[HN Gopher] Show HN: I built a CNC-machine from scratch, using 4...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Show HN: I built a CNC-machine from scratch, using 40x 3D-printed
       parts
        
       Author : mfi
       Score  : 256 points
       Date   : 2021-11-03 16:33 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | jaxn wrote:
       | Really neat project!
       | 
       | Maybe I missed it, but is there a general cost estimate anywhere?
       | I saw the BoM, and assume most the cost is in the router and
       | stepper motors, but is this like ~$500?
        
         | mfi wrote:
         | Thanks! I think it spent around $1100 in total, but then I paid
         | for fast shipment and ordered quite a lot of parts that I ended
         | up not using. You can probably build it for $600-$1500,
         | depending on where you source the parts, what quality you buy,
         | speed of delivery etc.
        
       | j_walter wrote:
       | Reminds me of the Root CNC project. https://rootcnc.com/
       | 
       | Great work!
        
         | mfi wrote:
         | Haven't seen this one before, thanks for sharing!
        
         | IgorPartola wrote:
         | This looks great. I do love that MP-CNC tells me immediately
         | the approximate cost. Wish more projects did that. I can't tell
         | if a Root 4 would cost me $200 or $2,000 without looking for
         | all the parts individually.
        
           | j_walter wrote:
           | I did look for the parts because I was interested in getting
           | one made...however many of the parts still aren't ready to go
           | (control side), but the hardware cost other than that was
           | fairly reasonable in the $500-800 range depending on how big
           | you were going to go and which motors you chose to use.
        
       | axegon_ wrote:
       | Congratulations! I'm working on one in my spare time but I've
       | decided to cram in as much features as possible(as far as not
       | being able to cram all the features into an arduino or esp32 so
       | ultimately I'm opting for a raspberry pi for connectivity,
       | monitoring, safety and so on). I got it working about a month ago
       | with some tools and hardware I borrowed from my dad but the
       | problem there was... My dad's negligence, meaning all the tools
       | and hardware were half dead. In any case I managed to cut out two
       | pieces I needed for a different project(and see that it works
       | after all). And I also plan on open sourcing it. though most of
       | the code is written in Rust. With the exception of a small
       | webserver for monitoring the process remotely(even visually with
       | a tiny webcam) - no point in wasting so much effort on that and
       | dealing with all the async-await-read-write locks that come along
       | with it. The webserver mostly parses logs and makes system calls
       | to binary files.
        
         | mfi wrote:
         | That sounds like an amazing project! Please open-source it, I
         | would love to read more about it :)
        
       | newintellectual wrote:
       | Not to be too big of a critic, but ...
       | 
       | This, and other projects like it, are NOT "from scratch". It
       | doesn't include little things such as a motor; wires; other
       | electronics; the metal frame.
       | 
       | Until "consumer" 3D fabrication can do more serious fab than
       | random weak structural plastic components, it will remain as a
       | hobby. The industrial machines able to sinter metal into strong
       | parts or using carbon fiber - those have serious practical
       | utility. I'd be much more interested in a low cost, high
       | precision metal sintering 3D printer than a project such as this.
        
       | gtirloni wrote:
       | What's 40x? I feel brain challenged today as I can't understand
       | what that means in this context.
        
         | finder83 wrote:
         | I read it as "40 individual 3D printed parts."
        
         | wipash wrote:
         | They mean 40 separate 3D printed parts:
         | https://github.com/maxvfischer/DIY-CNC-machine/blob/main/BIL...
        
           | mfi wrote:
           | Exactly, I meant 40 unique 3d-printed parts
        
       | phkahler wrote:
       | Do any of these small CNCs support G02 and G03 for circular arcs?
       | 
       | I was recently looking at G-code output from Solvespace and
       | figure we need to update it to produce those codes rather than
       | tiny linear segments. But will the home-built CNCs even support
       | that?
        
         | vvoid wrote:
         | LinuxCNC will (http://linuxcnc.org/docs/2.8/html/gcode/g-code.h
         | tml#gcode:g2...) - but your CAM may not.
         | 
         | Edit: did not realize I was replying to solvespace, bring on
         | the arcs!
        
         | opencl wrote:
         | Most of the small hobbyist machines I've seen (including this
         | one) use Grbl, and Grbl does support G02/G03.
        
         | Robotbeat wrote:
         | I think Marlin supports it.
        
