremely risky to
               | administer a drug which we know has the capacity to
               | damage heart muscle and we do not yet understand why and
               | have a handle on the expected distribution of that damage
               | across the whole population.
               | 
               | Second, the stat you mention on COVID is misleading,
               | because a) it is a broad age group, my concern is
               | primarily in the very young, many of whom are now being
               | vaccinated in the US, and b) it is _conditional_ on a
               | positive COVID test. Many, many young children are
               | contracting COVID and not developing symptoms or are not
               | getting severe enough infections to get through the
               | funnel of being determined to be a positive case. So the
               | incidence rate you mention is effectively a meaningless
               | number if you account for these two elements.
               | 
               | Based on our current understanding, it could very well
               | turn out that the data we have now is consistent with a
               | situation where eg, the vaccine administered to 5-6 year
               | olds is in fact damaging their hearts with a sizable %
               | liklihood, and their risk of having such kinds of
               | permanent damage to their bodies from COVID (across the
               | entire funnel, beginning at a non-infection) is much
               | lower. I'm not sure of the liklihood of this reality, but
               | it's not zero. We just don't know yet.
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | The abstract from your linked paper seems to indicate the
               | risk is minimal.
               | 
               | >According to the US Centers for Disease Control and
               | Prevention, myocarditis/pericarditis rates are [?]12.6
               | cases per million doses of second-dose mRNA vaccine among
               | individuals 12 to 39 years of age
               | 
               | That's a 0.0013% chance of getting something that "almost
               | all" patients had resolution of with or without
               | treatment:
               | 
               | >Almost all patients had resolution of symptoms and signs
               | and improvement in diagnostic markers and imaging with or
               | without treatment. Despite rare cases of myocarditis, the
               | benefit-risk assessment for COVID-19 vaccination shows a
               | favorable balance for all age and sex groups; therefore,
               | COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for everyone >=12
               | years of age.
        
               | Latty wrote:
               | This argument makes no sense.
               | 
               | Even if we completely ignore that some children do in
               | fact die (being rare doesn't stop it being terrible when
               | it happens and worth avoiding), and that even if they
               | don't, suffering while ill is bad: when we are talking
               | about risks of completely unknown side effects, the side
               | effect risk of the vaccine is obviously lower than the
               | side effect risk of COVID itself.
               | 
               | The vaccine is relatively simple thing specifically
               | designed to do one task. While there is _always_ a chance
               | there is something we didn 't understand or see coming,
               | the chance of a virus, a hugely complex and mutating
               | thing with broad and varied effects, having some long-
               | term side-effect is _far_ , _far_ higher.
        
               | mattbuilds wrote:
               | It's obvious to you because you are following a logical
               | train of thought. These antivax people always do the same
               | nonsense argument. It goes, COVID has risks and vaccines
               | have risks, therefore it's impossible to know which is
               | worse. It's literally the dril drunk driving tweet[1].
               | 
               | [1] https://twitter.com/dril/status/464802196060917762?la
               | ng=en
        
               | gfodor wrote:
               | I'm not anti-vax, the logical train of thought you are
               | incapable of yourself is based on the very factual
               | reality that COVID presents highly variable risk to
               | people based on their age. This, in combination with the
               | known risks of the vaccine, in combination with the
               | _extremely_ early stage of wide-scale deployment of the
               | vaccine in children, in combination with Hippocratic
               | principles, in combination with risk-adjusted thinking,
               | leads to the conclusions that no, it is not completely
               | obvious if a parent should make an appointment for their
               | 5 year old to get a medicine EUA authorized a week ago.
               | 
               | Besides, if you're so smart, and it's so obvious, why do
               | you think you're smart enough to state that Sweden, a
               | modern country, is objectively wrong for banning mRNA
               | vaccines for children?
               | 
               | In any case, my primary point was that it should be up to
               | parents if they give their kids this vaccine, and when.
               | Not the government mandating it.
        
               | abakker wrote:
               | I mostly agree with you. I think the nuance that is
               | missing here is that the degree of risk is different.
               | 
               | We know the degree of risk from vaccines is low, both in
               | the short and long term. The side effects harm few
               | people, and are not catastrophic.
               | 
               | With viruses, we know that side effects in the long term
               | are real, and can be catastrophic. It is the _reason_
               | that girl are vaccinated against HPV - HPV is the leading
               | cause of cervical cancer. This is a very big problem down
               | the line, even though HPV itself is mostly asymptomatic.
               | 
               | So, it does not follow that avoiding Covid vaccine for
               | children because the immediate likelihood of death from
               | acute covid is the only issue. We are aware that the long
               | term risk of viral infection can be very great with
               | viruses. Avoiding infection is much better if the
               | alternative is the possibility of cancer.
        
               | gfodor wrote:
               | > So, it does not follow that avoiding Covid vaccine for
               | children because the immediate likelihood of death from
               | acute covid is the only issue.
               | 
               | I never said it was the only issue. But neither is the
               | only choice to give your kids the current approved
               | vaccines ASAP or never give the vaccine to them ever.
               | 
               | Avoiding infection is much better if the alternative is
               | the possibility of cancer. But of course, we don't know
               | or plausibly think something like cancer is a long term
               | risk of a COVID infection in children. Maybe one day we
               | will realize such outcomes happen and then it would
               | become much more sane to rush your kids to get the
               | vaccine that day.
               | 
               | I think it's important to stick to what we know, about
               | this virus, and these vaccines: we know that it is
               | extremely rare for children to be hospitalized from
               | COVID, and we know that it is extremely rare for
               | diagnosed myocarditis. But what we also know is that as
               | time goes on, we learn more. And especially for things
               | where are _very_ new, like using these vaccines have on
               | children, we stand to learn a lot, quickly. So I think it
               | 's a bad frame to presume parents are pro- or anti- vax.
               | Hesitancy is sane on this specific issue, and that's not
               | to mean that other positions are _insane_ , but what is
               | insane is to impose this on parents who are hesitant at
               | this present time, until we understand what, exactly, is
               | going on with heart tissue.
        
               | miles wrote:
               | > Even if we completely ignore that some children do in
               | fact die ... the side effect risk of the vaccine is
               | obviously lower than the side effect risk of COVID
               | itself.
               | 
               |  _Why COVID-19 Vaccines Should Not Be Required for All
               | Americans_ https://www.usnews.com/news/national-news/why-
               | covid-19-vacci...
               | 
               | > Dr. Marty Makary, a professor at Johns Hopkins
               | University School of Medicine and editor in chief of
               | MedPage Today, argues that mandating vaccines for "every
               | living, walking American" is, as of now, not well-
               | supported by science. ... The risk of hospitalization
               | from COVID-19 in kids ages 5 to 17 is 0.3 per million for
               | the week ending July 24, 2021, according to the Centers
               | for Disease Control and Prevention. We also know that the
               | risk of hospitalization after the second vaccine dose due
               | to myocarditis, or inflammation of the heart muscle, is
               | about 50 per million in that same age group.
        
               | consp wrote:
               | Considering they then become the primary host and
               | spreader to all others there definitely is ethics
               | involved in giving it to them.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | We have not seen better and more successful studies for
             | ivermectin, we have seen a lot of studies that find it does
             | next to nothing, and a few deeply fraudulent studies that
             | finds that it solves world hunger.
             | 
             | It's a strange day when people argue against evaluating a
             | new medicine, in favour of snake oil that doesn't work.
             | 
             | Given that you think that it's unclear that vaccines reduce
             | the rate and seriousness of COVID, I am not sure that your
             | have a good enough understanding of the ground facts to
             | have an informed opinion on this subject.
        
               | pjkundert wrote:
               | Wow. I always wonder when I hear comments this.
               | 
               | Check out https://c19early.com (specifically,
               | https://c19ivermectin.com/).
        
             | nextaccountic wrote:
             | This drug might actually save the patient from the risk of
             | dying from covid. It would be the same for the vaccine: the
             | vaccines reduce the risk from dying.
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | > Presumably that means you'll have that risk, plus
             | additional unknown risk.
             | 
             | That's a bad argument. This makes COVID less severe, which
             | in turn makes the long-term affects less severe. Things in
             | medicine are rarely binary.
        
               | lettergram wrote:
               | We don't actually know if it makes the long term risk
               | less severe or more severe. We don't have the data.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We detached this subthread from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29119057.
        
         | matsemann wrote:
         | If the consequence of not taking it is death, I think people
         | would run to the front of the queue, though.
        
           | peakaboo wrote:
           | If you watch the mass media, that's the impression they love
           | to give, yup. :)
        
           | blackbear_ wrote:
           | Soo, kinda like for a vaccine?
           | 
           | (And to clarify what I am saying, even though the vaccine
           | does prevent death, there is still considerable push back.
           | Not sure why it will be different for this drug)
        
             | mostertoaster wrote:
             | Oh I think it will be gladly accepted by unvaccinated folk.
             | The reason being is most unvaccinated people don't believe
             | it isn't effective, they don't like being forced to protect
             | themselves by a bunch of moral busybodies.
             | 
             | I just accepted as soon as we saw that covid was spreading
             | so quickly, welp I'm gonna get that. I figured I wouldn't
             | be that affected by it and wasn't.
             | 
             | Our parents said, well if I get it I get it, and if I die,
             | I die, now let me see my grandkids. When the vaccine came
             | out they were like sweet I'll get it, can we stop these
             | stupid mask wearing and social distancing crap. No, we
             | can't. So now us younger folk who aren't afraid of covid
             | aren't getting vaccinated because we're being forced to,
             | and they're going to keep up all the stupid rules like
             | wearing masks everywhere anyways.
             | 
             | An anti viral drug that is this effective gives even less
             | reason to have any mandates around vaccines, so
             | unvaccinated people will cheer this.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | Nice story.
               | 
               | Meanwhile at least 5 million are dead - 750,000 in the US
               | alone.
               | 
               | How does your story help their families?
        
               | penultimatebro wrote:
               | Important question:
               | 
               | Did they die from COVID-19 or did they with COVID-19?
               | 
               | Italy just revised their numbers and it's quite a
               | significant difference.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | It's better to look at excess deaths since testing is so
               | haphazard in much of the world. Current estimates are
               | between 10-15m excess deaths world wide.
        
               | xkbarkar wrote:
               | Excess deaths are not an anomaly to begin with. Year 2000
               | saw excess deaths, so did 2014.
               | 
               | Also, when you have deliberatly forced an additional 150
               | million people into extreme poverty to keep them healthy
               | ( as it were ), you are bound to see a spike in deaths.
               | 
               | Frankly I am surprised the death toll of the brutal
               | restrictions toward marginalized populations is not
               | higher.
               | 
               | I suspect we will soon reap the dubious benefits of
               | undoing 35 years of 3rd world progress in 22 months.
               | 
               | 6 months ago I still cared. Now I am just numb.
               | 
               | Reduced from human being with rights, to a piece of
               | diseased flesh that must be muffled, silenced, tested,
               | regularily injected with one experimental drug after the
               | other and preferably locked up for eternity.
               | 
               | To add to it, I must feel a sende of pride in partaking
               | in this. Because it is the holy science.
               | 
               | My very existence is inconvenient to the experts.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | Must be hard keeping your head up when you're swimming in
               | such deep drama. You don't appear to understand what
               | excess deaths mean; it means deaths over what previous
               | trends would predict.
               | 
               | Here are some links to challenge your statements:
               | 
               | https://www.bmj.com/content/375/bmj-2021-066768
               | 
               | https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/coronavirus-
               | excess-...
               | 
               | I would post more, but I'm sure that you're capable of
               | using Google.
               | 
               | 150m pushed into extreme poverty? If you mean the US,
               | your facts are wrong. And then you pivot to the "death
               | toll of brutal restrictions"? What is this nonsense?
               | 
               | You've been muffled - Oh wow, wearing a mask is just
               | torture.
               | 
               | You've been silenced - Hmm, not sure what this nonsense
               | is about.
               | 
               | Tested - Yup. As part of an ongoing pandemic, yup. If you
               | can't live in civil society and agree to give up some
               | small freedoms, buy land in Alaska and live in a cabin.
               | 
               | "regularily injected" - A) the drug wasn't experimental,
               | and B) it was primarily two doses. That's not
               | regularly...
               | 
               | "preferably locked up for eternity" - wow, that's exactly
               | what my daughter said when I grounded her last week.
               | 
               | Do you realize how ridiculous this sounds to people? How
               | absolutely childish and selfish? This is why a huge
               | portion of the US is just fed up with anti-vaxxers.
        
               | mostertoaster wrote:
               | I don't think it helps their families. You know what does
               | though, vaccines and this new anti-viral.
               | 
               | So can I live my life and worry about own family and not
               | someone's I don't know?
        
               | imajoredinecon wrote:
               | > So can I live my life and worry about own family and
               | not someone's I don't know?
               | 
               | Unfortunately, no. We live in a society where sometimes
               | we have to take collective action to prevent collective
               | harm. Taking personally inconvenient measures to help
               | fight an epidemic is a prime example.
        
               | tdfx wrote:
               | And when you give a central authority permission to
               | dictate these "inconvenient measures" to the population,
               | what is the recourse when those authorities act in a
               | contradictory, dishonest, or incompetent manner?
        
               | blacksqr wrote:
               | In a democracy, voting.
        
               | caeril wrote:
               | Except, no.
               | 
               | Two important considerations:
               | 
               | 1. The vaccine is extraordinarily effective at mitigating
               | risk of hospitalization and death.
               | 
               | 2. No current COVID vaccines are sterilizing. Vaccination
               | confers only marginal reduction in ability to carry and
               | transmit the virus (and even this, mainly due to
               | duration, not due to viral load).
               | 
               | Taken together, the "get vaccinated to protect me" canard
               | is insane. I don't care if other people are vaccinated or
               | not, because I am. Any other position is political, not
               | scientific.
               | 
               | There is a minor argument to be had over the (tiny)
               | immunocompromised population, but it's important to bear
               | in mind that this population _already does_ conduct their
               | lives with isolation, antiviral, antibacterial, and other
               | safety protocols regardless of COVID. They did it before
               | the pandemic, and they will after. Nothing changes for
               | them regardless of vaccine uptake rates.
        
               | mostertoaster wrote:
               | Oh so you're the one who insists we keep taking shoes off
               | at the airport, and throw our toothpaste that might be a
               | bomb into the trash receptacle next to the crowd of
               | people.
               | 
               | Yes there are collective actions we take, and the first
               | two weeks of covid response might've been justified. But
               | nothing since then. Maybe having to get tested to get on
               | a plane.
               | 
               | Natural immunity does lower your chances, but you're
               | saying nope for the collective good (the good you've
               | decided on) you must do xyz.
               | 
               | Bull crap. The emperor has no clothes.
        
               | MisterMower wrote:
               | Help me understand the limiting principle in that logic.
               | What prevents particularly egregious abuses of personal
               | liberty using this as a pretext?
               | 
               | For example, people might get struck by lightning walking
               | by your house, so we must force you to install a
               | lightening rod on your house to protect the collective.
               | 
               | Where does it stop, and how do you make that
               | determination?
        
               | epicide wrote:
               | The lightning example isn't really analogous. Sure, one
               | or two people might get struck by lightning, but they're
               | not then going to continue spreading lightning strikes
               | once they leave my house. Moreso, those (non-existent)
               | spreadable lightning strikes aren't going to mutate to
               | get worse as they propagate.
               | 
               | There isn't an easy or obvious answer to where it stops
               | and how to determine that, but that goes both ways. We
               | can't just have zero laws for fear that the laws might
               | overextend themselves.
               | 
               | Unfortunately, we have to deal with nuance either way.
        
               | BoxOfRain wrote:
               | >The reason being is most unvaccinated people don't
               | believe it isn't effective, they don't like being forced
               | to protect themselves by a bunch of moral busybodies.
               | 
               | I think this is something that's very understated in
               | public discussion around COVID-19, I got vaccinated
               | because I weighed up the odds and thought it made sense
               | from both a social and a personal cost/benefit
               | perspective. I didn't get vaccinated because I was gaslit
               | into it by the government's "nudges", nor did I get it
               | because I was nagged or shamed into it by those who can't
               | keep their noses out of other people's business. There's
               | few things I dislike more in a person than a Puritan
               | wagging finger, yet all the messaging around the pandemic
               | was nothing but wagging fingers.
               | 
               | People don't like being manipulated, even if it's "for
               | their own good" or even "for the greater good". People
               | aren't stupid either, they know when authority figures
               | aren't being entirely upfront with them. As well-
               | intentioned as the measures were, the institutions who
               | imposed them have burned up a _lot_ of public trust in
               | the process with the use of fear and coercion as a tool
               | to manage the pandemic as well as being a bit economical
               | with the truth instead of just saying  "we don't know"
               | where appropriate. I think the unfortunate persistence of
               | the anti-vax movement is partially down to this instinct
               | for authoritarianism and shaming people rather than
               | extending an olive branch.
               | 
               | I do wonder if "vaccines mean we can permanently rid
               | ourselves of masks, distancing, and other authoritarian
               | restrictions" would have been more effective as a
               | campaign than "get the vaccine or you're a horrible
               | selfish piece of crap who probably wants to bump off
               | grandma for her inheritence". Maybe it wouldn't have made
               | a difference, but I think it would.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | People are stupid. As a species, we've survived despite
               | this, but as Carlin used to say; ""Think of how stupid
               | the average person is, and realize half of them are
               | stupider than that."
               | 
               | People hold irrational beliefs (JFK Jr. is still alive),
               | the earth is flat, on and on.
               | 
               | And America in many respects can be incredibly anti-
               | intellectual. Being smart is often a negative in a lot of
               | environments.
        
               | angelzen wrote:
               | That quote never sit well with me. How about "Think of
               | how stupid the average person is, and realize there is a
               | 50/50 chance _you_ are stupider than that. "
        
               | nkingsy wrote:
               | Your version is less accurate in reasonable contexts.
               | People at a Carlin show or on HN are not the average
               | person.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | > vaccines mean we can permanently rid ourselves of
               | masks, distancing, and other authoritarian restrictions
               | 
               | They said that, and it turned out to also be a lie. I got
               | the vaccine because I was threatened with loss of
               | employment if I didn't, and enticed by a promise that
               | frequent testing, social distancing, and mask-wearing
               | would not be required for the vaccinated. They pretty
               | quickly reneged on that. To say that I am infuriated is
               | putting it mildly. I obviously cannot undo the vaccine
               | that I didn't want and was forced/coerced into taking.
               | 
               | They have destroyed any faith I had in their promises. I
               | will most certainly now refuse any further demands along
               | these lines, whether for flu shots, boosters, or
               | whatever. Fool me once, shame on you.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | They didn't mean that the restrictions would go away if
               | YOU personally got vaxxed, only if a respectable number
               | in the US did. And that still hasn't happened because
               | people are stubborn and selfish.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | No, my employer specifically stated that the vaccinated
               | would not need to mask or distance at work. Then they
               | walked it back.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | The parent comment was talking about public discussion of
               | how vax would allow a faster return to normal life. Your
               | employer is perfectly entitled to tell you to mask or
               | distance, or where a pink jumpsuit.
               | 
               | With people getting fake vax cards, etc, I can see some
               | employers deciding to err on the side of caution.
               | Especially since some workers can't get vaxxed at all due
               | to medical conditions.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | Except they made a _big deal_ about the no mask, no
               | distancing promise. It was a central theme of their  "get
               | the vaccine" campaign. Oh and also you won't get fired.
               | 
               | Then they reneged.
               | 
               | Thus, they have destroyed any credibility they may have
               | had for future similar promises.
        
             | pell wrote:
             | From what I understand it's taken once an infection is
             | already established. Maybe it's easier to convince the
             | "skeptics" under those circumstances to take potentially
             | life-saving medicine.
        
               | roywiggins wrote:
               | Sure, those same skeptics, once they're sick, happily
               | line up for an hourlong infusion of experimental
               | monoclonal antibodies, which have similarly unknown
               | "long-term side effects" or whatever they're worried
               | about.
               | 
               | It turns out that long-term side effects (which are a
               | possibility with _every_ livesaving medical intervention-
               | what are the long-term side effects of CPR?) are a lot
               | less scary compared to short-term death.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | foolfoolz wrote:
               | this drug (and all covid medicine) at this point is no
               | longer about people hesitant to take the vaccine. this is
               | about going back to a pre covid life. the vaccine does
               | not protect you fully from covid 19. states in the u. s.
               | and some eu countries have very high vaccination rates
               | and still saw a wave of covid go through them, examples:
               | vt, nh, de, nl. in all these places roughly 70%
               | vaccination rate and many vaccinated people testing
               | positive, some vaccinated dying.
               | 
               | when this happens governments get scared. they start
               | doing mask and vaccine mandates. things shut down. what
               | if you could still have these waves but nearly eliminate
               | the chance of anyone dying? then we could start treating
               | this like an endemic cold or flu. i think these waves in
               | high vaccine areas show convincing "vaccine skeptics" is
               | not the gate to get there. we could be 100% vaccinated in
               | areas and still see covid waves. the question is can we
               | make it less risky to the point where we can go back to
               | where we were
        
             | tomatocracy wrote:
             | Away from the debate about who will or won't take the
             | vaccines and why, isn't this is a huge positive for the
             | small (but not tiny) number of people for whom vaccines
             | don't provoke immune response (severely immunocompromised,
             | etc)? That group are also more vulnerable to bad outcomes
             | from Covid.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | That's one of my hopes. I don't know if this would have
               | an adverse reaction for immunocompromised patients, but
               | if not that would be fantastic.
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | There are a lot of hospital bed requests for the vaccine(1)
             | from people who thought COVID wasn't a big deal. I'm fairly
             | sure they'll take this drug once they experience the
             | alternative.
             | 
             | 1) Obviously, it's too late then. So it's only the most
             | ignorant of people who changed their minds we have
             | anecdotes of.
        
             | thehappypm wrote:
             | It's not really like a vaccine. A vaccine is almost more
             | abstract. You're not sick, and to continue not being sick,
             | take these shots.
             | 
             | With this treatment, you ARE sick. To become well, take
             | these pills.
        
           | djrogers wrote:
           | Sounds like the consequence of not taking it is a 0.5% chance
           | of death, so probably not a lot of running for those who
           | understand COVID death rates.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | The study was for patients "who were at high risk of
             | progressing to severe illness", where the
             | hospitalization/death rate was 6.7% without it and 1% with.
             | You probably wouldn't give it out to everyone but that's
             | the kind of risk decision doctors make routinely.
        
               | fspeech wrote:
               | The actual death rate for the trial cohort is close to
               | 2%:
               | 
               | Pfizer said 0.8 percent of patients who got the drug
               | combination within three days were hospitalized within
               | four weeks -- three out of 389 patients -- compared to 7
               | percent of patients who got placebos, or 27 out of 385.
               | And seven of those who got placebos died, Pfizer said. No
               | one who got the treatment died within a month.
               | 
               | https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2021/11/pfizers-new-
               | covid-pi...
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | If this drug is administered in the hospital, you already
             | have a severe case and are far more likely to die.
        
             | johnday wrote:
             | If the drug has got this far into testing, there is no
             | chance in hell that it has >0.5% chance of death (or other
             | awful side-effects) on ingestion. So it's an upgrade either
             | way.
        
             | matsemann wrote:
             | It seems to me that you're one of those not understanding
             | COVID death rates, though.
             | 
             | Firstly, even though I doubt your number a bit, even a
             | 1/200 chance of death is mighty high enough for most people
             | to seek treatment for something.
             | 
             | Secondly, if you're already infected, the pill is probably
             | less risky than those 1/200.
             | 
             | Thirdly, the chance of death isn't equal for everyone. A
             | healthy young person might have a 10x reduced risk, while
             | an older person with an existing condition a 10x increased
             | risk. So at least for one of them the new medicine is
             | clearly worth trying.
        
               | aj7 wrote:
               | A 1/200 chance of death is gigantic.
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | Right!
               | 
               | It floors me to see so many not internalizing what that
               | means.
        
               | xanaxagoras wrote:
               | So are the people who land in that numerator - a
               | correlation that's not permitted in the public discourse
               | apparently.
        
               | djrogers wrote:
               | GP stated that "the consequence of not taking it is
               | death", which is demonstrably false, and specifically
               | what I was referring to.
               | 
               | Also, the current mortality rate overall in the USA for
               | Covid is less than 0.1% - in fact it's less than 0.02%.
               | 46M confirmed cases, and 751k deaths (not all confirmed
               | to be caused by COVID)...
        
               | bellyfullofbac wrote:
               | People think 0.5% is low, but e.g. JFK airport has about
               | 500 takeoffs a day, if on average every day 2 or 3 planes
               | that flew out of JFK crashed, how would they feel about
               | air travel?
        
               | epicide wrote:
               | I think part of the problem is people see getting covid
               | as something that will only happen to them once. So it is
               | easy for them to think "well, if JFK had that many
               | crashes, but I only had to fly once in my life, that's
               | not so bad."
               | 
               | Realistically, re-infection is going to become more and
               | more of a thing. Especially as it mutates.
        
               | brigandish wrote:
               | > A healthy young person might have a 10x reduced risk
               | 
               | The risk doubles every 7 years so it's going to be ~18x
               | between generations, and much greater beyond that. Those
               | who are old _and_ have existing co-morbidities are really
               | pushing the difference as severity of disease is strongly
               | correlated with number and severity of co-morbidities.
               | 
               | Edit: ~18x, not ~30x. It's late here, I can't calculate 2
               | to the power of 4 without a calculator until I sleep,
               | wake up, and have a strong coffee.
        
           | dontcare007 wrote:
           | But that's just it, there's less than a 2% chance of dying
           | even if you get COVID.
        
             | TheHypnotist wrote:
             | I don't think you realize just how shitty those chances
             | are.
        
               | bena wrote:
               | The same people who take their chances with COVID have
               | the same energy as those who play the lottery.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | According to the CDC, the actual infection fatality ratio
             | is 0.6%. Fortunately vaccination cuts that pretty close to
             | zero.
             | 
             | https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-
             | updates/burd...
        
               | ghastmaster wrote:
               | > Fortunately vaccination cuts that pretty close to zero.
               | 
               | Unfortunately as can be seen in table 5 from the link
               | below, vaccination does not bring the fatality rate close
               | to zero. It brings it closer to zero depending on your
               | age. Bearing in mind this applies to hospitalized
               | patients only(therefore not exactly IFR), the rate of
               | death was reduced by vaccination in people over the age
               | of 50, but not in people under the age of 50. Vaccination
               | helps in certain cohorts.
               | 
               | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploa
               | ds/...
        
             | jasondigitized wrote:
             | Statistically you won't die from Covid but that statistic
             | may not apply to you.
        
             | timr wrote:
             | It's much higher than that for easily identifiable
             | subgroups -- elderly people and obese people being trivial
             | examples.
             | 
             | The control arm of this study had a rate of
             | "hospitalization or death" of 7% because they selected for
             | subgroups at high risk.
             | 
             | It's fine to acknowledge that aggregate risk of Covid is
             | low (and indeed, more people _should_ acknowledge that
             | fact), but we must also acknowledge that it is a serious
             | risk for a large group of people.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | Especially when we note that the clinic definition of
               | obesity is much smaller than people think of, and 42% of
               | Americans qualify.
        
               | timr wrote:
               | That may be true, but it _doesn 't_ automatically mean
               | that 42% of Americans are high risk. This is reflected in
               | the aggregate statistics. Mild obesity is probably not a
               | significant risk factor, whereas severe obesity is a big
               | problem.
               | 
               | The BMI-based definition of "obesity" is a crude
               | qualifier, and the vast majority of the affected will be
               | in the smaller group that is _both_ elderly and obese
               | (esp. considering that age is, by far, the more important
               | factor for serious outcomes.)
        
             | rndgermandude wrote:
             | If you die of Covid, your loved ones will not care if the
             | chance of that happening was low. You won't care either,
             | you'll be dead. All it really takes is that one previously-
             | undiagnosed comorbidity to put you in the front of a the
             | line for a casket-fitting even if you're young(-ish).
             | 
             | If you survive but get permanent damage e.g. due to the
             | blood clots that a _lot_ of COVID patients develop, or due
             | to the side effects of medications and treatment e.g.
             | (partial) blindness from high-dose steroids or reduced
             | mobility up to no use in your limbs especially your legs
             | due to ECMO, then I am pretty sure you won 't be running
             | around (in the latter example because you physically cannot
             | anymore) telling people how COVID only kills so-and-so tiny
             | percent of the population.
             | 
             | Even if you escape realtively unscathed, spending a month
             | or two in the hospital followed by some weeks of recovery
             | or in a rehab facility (e.g. to learn how to walk again
             | after a few weeks of coma and maybe some ECMO hoses in your
             | legs), then that probably still would be an experience
             | you'd like to avoid.
             | 
             | And that isn't even yet considering what effects you may
             | experience in the future, "long covid" and all that.
        
