[HN Gopher] Fundamentals of Piano Practice
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Fundamentals of Piano Practice
        
       Author : delib
       Score  : 330 points
       Date   : 2021-10-30 22:22 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (fundamentals-of-piano-practice.readthedocs.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (fundamentals-of-piano-practice.readthedocs.io)
        
       | andrepd wrote:
       | Starting a book by singing one's praise is already dubious. Then
       | you come across this
       | 
       | >(...) Mental Play (...) It is almost unbelievable that such an
       | essential skill has been mostly neglected by piano teachers.
       | 
       | which is a top "crank red flag".
        
         | packjaddison wrote:
         | Astoundingly, I have never heard another source advise doing
         | this, and this includes professors at Juilliard. I don't work
         | on all my pieces using pure Mental Play as frequently as I
         | should, but trying to 'play on phantom limbs' without being at
         | the instrument is like trying to remember the exact details of
         | a painting you have looked at. Though there are many parts of
         | the book that are a bit more... cranked.
        
         | DixieDev wrote:
         | In the context of practising a piece initially much slower than
         | it's intended to be played:
         | 
         | > The probability of playing incorrectly is nearly 100%,
         | because there is almost an infinity of ways to play incorrectly
         | but only one best way.
         | 
         | I'm sure this book has some useful information within, but my 5
         | minutes spent checking out different parts have so far left a
         | very poor impression. Combined with its verbosity, it's hard to
         | justify giving it serious attention...
        
         | arxanas wrote:
         | The book uses a lot of hyperbolic wording, but the techniques
         | in the book are generally sound. Mental practice in particular
         | is an established pattern for top performers across sportive
         | disciplines.
        
       | AlbertCory wrote:
       | A good book. Although this statement:
       | 
       |  _While writing it, I discovered that piano pedagogy had never
       | been researched, documented, and analyzed properly_
       | 
       | is totally wrong. There's a Piano Pedagogy group just in the Bay
       | Area, and lots of books on it.
       | 
       | I was an Adult Beginner, which is _sorta_ a Thing. My teacher had
       | about 12 adult students, and we had separate recitals from the
       | kids. The hidden reason for this is, you don 't want to hear some
       | 9-year-old kid who plays better than you ever will.
       | 
       | Almost all of the other adults had played as a child and given it
       | up. Many teachers won't take adults like me because they have
       | unrealistic ideas about how good they're going to be. The truth
       | is, you are not going to be very good, and lots of people who are
       | orders of magnitude better than you can't make any real money
       | playing piano, because that level of skill is so common.
       | 
       | The interesting thing about how our brains work is: I could
       | memorize effortlessly, but I couldn't sight read worth shit.
       | There are other people who are the exact opposite.
       | 
       | Lastly, one thing they said really resonated with me:
       | 
       |  _The first thing that must be done is to eliminate the habits of
       | stopping and backtracking (stuttering), at every mistake. The
       | best time to develop the skill of not stopping at every mistake
       | is when you begin your first piano lessons._
       | 
       | OMG, in the recitals there was one lady who just _had_ to play
       | every note correctly, no matter how many times she had to try.
       | She stopped at every mistake and  "corrected" it, until you
       | wanted to scream at her.
        
         | AlbertCory wrote:
         | I should clarify one thing about "making money":
         | 
         | You would _think_ you could play at rehearsals for a community
         | theater group. Those are really low budget organizations and a
         | lot of the staff doesn 't even get paid. The rehearsal pianist
         | got paid $50 for the entire show.
         | 
         | Even that guy is way better than most of us will ever be.
        
         | scottious wrote:
         | > OMG, in the recitals there was one lady who just had to play
         | every note correctly, no matter how many times she had to try.
         | She stopped at every mistake and "corrected" it, until you
         | wanted to scream at her.
         | 
         | oh man, that is frustrating! Somebody once said that a good
         | musician will make their mistakes sound musical. Thinking that
         | you must stop to correct a mistake is a fundamental
         | misunderstanding about how music is perceived. I don't blame
         | her though, I was once like this too. I think this is the
         | default behavior for many adult beginners especially.
        
         | rectang wrote:
         | > _She stopped at every mistake and "corrected" it, until you
         | wanted to scream at her._
         | 
         | I had a college instrumental performance professor yell at me
         | to "sit still" because this was happening all the time at our
         | weekly recital hour, it was driving me crazy, and I would jerk,
         | or shake my head or hang it, or facepalm, or clench my fists.
         | 
         | They were right to call me out because I was being rude and I
         | toned down my reactions after that, but... ugh. I hate that the
         | professors tolerated that -- it was such a disservice to their
         | students.
        
           | AlbertCory wrote:
           | I know! It IS rude. But it's hard not to cringe.
           | 
           | Just think "poker face."
        
             | rectang wrote:
             | The audience is rooting for you. They want to experience
             | something special.
             | 
             | They _want_ you to blow through glitches without drawing
             | attention to them or even thinking about them, because that
             | 's how you bring them along in a shared, spellbinding
             | experience.
        
         | narag wrote:
         | _The truth is, you are not going to be very good, and lots of
         | people who are orders of magnitude better than you can 't make
         | any real money playing piano, because that level of skill is so
         | common._
         | 
         | This isn't so much of a problem if your intention is not
         | playing professionally. Learning easy and intermediate pieces
         | is a lot of fun. Also making your own music using a MIDI
         | keyboard and a DAW.
        
           | catlikesshrimp wrote:
           | It does help to compose game music if you feel more
           | comfortable around a synth. For people who like learning new
           | abilities!
        
         | esistgut wrote:
         | I think you are being too hard on "adult beginners". I'm not
         | sure if it is relatable but I'm learning guitar, just finished
         | my second year self teaching it. I can't see myself as a guitar
         | player just yet but I'm starting to have a clear perception of
         | the stuff I have to learn and more importantly the stuff music
         | players around me know and I'm pretty sure I can reach and
         | overtake them. I'm thinking about "average level skills", there
         | will always be a 8 years old kid with better abilities but I
         | find the idea of comparing oneself to the whole world is
         | unhealthy and far from fair. This doesn't apply only to music:
         | the mere existance of Fabrice Bellard should prevent me from
         | ever reaching a computer keyboard ever again.
         | 
         | I live in Italy, here there are two kind of musicians: 1)
         | conservatory majors, with really really strong "fundamentals"
         | but none to zero improvisation skills 2) other people who
         | followed a learning path of anglo-saxon derivation, usually
         | they have some degree of play-by-ear and improvisation skills
         | but they show a severe lack on fundamentals skills. By
         | "fundamentals" I mean sight reading (meant as sight reading on
         | _first sight_ , everyone can read with enough time), ability to
         | sing what you want to play _in tune_ before playing it, strong
         | inner sense of time and subdivision, knowledge of theory and
         | harmony. Side note: if you ever see musicians perform in Italy
         | (maybe this applies to other European countries like Germany
         | and France too) there is a very easy way to recognize if they
         | have a classical  / conservatory background: look at their
         | feet. If they tap a foot there is a very strong chance they
         | have no classical background as it is seen as the kind of baby
         | wheels thing that prevents solfege from developing a strong
         | inner sense of time.
         | 
         | Back on topic: as you can see there are these big two big
         | subsets of music learning. What I'm doing is simply mix them: I
         | study sight reading and solfege (trying to sing in tune) but at
         | the same time I spend time transcribing by ear and following
         | improvisation methods. There are some very strong sinergies in
         | this: the ability to sing ( _in tune_ , not mumbling it) makes
         | transcribing orders of magnitude easier. Same applies to
         | knowledge of harmonic motions. Doing progressive reading
         | exercises vastly improved my ability to play and understand odd
         | rhythmic patterns to the point I can actually sense the lack of
         | precision they have when I play in a garage band with my
         | friends (not professional musicians but they have been playing
         | for more than 20 years).
         | 
         | To make an even simpler example: I can play without looking at
         | my guitar, a lot of people can't. This feel a lot like seeing
         | people unable to type on a computer keyboard without looking at
         | it.
        
           | AlbertCory wrote:
           | Funny about tapping your feet!
           | 
           | On stage in choruses, I would do it, but only inside my shoes
           | (with my toe) so no one could see it. I see nothing wrong
           | with it, but then, I didn't go to conservatory.
           | 
           | I never sang in a gospel choir, but I would hope that in
           | those, it's not only permitted, it's _encouraged_. Along with
           | swinging your arms  & your head, and bobbing up and down.
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | > The hidden reason for this is, you don't want to hear some
         | 9-year-old kid who plays better than you ever will.
         | 
         | A surprise I had is that 9 yo is an advanced age in musical
         | spheres. There's international young pianist competitions won
         | by 10~11 year olds. They are usually bound to become pro
         | players, so not the average kid in your local music school, but
         | it's a good frame of mind for thinking about how good a 10 yo
         | can be.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | > _is totally wrong. There 's a Piano Pedagogy group just in
         | the Bay Area, and lots of books on it._
         | 
         | None of the above refute the parent's statement. They author is
         | aware there are such things as piano pedagody groups and books.
         | Key word here is "properly" (which might be accurate or not,
         | but that's what should be refuted).
        
           | eredengrin wrote:
           | Yep, fully agree. "researched, documented, and analyzed
           | properly" is a very particular method of doing things, and
           | much of the music pedagogy is pretty much "it worked for me
           | and I'm good (or it worked for them and they're good), so it
           | will work for you too". Which is true sometimes and very much
           | not true other times. It's often a very conservative field
           | (not in the political way, but in the sense of resisting
           | change/doing it the traditional way), so if someone comes in
           | and actually studies things with a more scientific sort of
           | approach, there's no guarantee it will be accepted or catch
           | on.
           | 
           | At least in the family of brass instruments, I am fairly
           | confident that they're largely still living in the dark ages
           | and often don't understand fundamentally how the instrument
           | is even played, at least from a scientific/physical
           | perspective, so good luck if you end up with a
           | teacher/professor who expects you to play one way when in
           | reality you'd probably be much better off playing another
           | way. This happened to me early on and I eventually learned
           | that there has in fact been some pretty good research and
           | documentation into brass technique but it's pretty niche and
           | lots of music professors pretty much entirely disregard it
           | because of the above point about it being a very conservative
           | field. Donald Reinhardt is kind of the one who kicked off a
           | lot of that movement but there's a number of people who have
           | been carrying on that work.
           | 
           | If a similar thing has been happening in the piano field I
           | wouldn't be at all surprised (although I do think that the
           | brass field is particularly ripe for things to go rotten in
           | this way just because the brass embouchure is particularly
           | complicated and also hard to observe).
        
             | AlbertCory wrote:
             | Just as an aside: a couple years ago I was hanging with a
             | professional French Horn player at the dog park, and never
             | having played one, I thought it would be amusing to try it.
             | I had no aspirations of really being good. I was honest
             | with him about my lack of ambition and he was fine with it.
             | 
             | So I got one for cheap, and took a couple lessons from him.
             | Damn, that thing is _hard_!
        