       | MayeulC wrote:
       | This got me wondering: most CNCs and 3D printers use switches for
       | calibration, plus stepper motors for positioning.
       | 
       | Has anyone tried to use cameras or a Valve Lighthouse (0.3mm
       | precision), maybe with accelerometers and encoders, for tracking?
       | That would allow the use of cheaper, faster, torquier, more
       | efficient DC motors, as well as release the accuracy constraints
       | for a lot of parts (depending on which part is being tracked).
       | 
       | The goal would be to trade hardware complexity and price for
       | software complexity, since it's easier to re-purpose software
       | (and something like lighthouse base stations has multiple uses,
       | so the price could be shared between projects).
        
         | vvoid wrote:
         | In a way you are describing state of the art robotic arms, but
         | computer vision in that domain is less about economizing and
         | more about coping with everyday materials and objects that are
         | difficult to characterize.
         | 
         | The OP is coming from the CNC milling world where positional
         | accuracy is more or less solved: you use cheap steppers or
         | servos but expensive, precision-ground ballscrews; then you
         | swear on Machinery's Handbook not to drive your machine too
         | fast.
         | 
         | The real demons in dimensional accuracy come from things like
         | spindle runout, deformation of the tool, and flexing and
         | vibrations of the machine, fixture and workpiece (that are
         | often different going in one direction than another!). Certain
         | operations like drilling can't be corrected in real time. There
         | are additional concerns like minimum amounts of material that
         | can be removed with each pass - too little and you are just
         | burnishing the workpiece.
         | 
         | Machinists actually do solve these problems in software when
         | they generate toolpaths and fixturing.
        
         | LeifCarrotson wrote:
         | Yes and no: No, no one I'm aware of has tried using DC motors
         | and cameras instead of steppers to control a printer.
         | 
         | But yes, industry uses optical technology in large CNCs all the
         | time. Some homing switches are physical clicky switches, some
         | are inductive proximity sensors, but an optical 'horseshoe'
         | througbeam/fiberoptic sensor is the standard for highly
         | repeatable sensor-based homing. Depending on your control
         | system, homing to a hard stop by measuring motor torque can
         | also be highly effective, then you don't even need switches.
         | 
         | I've personally worked on a number of CMMs (coordinate
         | measuring machines, basically a CNC with a probe tip for
         | checking that something was machined within tolerances instead
         | of a spindle for actually cutting it) that use 90V DC motors
         | and Heidehein glass scales for positioning. We calibrate them
         | using laser interferometers; another optical technique - just
         | with a single beam. Those same CMMs are being phased out across
         | the industry in favor of optical measurement systems, just
         | because they're faster.
         | 
         | Shane of the excellent "Stuff Made Here" Youtube channel
         | recently made a big CNC painting robot that did optical
         | tracking for a coarse positioning stage and used steppers for
         | the local stage: https://youtu.be/osUTMnDFV30
        
         | tupshin wrote:
         | I think there's a very big future in adding more (optical and
         | other) feedback mechanisms to CNC machines, but 0.3mm
         | resolution is really only good enough for the crudest of
         | devices.
         | 
         | For comparison, a typical ball screw, has positioning
         | accuracy/resolution of around .02mm
        
           | MayeulC wrote:
           | Right. I'm not suggesting using that directly, or as the only
           | mechanism. Time of flight sensors could be used, for
           | instance: https://hackaday.io/project/47141-sub-mm-accuracy-
           | from-the-v...
        
         | randyrand wrote:
         | look into ODrive.
         | 
         | It uses brushless motors and encoders.
        
           | MayeulC wrote:
           | https://odriverobotics.com/
           | 
           | Quite interesting, thanks for mentioning. They attempt to
           | directly emulate stepper motors with brushless motors and
           | encoders.
        
           | metal_am wrote:
           | This. Rotary and linear encoders exist are are exponentially
           | more accurate. Using cameras just overcomplicates things for
           | worse results.
        
             | MayeulC wrote:
             | > Using cameras just overcomplicates things for worse
             | results.
             | 
             | If you use a crude algorithm, maybe. But given what's
             | possible with photogrammetry, I think you can use that as
             | another sensor fusion input, with a kalman filter or
             | something similar, and get even more precision at the
             | output.
             | 
             | That's way more complicated when it comes to the algorithm,
             | of course. But the idea was being able to plug more sensors
             | and improve precision.
        