               | sgtnoodle wrote:
               | My teenage athlete nephew mysteriously developed heart
               | problems right around after he got vaccinated, and now he
               | can barely walk up a flight of stairs. No one is going to
               | say the vaccine caused it, but the timing seems pretty
               | damning. Meanwhile, if you look at the CDC stats, the
               | risk of injury from covid for his demographic is at least
               | an order of magnitude lower than his risk from riding in
               | a car.
               | 
               | Personally I don't believe that we are living in a
               | rational society right now. For the fun of it, maybe I'll
               | figure out one of those browser plugins to replace the
               | word "science" with "propaganda".
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | Perhaps he got the vaccine in the bloodstream as opposed
               | to muscle tissue as intended.
               | 
               | There are reports now of injections done without pulling
               | back to see whether the injection site is a blood vessel.
               | How the drug performs is seriously different in blood
               | stream vs muscle tissue.
               | 
               | The primary impact of blood stream doses appears to be
               | heart related problems.
               | 
               | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34406358/
               | 
               | TL;DR: The vaccine probably did not cause it. How it was
               | administered could be the cause.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | I mean come on, if the administration of the vaccine
               | caused it, the vaccine caused it. If he hadn't gotten the
               | vaccine, it would not have been (as conjectured) injected
               | into his bloodstream.
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | Fact is, how it gets injected appears to have a very
               | significant influence on it's impact to the patient.
               | 
               | There is a clear distinction here; namely, whether the
               | vaccine was improperly used.
               | 
               | Taking too much Tylonol can cause liver failure. Too much
               | Ibuprofen can cause renal failure...
               | 
               | In those cases, the drug was improperly used, but the
               | cause analysis centers on improper use, because doing
               | that multiplies the risk and symptom severity.
               | 
               | See how that all works?
               | 
               | Saying the "vaccine caused it" simply is not enough
               | information, which is why I linked what I did.
               | 
               | It is important that we get these discussions right.
               | 
               | Edit:
               | 
               | In the interest of accuracy, note I did not say the
               | vaccine did not cause the trouble. I said it probably did
               | not cause it, and I said improper injection probably did.
               | 
               | Neither is an absolute. I did not intend, nor mean to
               | imply otherwise. What I did intend was to improve on the
               | clarity, scope and accuracy of the discussion.
               | 
               | Why bother?
               | 
               | Better discussion means more informed people taking fewer
               | risks and or making more good choices, all of which will
               | improve law, costs, outcomes.
               | 
               | Getting back to the matter at hand, when we factor the
               | elements down, we see one thing we can do right away, and
               | that is we make damn sure we are administering vaccines
               | properly.
               | 
               | There are risks with the vaccine. They are small by
               | percentage, but they are there. No argument from me.
               | 
               | Those risks go up dramatically with improper injection;
               | namely, it being delivered directly to the blood stream,
               | which is entirely avoidable.
        
               | sgtnoodle wrote:
               | That's a fair point. It seems to me like the government
               | is pressuring people into taking a vaccine that isn't
               | being properly administered en masse, and all the parties
               | involved are both protected from liability and aren't
               | being transparent about it, all to mitigate a trivial
               | amount of risk.
               | 
               | I just saw an article yesterday talking about Pfizer
               | making $36 billion on vaccines this year.
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | I see it that way too.
               | 
               | We do not have absolutes to work with here.
               | 
               | The damn Covid is novel, meaning we get our education
               | together, the hard way and that sucks.
               | 
               | And that means being smart about probabilities and
               | potential cost and risk outcomes matters a lot! Doing
               | that is harder than necessary too.
               | 
               | A small investment in proper injection can seriously
               | reduce vaccine risks, for example. That is real news as
               | far as I am concerned and that should be acted on STAT.
               | And you just gotta know the optics on all that complicate
               | and likely bias action away from optimal too.
               | 
               | My own first injection was not done properly. (By that I
               | mean the person doing it did not do a blood vessel
               | check.)
               | 
               | I made sure the second one was done properly.
               | 
               | I very seriously oppose the blanket immunity myself for
               | similar reasons.
               | 
               | The profit drive on this is pretty ugly too, and it is a
               | complicated discussion. Very generally, I must say the
               | problem is global and allowing profit to drive policy is
               | not doing humanity any favors.
               | 
               | There is a whole lot to be said... but, maybe another
               | day.
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | Really sorry about what happened too.
               | 
               | Sucks :(
               | 
               | Sure hope he improves and can get past it.
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | Frankly, our current body politic is very seriously ill.
               | 
               | Trust is low.
               | 
               | Because of all that, I personally am paying close
               | attention to how I handle my part in it and am reluctant
               | to judge anyone else.
               | 
               | I am usually reluctant anyway, because what I feel should
               | be obvious reasons! But yeah, extra care is indicated
               | right now.
               | 
               | Best move, in my view as a normie out there wanting to be
               | a good human, is to try and understand one another
               | better, avoid judgement and the usual fear, blame and
               | shame, talk more and hopefully more of us make smarter
               | choices and see lower risks and better outcomes more of
               | the time as this all plays out.
               | 
               | Pretty sure that is as good as it all gets right now.
        
               | sgtnoodle wrote:
               | That's actually the theory I developed the first time
               | myocarditis in skinny teenagers was reported many months
               | ago. It just makes sense that spike protein mRNA is
               | getting shotgunned into their heart muscle cells. So, I
               | was rather disillusioned when I saw that theory finally
               | pop up in the news in the last month.
               | 
               | Saying the vaccine didn't cause the myocarditis because
               | it was "injected wrong" isn't a compelling argument to
               | me, or likely to anyone that's thinking rationally.
        
               | ddingus wrote:
               | I hear that. You are not wrong, in my view.
               | 
               | The discussion is complex and difficult enough as it is.
               | 
               | People struggling with it should be expected and handled
               | with tact and candor far more than it is right now.
        
             | throwaway47292 wrote:
             | There is free trial of World of Warcraft, download the game
             | and make a warrior character.
             | 
             | You start with 5% critical strike chance, see how often
             | that happens.
             | 
             | You will be seriously surprised.
        
             | hehetrthrthrjn wrote:
             | You're ok with a 1 in 50 chance of dying?
             | 
             | I know that people can have difficulty interpreting
             | probabilities, but given the outcome, you don't think those
             | are really terrible odds? Of course the medicine also has a
             | risk profile but it's clearly much, much lower.
             | 
             | Also it should noted that even when covid doesn't kill you
             | it can have debilitating effects that linger or are
             | permanent.
        
             | AndrewThrowaway wrote:
             | That's the problem - "even if you get COVID".
             | 
             | At the start of pandemic we could have hoped that it will
             | pass in half a year, in a year or so. Now we know that it
             | is probably here to stay.
             | 
             | So eventually you will get COVID.
             | 
             | Depending on how long has passed after your vaccine, what
             | variation of virus you will get, how old you are and etc
             | will depend if it is more like 5% or 1% or so.
             | 
             | In my office I have 200 or so colleagues. Imagine having
             | 4-5 funerals at the company because of this illness.
        
               | thr0w72594 wrote:
               | Unless you have a significant number of people working in
               | your office over 70 years old, or if half of your
               | colleagues are at least 60, it's more likely that nobody
               | will die than 4-5.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | A death rate of 4-5 per 200 workers is highly unlikely.
               | According to CDC data the infection fatality rate in a
               | mostly unvaccinated population was 0.06% for the 18-49
               | age group and 0.6% for the 50-64 age group. The majority
               | of deaths have been among older age groups, who are
               | mostly not working at companies.
               | 
               | https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-
               | updates/burd...
               | 
               | Fortunately vaccination provides good protection against
               | death.
        
               | timr wrote:
               | > Depending on how long has passed after your vaccine,
               | what variation of virus you will get, how old you are and
               | etc will depend if it is more like 5% or 1% or so.
               | 
               | This is fear-mongering. There is no example of a risk of
               | death post-vaccination that gets this high. The few
               | studies that document a decline in efficacy show a
               | _modest_ decline, against _symptomatic illness_. The
               | vaccines remain highly effective against severe disease
               | and death.
        
               | seniorThrowaway wrote:
               | https://archive.ph/5LWlK
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | When both the risks and vaccination rates are
               | significantly different across demographic groups
               | statistics for the whole population are often nearly
               | useless due to Simpson's paradox.
               | 
               | Depending on how we define severe COVID you link is
               | showing between 36% and 44% of the severe COVID patients
               | at the hospital are vaccinated.
               | 
               | That's similar to what they have seen in Israel. As of
               | about a month ago they were seeing about 60% of their
               | severe cases were in vaccinated people.
               | 
               | Sounds pretty bad for vaccines, right? It does until you
               | remember Simpson's paradox and take a finer look at the
               | data [1]. It turns out that the Israel data showed in
               | each age group efficacy against severe COVID ranging from
               | 81.1% to 100%, with above 92% in all the 10 year age
               | groups under 60 and still above 88% is the 10 years
               | groups through 80.
               | 
               | It is very likely a similar thing is going on at the
               | hospital whose data you linked to. That's been the case
               | for every place I've come across in the US that published
               | breakdowns of the stats by age group.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.covid-datascience.com/post/israeli-data-
               | how-can-...
        
               | roywiggins wrote:
               | Those statistics say nothing about the chances of going
               | to hospital _if you are vaccinated_.
               | 
               | Currently, the deaths-per-100k of the unvaccinated vs
               | vaccinated population is _twelve times higher_.
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/10/28/us/covid-
               | brea...
        
               | angelzen wrote:
               | The article also shows that deaths-per-100k is highly
               | dependent on age. ""Age is our top risk factor for
               | vaccine breakthrough deaths," said Theresa Sokol, the
               | state epidemiologist in Louisiana, one of the
               | jurisdictions that contributed to the C.D.C. data.". In
               | 12-17 and 18-29, deaths-per-100k are essentially 0 for
               | both vaccinated and unvaccinated. This is fantastic news
               | for kids of grade school age: they can live their lives
               | for the next 20 years without having to worry about covid
               | medical risks.
        
               | roywiggins wrote:
               | The even better news is that by the time they're older,
               | they'll probably have substantial immunity to it anyway.
        
               | timr wrote:
               | This is meaningless without context. What percentage of
               | the population is vaccinated? How old are the patients?
               | What percentage of the hospitalized are extremely
               | old/frail/comprosmised?
               | 
               | Remember: _if 100% of your population is vaccinated, then
               | 100% of your hospitalizations and deaths will be in
               | vaccinated people._
               | 
               | https://www.covid-datascience.com/post/israeli-data-how-
               | can-...
        
               | AndrewThrowaway wrote:
               | It could also show age of patients.
               | 
               | There is no doubt about vaccine efficacy. However it all
               | depends. On your age, on your illnesses, on strains of
               | virus. Who knows what you will get in 2 years.
               | 
               | So people who say that "pfft it is only 2% chance and
               | only if you get" are just denying it.
               | 
               | You will get COVID. Hopefully you get it after a few
               | years when there are not only vaccines but drugs widely
               | available.
        
             | wonderwonder wrote:
             | Would you get on a plane if there was a 1.5% chance of it
             | crashing every time?
        
             | reddog wrote:
             | 2% is pretty damn high. _Only_ 2.4% of allied troop that
             | landed in France on D-Day died also.
        
             | s_dev wrote:
             | A 2% chance of death is actually very high risk for most
             | people. Obviously with a name like dontcare007 I'm sure
             | you've a huge appetite for risk that others don't.
        
               | tinco wrote:
               | There's a 40% chance Mr. Bond here would have died before
               | his latest film "No Time To Die", if he had a 2% chance
               | of death in each movie ;)
        
               | bena wrote:
               | If 2% of domestic flights in the US crashed, that would
               | be about 100 plane crashes. Per day.
               | 
               | An accident rate of less than 1% grounded the Boeing 737
               | MAX. In a study of the aircraft, the FAA estimated there
               | would have been 15 crashes over 30 years. This was seen
               | as unacceptable.
        
             | adrianN wrote:
             | There is a much higher chance of dying when you're in the
             | ICU with Covid and a doctor thinks it's appropriate to
             | prescribe this new medication.
        
               | makomk wrote:
               | The trouble is that the new medications probably don't
               | work by the time you're in the ICU with Covid. I'm not
               | sure it was tested with this one specifically, but at
               | least one of the recently-approved medications was
               | previously trialled on ICU patients and showed no benefit
               | - they had to do another study giving it to people who
               | hadn't been hospitalized yet to get any useful reduction
               | in deaths, and there's some reason to think this is an
               | inherent limitation of drugs that try and reduce viral
               | replication. This study only seems to cover patients who
               | haven't been hospitalized at the point when they start
               | the treatment.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | brokensegue wrote:
             | The hospitalization rate of the control was over 6 percent.
             | Most people want to avoid hospitalization.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ralmeida wrote:
         | > Side effects don't have to happen in the next 6 months.
         | 
         | If you're willing to go that route, the same could be said for
         | COVID itself.
        
         | tut-urut-utut wrote:
         | "Please don't talk about risk with so much at stake. Just push
         | that code you wrote this morning to our mission-critical
         | production system."
         | 
         | "We can do proper code review, unit testing, integration
         | testing and full test cycle later on, when the pressure fades
         | away."
         | 
         | We engineers all understand the risk of pushing untested code
         | to production, but when it comes to medicine and other fields,
         | we forget everything and rush it out. We basically act based on
         | fear and hope.
        
           | wbl wrote:
           | During an incident you break glass if you have to. Because
           | the risks of inaction outweigh action.
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | This already went through Phase III trials. It's closer in
           | analogy to having the entire QA team on standby at their
           | desks to do a full test as soon as you submit a PR at 1:38am
           | for a feature that has to go live ASAP.
        
             | rangoon626 wrote:
             | Lol did you not see the revelations about what was going on
             | inside of Ventavia, the contractor that did the trial
             | research for pfizer?
             | 
             | They broke all sorts of protocols, covered it up, had it
             | reported to the FDA, who in turn just sat on it.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | The contractor that did a small percentage of the
               | research, yes. Failures and fraud occur, and thankfully
               | this one was small enough that it didn't matter.
        
         | yosito wrote:
         | > Side effects don't have to happen in the next 6 months.
         | 
         | If this is a molecule with a short half-life that is broken
         | down and expelled by the body, it isn't going to have random
         | side effects that show up months in the future.
        
           | darthvoldemort wrote:
           | Prions are "just" proteins that should get broken down by the
           | body. But they don't, and they cause Creutzfeldt-Jakob in
           | over 10 years after ingesting.
        
             | cglace wrote:
             | Are you suggesting that every new molecule should be
             | treated as if it were a prion?
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Again, as someone who worked with toxicology, yeah. The
               | default is every new molecule might be highly toxic and
               | needs to be proven otherwise.
               | 
               | It's why we don't look at a molecule and say "oh, that's
               | not a carcinogen! No need to test". And the same reason
               | we run hERG tests to make sure drugs don't give you a
               | fatal arrhythmia (a surprising number of drugs do this
               | and some are still on the market).
        
               | cglace wrote:
               | So over what time period do you believe we should wait to
               | release a drug to the public? 10 - 25 years after
               | discovery?
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Straw man. I never said don't release the drug or delay
               | it decades, I said "the risk is always there".
               | 
               | And funny you should say 10-25 years. 10 years is pretty
               | typical from initial molecule discovery to FDA approval.
        
               | cglace wrote:
               | Sorry to offend.
               | 
               | I was referencing your assertion that all molecules are
               | prions until proven otherwise.
               | 
               | Also, I asked two questions. Next time try answering them
               | before jumping to being an ass.
        
               | yosito wrote:
               | I'm not an expert, but I think if a molecule is isolated,
               | it is possible to determine whether or not it is a prion.
               | IIRC, prions are basically misfolded protiens that cause
               | other protiens to misfold, like a corrupted file that
               | passes the corruption on to every copy or derived file
               | until the system crashes. But you can examine them before
               | systemic problems show up. And I believe a prion has to
               | be a protien-like molecule. Again, not an expert.
        
               | osobo wrote:
               | Actually: Yes.
        
               | darthvoldemort wrote:
               | I'm suggesting that sometimes a very small amount of a
               | substance can cause catastrophic effects a decade later.
               | That's why we do testing before we release drugs.
               | 
               | And Pfizer isn't the hero here, they never have been.
               | 
               | https://corporatewatch.org/pfizer-six-scandals-to-
               | remember/
               | 
               | This list doesn't even include Celebrex.
               | 
               | 1986: Pfizer had to withdraw an artificial heart valve
               | from the market after defects led to it being implicated
               | in over 300 deaths. The US Food and Drug Administration
               | (FDA) withdrew its approval for the product in 1986 and
               | Pfizer agreed to pay hundreds of millions of dollars in
               | compensation after multiple lawsuits were brought against
               | it.
               | 
               | 2003: Pfizer has long been condemned for profiteering
               | from AIDS drugs. In 2003 for example, it walked away from
               | a licencing deal for its Rescriptor drug that would have
               | made it cheaper for poorer countries.
               | 
               | 2011: Pfizer was forced to pay compensation to families
               | of children killed in the controversial Trovan drug
               | trial. During the worst meningitis epidemic seen in
               | Africa, in 1996, Pfizer ran a trial in Nigeria their new
               | drug Trovan. Five of the 100 children who took Trovan
               | died and it caused liver damage, while it caused lifelong
               | disabilities in those who survived. But another group of
               | 100 children were given the conventional "gold standard"
               | meningitis antibiotic as a "control" group for
               | comparison. Six of them also tragically died because, the
               | families said, Pfizer had given them less than the
               | recommended level of the conventional antibiotic in order
               | to make Trovan look more effective.
               | 
               | 2012: Pfizer had to pay around $1billion to settle
               | lawsuits claiming its Prempro drug caused breast cancer.
               | Prempro was used in hormone replacement therapy, usually
               | for women going through the menopause. The settlements
               | came after six years of trials and hardship for the women
               | affected.
               | 
               | 2013: Pfizer paid out $273 million to settle over 2,000
               | cases in the US that accused its smoking treatment drug
               | Chantix of provoking suicidal and homicidal thoughts,
               | self harm and severe psychological disorders. Pfizer was
               | also accused of improperly excluding patients with a
               | history of depression or other mental disturbances from
               | trials for the drug. Later, in 2017, a coroner in
               | Australia ruled that the drug had contributed to a man's
               | suicide. The man's mother campaigned to change the label
               | on the drug.
               | 
               | 2020: Pfizer reached an agreement with thousands of
               | customers of its depo-testosterone drug in 2018 after
               | they sued it for increasing the likelihood of numerous
               | issues, including heart attacks.
        
               | KptMarchewa wrote:
               | There is nothing here that suggests that:
               | 
               | >very small amount of a substance can cause catastrophic
               | effects a decade later.
               | 
               | Medication failure modes are either short-term acute and
               | found in test quickly, like Trovan example; or where
               | long-term ingestion causes problems.
               | 
               | All of your examples are one of those two.
        
               | vidoc wrote:
               | Watch out, it's becoming increasingly illegal to talk
               | about Pfizer even just in a slightly negative way. Their
               | covid-19 vaccine product is the gold standard of safety,
               | it's spectacularly effective, and breakthrough cases are
               | so extremely rare it's basically fake news to claim
               | otherwise. If it's not fake news, it's perhaps just anti-
               | vax, white-supremacy, or russia.
        
               | cockzor wrote:
               | Russia Russia Russia!!!
               | 
               | Oh wait, our guy was just arrested yesterday.... :/
        
               | cmoscoso wrote:
               | it's a clown world.
        
               | bena wrote:
               | So 6 out of how many other studies and drugs they've
               | released without scandal?
               | 
               | If we're applying the COVID standard to Pfizer, would
               | their failure rate be greater than or less than COVID's
               | death rate?
               | 
               | If we use the 2% number I've seen around here for COVID's
               | death rate, that means if Pfizer has over 300 drugs,
               | these six scandals are a non-issue because they happen so
               | rarely.
        
               | ionwake wrote:
               | I'm perplexed why you are defending a corporation after
               | such an excellent reply from the above poster ( and I've
               | taken the vax).
               | 
               | But l add the death rate according the administration is
               | around 0.5% from the latest stats due to lack of testing.
        
               | bena wrote:
               | It's less defending Pfizer and questioning the poster's
               | true motives.
               | 
               | Some people seem determined to do anything except take
               | precautions laid out by infectious disease experts and
               | take medicine specifically for this virus. And they're
               | looking for any excuse to do so.
        
               | mensetmanusman wrote:
               | A diversity of people will have a diversity of risk
               | registers, this is actually healthy for long term
               | stability because mono cultures have associated risks.
        
               | vixen99 wrote:
               | No it's about one third of drugs according to a Yale
               | study and it took a median of 4.2 years after the drugs
               | were approved for safety concerns to be apparent.
        
               | jdavis703 wrote:
               | Are there any authorized or approved drugs that are taken
               | over a short-term (say less than a month) that have been
               | shown to cause long-term death?
        
               | tharkun__ wrote:
               | This immediately jumped to mind (Contergan):
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalidomide_scandal
               | The total number of people affected by the use of
               | thalidomide during the mother's pregnancy is estimated at
               | more than 10,000, of whom approximately 40 percent died
               | at or shortly after the time of birth. Those who survived
               | had limb, eye, urinary tract, and heart defects [...] The
               | severity and location of the deformities depended on how
               | many days into the pregnancy the mother was before
               | beginning treatment; thalidomide taken on the 20th day of
               | pregnancy caused central brain damage, day 21 would
               | damage the eyes, day 22 the ears and face, day 24 the
               | arms, and leg damage would occur if taken up to day 28.
               | Thalidomide did not damage the fetus if taken after 42
               | days' gestation.
               | 
               | So ~280 days for a pregnancy, minu 21-41 still leaves way
               | more than half a year after taking the drug for when
               | death occurred. And I wouldn't say the non-lethal effects
               | are to be dismissed. If you ask me they're way up there
               | for making sure something like that doesn't happen again.
               | The system today (hopefully) is better than back then.
               | And yes, personally I think it's a good thing when the
               | approval process for drugs assumes that "every new
               | molecule should be treated as if it were a prion".
        
               | jdavis703 wrote:
               | If I'm reading this correctly, Thalidomide caused damage
               | to fetal tissue, but didn't actually kill the parent?
               | This is still an awful burden for the parent, but there's
               | lots of drugs that are known to cause tissue damage
               | during pregnancy. I believe this is why pregnant people
               | are often excluded from clinical trials.
        
               | tharkun__ wrote:
               | Yes, it didn't kill the parent. You might have missed the
               | part where it killed 40% of the children at or shortly
               | after birth.
               | 
               | And yes, that's (one reason) why the recommendations for
               | the Covid vaccine were not given for pregnant women at
               | first.
               | 
               | The point wasn't that there are drugs known to be
               | dangerous to pregnant women (mainly the unborn child).
               | The ask was for an approved drug that caused delayed
               | death.
               | 
               | There were definitely so many things going wrong w/ that
               | specific drug but it serves as a really good example for
               | why all these precautions are taken and should be taken
               | and any new drug should not be presumed safe but presumed
               | dangerous and proven to not be harmful. The specific time
               | frames and measures can of course be debated to find a
               | good spot on the spectrum and an active pandemic can
               | influence the choices. The discussion was going in the
               | direction of some posters saying we should assume safe
               | first and the Contergan case very clearly shows why
               | assuming safety is the wrong choice.
        
               | wussboy wrote:
               | I think the ask was actually for an approved drug, taken
               | briefly, that caused a delayed death in the person who
               | was taking it. If we're going to count prenatal effects,
               | we can come up with thousands of examples. This is why
               | pregnant women are always studied separately.
        
               | tharkun__ wrote:
               | Let's take that apart:                   Are there any
               | authorized or approved drugs that are taken over a short-
               | term (say less than a month) that have been shown to
               | cause long-term death?                   authorized or
               | approved.
               | 
               | Check. Contergan was approved and used in 46 countries.
               | Notably in East Germany there are no known cases of this,
               | because "thalidomide was rejected by the Central
               | Committee of Experts for the Drug Traffic in the GDR, and
               | was never approved for use."                   taken over
               | a short-term (say less than a month)
               | 
               | Check. As quoted before, taking Contergan past day 42
               | didn't harm the fetus and deformities seem to have
               | started on day 21. Less than a month.
               | cause long-term death
               | 
               | Check. Over the long term (>6 months) it caused death in
               | 40% of the babies born.
               | 
               | Nowhere in there does it say to exclude any drugs than
               | only cause direct death to the taker. Nor do I think
               | should that matter. I do agree that pregnant women are
               | studied separately precisely because the risks there are
               | higher. To quote from the wikipedia article again:
               | The Society of Toxicology of Canada was formed after the
               | effects of thalidomide were made public, focusing on
               | toxicology as a discipline separate from pharmacology.
               | The need for the testing and approval of the toxins in
               | certain pharmaceutical drugs became more important after
               | the disaster.
        
               | wussboy wrote:
               | Sure. But that's not what they meant. Can you name any
               | drug that, when taken over a short course, has had long
               | term detrimental effects to the person taking it?
        
               | fastaguy88 wrote:
               | It is perhaps worth mentioning that our ability to detect
               | compounds that are mutagenic or teratogenic, or are
               | likely to cause developmental abnormalities, has improved
               | dramatically in the past 60 years, as has the stringency
               | of drug testing. I'm not an expert, but I can certainly
               | imagine that some of the animal testing that goes on
               | today before a drug is approved is designed to identify
               | problems in offspring. (The problem with thalidomide was
               | not that its problems could not have been identified even
               | 60 years ago; the problem was that the testing was not
               | done or was suppressed.)
               | 
               | So the previous poster's question about drugs given for a
               | short time causing long delayed effects and approved in
               | the last 20 years stands. If a drug is not a mutagen, it
               | is harder to imagine how it could have a long-term
               | effect.
        
               | darthvoldemort wrote:
               | The biggest problem with Thalidomide is that THALIDOMIDE
               | IS PERFECTLY SAFE for the fetus! But the molecule has 2
               | different shapes, one being the mirror image of the
               | other. All testing was done using the correct version,
               | but during the MANUFACTURING PROCESS, the mirror image
               | was created, and that's what caused all the problems!
               | 
               | There are many many ways that problems can occur. The
               | fact that one configuration of a molecule is safe and
               | effective and the other configuration of that same
               | molecule causes disastrous effects is just another
               | example of how thorough testing is necessary when drugs
               | are given to millions of people. How many people either
               | died or were deformed because of lack of testing?
               | 
               | When drug companies skip the necessary testing because
               | they know they can make billions upon billions, they
               | aren't doing it because it keeps people safe. They love
               | it because it makes things cheaper for them.
               | 
               | I have a friend that works at Gilead and runs clinical
               | trials. He is shocked at how quickly the vaccine was
               | approved for EUA, because his trials take years upon
               | years. I'm not saying that the vaccines aren't safe, but
               | I am saying that the more drugs we let skirt through the
               | full testing period, the worse it is for all of us.
               | 
               | Look at remdesivir. It was approved from a single trial
               | that showed lukewarm results and at the cost of thousands
               | per dose. And now the empirical evidence is that it
               | either does nothing, or might actually be harmful.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | This "how did the vaccines get approved so quickly" thing
               | has to be one of the most asked- and- answered questions
               | of the entire pandemic. The basic delivery platform for
               | the vaccines had already been in human trials before the
               | pandemic. We've also been doing rapid development of
               | vaccines for many, many years to combat things like
               | influenza. Coronaviruses had already been well studied,
               | and we had dry-runs for vaccine design with SARS and
               | MERS.
               | 
               | You can just do a Google search to read about 1,000
               | articles about how the vaccines got approved as quickly
               | as they did. You don't need to ask your friend who works
               | at Gilead. Not for nothing: their clinical trials would
               | probably go a lot faster with a global pandemic lighting
               | a fire under them.
               | 
               | We've administered these vaccines to _almost four billion
               | people_.  "COVID vaccines are dangerous" has become an
               | extraordinary claim, demanding extraordinary evidence.
               | There are people who sincerely believe that aspirin is
               | dangerous, and yeast, and "mycotoxins" on coffee beans,
               | and on and on. We're not required to take these arguments
               | seriously on faith.
        
               | darthvoldemort wrote:
               | Maybe just stick to discussions on software security
               | where you actually have some credibility. Your reading
               | comprehension combined with your desire for some sort of
               | argument really shows your weakness outside of your field
               | of expertise.
        
             | raducu wrote:
             | > Prions are "just" proteins
             | 
             | According to whom? You make it sound as if at some point
             | scientists thought that prions were "just proteins", which
             | I'm sure is not true.
             | 
             | I'm not saying new medicine can't have side effects a long
             | time after ingestion.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | It's a good thing we're all here on HN to question the
             | safety of novel pharmaceuticals. If we weren't, maybe
             | nobody would, and we'd all just be putting prions into
             | ourselves.
             | 
             | If you have something specific about this particular
             | molecule to talk about vis a vis safety, that's an
             | interesting comment to make. But "aspirin is a molecule but
             | so is Mad Cow Disease so we had better be careful about new
             | drugs" is just about the most boring, banal comment you can
             | make. Drugs: can they be _unsafe???_ We 'll have more at
             | 11!
             | 
             | We need more Derek Lowe-type drug safety discussion here,
             | and a lot less of whatever this is.
        
               | drewcon wrote:
               | COTD
        
               | vibrato2 wrote:
               | Derek Lowe is the biggest pharma shill in media.
        
             | yibg wrote:
             | So we shouldn't introduce any new drugs unless it's been
             | tested for more than 10 years? Seems like a great way to
             | put a complete halt on drug development and have more
             | people die / suffer from preventable diseases.
        
           | randcraw wrote:
           | And you're going to take the drug for only about 7-10 days.
           | It's unlikely that such a short exposure will introduce
           | lasting toxicity.
        
           | refurb wrote:
           | As someone who worked in toxicology, this is absolutely a
           | false statement. This molecule is a covalent binder - it
           | basically attaches itself permanently to proteins. It
           | absolutely could have effects long after the free molecule is
           | metabolized and excreted. The molecule is designed to be
           | selective for the Covid protease but off-target effects are
           | inevitable.
           | 
           | Do I think that is likely? No, because the FDA isn't stupid
           | and screens for obvious toxicity in cell cultures and lab
           | animals and only then is testing humans allowed. Then those
           | are screened before approval.
           | 
           | Of course the risk isn't 0%, but it's pretty low and if
           | you're at chance of dying or Covid it's a pretty small risk
           | relatively speaking.
        