               | eredengrin wrote:
               | Very interesting, professional performers in the
               | classical music world are relatively hard to come by
               | since it's so competitive. It certainly takes a lot of
               | practice to make it start to sound somewhat good and the
               | professionals are on a whole other level. The amount of
               | competition to get a job in a professional orchestra
               | makes a google interview look like a piece of cake.
               | Although I would say you probably got a bit unlucky with
               | instrument choice, out of all the brass instruments,
               | french horn is generally regarded as being the hardest.
               | Haven't ever tried myself but I don't doubt it.
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | Yeah, for sure. Scott is on The List (my term), those
               | guys who've passed the test and can fill in for your sick
               | Horn player. So he's played with almost every orchestra
               | in the Bay Area.
               | 
               | He played at LucasFilm for a couple weeks, to build their
               | library of sounds. He said for that one week, he made
               | more money than his son in high tech.
        
           | AlbertCory wrote:
           | I'm dubious about "properly". As she said, I found lots of
           | instruction similar to hers, including the books she herself
           | cited. The music stores are full of them.
           | 
           | The one thing about piano teaching, similar to dog training,
           | playing golf, and so many other areas, is:
           | 
           |  _Every teacher thinks every other teacher is full of it._
        
         | NikolaNovak wrote:
         | Interesting, I didn't think any adult would try to learn
         | instrument as an adult with goal of making money. I guess I
         | happened to know professional amazing orchestra players who
         | practiced hours every day since they were 6... And were mostly
         | still dirt poor. So when I started piano lessons at tender age
         | of 40, it did not come with any illusions of riches and fame
         | compared to wizards who were _three and a half decades ahead of
         | me_ :-).
         | 
         | But I'm still having so much fun!! Playing simple piano pieces
         | or fooling around with synth or arranger or playing with my
         | kids etc. Piano has such a low barrier of entry to just tinkle
         | around, and such phenomenal keyboards can be had for so little
         | money used if you research a bit, I feel totally spoiled :-).
         | There's YouTube videos and online lessons and awesome books for
         | any style.
         | 
         | My one tip to adult learners - understand that music theory is
         | not the same as learning to play is not the same as learning
         | music notation / sight reading. Traditional music teachers with
         | captive audience of 10 year olds whose parents force them to
         | attend, start with notes reading which has no pay off for
         | unbelievable amount of time. As a busy motivated adult there's
         | no shame and lots of advantages to first learn your way around
         | the instrument and a few songs or improv, even some good
         | theory, before conittibg yourself to grind and learn by rote of
         | music notation. It is NOT intuitive and you won't benefit from
         | it immediately. Especially as piano has different clef for left
         | and right hand... Mostly Because grouchy 18th century old
         | Austrian white males hate you! :-D
        
           | sseagull wrote:
           | Yes, I feel like the focus on making money is misplaced.
           | 
           | I started lessons in my early 30s, (although had a strong
           | background in music before). Never had an interest in
           | performing.
           | 
           | I view it like going to the gym. I don't lift weights to win
           | some sort of weightlifting competition. So similarly I view
           | playing piano as exercise for my mind, particularly areas
           | which don't get as much of a workout programming and whatnot.
           | 
           | And while I do go to recitals where kids 25 years younger
           | than me play harder pieces, I bet I can program a lot better
           | than they can (probably) :)
        
           | andrepd wrote:
           | What's the deal with learning basic notation being made to be
           | so difficult? It's by far one of the easiest parts of
           | learning to play an instrument.
           | 
           | >It is NOT intuitive and you won't benefit from it
           | immediately.
           | 
           | What? How do you hope to play anything other than basic
           | melodies if you can't read music? You'd have to develop your
           | ear, which is much harder than learning to read music x)
           | 
           | > Especially as piano has different clef for left and right
           | hand... Mostly Because grouchy 18th century old Austrian
           | white males hate you! :-D
           | 
           | It's because the grand staff is centered around middle C.
        
             | compiler-guy wrote:
             | People have been developing their ears their whole lives.
             | It isn't that hard to take that and convert it to keys.
             | 
             | I play several instruments but can only read music for
             | piano. Guitar, banjo, and harmonica I play entirely by ear
             | or sometimes with some tablature to get started.
        
             | NikolaNovak wrote:
             | Primarily, it's about payoff / benefit.
             | 
             | Imagine you're 40 years old and you've never played an
             | instrument. You have limited ambition - you want to have
             | fun and play a little bit around campfire. How do you
             | start, let's say on a guitar:
             | 
             | 1. I show you G, C, D chords and print out a simple, easily
             | understandable chart you can take home. You now can play
             | hundreds of songs after 30 min lesson and a few mins of
             | practice. You can spend time playing around and slowly
             | learning rhythm, strumming techniques and patterns, while
             | singing to your songs and getting a feel for your
             | instrument. A week or three later I show you E-minor and
             | now you can play virtually every pop song made in last 20
             | years. [1] If you get excited and interested, we throw in
             | Aminor, and eventually F Major and now you know power
             | chords and you're the master of it all. You're having fun,
             | you're playing, you're improving, and you're having FUN.
             | You can focus on good techniques and sounding good. When
             | and if you want more, we can learn basic music theory and
             | pentatonic patterns, and then one day if you're serious and
             | ready for some pain, you can learn some staff notation.
             | 
             | Or!
             | 
             | 2. I give you some books and tell you to learn notes. You
             | download an app or six to enable you to mindlessly
             | practices notes every day. You spend months studying by
             | rote and can maybe play Twinkle Twinkle Little star,
             | poorly. But it's academic because you gave up a long time
             | before you got there as there was no FUN to be had and you
             | have children and work and household chores and this is a
             | poor investment of your precious, precious time.
             | 
             | >>How do you hope to play anything other than basic
             | melodies if you can't read music?
             | 
             | I mean, it's 2021. Look around. We are SPOILED for choices
             | when it comes to learning! There's pianote and flowkey and
             | casio lk line and songsterr and YouTube and tablature and
             | karaoke apps and anything and everything. It's wonderful
             | and we should embrace that every person can learn
             | differently and enjoy themselves! :)
             | 
             | FWIW, I've played Amelie on piano, Green Onions on organ, I
             | want to Break free on synth and made some small synthwave
             | songs entirely from scratch without reading music (but with
             | thorough understanding of what I was playing - keys and
             | changes and transitions and inversions) . I've recorded a
             | cover version of White room including Rhythm and Solo, and
             | now play bass in a 3 piece band, for fun, without needing
             | to read music. Yes I've learned it eventually, but frankly
             | as a 43 year old it's brought no benefit yet in the two
             | years since I've done so.
             | 
             | YES if you are a pro dedicated musician interacting with
             | others you must learn it. But I think a lot of old-school
             | musicians forget or don't want to understand what it's like
             | to be a casual adult player who just wants to have some fun
             | and jam. Empathy is lacking. Just because previous
             | generation went through some enforced painful rite of
             | passage, doesn't mean everybody has to - let's have an
             | actual discussion on specific customized learning path that
             | benefits each person's goals and constraints.
             | 
             | ------------------
             | 
             | Second point, I firmly believe, especially for Hacker-News
             | audience, is that learning staff notation too early is
             | counter-productive. It gives enormous undeserved privilege
             | and primacy to C major and it prevents you from making
             | crucial connections early on. In Western 12 note equal
             | temperament, there are 12 notes. That's it, 12 notes,
             | repeating. You can start wherever you want and it's the
             | same. You don't care if you start from C or Bb. There are
             | patterns and intervals and triads and chords and things
             | that sound good that are completely relative and you can
             | learn SO much without staff notation messing you up. Then
             | you do learn staff notation, and you realize it's always
             | lying to you. The spaces on staff notation are not
             | representative to anything in the real world. Between E and
             | F there's one semitone; but between F and G there are two
             | semitones, even though they are the same spacing on the
             | staff. And if you move from the safety of C major to
             | anything else, you are SCREEEEEWED as na adult student
             | wanting to have fun. Notation stops any pretense of sense
             | logic and patterns and it's a quagmire of flats and sharps
             | you're supposed to remember as you painfully make your way
             | through. It takes something beautiful, built on relative
             | patterns, and jams that lovely circle into jagged square
             | hole that's on fire. Yes, eventually, you need to learn the
             | same stupid crippling language everybody else uses, but
             | that's not in any way to say that the language is beautiful
             | or practical or helpful. It's just the notation we're stuck
             | in Western music.
             | 
             | -----
             | 
             | I think most importantly, a lot of people completely
             | conflate "music theory" with "staff notation".
             | 
             | I've spent a long time reading "Music Theory books" which
             | just want to teach you staff notation, which has zero
             | explanatory powers (and I firmly believe has negative
             | initial explanatory value). Finally, I came upon on this
             | [2] book, which starts with "If you want to learn staff
             | notation, awesome; we have a sibling book for that; but
             | this is a book on music _theory_ which is independent on
             | any specific notation system ". I read that book and every
             | page was revelation and insight and made me a better
             | player. Modern motivated geeky interested enthusiastic
             | adults don't _have_ to be stuck in the method that our
             | grandparents taught captive 10 year olds.
             | 
             | I dunno, maybe it'll blow your mind, maybe you cannot see
             | it, but I could discuss dominant 7th and minor harmonics
             | and modes and pentatonics and intervals and triads and
             | augmented & diminished and all that good, meaty, fun,
             | fascinating, geeky stuff with my instructor without needing
             | or referencing staff notation at all.
             | 
             | >>It's because the grand staff is centered around middle C.
             | 
             | That explains precisely nothing. It's not even circular,
             | it's a rote memorized factoid thrown out instead of
             | explanation that can be understood and discussed. The bass
             | and treble are off by two. Two!!! If you truly cannot see
             | that for a student, let alone for anybody, it would've been
             | better if Piano staffs were same notes but one or two
             | straight octaves apart, I feel you're not making an effort
             | to see it from anybody else's eyes. My challenge is to find
             | a practical, discussable reason two hands on same piano are
             | off by two notes on staff that has inherent value and
             | cannot be trivially reduced to "because 18th century
             | grouchy Austrians said so" :)
             | 
             | >>It's by far one of the easiest parts of learning to play
             | an instrument.
             | 
             | Well that's just wrong, but we can agree to STROOOONGLY
             | disagree on this one :P
             | 
             | 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oOlDewpCfZQ
             | 
             | 2: https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/1986061833/ref=ppx_yo_d
             | t_b_...
        
               | oriolid wrote:
               | > Second point, I firmly believe, especially for Hacker-
               | News audience, is that learning staff notation too early
               | is counter-productive.
               | 
               | I'd like to add that in 2021 learning writing and reading
               | is counter-productive. Text-to speech and vice versa
               | software is widely available, and spelling rules for
               | English require a ridiculous effort for little benefit
               | except backwards compatibility with legacy books. As an
               | adult learner you are SCREEEEWED even trying to figure
               | out how to pronounce the things written above.
        