       | roland35 wrote:
       | Very cool! I am actually also making a 3d printed pen plotter! I
       | love how easy it is to get common hardware like bearings, plus
       | how nice it is to print parts on demand.
       | 
       | Edit to add the link to the plotter:
       | https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2349232
        
         | mfi wrote:
         | Yeah, the 3d-printer is a game-changer in these type of DIY
         | projects!
        
       | metal_am wrote:
       | For anything CNC, there's no substitution for stiffness. And
       | you're not going to get that with aluminum extrusions. Something
       | like the PrintNC would be 1,000 times more capable due to using
       | steel.
        
         | sleavey wrote:
         | I happened to come across this project yesterday on reddit [1]
         | and have spent the last day dreaming of building one. The
         | quality of the documentation and activity on Discord is a big
         | plus. First I need to build a super strong table for it to go
         | on...
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/engineering/comments/qkn996/almost_...
        
         | KennyBlanken wrote:
         | Preface: from your username I'm guessing you mightknow most of
         | this, so my comment is for the benefit of non-machinist HNers.
         | 
         | It depends. Also, to be more accurate, you need high modulus
         | (vibration dampening) and strength. An extremely strong
         | material that doesn't dampen vibration isn't helpful, for
         | example.
         | 
         | If you need to produce "Live Laugh Love" signs, you need enough
         | stiffness and dampening that you can cut wood or plastic and
         | have it look clean visually / need minimal post-processing
         | before applying a finish, and do so quickly enough that your
         | labor costs aren't high (never ever EVER leave hobbyist-level
         | CNC machines unattended!) If you can do so with something
         | approaching ideal chip load on the tool so you don't wear
         | through them like crazy, even better (also you get more chips
         | than dust, which is better for you, your dust collection
         | system, etc.) Endmills work best when they take a nice bite out
         | of whatever you're cutting; heat from cutting leaves with the
         | chip. Too small a bite and you're just rubbing the workpiece,
         | and the tool cutting edge isn't cutting, but getting polished
         | smooth.
         | 
         | If you need to produce accurate parts, you have to do spring
         | and finish passes anyway (for those who don't know: even very
         | stiff CNC machines still have flex in them. You do a rough cut
         | at ideal chip load for your endmill, then one or more "small
         | bite" follow-up passes where there is far less load on
         | everything and thus the endmill face is closer to where it
         | should be.) Since you're doing those passes to get your
         | dimensions, machine "stiffness" mostly just lets you do it all
         | faster.
         | 
         | When it comes down to it, all you really _need_ in a CNC
         | machine in terms of  "stiffness" is enough to let your endmill
         | spend most of its time working at an ideal chip load without
         | wandering all over the place. If the endmill's positioning
         | changes too much with the machine flexing or vibrating, then
         | one flute of the endmill could end up getting much more of a
         | chunk to bite off than it should, and...snap.
         | 
         | Beyond not destroying your endmills, more stiffness just lets
         | you go faster. And like they say in the car world, speed costs
         | money; how fast do you wanna go?
         | 
         | Stiffness is not the only important factor; dampening is also
         | important. That's why you see some epoxy-gravel composite
         | builds. Lots of mass, very strong (the stone), very high
         | dampening (the epoxy.)
         | 
         | One of the unfortunate things about hobby-level CNCs is that
         | they use palm router motors with extremely high spindle speed,
         | but they're not terribly stiff, and most of them come with
         | software that has rudimentary CAM path generation. The high
         | spindle speed means that you have very little tolerance between
         | the tool flute getting too little of a bite and too much of a
         | bite, which is easy to do when the frame isn't very strong (and
         | at high spindle speeds, vibration dampening starts to get very
         | important, too.)
         | 
         | Hobby-level CNCs benefit enormously from more advanced milling
         | techniques like trochoidal milling, or "adaptive clearing", as
         | Fusion 360 calls it (I think.) Trochoidal milling maintains
         | tool load while optimizing for using as much of the side of the
         | endmill as possible (spreading wear on more of the tool.) The
         | machine appears to "nibble" away, instead of steaming along
         | whatever profile is being cut. A simple profile on a weak frame
         | machine means a very shallow depth of cut to keep forces low,
         | but that means all of your cutting is being done by a very
         | small portion of the endmill.
         | 
         | They also benefit from having as slow a spindle speed as
         | possible. There are speed controllers available to help reduce
         | the speed of a palm router, which also lowers noise and reduces
         | bearing and brush wear.
         | 
         | I'm in kind of a rush so hopefully someone can correct or
         | clarify where needed.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Another reason why you don't want aluminum is due to the
         | expansion as a function of temperature variation, which can be
         | considerable over a longer run. But for this small size you can
         | probably get away with that unless you start to move really
         | fast, or have a head that generates a lot of heat.
        