             | yosito wrote:
             | > this is absolutely a false statement. This molecule is a
             | covalent binder
             | 
             | That's why I said _if_ , I know nothing about the molecule.
        
               | donkarma wrote:
               | But you're giving statements out like you know everything
               | about it, and the fact you said if has no relation with
               | the fact it binds to proteins
        
           | amluto wrote:
           | A recent HN posting would like to remind you that this logic
           | doesn't work:
           | 
           | https://rxisk.org/post-ssri-sexual-dysfunction-pssd/
           | 
           | There are plenty of drugs with long term effects despite not
           | remaining in the body. Every addictive substance comes to
           | mind, but so do chemotherapies and many other things.
        
           | jb1991 wrote:
           | Unless it were to change something in the body while it was
           | still active, and those changes didn't show any signs for a
           | long time.
           | 
           | I'm just playing devil's advocate, but it doesn't seem
           | impossible.
        
             | antris wrote:
             | Well, nothing's impossible really.
        
             | mdtancsa wrote:
             | I guess my question is what is probable rather than
             | possible or is that a risk that's even addressable to any
             | reasonable degree
        
         | julbook wrote:
         | Yes, this makes sense. Innovative, but it will alert some
         | people because of this.
        
         | thehappypm wrote:
         | What's good about this pill is that it's only given to people
         | who have tested positive and likely it'll only be prescribed to
         | people with risk factors. In the trial, the placebo group saw a
         | 7% hospitalization rate. That is very high, and many of the
         | other 93% surely had a bad time as well. The risk of possible
         | long-term side effects when weighed against a very real risk of
         | hospitalization is an easy choice. It's different from vaccines
         | in that way. Vaccines are given to healthy people, so there is
         | basically zero risk tolerance.
        
         | shusaku wrote:
         | I don't think this is nearly as easy a question to answer as
         | the other replies suggest. Pfizer will be required to make the
         | case for safety whenever they apply for approval. It is
         | premature to discuss this without reviewing the actual evidence
         | they put forth.
         | 
         | That being said, one of the reasons that protease inhibitors
         | are considered the way to go is that "no human proteases with a
         | similar cleavage specificity are known, such inhibitors are
         | unlikely to be toxic." [1]
         | 
         | [1] https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abb3405
        
       | btbuildem wrote:
       | So what's their play here? That those people who refused vaccines
       | will want to take this pill instead?
        
         | adlorger wrote:
         | yes. many people are vaccine hesitant because they dislike or
         | are afraid of shots.
         | 
         | also if this can help impact the rate of hospitalization and
         | death among unvaccinated than it also alleviates the need for
         | actual vaccinations to do the lift of ending the overall
         | pandemic.
        
         | oblio wrote:
         | "Play"? :-) It's always the same play, they're making medicines
         | to sell them.
         | 
         | And vaccinated people can get infected and suffer from serious
         | symptoms. If the entire world were vaccinated and 0.1% of
         | people would have serious symptoms, that would still be more
         | than 8 million people looking for a cure.
        
       | black6 wrote:
       | Three different headlines, three different efficacy percentages
       | (89%, 90%, and now 85%), all of which originate from Pfizer's own
       | studies. Color me dubious.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | shusaku wrote:
         | I also found the article a little hard to parse, but after a
         | close read it seems that the 85% is the whole trial, and 89% is
         | for people who got the drug within three days.
        
         | spywaregorilla wrote:
         | The differences in these percentages are all trivially small
         | and explained in the article. 85% is the overall view; 89% is
         | on the sub population treated within 3 days of symptom onset;
         | and 90% appears to be an editorialized "almost" approximation
         | from news agencies.
         | 
         | Fuck off with this fud.
        
       | zanethomas wrote:
       | aka pfizermectin
        
       | ammonammonammon wrote:
       | Seems since there are so many unapproved off-label therapeutics
       | and now more and more under-patent money making ones we'll
       | lighted the facist vaccine mandates.
        
         | rblatz wrote:
         | Vaccine mandates aren't new, what's new is the hyper targeting
         | of propaganda meant to incite division.
        
       | shusaku wrote:
       | I think it's hard to overstate what a big deal this is for
       | science. This is a completely novel molecule that appears
       | effective as an antiviral. This would a huge achievement for the
       | field of drug design, and will hopefully lead to all kinds of
       | great medicine.
        
         | foolinaround wrote:
         | > completely novel molecule
         | 
         | Can someone please ELI5 what makes this unique from others?
        
           | eganist wrote:
           | Reducing this quote mentioned elsewhere:
           | 
           | > PF-07321332 is designed to block the activity of [a
           | specific] enzyme that the coronavirus needs to replicate. Co-
           | administration with a low dose of ritonavir helps slow [the
           | breakdown] of PF-07321332 in order for it to remain active in
           | the body for longer periods of time at higher concentrations
           | to help combat the virus.
           | 
           | It's a two-part drug. PF-07321332 is the new and shiny thing
           | that impairs a crucial enzyme for the virus, while the pre-
           | existing drug ritonavir lets PF-07321332 last longer, making
           | it more clinically useful.
           | 
           | That's my take on it.
        
           | ldehaan wrote:
           | They can copyright it and make tons of money off of it is
           | what it means. All of the other things that already work
           | can't make them insane profits so, bought and paid for the
           | news that you are fed tells you this is one of few valid ways
           | to fight a virus you can dodge by staying in the sun for an
           | hour each day and exercising your body.
        
         | GhettoComputers wrote:
         | If unvaccinated people all died or went to the hospital it
         | would be impressive, the title is misleading or lying about
         | it's effectiveness. The null hypothesis would probably
         | neutralize it's effectiveness. They don't use infection
         | prevention which would be much higher for unvaccinated because
         | in reality it's probably not very effective against COVID. The
         | control we also don't know any statistics about.
        
           | comicjk wrote:
           | This is a placebo-controlled trial. The statistical
           | comparison shown (85% fewer hospitalizations & deaths in the
           | treatment group) already takes into account the non-
           | hospitalized cases in the control group.
        
         | est31 wrote:
         | > This is a completely novel molecule that appears effective as
         | an antiviral. This would a huge achievement for the field of
         | drug design, and will hopefully lead to all kinds of great
         | medicine.
         | 
         | According to the Pfizer press release [0] Paxlovid uses
         | Ritonavir [1], which is a known HIV antiviral, originally
         | patented in 1989.
         | 
         | At the start of the covid pandemic, chinese scientists even
         | tried Kaletra, a generic that combines Ritonavir with another
         | HIV antiviral, and found it to not improve outcomes [2], but
         | this might have been due to them not giving the drug early
         | enough in the infection, but only to hospitalized patients,
         | while Pfizer gave it to non-hospitalized patients with a risk
         | of later hospitalization.
         | 
         | [0]: https://investors.pfizer.com/investor-news/press-release-
         | det...
         | 
         | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritonavir
         | 
         | [2]: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001282
        
           | lekanwang wrote:
           | Yeah, as parent mentioned in another reply below, ritonavir
           | is an antiviral, but has no effect on SARS-CoV-2
           | (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34048671/). Ritonavir is
           | just used to inhibit CYP and therefore reducing clearance of
           | the drug.
        
           | bvm wrote:
           | It's a combo regimen that includes ritonavir and PF-07321332
           | which does not have a generic name yet.
           | 
           | Both are protease inhibitors.
        
             | est31 wrote:
             | Oh thought that was some id name for ritonavir. Seems you
             | are right:
             | 
             | > PF-07321332 is designed to block the activity of the
             | SARS-CoV-2-3CL protease, an enzyme that the coronavirus
             | needs to replicate. Co-administration with a low dose of
             | ritonavir helps slow the metabolism, or breakdown, of
             | PF-07321332 in order for it to remain active in the body
             | for longer periods of time at higher concentrations to help
             | combat the virus.
             | 
             | So the main job is done by PF-07321332 even, while
             | ritonavir is only there to keep PF-07321332 a bit longer
             | from being destroyed by the body.
        
         | savant_penguin wrote:
         | And it's here in _two_ years
        
           | toyg wrote:
           | One one side: great job, pharma industry! We're gonna live
           | forever!
           | 
           | On the other side: what are you folks not curing, with your
           | magic powers, just because you know you won't be able to make
           | a buck from it...?
        
             | thehappypm wrote:
             | Diseases like COVID are probably some of the easier ones to
             | cure. It's a foreign body that is tangible. We deeply
             | understand how the virus replicates and how it works. We
             | know which proteins and nucleosides to target. We don't
             | have that luxury for diseases like cancer, autoimmune
             | diseases, and the like.
        
             | et2o wrote:
             | Researchers in pharma are working extremely hard and almost
             | always in good faith. I know this is probably tongue-in-
             | cheek but it's not true.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | Yeah it's not really researchers that I'm worried about,
               | it's their bosses.
        
               | bun_at_work wrote:
               | Can you provide an example of a treatment people would
               | like that 'big pharma' wouldn't produce because they
               | couldn't make a profit on it?
               | 
               | This is such a ridiculous argument, IMO. As a thought
               | experiment consider something like cancer treatment. If
               | some pharma company researcher found a way to 100%
               | prevent or reverse cancer, why would the company hide
               | that? In the best case, they could make a ton of money
               | from it by selling it cheap to everyone. In the worse
               | case, they could make a ton of money selling it to the
               | ultra wealthy with an obscene price tag. If they tried to
               | hide it, the researcher would share the information
               | elsewhere, no?
        
               | raesene9 wrote:
               | Whilst I don't buy the malice (big pharma deliberately
               | not curing things they could) argument, there's plenty of
               | things they don't do 'cause they don't think they'll make
               | a profit on them.
               | 
               | Novel drug research is extremely expensive and time
               | consuming, logically speaking a for-profit pharma company
               | will assign its resources to the research which is most
               | likely to make a profit.
               | 
               | As a result rare conditions will not attract the research
               | necessary to create drugs to treat them. To give you a
               | concrete example, AFAIK there was never a vaccine for
               | MERS which is a coronovirus which preceded COVID-19.
        
               | rangoon626 wrote:
               | The companies who make today's lengthy and expensive
               | cancer treatments, are also making the mass-marketed
               | personal care products that have carcinogens inside of
               | them.
        
               | nijave wrote:
               | Antibiotics
               | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02884-3
        
               | eganist wrote:
               | The practice is so widespread that the FDA had to create
               | an incubator/accelerator to incentivize drug-making for
               | rare conditions: https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/center-
               | drug-evaluation-and-res...
               | 
               | And that's separate from the Office of Orphan Products
               | Development: https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/office-
               | clinical-policy-and-pro...
               | 
               | It's not a recent thing, too. Different programs have
               | been enacted in the US going as far back as the Orphan
               | Drug Act of 1983.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orphan_Drug_Act_of_1983
               | 
               | Broader reading:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orphan_drug
        
               | bun_at_work wrote:
               | You're saying hiding the discovery of novel, profitable,
               | drugs because profits from the existing treatment is
               | widespread?
               | 
               | I'm not saying the pharma companies pursue all possible
               | opportunities to research/create new drugs, just that
               | it's ridiculous to think if they did find one, they would
               | suppress that information. It seems conspiratorial.
               | 
               | The Orphan drug act or incubators you link don't
               | contradict the point I'm trying to make, but maybe that's
               | on me.
        
               | eganist wrote:
               | Your question:
               | 
               | > Can you provide an example of a treatment people would
               | like that 'big pharma' wouldn't produce because they
               | couldn't make a profit on it?
               | 
               | That's _very_ different from:
               | 
               | > You're saying hiding the discovery of novel,
               | profitable, drugs because profits from the existing
               | treatment is widespread?
        
               | UnFleshedOne wrote:
               | New antibiotics for one -- if they make a new one that
               | has no resistances in the wild yet, doctors would avoid
               | prescribing it as long as possible, only after all older
               | drugs are tried, so the usage would be extremely low.
               | Nobody wants to sink a few billion into something like
               | that.
        
               | jollybean wrote:
               | "This is such a ridiculous argument, IMO."
               | 
               | ?
               | 
               | You are the head of strategy presenting to Big Pharma
               | CEO.
               | 
               | You say 'Here are 5 new drugs which have potential for
               | great impact, each will cost a billion. 4 of them are
               | vaccines, which will be very inexpensive, and nobody will
               | buy and we will lose money. One of them is a fairly
               | expensive cancer treatment. Which one do you want to
               | focus on boss?'
               | 
               | Supply/Demand and just Basic Economics generally work
               | their way into the system.
               | 
               | Some drugs are much more profitable than others, many of
               | them are not going to be profitable, and there's less
               | incentive to work on them. Vaccines in particular.
               | 
               | It's a big part of the equation we have to deal with.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | Drugs work in economies of scale like everything else.
               | 
               | I like to write and publish books, but only because I
               | know that several thousand people are going to buy them
               | (yeah, humblebrag...). I wouldn't bother with them if my
               | audience was two orders of magnitude smaller. It is just
               | not worth the hassle.
               | 
               | Similarly, most programmers here probably work on
               | projects used by thousands at least as well. Few people
               | will put hours and energy into something that will only
               | be used by, say, three users.
               | 
               | Rare diseases suffer from the same problem. The cost of
               | development of drugs under current regulatory regime is
               | high and in case of rare disease, cannot be amortized
               | later over a huge set of patients. Moreover, most
               | promising drugs actually _fail_ in human trials, but the
               | costs are already incurred.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | I put a lot of time into things that are only used by one
               | person: me.
        
               | enragedcacti wrote:
               | Two concrete examples of this I can think of are
               | 
               | 1) use of Psylocibin (mushrooms) assisted Congitive
               | Behavioural Therapy for curing PTSD, depression, anxiety,
               | etc. we have seen extremely good results from this and
               | pharma companies could have likely pushed it much much
               | sooner
               | 
               | 2) Biofeedback/Neurofeedback has been around for more
               | than a decade and is under-researched, under-insured, and
               | under-prescribed for treatment of a lot of mental issues
               | from anxiety to post-concussive syndrome to ADHD.
               | 
               | both of these can negate the need for a years or decades
               | long reliance on SSRIs or stimulants.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | Sandoz's original explorations into LSD were medically
               | focused and it was marketed (and distributed for free in
               | high purity) for psychiatric indications, but after it
               | grew in popularity an illicit drug, all pharma got out of
               | the business of working with highly psychoactive
               | compounds for decades because of the negative press
               | assocations.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | You ascribe far more rationality to the process of
               | developing drugs than is actually applied.
               | 
               | Pharma mostly avoids low-profit avenues, but at least
               | partly because that would be a good way to go out of
               | business. However, to suggest that they intentionally
               | suppress researchers with the goal of reducing costs
               | seems a bit far-fetched.
        
               | ldehaan wrote:
               | Found the big pharma PR guy. The people in pharma are
               | 100% not in this for the right reasons. Not one. Look
               | into Every Single one of these companies just a tiny bit
               | and you'll see how absolutely evil they are and by
               | working for them you are complicit. You don't have to
               | agree with reality, but that's reality.
        
               | chefkoch wrote:
               | Huh, if all people working in pharma are complicit with
               | big evil, what is your alternative?
               | 
               | No one should work in pharma?
        
               | GuB-42 wrote:
               | People working in big pharma do it for money. But guess
               | what, I work for money too, and it is the same for >99%
               | of people.
               | 
               | But most people appreciate it when as a side effect,
               | their work save lives.
        
               | dangerlibrary wrote:
               | Researchers need funding.
               | 
               | The problem with "Big Pharma" is generally not with the
               | intentions or capabilities of the researchers - it's with
               | the funding.
        
             | adminscoffee wrote:
             | this is where my mind was going, trying to remain positive
             | and less conspiracy theory though. but it's really not
             | secret that some companies (presumably pharmaceutical
             | companies as well) have to stay in business and sometimes
             | in order to do so, many companies build products that wear
             | out, see how gillette razors came about for more insight on
             | that
        
             | chadash wrote:
             | Unfortunately, it's expensive. The cost of R&D to bring a
             | new drug to market is around $1 billion, and this doesn't
             | include the cost of marketing (though it does include the
             | cost of drugs that fail the approval process)(see
             | https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2762311).
             | At these numbers, it's hard to raise the money unless you
             | think the drug is gonna be profitable.
        
               | noir_lord wrote:
               | On the one hand, yep absolutely.
               | 
               | However on the other hand I look at
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Queen_Elizabeth_(R08)
               | which cost _$4 billon_ to build.
               | 
               | A billion is a lot of money but not for governments, it's
               | kinda tragic when you look at what we spend on some
               | things that we haven't figured out a more sensible way of
               | allocating resources.
        
               | ashtonkem wrote:
               | And we're lucky if those billion dollar military projects
               | even work. More often than not you get a F-35; expensive
               | and underperforming.
        
               | DanHulton wrote:
               | The problem, as it ever seems to be, is capitalism.
        
               | todd8 wrote:
               | What alternative to capitalism are you implying would be
               | better? If you have a viable alternative, just do it
               | yourself. (I'm not saying all by yourself, team up with
               | others to make it happen.)
               | 
               | I'm not being sarcastic, I'm genuinely interested in what
               | you believe would get us from here to a Startrek-like
               | economic system.
        
               | angelzen wrote:
               | Startrek is amazingly devoid of status conflicts.
               | Everybody takes for granted the the BigCaptain is
               | BigCaptain for life and that the SeniorOfficers are
               | SeniorOfficers for life. The crew is content to work
               | routine boring jobs for years on end with exceedingly
               | rare promotions (where to promote to other than a new
               | ship?). Even in a society of small scale material
               | affluence, there are scarce coveted goods, for example,
               | being the captain of a starship.
        
               | 93po wrote:
               | It would require world powers to stop squishing any
               | threats to capitalism for made up reasons
        
               | vidoc wrote:
               | > The cost of R&D to bring a new drug to market is around
               | $1 billion
               | 
               | This is one of the most well know, tired, scammy talking
               | point big-pharma has used for decades.
               | 
               | Hint: in the very document you linked, htere is a
               | 'costing method' section, you might want to read it a bit
               | more carefully and you will discover the big scam:
               | opportunity cost, not cost.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | He he, does anyone remember the Software Publishers
               | Association?
               | 
               | They, together with Microsoft, tried to calculate how
               | much money Microsoft was losing in developing countries.
               | So they went something like: 1 billion PCs x 1 copy of
               | Windows 98 or whatever was popular at the time x $100 per
               | copy, so Microsoft is losing $100 billion.
               | 
               | They just ignored a few key facts. Such as, for example,
               | the fact that many of those 1 billion PC users in
               | developing countries were making $100 per year. So if
               | someone held a gun to their head they still wouldn't have
               | been able to pay the license cost. They would have just
               | used something else, maybe Linux.
        
               | Turing_Machine wrote:
               | Hmmm.... so you're arguing that it _doesn 't_ take years
               | of time and billions of dollars to bring a drug to
               | market?
               | 
               | Then why aren't you (or, at least, _someone_ ) out there
               | developing new drugs on the cheap to undercut "Big
               | Pharma"? Your opportunity awaits, dude.
        
               | vidoc wrote:
               | > Hmmm.... so you're arguing that it doesn't take years
               | of time and billions of dollars to bring a drug to
               | market?
               | 
               | You just made a straw-man argument.
               | 
               | I posted a 2 lines comment highlighting the fact that
               | cost and opportunity cost are two very different things,
               | to the point that the claim that taking a drug to market
               | costing literally billions of dollars to poor drug
               | companies can be taken with a grain of salt.
               | 
               | You main take-away was that I am "arguing that it doesn't
               | take years of time and billions of dollars to bring a
               | drug to market".
        
               | Turing_Machine wrote:
               | No, I didn't make any kind of "straw man argument".
               | 
               | In your original post, you referred to the claim that it
               | costs billions of dollars as a "scam", which is exactly
               | the same thing as calling it false (indeed, it's not only
               | calling it false, it's calling it intentionally and
               | perhaps criminally false).
               | 
               | Now you're trying to walk back that claim by watering it
               | down to "take it with a grain of salt" rather than
               | calling it a "scam", but you did, in fact, deny that it
               | costs billions.
               | 
               | If it doesn't, in fact, cost billions, why isn't someone
               | undercutting them?
        
               | vidoc wrote:
               | > In your original post, you referred to the claim that
               | it costs billions of dollars as a "scam"
               | 
               | Yes and I still mean it, it is a scam because now people
               | cite this study and think 'cost' where in reality they
               | should think 'opportunity cost'.
               | 
               | I'm not walking back anything, this is literally a
               | talking point coming from some lobbyists to justify the
               | widespread practice of fake pricing of drugs in the US.
               | 
               | Let me just copy paste the relevant section in the
               | document that we are referring to.
               | 
               | "First, we summed direct and indirect research and
               | development spending on a therapeutic agent in each year.
               | All sums were inflation adjusted to 2018 dollars using
               | the US consumer price index.
               | 
               | Second, we accounted for failed projects by dividing
               | total research and development expenditures on a drug in
               | a particular year by the corresponding aggregate phase-
               | specific probability of success, similar to what was done
               | in previous studies of costs of drug development.3-7 For
               | example, for each drug, we divided phase 1 costs in each
               | year by 0.138, which accounted for spending on the other
               | 6.2 phase 1 trials that would fail, on average, for each
               | successful development program. We used phase 1 rates to
               | adjust preclinical expenditures, and we used the
               | proportion of biologics license applications and new drug
               | applications that are approved by the FDA to adjust costs
               | once these applications were submitted to the agency for
               | regulatory approval. Licensing fees and milestone
               | payments, where captured, were adjusted using the success
               | rate for the trial phase that was ongoing when the
               | payments were made. When a phase shift took place within
               | the financial year, we allocated the cost proportionally
               | to the time spent in each phase. For example, if
               | development moved from phase 1 to phase 2 on July 1 of a
               | given year, we divided the costs equally between each
               | phase. Similarly, in the year of approval, we multiplied
               | the total cost by the fraction of the year elapsed by the
               | time of approval. Hence, if a drug was approved on July
               | 1, we only counted 50% of the costs in the year of
               | approval since firms often incurred postapproval costs
               | related to pharmacovigilance or testing in other
               | indications.
               | 
               | Third, we applied a real cost of capital rate of 10.5%
               | per year (ie, weighted average cost of capital in the
               | pharmaceutical industry), as in the DiMasi et al study.4
               | Cost of capital is the required rate of return for an
               | investor and encapsulates a risk-free rate (ie,
               | opportunity cost) and premium based on the likelihood of
               | business failure.24"
        
               | miked85 wrote:
               | > _You main take-away was that I am "arguing that it
               | doesn't take years of time and billions of dollars to
               | bring a drug to market"._
               | 
               | That actually does seem to be your main point.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | anonuser123456 wrote:
       | Does this molecule inhibit replication of related coronaviruses
       | or is it highly specific to SARS-CoV-2?
        
         | ImaCake wrote:
         | Wikipedia suggests they first tried it on a lethal cat
         | coronavirus. And the enzyme it inhibits, 3CL, is found in all
         | coronaviriae. So one suspects this works against most
         | coronaviruses.
        
       | TacticalCoder wrote:
       | So no we have the Pfizer vaccine (which I got) who cuts the risk
       | of both catching the virus and the risk of severe complication by
       | a lot (forgot the number but it's big) and in addition to that we
       | now have Pfizer oral medication that can be given to positive
       | cases and which reduces both hospitalization and death risk by
       | 85%.
       | 
       | When can life go back to normal?
        
         | zapdrive wrote:
         | Lol, you think life will go back to normal? That's cute. Just
         | like how airport security went back to normal a few years after
         | 9/11? The powers of the world are not going to let this
         | pandemic go to waste. There's a lot of money to be made and a
         | lot of freedoms to be trampled.
        
           | dang wrote:
           | Please don't take HN threads further into flamewar. It makes
           | discussions predictable, tedious, and nasty.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
           | 
           | Edit: you've been posting like this a lot. Can you please
           | stop that? It's not what this site is for, we ban such
           | accounts, and I don't want to ban you. If you'd please review
           | the guidelines and fix this, we'd appreciate it.
        
       | fredliu wrote:
       | > As a protease inhibitor, Paxlovid is free from the theoretical
       | DNA-alteration risk tied to the mechanism of action of Merck's
       | molnupiravir.
       | 
       | This is the line I was looking for. Not that I know how protease
       | inhibitor works, but looks more like a traditional anti-viral
       | approach v.s. the potentially DNA altering molnupiravir.
        
         | isoprophlex wrote:
         | Whoa, well spotted, and good news!
         | 
         | When I first read about molnupiravir's mode of action, my gut
         | reaction was "cancer in a pill, no thanks"
        
         | ImaCake wrote:
         | In brief, coronaviruses make all their proteins as one long
         | chain and then cut it up into the appropriate pieces to form
         | the proteins (spike etc). 3CL protease is the cutting machine
         | and Paxlovid inhibits that.
        
           | thehappypm wrote:
           | It also means it's going to be very difficult for the virus
           | to be able to mutate to evade this. The protease is the
           | beating heart.
        
           | evross wrote:
           | It's interesting to learn about. Other molecules are also
           | found to inhibit replication of 3CL protease in SARS cov-2
           | [1].
           | 
           | The UK scientific advisory group SAGE published a few months
           | ago that combination therapy might be useful to avoid
           | 'antiviral resistant' strains of SARS cov-2 evolving. Perhaps
           | these 3cl protease inhibitors may be used in combination.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-020-01577-x
        
         | thehappypm wrote:
         | I doubt we'll see molnupiravir getting approved in this context
         | now. I think the mechanism just has too much risk.
        
           | caleb-allen wrote:
           | Are you a pharmaceutical research scientist?
        
             | thehappypm wrote:
             | Do I need to be to have an opinion?
        
           | inglor_cz wrote:
           | Already approved in the UK:
           | 
           | https://www.bbc.com/news/health-59163899
        
             | thehappypm wrote:
             | The UK is very different from the US. They seem hell-bent
             | on approving everything. Even historically (thalidomide).
        
             | somewhereoutth wrote:
             | Unfortunately in the UK there has been political pressure
             | to do absolutely anything (no matter how questionable - e.g
             | challenge trials) that _isn 't_ imposing even the slightest
             | restriction.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | Rolling review for the EU is underway. Let's wait how it
               | turns out.
               | 
               | https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/covid-19-ema-starts-
               | rollin...
        
       | jdlyga wrote:
       | This is excellent news. Vaccines and an easy to get prescription
       | treatment like tamiflu are how this stops being a pandemic.
        
       | inwardsword wrote:
       | Press X to doubt.
        
       | colordrops wrote:
       | Does anyone have a sense as to when US society will completely
       | eliminate COVID measures? Is it just me or is there no clear exit
       | criteria anymore? This will go on forever without exit criteria.
        
         | wonderwonder wrote:
         | My guess is that the end game is when the vaccine mandate goes
         | into effect in January. Most people will get vaccinated and
         | those that don't wont and nothing will make them. At that point
         | in time all that could be done has been done and life goes on.
         | Optimally enough will be to grant some form of herd immunity or
         | reducing the spread. I'll just get a booster when I can and go
         | about my life. I have for all intents and purpose resumed
         | normal life. I wear a mask in a grocery store most of the time
         | just to give some respect to the cashiers who are wearing them
         | but that's essentially it.
        
           | bad_username wrote:
           | > Most people will get vaccinated and those that don't wont
           | and nothing will make them.
           | 
           | I am almost certain they will _mandate_ the vaccination of
           | children 5 and older.
        
             | wonderwonder wrote:
             | I think that will be on a state by state basis as from my
             | understanding the individual states set the vaccine
             | requirements for schools. I guess the federal government
             | could try to do something along the lines of the OSHA
             | requirement but I think that would be a political misfire
             | in this environment. Most of what (all) politicians do is
             | to get reelected and I think mandating child Covid
             | vaccination would not work in the current administrations
             | favor especially considering what a good job the republican
             | party has done leveraging the boogey man of critical race
             | theory. So I am doubtful that they mandate vaccines for
             | kids. I could be wrong though.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | I don't know but I haven't had a cold or any other infection in
         | 18 months so I hope that wearing masks on trains, planes and
         | buses stays forever. Also, shaking hands was always barbaric
         | and I don't miss that, either.
        
           | umanwizard wrote:
           | My personal opinion, which reasonable people may of course
           | disagree with depending on how they weight various factors,
           | is that forcing people to regularly hide their faces in
           | public is too large a price to pay to avoid sometimes getting
           | a cold.
        
             | guitarbill wrote:
             | Maybe not forcing, but if people did it as a curtesy to not
             | get other people sick? Of course, that already happens in
             | some places, and will never happen in others.
        
               | Djrhfbfnsks wrote:
               | Pre-covid Japan had the right balance IMO. It was common
               | to (voluntarily) wear a mask in public when you had a
               | cold (or didn't feel like putting on make-up), but no one
               | was going to force you to wear one.
        
           | jdminhbg wrote:
           | People are really confusing the effects of "wearing a mask on
           | the bus" with the effects of "closing offices and schools
           | down."
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | What a horrible idea. I'm not willing to wear a mask just to
           | avoid a cold. We cannot allow irrational germaphobes to seize
           | control of our society in the name of "safety".
        
             | jatone wrote:
             | jesus people they said they hope it stays: aka socially it
             | becomes normalized. No one is advocating forcing people to
             | wear masks forever.
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | I very strongly hope that it doesn't become socially
               | normalized.
        
               | guscost wrote:
               | Any society that normalizes this level of paranoid
               | hypochondria will be a dead society before long.
        
               | yibg wrote:
               | Japan seems to be doing ok.
        
               | mixmastamyk wrote:
               | Hat, sunglasses, mask now recommended for the facial-
               | recognition future.
        