               | NikolaNovak wrote:
               | I think that's intended as sarcasm, and uncharitably
               | ignores my point was order of priorities, not absolutes;
               | but sure, things like that Should be discussed - e. G. My
               | ex-father-in-law was Insistent that kids MUST be taught
               | cursive. When challenged why, he gave no particular
               | reason other than to repeat it a lot.
               | 
               | More to the point though, Kids ARE taught speech FIRST
               | (as is my point with an instrument)! They in fact DO
               | learn complex sentences and language patterns and
               | communication way way before we teach them writing. We
               | are not even contemplating teaching 1 year olds writing
               | before we teach them language. So you are 100% making my
               | point for me :).
               | 
               | Similarly in languages, I once went through 2 years of
               | learning foreign language by rote memorization of tenses
               | and rules and declensions and it was awful (this was not
               | in North America) . Got nobody in the class anywhere. 10
               | A-plus students couldn't make a conversational sentence
               | after 2 years. Much more success is accomplished by
               | teaching people here to speak and understand language
               | first.
               | 
               | And again to address different part of your comment and
               | my point: I claim staff notation for people who WANT to
               | understand patterns and theory In music can be
               | counterproductive. Get the feel for relativity of keys
               | first, before we smash C major up your throat. Alphabets
               | by and large aren't that counterproductive, so it's a bit
               | of a false comparison on that level too, though we can
               | have a good discussion of phonetic alphabets vs whatever
               | the heck English has. Staff notation is not inherently
               | logical and representative of patterns in 12 note equal
               | temperament. It's just an archaic system we are stuck in
               | though others have been proposed. It's qwerty! :)
               | 
               | Through all of this tough, I don't see an actual counter
               | argument - this seems to always get people riled up and
               | upset, But why SHOULD an adult wanting to strum or jam
               | and have some fun, be taught staff notation FIRST? What
               | goal does it accomplish, why is that a beneficial order
               | of operation, other than "that's how I was taught"? Let's
               | have a charitable, productive honest discussion :)
        
               | oriolid wrote:
               | Honest question: Did you read my post and write that all
               | by yourself? If yes, why are you so hostile to the idea
               | that music can be effectively communicated through
               | writing and reading? Yes, you can teach a beginner to
               | strum a few chords without any context, but once you want
               | to play with others you need some concepts to be able to
               | communicate and when you have to learn those concepts
               | writing them down is the easy part.
               | 
               | Your language course sounds really odd to me and I'm not
               | sure if I should believe it actually happened.
               | 
               | I don't really get why you are so hung up with C major.
               | Sure, if you play piano the first few pieces are probably
               | in C major unless one of them is Chopsticks but the
               | method books that I have seen have all exercises in
               | different keys almost from the beginning.
        
               | NikolaNovak wrote:
               | - Yes I read your post, though I had the exact same
               | question, as I feel we are talking past each other a bit
               | :<
               | 
               | - (Yes, I wrote that by myself though that's a strange
               | question to ask :)
               | 
               | - Yes that course was real. Two years of Latin, 1995,
               | Prva Susacka Gimnazija u Rijeci. You can wake me up at 2
               | am and I can recite "Terra Terrae Terrae Terram Terra
               | Terrae Terrarum Terris Terras Terris" in about 6 seconds
               | (just measured:). And that's literally what our exams
               | were for two years - conjugate this verb; recite
               | declension of this noun; give me a list of propositions;
               | at no point did we actually learn to speak it
               | conversationally, or tested on reading comprehension or
               | speaking skills. Extreme example but it exists!
               | 
               | Now let's see if we can productively engage on same topic
               | together:
               | 
               | - I am not talking about "reading or writing" or "music
               | theory" or "Communicating with other musicians in
               | general". I am making claims very specifically about
               | western music staff notation, being taught first or
               | early, for casually interested potential musicians. Not
               | that "communicating music is unimportant" or
               | "professional musician doesn't need staff notation"
               | 
               | As such my claim specifically is:
               | 
               | - Staff notation is provably and demonstrably not
               | necessary, and I claim not helpful, to either start
               | learning an instrument or communicate with other
               | musicians or learn advanced music theory; and further, a
               | lot of fairly advanced fun can be had with music without
               | learning staff notation.
               | 
               | That's it, that's my claim.
               | 
               | We need to arrive at better understanding of where we
               | disagree. A LOT of very good musicians mentally,
               | subconsciously do not distinguish between "Music theory"
               | and "Staff notation". I am NOT claiming Music Theory is
               | not helpful - I am enjoying it tremendously.
               | Understanding what you're playing and how and why is
               | great! But staff notation is _completely_ lateral to
               | learning Music Theory, as I mentioned above but may get
               | missed.
               | 
               | Some examples that may help see where I'm coming from -
               | You do NOT need Staff notation to:
               | 
               | - Tell your bandmate "hey, can you try doing a riff in E
               | major pentatonic?"
               | 
               | - Understand keys, triads, chords, inversions, intervals,
               | etc; or communicate them
               | 
               | - Learn a chord progression of a song
               | 
               | - Learn a solo, learn to improvise, learn to arrange
               | 
               | .... Whopsie, Sorry, kids are waking up from their nap,
               | I'll write more in couple of hours, I'd be eager to
               | continue this conversation, whether here or on
               | Hangouts/Gmail/Whatsapp/Whatever :). But my central point
               | here is - staff notation is perceived by some as
               | necessary to a) learn music theory b) play an instrument
               | c) communicate musical concepts, and today in 2021 there
               | are plentiful counter examples to that, beyond
               | theoretical discussion :)
        
               | oriolid wrote:
               | > Yes that course was real. You can wake me up at 2 am
               | and I can recite "Terra Terrae Terrae Terram Terra Terrae
               | Terrarum Terris Terras Terris".
               | 
               | Interesting. My high school German classes involved
               | repeating "an, auf, hinter, in, neben, uber, unter, vor,
               | zwischen" until everyone remembers it and that didn't
               | really mean that there wouldn't have been conversation
               | practice. Maybe it's the Latin language, I have heard
               | similar stories from others too.
               | 
               | I guess it's possible to learn music theory without staff
               | notation if you really try to do so, but to me it sounds
               | just incredibly stubborn to not make the connection
               | between the notes and the lines that dots are drawn on.
               | The connection between the sounds and the letters is much
               | more arbitrary than the connection to dots on lines and
               | you don't seem to have problem with it. If anything, the
               | note that's either H or B depending the culture is
               | written the same way on staff everywhere. And if you're
               | afraid of C major, you're not really getting away from
               | accidentals by just using letters instead of staff
               | notation.
               | 
               | Edit:
               | 
               | > Staff notation is not inherently logical and
               | representative of patterns in 12 note equal temperament.
               | It's just an archaic system we are stuck in though others
               | have been proposed
               | 
               | Most music in European tradition is written in diatonic,
               | not chromatic scales, and while equal temperament is
               | common, it's not all there is. The staff notation with
               | key signatures is just too handy for writing down
               | diatonic music to ignore. Of course it's not a perfect
               | fit for other tuning systems but from "let's play the
               | riff in E minor pentatonic" I'd guess you're not thinking
               | about going atonal or outside 12-tone system either.
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | Surprisingly (maybe) I don't disagree with a lot of what
               | you said.
               | 
               | Exhibit A: Paul McCartney, who's produced some of the
               | most timeless music ever written, and can't read music.
               | 
               | Exhibit Others: it's too early in the morning for me to
               | think of those. Give me some time.
               | 
               | However, everyone who plays on the studio session to
               | record your composed-by-ear masterpiece for the CD will
               | be an excellent sight reader. Guaranteed. They wouldn't
               | have gotten the gig if they weren't.
               | 
               | "Staff notation" is pretty damn flexible, as you'll learn
               | if you try to write a program to produce it as well as
               | music publishers have done for centuries. You already
               | said it's a way to communicate with other musicians, but
               | I'd just add that oftentimes in popular music, that
               | communication is just a score with a tempo and bar lines
               | marked off, with chords and rests in the bars -- no
               | individual notes.
               | 
               | Furthermore, there's immense room for interpretation: if
               | the chord is G7#13, an experienced player will laugh and
               | say to himself "ok, so that's just an altered seventh,
               | and by the way, I always add a ninth to a seventh chord."
        
       | codr7 wrote:
       | I used to take lessons, very classical with a skilled teacher,
       | had my own digital piano at home; but couldn't find the
       | motivation to practice.
       | 
       | Several years later I bought a cheap 49-key midi keyboard and
       | fired up YouTube, still going and improving every day.
       | 
       | Just do it, really; sit down and learn how to play something you
       | like, your way.
        
       | tritones wrote:
       | I came across this shortly before beginning my degree in music
       | and it completely changed how I approached learning new pieces.
       | When I tried to explain the technique to another pianist, they
       | were confused as to what was 'new' about it. I guess they never
       | had a teacher say "play it over and over until you can play it
       | without mistakes".
       | 
       | Now, my wife is completing her education degree and I see a lot
       | of this approach being implemented in K-12: identify and focus on
       | weaknesses; use your strengths to enhance your weakness; spend
       | time on the big problems; balancing holistic approaches with
       | concise methods, etc. All seem obvious and yet I didn't have a
       | single teacher in music or otherwise suggest any of them to me.
        
         | wildrhythms wrote:
         | I find it hard to believe a pianist (or any trained musician)
         | has never heard of playing something over and over again
         | without mistakes...
        
           | tritones wrote:
           | You misunderstand. Their teachers used better methods than
           | just "do it again but better".
        
           | nkuttler wrote:
           | This attitude contributes to the problem: many teachers at a
           | higher level don't even bother to teach this stuff because
           | they think everybody already does it.
        
       | tejohnso wrote:
       | I would like to see the best book ever written on how to practice
       | at the _guitar_. Any suggestions?
        
         | packjaddison wrote:
         | I'd be happy to give you some advice to get you started.
        
         | m0zg wrote:
         | There are a lot of different genres within guitar, and a lot of
         | different variations in instruments, and ways of playing the
         | instrument (fingers, pick, hybrid, tapping, legato, slide,
         | combination thereof), heck even within picking there's also
         | "economy", "sweep", "downstroke", and "alternate" picking, so
         | you'd need to narrow it down by a lot.
         | 
         | For rock/prog I think Rock Discipline by John Petrucci is the
         | best book available if you're prepared to put in a lot of work
         | and, well, discipline. The name is not accidental: it's hard
         | AF, so if someone is looking for a silver bullet, keep looking.
         | 
         | But at least for guitar a book is not a replacement for a good
         | teacher, and it can't be: there's too much nuance and too many
         | ways to screw things up. Screw up your right wrist movement,
         | and you won't be able to play fast. Screw up your left hand
         | position, and you won't be able to do legato (hammer-ons and
         | pull-offs) and chords will be difficult as well.
         | Synchronization is hard too, especially in hybrid styles, where
         | not every note is picked. Screw up muting and you won't be able
         | to play clean. And the worst part is, you don't even hear
         | yourself as you're playing, if you aren't recording, because
         | your mind is struggling to control and synchronize your hands,
         | which takes more effort than it does on a piano because the
         | left hand does something completely different from the right.
         | That's not even considering that music theory is much harder to
         | learn on the guitar than it is on the piano.
         | 
         | Even some established guitarists don't really know how to play
         | properly (Kirk Hammett or Slash are perennial examples), and a
         | lot of those that do know how to play don't know the theory.
         | They've just learned the technique and a few licks, and that's
         | enough if you don't have to learn someone else's music and
         | don't need Petrucci's levels of sophistication. But knowing
         | theory really opens up the instrument and makes it a lot easier
         | to learn pieces, since you get to see the "grammar" of the
         | thing.
        