         | redis_mlc wrote:
         | Just to express the parent more bluntly, this CNC project is
         | junk. I've seen stronger window frames than this.
         | 
         | I wouldn't even expect to cut several pieces of wood with this
         | toy CNC machine.
         | 
         | It's like something you'd cobble together in a WW2 prison camp
         | behind enemy lines.
        
         | justinclift wrote:
         | PrintNC reference info:
         | 
         | The wiki: https://wiki.printnc.info/en/home The Discord (very
         | active): https://discord.gg/RxzPna6 The GitHub repo:
         | https://github.com/threedesigns/printNC
         | 
         | There's also the "PrintNC Store": https://threedesign.store
        
       | ElijahLynn wrote:
       | The pictures on that README are insane! So HELPFUL!
       | 
       | And, I already have that same Makita router so I am more tempted
       | to try this... because of the pictures!
        
         | mfi wrote:
         | Haha yeah, I spent quite a lot of time to document everything.
         | I sometime have trouble following tutorials because they leave
         | out things that are obvious to them, but not to the reader. So
         | I've really tried to include every step in detail, even though
         | they might be "simple" and obvious.
         | 
         | What's stopping you? Go for it! :D
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Most hobby CNC projects have only 3 degrees of freedom, whereas
       | most high-end commercial projects have a few DOFs more.
        
         | sokoloff wrote:
         | 3-axis mills are the most common configuration for commercial
         | mills (probably by a wide margin).
        
         | thedingwing wrote:
         | This is not true. 5 axis mills and 9+ DOF CNC mill/turn centers
         | exist, and they are becoming more common, however 3 axis
         | vertical mills are still the backbone of most machine shops.
        
       | bartwe wrote:
       | I recommend building a cnc, had a lot of fun building a mpcnc
        
       | aidenn0 wrote:
       | Now we need someone to make a 3d-printer out of 40x CNC'd parts
       | and we'll have a never-ending supply of both!
        
       | rytis wrote:
       | Great work!! What router bits are you using for milling wood and
       | aluminium?
        
         | mfi wrote:
         | Thanks! I'm still very new to the CNC-space, so I'm currently
         | exploring different bits. So far I've only bought some low-cost
         | flat end mills from Amazon, but I'll probably work my way up to
         | higher quality when I've used it more.
        
       | Wesxdz wrote:
       | I'd love to have an open source CNC machine to design joinery
       | with http://ma-la.com/tsugite.html Ideally a whole house and most
       | of the furniture...
       | 
       | If anyone has any ideas on how to accelerate build times of open
       | hardware, that's something I'm trying to solve. Creating high
       | quality instructionals is a huge amount of work and I think
       | instructionals should be automatically generated by computer
       | vision and have interactable elements, ideally AR, but even just
       | highlighting wiring diagrams on hovering would be hugely helpful.
       | Even if things are well documented, replication is still insanely
       | pyrrhic without economy of scale or universal fabrication. It's
       | time consuming because it's hard to replicate knowledge/tool
       | environments quickly.
        
         | mfi wrote:
         | I can't help you with ideas of how to accelerate build times of
         | open hardware, but thank you so much for sharing that link.
         | Looks really promising, will probably test it using the CNC-
         | machine someday soon!
        
         | gunshai wrote:
         | I forwarded this to a structural engineer who specializes in
         | timber design. That website you linked is really cool.
        
       | cinntaile wrote:
       | Do you know how accurate it is?
        