         | anthonypasq wrote:
         | not exactly sure where you live but they are completely gone in
         | most of the country. I live in a solidly blue New England state
         | and I havent seriously thought about Covid for months.
         | 
         | been going to packed bars, house parties, restaurants, music
         | festivals, concerts all with no masks
        
           | pwned1 wrote:
           | Except now we have a federal government which thinks it knows
           | best and will force medical decisions on you.
        
             | jungturk wrote:
             | Yes, the US populace has elected to fund a public health
             | organization which has advised on public health measures
             | since its inception (which is not recent or coincident with
             | Covid-19).
             | 
             | You are not forced to take any vaccine, though many (public
             | and private) institutions will require you to do so to
             | participate in their functions (e.g. attending public
             | school, serving in the military, working in hospitals,
             | etc...).
             | 
             | In any case, the will being applied is that of the people
             | (indirectly) through its (mostly) elected representatives
             | (who could abolish the public health organization any time
             | it chose), not some nefarious government.
        
               | skrbjc wrote:
               | This is the trick. Force private companies to force you
               | so that we can technically say we're not forcing you so
               | you should shut-up you walking bio-weapon.
               | 
               | I hope you understand how ridiculous this is.
        
               | zionic wrote:
               | > You are not forced to take any vaccine
               | 
               | Can we please just stop? "Take this or lose your job and
               | pension" is not a choice.
        
               | ginja wrote:
               | I mean, it is because you can look for another job or
               | start your own business if that's the hill you want to
               | die on.
               | 
               | But in general society has rules and we must abide by
               | them if we want to participate. For instance I'm sure
               | most people wouldn't appreciate if I walked around naked,
               | which does not harm anyone unlike needlessly having an
               | increased risk of contracting and/or spreading COVID.
        
               | jatone wrote:
               | and forcing people to work with walking bioweapons is not
               | a choice either, so I don't see your point.
               | 
               | losing a job is not nearly as problematic as killing
               | people because someone couldn't be arsed to take a couple
               | jabs.
        
               | nafix wrote:
               | How disingenuous. It's been proven time and again that
               | those who have been vaccinated can still catch and
               | transmit Covid.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Please stop spreading misinformation. I encourage
               | everyone eligible to get vaccinated, but by your
               | definition vaccinated people are also "walking
               | bioweapons". The main benefit of vaccination is in
               | preventing severe symptoms, not transmission. Since the
               | virus is now endemic we'll all likely get infected
               | eventually regardless of vaccination rates.
               | 
               | https://www.businessinsider.com/delta-variant-made-herd-
               | immu...
               | 
               | https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS147
               | 3-3...
               | 
               | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02689-y
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | > but by your definition vaccinated people are also
               | "walking bioweapons".
               | 
               | Worse than unvaccinated really, since they're less likely
               | to get sick they won't know they're infected and that
               | they should try to stay home.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | We've done that for decades in this country.
             | 
             | > All 50 states (plus the District of Columbia) mandate
             | diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), polio,
             | measles, rubella and chickenpox. In addition, every state
             | except Iowa mandates immunization against mumps.
             | 
             | https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/10/08/states-
             | have...
        
               | AndrewBissell wrote:
               | The comparison to mandates for children to receive well-
               | tested and -understood vaccines, against illnesses far
               | more threatening to them than Covid, for the narrow
               | purpose of attending public school, is so dishonest as to
               | be a form of gaslighting.
               | 
               | FWIW I believe Florida is in the process of relaxing
               | mandates for some of the other required vaccinations --
               | certainly there is now political hay to be made from
               | doing so because the concept has been so poisoned by the
               | Covid vaccine mandaters.
        
               | standardUser wrote:
               | "well-tested and -understood vaccines"
               | 
               | In what way are the COVID vaccines not well-tested or not
               | well understood? I understand many laypeople want to
               | declare an arbitrary length of time that they can pretend
               | means a new drug is safe. But the professionals who have
               | informed opinions on the matter are essentially in
               | unanimous agreement that these vaccines have been proven
               | safe.
        
               | skrbjc wrote:
               | The point is that if you aren't in agreement, then you
               | can't be part of the group of people that say they are
               | safe.
               | 
               | They have tried making MRNA shots for a long time with
               | consistently negative results. Maybe they got it right
               | this time, but still there is reason to be skeptical, as
               | a "lay" person you have to trust the system that this
               | shot was produced properly, tested properly, stored
               | properly, and administered properly. Even if on a large
               | scale there are low risks, something can go wrong on any
               | one of those steps.
               | 
               | We also have never had a shot like this brought to market
               | in such a short period of time. There is barely a year of
               | data in the public, and that data is heavily politicized.
               | It's nearly impossible to ask an honest question as
               | someone who may be worried for fear of being labeled a
               | lunatic or a "walking bio-weapon" as someone said before
               | in this very thread.
               | 
               | And then we see how much money a company like pfizer has
               | made off of this, and their track-record in the past as
               | well as the track record of many other pharmaceutical
               | companies, and you have a recipe for people to be
               | worried. Remember, public health looks at outcomes on a
               | population level. If they push something and they think
               | it will have a net benefit overall, they are not thinking
               | about you and your own risk profile. You have to do that
               | and unfortunately we're increasingly telling people that
               | doesn't matter, that you must do what is right for the
               | group and by-the-way, you can't possibly know what's
               | right for you anyway.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | > for the narrow purpose of attending public school
               | 
               | That doesn't seem all that narrow; 90% of the population
               | goes through the public school system. (Side note: I'm in
               | NY, and our vaccination mandate covers private/religious
               | schools, too.)
               | 
               | > well-tested and -understood vaccines
               | 
               | Like the COVID vaccines, sweet.
               | 
               | > illnesses far more threatening to them than Covid
               | 
               | Missed the chickenpox one, did you? Killed ~100/year
               | before the vaccines. COVID's killed 805 children in the
               | US so far, per https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-
               | tracker/#demographics.
        
               | AndrewBissell wrote:
               | > > _well-tested and -understood vaccines
               | 
               | > Like the COVID vaccines, sweet_
               | 
               | More gaslighting. The publications from the manufacturers
               | themselves are chock full of unanswered questions and
               | risks they say we must wait years for the answer to.
        
               | Gwarzo wrote:
               | This would be acceptable to me if the vaccinations were
               | in any way comparable. The diseases you speak of have
               | been known for centuries (I am comfortable being wrong on
               | that) and the vaccines have been tested and are
               | understood as part of being distributed for decades.
               | 
               | This is a common argument, and honestly it's garbage.
        
               | standardUser wrote:
               | "the vaccines have been tested and are understood as part
               | of being distributed for decades."
               | 
               | Obviously during the first years they were in use these
               | vaccines had not been "distributed for decades". That's
               | the era we're in with COVID.
        
               | AshamedCaptain wrote:
               | Actually, the vaccines they used decades ago are
               | definitely not the same ones they use today. For
               | starters, vaccines from centuries ago tended to have
               | actual non-zero mortality rates.
               | 
               | Vaccines are never tested "for decades" either, because
               | people kind of assume that it is highly unlikely that
               | there are super-long-term side effects from small acute
               | doses. I would tend to agree.
               | 
               | The argument is therefore not garbage at all.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | The difference is that kids still get to go to school if
               | the parents refuse these vaccines. It has never been
               | publicized, but it's always ultimately been up to the
               | parents.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Not here in NY, it's not.
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | LA. School activities and procedures, which are a big part of
           | life for families with kids, are still heavily restricted.
        
         | pwned1 wrote:
         | Depends where you are. In many places life is back to normal
         | and we're free human beings again.
        
         | wincy wrote:
         | I live in Kansas and have basically forgotten COVID is a thing.
         | The people who wanted to get vaccinated like me have and those
         | who haven't, haven't. Nobody asks about it and no businesses
         | have any sort of mask requirements. Half of the people at the
         | grocery store wear masks and the other half don't. Everyone
         | seems to be getting along.
         | 
         | Next door in Kansas City Missouri I stopped at a gas station
         | and an employee was shouting at a woman to put on a mask, then
         | was yelling at the same woman to leave because she refused to
         | comply. I'm glad she didn't see me because I literally didn't
         | think to bring a mask with me and needed to run to the
         | restroom.
         | 
         | I guess 5 miles difference magically makes COVID much more
         | contagious.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | Odd that you have forgotten it since Kansas, if it were it's
           | own country, would have been a top-5 world hotspot for COVID
           | deaths only 6 weeks ago. Is your memory really that short?
        
           | tonyedgecombe wrote:
           | >I guess 5 miles difference magically makes COVID much more
           | contagious.
           | 
           | In my nearest town (in the UK) there are two supermarkets. In
           | the budget one (Aldi) nobody wears a mask, in the upmarket
           | one (Waitrose) everybody does.
        
             | BoxOfRain wrote:
             | I've noticed that, Waitroses and doctor's surgeries seem to
             | be the last bastion of English mask-wearing. I wonder what
             | the correlation actually is fundamentally? Waitrose's
             | clientele are wealthier and therefore older and more
             | concious of COVID?
        
               | skrbjc wrote:
               | It's virtue signaling
        
           | bshoemaker wrote:
           | Lol it's nice that you can just send all the covid patients
           | to the city to get treated and you guys can pretend covid
           | doesn't exist
        
           | swader999 wrote:
           | It may be a forgotten thing but the new federal mandates are
           | coming that to work you must be vaccinated.
        
           | peeters wrote:
           | > I guess 5 miles difference magically makes COVID much more
           | contagious.
           | 
           | Well, based on case and death counts between the two states,
           | this is true. Kansas has significantly higher case and death
           | rates than Missouri.
        
           | 10x-dev wrote:
           | I've always found it strange that some Americans focus on
           | politeness above all.
           | 
           | Of all the problems in your story, the employee shouting is
           | the least 'wrong'. You've got a woman who won't wear a mask,
           | yourself who sneaked in without a mask, and that's just in
           | that moment of time, but somehow the employee who has to deal
           | with that behavior all day every day is the bad person
           | because they lost their cool.
           | 
           | It's one of those 'everyone sucks here' stories.
        
             | wincy wrote:
             | I mean, I saw the "masks required in this county" sign, but
             | I really needed to pee. I knew I was going to be driving
             | through that county for about 20 more minutes, so I checked
             | my car for a mask. I couldn't find one as there's no mask
             | mandate in my area so I've stopped carrying a mask around.
             | I then held my shirt up as best I could as a "mask" and
             | made a bee line for the bathroom. If they'd had masks at
             | the door I'd have been perfectly fine with putting one on.
             | 
             | I wasn't making any judgment about the woman yelling at
             | people, I'd be mad if I was being threatened with fines by
             | the local government for having maskless people in my
             | establishment too.
        
               | teachrdan wrote:
               | > I'd be mad if I was being threatened with fines by the
               | local government for having maskless people in my
               | establishment too.
               | 
               | Ha. Perhaps she was mad because she was at risk of being
               | exposed to Covid all day long due to boneheads who were
               | incapable of reading, or wearing a mask, and some of them
               | turned around and gave her grief for it?
        
               | renlo wrote:
               | Sounds like she should be vaccinated
        
               | splistud wrote:
               | That could be it. But there's of course no way to know
               | what the source of her neurosis is with no further
               | information.
        
             | dtech wrote:
             | I didn't read the comment as putting the employee in a bad
             | light.
        
             | dymk wrote:
             | He's vaccinated, so it seems a little dramatic to be
             | calling OP a bad person and that they suck.
        
               | striking wrote:
               | A more charitable reading is that the people involved in
               | OP's story suck.
        
               | dymk wrote:
               | That's a misreading, because GP explicitly calls out OPs
               | behavior as bad.
        
               | keneda7 wrote:
               | Vaccinated people still spread the covid and vaccinated
               | people still get covid. Most of my friend group was
               | infected when two vaccinated friends came up to visit.
               | They said they were feeling sick but because they were
               | vaccinated it was fine. I think everyone in the group but
               | 1 person was vaccinated.
               | 
               | The idea that once you are vaccinated you don't need to
               | social distance or wear a mask is wrong and is getting
               | people sick. In fact a vaccinated infection appears to
               | have the same viral load as an unvaccinated.
               | https://www.ucdavis.edu/health/covid-19/news/viral-loads-
               | sim...
               | 
               | If I'm out in public, I wear socks everyday (well most),
               | I wear a shirt, I wear pants. Its not much of a stretch
               | to wear a mask out in public too.
        
               | dymk wrote:
               | Vaccinated people don't take up hospital beds. That's the
               | resource that's constrained.
               | 
               | Vaccinated people also have a lower rate of transmission.
        
               | Karawebnetwork wrote:
               | The vaccine protects you but still allows you to carry
               | and spread a viral load. The mask protects people around
               | you but not yourself but limiting the viral load that you
               | can spread.
               | 
               | By being a vaccinated unmasked person in a crowd of non-
               | vaccinated people, you possibly become a super spreader.
        
               | shepherdjerred wrote:
               | The vaccine drastically reduces your chance to spread the
               | virus.
               | 
               | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.07.13.212603
               | 93v...
        
             | covfa3hah wrote:
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
             | 
             | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
        
           | danielvf wrote:
           | Pretty much the same story in South Carolina. Outside retail
           | workers, mask usage in my hyper local area is about 2%. Life
           | has been basically completely normal since June 2020.
        
             | 40four wrote:
             | I live in South Carolina as well, and I can confirm (I
             | think you meant 2021 not 2020?). Most people in my city
             | have been going about life as usual since ~ May if this
             | year. Almost nobody wears masks. Everything is open. And
             | guess what? We're all good!
             | 
             | The sky isn't falling. Hospitals aren't being overrun. Life
             | is good, and I can remember the last time I worried or had
             | anxiety about Covid.
             | 
             | There seems to be a group of people who still believe we
             | can 'beat' Covid. That somehow we make it go away, with
             | endless restrictions. In reality, it is here to stay, and
             | we will have to live with it for the rest of our lives.
        
               | VRay wrote:
               | https://covid19.healthdata.org/united-states-of-
               | america/sout...
               | 
               | Doesn't look too bad so far as the USA goes, although if
               | legal gun owners or Mexican cartel members were out there
               | killing 40 people a day, you'd be screaming bloody murder
               | about it
        
               | NullPrefix wrote:
               | How many people are dying because of obesity? There's an
               | epidemic going on and I hear no bloody murder screams
               | near any McDonald's
        
               | robflynn wrote:
               | Let me know when a fat person walking into a room makes
               | other people fat.
        
               | NullPrefix wrote:
               | He carries donuts. Frosted with layers or sugar.
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | South Carolina has had a pretty high number of cases
               | since mid year [1]. Higher than the late 2020/early 2021
               | surge which was before vaccination.
               | 
               | It hasn't been doing all that great on death rates,
               | either [2]. A bit worse than the Southern average, and
               | quite a bit worse than the other regions of the US.
               | 
               | South Carolina has now reached the same death total per
               | capita as the Northeast [3], which is quite astounding.
               | 
               | The Northeast got there by having a large number of
               | people die early in the first couple of months of the
               | pandemic as it tore through high density communities of
               | especially vulnerable people while we were still trying
               | to figure out basic things like how to treat it and what
               | measures were practical and effective for limiting
               | spread.
               | 
               | That should have cemented the Northeast as the US COVID
               | death leader for the rest of the pandemic. But South
               | Carolina in the last couple of months, despite over half
               | the people being vaccinated, as managed to get a death
               | rate that looks almost like an early pandemic Northeast
               | death rate, eliminated the death gap.
               | 
               | [1] http://91-divoc.com/pages/covid-
               | visualization/?chart=states-...
               | 
               | [2] http://91-divoc.com/pages/covid-
               | visualization/?chart=states-...
               | 
               | [3] http://91-divoc.com/pages/covid-
               | visualization/?chart=states-...
        
             | zapdrive wrote:
             | Being in BC, Canada sucks. I went in to an Apple store to
             | buy the fully loaded MacBook M1 max, with 6000 dollars in
             | my hand (literally). And was told to leave the store
             | because my mask didn't cover my nose. I'm buying a Razer 15
             | now.
             | 
             | And I'm fully vaccinated. Not because I was scared of
             | getting sick (i already contacted COVID twice before the
             | vaccine, including the Delta variant), but because I was
             | shamed into getting it (think about the
             | immunocompromised!!!). And now I'm being told that vaccine
             | doesn't prevent transmission? So now I'm being shamed into
             | wearing a mask.
             | 
             | And now the govt is trying to bully the 10% teachers who
             | are not vaccinated. They might lose their jobs if they
             | don't get the shots. Think about the children!!! But wait a
             | minute, the vaccines don't prevent transmission. So even if
             | the teachers get vaccinated, how is it going to help the
             | children?
        
               | jjwiseman wrote:
               | If you don't understand by now that vaccines
               | significantly reduce transmission, you just need to
               | google "do covid vaccines reduce transmission". The top
               | results are links to the CDC, Nature, New Scientist, the
               | New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet, and more,
               | all saying that vaccines significantly reduce
               | transmission.
               | 
               | Vaccines significantly reduce transmission, so if someone
               | is telling you they don't, you need to re-evaluate
               | whether you should trust that person and any information
               | they're giving you.
               | 
               | (P.S. SARS-CoV-2 is a virus with airborne transmission
               | that loves nasal passages, so it's probably pretty
               | important that your mask cover your nose. So far, there's
               | no evidence that the virus cares at all about how much
               | money you have in your hand.)
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | > CDC, Nature, New Scientist, the New England Journal of
               | Medicine, The Lancet
               | 
               | None of these sources are trusted by the people who don't
               | want the vaccine.
        
               | ldehaan wrote:
               | You must be young.
        
             | frealy wrote:
             | Here in San Francisco, a.k.a. East Germany the Stasi are
             | _very_ strong.
             | 
             | Even 5 year olds now have to show proof of vaccine _and_
             | wear a mask to enter most private companies.
             | 
             | Either masks work or they don't. Either vaccines work or
             | they don't. Pick one asssholes.
             | 
             | The mayor herself won't follow her very own draconian covid
             | orders.
             | 
             | The governor of California won't follow his very own
             | draconian covid orders. He also won't vaccinate his own
             | daughter.
             | 
             | FUCK EVERY PIECE OF LOW-LIFE DEMOCRAT LIBERAL FUCKING PIECE
             | OF SHIT IN SAN FRANCISCO.
             | 
             | I know you all are reading this so please go jump off the
             | big beautiful bridge of ours or jump in front of Cal-Train.
             | You people are FUCKING LOSERS.
             | 
             | I hope you all get FUCKED! If you somehow survive the next
             | year just wait cause the right wing death squads are coming
             | for you.
             | 
             | We will throw you out of planes at 30,000 feet over the
             | fucking ocean.
             | 
             | LIBERALS: You ARE FUCKED!
        
             | Panther34543 wrote:
             | Where in South Carolina are you?
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > I guess 5 miles difference magically makes COVID much more
           | contagious.
           | 
           | No, 5 miles means you have a different government with a
           | different policy response. (The difference itself doesn't
           | justify either side.)
           | 
           | That's just inherent in the existence of political borders.
        
             | dymk wrote:
             | Yeah, that's the joke
        
               | bena wrote:
               | It's a bad one. Because it only works if the numbers are
               | the same across both states.
               | 
               | But Missouri is doing better than Kansas.
               | 
               | So unless the virus is somehow less contagious in
               | Missouri, it seems like Kansas is just being an idiot in
               | this case.
        
               | anonfornoreason wrote:
               | Depends on your metric. It's perfectly reasonable to
               | think that Kansas is doing better than Missouri because
               | more people are able to lead the life they want.
               | 
               | There are other metrics beside "least fatalities" to
               | factor.
        
               | captainredbeard wrote:
               | The death rate difference could be due to something as
               | simple as a higher percentage of seniors in the state,
               | for instance, or differing population densities. Hacker
               | News is full of sophists.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | " _Please don 't sneer, including at the rest of the
               | community._"
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
               | 
               | Your comment would be just fine without that swipe.
        
               | kickopotomus wrote:
               | Median age in Kansas is 36.7. Median age in Missouri is
               | 38.6. Kansas has 4 towns with population densities
               | >4000/sq mile. Missouri has 38 towns with population
               | densities >4000/sq mile.
        
               | pfortuny wrote:
               | Looks like anxiety is better in Kansas, though...
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Please don't take HN threads further into regional
               | flamewar, or any flamewar. It's not what this site is
               | for.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
               | neuronexmachina wrote:
               | I was curious, and it looks like the metrics for Kansas
               | and Missouri for infections, mask use,
               | hospitalizations/deaths, and social distancing are all
               | pretty similar: https://covid19.healthdata.org/united-
               | states-of-america/kans...
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | Gwarzo wrote:
             | I appreciate you explaining that.. allow me to explain
             | something to you.
             | 
             | The parent statement was not literal, making your expansion
             | meaningless and honestly a little stunning.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > The parent statement was not literal
               | 
               | Correct. Instead it was agenda driven sarcasm, which
               | while not forbidden on HN, adds nothing to, and always
               | lowers the quality of discussion.
               | 
               | Rather than take the emotional bait and be sarcastic in
               | return, the person who responded pointed out the
               | misrepresentation that was behind the sarcasm, which is
               | the most civil way to address it.
               | 
               | Their response was far more measured and constructive
               | than the "take it to Reddit" response that the parent
               | comment type usually elicits. There was absolutely
               | nothing stunning about it - rather it was a standard
               | civil response method in a debate whose civility has been
               | lowered through sarcasm.
        
           | Vrondi wrote:
           | I'm in a very educated university town, and very few people
           | wear masks here any longer in public.
        
           | danans wrote:
           | In California, except for wearing masks in retail
           | establishments, everything has been back to normal for
           | months. School has been full time in person, and traffic
           | sucks once again.
        
             | colordrops wrote:
             | I wouldn't call it "back to normal".
             | 
             | In addition to the mask mandates, which are more bothersome
             | than you make out (e.g. it's pretty tiring to do cardio at
             | the gym with a mask), there are other restrictions. Parents
             | aren't allowed on our school campus, we don't have any in-
             | person school events, kids get tested once a week, kids
             | have to stay at 3 feet from each other at school, no wind
             | instrument classes.
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | That's on your school/county. None of those are mandated
               | by the state.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | Isn't the point of doing cardio work to be tired? To
               | stress your lungs and heart? That's why extreme athletes
               | wear masks while doing cardio... I'm sure a little
               | surgical mask isn't as difficult as this:
               | 
               | https://www.trainingmask.com
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > e.g. it's pretty tiring to do cardio at the gym with a
               | mask
               | 
               | Those restrictions are on their way out:
               | 
               | https://abc7news.com/amp/face-masks-mask-mandates-bay-
               | area-i...
               | 
               | > Parents aren't allowed on our school campus, we don't
               | have any in-person school events, kids get tested once a
               | week, kids have to stay at 3 feet from each other at
               | school, no wood wind instrument classes.
               | 
               | Not sure where you are but in my very urban CA city,
               | except for testing which is a very good thing IMO, none
               | of these rules are in place.
               | 
               | This morning, the parent community met for donuts at the
               | elementary school campus, where kids were playing close-
               | contact basketball. The local middle school jazz band -
               | with plenty of wind instruments - played recently at the
               | local street fair as a fundraiser, and it's clear they
               | had been practicing.
               | 
               | Then again, around here vaccine and mask wearing rates
               | are extremely high, so we basically had very little in
               | the way of outbreaks and community transmission. It seems
               | like when a critical majority of people are civically
               | considerate and voluntarily mask and vaccinate, life can
               | go on pretty close to normal.
        
             | skrbjc wrote:
             | Where are you in CA? Here in the Bay Area, at least East
             | Bay, you have to wear a mask to go shopping. >90% of people
             | at the parks are wearing masks, we can't go into the
             | daycare to pick up our son and the nanny wears a mask all
             | day, you can't sit in a restaurant unless you show your id
             | and paperwork proving you have a vaccine. Heck, I see kids
             | and adults riding their bikes or skateboarding without a
             | helmet or any protection but they have their mask on! Not
             | sure what "normal" meant to you before, but it's definitely
             | not any definition of normal to me, unless you take it that
             | we are going to be living with all of this forever.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | Well, apparently Kansas is passing the buck to other places: 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/reply?id=29119688&goto=item%3Fi.
           | ..
        
         | TheHypnotist wrote:
         | My company is fairly standard with the state we are in. They
         | are extremely cautious, put emphasis on safety, but did get to
         | a point where if you are vaccinated, you can go maskless...
         | right up until the delta variant surge started infecting and
         | killing people at an alarming rate.
         | 
         | Now we're JUST starting to talk about relaxing again. If this
         | is any barometer, not to mention the rate of which we are
         | seeing pills/vaccines/what have you, I imagine 2022. Outside of
         | work, things are largely "normal".
         | 
         | For what it's worth - I live in a dense Northern state not
         | seeing a surge of cases.
        
         | jartelt wrote:
         | I could see things starting to really ease up once all children
         | have had a chance to be vaccinated and everyone else has had a
         | chance to get their 6 month booster shot.
        
           | salemh wrote:
           | Children aren't at risk from Covid at all.
           | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01897-w In the US,
           | 340 children under 17 have died from Covid. Total. During the
           | same period, 187 have died from the flu, and over 51,000
           | children have died from all causes:
           | 
           | https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid_weekly/index.htm#Se.
           | ..
           | 
           | They are more likely to be injured by these vaccines and
           | neurotic parents stuffing them into masks for hours at a
           | time.
           | 
           | Sweden halts Moderna: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/covid-
           | vaccine-moderna-sweden-ha...
           | 
           | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-08/iceland-j.
           | ..
           | 
           | 117 children murdered for profit.
           | https://stevekirsch.substack.com/p/we-will-kill-117-kids-
           | to-...
        
             | kevin_b_er wrote:
             | Last link is from a propaganda peddler and should be
             | treated with extreme caution.
             | 
             | https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/10/05/1036408/silicon
             | -...
        
             | jartelt wrote:
             | A portion of parents are very worried about Covid in their
             | children. These parents have sway with school
             | administrators and local governments. All I am saying is
             | that I doubt we get total easing of Covid restrictions
             | until these kids have had ample chance to be vaccinated.
             | I'm not making any arguments or claims about what you are
             | taking about.
        
             | thedorkknight wrote:
             | "at all"? What? Tons of children end up with post-acute
             | sequelae. Where are people getting this notion that the
             | only possible negative outcome of viral or bacterial
             | infections is death and that that's the only stat we should
             | look at?
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7927578/
        
               | skrbjc wrote:
               | Where are people getting this notion that the only
               | possible negative outcome of unnecessary vaccination is
               | death and that that's the only stat we should look at?
               | 
               | fixed that for you
        
               | thedorkknight wrote:
               | Didn't mention anything about vaccinations. Don't be
               | disingenuous.
               | 
               | The guy above literally said "Children aren't at risk
               | from Covid AT ALL".
        
             | ssully wrote:
             | Do children who get infected spread it?
        
               | swader999 wrote:
               | They do, but not as much as adults. They have much
               | smaller noses. Seems silly but it's physics.
        
           | Steltek wrote:
           | Not everyone is eligible for a booster shot.
        
             | jartelt wrote:
             | Yes - which why I doubt we will see full "reopening"
             | everywhere until they open up boosters to everyone and
             | provide time for people who want them to get them.
        
             | jungturk wrote:
             | This is true, but moot in my area.
             | 
             | The local pharmacies that administer the vaccines are not
             | validating your eligibility. Those I know who are
             | interested in the 3rd round, and beyond 6 months from their
             | 2nd, have received it.
        
               | Steltek wrote:
               | People making up their own rules is the defining problem
               | of the pandemic.
        
               | wonderwonder wrote:
               | Sure, but I don't think people getting a booster that may
               | not be qualified are going to prolong the pandemic, quite
               | the opposite. There is more than enough supply.
        
             | foogazi wrote:
             | Right now - sure, same case with the covid vaccine in the
             | first few months it was available
        
         | willcipriano wrote:
         | After the midterms is my guess.
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | Santa Clara County (aka Silicon Valley) has put out hard limits
         | as to when the mask mandates will leave:
         | 
         | When hospitalization and community transmission is "low" based
         | on the CDC definition of low, and when 80% of the total
         | population is vaccinated or eight weeks from yesterday,
         | whichever comes first. They also publish a dashboard with the
         | information so anyone can see how we are progressing:
         | https://covid19.sccgov.org/dashboards
         | 
         | We were at almost 80% vax rate for 12+ already and
         | hospitalizations are currently low and have been for a while,
         | however community transmission remains high.
         | 
         | So at least in our county they have specific standards as to
         | when the restrictions leave. Other than a mask mandate, there
         | are no other restrictions anymore, except for school kids.
        
         | wonderwonder wrote:
         | Florida is essentially back to normal. Cashiers in most of the
         | large grocery chains and ~50% of restaurant workers still wear
         | masks, hit and miss in most other stores. Most people who come
         | to the house don't wear them, for example, have had a
         | contractor, electrician and cleaning crew at the house in the
         | last week. Electrician wore a mask, no one else did. People are
         | vaccinated who wanted it (I am), and optimally a booster will
         | be freely available soon. Schools ended the mask requirement at
         | least in my county a couple weeks ago.
         | 
         | Some businesses require their employees to all be vaccinated.
         | Governor appears to be fighting against that, would not be
         | surprised if those same businesses just don't hire unvaccinated
         | people going forward and the situation is resolved via
         | attrition.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | Most COVID measures are not at the US federal level. Some
         | mandated measures have exit criteria, at the level of
         | government issuing them.
         | 
         | > This will go on forever without exit criteria.
         | 
         | It will go on without an exit decision, but the exit criteria
         | that have been issued have frequently been adjusted anyway,
         | because understanding of how current metrics project the future
         | have evolved. Which is probably why their are fewer announced
         | criteria and more reliance on periodic, holistic review.
        