       | MrGando wrote:
       | Have to chime-in here as a piano player since age 7 (so been
       | going for ~28 now), who about 2 years ago got very serious about
       | Jazz.
       | 
       | I have stumbled across this book many times, I have read it. It's
       | the single most controversial book that I've read about piano
       | technique and playing that I've found.
       | 
       | The author, is not even a player himself (!!!). There's a great
       | summary of reviews about the book here
       | (https://www.pianostreet.com/smf/index.php?topic=38247.0), if
       | you're starting into piano, stay away, get a decent teacher.
        
         | rossjudson wrote:
         | Oddly enough, the author himself says "get a piano teacher"
         | when you're starting out. He also explicitly says that he's
         | gathered together what he feels are the most effective practice
         | techniques, culled from many books.
         | 
         | Your linked reviews spend a considerable amount of energy
         | complaining about the author's lack of pedigree, of one sort or
         | another...or paraphrasing things the author didn't say. Which
         | isn't really paraphrasing, is it?
         | 
         | I think I've been playing piano since I was 7 too. After years
         | away, I've been helping to teach my son. Most of the advice in
         | the basic practice section is really, really good. Many of the
         | techniques describe correspond quite well to what my son's
         | (quite excellent) teacher asks him to do...and they work.
        
           | MrGando wrote:
           | The methods that work and are the kind of thing that any good
           | teacher will tell you to do over a conversation in a coffee
           | shop, meaning that you don't even need a piano to learn about
           | them. Yes they do work, eg: learning a few bars at a time and
           | separate hands.
           | 
           | The book totally falls apart when getting into the weeds.
           | Piano is a corporal activity after all and while yes, there's
           | definitely "frameworks" to make learning pieces more
           | efficient, or practicing more efficient, the author gives
           | very bad advice when he starts crossing the threshold towards
           | what's technical and corporal... because he just doesn't
           | know.
        
             | spekcular wrote:
             | Is that "corporeal" information actually written down
             | anywhere? I've read a few books about piano technique and
             | pedagogy, and they contain some mix of "obvious" stuff
             | (also in this book), wrong/misinformed stuff, and poor
             | written descriptions of various body movements.
             | 
             | It seems to me that piano is a physical activity that is
             | impossible to teach through text, and that a good teacher
             | is the only way. But I'd like to be wrong, or at least find
             | some useful tips.
             | 
             | (This is to say nothing of interpretation and other musical
             | matters, which seem even more impossible to transmit
             | through writing...)
        
         | hatmatrix wrote:
         | I had to laugh out loud when I read that the author openly
         | admits to not being a pianist or a piano teacher... but a
         | physicist. It reminds me a lot of physicists I know who
         | approach every problem with the assumption that they can do it
         | better than people who have been trying to solve the problem
         | long before. On occasion, they are right, but this clearly
         | appears to be one of those other times.
        
           | microtherion wrote:
           | Obligatory xkcd: https://xkcd.com/793/
        
           | jeffwass wrote:
           | As both a physicist and a pianist, I have to comment that
           | it's not only physicists that make these assumptions.
        
             | agumonkey wrote:
             | Btw, do you have a reflex to model music as an abstract
             | mathematical/geometric structure since you have a physics
             | background ?
             | 
             | I'm not even a physicist but I cannot help but to see non
             | linear interpolated curves and surfaces when I hear music.
             | (curvature being somehow related to dissonance).
        
         | ashtonbaker wrote:
         | Can I ask you what your path into jazz has been like?
         | 
         | I've been playing myself for like 25 years, classically trained
         | for my whole childhood. I've always enjoyed improvisation and
         | love jazz piano so much, but I've found it really hard to build
         | from my very limited improv vocabulary into "serious" jazz, and
         | I've had a hard time learning how to learn jazz, if that makes
         | sense.
        
           | yesenadam wrote:
           | My unasked for 2c: (Jazz pianist here, did classical piano
           | from very young, then started jazz at about 12)
           | 
           | - listen a lot to the greats and the players you love. The
           | most common problem I see in students is them not listening
           | to much/any jazz and expecting to be able to sound good.
           | 
           | - transcribe a lot, solos you love but dont know what they're
           | doing. Solos on any instrument. Then play them. (If you can
           | play them without transcribing them, great.)
        
           | objclxt wrote:
           | If you are classically trained I highly recommend Mark
           | Levine's book[1]. It digs into the theory of jazz, alongside
           | improvisation. It does assume a working knowledge of basic
           | theory, so not so great for those starting from scratch.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.amazon.com/Jazz-Piano-Book-Mark-
           | Levine/dp/096147...
        
           | navbaker wrote:
           | Joining an online community like Learn Jazz Standards really
           | helps. You can work through exercises and lessons at your own
           | pace, plus you have others who can give you constructive
           | feedback. I'm a guitar player and joining a similar site,
           | Fret Dojo, has pushed me way beyond where I would have gotten
           | on my own.
        
           | wazoox wrote:
           | It's difficult to give advice in that matter without first
           | hearing you giving a try at improvisation to check where
           | you're starting from. I've started learning jazz at 16 (50
           | now) and you never cease to learn (obviously), but I can say
           | that obviously different people learn in different ways.
           | 
           | Basically I'd say there are 3 parts in learning
           | improvisation: the theoretical part (which is already a
           | complex one because there are several possible theoretical
           | approaches to jazz improvisation), the imitation part (learn
           | and play back existing phrases, or better complete solos from
           | the masters), the by-ear / singing part (the toughest one
           | that most actually don't reach, at least reliably).
           | 
           | Don't forget that there is definitely a large social part in
           | jazz improvisation; I'd rate my improvisation ability as
           | uninteresting most of the time; I can get "in the zone"
           | accidentally by myself, but more often it's a band thing:
           | playing with the right people often enough and long enough to
           | get together in "the zone". Yes, that's exactly the same zone
           | as the programming one; you're lost in the music, feeling
           | what's coming next and what notes should be played by whom
           | (there only comes your technical ability in the picture)
           | without thinking about it.
           | 
           | In my personal case, a long practice of classical piano
           | hampered my early capability at improvisation for a long time
           | and I needed the crutch of theory, and to intellectualize the
           | process. Some blessed people "ear" the right notes without
           | needing any justification "why" they are the right ones.
           | 
           | When you've got a long practice of your instrument, the
           | difficulty is to free yourself from the reassuring but
           | useless knowledge and habits you have that bring you to play
           | this scale or this phrase because it's "in your fingers". The
           | best way to reach that point is to have hundreds of ready
           | phrases in all tones "in your fingers", and then try to
           | forget them and listen to the music. Hopefully, you'll feel
           | what goes where, like an unrolling, animated puzzle, or a
           | Tetris game.
           | 
           | Personally I've found Kent Hewitt's advice to be very useful,
           | I think it may help a lot of people. What's great in his
           | playing is that he keeps it very simple, but always richly
           | melodic.
           | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdmjw5sm9Kn83TB_rA_QBCw
           | 
           | Another piece of advice I can give you is to learn to
           | recognize chords and all the different ways they're built (by
           | stacking thirds or fourths, etc) and how they come in
           | succession (the usual II V I VI and friends) to get a better
           | feel of what comes here or there.
        
             | wazoox wrote:
             | Serendipity stroke with this great video:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEdtUOGCCnU
        
               | ashtonbaker wrote:
               | Good stuff, and thanks for your comment. This part clicks
               | with me:
               | 
               | > When you've got a long practice of your instrument, the
               | difficulty is to free yourself from the reassuring but
               | useless knowledge and habits you have that bring you to
               | play this scale or this phrase because it's "in your
               | fingers". The best way to reach that point is to have
               | hundreds of ready phrases in all tones "in your fingers",
               | and then try to forget them and listen to the music.
               | Hopefully, you'll feel what goes where, like an
               | unrolling, animated puzzle, or a Tetris game.
        
         | sandGorgon wrote:
         | What is your opinion about the Taubman technique ? rotation and
         | all.
         | 
         | Claims to be very RSI resistant and healthy ?
        
           | prirun wrote:
           | Learning rotation is important and there are lots of Taubman
           | videos on YT that explain it in detail, usually with scales.
           | 
           | In a nutshell, there is the concept of single rotation and
           | double rotation. When finger-to-finger movement is in one
           | direction, like 1,2,3, you use double rotations. When going
           | from 3 to 1, a single rotation. The movements are highly
           | exaggerated for learning and demonstration.
           | 
           | I think it's easy to get hung up on "how can I play piano if
           | I'm rotating my hand all over the place?" In my opinion, a
           | large part of learning rotation and how to use it for slow
           | practice on difficult passages is about freeing your arm and
           | hand so they are not unintentionally opposing movement.
           | Playing with tension or unintentional opposition, especially
           | if you play hours a day, is one way to get RSI (tendonitis).
           | 
           | Here are some excellent YT resources for piano I have
           | bookmarked. Several of these have videos that talk about
           | forearm rotation:
           | https://www.youtube.com/user/cedarvillemusic
           | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3vYz1SAtcbRhsatydObGQw
           | https://www.youtube.com/user/PianistMagazine (Graham Fitch)
           | https://www.youtube.com/user/SteveMass1101
           | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCr0BMA5yu3AS0alkR7kYwEQ
           | https://www.youtube.com/user/aw4piano
           | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCLsMRd097KLJMvkNzC4rYAA
           | https://www.youtube.com/c/DanielBarenboim/videos
           | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6tpkZhNpJiTnlUgoiUe9QQ
        
             | sandGorgon wrote:
             | Thank you so much ! This is brilliant.
        
         | illwrks wrote:
         | I don't play piano, but my seven year old daughter does. She's
         | doing her grade 2 exam soon enough.
         | 
         | I would also second that advice too! My wife taught her some
         | basics but we got a private teacher for her about a year ago,
         | that has supercharged her ability.
         | 
         | She does a 40 minute lesson once a week. The teacher writes
         | notes on what she is to practice and learn. She practices her
         | work for about an hour a day, and spends maybe another 30
         | minutes figuring out songs she likes (the Harry Potter theme is
         | her current interest).
         | 
         | I would recommend doing the same to anyone else, a private
         | teacher is the way to go.
         | 
         | As a side note, she didn't just start from zero, we've had her
         | in some form of music and rhythm class since she was 9 months
         | old. She has a good ear for music, timing and instruction, to
         | the point where she used to surprise other parents/teachers
         | with how attentive she was.
         | 
         | Also I make sure to have the classical radio on every morning
         | and evening to further train her ear ;)
        
           | andai wrote:
           | > we've had her in some form of music and rhythm class since
           | she was 9 months old
           | 
           | That's really cool, could you elaborate?
        