         | dogma1138 wrote:
         | That would depend on many things including the material and
         | feed rate.
         | 
         | For plastic/wood you can get pretty decent precession on these
         | machines within 200-300 microns or so since it should be rigid
         | enough to not deflect much with these materials.
         | 
         | For smaller parts any issues of gantry squareness would also
         | not translate to the milled part as much.
         | 
         | You can also cut aluminum as long as you are going slow to
         | avoid deflection but don't expect excellent surface finish and
         | sub 500* micron tolerances.
         | 
         | *High end industrial machines can do tolerances within 10
         | microns when they are operated by an experienced machinist. 100
         | microns off spec not to mention 500 microns would result in
         | parts being binned normally at least for critical tolerances.
        
         | mfi wrote:
         | I milled a test block in wood to check the accuracy, and it was
         | sub-millimeter accurate. I can't measure further than that as
         | my tools doesn't allow it. But I doubt that it's super accurate
         | due to the 3d-printed parts, aluminium instead of steel etc.
        
           | wolfram74 wrote:
           | Being a spherical cow loving physicist, I still get caught
           | off guard by what counts as "precise" in engineering
           | contexts. Even when I'm making stuff in meat space I don't
           | think I've ever bothered to intentionally get better than 1%
           | relative precision.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | For a framer, 1/8" is precise enough. For a finish
             | carpenter, 1/32" is precise enough. For a 3D printer,
             | 0.004" is precise enough. For a machinist, 0.0005" is
             | precise enough.
        
               | curtain wrote:
               | 0.004" is read as "four thou", and 0.0005" as "five
               | tenths", as in five tenths of a thou, FWIW.
               | 
               | I only picked up imperial thanks to binging This Old Tony
               | videos.
        
               | mNovak wrote:
               | Unless it's PCB, in which case its "4 mil", as in
               | milliinches, among the great bastardized units
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | If you enjoy https://www.youtube.com/c/ThisOldTony, you
               | might also enjoy https://www.youtube.com/c/Clough42
               | https://www.youtube.com/c/Blondihacks and
               | https://www.youtube.com/user/JohnGrimsmo
        
             | ggcdn wrote:
             | Being a structural engineer, I usually think the same way.
             | But then I started tinkering with 3D printers, built a
             | MPCNC, and have since busted my share of endmills due to
             | accuracy and repeatability issues. Being off by a fraction
             | of a mm is enough to bust your tool or mess up the
             | workpiece.
        
             | whatshisface wrote:
             | It really depends on what you are doing and what 1% means.
             | For example, a tiny ridge on a sliding surface will result
             | in a noticeable catching of the slider down to even
             | visually imperceptible heights.
        
       | 542458 wrote:
       | Nice! I built an older model MPCNC years ago, and was able to get
       | pretty great results with it relative to the tiny cost and huge
       | flex in the frame. I managed to cut some brass Christmas
       | ornaments that I'm pretty proud of.
       | 
       | I like that you're using racks here - the belts on the MPCNC were
       | a major weak point in my experience. I wonder if you could get
       | away with 3D printed racks and pinions. There's a lot of
       | structural plastic in there already, would the hit from accuracy
       | from using lesser racks make a difference?
        
         | metal_am wrote:
         | You can buy ball screws somewhat cheaply direct from China.
         | That'd be the way to go.
        
         | bmsleight_ wrote:
         | Love to see the brass Christmas ornaments have you a photo ?
        
       | mfi wrote:
       | I just finished my latest project, building a CNC-machine from
       | scratch using an Arduino Uno, GRBL and 40x 3d-printed parts. It's
       | able to mill wood and aluminium, up to ~20mm thick.
       | 
       | As with all my other projects, I think they should be executed in
       | the open where other people can learn from my mistakes and get
       | inspired to build their own things! Therefore I've spend a lot of
       | time writing a free complete tutorial of the build, documenting
       | every step with text and detailed images, creating a complete
       | bill of materials (including STL-files for the 3d-printed parts)
       | etc. I don't want any dependencies on DIY-websites, so I've
       | hosted it on GitHub, where anyone can clone it locally.
       | 
       | I built this machine to gain more knowledge about mechanical
       | engineering, electrical wiring, stepper motors, GRBL, CAD, CAM
       | etc. Also, I guess I can build new fun things with the machine?
       | Overly-engineered birdhouses maybe?
       | 
       | Setup:
       | 
       | * It's running on an Arduino Uno, CNC-shield and GRBL.
       | 
       | * 40 parts are 3d-printed (all the red parts in the video)
       | 
       | * It's based on Ivan Miranda's blueprints, but I've adjusted some
       | parts and structured the bill of materials.
       | 
       | * It uses 2x 19:1 geared NEMA17 stepper motors for the Y-axis and
       | 1x for the X-axis. The Z-axis is using a standard NEMA17 motor.
       | 
       | * HTD5M belts and pulleys are used for X-axis and Y-axis. GT2
       | belt and pulleys are used for the Z-axis.
       | 
       | If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. You'll find
       | my email in the top of the guide :)
        