         | jayknight wrote:
         | This is a good article. I'm firmly on team do-what-it-takes-to-
         | stop-the-spread, but no one has an exit strategy. I got a
         | booster and we have appointments for two of our three kids to
         | get there first shot. By mid-December I'm hoping to not have to
         | think much about it anymore.
         | 
         | https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2021/11/what-amer...
        
           | salemh wrote:
           | Your children do not need it - perhaps you should evaluate
           | whether they are in an 'at risk' category like the Nordics
           | 
           | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01897-w In the US,
           | 340 children under 17 have died from Covid. Total. During the
           | same period, 187 have died from the flu, and over 51,000
           | children have died from all causes:
           | 
           | https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid_weekly/index.htm#Se.
           | ..
           | 
           | Sweden halts Moderna: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/covid-
           | vaccine-moderna-sweden-ha... The reason the vaccines aren't
           | being approved for children is that there is compelling
           | evidence that children are at greater risk from the vaccines
           | than the virus. This is why (for example) approval for
           | vaccination of children and teenagers is split across Europe,
           | and the UK has restricted access to only children with known
           | vulnerabilities:
           | 
           | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-19/u-k-to-
           | gi...
        
             | simoneau wrote:
             | I though most of the point of vaxing children and other
             | low-risk groups is to stop the spread, not for their own
             | individual safety. Reducing the chance they'll infect
             | grandma. And reducing the circulating pool of infections to
             | prevent more virulent strains from developing. Have I got
             | this wrong?
        
               | csee wrote:
               | Yes you have it wrong. That goes against medical ethics.
               | You can't give someone a treatment that is net
               | detrimental to them in order to benefit others.
        
               | jayknight wrote:
               | >net detrimental
               | 
               | We're talking about covid vaccines here.
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | I thought the vaccines don't stop or even really slow
               | spread that much, especially with Delta variants. At
               | least that's what authorities are saying. My
               | understanding is that the point of vaccines as now
               | explained is to prevent hospitalizations.
        
               | jayknight wrote:
               | They do. If you have a "breakthrough infection", you are
               | just as likely to spread it to someone else as someone
               | who is infected without the vaccine. But you're much less
               | likely to get infected in the first place if you've had
               | the vaccine, so overall much less likely to pass it to
               | others. So the more people who get vaccinated, the slower
               | the spread.
               | 
               | See https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | > If you have a "breakthrough infection", you are just as
               | likely to spread it to someone else as someone who is
               | infected without the vaccine
               | 
               | Somewhat less likely; on average if you're vaccinated you
               | won't be infectious for as long a time if you do get it.
        
               | swader999 wrote:
               | I think Delta is still above r0 1 in vaccinated. Delta
               | plus is worse. So there will be spread amongst
               | vaccinated. Not as much as unvaccinated but with
               | vaccinated conditioned to think they are safe I don't see
               | it solving much in the medium to longer term.
               | 
               | A high population of vaccinated is mathematically more
               | likely to produce more virulent strains with a non
               | sterile vaccine in a fast mutating virus.
        
               | jayknight wrote:
               | > A high population of vaccinated is mathematically more
               | likely to produce more virulent strains with a non
               | sterile vaccine in a fast mutating virus.
               | 
               | Not so. Lots of cases produce worse variants, not
               | vaccines.
               | 
               | https://theconversation.com/massive-numbers-of-new-
               | covid-19-...
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | That's possible but unproven. The current thinking is
               | that new variants are mostly likely to evolve in
               | immunocompromised patients who experience persistent
               | infections. Vaccines are less effective in such patients
               | because the immune system doesn't respond as it should.
               | 
               | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/covid-
               | variants-ma...
        
               | MisterMower wrote:
               | But if vaccines permit asymptomatic spread, meaning the
               | virus enters a host and begins replicating, without the
               | host showing symptoms, by definition you're increasing
               | the number of opportunities for new mutations to occur.
               | I'm not sure how that article refutes the grandparent
               | comment's point.
        
               | jayknight wrote:
               | Asymptomatic spread is possible with or without the
               | vaccine, but significantly less with it.
        
               | swader999 wrote:
               | Its much more possible with a vaccine that reduces the
               | severity of the disease and permits people to still be
               | out and about, perhaps even unaware they might be
               | infectious. If it puts you on your ass or worse, you
               | aren't out spreading it.
        
             | jlongr wrote:
             | From the nature.com link that you posted:
             | 
             | "The low rate of severe acute disease is important news,
             | but this does not have to mean that COVID does not matter
             | to children," says paediatrician Danilo Buonsenso at the
             | Gemelli University Hospital in Rome. "Please, let's keep
             | attention -- as much as is feasible -- on immunization."
        
               | skrbjc wrote:
               | LOL let's not look at the data that says children are
               | very low risk, it's important to blindly give them the
               | shots.
               | 
               | (Time to check my pfizer stock...)
        
               | rpmisms wrote:
               | How about 1 out of 52 children in the 5-11 test group
               | experiencing heart inflammation as a result of the
               | vaccine? That sounds a hell of a lot more dangerous than
               | covid for kids.
               | 
               | > "according to data reviewed by the CDC's advisory panel
               | on vaccines, as of Oct. 10, almost 2 million 5- to
               | 11-year-olds have gotten ill from COVID-19, and 94 have
               | died."
               | 
               | That's a laughably low death rate. Driving your child to
               | school is more dangerous for them than Covid.
        
               | jayknight wrote:
               | Can you provide a citation for that "1 out of 52"
               | statistic? I'm seeing
               | 
               | >In Pfizer's clinical trial for 5- to 11-year-olds, there
               | were no cases of myocarditis, although the company
               | acknowledged that the trials were not big enough to pick
               | up such rare events.
               | 
               | https://www.npr.org/sections/health-
               | shots/2021/11/03/1051299...
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | I encourage everyone eligible to get vaccinated, but at this
           | point there is zero possibility to stop the spread. Your
           | "team" never had a chance. We can all expect to get infected
           | eventually.
           | 
           | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02689-y
           | 
           | https://www.businessinsider.com/delta-variant-made-herd-
           | immu...
        
             | jayknight wrote:
             | By "stop", I guess I really mean slow/reduce/flatten-the-
             | curve, etc. It's all a game of probabilities, and I guess
             | I'm on team lets-work-together-as-a-society-to-reduce-the-
             | chances-of-getting-and-spreading-sars-cov2. But that's
             | slightly less catchy.
        
               | angelzen wrote:
               | Are there any other considerents in life, or reduce-the-
               | chances-of-getting-and-spreading-sars-cov2 is the only
               | metric of relevance? Can you conceptualize any possible
               | anti-covid measure that has too little of a benefit for
               | too high of a cost, such that we should not deploy (or
               | mandate!) it?
        
           | Filligree wrote:
           | There are two possible exit strategies.
           | 
           | - Vaccinate _everyone_ who can be vaccinated, at gunpoint.
           | 
           | - Allow everyone who is vulnerable to die, at which point the
           | death rates will drop.
           | 
           | Choose. Which one do you want?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | swader999 wrote:
             | You can't produce, distribute and vaccinate everyone at gun
             | point fast enough before it mutates away from what your vax
             | targeted. And this strategy ignores animal reservoirs where
             | the virus can reside and come back.
        
               | rpmisms wrote:
               | > You can't produce, distribute and vaccinate everyone at
               | gun point
               | 
               | In the US, this is a very bad idea, indeed.
        
               | Filligree wrote:
               | So the second one, then?
        
           | Vrondi wrote:
           | You mean you're going to skip the rest of the boosters
           | they'll want you to get each quarter forever?
        
             | jayknight wrote:
             | Not what I said. I, and my whole family, get flu shots
             | every year. I wouldn't mind also getting one for covid if
             | it is determined to help me and my community.
        
         | thomascgalvin wrote:
         | > Does anyone have a sense as to when US society will
         | completely eliminate COVID measures?
         | 
         | Children are now eligible for a vaccine. It'll take a few weeks
         | for this to trickle through the population, but we're pretty
         | close to the point where everyone who wants a vaccination will
         | have one.
         | 
         | At that point, I expect restrictions to swiftly ease up. In
         | Massachusetts, things are already mostly back to normal. With
         | children protected, there's definitely a light at the end of
         | the tunnel.
        
         | thr0w72594 wrote:
         | Subramanian Kumar 2021 [1] found that there is no correlation
         | between vaccination rates and new case rates on a country-wide
         | level, or a county-wide level in the United States.
         | 
         | This tracks with Dr. Vanden Bossche's assessment [2] from March
         | of this year that mass vaccination with prophylactic vaccines
         | will actually prolong and worsen the pandemic due to shedding
         | of infectious variants.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8481107/ [2]
         | https://www.geertvandenbossche.org/
        
           | rileyphone wrote:
           | several comments on the quality of its science here - https:/
           | /pubpeer.com/publications/693A0D3B374ACED0103ADDEA0D9...
        
           | decebalus1 wrote:
           | Stop spreading misinformation. The 'study' is in itself a
           | case study about shitty studies. Also check who Akhil Kumar
           | is and what are his credentials.
        
             | frealy wrote:
             | You are just racist. Shut the fuck up libtard.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | Imagine having this data and concluding there is no
           | relationship between vaccination and new case rate.
           | 
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/t.
           | ..
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | Vanden Bossche seems alone in this regard? Surely NPIs would
           | ameliorate that?
        
             | AndrewBissell wrote:
             | Aside from islands closing their borders and implementing
             | extremely strict testing and quarantine regimes (and even
             | these don't hold up forever), the evidence for the
             | effectiveness of NPIs is a lot thinner than you might
             | intuitively expect.
        
         | umanwizard wrote:
         | It seems like we are experiencing a very slow and gradual
         | offramp from the restrictions, rather than something that will
         | have a clearly defined endpoint.
         | 
         | 2021 is already "mostly normal", for me. I hope sometime in
         | 2022 we will be back to "100% normal", but I'm not confident.
        
           | avaika wrote:
           | It really really depends on where you are. E.g. in my country
           | it's almost like "normal". But that's not what you think.
           | People just don't follow restrictions, people don't wear
           | masks, abuse vaccination (simply skip or even buy fake
           | vaccination certificate to fulfill government / employer
           | requirements). The only difference from "normal" is increased
           | workload on hospitals and daily news "over thousand people
           | died today from covid-19".
           | 
           | When it's absolutely unbearable for healthcare system,
           | government also introduces soft lockdown where restaurants /
           | cafes / public places are closed. Then everything goes back
           | to "normal".
           | 
           | I really don't see how it can be 100% normal next year. At
           | least in here.
        
           | kgin wrote:
           | Masks became a regular fixture in Asia after original SARS.
           | Not by regulation, but they just became an ordinary item used
           | by people to avoid getting sick or avoid getting others sick.
        
             | umanwizard wrote:
             | Having been to many parts of Asia before Covid hit, masks
             | were indeed not unusual, but were never worn by _everyone_
             | or even the majority of people, even in crowded places like
             | subways.
        
               | kgin wrote:
               | Ah, yes that's more what I meant to say. We'll get to a
               | place where masks aren't required anywhere, but we may
               | never return to a world where masks are a weird or
               | unusual sight.
        
         | pie42000 wrote:
         | In SF the only Covid measures are vaccination checks, and
         | wearing masks indoors. 99% back to normal.
        
         | jasonpeacock wrote:
         | When hospitalization rates are down. In many metro areas the
         | ICU are still full of un-vaccinated COVID patients, which means
         | people with normal emergencies can't get a bed.
         | 
         | Thus, COVID precautions are necessary to reduce the rate of
         | infection to levels that do not overwhelm the healthcare
         | system.
         | 
         | And all those areas that have "returned to normal" are sending
         | their COVID patients to regions that are still masking because
         | they've exhausted their local ICU capacity.
        
           | horns4lyfe wrote:
           | Can you point me to a mandate anywhere with some kind of
           | hospitalization rate cutoff? Because everywhere where there
           | are still mask mandates, they seem to be nebulous things that
           | will just last until it's no longer politically popular.
           | Oregon for example set an arbitrary date, which of course
           | makes no sense.
        
             | striking wrote:
             | Bay area (note that there are additional criteria):
             | https://www.sfgate.com/coronavirus/article/Bay-Area-mask-
             | man...
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | Does LA County have anything like this? I haven't been
               | able to find it.
        
               | striking wrote:
               | Just eight Bay area counties ("San Francisco, Alameda,
               | Santa Clara, San Mateo, Contra Costa, Marin, Sonoma and
               | Napa" from https://www.sfgate.com/bay-area-
               | politics/article/Bay-Area-ma... Solano is not included as
               | they have chosen not to reinstate a mask mandate)
        
           | Consultant32452 wrote:
           | In the US the nation-wide ICU vacancy is down to pre-pandemic
           | levels. There may be anecdotes of individual hospitals that
           | have a lot of COVID patients in ICU, but it's simply not true
           | that this is a wide spread problem.
        
             | skrbjc wrote:
             | It's funny that people read the same data with such
             | different interpretations. This is why I feel like the
             | insistence of "just look at the data" rarely leads to a
             | clear decision, and anyone working at a company that has
             | dealt with giving data to people to make decisions will
             | know this intimately. People use data to make their point,
             | and if the data doesn't agree, then they slice it or adjust
             | it or reason their way out of using it, so they can make
             | the decision they want. I think Scott Adams calls it
             | "watching the same screen, but seeing two different movies"
        
               | Consultant32452 wrote:
               | There are several problems, but a big one is just the way
               | the news works. ICUs are designed to run at near capacity
               | and are overwhelmed all the time if, for example, there's
               | a big car accident. Right now, all eyes are on the
               | pandemic and I'm sure it's true that there's places in
               | the country where ICUs are full up with pandemic
               | patients. But the way the news cycle works, "ICUs at
               | capacity with COVID patients" gets a lot more clicks than
               | "ICUs in this hospital are always at capacity, but now
               | they are at capacity with COVID."
               | 
               | Also, there's been a couple of big hoaxes that have
               | circulated like the one about how ERs were full of
               | Ivermectin ODs and they were turning away car accident
               | victims.
               | 
               | Here's the actual real-time-ish data of ICUs for the
               | country:
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/us/covid-
               | hospitals-...
               | 
               | Right now the national average for ICUs is 68% occupancy.
               | Also from that article:
               | 
               | >The national average I.C.U. occupancy in 2010 was 67
               | percent, according to the Society of Critical Care
               | Medicine, though the occupancy baseline changes depending
               | on the place, time of year and size of hospital.
        
               | maxerickson wrote:
               | I mean, big car accidents don't happen across multiple
               | states at the same time, it isn't that surprising that
               | the response to something happening super-regionally is
               | different than the response to something happening
               | locally.
        
           | Loughla wrote:
           | >And all those areas that have "returned to normal" are
           | sending their COVID patients to regions that are still
           | masking because they've exhausted their local ICU capacity.
           | 
           | This has been my experience as well. My state is pretty
           | strict overall, but my area of my state is not.
           | 
           | Our hospital has been operating at capacity for 6 months or
           | so, but nobody is talking about it. Because we can just ship
           | to where they have stricter COVID control measures.
           | 
           | We're causing problems for other people because we can't be
           | bothered to be part of society.
           | 
           | It's a joke all around. The entire world. Nihilism is almost
           | impossible to escape right now.
        
             | VRay wrote:
             | It's pretty amazing how stupid and shortsighted people are.
             | We're so good at overlooking the horrible situation we're
             | in and focusing on other things that are completely
             | irrelevant
             | 
             | I used to think that one of the worst things in the USA was
             | that 100 people per day die in preventable car accidents,
             | but now we're getting 10x that from a virus and people
             | pretend that it isn't happening
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | The last two years have convinced me: When the Zombie
               | Apocalypse comes, zombies are biting and killing people
               | in the streets, and neighborhoods are burning down, 50%
               | of the country (world?) will whistle and just continue to
               | go about their day, shopping, going out to eat, sending
               | their kids to school, and looking down at all those
               | hysterical alarmists bunkering up trying to defend
               | themselves from the hoard. "Government, don't force me to
               | change my life! I have the freedom to pretend everything
               | is normal!"
        
               | y-c-o-m-b wrote:
               | Haha I've had this conversation with my wife as well.
               | We've basically been under house arrest since early
               | February 2020 (yes we quarantined even before there was a
               | quarantine) and taking very conservative measures since,
               | always 1 step ahead of the CDC the whole time with double
               | masking and still masking when mandates were lifted here
               | in Oregon because we knew there would be an immediate re-
               | surge.
               | 
               | I told my wife I used to think we'd be one of the first
               | to die in the Zombie Apocalypse because her and my kids
               | are all high-anxiety people that typically crumble with
               | too much psychological pressure. Yet covid has shown me
               | we'd actually be one of the longest survivors given our
               | resilience so far and how we haven't caved into the
               | pressures of society itching to get back to normal. My
               | dad - a self-proclaimed "survivalist" and doomsday
               | prepper didn't make it even two months before he gave up
               | on quarantining. He said the psychological stress was too
               | much, he couldn't handle it lol
        
               | Vecr wrote:
               | At least buy BSL-3 suits (PAPR/P100 helmets, gloves,
               | splash resistant suits) and get on with your life, I
               | assume you can afford it.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Based on the photos I can find of BSL-3 suits, I highly
               | doubt that others on the street or in stores would let
               | them "get on with their lives" :-))
        
               | mixmastamyk wrote:
               | Unless you have significant risk factors, this is
               | unnecessary. Most people don't and/or took care of
               | business.
        
               | unabirra wrote:
               | You survived because... most people (>99% of infected
               | individuals) survive Covid? lol. If this was your end of
               | the world scenario (people dining everywhere because you
               | know... if you sit the virus goes past you) then you are
               | up for a rude awakening if a real crisis ever arises
               | (which I hope it doesn't)
        
               | skrbjc wrote:
               | That's the beautiful part of humans, though, we push
               | through and live our lives no matter what. If everyone
               | panicked every time there was something that seemed
               | apocalypse, then we probably wouldn't be where we are
               | today. Maybe it's just the resilient ones that survive
               | and keep reproducing.
        
           | zionic wrote:
           | The medical cartel has had 2 years to adapt at this point.
           | How have they failed to scale capacity despite charging
           | record prices?
        
             | colordrops wrote:
             | If they scale then the politicians won't have an excuse to
             | maintain their mandates. They were able to get navy ships
             | with hundreds of beds scaled up in weeks at the start of
             | the pandemic. The cost to society of the mandates is
             | certainly more that it would cost to scale ICUs.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | During WW2 the US managed to mass produce about as much
               | fighter planes as it needed.
               | 
               | It couldn't mass produce fighter pilots, though.
        
           | jasonpeacock wrote:
           | Here's "hospital stress" data for the US, showing where COVID
           | patients are overwhelming the healthcare systems:
           | 
           | https://www.npr.org/sections/health-
           | shots/2020/12/09/9443799...
        
             | motherzucker wrote:
             | Would be interesting to see how that data compares with
             | other diseases. For instance heart disease, which is
             | largely preventable and kills more people
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | I think altering your diet and lifestyle to prevent heart
               | disease (assuming it's non-heritable) is harder than
               | getting two shots to prevent COVID.
        
               | UnFleshedOne wrote:
               | 3 shots now, Israel is preparing for 4th...
        
             | skrbjc wrote:
             | That website is very much designed to be scary. They say
             | that hospital admins think 30% and above of Covid patients
             | mean "extreme", but they use 20% and above for the
             | "extreme" red. Then below that they use % "extreme", but
             | without close reading, you think they are talking about
             | hospital capacity. Over the whole map it's hard to find any
             | county with over 20% of their beds being Covid patients.
             | The big thing is what did all of this look like before
             | Covid? Most of the problems with capacity are due to
             | staffing, which seems to be the real bottle-neck here.
        
           | 40four wrote:
           | I am wary of stories like this. What you're saying is
           | probably true true in specific cases in the most populous
           | cities in the country, but I don't think it's a general
           | policy that makes sense across the board.
           | 
           | I live in South Carolina & their Department of health website
           | has great data. As of today, there are currently 551 Covid
           | patients hospitalized statewide. 1280 ICU beds are occupied
           | for a 76% utilization rate. Of those beds, 150 are Covid
           | patients. That means 88% of folks in ICU are non-covid
           | related.
           | 
           | https://scdhec.gov/covid19/covid-19-data/acute-hospital-
           | bed-...
           | 
           | This data doesn't exactly corroborate what your saying. The
           | way you tell it, the ICUs are still overflowing with Covid,
           | and they just aren't. Not in SC at least. And we're not
           | exactly known for our stringent Covid restrictions.
        
             | kec wrote:
             | Maybe not today, but the peak of the most recent wave in
             | South Carolina was in September and saw about 2500 people
             | hospitalized statewide.
        
           | thehappypm wrote:
           | ICU capacity is not that interesting to me anymore. Most
           | hospitals don't have row after row after row of empty ICU
           | beds most of the time. They actually want their ICU to have
           | just the right number of beds. 70% capacity sounds full, but
           | it means 30% of the beds are empty. Would it ever make sense
           | for a hospital to have 99% capacity free? Just have 99 beds
           | empty for 1 patient? I think it's a scare number.
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | Aren't the unvaccinated people in ICUs already not following
           | COVID mandates? In areas of Southern California (e.g.
           | Temecula) with low vaccination rates, there are virtually no
           | restrictions. Why restrict a compliant populace that is
           | already mostly vaccinated?
        
         | jsight wrote:
         | There won't be defined exit criteria. Each state will exit when
         | its people decide the exiting is worth the risk.
         | 
         | Some places will do that earlier than others, and quite a few
         | practically already have.
        
         | Server6 wrote:
         | It's fairly clear what the exit criteria is. Hospital capacity.
         | When hospitals are filling up COVID measures are necessary.
         | COVID is endemic now and will ebb and flow over the next
         | decade. As such I would expect COVID measures to come and go
         | based on local health department and hospital capacity needs.
        
           | umanwizard wrote:
           | > When hospitals are filling up COVID measures are necessary.
           | 
           | They are only "necessary" if you are optimizing the metric
           | "make sure hospitals run smoothly" over any other concerns.
           | 
           | I hate this framing that Covid restrictions are ever forced
           | on us, rather than being a policy choice with pros and cons.
        
             | colordrops wrote:
             | I'd imagine that scaling up ICU capacity has to be more
             | efficient than constantly enacting mandates on the entire
             | population for a decade.
        
               | tehjoker wrote:
               | Pandemics are an exponential process, so scaling capacity
               | linearly buys you only a few days or weeks of time unless
               | the exponential is controlled. It's not useless, but it's
               | also decidedly not a lone solution.
               | 
               | That also doesn't account for the damage people
               | contracting the virus accumulate that doesn't register on
               | that metric.
        
           | AndrewBissell wrote:
           | It was a stroke of genius for the powers that be to convince
           | people that they have a personal responsibility to
           | restore/protect a health infrastructure that has been looted
           | out, and structured if not designed to act in a predatory
           | manner. They created new emergency powers and a new _moral
           | imperative to avoid contagious respiratory disease_ out of
           | whole cloth.  "Only You Can Prevent Forest Fires!"
        
             | AshamedCaptain wrote:
             | Only you can prevent the dismantling of the health
             | infrastructure!
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | mostertoaster wrote:
         | Probably about as long as they will make us take our shoes off
         | at the airport.
        
         | woodruffw wrote:
         | NYC's vaccination rate is trending towards 75%, and life is
         | essentially back to normal with the addition of vaccine
         | requirements for indoor dining and events (which strikes me as
         | perfectly reasonable, given that we have a large tourism
         | industry).
        
         | rackjack wrote:
         | For me, it's when the kids get vaccinated.
        
       | tinus_hn wrote:
       | So, is this expensive and patented and does it have limited
       | availability?
        
         | tamaharbor wrote:
         | Invermectin Plus
        
         | n8cpdx wrote:
         | Does it matter? Vaccine flows like water these days, and at
         | least in the rich world, nearly everyone who needs this chose
         | to be in that position. Making that choice should be incredibly
         | costly.
        
           | tinus_hn wrote:
           | Oh it matters. A drug that is not expensive, patented or is
           | readily available surely will either never really be tried or
           | will be tried in such a way it'll never succeed.
           | 
           | Expensive drugs will enjoy trials designed and sponsored by
           | their manufacturers.
        
           | scohesc wrote:
           | I think it does matter.
           | 
           | If it's expensive - we'll have government printing more money
           | to afford the pill, like they've been doing for the vaccine,
           | and the general populace for the past 2 years.
           | 
           | But the vaccine is free! Yep... sure.
        
             | brokensegue wrote:
             | Do you think there's a significant increase in government
             | spending for paying for these pills? It's trivial compared
             | to things like enhanced welfare benefits or military
             | spending
        
               | GhettoComputers wrote:
               | Yes, by sheer volume. It's not trivial. Monoclonal
               | antibodies are thousands of dollars per treatment for
               | instance and the idea of business loans or small business
               | aid is that it's going to investment. Of course none of
               | this matters in 2019 a repo crisis was triggered: https:/
               | /www.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_2019_events_in_the_...
               | 
               | They needed to inject liquidity into the economy and
               | justified it with COVID.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | > Monoclonal antibodies are thousands of dollars per
               | treatment for instance
               | 
               | And Monoclonal antibodies are not widely rolled out. This
               | is not relevant.
        
               | GhettoComputers wrote:
               | According to whom? It's everywhere around me and you if
               | you live in the US. https://protect-
               | public.hhs.gov/pages/therapeutics-distributi...
               | 
               | Edited. https://wusfnews.wusf.usf.edu/health-news-
               | florida/2021-09-23...
               | 
               | > In August, DeSantis began opening the first of 21
               | rapid-response sites to administer Regeneron treatments,
               | and more than 90,000 doses have been given.
               | 
               | >monoclonal antibodies [cost] over $2,000.
               | 
               | It's about $180,000,000 just for Florida and that doesn't
               | include administration.
        
               | brokensegue wrote:
               | I'm getting a 404. Can you estimate total spending on
               | monoclonal antibodies?
               | 
               | My back of the envelope math suggests less than a
               | billion. Peanuts compared to the recovery bills
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | > more than 90,000 doses (of monoclonal antibodies) have
               | been given.
               | 
               | COVID Vaccines: "7.19 Billion Shots Given (Globally), and
               | in the U.S. 425 million doses have been given"
               | 
               | https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/covid-vaccine-tracker-
               | glo...
               | 
               | This is trivial to google.
               | 
               | Like I said, Monoclonal antibodies are not widely rolled
               | out. Don't extrapolate from Florida.
        
         | kvakerok wrote:
         | they're basically suing the original company who developed
         | monoclonal therapy for COVID and are trying to copy it. This is
         | the first copy.
        
       | covfa3hah wrote:
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
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       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
       | 
       | COVID NEWS IS FAGGOT NEWS
        
       | freddealmeida wrote:
       | I don't trust Pfizer in any case. But interesting at least. I
       | think it needs far more study before this is simply introduced
       | into the wild.
       | 
       | But what do I know. We have survived for 2m years without this.
       | I'm sure we can be fine without it.
        
         | dougmwne wrote:
         | Sure, we survived as a species, but certainly not as
         | individuals. We see plenty of evidence of genetic bottlenecks
         | where the human population was reduced to small numbers, quite
         | possibly due to disease. Just within the historical period,
         | there are legions of plagues with extremely high mortality
         | rates, including nearly the entire native population of North
         | America after contact with Europeans. And let's not forget
         | antibiotics and near every lifesaving piece of medical
         | knowledge we have developed over the last few thousand years.
         | It's your choice to refuse medical care, but don't assume the
         | rest of us want to go back to the caves and the hunt. Rapid
         | drug discovery is an extremely powerful medical technology and
         | I 100% welcome it for this disease and all futures ones.
        
           | proc0 wrote:
           | But don't you think it's even a little suspicious other
           | countries have been administering another infamous antiviral
           | that happens to be a generic drug? I mean it's at least a
           | coincidence that pfizer is somehow the one doing all the
           | heavy lifting here... are they that good of a drug company?
           | Aren't there other doctors, virologists, etc out there?
           | 
           | I just feel people are too quick to accept a for-profit mega-
           | corporation as the defacto source of all things covid cure.
        
       | ImaCake wrote:
       | The press release is much more reader friendly than this re-
       | report of it.
       | 
       | https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-deta...
        
       | cockzor wrote:
       | AHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH!!!!!!
       | 
       | PANDEMIC!!!!! AAAAAAAAAHHHHH!!!
       | 
       | We're all going to DIE!!!!! AAAAAHHHHHHHH!!!
       | 
       | MASsk Up! V4xccC1nATE!!! CLOSE ALLL THE BUSINESSES!!!
       | 
       | REEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE@@!!!!!
        
       | covfa3hah wrote:
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       | ed25519FUUU wrote:
       | > _Pfizer's phase 2 /3 trial randomized non-hospitalized adult
       | COVID-19 patients who were at high risk of progressing to severe
       | illness to receive placebo or Paxlovid, a combination of the
       | protease inhibitors_
       | 
       | Oh, a protease inhibitor you say? I was told those were horse
       | dewormers by the media.
       | 
       | This whole thing is bullshit. With this much money at stake we
       | were never going to learn the truth.
        
         | HelloMcFly wrote:
         | Except this is studied and dosed appropriately vs. tacking a
         | bunch of Ivermectin and shitting your intestines out based on a
         | half-truth you read about from Facebook.
        