         | revolvingocelot wrote:
         | I can't help but agree. I've been playing piano since childhood
         | too, though in a desultory, non-Conservatory way. It's been
         | great fun reading through this comment section and seeing Piano
         | HN, but I'm really surprised that this is the first comment
         | that acknowledges the skub-nature [0] of the book, and that the
         | author doesn't actually play piano but in fact armchair-QBs it
         | via observation and discussion with his two daughters' piano
         | teacher.
         | 
         | That's not to say that he doesn't have any interesting
         | insights, but IMO this is an entirely inappropriate book for an
         | ab initio beginner. The value of his insights comes from
         | another perspective on piano pedagogy, but it's an untrained
         | one; better to learn the ropes as they're commonly understood
         | before you seek the guy who's all about an unorthodox
         | presentation of them.
         | 
         | At the bare minimum, get a teacher so you can learn how to hold
         | your hands.
         | 
         | [0] https://pbfcomics.com/comics/skub/
        
           | vixen99 wrote:
           | Also agree but the author makes (among others) a couple of
           | excellent points worth emphasizing: anyone (if they're
           | motivated) can learn to play the piano well and acquiring
           | technique is mostly a process of brain/nerve development
           | because the you are improving your brain while learning
           | piano.
        
           | MrGando wrote:
           | There's a specific thing I always remember about this book,
           | which is that the author recommends the "thumb over"
           | technique for scales. I would never, ever suggest a beginner
           | to approach scales like that. Thumb rotation is super
           | important to absorb and master. Of course, when you go for
           | fast scales you do a "thumb over" which is not really that,
           | but instead of the thumb rotation, you reposition your whole
           | hand using your arm to keep going upwards (from reading the
           | book, it feels like the author doesn't understand that,
           | because he probably never really went through that process...
           | which takes many many years of piano playing).
           | 
           | I clearly remember the first time I went through the book,
           | being a bit shocked when I read this particular take.
        
             | rossjudson wrote:
             | Perhaps you should re-read. On thumb-over and thumb-under
             | (TO, TU):
             | 
             | "Both methods are required to play the scale but each is
             | needed under different circumstances; TO is needed for
             | fast, difficult passages and TU is useful for slow, legato
             | passages, or when notes need to be held while playing other
             | notes."
             | 
             | "Beginners should be taught TU first because it is needed
             | for slow passages and takes longer to learn. The TO method
             | should be taught as soon as faster scales are needed,
             | within the first two years of lessons."
        
               | MrGando wrote:
               | It's both the way the technique is described and the name
               | given to it "thumb over" that are unclear and misleading.
               | I know the technique, and in my years of practice (semi-
               | pro) I've never seen it described anything like that. It
               | doesn't even have a "name" per-se, because you learn to
               | play the piano with your whole body, so it becomes a
               | natural thing that you just have to do to get that speed.
               | And by the way, you can still use it when playing slow,
               | if you want to obtain a certain "tone" or "sound".
        
               | packjaddison wrote:
               | In my head, after 'thumb-under', I think of 'skips' and
               | 'leaps' depending on distance for whole-hand
               | repositioning, which is descriptively accurate for
               | fingering on the piano, guitar, and violin (etc.).
               | Though, for the novice I could see how conceptualizing a
               | movement this way could interfere with legato technique,
               | as it encourages more discrete chunking than does the
               | 'unbroken' thumb-under during a run. Does that
               | nomenclature match your conceptualization at all?
        
             | revolvingocelot wrote:
             | >Of course, when you go for fast scales you do a "thumb
             | over" which is not really that, but instead of the thumb
             | rotation, you reposition your whole hand using your arm to
             | keep going upwards
             | 
             | To belabour this point for non-pianists, the parent is
             | describing what "thumb over" really is: a sort of physical
             | consequence of playing a fast ascending arpeggio/scale. It
             | isn't an alternative to "thumb under" so much as a good-
             | faith approximation of it at speed. "Practicing" "thumb
             | over", as in this YouTube video [0], would likely threaten
             | the mapping of fingers to keys in a newer player. It's not
             | wrong to acknowledge its existence, but IMO it's properly
             | conceived of as a skill that develops as a consequence of
             | playing normally (though quickly), not an alternative to
             | it.
             | 
             | Because (and in spite of) the fact that he doesn't play
             | piano, his observations on "thumb over" are interesting,
             | but unless you're already aware of the true nature of
             | "thumb over" his authoritative tone will lead you astray in
             | terms of conceptual categorization.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZLTbURVEEO4
             | 
             | [1] https://fundamentals-of-piano-
             | practice.readthedocs.io/chapte...
        
           | agumonkey wrote:
           | it's been so long since i've seen pbf comics .. such a
           | superior format.
        
             | jbaber wrote:
             | He's made a few more recently, has a patreon, etc.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | DaniFong wrote:
       | any hackers interested in piano should check out
       | serenepianist.com
       | 
       | https://www.instagram.com/serenepianist/
       | 
       | serene was a hacker at google/tor/cmu and then went deep into
       | piano and is an amazing concert pianist. she loved this book!
        
       | zfier83 wrote:
       | I'm an adult student. Started at 33 - just turned 38. Practicing
       | 3-4 hours daily. Don't get this book. Take music theory classes,
       | learn harmony, and get an excellent teacher. Mine is from the
       | Russian school and changed the way I approach the instrument.
       | Also - you can become a good pianist if you start as an adult.
       | You just won't be attending Julliard as an instrumentalist. But
       | who cares? Neither did Beethoven. My #1 advice: practice in
       | perfect time. Build a natural sense of pulse. The dirty secret is
       | it's easier to play a piece in time than the converse, especially
       | at high velocity.
        
         | is-is-odd wrote:
         | How do I go about finding a good teacher? Are google maps
         | reviews trustworthy enough?
        
           | wildrhythms wrote:
           | Look up your local/city orchestra; in my local philharmonic
           | they keep an entire page on their website updated with local
           | teachers for every instrument.
        
         | IWantToRelocate wrote:
         | started as an adult as well and couldnt stress this enough.
         | anyone can play the piano with proper practice!
        
       | dandotway wrote:
       | Does this book cover how to figure out finger numbering for sheet
       | music that doesn't have finger numbering?
       | 
       | By finger numbering I mean the standard scheme where thumb=1,
       | index=2, ..., pinky=5, and the notes on the sheet music have
       | these numbers.
       | 
       | This is the biggest mystery to me. I understand there is not a
       | One True Canonical Fingering for a given sequence of notes. But
       | some fingerings make the music much easier than others.
       | 
       | Wish some HN coder genius would write a program that given sheet
       | music as input, outputs the top 1-3 recommended fingerings for
       | that music with explanations for which rules were applied.
        
         | zmmmmm wrote:
         | > how to figure out finger numbering for sheet music that
         | doesn't have finger numbering
         | 
         | It is one reason why instrumentalists spend so much time
         | practicing things like scales and arpeggios. Because in
         | practice 90% of music is made of these or small variations on
         | them, so once these are "muscle memory" you truly don't think
         | about fingerings any more.
        
           | oplav wrote:
           | I agree with this. Scales more or less have an accepted
           | fingering so if you practice these a lot, you'll gain some
           | natural muscle intuition for when you see variations on
           | scales and arpeggios in the wild.
           | 
           | When I took classical piano lessons, each week we'd have a
           | new key assignment and we'd have to practice scales, chords,
           | and arpeggios in that key.
           | 
           | My piano teacher hand crafted a very nice sheet that listed
           | all scale and arpeggio fingering for all keys, but that is
           | buried somewhere in storage. This website [1] seems to have
           | the same info.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.pianoscales.org/major.html
        
         | kashunstva wrote:
         | I'm a collaborative pianist by profession. The discussion of
         | fingering here is interesting. Much can be said about fingering
         | but first and foremost it has to serve the musical intent and I
         | would be surprised if any algorithm could surface those intents
         | because (thankfully) they come from a place that is highly
         | personal and emotive, e.g. the 1st finger (thumb) doesn't
         | belong here because it's too heavy and falls on the end of a
         | delicate appoggiatura.
         | 
         | That said, many fingering choices are practical and dictated by
         | the geography of the keyboard and the oddities of our hand
         | anatomy. Armed with a knowledge of the fingering of all of the
         | major and minor scales, the patterns and paradigms encountered
         | in actual compositions become clearer. I recommend MacFarren's
         | scale book but there are others. Beyond pattern recognition and
         | an attempt to understand the musical intent, there's just trial
         | and error. When approaching a new work, I'll spend quite a bit
         | of time trying options in ambiguous passages. It's time well-
         | spent. Pro-tip: don't write in every single finger number. It
         | creates too much visual distraction on the page. Write in only
         | when there's an inflection point. If you have a descending
         | passage in the RH that is 5-4-3-2-1-3-2-1, let's say, just
         | write the 5...1-3 or possibly just 5...3. String players are
         | the absolute best at this concept, only annotating finger
         | numbers when there's a shift of position or an odd extension.
        
           | acrobatsunfish wrote:
           | A voice of reason in a sea of STEM bro self indulgence
        
         | jedimastert wrote:
         | I think you're looking at this as an optimization problem, and
         | while to a reasonably large extent it is, it's also a question
         | of interpretation, because where you put your emphasis depends
         | on where you start you're phrases and how you contour the
         | phrase, and if there's multiple lines happening on a single
         | hand what's the main line, if there is one?
        
         | jancsika wrote:
         | > Wish some HN coder genius would write a program that given
         | sheet music as input, outputs the top 1-3 recommended
         | fingerings for that music with explanations for which rules
         | were applied.
         | 
         | You must first access the corpus of data on fingerings. AFAICT
         | that is an oral history passed among piano teachers.
         | 
         | Even then, you must account for how different fingering
         | approaches quantize to various tempo changes. E.g., there's a
         | tempo beyond which I can start throwing my thumb (well, my arm)
         | past my pinky in the development section of the last movement
         | of Beethoven's Appassionata sonata. Below that tempo the
         | fingering is basically nonsense.
         | 
         | You could probably put together some basic set of rules for
         | recommended amateur fingerings. Even there, I think the
         | quantization to tempo is sufficiently complicated that you'd
         | risk creating something like an ML algo that merely improves at
         | persuasively rationalizing arbitrary fingerings.
         | 
         | Edit: I just looked back at the passage and it's actually
         | throwing my index finger past my ring finger. Funny enough, I
         | tried the same passage throwing my thumb past my pinky-- it
         | works fairly well at a fast enough tempo and is awkward and
         | error prone if played too slowly. In either case, the same
         | logic applies.
        