         | dekhn wrote:
         | I understand you put thought and time into your approach and it
         | was a hobby to learn more abotu the process (and thus you know
         | about MPCNC but decided to make your own). I've also build
         | similar systems and I've learned some timesaving tricks that
         | have paid off in terms of hobbyist enjoyment.
         | 
         | I really like buying the majority of the parts from a place
         | like OPenBuildsPartStore, rahter than assembling frames from
         | channel manually. Time/cost/quality tradeoff is hard to beat
         | here.
         | 
         | I strongly recommend switching to Grbl_Esp32
         | https://github.com/bdring/Grbl_Esp32 with external controllers
         | (this board https://www.tindie.com/products/33366583/6-pack-
         | universal-cn... with these plugins
         | https://www.tindie.com/products/33366583/external-stepper-mo...
         | and these controllers
         | https://www.amazon.com/STEPPERONLINE-1-0-4-2A-20-50VDC-
         | Micro...). That's what I ended up with because tuning current
         | using the little pots is dumb, and you want a TON of current
         | going to those huge motors. ESP32 + Grbl has a bunch of nice
         | features that aren't in plain old Uno GRBL.
         | 
         | My system has high torque NEMA23 with no gears (same motor for
         | all 3 axes), I can't see any situations where adding more
         | torque to the X or Y axes using a smaller gearer stepper makes
         | sense.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | "I can't see any situations where adding more torque to the X
           | or Y axes using a smaller gearer stepper makes sense."
           | 
           | Generally agree. Torque is only needed to a specific
           | threshold. If it requires a lot of torque, then that's
           | probably a good sign to slow the movement down (for the sake
           | of the machine's longevity).
        
         | aquaphile wrote:
         | Nice work! You made a lot of great design choices.
         | 
         | +1 to those that recommend upgrading your extrusions and motor
         | mount on future iterations. The rigidity is well worth it.
         | 
         | If you are ever deciding between belts and ballscrews, I
         | recommend ballscrews. It is worth the extra $$.
         | 
         | For the milling of aluminum, I suggest adding a compressed air
         | nozzle. It will make a huge difference in milling AL. Also,
         | some of the new bits are fantastic at hogging out aluminum. For
         | reference see pic at
         | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1BWvOOwmaQljwhdBzYNvilYDKdsy...
         | 
         | We built our own 5-axis CNC too, to do large envelope parts
         | trimming. It looks like Frankenstein, but works pretty well.
         | See a pic at https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bydp4fsq-
         | EhtUndOTlZTcU1fTEU.... We use it to trim the chassis parts for
         | our baby car seats at https://kioma.us
         | 
         | Keep on building!
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | You mention aluminium. Any plans to add a lubricant sprayer?
        
         | 2muchcoffeeman wrote:
         | > _I can build new fun things with the machine? Overly-
         | engineered birdhouses maybe?_
         | 
         | I don't have space for a workshop. I live in an apartment. So
         | I'm pretty limited in the sorts of materials and tools I can
         | use. 20mm of wood is probably quite useful. My table top and
         | shelves aren't 20mm thick. If this can go through MDF I'd say
         | it's really useful.
        
         | eduardosalaz wrote:
         | The CNC Shield is a blessing, shame the Gerber files aren't
         | being published for newer versions.
        
           | mfi wrote:
           | 100%, it helps so much with the wiring.
        
         | zwieback wrote:
         | Awesome. Can it mill aluminum? If so, would you consider
         | replacing some of the 3D printed parts with machined parts?
        
           | mfi wrote:
           | Yeah it can! Ivan Miranda, the guy who has created the
           | blueprints actually updated his machine with aluminium parts,
           | milled on the CNC-machine. That might be something I'll do in
           | the future!
        
             | jhgb wrote:
             | Von Neumann probe when?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Right after you figure out how to 3D print solid rocket
               | fuel without things going 'bang' prematurely.
        
