[HN Gopher] Repeat Yourself, a Lot
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       Repeat Yourself, a Lot
        
       Author : kiyanwang
       Score  : 129 points
       Date   : 2021-10-31 17:43 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (tomtunguz.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (tomtunguz.com)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | ncmncm wrote:
       | Repetition is needed more for cementing falsehoods than truths.
       | Thus, we encounter falsehoods repeated overwhelmingly more often
       | than truths. Falsehoods get more backing, so win remarkably
       | often.
       | 
       | Corollary is that much of what you have been told, and have come
       | to believe implicitly, is false. It is your inborn responsibility
       | as a human to discover which are falsehoods, and root out
       | behaviors based on them. The project has barely begun.
        
       | mro_name wrote:
       | humans are herd-creatures after all. They take repetition for
       | relevance.
        
       | 1121redblackgo wrote:
       | Repeat Yourself, a Lot
        
       | Noumenon72 wrote:
       | Even low-level management is a lot better at repeating themselves
       | than I am. They make sure everybody knows something changes even
       | if they have to go explain it ten times. They say it in every
       | meeting so that when developers are designing things, we say
       | "$MANAGER is going to want us to do X". I tend to just write my
       | canonical version of something and say it once, expecting people
       | to take notes to remember like I would do.
        
       | redisman wrote:
       | I ignore any ideas management has if they only mention it once.
       | Twice or more and I might start considering that they're serious
        
         | JazzXP wrote:
         | At a previous job I did this too. Ignore for a week, if it
         | comes up again, then somebody actually cares about it and it's
         | not an off the cuff comment.
         | 
         | Current job, no so much, it's really dependent on the culture
         | of the workplace.
        
       | Ozzie_osman wrote:
       | I've worked with a lot of execs or managers who seem surprised
       | that after they say something, one time, in a meeting, it didn't
       | register with the team.
       | 
       | People some time don't pay attention. Or they do, but they
       | forget. They have habits in their actions and way of thinking.
       | 
       | So I agree. You have to repeat yourself.
        
         | 08-15 wrote:
         | It might be because managers talk all the time while saying
         | nothing. So nobody really listens anymore. It was certainly
         | true in most meetings I experienced.
        
       | gjkood wrote:
       | "Tell 'Em What You're Going To Tell 'Em; Next, Tell 'Em; Next,
       | Tell 'Em What You Told 'Em" - attributed to lots of people all
       | the way back to Aristotle. [1]
       | 
       | I know this is not the same thing as the linked article but I
       | just love this fundamental guidance to public speaking.
       | 
       | 1. https://quoteinvestigator.com/2017/08/15/tell-em/
        
         | tailspin2019 wrote:
         | Maybe off topic, but I take a lot of online courses
         | (Pluralsight being the majority) and I find that this standard
         | approach of "intro", "content", "summary" doesn't add much for
         | me.
         | 
         | It might just be a personal thing but it's never felt useful
         | and just serves to lower the signal to noise ratio. I always
         | skip the intro and summary sections. I find the same with blog
         | posts that religiously follow this structure.
         | 
         | Just tell me the _actual_ information!
         | 
         | It could be a very subjective thing. I have a short attention
         | span and will generally crank up the speed of these video
         | courses too. I just want to quickly and efficiently extract the
         | raw value without the fluff.
         | 
         | I don't find it helps comprehension and retention. (For me, the
         | only thing that does is immediately putting into practice what
         | you learn).
        
           | throwawaygh wrote:
           | The "intro / content / summary" structure is primarily useful
           | in situations where:
           | 
           | 1. The content is extensive, or
           | 
           | 2. The information is being presented in real time without
           | the opportunity for review.
           | 
           | Courses often use this structure because the _primary_
           | audience are the students in the classroom, which fits
           | criterion 2.
           | 
           | Written content roughly the length of a book chapter often
           | follows this structure because they fit criterion 1. There's
           | enough content that the intro and summary contribute non-
           | trivial insights.
           | 
           | Short blog posts on trivial ideas use this format because of
           | either SEO or cargo culting, I assume.
        