           | revolvingocelot wrote:
           | Hand _size_ , too. I have big fuckin' hands, and I can
           | comfortably manage chords in eg Chopin pieces that my (small,
           | female) piano teachers had to roll. Conversely, they could
           | more easily do some of the arpeggiation that I'd almost
           | literally fat-finger at non-practice tempo.
           | 
           | I'll also add my anecdata to the parent's thoughts on
           | quantization of fingerings to tempos. I like ragtime, and
           | I've grown to notice that playing it properly (that is,
           | slowly, as Joplin is always going on about in the margins)
           | often requires what is essentially _more difficult fingering_
           | than that which is required to play it quickly (that is, the
           | !!FUN!! way). Someone in another subthread mentioned having
           | to physically model the arm and hand. I think that 's
           | essentially correct.
           | 
           | >You must first access the corpus of data on fingerings.
           | AFAICT that is an oral history passed among piano teachers.
           | 
           | At the risk of a vague digression, I'd also like to point out
           | the difficulty the parent had in extracting exactly what
           | their hand was doing outside of the context of "sitting in
           | front of a piano, playing the notes in question". The whole
           | point of fingerings being added to a difficult section --
           | whether by the publisher or the performer -- is to aid the
           | speedy automatization of that difficult section, with the aim
           | of converting it into an uncontroversially straightforward
           | section, like those in the rest of the piece that don't need
           | fingerings. The best piano teacher I ever had, when working
           | out fingerings for a difficult unlabelled section, would play
           | it slowly a few times while looking at, and thinking about,
           | her finger position. Then, she'd try to play it at as close
           | to full speed as she could, and _observe what her hand was
           | doing_. That is, leverage the automatization that fingerings
           | are supposed to supplement. It 's not just piano teacher oral
           | histories one should ought to digitize, it's also piano
           | teacher premotor cortices!
        
         | ajkjk wrote:
         | It's usually not too hard to figure out a fingering that works.
         | Just don't do anything that feels really bizarre or involves
         | stretching in a weird way. As you get into harder music you
         | have to have an open mind -- it's not unheard of to do weird
         | finger-crossing (like having a scale end with 4-5-4) or playing
         | a line with some of the notes covered by both hands or crossing
         | hands. But for the most part it only takes a few seconds to
         | find a natural way to play any particular passage.
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | I don't play piano, but double bass and cello. A challenge that
         | I see is that a great deal of sheet music is still not
         | available in computer readable form. So there's no data, much
         | less labelled data. And the pace of introducing new material is
         | painfully slow.
         | 
         | A problem may be that once fingering becomes intuitive, then
         | there's no incentive to write it down, and you might not even
         | be able to articulate why you chose a particular finger.
         | 
         | I only think about it when I'm trying to work out a difficult
         | passage, and then I'm usually thinking of intervals and shifts
         | that afford me the best chance of playing in tune. Fortunately
         | that's not an issue on the piano, but the idea of finding an
         | ergonomic and less mistake-prone fingering is probably a
         | similarity.
         | 
         | On the other hand you might be surprised at how little it might
         | cost to have a pianist or piano student number some music for
         | you. At least on cello and bass music, when material has
         | fingerings, they only need to indicate the ones that are non-
         | obvious.
        
         | tracyhenry wrote:
         | This seems to provide a solution:
         | https://github.com/marcomusy/pianoplayer
        
           | aeontech wrote:
           | This is really cool, and probably deserves its own HN
           | submission :)
        
           | tomerv wrote:
           | The fingerings in the example in the readme are completely
           | non-intuitive for me. I've played piano for a few years and
           | never encountered such fingering. My guess is that the
           | algorithm is optimizing for the wrong metric.
        
             | spekcular wrote:
             | What particular fingering looks odd to you? The only one I
             | see, for the Invention in D, is basically the same as
             | what's given in the Alfred edition of the inventions (and
             | the Henle, and others...).
        
               | raflemakt wrote:
               | I just had a look at their example (BWV 775) and the
               | first thing I noted was this: Second finger on the Bb in
               | bar 8 makes no sense (there's no reason to not use the
               | thumb there, especially as the following interval is a
               | seventh).
               | 
               | I hope the internet won't become flooded with sheet music
               | that has bad auto-generated fingering, because it's
               | something that you really trust. If I encounter some
               | strange fingering I trust that the composer knew
               | something that I don't that I maybe should work hard to
               | apply to my own technique, obviously this will damage
               | your technique if it's nonsensical.
        
               | microtherion wrote:
               | > Second finger on the Bb in bar 8 makes no sense
               | 
               | It seems all the more illogical as very similar patterns
               | occur in bar 2, 6, and 10, and the thumb is used every
               | time there.
               | 
               | (Not a pianist myself)
        
         | oriolid wrote:
         | > I understand there is not a One True Canonical Fingering for
         | a given sequence of notes.
         | 
         | True. For any given passage, there are at least two different
         | One True Canonical Fingerings, and no matter what you do you
         | will be Wrong and criticized without mercy for your ridiculous
         | incompetence.
        
         | mahathu wrote:
         | The same applies to guitar fretboard where I think it's a
         | really interesting graph theory problem. I think I saw someone
         | post about it on HN a while ago.
        
           | eredengrin wrote:
           | It's similar but maybe slightly different. At least with bass
           | guitar, the different positions you can play the notes will
           | end up with the notes sounding slightly differently even if
           | it's the same fundamental frequency (particularly open
           | strings sound dramatically different, but even outside of
           | that each string has its own sound). Also there might be a
           | consideration about how the transition between two notes
           | sounds which could be affected by whether the 2nd note is
           | played on the same string or a different string than the
           | first. I expect most (if not all) of these concerns would
           | apply to any stringed instrument where the length of the
           | string changes. It's not something a beginner would need to
           | worry about generally but that might be why such a thing
           | doesn't exist already - the pros all have their own unique
           | methods for determining fingerings.
        
             | analog31 wrote:
             | Not to mention that there are multiple schools of thought
             | on fingering. I'm a 1-2-4 player, likewise on double bass.
        
         | tracyhenry wrote:
         | Having the same struggle as an adult learning piano.
         | 
         | How do highly-skilled pianist come up with fingering? Are there
         | any kind of rules? I think there are. But it may be so
         | automatic that they don't actively think about them.
         | 
         | On the other hand, if we have a large quantity of high-quality
         | sheets with fingering labeled, we can train a transformer which
         | is supposed to learn the implicit rules pretty well.
        
           | pitspotter2 wrote:
           | (1) Keep a couple of pencils on the piano to write your
           | fingering on the manuscript, (2) Feel free to ignore the
           | editor's fingering if it's clunky for you, (3) No premature
           | optimisation. Play through sections multiple times before
           | deciding on fingering. If there are two apparent solutions to
           | some fingering problem you might need to try both and then
           | sleep on it, (4) Once you've decided on a fingering, stick to
           | it, because otherwise you risk tripping up by regressing onto
           | a previous fingering.
        
           | tunesmith wrote:
           | I have an undergrad degree in piano. The problem is that at
           | higher levels it becomes more dependent on your own biology.
           | Some of it is hand size, some of it is the layout of the
           | tendons in your hands - some people get tendon click in ways
           | that other people don't.
           | 
           | Practicing includes the identification of the fingerings that
           | can work for you. I don't think AI will ever get you all the
           | way there. Sure, you can put in some beginning rules like
           | don't cross your thumb under from a white key to a black key,
           | but there's always going to be a fingering that is ideal for
           | one pianist that won't work for another.
        
             | tracyhenry wrote:
             | Thanks for the insights.
             | 
             | For casual adult playing though, I'd never reach" high
             | level" playing. All I want is to play easy songs I like
             | (I'm sure there are plenty of people like me), for which I
             | think an automatic algorithm is pretty likely to work.
        
               | yesenadam wrote:
               | (Pianist here) But there is no objectively correct
               | fingering, it's just what feels best/easiest/smoothest
               | for you, personally. Having to read the fingering as well
               | as the notes just seems to make it more complicated.
               | 
               | Even for the simplest music, say a C major triad chord in
               | the right hand - C-E-G - you could play it 1-3-5, 1-2-4,
               | 1-2-3, 2-3-5 etc. I have big hands, so 1-3-5 feels the
               | least comfortable of those, although it may be the
               | 'automatic' choice. I agree with what others have said,
               | that learning scales and arpeggios teaches you almost all
               | you need to know about sensible fingerings on piano, and
               | then having fingering pre-written on any music is
               | entirely unnecessary. Books of scales and arpeggios have
               | fingering written in, which you should learn.
        
           | jedimastert wrote:
           | > I think there are. But it may be so automatic that they
           | don't actively think about them.
           | 
           | That is, unfortunately for someone trying to learn, the
           | entire goal of learning to play piano in a way. To turn the
           | entire process from looking at a sheet (or hearing it in your
           | head) to sounds happening to become essentially instinct.
           | 
           | The best way to do this is repetition. This is what scales
           | and arpeggios and excercises are for. By internalizing the
           | scales you build up what feels correct, based on your hands,
           | the length of your fingers, the different strengths and
           | weaknesses of every single joint and bone and muscle and
           | tendon. You have to use the repetition to find out what each
           | transition and different motions _feel_ like, and interpolate
           | that to what 's in front of you.
        
           | alfiedotwtf wrote:
           | The difficult jumps are usually write tge changes, but once
           | there, it would seem redundant to keep numbering as it's
           | obvious to someone at that level playing.
           | 
           | If you're learning on your own as an adult, I highly
           | recommend "Alfred's Basic Piano Course" book 1. You start
           | from the very start, and by the end of the book, you'll be
           | able to sight read
        
           | hellbannedguy wrote:
           | I am leaning to play piano on a disguarded Hammond CMS-103.
           | (Someone put this out by the curb with a free sign. It was
           | originaly over 7 grand. Why did I include this. Because I'm
           | shocked at what people toss.)
           | 
           | Anyway, I labeled all the keys on my machine. C-D-G-F-G-A
           | 
           | I memorized C for chopsticks. (C will always be the white key
           | to the left of the two black keys.)
           | 
           | I memorized F for Fork. (F will always be to left of three
           | black keys.)
           | 
           | I then found a song I liked on Google with chords.
           | 
           | I picked a Ronny Millsap song, and played it over, and over
           | again.
           | 
           | Am I any good--hell no, but keeping piano/guitar simple
           | helped me.
           | 
           | Eddie Van Halen saw that his son was having a very hard time
           | learning to play bass guitar. Wolfe told his father their are
           | just too many chords. Eddie gave him some great fatherly
           | advice.
           | 
           | "You don't need to learn all the chords. 11 chords will allow
           | you to play a lot of songs."
           | 
           | A lot of Country, and rock, songs only have a few chords.
        
           | aluminum96 wrote:
           | It appears to be experience -- highly skilled pianists have
           | played similar passages for pretty much any sheet music you
           | could give them, and select fingerings from experience. This
           | breaks down for music that's deliberately difficult to
           | finger, or has usual repetition (think Ravel's Ondine, or
           | Islamey).
        
             | mkl wrote:
             | Experience, sight-reading skill, and experimentation. My
             | piano teacher used to play passages that needed fingering
             | at full speed several times with different fingerings to
             | find one that would work for me.
        
           | iammisc wrote:
           | I've played almost 25 years, including some professional.
           | 
           | To answer you... I don't come up with fingering. I just do
           | what my hands do. The fingerings in printed music are
           | guidelines for pedagogy.
           | 
           | Honestly I'm not even sure I explicitly practice fingering.
           | It's just repetition. I frequently think I change it though.
           | 
           | That being said as someone whos played so long it's like an
           | extension of my arm, don't take my word for it. Experts are
           | notoriously bad at explaining their techniques. I do think
           | it's just practice though. No secret
        
           | t_serpico wrote:
           | You pick up relatively quickly fingerings that work. It's a
           | matter of intuition and pattern matching.
        