           | dontcare007 wrote:
           | Like what happened with Joe Rogan, oh wait, he recovered.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | As have people who _didn 't_ get ivermectin.
             | 
             | As have people who _didn 't_ get _any_ treatment.
             | 
             | That's why we rely on data from more than one case, to
             | figure out relative effectiveness of different treatment
             | methods.
        
             | HelloMcFly wrote:
             | Do you believe that to be some sort of counter-argument or
             | opposing view for anything I said?
             | 
             | Regardless of the answer, I'm not interested in debating
             | the wisdom of taking dog medicine in unstudied doses for an
             | unstudied treatment with unstudied effectiveness that has a
             | clearly documented ability to strip the lining of your
             | intestines. You want be a trailblazer with every Facebook
             | remedy? Be my guest.
        
               | ed25519FUUU wrote:
               | You know IVM has been around since the 70s? People take
               | it all of the time. It's a very studied drug, on the list
               | of WHO's 100 most essential medicines. The inventor won
               | the noble prize for it.
               | 
               | The cultivated animosity towards it is more of a result
               | of propaganda. With this much money at stake, it's easy
               | to see who might _actually_ be pushing that propaganda.
        
           | cheaprentalyeti wrote:
           | I lost a family member to one of those "supposedly treats
           | Covid" drugs. It was called Remdesivir, and it had the full
           | blessing of the people who told you Ivermectin causes you to
           | shit your intestines out.
           | 
           | It causes kidney failure. Just the thing for treating someone
           | whose lungs are filling with fluid from viral pneumonia.
           | 
           | I really wish at the time they went in the hospital (in
           | December) that I had known the WHO had withdrawn it from
           | their recommended treatment list the month before, in
           | November 2020. BUT that particular piece of news was not
           | important to the people who run the big propaganda campaign
           | against Ivermectin.
        
           | pjkundert wrote:
           | The LD50 for Ivermectin is 10mg/kg. The standard dosage range
           | is .1-.5mg/kg. (from memory... YMMV)
           | 
           | So, you would have to guzzle 20 _times_ the recommended
           | dosage of a foul-tasting elixir to get near a lethal dose. It
           | sticks around in your system for ~4days, so there could be a
           | cumulative effect if you guzzle enough over a few day period.
           | 
           | But still, much less dangerous as Tylenol (toxic at 10g dose;
           | typical therapeutic dose on the order of 1g):
           | 
           | Paracetamol poisoning was first described in the 1960s.[6]
           | Rates of poisoning vary significantly between regions of the
           | world.[8] In the United States more than 100,000 cases occur
           | a year.[1] In the United Kingdom it is the medication
           | responsible for the greatest number of overdoses.[7] Young
           | children are most commonly affected.[1] In the United States
           | and the United Kingdom, paracetamol is the most common cause
           | of acute liver failure.[9][1]
           | 
           | And furthermore, since Ivermectin is a potent antiparasitic,
           | many people are likely to experience Jarisch-Herxheimer
           | reaction to the death of intestinal parasites, which
           | indicates its _working_ , not dangerous. So, take is slow if
           | you also have parasites.
           | 
           | But, by all means, carry on believing what you're told to! ;)
        
         | kibwen wrote:
         | _' There is no relationship at all between the two drugs, said
         | Dr. William A Petri, professor of infectious diseases at the
         | University of Virginia.
         | 
         | "The only way they are alike is that they are both pills,"
         | Petri said.
         | 
         | Dr. Kevin J. Downes, assistant professor of pediatrics at the
         | Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania,
         | agreed, "They are dramatically different molecules. The drugs
         | are different in their structure and their molecular size."
         | 
         | [...]
         | 
         | Ivermectin binds to glutamate-gated chloride channels and is
         | used to treat parasite infections, said Joseph Glajch, a
         | consultant in pharmaceutical and analytical chemistry.
         | 
         | "These two are so far apart," he said. "If you look at how they
         | interact with the body..., they don't even go to the same
         | pathways or receptors."'_
         | 
         | https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-067310377629
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | Dr. Kevin J. Downes receives money from Pfizer:
           | 
           | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/art.41772
        
             | kevinmchugh wrote:
             | Do you have an explanation for how he's wrong?
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | Did I say he's wrong? I'm simply pointing out a conflict
               | of interest, which is a legitimate fact to bring to
               | light.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | sharklazer wrote:
         | You forgot the best part. They get to patent it and charge
         | 10000 times more.
        
         | roywiggins wrote:
         | The difference is that this one has a double-blind study
         | showing high effectiveness. There's no reason to think every
         | protease inhibitor is as good as the next, drugs are weird and
         | unpredictable, and you can only know if they work with a good
         | study.
        
       | tacobelllover99 wrote:
       | You mean ivermectin with a new name?
       | 
       | Got it.
       | 
       | Sad world we are living in right now.
        
       | neltnerb wrote:
       | If you take an antiviral like this, do you still develop a good
       | immune response to reinfection?
       | 
       | I wonder because almost everyone who might end up needing this
       | isn't vaccinated (based on hospitalization rates) so I hope that
       | at the end they also end up having some immunity to catching it
       | again at least.
       | 
       | In the moment of course it is better to use than not.
        
         | grey413 wrote:
         | Anyone taking this should still develop an immune memory to
         | covid. As I recall, even people who took monoclonal antibodies
         | (that is to say, an antiviral where they literally inject
         | functional anti-covid antibodies into your veins) developed
         | some degree of natural immunity.
        
         | lekanwang wrote:
         | You should -- protease inhibitors inhibit replication, but
         | existing viruses should be more than enough to generate a
         | durable response in most individuals.
        
           | prox wrote:
           | If I remember correctly, it's not Covid that kills you
           | directly , but a runaway immune response. What was the
           | name... Cytokine storm?
        
         | pezzana wrote:
         | No. There's a big difference between drugs and vaccines. The
         | drug doesn't generally illicit an immune response, but the
         | vaccine is designed to do exactly that.
        
           | jaywalk wrote:
           | But by definition, anyone taking this drug is already
           | infected. So their immune system has already been exposed to
           | the virus.
        
             | standardUser wrote:
             | With antibiotics, it is possible to kill an infection
             | without developing a full immune response, leaving the
             | person susceptible to reinfection. Even if that infection
             | is symptomatic and has been going on for days, the immune
             | response still may not be robust enough before the
             | antibiotics kill off the infection. Not sure if that also
             | occurs with anti-virals.
        
       | Someone1234 wrote:
       | I thought the Mechanism of action section for this drug on
       | Wikipedia was quite interesting:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molnupiravir#Mechanism_of_acti...
        
         | cblconfederate wrote:
         | This is not molnupiravir. That one is mutagenic, (which makes a
         | lot of people skeptical about its use).
        
       | covfa3hah wrote:
       | Has it ever occurred to you that you are a cock-sucking FAGGOT!
       | 
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       | 
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       | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
       | 
       | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
       | 
       | COCK-SUCKING FAGGOT!
        
       | fullstackchris wrote:
       | Did anyone hear NPR's reporting on this? They said the early
       | study was originally halted BECAUSE of it's positive effects at
       | preventing hospitalization and death... very weird, I hope it is
       | a typo or I'm understanding it wrong...
        
         | TOMDM wrote:
         | It's a semi common issue for highly effective novel treatments.
         | In order to continue the study you need to keep some portion as
         | a control group.
         | 
         | I can't imagine wanting to keep people in the control group
         | when the experimental treatment is so dramatically effective.
        
         | pkulak wrote:
         | If something proves to be too effective, too early in a trail,
         | it's no longer ethical to give placebos to the control group.
        
         | mbreese wrote:
         | I haven't read anything about this study, but this is common
         | for highly effective treatments.
         | 
         | Let's say you have a randomized clinical trial with a control
         | arm (placebo) and test arm (drug). If the vast majority of the
         | test cases do significantly better (like 90% of the test
         | cases), at some point it becomes unethical to continue. Why?
         | Because you already have the evidence that the treatment works,
         | so having the control arm becomes meaningless. You already know
         | that the drug works, so there is no longer a point to collect
         | more data AND you know that the control arm isn't going to help
         | half the patients. So, you stop the trial early so that you can
         | get started with the approval process so that the drug can get
         | to all patients faster.
        
           | tmoravec wrote:
           | Pardon my naive question, but aren't there more objectives
           | for the clinical trial? Particularly testing for negative
           | side effects? How are those judged if the trial is
           | discontinued?
        
             | akiselev wrote:
             | Data on the most obvious side effects are collected in the
             | first phase which is a very small group of healthy patients
             | who take the drug under medical supervision in increasing
             | doses until the side effects are so bad they can't keep
             | going. They use this data to establish safety limits for
             | the rest of the clinical trial and continue monitoring the
             | situation until well after the drug is approved.
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | You don't need people to actually have covid to find side
             | effects. So you don't need sick people in your control arm.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | To be cleared though, both arms or the trial are people
               | who have COVID. The control arm is not getting the drug.
               | If there are side effects that occur in some combination
               | with having COVID, they will find those.
        
             | mbreese wrote:
             | This was a phase 2/3 trial. So there was some side effect
             | data collected, but enough people went through the trial to
             | see any large/common side effects.
             | 
             | I generally think of the phases like this (this is just how
             | I think of it):
             | 
             | Phase 1 - is it safe? If you don't see severe toxicity then
             | you can go to phase 2.
             | 
             | Phase 2 - does it work? You look for good outcomes (cures,
             | better survival, etc). If there is significantly better
             | outcomes relative to placebo, then go to phase 3.
             | 
             | Phase 3 - does it work for a large population? What is the
             | appropriate dose? Dialing in the numbers before public
             | release.
             | 
             | Phase 4 - after you've made the drug public, monitor the
             | larger population for side effects or adverse events. You
             | can't hope to cover all patients in a phase 2/3 trial, so
             | you keep monitoring the first waves of patients that get
             | the drug.
        
             | maxerickson wrote:
             | Safety continues to be evaluated during Phase 3 (and after
             | approval), but trials don't proceed to Phase 3 without
             | establishing some reasonable baseline for safety in the
             | earlier phases.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | guerrilla wrote:
         | Maybe they meant that further study at that level was not
         | necessary and they were moving on to later stage trials? In
         | order to speed up the release I mean.
        
         | newsbinator wrote:
         | When something obviously works, it's standard practice to halt
         | the study and seek out emergency use authorization.
         | 
         | > There were six hospitalizations and no deaths among the 607
         | patients who received Paxlovid within five days of symptom
         | onset, compared to 41 hospitalizations and 10 deaths in the
         | placebo cohort.
        
         | paulryanrogers wrote:
         | Maybe to reduce risk to the control group?
        
         | HelloMcFly wrote:
         | I didn't hear the NPR story, but studies can be halted when
         | it's shown that the treatment is so clearly effective that it
         | becomes unethical to continue administering non-treatments/weak
         | treatments to your comparison groups. This usually indicates
         | that research can and should advance to the next stage
         | immediately.
         | 
         | Here's something to read on this (note the three criteria for a
         | TL;DR): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5024796/
        
         | mewpmewp2 wrote:
         | I guess halted because meaning they are confident enough to go
         | to phase 3 with larger amount of trial participants?
        
         | peapod91 wrote:
         | That's correct. If a positive effect in the treatment arm of
         | the study is found to be strong enough, it is deemed unethical
         | to continue giving patients the placebo as control. Hence, they
         | terminate the study and proceed to the next phase of approval
        
           | orra wrote:
           | That it's unethical to continue giving half the participants
           | a placebo makes sense.
           | 
           | I am curious though: do they ever continue with the trial,
           | with the patients on the actual drug? Might that be useful
           | for monitoring rare-ish side effects, even if the drug is
           | highly effective?
        
             | zerkten wrote:
             | They almost always do this as an approval requirement.
        
               | orra wrote:
               | Gotcha, thanks.
        
             | dbbk wrote:
             | I believe they've only halted recruiting for the trial, not
             | the trial itself. The Pfizer CEO this morning also said
             | they're continuing with plans for two other trials starting
             | soon, which is in people with non-co-morbidities, and to
             | household contacts of confirmed cases.
        
               | orra wrote:
               | Presumably they're kicking the placebo participants out?
               | As others say, it is not ethical to give them ineffective
               | treatment (placebo), given the effectiveness of the drug
               | has been clearly demonstrated.
        
       | dekhn wrote:
       | Damn, the structure has 3 fluorines. This particular structure is
       | stable, but in general, fluorine chemistry is tricky.
       | 
       | Obligatory classic: https://www.science.org/content/blog-
       | post/things-i-won-t-wor...
        
         | whymauri wrote:
         | Exactly what I was thinking, especially for an entirely novel
         | molecule. I wonder how novel the scaffold is. Whichever med
         | chemist led this initiative is an artist -- amazing job.
        
         | comicjk wrote:
         | C-F bonds are very stable, not like O-F bonds. They're found in
         | common drugs like Prozac, and common materials like Teflon.
        
           | dekhn wrote:
           | It's stable, but the chemistry to get there isn't trivial.
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organofluorine_chemistry (my
           | Organic Chemistry class was more than 25 years ago, but I did
           | research on drugs containing fluorine in grad school; we had
           | to parameterize the force field specially, the bond has a ton
           | of energy in it,
           | 
           | When I wrote my comment I knew somebody was going to come
           | along and think I was implying CF3 was explosive.
        
       | frealy wrote:
       | Friendly reminder Fauci authorized "research" where they
       | physically ripped out puppies vocal chords so they wouldn't have
       | to listen to them cry while they fed their faces to insects and
       | slowly were murdered over the course of 2 weeks:
       | 
       | https://www.skynews.com.au/opinion/outsiders/utterly-disgust...
       | 
       | Of course, that isn't even the most grotesque that piece of shit
       | did. They also threw acid on monkey brains to induce terror.
       | 
       | Seriously, if you support Fauci - at all - I hope you get shot in
       | the fucking head.
        
       | covfa3hah wrote:
       | There's that fag talk.
        
       | vibrato2 wrote:
       | Kinda like ivermectin with the same mechanism
        
         | kibwen wrote:
         | _' There is no relationship at all between the two drugs, said
         | Dr. William A Petri, professor of infectious diseases at the
         | University of Virginia.
         | 
         | "The only way they are alike is that they are both pills,"
         | Petri said.
         | 
         | Dr. Kevin J. Downes, assistant professor of pediatrics at the
         | Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania,
         | agreed, "They are dramatically different molecules. The drugs
         | are different in their structure and their molecular size."
         | 
         | [...]
         | 
         | Ivermectin binds to glutamate-gated chloride channels and is
         | used to treat parasite infections, said Joseph Glajch, a
         | consultant in pharmaceutical and analytical chemistry.
         | 
         | "These two are so far apart," he said. "If you look at how they
         | interact with the body..., they don't even go to the same
         | pathways or receptors."'_
         | 
         | https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-067310377629
        
           | thedorkknight wrote:
           | To the user who keeps getting comments deleted for bringing
           | up this guy's funding: please look up "ad hominem fallacy".
           | Attacking someone making a statement says nothing about the
           | truth of their statement
        
             | vibrato2 wrote:
             | What attack? He stated a fact about this mans funding
             | relationship to Pfizer. He didn't say anything about his
             | trustworthiness, you assumed such.
             | 
             | It's not an ad hominem if it's something the reader
             | assumes. It is a relevant detail to consider whether to
             | trust the person's statement. He didn't say the guy was a
             | shill or to never trust a funded scientist.
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | Dr. Kevin J. Downes receives money from Pfizer:
           | 
           | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/art.41772
        
         | xioren00 wrote:
         | Correct, they both work as protease inhibitors.
        
       | an9n wrote:
       | What a money spinner eh? Coronavirus really is the gift that
       | keeps on giving...
        
         | zapdrive wrote:
         | Exactly. Everybody is trying to milk it.
        
       | rsynnott wrote:
       | While this looks like potentially great news, Pfizer really needs
       | a new Head of Making Up Drug Names. Paxlovid! Between this and
       | 'Comirnaty' (the vaccine) it is clearly not their strong point.
        
         | cblconfederate wrote:
         | Are all the other names taken ? "Viagra" was a nice choice tho
        
         | dopa42365 wrote:
         | Basically all pharmaceutical names are created by the same
         | branding company. https://www.brandinstitute.com/
         | 
         | There goes the "company A has better names than company B"
         | theory?
        
         | RicoElectrico wrote:
         | Second that, they sound like these made-up AliExpress/Amazon
         | brands.
         | 
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/11/style/amazon-trademark-co...
         | 
         | Bonus: search for OOTDTY and you'll find all sorts of unrelated
         | items.
        
         | oblio wrote:
         | Comirnaty sounds like Comintern
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_International) to me
         | :-D
        
       | jolts wrote:
       | Lets ignore the fact that its basically ivermectin with more side
       | effects. Except ivermectin is 30 cent per dose and not under
       | patent..
        
         | twofornone wrote:
         | Well, they are both protease inhibitors. It is quite plausible
         | that if this drug works that ivermectin also does indeed work.
         | But this isn't new information and every time I post it I get
         | downvoted for spreading "misinformation".
         | 
         | But big pharma would _never_ skip an existing, cheap, off
         | patent treatment in lieu of guaranteed multi-billion dollar,
         | liability free vaccine contracts, right? We can _totally_ trust
         | these guys, it 's a pandemic after all, how low would you need
         | to stoop to use that as an excuse to make _billions_ of risk
         | free dollars? It 's completely implausible that for example,
         | the former FDA commissioner, who now sits on Pfizer's board of
         | directors along with the CEO of Reuters, would pressure the FDA
         | to ignore an existing, safe, cheap medication to instead pursue
         | vaccines based on a novel, widely applicable tech ology and
         | new, expensive, patentable medication. We're only talking tens
         | of billions of guaranteed, risk free dollars here,
         | contractually free of any liability.
         | 
         | Nope, no need to worry about regulatory capture, about self
         | serving past mistakes that harmed hundreds of thousands of
         | people in the past on behalf of characters like Fauci (see his
         | AIDS debacle), no, its totally impossible, this is a _global
         | pandemic_ after all and industrial executives are known to be
         | shining beacons of honesty.
        
           | reureu wrote:
           | Ivermectin isn't a protease inhibitor though?
        
             | twofornone wrote:
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7996102/
             | 
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7996102/
             | 
             | Almost as if after clinical evidence (sure, arguably week)
             | and a promising mechanism of action (yeah, in silico) a
             | widespread, double blind RCT should have been conducted a
             | year ago...
        
               | lightavalanche wrote:
               | Another link:
               | https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-020-01577-x
               | 
               | Paxlovid and Ivermectin are both 3CLPro protease
               | inhibitors.
        
           | GhettoComputers wrote:
           | Yeah the big pharma were so moral they allowed any other
           | company to copy their complex vaccines that needs special
           | cold storage with significant investment they got free from
           | the government also for specialized manufacturing, all this
           | is offered patent free out of the goodness of their hearts! I
           | wonder why smaller companies didn't take them up on their
           | generous offer?
        
             | jolts wrote:
             | Yeah because a vaccine against the beta/wuhan variant which
             | haven't even been updated for the delta variant is great.
             | 
             | 99.97% of people will develop antibodies naturally.
             | 
             | And there is early treatment like ivermectin,
             | hydrochloroquine, monoclonal antibodies.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | That's a big nope.
         | 
         | https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-067310377629
         | 
         | > Ivermectin binds to glutamate-gated chloride channels and is
         | used to treat parasite infections, said Joseph Glajch, a
         | consultant in pharmaceutical and analytical chemistry.
         | 
         | > "These two are so far apart," he said. "If you look at how
         | they interact with the body..., they don't even go to the same
         | pathways or receptors."
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | orra wrote:
       | I am thinking: if and when this is approved, we have to think
       | about distribution.
       | 
       | This drug is fantastically effective at preventing
       | hospitalisation and death, if administered within three days of
       | symptom onset.
       | 
       | That gives quite a long time! But we still need to make it easy
       | to take. Do pharmacies give it out? ER rooms? We don't want to
       | wait until people are hospitalised; we are trying to avoid that.
       | 
       | So when you test positive, does the government send you out a
       | pill with the "sorry, you have to isolate" SMS?
        
         | GhettoComputers wrote:
         | Who is the market for this? The assumption is that you give it
         | ASAP and people want to take it. If people aren't interested in
         | vaccinations they may not want it either, and the vaccines are
         | already very effective at preventing these issues.
        
           | tempoponet wrote:
           | And unfortunately the window for this closes before a skeptic
           | will get desperate. Once people go on a vent they appear to
           | become open minded to other treatment options.
        
           | jollybean wrote:
           | Unfortunately, it's the opposite.
           | 
           | Anti-Vaxx people seem to absolutely love non-vax treatments.
           | 
           | I don't know if the rationalization is sound, but I'm not
           | sure it's really that.
           | 
           | The anti-vaxx stigma pre-COVID I think has had it's toll.
           | 
           | The notion of 'government pushing you to take something' as
           | well.
           | 
           | Whereas, 'you get sick, you take a pill' is an easy concept.
           | 
           | My fear is that a lot of people won't bother with a vax if
           | they think there's a 'cure'.
        
             | rajup wrote:
             | > My fear is that a lot of people won't bother with a vax
             | if they think there's a 'cure'.
             | 
             | Interesting. Indeed, should people bother with a vax if
             | there's a highly effective cure? Is it worth all the teeth-
             | gnashing and hair pulling on the part of the medical
             | establishment, political establishment and media about
             | people who would rather get COVID than get the vaccine? IMO
             | this cure (once it starts rolling out ofc) is a reason to
             | start rolling back vaccine and mask mandates rather than
             | impose more mandates.
             | 
             | [Disclaimer: Fully vaxxed, will take a booster, etc]
        
               | tsol wrote:
               | Then you have the issue of people continuing to spread it
               | to those who can't take a vaccine, including the
               | immunocompromised.
               | 
               | There is also the worry of the effects of long covid.
               | Just yesterday I was reading a thread on here of people
               | complaining about experiences of their loved ones with
               | long term covid after effects not being able to find
               | relief from doctors because, well, we still don't even
               | know what causes it. Better to avoid an infection that
               | let a virus ravage through your body hoping medication
               | can reverse all the effects on the body
        
             | UnFleshedOne wrote:
             | I think the main difference is one has to necessarily take
             | on vaccine risk without catching covid, so you balance
             | chance of vax complications vs chance of getting covid
             | multiplied by chance of getting bad case of covid.
             | 
             | So 1 * P(bad vax) vs P(getting covid) * P(bad covid case).
             | 
             | While most of other proposed treatments are after you
             | already got it.
             | 
             | So P(bad side effects) vs 1 * P(bad covid case).
             | 
             | Depending on your priors and health, those balance very
             | differently.
             | 
             | Also, if the new pill ends up as effective as they say it
             | is, there is no reason to push for 100% vax uptake anymore
             | -- it would turn covid into a slightly more dangerous cold.
        
               | jollybean wrote:
               | Well, kind of.
               | 
               | 1) There really is no such thing as 'Vaccine Risk' in the
               | material sense, any more than we would us language such
               | as 'Flying Risk'. Esp. in the US where thee is no AZ
               | vaccine, the risk is negligible.
               | 
               | 'The Vaccine Risk' in the minds of many people isn't
               | consistent with the reality, and it's a major
               | communications problem.
               | 
               | Anti-vaxxers are internalizing and propagandizing a
               | degree of risk that just isn't real, leading to bad
               | health outcomes.
               | 
               | Sure, technically, it's a risk, but so is anything else.
               | 
               | 2) 'No push for 100% Vaccine' - maybe not for '100%' but
               | we really need to push hard on vaccines.
               | 
               | COVID is not scary because it's excessively deadly. It's
               | scary because it's excessively viral, meaning, it's a
               | community disease, less so an individual disease.
               | 
               | Stopping COVID means stoping the spread, not trying to
               | cure people when they get it.
               | 
               | With 95% vaccination, R0 drops below 1 and so
               | hospitalization rates are low, we can focus on the hard
               | cases.
               | 
               | With 0% vaccination and a 85% effective drug, well,
               | 'everyone' will get COVID, and a scary number of them
               | will die.
               | 
               | The 'Best Answer' by far in a world where vaccines are
               | very safe, very cheap, and very effective - is to get 'as
               | many as we can' vaccinated. And then use the expensive
               | drugs on the hard cases.
        
               | mensetmanusman wrote:
               | For endemic viruses that also spread through domestic
               | pets 95% becomes unobtainable unless we start going after
               | the 100,000,000 domestic pets in the US alone.
        
               | orra wrote:
               | > one has to necessarily take on vaccine risk without
               | catching covid
               | 
               | Thankfully that risk is tiny.
               | 
               | > Also, if the new pill ends up as effective as they say
               | it is, there is no reason to push for 100% vax uptake
               | anymore -- it would turn covid into a slightly more
               | dangerous cold.
               | 
               | No, vaccination remains far cheaper. Mass vaccination
               | also reduces the risk of mutation, and of infection
               | others.
               | 
               | If everybody gets vaccinated AND this anti viral is
               | widely available for those infected, COVID will be well
               | and truly deranged.
        
             | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
             | This is also the same line of thinking that pushes for more
             | knee replacements than dietician and gym trainer
             | appointments. For some reason preventative thinking is
             | alien.
        
           | jdhn wrote:
           | I'd say that this will appeal to people who are covid vaccine
           | skeptical. If you're skeptical of the mRNA vaccines, you'd
           | probably be in favor of this treatment than the vaccines.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | Because _absolutely_ _anything_ is less dangerous than
             | mRNA.
        
               | epakai wrote:
               | mRNA has _potential_ to be dangerous. There is nothing
               | inherently dangerous in what our bodies already use as
               | building instructions, nor is there evidence to suggest
               | current mRNA vaccines cause any of these theoretical
               | issues.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Yeah, plus on top of that, anything has the potential to
               | be dangerous. Take, for example, water. Everybody knows
               | about its positive sides, and about most of the negative
               | ones.
               | 
               | But 99% of people don't know that water can kill you. I'm
               | not talking about drowning.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_intoxication
               | 
               | If the most benign substance on the surface on the planet
               | can kill you, anything can.
        
             | orra wrote:
             | I'm not so certain. People who for whatever irrational
             | reason don't want an mRNA vaccine can take a viral vector
             | vaccine. Yet they don't.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Maybe if they're hesitant for irrational reasons. But if
               | they're hesitant for rational reasons, mRNA vaccines and
               | modified adenovirus vaccines are both new for mass use.
               | 
               | There are some inactivated virus vaccines which would be
               | best for people who want to avoid new vaccine types, but
               | AFAIK they haven't even been tested in the US.
        
               | nijave wrote:
               | Monoclonal antibodies get less pushback
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/18/health/covid-antibody-
               | reg...
               | 
               | I think there's also some "it won't happen to me"
               | mentality that quickly disappears once it does (which is
               | far too late for a vaccine)
        
               | claytongulick wrote:
               | I suppose some people would lump me in with "anti-vaxxer"
               | because I don't want to get the Covid vaccine.
               | 
               | I'm not anti-vax, btw. I have a medical condition that
               | requires me to receive regular vaccination against
               | several diseases, and I'm strict about doing that on
               | time.
               | 
               | I've made a calculated decision in the case of this
               | _specific_ vaccine based on that fact that I 've now had
               | Covid twice (first time was a bit nasty, second time was
               | very mild) and have acquired fairly robust natural
               | immunity.
               | 
               | According to almost all of the research I've read,
               | natural immunity is at least as effective as the vaccine,
               | which makes sense to me. Our bodies (if healthy) tend to
               | be pretty good at this stuff.
               | 
               | The vaccine carries risk, all medical treatments do. When
               | I calculate my baseline risk - very healthy, fit, no
               | cormobidities, etc..., couple it with my acquired natural
               | immunity, my chances of a negative outcome from Covid
               | asymptotically approach zero. This appears to me to be
               | less risk than the vaccine introduces.
               | 
               | I say all this to describe my mindset, I think a lot of
               | people share it. Lumping everyone that choses based on a
               | risk calculation to not receive the vaccine as "anti-
               | vaxxer" is a common thing that people do (though I
               | believe it is wrong).
               | 
               | All that being said, my primary point is that if I got
               | Covid again, I'd _absolutely_ be receptive to a
               | therapeutic like this.
               | 
               | My decision against getting the vaccine was entirely risk
               | based. At the point where I've contracted the illness
               | again, however unlikely, the risk has been realized and I
               | would 100% be receptive to taking this therapeutic if my
               | doctor recommended it.
        
               | geraneum wrote:
               | I hear you and your argument sounds rational. I wonder
               | what do you think about receiving it for the sake of
               | potentially vulnerable people around you. Just to reduce
               | the likelihood of spreading it to someone who, unlike
               | you, might be in real danger.
               | 
               | I personally didn't mind the side effects, but mainly got
               | it because I thought: What if I get Covid and give it to
               | someone and something happens to them? And then I thought
               | that it still worths the risk.
               | 
               | Of course no one should blame you if you want to care for
               | yourself but I'm interested to know your feelings on
               | this.
        
               | mensetmanusman wrote:
               | It's rational argument especially now that we know
               | vaccinated people spread this endemic virus.
               | 
               | Your mindset should be: everyone is going to get this,
               | probably multiple times in your life, vaccines reduce the
               | symptoms, but not as effectively as having survived
               | covid.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | The thing is, you're not representative of unvaccinated
               | folks. You're an extreme outlier. Most of them haven't
               | done this research.
               | 
               | In my opinion, if you're nice and wear a mask in crowded
               | conditions, don't go around hanging especially indoors in
               | big groups, your position is kind of ok.
               | 
               | Though I'd still look at the numbers to check if vaccines
               | reduce infection rates and rate of spread. Because if
               | that's true, it might be worth getting vaccinated to
               | protect others a bit more.
        