             | tailspin2019 wrote:
             | Yes, very good insights.
             | 
             | Online learning content seems to unnecessarily and blindly
             | follow this structure even when a lot of the time neither 1
             | or 2 apply. Perhaps because face-to-face courses would
             | traditionally do the same.
             | 
             | The ability to rewind, slow down, rewatch etc. for online
             | content removes a lot of the need for extensive intros and
             | summaries. But there are certain scenarios where it's still
             | a valid structure.
        
       | decebalus1 wrote:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illusory_truth_effect
       | 
       | classic
        
         | shoto_io wrote:
         | Could you elaborate why that's relevant?
        
           | eska wrote:
           | I suppose due to paragraphs like this:
           | 
           | > When selling a company, a product, or an idea to customers,
           | employees, investors, candidates, repeating a consistent
           | message several times embosses the message upon the
           | individual's memory. It establishes clarity: Redpoint is a
           | leading venture capital firm.
        
           | decebalus1 wrote:
           | From the wikipedia article:
           | 
           | > In a 2015 study, researchers discovered that familiarity
           | can overpower rationality and that repetitively hearing that
           | a certain fact is wrong can affect the hearer's beliefs.[4]
           | Researchers attributed the illusory truth effect's impact on
           | participants who knew the correct answer to begin with, but
           | were persuaded to believe otherwise through the repetition of
           | a falsehood, to "processing fluency".
           | 
           | > The illusory truth effect plays a significant role in such
           | fields as election campaigns, advertising, news media, and
           | political propaganda.
           | 
           | From the article:
           | 
           | > When selling a company, a product, or an idea to customers,
           | employees, investors, candidates, repeating a consistent
           | message several times embosses the message upon the
           | individual's memory. It establishes clarity: Redpoint is a
           | leading venture capital firm.
           | 
           | It's not that hard, seriously. This is a staple of propaganda
           | repackaged into low quality blogspam.
           | 
           | Let's take `Redpoint is a leading venture capital firm.`.
           | What does that even mean? Leading what? In what? It's a
           | pointless meaningless phrase. But if you hear it often enough
           | it becomes 'truth' in whatever the context you're in at that
           | point.
           | 
           | Basically one of the major ways in which we manufacture,
           | package and sell bullshit.
        
             | shoto_io wrote:
             | Thanks for elaborating.
             | 
             | I agree with your overall premise. Then again it seems like
             | that this is one way people can become successful. There is
             | value in knowing.
             | 
             | PS: What if the method is applied to something, which has
             | some real substance? And not on something pointless like
             | the phrase you cited.
        
               | decebalus1 wrote:
               | > PS: What if the method is applied to something, which
               | has some real substance? And not on something pointless
               | like the phrase you cited.
               | 
               | The word 'propaganda' has a negative connotation. But
               | there is 'good' propaganda, or propaganda which is done
               | for a good or valuable cause. A recent example would be
               | pro-vaccine propaganda.
        
       | kqr wrote:
       | This was one of the major practical lessons I got out of
       | _Thinking, Fast and Slow_. Before reading that book I would try
       | to get people to change by powerful logcal argument. I would get
       | frustrated when people didn 't immediately realise the potential
       | I was explaining.
       | 
       | Having read that book, I've realised people need to hear
       | something many times before their system 1 will even consider
       | thinking of it as true. So these days, I have much more patience
       | and I deliberately employ repetition strategies -- sometimes with
       | powerful logical arguments, but sometimes without, too. It's
       | about as effective either way, in my experience.
       | 
       | Saying "we need to also consider a solution that doesn't use
       | Oracle" in different contexts and with different reasons attached
       | over a few weeks time somehow mysteriously gets people to think
       | that maybe we should at least _consider_ a solution that doesn 't
       | use Oracle.
        