         | mgkimsal wrote:
         | > ... and the notes on the sheet music have these numbers.
         | 
         | I grew up with a piano in the house, have had sheet music for
         | loads of instruments (played sax, piano, guitar, family had
         | trumpet/clarinet/misc in house too). Have taken music theory
         | classes, performed in bands in middle/high schools and college.
         | 
         | I've never seen sheet music have 'fingering' info ever.
         | 
         | Can someone point me to examples of what is being referred to
         | here?
        
           | a5aAqU wrote:
           | > I've never seen sheet music have 'fingering' info ever.
           | 
           | Classical guitar sheet music often has markings for
           | fingering. See the first example on this page. http://lilypon
           | d.org/doc/v2.21/Documentation/snippets/fretted...
        
           | grey-area wrote:
           | Beginner piano books often have fingering hints, it's just
           | finger numbers beside the notes. It makes playing easier when
           | you can't sight read but is not so useful after that. So it's
           | not surprising you haven't seen it.
           | 
           | I'd contend finger numbering is more about learning the notes
           | of a piece easily for beginners rather than about actual
           | fingering.
        
           | aimor wrote:
           | When I was young and learning piano my teacher would use
           | pencil to write in the suggested finger number above notes.
           | Thumb=1 pinky=5. This was a good reminder when reading the
           | sheet music of where on the keyboard my hands should be
           | positioned.
           | 
           | Image search returns some examples: https://ddg.gg/?q=piano+s
           | heet+music+fingering&ia=images&iax=...
        
             | zarzavat wrote:
             | It's also very common for string instruments, even at
             | higher levels for difficult passages.
        
         | loxias wrote:
         | >Wish some HN coder genius would write a program that given
         | sheet music as input, outputs the top 1-3 recommended
         | fingerings for that music with explanations for which rules
         | were applied.
         | 
         | While I am NOT claiming to be "some coder genius", a program
         | that does exactly this is something on my "projects to-do"
         | list. My partner (who's improving her piano skills) keeps
         | crying out for more sheet music with fingerings...
         | 
         | Is there already a canonical set of rules to apply? My approach
         | is to find fingerings through a sort of beam search, using a
         | utility function for how hard it is to move between points in a
         | 10 dimensional "finger space".
         | 
         | I'm _sure_ this approach is Probably Wrong or at least
         | Overkill, but it 's the most mathematically interesting way...
         | :)
        
           | mkl wrote:
           | I think it's probably not overkill, and actually I think it
           | may need to be more complex than that (though simple methods
           | may prove to work well enough in practice, so try them
           | first!). There's all sorts of stuff do do with momentum,
           | wrist angle, position back or forward on the keys, etc., so
           | it depends on where on the keyboard the notes are and what
           | notes are at the same time or before and after them, and so
           | on. To look for optimal fingerings I'd probably model a hand
           | and arm geometrically, with fingers on notes being
           | constraints for a trajectory through hand-arm space.
        
             | loxias wrote:
             | > actually I think it may need to be more complex than
             | that...
             | 
             | I like the way you think. _thumbs up_
        
           | abecedarius wrote:
           | Going the other way from mkl, I wonder if you don't really
           | need beam search. Approximate as a finite state space, use
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viterbi_algorithm
        
           | xhevahir wrote:
           | I've seen some papers about optimizing piano fingering on
           | arxiv before. They used various kinds of machine learning.
           | Some papers dealing with guitar fingering, too.
        
           | Syntonicles wrote:
           | I was working on a similar project for nearly a year. I ran
           | into trouble finding the correct fingerings and considered a
           | very similar approach to the one you're taking - that is a
           | simplified hand model with a cost-based heuristic.
           | 
           | My personal interest was more along the lines of acquiring
           | statistical data from expert play. I'm supremely interested
           | in this problem from a mathematical standpoint, but the data-
           | set did not exist and I shelved the project as I'm a novice
           | player.
           | 
           | I don't think the data-set would be very hard or very
           | expensive to construct, given several experts and a program
           | to generate note sequences. One could also sample from a
           | large population of players, but then you have the bootstrap
           | problem of attracting them before you offer enough value.
           | 
           | There are some very promising pathways for this developing if
           | you're interested in the statistical approach. In any case
           | I'd love to keep up with your project if you continue on.
        
         | dmlerner wrote:
         | MIT OCW 6.006 talks about this (in much higher resolution than
         | when I last saw!): https://youtu.be/TDo3r5M1LNo?t=2806
         | 
         | An optimal fingering for n notes played one at a time by an F
         | fingered hand can be found in nF^2 time, or I believe n(F^F)^2
         | if you allow F note chords. "Optimal" in the sense of
         | minimizing a cost function defined in terms of state
         | transitions: c(t, f, t', f') is the cost of playing note t with
         | finger f, followed by note t' with finger f'. E.g. c(a3, 1, b3,
         | 2) < c(a3, 1, b3, 5) because it's unpleasant to scrunch your
         | pinky (5) that close to your thumb. (Notably, t/t' do not mean
         | t_i and t_j, two notes in the piece.) There are papers
         | quantifying such cost functions, apparently.
         | 
         | Side rant -
         | 
         | Having grown up on violin, but learning piano as an adult, (and
         | as a programmer), it kills me to index fingers from 1 (thumb)
         | to 5 (pinky). Violin doesn't use the thumb, so the pointer to
         | pinky are 1->4! Worse, as a Suzuki violinist, I hear (to some
         | approximation) the number of the finger I'm thinking about
         | while playing. Worse yet, I read bass by "adding two" notes to
         | treble, so I get a nice off-by-two to think about with my off-
         | by-one.
         | 
         | I should, uh, probably get a teacher.
        
         | prirun wrote:
         | Fingering is largely a planning problem. If your RH thumb is on
         | C and the next note is D, it's obvious you play it with 2. But
         | if the next note is the B below, you'd have to do something
         | awkward to play it. So having your RH thumb on C is wrong and
         | you need 2 on that to play the B with your thumb. Unless the
         | next note is the A below. :-)
         | 
         | If you look ahead a bit at a line of music, you can sort of
         | anticipate how many fingers you'll need in the direction you're
         | going and that helps plan which ones to use. But as others have
         | said, knowing how to play scales contributes a lot to your
         | planning skills.
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | This is a prettified version of the original which is available
       | here:
       | 
       | http://www.pianopractice.org/ , suggest a link change.
        
         | nuclearnice1 wrote:
         | What do you see as the advantage of the "ugly" version?
         | 
         | More up to date?
        
           | kzrdude wrote:
           | More canonical
        
           | mkl wrote:
           | http://www.pianopractice.org/ has the third edition from
           | 2016, but this version is based on the second, from 2009. The
           | third edition has many additions.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | HN as a rule tries to link to the original source of
           | something when it is available.
        
       | tunesmith wrote:
       | One of my favorite piano practice tricks was using one hand to
       | teach the other. Not like how this book describes it, but using
       | inverted patterns.
       | 
       | In the first movement of Apposionata Op. 57, there's a pattern
       | that goes from hand to hand, in groups of five. Difficult for the
       | left hand. So my teacher had me learn it in the right hand too,
       | but inverted.
       | 
       | So in the left hand it went Db Eb G Eb Db. In the right hand that
       | would be Eb Db A Db Eb, an octave up. Mirror image. You'd play
       | both at the same time.
       | 
       | It sounded awful (and then kind of cool after a while) but it
       | worked really well.
        
         | revolvingocelot wrote:
         | Ah Apposionata! Crazy dynamics, passing one's hands over one
         | another, a great showpiece. For those that don't play piano,
         | the parent is essentially bragging, and is entirely justified
         | in doing so. I feel compelled to upvote because the implication
         | that it was successfully learned
         | 
         | My favourite performance of it (not Lang Lang!):
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EEptNFzLpjk
        
           | rossjudson wrote:
           | This was insanely good. Thanks! She is remarkable.
        
           | tunesmith wrote:
           | I plead humility, I never learned the third movement all the
           | way. :)
           | 
           | EDIT: A couple notes about the above performance, for those
           | interested:
           | 
           | First, the section I was describing above is at 3:09.
           | 
           | Second, and purely trivial - she has a mistake that is
           | _extremely_ common among pianists. Everyone copies each other
           | and they miss details. At the top of the figure that starts
           | at 7:53, measure 219, there 's an 8th rest, not a 16th rest
           | before the last three notes. Same with the following
           | patterns. Both the Dover and Schnabel editions clearly show
           | these eighth rests, but no one plays them.
           | 
           | I suppose it's possible that Dover and Schnabel are both
           | wrong and there's some autograph edition out there somewhere
           | that has the 16th rest, but accidentally changing it to an
           | 8th rest (and adjusting the following note values) in
           | multiple places would be a really weird mistake to make in
           | printing.
        
       | hilbert42 wrote:
       | Stunningly useful even if you're a proficient pianist.
       | 
       | Moreover, Chang's a techie--an experienced scientist--so there's
       | no bullshit or unnecessary padding here. As such, he'll appeal to
       | many HN readers who tinkle the ivories from time to time and
       | who'd like to improve their technique.
       | 
       |  _P.S.: I found his piano tuning info /techniques most
       | interesting. As a hacker who couldn't leave well enough alone and
       | who managed to put my old upright well out of wack and sounding
       | like bar piano out of an old Western movie, this info would have
       | been absolutely invaluable._
        
       | Waterluvian wrote:
       | I'm going to try this out. I'm excited.
       | 
       | I'm a piano beginner and my lingering anxieties are:
       | 
       | 1. Am I building bad habits?
       | 
       | 2. Am I learning in first gear without realizing it?
        
         | packjaddison wrote:
         | The most deadly bad habits are learning shortcuts that cause
         | you to destroy your flexibility as a musician (example on
         | piano: practicing a piece always at the same volume, so you
         | would be unable to change the dynamics of the piece if it
         | strikes you during performance), playing with tension (I have
         | given myself multiple types of tendinitis and can attest to
         | this), and repeating a mistake (more on this at the bottom).
         | 
         | As for learning in first gear, don't be afraid to make
         | mistakes, as long as you are thinking about the mistakes and
         | analyzing them, rather than blindly repeating them as "a thing
         | that is hard so I will work in it later while I approach the
         | parts of the piece that I enjoy." The way to improve is by
         | hurling yourself at something too difficult for you, and then
         | slowly improving your technique once you are able to analyze
         | why a particular bit of music you're working on is beyond you.
         | 
         | To play a piece *perfectly, it is like wiping a glass window.
         | You want to play the piece perfectly, every. single. time. So
         | as you build the piece in your head, you cannot leave the
         | equivalent of 'you missed a spot.' If your technique manages to
         | be perfect, clear glass, the listener can 'see' through it to
         | the music. It is dangerous that you already know the piece in
         | your head, because your memory of the music can trump the
         | mistake even as you are making it, because you hear 'how the
         | piece should be' rather than how you're playing it. It's
         | imperative to listen to recordings of your work as you polish
         | it; only at the level of mastery does this become a superfluous
         | tool. By listening to it back, you effectively can 'see' all
         | the spots on the window that you are trying to wipe away.
         | 
         | Finally, there are only two types of playing the piano:
         | practice, which involves deliberate and labored cleaning-up of
         | your weaknesses and mistakes, and playing, which is the
         | exhibition of your efforts to make something beautiful and
         | perfect. The book does address this; most amateurs enjoy
         | playing more than they practice, so they play a lot and fool
         | themselves into thinking they are practicing (I am very guilty
         | of this) and rarely practice, so their playing sounds like they
         | need more practice :)
        
         | scottious wrote:
         | Getting a teacher will without a doubt help with both of those
         | things. Learning to play the piano is like trying to summit Mt.
         | Everest while blindfolded. Technically speaking, you can do it
         | alone but it's orders of magnitude easier with somebody guiding
         | you. Sometimes all it takes is a nudge in the right direction.
         | Other times they need to tell you specifically how to execute
         | or understand an idea.
        