               | mensetmanusman wrote:
               | Your priors probably need updating as natural immunity as
               | the OP describes appears to be much more robust, esp
               | compared to the J&J after a year. Also vaccinated people
               | spread delta, so everyone is getting it on some time
               | scale.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | You > Your priors probably need updating as natural
               | immunity as the OP describes appears to be much more
               | robust, esp compared to the J&J after a year.
               | 
               | Me > Though I'd still look at the numbers to check if
               | vaccines reduce infection rates and rate of spread.
               | 
               | Thankfully I said that already.
               | 
               | > Also vaccinated people spread delta, so everyone is
               | getting it on some time scale.
               | 
               | That's not guaranteed, though. Just like not everyone on
               | the planet will ever get all the strands of flu or cold
               | or whatever. Through natural immunity + vaccinations at
               | some point the disease can just die down and through a
               | simple rotation you could avoid it (i.e. everyone else
               | gets it at a time when you're not around so you're
               | spared).
               | 
               | Plus the time scale is important. In November 2019 we
               | didn't have any vaccines, now we have 4 that are approved
               | on a wide scale (Pfizer, Moderna, J&J, AZ) plus a bunch
               | of others with widespread usage but a less stellar
               | reputation (Sputnik, the Chinese ones) plus another bunch
               | coming soon <<and>> this very topic is about a drug for
               | curing it. And another slightly less effective drug has
               | also been approved recently, from Merck. That's... 24
               | months after the initial outbreak. Who knows what 24 more
               | months will bring?
        
             | swader999 wrote:
             | I had one vaccine dose with severe issues. So maybe I'm
             | skeptical, I won't get a second or third dose. Most people
             | in this camp will just use ivermectin. Including myself, it
             | works and is safe.
        
               | tsol wrote:
               | The antiviral mechanism of Ivermectin involves the
               | inhibition of nuclear transport by importin a/b1 in the
               | host. It can and has lead to death when improperly dosed.
        
           | KennyBlanken wrote:
           | > Who is the market for this?
           | 
           | Wealthy people.
        
           | orra wrote:
           | The vaccines are 92-95% effective at preventing
           | hospitalisation and death. (They also reduce spread
           | significantly.) That's great.
           | 
           | However, that means something like this is still very useful
           | because of that 5-8%, especially for the elderly and the
           | immunosuppressed, etc.
           | 
           | (I share your skepticism anti vaxxers would be interested in
           | an effective treatment.)
        
             | penultimatebro wrote:
             | The mRNA vaccines do not, and never have, reduce the spread
             | of the virus from one infected person to someone else.
             | 
             | The only thing they do is reduce symptoms. That has been
             | known from clinical trials.
             | 
             | Everything else is a talking point not based on a peer
             | reviewed scientific study. Or if you think you have a study
             | that refutes this, please post.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | > The mRNA vaccines do not, and never have, reduce the
               | spread of the virus from one infected person to someone
               | else
               | 
               | That's simply not correct.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | miked85 wrote:
               | Do you have a source for that?
               | 
               | "fully vaccinated individuals with breakthrough
               | infections have peak viral load similar to unvaccinated
               | cases and can efficiently transmit infection in household
               | settings, including to fully vaccinated contacts." [1]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PII
               | S1473-3...
        
               | tylerhou wrote:
               | This study is for household transmission in an extended
               | setting. That's not the same as transmission e.g. in an
               | outdoor environment or for short, casual contact.
               | 
               | Vaccinated people are less likely to be infected, hence
               | "breakthrough case." Your quote is like saying that
               | "people thrown out of windows in car crashes have the
               | same rate of injury, despite whether the person was
               | wearing a seatbelt or not." That may be true, but wearing
               | a seatbelt definitely reduces the chance of getting
               | thrown out of a window.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | I too can google: https://www.businessinsider.com/covid-
               | vaccine-effectiveness-...
        
               | miked85 wrote:
               | So I guess we can just choose which study to believe.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | Rules of thumb:
               | 
               | a) choose the later study
               | 
               | b) look at what happens in the real world (e.g.
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29124652 )
               | 
               | And, If there is uncertainty (and there always is some
               | small amount of it) then this does not support the parent
               | commenter's strong and confident assertion that "do not,
               | and never have" ... produced an effect.
        
               | penultimatebro wrote:
               | Well I'm convinced. Case closed, you win.
        
               | pkaye wrote:
               | California shows that unvaccinated people were 6.8 times
               | more likely to get COVID-19 than fully vaccinated people.
               | 
               | https://covid19.ca.gov/state-dashboard/
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | Yes, This trend is true anywhere in the world that has
               | mass vaccination, e.g. UK:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hc7A1bVuSJU&t=56s
               | 
               | IDK why anyone would deny this observable reality.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | I can see your comment history, and you made the same
               | false statement 3 days prior to this one. You were given
               | long responses with links then. ( e.g.
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29078217 )
               | 
               | The same thing 5 days ago:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29058624 you were
               | given a response that you ignored.
               | 
               | Those didn't make any impression on you; you carried on
               | saying the same false thing. So there was no point in
               | trying to convince you this time, it's clear that would
               | be simply a waste of my time to try to change your mind
               | again. You aren't here for that.
               | 
               | I'm merely marking your misinformation for the benefit of
               | others.
        
           | delecti wrote:
           | I think skepticism of vaccines largely doesn't transfer to
           | the broader medical field. The ineffective fad treatments
           | (ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine) are still medicine, but
           | are still "popular" with vaccine skeptics. It's not rational,
           | but I think vaccine skepticism is largely not rational to
           | begin with.
        
             | mchusma wrote:
             | Anecdotally, hearing from doctors working in COVID wards,
             | they consist almost entirely of anti-vaxxers who are now
             | seeking (and receiving) treatments only recently approved.
             | So while not everyone will take this, I think probably many
             | would once they have symptoms.
             | 
             | That said, this does work better it seems if taken early,
             | before the anti-vax sentiment may have worn off. Hard to
             | say.
             | 
             | What it does signal is really the "end of the pandemic". We
             | have both a vaccine (now approved for kids) and a cure.
             | That sounds like it to me.
        
               | laurent92 wrote:
               | This. Being antivax when one has 93% if not facing the
               | virus [?] refusing drugs when infected. At that point,
               | it's worth doing everything because the risk is realized.
        
               | sdenton4 wrote:
               | The first three days of symptoms for an anti-vaxxer are
               | obviously just a flu, because covid is fake. It's not
               | covid until they're hooked up to a machine...
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | The fad treatments are "still medicine," but crucially are
             | not generally approved of by the "mainstream medical
             | establishment." This lack of approval is the key feature of
             | these treatments.
        
               | nkozyra wrote:
               | > This lack of approval is the key feature of these
               | treatments.
               | 
               | Lack of approval + length of use as medicine. There's a
               | narrative that drug X has been used for 50 years (despite
               | what it's used for) and therefore the pharma industry is
               | uninterested in its success because they can't get rich
               | off of it.
               | 
               | The latter is a common thread, along the lines of "what
               | THEY don't want you to know."
        
               | pfisherman wrote:
               | But this makes absolutely no sense. Plenty of previously
               | approved drugs, such as anticoagulants and dexamethasone,
               | are part of the current standard of care; and their
               | effectiveness has unambiguously been borne out by the
               | data with multiple independent studies / analyses that
               | all agree.
               | 
               | So why are THEY for these but against ivermectin?
               | 
               | Of course the whole idea of THEY is nutty. The idea that
               | there is this level of coordination / cooperation among
               | pharma companies is ridiculous enough to be the punchline
               | of a joke.
        
       | barbazoo wrote:
       | > There were six hospitalizations and no deaths among the 607
       | patients who received Paxlovid within five days of symptom onset,
       | compared to 41 hospitalizations and 10 deaths in the placebo
       | cohort.
       | 
       | I know it shouldn't be shocking but it just hit me that being in
       | the control group here is very close to getting a death sentence.
       | I couldn't find it in the article OP shared or the press release,
       | but did the control group get any other treatment?
        
         | ISL wrote:
         | Sometimes the experimental drug has unexpected side-effects or
         | is _less_ effective than the placebo. Both sides of the trial
         | are a gamble. It is a trial because literally nobody knows for
         | sure what the outcome will be -- only an informed guess that
         | the new treatment is a good idea.
         | 
         | When trials are extremely effective, they are sometimes halted
         | and rolled out early. That sounds like exactly what Pfizer is
         | attempting to do here. The company thinks that they have a
         | clear-enough signal to be worth going to the press and
         | preparing FDA for the EUA.
         | 
         | Pfizer will have made an embarrassing error if the final trial-
         | results turn out to differ with their claims, but if they
         | don't, then Pfizer has given a several-week head start to
         | rolling the drug out to all patients.
        
         | uranium wrote:
         | While I haven't read this particular study, the standard way to
         | do a trial like this is to compare against the current standard
         | of care, not no treatment.
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | Usually with these kinds of experiments, you would get all the
         | other normal treatments, because it would be unethical
         | otherwise.
        
         | xyzzyz wrote:
         | 10 deaths in 600 is not quite a death sentence, in my opinion.
         | And yes, placebo group always gets current standard treatment,
         | it would be rather wrong to do otherwise.
        
           | barbazoo wrote:
           | Not a chance I'd like to take
        
             | joenot443 wrote:
             | For sure, but in this case, not taking the chance
             | guarantees you the "placebo", or standard care, meaning
             | you'd be in the same boat as if you'd entered the study and
             | received the placebo dose.
        
       | rafale wrote:
       | So as good as a vaccine basically?
        
         | grey413 wrote:
         | They're apples and oranges, really. The best course of action
         | to get a vaccine for the preventative effects and an antiviral
         | if one has a breakthrough infection.
        
         | spazrunaway wrote:
         | I'm excited to hear the results of the pill among the
         | vaccinated. Cutting the risk of severe symptoms among high-risk
         | vaccinated people, and the risk of long covid for everyone is
         | very important. The vaccines are great, but not silver bullets
         | themselves.
        
           | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
           | "Long covid" is an urban legend.
        
             | helge9210 wrote:
             | It does exist. Probably has the same symptoms as any other
             | virus pneumonia.
        
               | nsxwolf wrote:
               | Long-everything exists, we just don't talk about it. I've
               | had multiple colds that lasted 2-3 months, and one that
               | didn't completely resolve for almost 6 months.
        
               | spazrunaway wrote:
               | I'm guessing they didn't damage your organs, though.
        
               | nsxwolf wrote:
               | How could I know? My lungs aren't so great, so maybe they
               | did.
               | 
               | Also, the WHO definition of "Long COVID" is
               | 
               | "Post-COVID-19 condition occurs in individuals with a
               | history of probable or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection,
               | usually 3 months from the onset of COVID-19 with symptoms
               | that last for at least 2 months and cannot be explained
               | by an alternative diagnosis."
               | 
               | That's any symptoms, not necessarily organ damage.
        
             | mikepurvis wrote:
             | Really? I don't think so:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_COVID#Further_reading
        
             | widjit wrote:
             | as someone who definitely had and suffered through long
             | COVID, I would like to know what you think you are
             | accomplishing by making false claims like this.
             | 
             | do you think you're being edgy? what possible work is your
             | ignorant comment doing?
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | It took me about six months to recover from Covid post
               | infection. I got it in the early weeks of the pandemic;
               | it took from around mid April to October of 2020 to get
               | back to normal. I've felt fine since. I don't know what
               | exactly they're calling long Covid these days, but the
               | parent comment is pretty obviously ignorant.
        
         | cbtacy wrote:
         | As long as your definition of "good" doesn't include public
         | health and you know "not killing other people", sure... it's as
         | "good".
        
           | merpnderp wrote:
           | People should get vaccinated. But at this point making claims
           | that the vaccinated don't spread covid is not supported by
           | the science.
        
             | grey413 wrote:
             | On the other hand, claiming that the vaccinated spread the
             | disease 63% less even in close household situations _is_
             | supported by the science.
             | 
             | https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.14.21264959
             | v...
        
               | merpnderp wrote:
               | If we made policy decisions based on a single paper, we'd
               | all be taking HCQ and Ivermectin. And that study's
               | confidence intervals are large. The upper bound looks
               | like it could be in the same range for unvaccinated
               | people.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | gameswithgo wrote:
         | For protecting yourself, probably, for protecting others and
         | helping prevent the virus from spreading and mutating, no.
        
           | ed25519FUUU wrote:
           | Didn't we establish last week the vaccine is not effective at
           | stopping the spread of the virus?
        
             | chiefalchemist wrote:
             | More or less yes. The initial narrative of the jab as
             | panacea has since evolved. The talking point now focuses on
             | reducing hospitalization and death. The bit about the jab
             | stopping transmission has been dropped as the number of so
             | called breakthrough cases increases. Press Secretary Jen
             | Psaki comes to mind.
        
             | kps wrote:
             | Stopping entirely, no. Reducing, yes.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | Depends on how you define effective.
             | 
             | Forever? No. Perfectly? No.
             | 
             | They do have an measurable impact on transmission,
             | especially soon after vaccination.
             | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02689-y
        
             | Sindisil wrote:
             | No.
             | 
             | The vaccines are not 100% effective at preventing spread
             | (nor for preventing serious illness, for that matter).
             | 
             | That is not even remotely the same as "not effective".
             | 
             | In practice, the vaccines (with the possible partial
             | exception of the J&J single dose) provide significant
             | reduction in both spread and serious illness.
        
               | isolli wrote:
               | That vaccines reduce spread significantly is possible,
               | and we can hope that they do, but it is not proven yet.
        
             | sjg007 wrote:
             | If everyone was vaccinated it would make a big difference.
        
               | orra wrote:
               | People act astonished the COVID vaccines aren't perfect.
               | You mentioning universal vaccination is such a key point.
               | Let's look at smallpox.
               | 
               | We eliminated smallpox. Amazing! Yet, first, the smallpox
               | vaccine wasn't perfect. It was 95% effective against
               | infection. I would bet it's actually less than that. They
               | probably mean symptomatic infection, because who was
               | widely testing asymptomatic vaccinated people for
               | smallpox? In contrast, symptomatic smallpox patients are
               | pretty obviously and unambiguously infected with
               | smallpox.
               | 
               | Second, what's particularly interesting is if you were
               | the only smallpox-vaccinated person in a house of a
               | couple others, the vaccine efficacy fell to about two
               | thirds.
               | 
               | This isn't a world apart from the COVID vaccines. Two
               | doses protects you 92-95% against severe disease. And two
               | doses reduces the rate of transmission, _if_ you end up
               | infected, by 50% (this was 80%, pre Delta).
               | 
               | As I said, people act astonished the COVID vaccines
               | aren't perfect. In reality, they're just focusing on
               | COVID efficacy in ways they never have with other
               | vaccines. The COVID vaccines are substantially more
               | effective than your typical seasonal flu jag, or the BCG.
               | COVID vaccines are not a world apart in efficacy than the
               | Smallpox vaccine--and we beat smallpox! Smallpox
               | elimination required universal vaccination, but we
               | managed.
        
             | dbsmith83 wrote:
             | No: https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/vaccinated-
             | people...
        
             | finolex1 wrote:
             | It's not a binary yes-no question. It is still effective at
             | stopping the spread of the virus, though not perfect.
        
               | incrudible wrote:
               | What exactly you would consider "effective"?
               | 
               | This[1] study suggests that there a brief period of
               | significant reduction (~three months), followed by a
               | period modest to no risk reduction, followed by a period
               | of _increased_ risk.
               | 
               | This[2] study found no correlation between vaccination
               | rates and viral spread.
               | 
               | [1] https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3
               | 949410
               | 
               | [2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8481107/
        
               | fsh wrote:
               | The first study is clearly underpowered to say anything
               | about the risk after more than around 150 days. This can
               | be seen in figures 2 and S1, where the confidence
               | intervals get larger than the effect size at around this
               | point. Combining multiple age groups together also leads
               | to a large risk of getting incorrect results due to
               | Simpson's paradox [1]. But with so little data, the
               | authors probably couldn't stratify for age groups without
               | the confidence intervals exploding.
               | 
               | A much larger study from the US [2] shows no measurable
               | decline in the protection against hospitalization due to
               | COVID over more than 5 months after vaccination.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.covid-datascience.com/post/israeli-data-
               | how-can-...
               | 
               | [2] https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02183-8
        
               | makomk wrote:
               | It's not quite a binary yes-no question, but the vaccines
               | not being effective enough for it to be possible to
               | achieve herd immunity through vaccination alone makes a
               | huge difference in how widely the virus ends up
               | spreading.
        
         | ralmeida wrote:
         | Comparable individual outcome, worse societal outcome - you
         | still spread it, so no reduction in overall cases, unlike a
         | vaccine.
        
           | FjolsvithAase wrote:
           | Yet, with the COVID vaccine, you still spread it, too:
           | 
           | https://theexpose.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Pierpont-
           | Why...
           | 
           | https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/pdfs/mm7031e2-H.pdf
           | 
           | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3897733
           | 
           | So, how could the outcome at the societal level be worse?
        
             | ralmeida wrote:
             | Do you have a source for R0 being _absolutely equal_ in
             | vaccinated vs unvaccinated?
        
             | chki wrote:
             | While a vaccine is not 100% effective in preventing the
             | spread of new cases it is at least somewhat effective.
        
           | helge9210 wrote:
           | Vaccine doesn't prevent spreading.
        
             | ralmeida wrote:
             | Citation needed - and note I didn't say it prevents "100%
             | of spreading"
        
             | dbsmith83 wrote:
             | No: https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/vaccinated-
             | people...
        
           | gadders wrote:
           | I thought the latest research was that the vaccinated can
           | still spread COVID?
        
             | ralmeida wrote:
             | Some might, but not all, which is still a reduction
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | I encourage everyone eligible to get vaccinated if they can,
           | but it does little to prevent spread. Over the long run we'll
           | all be exposed no matter what we do. The real benefit of
           | vaccines is in reducing the risk of severe symptoms.
           | 
           | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02689-y
           | 
           | https://www.businessinsider.com/delta-variant-made-herd-
           | immu...
        
             | dbsmith83 wrote:
             | > ...but it does little to prevent spread.
             | 
             | Actually it does reduce transmission
             | 
             | https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/vaccinated-
             | people...
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Vaccination slightly reduces the risk of transmission for
               | individual interactions (at least for a while) but that
               | just stretches the curve out a little. Since SARS-CoV-2
               | is now endemic throughout the worldwide human population
               | (plus several other mammal species) we can all expect to
               | be exposed multiple times throughout our lives no matter
               | what we do. Fortunately the vaccines are very effective
               | at preventing deaths.
               | 
               | https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS147
               | 3-3...
        
             | mikepurvis wrote:
             | I don't think either of those sources justifies "does
             | little to prevent spread." The language used in them is
             | considerably more hedged, eg:
             | 
             | "But growing evidence suggests that, with the Delta
             | variant, fully vaccinated people can still transmit the
             | virus."
             | 
             | And this:
             | 
             | "Unfortunately, the vaccine's beneficial effect on Delta
             | transmission waned to almost negligible levels over time.
             | In people infected 2 weeks after receiving the vaccine
             | developed by the University of Oxford and AstraZeneca, both
             | in the UK, the chance that an unvaccinated close contact
             | would test positive was 57%, but 3 months later, that
             | chance rose to 67%. The latter figure is on par with the
             | likelihood that an unvaccinated person will spread the
             | virus."
             | 
             | Is also not super relevant-- what most people want to know
             | is not whether a breakthrough infection is _capable_ of
             | spreading it, but whether you 're more likely to _get_ a
             | breakthrough infection. I think most vaccinated people
             | (which is most people in rich countries now) care much more
             | about the unvaccinated - > vaccinated transmission and the
             | vaccinated -> vaccinated transmission than they do about
             | vaccinated -> unvaccinated.
        
             | ralmeida wrote:
             | > it does little to prevent spread
             | 
             | How much, exactly?
             | 
             | > Over the long run we'll all be exposed no matter what we
             | do
             | 
             | Plausible, but your sources don't appear to support that,
             | other than the claim from Mr. Pollard. Is there anything
             | I'm missing?
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | "The most statistically significant data point is that
               | vaccinated people certainly have a faster rate of viral
               | decline," said Ferguson, "so they may potentially be
               | infectious for less time, but they don't necessarily have
               | any reduced peak of viral load. Most transmission
               | probably happens around that peak of viral load, which is
               | why we think we're still seeing substantial transmission
               | rates from vaccinated people, both to unvaccinated people
               | and to other vaccinated people."
               | 
               | https://www.bmj.com/content/375/bmj.n2638
        
         | jensensbutton wrote:
         | Minus the preventative part.
        
           | rbut wrote:
           | Preventative of what?
           | 
           | Serious disease? - The same/similar (though studies have
           | shown this declines within 6 months). Op is correct.
           | 
           | Catching/Transmission? - The current vaccines are systemic
           | and not mucosal, so they don't stop it infecting the upper
           | respiratory tract. - A recent study shows fully-vaccinated
           | households can spread at similar rates to unvaccinated
           | households [1]
           | 
           | [1] https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS147
           | 3-3...
        
             | spankalee wrote:
             | From your own link:
             | 
             | "Vaccination reduces the risk of delta variant infection
             | and accelerates viral clearance."
        
         | dmingod666 wrote:
         | vaccines do not work if administered after infection -- this is
         | after infection and symptoms.
        
         | G79 wrote:
         | as "good" as...as in...its effectiveness % reduces in line with
         | the increase in profits?
        
         | dTP90pN wrote:
         | Minus the high safety profile current vaccines exhibit.
        
       | rob_c wrote:
       | why does this site make it so difficult to escape back in history
       | again? someone please shoot that designer.
        
       | RicoElectrico wrote:
       | We had reports of people who wanted to take weird-ass drugs-of-
       | the-day just to refuse getting vaccinated. And screaming
       | "conspiracy" when their efficacy was not confirmed to be as high
       | as they expected.
       | 
       | Good that we have something that actually works, bad that some
       | assholes will use it as an excuse not to get vaxxed, completely
       | missing the point (among others, trying to prevent something
       | worse than Delta).
        
         | foolinaround wrote:
         | > weird-ass drugs-of-the-day
         | 
         | which ones are you talking about?
        
         | _Microft wrote:
         | On top of that, they will most likely discredit the new drug,
         | claim that it was only developed because there is no money in
         | old drugs,... blablablah.
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | I think that crowd will hate on this new drug. It's from Big
         | Pharma, very expensive, it's probably full of GMOs and brain-
         | controlling chips from Bill Gates. They'll stick with their
         | cheap, generic ivermectin.
        
           | RicoElectrico wrote:
           | In Poland the "wonder drug" was amantadine and the "martyr"
           | was dr Bodnar.
        
           | tclancy wrote:
           | And LUCIFERASE!
        
             | adrianN wrote:
             | That's the enzyme you take when you have trouble digesting
             | Satan?
        
           | tsywke44 wrote:
           | No they won't. conspiracy theories are based on instincts and
           | emotions not any science or rationality.
           | 
           | pills are basically just food(=good) to the subconscious
           | lizard brain, zero negative connotations from evolution, zero
           | conspiracy theories
        
             | civilized wrote:
             | But if that were an iron truth, wouldn't people be
             | comfortable with GMOs?
        
               | tsywke44 wrote:
               | GMO's is emotional, largely based on the public image
               | around the word "mutant" meaning a hulk like green person
               | that was irradiated by a James Bond villain etc
        
               | base698 wrote:
               | Or maybe spraying roundup on everything and suing small
               | family farms for not using your GMO seed makes them the
               | James Bond villain.
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/feb/12/monsa
               | nto...
        
           | kibwen wrote:
           | And to be clear, this drug is not related to ivermectin:
           | https://apnews.com/article/fact-checking-067310377629
        
             | pjkundert wrote:
             | Except that they are both potent protease inhibitors.
             | 
             | Other than that, you mean?
        
               | thehappypm wrote:
               | Why would a parasite drug have protease inhibition
               | properties? Parasites don't have protease enzymes
        
         | Fellshard wrote:
         | Genuine question: is it necessary to get vaxxed if - all else
         | held the same - the cost is not significantly higher for the
         | antiviral? Wouldn't that cut the risk down so significantly
         | that we can safely say, "Vaccinate if you're at-risk for your
         | own protection, and have negligible risk otherwise"? This
         | changes the entire risk calculation.
        
           | cossatot wrote:
           | Vaccination is in large part about beating the _epidemic_ ,
           | i.e. the population-scale prevalence of the pathogen, by
           | preventing most of the infections and therefore disease
           | transmission. This pill is about treating disease symptoms,
           | but while doing nothing to limit disease spread.
           | 
           | So while on a personal level, there may not be dramatic
           | differences in death rates etc., on a population level the
           | differences are huge.
        
             | orangepurple wrote:
             | Incorrect, mRNA COVID vaccination is about reducing
             | symptoms in infected patients. It does absolutely nothing
             | to slow down or stop the spread of COVID.
        
               | thinkcontext wrote:
               | This is one of the most persistent pieces of
               | misinformation I've seen, especially in the face of clear
               | data.
               | 
               | The reduction in transmission rate for the vaccinated is
               | 89%. Even for someone with a breakthrough infection of
               | the more contagious Delta variant being vaccinated means
               | a 63% reduction.
               | 
               | https://www.newscientist.com/article/2294250-how-much-
               | less-l...
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | It's become reflexive whenever people claim it stops
               | transmission because all evidence for it is very _very_
               | recent, while the claim of stopping transmission started
               | to be used with authority as early as Feb 2021 with
               | absolutely no evidence. Not even Pfizer 's press release
               | in 2020 tried to claim they even researched it, let alone
               | had a conclusion, despite people nowadays claiming
               | otherwise.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | orangepurple wrote:
               | You are correct, it seems, if this trial is done
               | correctly. https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.1
               | 0.14.21264959v...
        
           | Nextgrid wrote:
           | If your reason to not get the vaccine is to avoid yet-to-be-
           | discovered side effects, wouldn't that apply to this drug as
           | well though? Not to mention that the vaccines now have a
           | year-long track record of safety despite widespread adoption,
           | where as this one has yet to be deployed on such a large
           | scale.
           | 
           | Also, the vaccines work on a principle that's somewhat well
           | understood, accepted and deemed safe: training the immune
           | system by giving it something that looks like the virus so it
           | can learn. The only novel part is how this "something that
           | looks like the virus" is created (mRNA as opposed to weakened
           | but real virus). On the other hand this new molecule has a
           | totally different mechanism of action and the potential for
           | side effects may be higher.
        
           | sabujp wrote:
           | yes vaccination 300% (i.e. single, second, and third booster
           | dose when ready!) Drugs that have anti-biologic properties
           | are never good for your body, neither is allowing symptoms to
           | fully manifest before taking drugs. People should still get
           | the vaccines. The drugs are a backup in case the virus still
           | overwhelms your immune system or causes it to overreact.
        
           | aneutron wrote:
           | In my untrained eyes (from an edipemological point of view),
           | it depends on many things. It's a slippery slope anyway ...
           | But I sort of view it from a "practical ethics" point of view
           | if you will ....
           | 
           | First thing I noticed is these result actually select people
           | who had the antiviral administered to them within 3 days of
           | the symptoms appearing. I have personally known people who
           | unfortunately died in a week tops after contracting the virus
           | (they had pre-existing conditions, namely hypertension and
           | diabetes).
           | 
           | Which brings me to my next point: Suppose the antiviral
           | exists and is viable to even beyond 85%. How much will it
           | cost ? I'm not a US citizen, but I'm thinking insurances will
           | rush to trying not to cover anyone who's not vaccinated or
           | some shady shit because they always do. And how about 3rd
           | world countries like the one I come from. We can't even get
           | RNA vaccines, let alone an experimental drug like this.
           | 
           | And now my final and target point: Suppose you don't want to
           | get the vaccine and you can afford the drug. We do have proof
           | that even if the vaccine doesn't protect you from the virus
           | completely, even in the unfortunate case where you do
           | contract it, you'll end up infecting less people. Now if you
           | choose to not get vaccinated, then you really do risk
           | potentially contaminating more people that will either have
           | no access to the antiviral within a reasonable effective
           | timeframe(and that maybe not vaccinated either) or just plain
           | infecting more people overall.
           | 
           | Not the cleanest reasoning, and not a mathematical proof by
           | any means, but I believe it's one of those "mathematical"
           | problems where the proof is finding an edge case (sorry
           | studied in french, really don't know how they say it in
           | english).
        
           | Jarmsy wrote:
           | I guess even _if_ that were the case, there 'd still be the
           | increased risk of catching and passing it to vulnerable
           | people with reduced immunity.
        
           | Steltek wrote:
           | I'm guessing you only get this pill if you're hospitalized
           | with severe symptoms. In which case, you're still occupying
           | hospital beds/resources, which is the main remaining threat
           | to rational society.
        
             | GhettoComputers wrote:
             | It was to prevent hospitalization.
        
             | mherdeg wrote:
             | > which is the main remaining threat to rational society
             | 
             | What is a "rational society" and what threatens it?
             | 
             | My default view is Rawlsian: I'd like to live in a society
             | which maximizes the well-being of the least well-off
             | people, even if that's not currently me. In that framework
             | one threat from a pandemic is that some at-risk people
             | might die (people with some health conditions will die when
             | infected and may not respond well to vaccination); that
             | threat can be mitigated if people develop treatments, apply
             | nonpharmaceutical interventions like indoor masking, and
             | participate in community inoculation.
             | 
             | There are other very different notions of a "rational
             | society". In some, the premature death of people who are
             | elderly, medically at-risk, or choose to avoid vaccination
             | might be preferred outcomes. Hmmm.
        