         | fragmede wrote:
         | _Mysteriously_? People talk to each other and it gets around
         | that hey, we 'd better not use Oracle, kqr really hates them.
         | Depending on your status in an org, that's enough to move
         | mountains, or get you ejected (professionally and quietly).
         | Oracle's an easy one to hate because programmers have issues
         | about money, but other opinions require more _depth_ before
         | things can actually change. Eg hey let 's switch programming
         | languages!
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | thatsamonad wrote:
       | A somewhat related approach that I've found incredibly useful in
       | my career is repeating what -others- have told you back to them,
       | a lot.
       | 
       | It's honestly amazing to me how much mileage I've gotten out of
       | simply saying, "I heard you say X about Y. Does that sound right
       | to you?" a couple of times during discussions just to make sure
       | that everyone is clear that we're all discussing the same thing.
       | 
       | It seems like "common sense" to clarify your understanding of
       | someone else's communication but I haven't run into very many
       | people who actually take the time to do it.
        
         | yurlungur wrote:
         | Also it's not that rare that the other party forgets what their
         | original stance on something is and in turn argue against you
         | on that issue. Reminding them that hey this was your idea too
         | can help you resolve that debate if it's unnecessary.
        
           | whatshisface wrote:
           | How could you possibly distinguish that from your own
           | misunderstanding of their position?
        
             | rahimnathwani wrote:
             | By repeating it early (soon after being said) and often.
        
         | afarrell wrote:
         | This is a part of a type of inquiry called Clean Language
         | Questions and it is indeed useful.
        
         | SilasX wrote:
         | Similarly, if you missed a part of what someone said, repeat
         | back everything you did hear as part of the question. It
         | confirms you were listening and avoids an excessively long or
         | rephrased answered.
         | 
         | For example, "We reviewed <garbled> and found the events hadn't
         | been logged." -> "You reviewed what and found the events hadn't
         | been logged?"
        
         | SamPatt wrote:
         | 100% agree.
         | 
         | This is not only useful for improving communication but for
         | making other parties satisfied they are being heard.
         | 
         | I do this too and it gives people an opportunity to clarify
         | their views, which everyone appreciates, and often leads to
         | them explaining broader motivations which helps develop trust.
        
         | __turbobrew__ wrote:
         | Repeating what others said back to them is called "mirroring"
         | and is an effective technique for not only confirming your
         | understanding but also showing others that you are actively
         | listening.
         | 
         | I recommend reading " Never Split the Difference: Negotiating
         | As If Your Life Depended On It" by Chris Voss if you are
         | interested in conversation tactics.
        
           | bartvk wrote:
           | I found that book by Chris Voss only interesting because of
           | his stories as a hostage negotiator. But I wasn't able to put
           | any of his advice into practice, not anything whatsoever. Am
           | I overlooking something?
        
             | bulbosaur123 wrote:
             | "Am I overlooking something?" Oh, how clever. Using the
             | "no" oriented questions already. I see what you are doing.
        
               | ignoramous wrote:
               | Things just got _meta_.
        
               | contingencies wrote:
               | _All possible successor states of any state._ - Leslie
               | Lamport, via https://github.com/globalcitizen/taoup
        
           | splitstud wrote:
           | In the context of a project, it also gives the 'mirrored' a
           | chance to reconsider.
        
           | kqr wrote:
           | Mirroring is different from what your parent comment talks
           | about. Mirroring is simply about repeating, verbatim, the
           | last part of what someone said. So as a response to your
           | comment it might be something like "Conversation tactics."
           | 
           | Your parent comment seems to be talking more about
           | summarising someone else's point in your own words, which is
           | a deeper reflection on what someone means, and an even
           | stronger signal that you're actively listening. (That summary
           | is what gets you a "that's right" in the terminology of Voss.
           | Mirroring is used to get your counterparty to expand on what
           | they're saying, not just go "that's right.")
        
