[HN Gopher] Bridge spiders build webs that double as acoustic ar...
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       Bridge spiders build webs that double as acoustic arrays
        
       Author : pseudolus
       Score  : 83 points
       Date   : 2021-11-01 10:53 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.the-scientist.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.the-scientist.com)
        
       | sandbx wrote:
       | the web allows the spider to be small, like the hot servers and
       | powerplants allow your phone to be a cool glass object
        
       | SeanFerree wrote:
       | Amazing!
        
       | scubakid wrote:
       | Maybe I missed it, but from the spider's perspective do we / can
       | we know if sensing the web vibrations actually feels the same as
       | hearing shorter-range sounds they could pick up naturally? Or is
       | it possible they're just reacting to the web vibrations as more
       | of a touch stimulus?
        
         | BurningFrog wrote:
         | Since the web is much bigger than whatever serves as spider
         | ears, it should pick up much lower frequencies, if my physics
         | intuition is working this morning.
        
       | samplenoise wrote:
       | Tom Waits had a nice thing about a spider strumming its web in
       | one of his live shows
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VOC6pOaIUSE
        
       | bestouff wrote:
       | Not really the same but I've been doing paragliding since a long
       | time, and my wing is definitely a giant sensor for 'air movements
       | shape'. Kind of a part of me when in the sky.
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | How can that work without a giant Eustachian tube?
        
       | CapmCrackaWaka wrote:
       | Reminds me of the sci-fi book Children of Time. It follows the
       | cultural evolution of a species of intelligent spiders. When
       | they're angry, they vibrate and shake the web a certain way. In
       | larger meetings, the spiders all share a single web, and private
       | "whispers" are subtle plucking of private strands between two
       | members.
        
         | KineticLensman wrote:
         | If one enjoys reading SF that involves intelligent spiders,
         | then A Deepness in the Sky [0] is worth a look. Although the
         | arachnoids in 'Deepness' are spider-like aliens, rather than
         | evolved Earth-spiders, as in Children of Time. The latter also
         | has evolved ants, as well. Both books are highly recommended.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Deepness_in_the_Sky
        
       | Kiboneu wrote:
       | Crawling insects (let's call them 2D navigation specialists) on
       | land are prey to flying insects (3D navigation specialists). But
       | these 3D specialist predators require more energy to navigate and
       | maintain flying ability.
       | 
       | Spiders invert this relationship -- they are 2D specialists that
       | slice a 3D space with a trap, capturing 3D specialists without
       | expending energy to navigate their prey's space.
       | 
       | Not quite a free lunch -- it takes some prep work in the lifetime
       | of a spider to survive. Losing your web makes you suspect to
       | getting wrecked by robber flies until you build a new one.
       | 
       | On a more science fiction note, I've wondered about generalizing
       | this 2D/3D existence relationship into humans interacting with a
       | hyper-dimensional entity. Will we also have to evolve to build
       | traps against the perception weaknesses of our 4-dimensional
       | invaders?
       | 
       | Anyway, I've thought about the level of fidelity of information a
       | spider could get from vibrations on a web. It's probably a
       | function of nervous system ability and sensitivity for the spider
       | to discern frequencies of forces impacted unto it by the web, as
       | well as the frequencies filtered by the web itself. Looking
       | forward to reading the paper.
        
         | recuter wrote:
         | _We_ are the 4-dimensional invaders of this planet. :)
        
         | fleddr wrote:
         | "Spiders invert this relationship -- they are 2D specialists
         | that slice a 3D space with a trap, capturing 3D specialists
         | without expending energy to navigate their prey's space."
         | 
         | I think that's a great way to put it, although "spiders" really
         | should say "orb weaving spiders".
         | 
         | Jumping spiders don't build a web, they are active hunters in
         | the 3D space with the ability to plan several steps ahead.
         | Although they can't fly, they definitely hunt in 3D and don't
         | really conserve energy.
         | 
         | Huntsman spiders are also active hunters, but mostly in 2D and
         | waiting from an ambush position. They don't build a web.
         | Neither do crab spiders, but I'd agree that these two families
         | of spiders are trap-based and largely passive, even if the trap
         | is not a web.
         | 
         | Labyrinth spiders (funnel web spiders) are a fun anomaly due to
         | the complexity of their trap, which is 3D, but arguably it's a
         | still a passive way to hunt.
         | 
         | My favorite would be the net-casting spider, which builds a
         | tiny web that it holds, and then casts on its prey. The timing
         | and coordination of that is mind blowing:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QyRPrax9MJU&t=19s
        
         | Gravityloss wrote:
         | What a cool thought!
         | 
         | What if it takes so much energy to move in the fourth dimension
         | that the entities have to be vulnerable? They might be even
         | easy to catch, or destroy by accident.
        
         | dTal wrote:
         | Not all spiders are 2d specialists who hunt with webs. Jumping
         | spiders display extraordinary spatial reasoning in conjunction
         | with excellent vision, which they use to stalk prey. Jumping
         | spiders have been known to sit motionless for up to half an
         | hour, scanning the landscape to plan the best route to
         | something they can see (the FOV of their hi-res front-facing
         | eyes is quite narrow, so this scanning is necessary to gather
         | the required information).
        
           | egfx wrote:
           | https://arstechnica.com/science/2021/10/spiders-are-much-
           | sma...
        
       | linguistbreaker wrote:
       | let's amplify that signal and use it for music?
        
       | mhb wrote:
       | Is the spider's reaction to "hearing" a sound different than its
       | reaction when an insect lands on the web? You'd expect it to
       | react when the web vibrates.
        
         | TeMPOraL wrote:
         | > _You 'd expect it to react when the web vibrates._
         | 
         | I imagine if I were to set up a parabolic reflector, my
         | reaction to sounds I hear would be different from my reaction
         | of something hitting the reflector itself.
        
           | mhb wrote:
           | Is your reaction to crouch, flatten out, or otherwise give a
           | startled response?
        
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