         | tsywke44 wrote:
         | The same antivaxxers who "refuse to take experiemental drugs
         | from big pharma Pfizer" will gobble this pill down no questions
         | asked.
         | 
         | Which just proves, the anti-vaxxer moment is based on the
         | primitive instinct of "pain and needles=bad"
         | 
         | Being scared of vaccines should be considered the same thing as
         | having a fear of dentists. Or pets hating going to the vet.
        
           | politician wrote:
           | Do open random executables that you get in your email? If
           | not, why not?
        
             | tsywke44 wrote:
             | No, I don't.
             | 
             | But just like I can trust the things I buy from the grocery
             | stone to not poison me or to have stones embedded inside, I
             | trust medical products taken by millions or even billions
             | of people
        
               | politician wrote:
               | People in urban areas like yourself only get food from
               | the grocery store, so they naturally treat everything
               | behind that as a black box. You have a learned belief in
               | the "API of the City", and that's OK. The API tells you
               | to inject yourself with random concoction that you can't
               | independently verify and so you do it.
               | 
               | People in rural areas see how food grows directly-- from
               | the ground or from livestock. They can get food from the
               | grocery or from their backyard: sometimes the backyard
               | food is fresher and better. These folks don't trust the
               | "API of the City" to provide for them. That's OK too. The
               | API tells them to inject themselves with a random
               | concoction that they can't independently verify and so
               | they refuse.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | I don't get injections or pills from random people stopping
             | by my house.
        
               | politician wrote:
               | You trust the manufacturer and their supply chain on the
               | value of their marketing efforts. That's OK.
        
             | kibwen wrote:
             | Do you apply random security patches signed by your distro
             | maintainers?
        
               | politician wrote:
               | No, I have the type of job where reading the changeset is
               | important. For this reason, I prefer to run NixOS.
        
           | overboard2 wrote:
           | I doubt it.
           | 
           | Source: https://babylonbee.com/news/pfizer-releases-popular-
           | new-drug...
        
           | nsxwolf wrote:
           | I'm not sure that's how it works. There's a calculus to this
           | I don't quite understand.
           | 
           | The group blesses and curses treatments based on
           | contradictory criteria.
           | 
           | Ivermectin is blessed, supposedly because it is cheap.
           | Molnupiravir is cursed, because it is a new drug Big Pharma
           | wants you to pay more for. The vaccines are cursed, even
           | though they're cheap. Monoclonal antibodies are blessed, even
           | though they are very expensive, and are effectively just the
           | products of vaccination.
           | 
           | I think it's more likely people are just doing what they are
           | told by whoever influences them the most. None of it has to
           | be consistent or make any kind of sense.
        
             | nsxwolf wrote:
             | I'm being downvoted but in March, conservatives were
             | screaming about how unfair it was that prisoners were
             | getting their shots first. Things aren't always what they
             | seem.
        
             | base698 wrote:
             | It's related to the Lindy effect.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindy_effect
        
         | rory wrote:
         | > _some assholes will use it as an excuse not to get vaxxed,
         | completely missing the point (among others, trying to prevent
         | something worse than Delta)._
         | 
         | It's still quite unclear whether vaccinated or unvaccinated
         | people pose a greater risk via viral evolution (especially
         | w/r/t risk to people that are already vaccinated). Basically
         | comes down to a comparison of a higher level of spread with
         | "normal" genetic drift vs. a somewhat lower (but still fairly
         | high) level of spread with selection for immune escape of the
         | current vaccine versions.
         | 
         | It's still a good idea to get vaccinated to help your own
         | reaction to the virus, and to keep hospitals at sustainable
         | capacity, but the "UNVACCINATED ARE MAKING THE VIRUS MORE EVIL"
         | claim is, at this point, more propaganda than fact.
         | 
         | Here's some discussion:
         | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal...
        
           | sabujp wrote:
           | There's no bad propaganda when it comes to persuading people
           | to get vaccinated. The alternative is the mess we're in now
           | because people hesitate to get vaccinated. This study uses
           | HIV to model sars mutation. HIV is highly mutagenic :
           | https://www.google.com/search?q=hiv+mutation+rate&oq=hiv+muta
           | tion+rate&aqs=chrome.0.0i512l6j0i22i30l4.1834j0j7&sourceid=ch
           | rome&ie=UTF-8
           | 
           | sar-cov2 is less mutagenic than the flu and far less than
           | HIV:
           | 
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7539923/
           | 
           | i.e. based on the PLOS study and the one above:
           | 1. PLOS study constantly uses the word "risk" and "may", i.e.
           | the authors don't know the actual probabilities of escape and
           | use a mathematical model based on a far more mutagenic virus,
           | HIV.         2. even if there's a low threshold for the virus
           | to mutate, most of the mutations are not viable         3. so
           | far we've seen only 4 dominant strains, the rest are being
           | outcompeted : https://www.google.com/search?q=how+many+domina
           | nt+mutations+of+covid+are+there         4. It makes more
           | logical sense to me that if your unvaccinated body takes 10
           | days to mount a peak immune response (as mentioned in the
           | PLOS study), that still gives the virus more time to mutate
           | even if there are no pressures to mutate. There's lots of
           | missing data in your study, particularly what exactly is the
           | mutation rate for sars-cov-2 in vaccinated vs unvaccinated
           | populations? But if we simply look at where the dominant
           | mutations have come from so far, it's not from countries with
           | high vaccination rates like Israel, New Zealand, or from
           | asian countries that take serious measures at curbing the
           | spread of the virus, singapore, japan, korea, china.
        
             | rory wrote:
             | > _There 's no bad propaganda when it comes to persuading
             | people to get vaccinated_
             | 
             | This is a very dangerous road to go down. I strongly
             | disagree that the government and media should have license
             | to lie to people if it's a useful lie in the moment. All
             | that does is erode trust in those institutions, the longer
             | term results of which are the root cause of most of the
             | anti-vaccine sentiment today.
             | 
             | > _PLOS study constantly uses the word "risk" and "may",
             | i.e. the authors don't know the actual probabilities of
             | escape and use a mathematical model based on a far more
             | mutagenic virus, HIV._
             | 
             | You're absolutely right. The experts are just guessing the
             | odds of this stuff, and you and I are really only able to
             | do the same, with even less certainty.
             | 
             | > _It makes more logical sense to me that if your
             | unvaccinated body takes 10 days to mount a peak immune
             | response (as mentioned in the PLOS study), that still gives
             | the virus more time to mutate even if there are no
             | pressures to mutate_
             | 
             | With all due respect, when dealing with probabilities like
             | this, non-experts estimating what makes "logical sense" is
             | completely useless.
             | 
             | > _if we simply look at where the dominant mutations have
             | come from so far, it 's not from countries with high
             | vaccination rates like Israel, New Zealand, or from asian
             | countries that take serious measures at curbing the spread
             | of the virus, singapore, japan, korea, china._
             | 
             | Israel and New Zealand have negligible populations on a
             | world scale. The efficacy of social distancing in the east
             | Asian countries you mentioned is clear, but completely
             | unrelated to the question at hand. The delta variant came
             | from India, a country of 1.4B people, before any of them
             | had access to the vaccines. That tells us nothing about
             | whether the vaccines net encourage or net discourage
             | harmful virus evolution.
             | 
             | It's okay to say we don't know, and in fact far better to
             | do so than to make up a politically convenient answer.
        
             | GhettoComputers wrote:
             | All those countries are small aside from China whose
             | vaccine is not very effective and people with high East
             | Asian ancestry have natural mutations against COVID.
             | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2818-3
             | 
             | You say vaccination or serious measure, which is the truth?
             | Could a mutation not occur elsewhere and infect a densely
             | populated area? There isn't evidence that the places most
             | affected were the origins of the virus mutations.
        
         | splatcollision wrote:
         | Easy - just brand it "ivermectan" and sit back and relax
        
         | resoluteteeth wrote:
         | It would be somewhat ironic if antivaxxers latch onto this
         | drug, because it actually has a possibility of turning out to
         | have bad side effects that will only show up much later
         | (increased rates of cancer), which is a major reason that is
         | given for people not wanting to get vaccinated.
         | 
         | Edit: Actually I was confusing this with molnupiravir; this
         | drug is presumably perfectly safe.
        
           | umanwizard wrote:
           | Why is the probability of late-appearing side effects higher
           | for this than for the vaccine?
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | Because of its mechanism of action, which is to induce
             | massive and deadly mutation and reproductive issues on the
             | virus. Normally this should not have an effect on our
             | bodies, but it's not impossible that it does lead to higher
             | cancer rates.
        
               | datameta wrote:
               | > but it's not impossible that it does lead to higher
               | cancer rates.
               | 
               | That is almost a non-statement that _could_ be seemingly
               | applied to anything with some pharmacological effect. I
               | think you and I and every other layman are talking out of
               | their ass when we make some kind of determination as to
               | any side effects Paxlovid might have.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | It's not a non-statement, such effects are a serious
               | concern for nucleoside analogs. But I can't say it's an
               | actual issue or that it's definitely not because we just
               | don't have sufficient data.
               | 
               | You're correct that almost anything with a
               | pharmacological effect has such concerns, which diminish
               | with time. That's why prevention is superior to
               | treatment.
               | 
               | Also I wasn't talking about Paxlovid, but molnupiravir,
               | which you'd also be taking.
        
               | datameta wrote:
               | I don't know enough about the difference between how
               | viral RNA polymerase and human RNA polymerase function,
               | but my hunch is the nucleotide substitution might not
               | apply to us. This could be wrong.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | That's the hunch these drugs are based upon. But things
               | in biochemistry are rarely black and white. There are
               | people with serious experience in the field saying that
               | there is a risk.
               | 
               | Certainly the risk is lower than untreated covid, but
               | it's just that if you can avoid the risk then all the
               | better.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | resoluteteeth wrote:
             | Sorry I was confusing it with Merck's molnupiravir which
             | could potentially cause genetic errors in humans. The drug
             | this article is about is unlikely to have side effects that
             | appear later.
        
         | stronglikedan wrote:
         | > some assholes will use it as an excuse not to get vaxxed
         | 
         | Well, they've succeeded in holding out long enough, now that
         | there's no longer a good reason to get vaxxed. Because, as most
         | people are starting to realize, the pandemic is over (at least
         | in the US).
        
           | kibwen wrote:
           | _> the pandemic is over (at least in the US)_
           | 
           | That remains to be seen. Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New
           | Years will be the test of this hypothesis.
        
           | switchbak wrote:
           | 1500 deaths a day, how is the pandemic over?
        
             | mikeyouse wrote:
             | Whether it's gun violence, suicides, drug overdoses, car
             | accidents, or now Covid -- the US has an _insane_ threshold
             | for what counts as an acceptable death rate.
        
           | datameta wrote:
           | It's potentially almost over thanks in large part to all the
           | people who made the sensible society benefiting decision of
           | taking the vaccine and/wearing a mask when in a non-dining
           | public indoor space.
        
           | cossatot wrote:
           | A simple look at the time series shows that this is not the
           | case in many places (e.g., Oregon, where I live):
           | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/oregon-covid-
           | cas...
        
             | cockzor wrote:
             | It isn't the case!??
             | 
             | Holy shit! There's a pandemic!
             | 
             | Get the kids and run and hide!
             | 
             | Holy fucking shit!!!
             | 
             | PANDEEEEMMMIIICCC!!!! It's coming right for us!!!
        
         | djrogers wrote:
         | > completely missing the point (among others, trying to prevent
         | something worse than Delta)
         | 
         | Given that there isn't a ton of data showing that vaccination
         | actually reduces infection or transmission, and all of the
         | clinical studies before approval were based on hospitals death,
         | I don't think you can claim that's 'the point'.
        
       | GhettoComputers wrote:
       | The title is all marketing. What's the control?
       | 
       | > The rates of hospitalization or death in the Paxlovid and
       | control arms were 1% and 6.7%, respectively, resulting in a risk
       | reduction of 85%. Most people that get COVID don't go to the
       | hospital nor do they die. How much is from a null hypothesis;
       | people who wouldn't have complications anyway? It's barely
       | significant if you use 5% as the minimum, and it can still be
       | noise. Vaccinated people are not going to have complications like
       | this anyway. People care about not getting infected, this
       | treatment is inferior to monoclonal antibodies and not barely
       | significantly different from control.
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | If you read past said title, the article literally includes
         | details on the control group.
         | 
         | > The rates of hospitalization or death in the Paxlovid and
         | control arms were 1% and 6.7%, respectively, resulting in a
         | risk reduction of 85%.
         | 
         | > Pfizer used data on patients who were treated within three
         | days of symptom onset as the headline finding in its press
         | release. In that subpopulation, the rates of hospitalization or
         | death in the Paxlovid and control groups were 0.8% and 7%,
         | respectively, resulting in a risk reduction of 89%. Merck's 50%
         | reduction was seen in patients who were randomized within five
         | days of symptom onset.
        
           | GhettoComputers wrote:
           | My point was that we don't know anything about the control.
           | Age, BMI, health, vaccination status, sex.
           | 
           | The effectiveness is very low.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | > My point was that we don't know anything about the
             | control. Age, BMI, health, vaccination status, sex.
             | 
             | This information will absolutely be part of the FDA's EUA
             | process, and as such, it's a silly idea that Pfizer
             | would've set up a study that doesn't account for these.
             | 
             | > The effectiveness is very low.
             | 
             | Bullshit.
        
               | salemh wrote:
               | Is regulatory capture not a thing anymore? Why do you
               | trust this company?
               | 
               | https://corporatewatch.org/pfizer-six-scandals-to-
               | remember/
               | 
               | 1986: Pfizer had to withdraw an artificial heart valve
               | from the market after defects led to it being implicated
               | in over 300 deaths. The US Food and Drug Administration
               | (FDA) withdrew its approval for the product in 1986 and
               | Pfizer agreed to pay hundreds of millions of dollars in
               | compensation after multiple lawsuits were brought against
               | it.
               | 
               | 2003: Pfizer has long been condemned for profiteering
               | from AIDS drugs. In 2003 for example, it walked away from
               | a licencing deal for its Rescriptor drug that would have
               | made it cheaper for poorer countries.
               | 
               | 2011: Pfizer was forced to pay compensation to families
               | of children killed in the controversial Trovan drug
               | trial. During the worst meningitis epidemic seen in
               | Africa, in 1996, Pfizer ran a trial in Nigeria their new
               | drug Trovan. Five of the 100 children who took Trovan
               | died and it caused liver damage, while it caused lifelong
               | disabilities in those who survived. But another group of
               | 100 children were given the conventional "gold standard"
               | meningitis antibiotic as a "control" group for
               | comparison. Six of them also tragically died because, the
               | families said, Pfizer had given them less than the
               | recommended level of the conventional antibiotic in order
               | to make Trovan look more effective.
               | 
               | 2012: Pfizer had to pay around $1billion to settle
               | lawsuits claiming its Prempro drug caused breast cancer.
               | Prempro was used in hormone replacement therapy, usually
               | for women going through the menopause. The settlements
               | came after six years of trials and hardship for the women
               | affected.
               | 
               | 2013: Pfizer paid out $273 million to settle over 2,000
               | cases in the US that accused its smoking treatment drug
               | Chantix of provoking suicidal and homicidal thoughts,
               | self harm and severe psychological disorders. Pfizer was
               | also accused of improperly excluding patients with a
               | history of depression or other mental disturbances from
               | trials for the drug. Later, in 2017, a coroner in
               | Australia ruled that the drug had contributed to a man's
               | suicide. The man's mother campaigned to change the label
               | on the drug.
               | 
               | 2020: Pfizer reached an agreement with thousands of
               | customers of its depo-testosterone drug in 2018 after
               | they sued it for increasing the likelihood of numerous
               | issues, including heart attacks.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | You've already copypasta'ed me this elsewhere.
        
       | blackbear_ wrote:
       | Note that to make the overall risk of adverse effects from
       | covid19 lower, any treatment that is taken _after_ the onset of
       | symptoms must be much more effective at preventing adverse
       | effects _in symptomatic patients_ compared to a vaccine. This is
       | because the vaccine greatly reduces the probabilty of symptomatic
       | infections, while the other treatments do not.
        
       | rob_c wrote:
       | Grand. Anything which stops the idiots stopping us from getting
       | back on with our lives is good. Not for me thanks, but it gives
       | people options to make decisions for themselves.
        
         | deworms wrote:
         | By now you should have noticed that you're not "getting back on
         | with your lives" no matter how good a boy you are and how many
         | freedoms you give up. You should have resisted this from the
         | start, this is your choice.
        
           | rob_c wrote:
           | Frankly given the work I've done demonstrating the anti
           | science direction policy has taken and the work I've done to
           | call out the bad "science" since the start you should be
           | thankful for the work I've done.
           | 
           | As for further "resistance" as soon as the 5G anti-vax
           | nutters started i started looking out for me by putting money
           | in the bank. My response from idiots insulting me over the
           | last 2 years is too stop carrying about _your_ freedoms being
           | taken. I'm looking out for me and I've had it with people
           | pretending to understand topics without at least reading and
           | properly understanding article summaries...
        
             | busymom0 wrote:
             | >5G anti-vax nutters
             | 
             | I have yet to meet anyone who's unvaxxed because they think
             | of some 5g conspiracy. I smell corporate media type elitism
             | in your comment.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | You've been using HN primarily for political and
               | ideological battle. We ban accounts that do that,
               | regardless of what they're battling for or against,
               | because it's destructive of everything this site is
               | supposed to be for. Surely you know that?
               | 
               | I'm not going to ban you right now, but please review the
               | site guidelines and stop breaking them.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
             | deworms wrote:
             | Hey, we're all in it together. I'm not the one "staying at
             | home" or wearing masks though, so ironically this affects
             | me less than it does you. We don't have any vaccine-related
             | restrictions where I live either.
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Would you please stop posting flamewar comments and using
             | HN for ideological battle? You've been doing it a lot and
             | we ban that sort of account. It's not what this site is
             | for, and it destroys what it is for.
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
           | dang wrote:
           | Please don't take HN threads further into flamewar. It makes
           | discussions predictable, tedious, and nasty.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
       | brink wrote:
       | > There were six hospitalizations and no deaths among the 607
       | patients who received Paxlovid within five days of symptom onset,
       | compared to 41 hospitalizations and 10 deaths in the placebo
       | cohort.
       | 
       | How does this work? You sign up for the program when you're sick
       | and you might get meds that help you? That would really suck if a
       | loved one was in the program and died because they happened to
       | get the placebo.
        
         | brianmcc wrote:
         | It's unusual but not unheard of for trials to be stopped ahead
         | of schedule because of this - the treatment is so clearly and
         | substantially beneficial it's considered unethical to continue
         | depriving the control group of the treatment.
         | 
         | When to Stop a Clinical Trial Early for Benefit: Lessons
         | Learned and Future Approaches:
         | 
         | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111...
        
           | tinus_hn wrote:
           | In this case the alternative to the trial would be the
           | 'dangerous' option of no treatment. So that doesn't really
           | apply here.
        
             | putnambr wrote:
             | How does it not apply here? Are you saying that no
             | treatment (right now there are no standards of care for
             | COVID-19) is not dangerous? If I recall correctly, that
             | option is leading to people dying.
        
               | tinus_hn wrote:
               | Read again.
               | 
               | > In this case the alternative to the trial would be the
               | [...] option of no treatment
               | 
               | So the alternative is what we do now, which indeed is the
               | 'dangerous' option.
        
         | imeron wrote:
         | Standard double blind trial protocol: you sign up for the
         | trial. You might get the actual drug or you might get placebo.
         | It's double blind because not even the doctor knows who gets
         | what.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | They randomly assign people to the control or treatment cohort.
         | Don't forget there's also the chance that the treatment gives
         | patients liver cancer or some other yet-unknown adverse
         | outcomes.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | kenjackson wrote:
         | It's a trial. That's not how they distribute it outside of a
         | trial.
        
         | kibwen wrote:
         | _> That would really suck if a loved one was in the program and
         | died because they happened to get the placebo._
         | 
         | Trials like this are performed in desperate situations, and you
         | only ever hear about the success stories. Most such trials
         | probably result in no measurable benefit, and run the risk of
         | an even worse outcome than the placebo.
        
         | tinus_hn wrote:
         | The alternative is what we have right now, 'scientists'
         | blathering about their assumptions with the constant disclaimer
         | that nobody really knows for real.
         | 
         | Real science does have a price.
        
           | HelloMcFly wrote:
           | > Real science does have a price.
           | 
           | Part of that price is honesty on what's truly known,
           | indicated, suggested, hypothesized, or unknown. What is
           | "blathering" to you is intellectual integrity to others.
        
           | woodruffw wrote:
           | > Real science does have a price.
           | 
           | I'm not following. Are you under the impression that the
           | COVID-19 vaccine trials weren't similarly double blinded?
        
             | tinus_hn wrote:
             | No, I am talking about 'scientists' telling others that
             | Covid-19 is magically limited to a 1.5m or 6 feet circle
             | (depending in which country you live). Or that they have to
             | be really careful outside, and that it's more safe to not
             | go for a walk and fatten up in front of the TV. Or that
             | 'covid 0' is a valid policy and that if it doesn't work it
             | is the fault of this week's scapegoat. And then censoring
             | anyone who would dare to point out the lack of logic.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | woodruffw wrote:
               | Nobody, and I mean _nobody_ , genuinely believes that
               | COVID-19 can't be spread when social distancing measures
               | are perfectly observed. The 1.5m/6ft distance was chosen
               | based on both epidemiological models that show
               | statistical decreases in contagion _and_ the political
               | reality that people (understandably) get very upset the
               | more you ask them to stay away from other people.
               | 
               | The rest of your post doesn't reflect any government
               | position that I'm currently aware of. Both my local
               | government and the CDC encouraged me to go outside, while
               | maintaining distancing, after the initial lockdown.
        
               | Izkata wrote:
               | > The 1.5m/6ft distance was chosen based on both
               | epidemiological models that show statistical decreases in
               | contagion
               | 
               | Those models were based on a very old mistake and had no
               | basis in reality: https://www.wired.com/story/the-teeny-
               | tiny-scientific-screwu...
               | 
               | It's a very long read, but worth it. Basically, the
               | social distancing measures were based on two things: That
               | the primary spread vector was "droplets", and that they
               | fell to the ground pretty quickly (before they could
               | spread beyond ~6 feet).
               | 
               | The mistake the title refers to is that the medical
               | definition that distinguishes "droplet" vs "aerosol"
               | isn't the same as any other context, such as when used
               | when determining how far the particles can travel. The
               | cutoff between "droplet" and "aerosol" in the medical
               | context came from a Tuberculosis study about how far
               | different particle sizes could penetrate into the lungs.
               | Only later were those numbers mistakenly used as the
               | cutoff for "droplets" vs "aerosols" in general, leading
               | to a lot of confusion over 2020: SARS-CoV-2 really does
               | spread primarily through aerosols, not droplets, as
               | defined in any context other than that medical mistake.
        
               | tinus_hn wrote:
               | The US is not the world and really, a lot of people have
               | made a lot of truly strange statements.
               | 
               | I have seen plenty of scientists with all kinds of
               | statements, the worst being 'oh if you got infected, it's
               | your own fault because you clearly didn't stay 1.5 m from
               | other people. Because otherwise it is impossible to get
               | infected!'
        
             | adolph wrote:
             | Seems like some of the emergency nature of C19 development
             | is altering previous ethical guidelines.
             | 
             | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01299-5
        
               | woodruffw wrote:
               | This is a correspondence piece, offering the _opinion_ of
               | a WHO working group. The opinion is also not the one you
               | might assume: it proposes unblinding _some subjects_ ,
               | not _researchers_ , based on COVID-19 morbidity risk.
               | 
               | From a cursory search of NEJM and PubMed, I can't find
               | evidence that any US-approved vaccines were allowed to
               | run unblinded trials. But I could be wrong.
        
         | stephen_g wrote:
         | Well, the other possibility is the drug could turn out to have
         | severe side effects including death, so either way you take a
         | risk.
         | 
         | If it does conclusively show effectiveness quite quickly, often
         | they will cut the phase of the trial short and put everybody on
         | the actual drug I think.
        
         | chiefalchemist wrote:
         | Keep in mind, it can go the other way as well. That the drug
         | leads to worse outcomes than a placebo. This is why there are
         | trials. This is why they are voluntary.
        
       | arnaudsm wrote:
       | That's great news! But remember that lowering the death rate has
       | a linear effect, while the R0 has an exponential one.
        
       | cblconfederate wrote:
       | I hope this proves to be real going forward. The vaccination
       | route seems to be hitting a deadend as a way to end the pandemic.
       | The pill will have to be cheap and available over the counter, it
       | makes no sense not to subsidize this.
        
         | GhettoComputers wrote:
         | They didn't mention side effects at all.
        
           | JanSt wrote:
           | I think less than in the placebo group, so none really
        
           | cblconfederate wrote:
           | True, OTOH unless the side effects are worse than covid, this
           | is absolutely game changing
        
         | Ginden wrote:
         | There is catch for antiviral drugs - like antibacterial drugs,
         | they can lead to selection of resistant strains. Therefore, we
         | can't just give it away to everyone without any control.
        
           | cblconfederate wrote:
           | we re already doing that with vaccines which are given to
           | more people. Besides this does not stop the virus from
           | transmitting, but it mitigates its harmful effect
        
       | jolts wrote:
       | Amazing how many cucks on HN are afraid of a virus with 99.97%
       | recovery rate. Natural immunity > vaccines
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We've banned this account for posting unsubstantive comments /
         | flamebait.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
       | shoto_io wrote:
       | This is Pfizer's antiviral drug. Merck's drug might be effective
       | as well, but if seems like to be also a drug with many side
       | affects interfering with your genome.
       | 
       | Getting vaccinated looks like a better option to me. Anyone know
       | if the Pfizer one works similarly?
       | 
       | https://www.forbes.com/sites/williamhaseltine/2021/11/02/har...
        
         | apendleton wrote:
         | Per the article:
         | 
         | > As a protease inhibitor, Paxlovid is free from the
         | theoretical DNA-alteration risk tied to the mechanism of action
         | of Merck's molnupiravir.
        
       | charles_f wrote:
       | > compared to 41 hospitalizations and 10 deaths in the placebo
       | cohort
       | 
       | This makes me weirdly sad. Can you imagine entering the trial for
       | a long sought drug against a deadly disease that turn out to be
       | working, and end up in the control group? I know that there's
       | more to it (it's necessary, they knew, it could have not worked,
       | plainly be nocive, etc.) but it's like being unlucky twice in a
       | row and die out of that while having received the real thing
       | would have saved you
        
         | ImaCake wrote:
         | It is sad and unfortunately needed. You will note they stopped
         | this study at the first "interim analysis". One of the really
         | important reasons such interim analyses are done is precisely
         | to stop a trial when it so obviously works. They then switch
         | anyone in the placebo group to the real drug.
         | 
         | It is difficult to overstate just how much thought and argument
         | has gone into clinical trial design in the last half century.
         | It may seem detached and unfeeling, but basically every step is
         | carefully considered compassion, ethics, and a desire for
         | unambiguous causal truth of drug effectiveness.
        
         | thehappypm wrote:
         | Yeah, I would consider that 10 people likely did not die
         | because they enrolled and got lucky.
        
         | jpambrun wrote:
         | Some patient next to them are not even offered to be part of
         | this draw, and winning this draw (i.e. getting the real
         | medicine) may lead to severe adverse effects.
         | 
         | It would be unethical if this placebo was given in place of a
         | known working alternative treatment.
        
           | thomascgalvin wrote:
           | > It would be unethical if this placebo was given in place of
           | a known working alternative treatment.
           | 
           | From what little I know of cancer treatment, that isn't how
           | studies are generally run. When you're part of a trial,
           | you're either given the experimental treatment, or the
           | "standard of care", not a placebo.
           | 
           | So for cancer at least, you're either getting a novel
           | treatment, or standard chemo.
        
             | epylar wrote:
             | in this case there was no standard of care
        
         | jbrnh wrote:
         | This is why the trial was stopped due to efficacy.
        
       | destitude wrote:
       | Is probably just a large dose of vitamin D with other inert
       | ingredients making it patentable. Vitamin D has already had
       | research showing same results but you can't patent Vitamin D
       | alone.
        
         | stnmtn wrote:
         | Why would you say this without doing any research or looking
         | into this at all?
         | 
         | Why just assume this and post it as if your opinion on what it
         | COULD be without even reading a little bit about it has any
         | value?
        
       | m0zg wrote:
       | Rejoice, for pfizermectin is now upon us. Did they at least test
       | the study participants for natural immunity ahead of time?
       | 
       | In related news, Merck's molnupiravir has been approved in the UK
       | as well.
        
       | tzs wrote:
       | > [...] patients who received Paxlovid within five days of
       | symptom onset [...]
       | 
       | I wonder how well it will do on people who are farther along in
       | their COVID infection?
       | 
       | There are a lot of people who don't get vaccinated, don't take
       | precautions to avoid COVID, dismiss their early symptoms either
       | because they believe COVID isn't worse than a typical cold or flu
       | or because they think that is probably what they have, just treat
       | it at home with vitamins and ivermectin if they do anything at
       | all about it, and don't end up going to a doctor or hospital
       | until they are having so much trouble breathing they have to go
       | to the emergency room.
        
         | jaywalk wrote:
         | I wonder if having an effective oral antiviral readily
         | available will result in someone who would have acted in the
         | manner you suggest seeking this treatment instead.
        
         | grey413 wrote:
         | My understanding is that other antivirals are much less
         | effective after the first week or so of infection.
        
         | swader999 wrote:
         | Why not just treat it at home with ivermectin if it works? It
         | did for me for long covid.
        
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       (page generated 2021-11-05 23:00 UTC)