           | scns wrote:
           | Robert Bolton dedicates three chapters to this technique in
           | People Skills (1979), highly recommended.
        
       | mattzito wrote:
       | As someone who believes in this approach, this article doesn't
       | give the right advice or level of detail about how you do this
       | right as part of a management team. You can't just repeat "year
       | of the hound" over and over again and expect the team to rally
       | around it. You have to build a narrative, a story, get everyone
       | to understand it, and then continue to bring people's work back
       | to align against that.
       | 
       | So you start by identifying a problem or goal (or a few), and
       | write it down, and walk everyone through why that's important.
       | Then you talk to everyone about what they're working on - does
       | that work ladder up to that problem or goal? How? Then on a
       | regular basis, you talk about how the team is progressing against
       | those problems/goals. Send out emails celebrating wins and
       | specifically explain why they are important to those goals. Then
       | if you hit a goal, you have a party, and you genuinely thank
       | everyone involved in hitting that goal, and recognize them (even
       | if it's everyone).
       | 
       | And by the same token, if people want to get distracted, you
       | bring it back to those core goals - "hey, it sounds great that
       | we've got this cool opportunity to expand into eastern europe if
       | we internationalize the product, but how does that get us closer
       | to our goal of getting 50% of our current enterprise customers
       | fully rolled out with all critical feature requests addressed?"
       | 
       | You have to be able to tell a story, build a narrative, take
       | criticism and debate, organically bring people's work back to the
       | story, and so on. It's not EASY, but it's incredibly powerful
       | when done well (and I am not saying I am great at this, I've seen
       | people who do it beautifully, but I do it better than many people
       | I have worked for).
        
       | harshreality wrote:
       | Many teachers (of various things, not just academics) say the
       | same thing.
       | 
       | It makes a lot of sense. Almost everyone here will know about
       | spaced repetition and SuperMemo, but even improperly spaced
       | repetition (rapid repetition during a speech or lesson) is almost
       | certainly better than no repetition.
       | 
       | Are there any studies that badly spaced repetition can be neutral
       | or negatively affect recall?
        
         | kqr wrote:
         | No. More repetition is always better. Proper spacing comes in
         | only when you want to maximise retention with a fixed amount of
         | repetition. (Source: Hoffman, Ward, Feltovich, et al. 2013.
         | Recommended read if you're into that sort of stuff!)
        
           | acidbaseextract wrote:
           | > Hoffman, Ward, Feltovich, et al. 2013
           | 
           | For those who wondered: _Accelerated Expertise: Training for
           | High Proficiency in a Complex World_
           | 
           | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/17399473-accelerated-
           | exp...
        
           | dgarrett wrote:
           | > (Source: Hoffman, Ward, Feltovich, et al. 2013. Recommended
           | read if you're into that sort of stuff!)
           | 
           | I'm very curious. How did you come across this book? It seems
           | very niche.
        
       | 123pie123 wrote:
       | I get what supposed to be happening
       | 
       | but, please don't keep repeating yourself in meetings it's
       | annoying
        
         | drewcoo wrote:
         | If it's annoying, it's working.
         | 
         | To make it less annoying, signal that you have the message by
         | voicing the same memes. Once it's obvious that enough people
         | get it, those people can start repeating something else
         | instead.
        
           | 123pie123 wrote:
           | i understand that, but once certain pepele are talking there
           | is no way they're being interrupted
           | 
           | also, some people just keeping repeating stuff in slightly
           | different ways
           | 
           | I suspect sometimes this is not planned but they're thinking
           | out loud
        
       | alexashka wrote:
       | You know what's better than fortune cookie advice? Providing the
       | context for when that advice is applicable.
       | 
       | These types of blogs (and fortune cookie thinkers in general)
       | routinely do 'you have to have laser focus', followed by 'don't
       | put all of your eggs in one basket' without any hint of irony or
       | self awareness.
        
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