         | billconan wrote:
         | very cool! thanks for sharing. I don't have the equipments to
         | drill holes on aluminum parts, I will probably need to use
         | https://8020.net/ to build one.
        
           | arnado wrote:
           | You might also want to look at the mostly printed CNC, which
           | uses standard conduit/pipe for the frame.
           | 
           | https://docs.v1engineering.com/mpcnc/intro/
        
             | AdamTReineke wrote:
             | Be warned these plans require you to drill a couple holes
             | in the conduit. I managed with just a handheld drill though
             | the holes weren't quite aligned. Definitely use a file or
             | hacksaw to create a flat spot on the conduit where you want
             | the hole so the drill bit doesn't wander as easily.
        
               | johndough wrote:
               | Since the mostly printed CNC already requires a 3d
               | printer, you might as well print a jig to help drill
               | those holes.
               | https://play.fallows.ca/wp/tools/3d-printer/mpcnc-
               | drilling-j...
        
               | Tossrock wrote:
               | My favored approach to offset drilling / drilling on
               | curved surfaces is to use an endmill. Doesn't wander,
               | goes straight in. Of course, you need an endmill for that
               | approach, but id you're building a CNC those should be in
               | ready supply.
        
               | Nick87633 wrote:
               | Or a center punch (helps on flat metal too).
               | 
               | One favorite trick of mine is to print out 1:1 drill
               | pattern drawings and center-punch through the paper onto
               | my metal workpiece for all the drill locations. Fast and
               | accurate.
        
           | mfi wrote:
           | Aluminium is quite soft, so it might work if you have access
           | to a screwdriver and a step drill
        
             | haliskerbas wrote:
             | I'm not an expert here but I've heard 8020 is expensive
             | enough such that purchasing a drill press would probably be
             | cheaper, if feasible, correct?
        
               | genewitch wrote:
               | There is also handheld drill press rigs that may be
               | useful.
        
           | IgorPartola wrote:
           | I picked up a used drill press for $45 or $50 (I don't
           | remember now), and a tap and die set from Amazon for about
           | $20. 10/10 would recommend if you have the space.
        
           | convolvatron wrote:
           | I use a cordless hand drill to drill and tap aluminum all the
           | time (as does this project). adjust the speed until you are
           | pulling out long ribbons instead of dust. you can use a
           | little oil, but its not necessary. the only issue is trying
           | to stay perpendicular to the work, but usually a little
           | deflection doesn't matter. also pay attention to 'wowing',
           | where instead of drilling your perfect round hole the drill
           | bit starts to bounce around a triangle or pentagon and you
           | end up making too big a hole. its often best to start with a
           | pilot drill and then a final pass to clean it up. also its
           | often easier to use a centering drill to setup the holes. it
           | provides a pocket for the drill to rest in so that it doesn't
           | wander, and you can use the centering drill to fine-tune the
           | hole pattern before you make it permanent.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | To easily stay perpendicular to the work, use a tap guide
             | block. You can 3D print one or drill one out of stock on a
             | reasonably square drill press.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | What a fantastic project. Is the design parametric, in other
         | words, are there parts that would need to be scaled up to have
         | larger x, y or z axis or are those all off the shelf and are
         | the various STL files for the components the same if the design
         | is scaled up?
        
           | mfi wrote:
           | Glad you like it, most cred should go to Ivan Miranda for the
           | core design, I just executed, updated some parts and wrote a
           | guide around it :)
           | 
           | No, it's not parametric in that way. But it is possible to
           | extend the "mill-bed" by:
           | 
           | * X-axis: Increase length of frame and bridge profiles. Buy
           | longer MGN12H rails used for the X-axis.
           | 
           | * Y-axis: Increase length of frame profiles. Buy longer
           | MGN12H rails used for the X-axis.
           | 
           | * Z-axis: Increase the vertical beams between lower and upper
           | frame. Buying longer MGN12H rails used for the Z-axis and a
           | longer acme rod.
        
         | roland35 wrote:
         | what material did you use for 3d printing? I would think PETG
         | or ABS is probably best?
        
           | mfi wrote:
           | I actually used normal PLA
        
             | naasking wrote:
             | PLA is actually the stiffest of those materials, just keep
             | it cool enough that it doesn't warp! I expect that would
             | only be a problem around the spindle which can get quite
             | hot, and maybe stepper motor mounts.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-11-03 23:00 UTC)