           | Waterluvian wrote:
           | Definitely. Alas I'm not in a position to have that. Just
           | yet, at least.
           | 
           | Nevertheless, in terms of optimization in the context of
           | going it alone, having resources on _how_ to learn rather
           | than _what_ to learn is great.
        
       | chkaloon wrote:
       | Just read the section about temperament. Several errors just in
       | that short section. Pretty much a mess of writing.
        
       | arxanas wrote:
       | This book has a lot of useful techniques regarding piano
       | _practice_ , but it's light on details about _technique_ itself,
       | such as finger positioning or how to engage which muscles. Does
       | anyone have good resources towards this end?
        
         | wildrhythms wrote:
         | A book will never teach you which muscles to engage to play an
         | instrument. Find a piano teacher if you want to learn correct
         | posture and exercises to prevent injuring yourself and play
         | properly.
        
           | arxanas wrote:
           | The piano teachers I've worked with don't seem to know enough
           | about kinesiology to explain the muscle activity. On the
           | contrary, it seems like the mental models they use to explain
           | posture and exercises are primarily correlative, rather than
           | causative. They can tell me that my posture is incorrect and
           | what it should look like, but not what muscles to engage or
           | why, or what angles to apply force at, and so on.
           | 
           | I enjoyed reading a text about weightlifting exercises once.
           | It's not a substitute for carrying out the exercises or
           | having an observer comment, but the underlying principles
           | could be used to explain my performance (or lack thereof) and
           | extend to other exercises.
           | 
           | I have my own notes on piano kinesiology which I've built up,
           | which I refer to as necessary, but it would be easier if
           | someone else had already done it, as it's clearly not the
           | case that a book can't teach you which muscles to engage.
        
       | bananabiscuit wrote:
       | This book changed how I practice piano and also pretty much any
       | other skill.
       | 
       | I also really enjoy the tone of this book. I think the author
       | might actually be manic. I can't find it now in this online
       | version, but in my decade old printed edition I remember in one
       | of the sections he describes a problem his book might cause in
       | the world where by teaching people to tune their own pianos so
       | well, you might be concerned that it would lead to putting piano
       | tuners out of business. He then insists you should not worry
       | about this imagined problem because his piano teaching method is
       | so great, that there will be orders of magnitude more piano
       | students thanks to his book, which would lead to ever higher job
       | security for piano tuners/technicians as not every student will
       | have the time or interest to actually tune their pianos, despite
       | now knowing how to do so very well thanks to this book.
       | 
       | Amazing stuff.
        
       | maroonblazer wrote:
       | From the last section in Chapter One, titled "Jazz, Fake Books,
       | and Improvisation":
       | 
       | > In summary, the process of learning this genre consists of
       | practicing the chords and scales sufficiently so that, given a
       | melody, you can "feel" the right and wrong chords that go along
       | with it.
       | 
       | That's only scratching the surface and will not get you playing
       | jazz. Listening to and copying the greats - Bird, Monk, Evans,
       | Coltrane, Rollins, et al. That's how you learn to play jazz.
       | 
       | >It is clear that this genre is here to stay, has great
       | educational and practical value, is relatively easy to learn, and
       | can be a lot of fun.
       | 
       | Relatively easy to learn??? Clearly the author hasn't or isn't
       | playing jazz.
        
         | poetaster wrote:
         | It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that swing. Aspiring to
         | jazz for over 20 years. Satie is easier, if no less
         | interesting.
        
         | andkon wrote:
         | Hmmm, what parts feel harder or not described above? In my
         | experience it really is just about learning the scales and the
         | chords, like the author mentions. Then you just have to let
         | yourself make the connection. That can be really hard. But it's
         | kinda about trusting that you know the necessary parts - which
         | notes are playable.
        
           | the_cat_kittles wrote:
           | are you a professional jazz pianist? there is more to jazz
           | than pitches... theres time, vocab, rhythm, tone, etc etc
           | which are the things you work on your whole life lol. and
           | then theres the whole issue of playing _with other people_
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | catlikesshrimp wrote:
         | Remember, different capacities.
         | 
         | The author might be super talented compared to you. He might
         | find easy what you call difficult, or his definition of easy is
         | different to ours.
         | 
         | Might~
        
           | oriolid wrote:
           | The author has had some piano lessons and later observed his
           | kids' piano lessons. He certainly doesn't appear or claim to
           | be a teacher or accomplished player.
        
       | BXLE_1-1-BitIs1 wrote:
       | As somebody who has been trying to play harpsichord for many
       | decades on and off, I immediately jumped to the chapter on
       | tuning. My longstanding opinion on ET is that any key is simply a
       | shift of x semitones above and below C.
       | 
       | Since publication when electronic aids were expensive, there's
       | apps you can put on your phone for little or no money. Pitchlab
       | Pro is excellent, but there may be patent issues in your
       | jurisdiction. Also you now have to go through Amazon.
       | 
       | These days YouTube offers different interpretations of just about
       | everything. It gives you something to aim for.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | cloogshicer wrote:
       | It's sad that this book is written in such a self-validating tone
       | (the very first sentence is "This is the best book ever written
       | on how to practice at the piano!" for crying out loud), because
       | the content is excellent.
       | 
       | I read it a couple years ago and it completely changed how I
       | approach practicing.
        
         | rossjudson wrote:
         | I agree; it is surprisingly good. And conceited...which is an
         | acceptable tradeoff ;)
        
           | rossjudson wrote:
           | I'll also point out (to myself!) that the _third edition_ is
           | a considerably better read. It 's available for free at the
           | author's web site (http://www.pianopractice.org/).
        
         | mtalantikite wrote:
         | Could you elaborate on what in it helped change your practice
         | approach? I tried reading it a while back and I couldn't really
         | get past the style. I'm sure there is good advice in there, but
         | it's very off putting due to the rambling style.
        
           | cloogshicer wrote:
           | The main takeaways for me were:
           | 
           | - Do not try to practice the whole piece at once. Split it
           | into pieces
           | 
           | - Start by listening to the piece. If possible get multiple
           | performances/recordings (usually easy with YouTube) to get a
           | feel for different interpretations.
           | 
           | - Take the piece and number each measure from 1 to finish.
           | Figure out where the repetitions are, which measures are the
           | easiest, which the hardest (this will differ for left and
           | right hand usually), where key/timing changes happen
           | 
           | - Practice both hands separately, start with a single measure
           | that is one of the hardest (if need be you can split it up
           | even more). Overlap the measures slightly so that you also
           | practice the transitions. Play as slowly as you need to so
           | that you can play expressively from the very beginning
           | (albeit with only one hand). As you learn the measure,
           | increase speed, but only so much that you can still play
           | expressively. Switch hands once your hand gets tired.
           | 
           | - Since one hand (usually the left hand) is often much easier
           | to play in many measures or even entire pieces, it will get
           | much less practice. To offset this, make sure to also
           | practice the hardest measure for each hand first. Sometimes
           | you might even need to practice the left hand from a
           | different piece (if the current piece only has easy stuff),
           | while the right hand is resting.
           | 
           | - Keep practicing all the measures in the piece in this
           | fashion (with one hand) until you can play them expressively
           | even at higher speeds than the piece is usually played at.
           | 
           | - Now is the time to put the hands together. Use the same
           | method of practice as described above (splitting up the piece
           | into overlapping measures, starting with the hardest one),
           | only this time use both hands.
           | 
           | There are other nuggets of wisdom in the book, for example:
           | 
           | - How to properly practice playing chords
           | 
           | - Very fast notes played in succession are really just
           | "imperfectly played chords", where your hand is already in
           | the position of playing the chord, except one or more fingers
           | are slightly lower than the others as your hand goes down.
           | Thinking of it this way, you're not trying to speed up
           | individual notes, but "slow down" a chord.
        
             | ecdavis wrote:
             | > As you learn the measure, increase speed, but only so
             | much that you can still play expressively.
             | 
             | This summary omits one of the major themes of the book.
             | Granted, the discussion of speed is quite nuanced. See
             | 1.II.13: https://fundamentals-of-piano-
             | practice.readthedocs.io/chapte...
             | 
             | One relevant excerpt, though large chunks of the book are
             | dedicated to this topic:
             | 
             | > To vary the speed, first get up to some manageable
             | "maximum speed" at which you can play accurately. Then go
             | faster (using parallel sets, etc., if necessary), and take
             | note of how the playing needs to be changed (don't worry if
             | you are not playing accurately at this point because you
             | are not repeating it many times). Then use that motion and
             | play at the previous "maximum accurate speed". It should
             | now be noticeably easier. Practice at this speed for a
             | while, then try slower speeds to make sure that you are
             | completely relaxed and absolutely accurate. Then repeat the
             | whole procedure. In this way, you ratchet up the speed in
             | manageable jumps and work on each needed skill separately.
        
             | alfiedotwtf wrote:
             | > Do not try to practice the whole piece at once. Split it
             | into pieces
             | 
             | This has been my biggest ever piano hack. I now practice
             | bar-by-bar and don't move on until I'm happy, and its taken
             | my practice to a whole new level
        
               | blobbers wrote:
               | How is this a piano hack ? This is the basics of how to
               | learn any song.
               | 
               | What's the alternative approach? Repeatedly play the
               | entire song making mistakes at the crux, but insisting on
               | playing the easy parts and pushing through the difficult
               | ones?
        
               | compiler-guy wrote:
               | That is how many people practice. Beginning to end every
               | time. Maybe slowly, but muddle through the hard parts and
               | blast through the easy parts. Maybe, maybe, replay a
               | measure where you made a mistake a couple of times until
               | you get it right exactly once and then continue.
               | 
               | This deliberate one-measure-until-it's-perfect isn't
               | something many folks learn on their own.
        
               | alfiedotwtf wrote:
               | This is how I've always played until last month. Made a
               | mistake? Fumble through but never really focus 20 times
               | perfect on a single bar like I do now.
        
               | wildrhythms wrote:
               | This is how every piece of music was taught to me since
               | grade 5 when I first started learning an instrument.
        
               | karmelapple wrote:
               | I'm a little surprised to hear this as being somewhat
               | unique to this book. I took lessons for years and this
               | was a standard technique my teacher encouraged.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | As a kid aged 9 this was what my teacher recommended me
               | to do as well. (I suck at piano, but that was a pretty
               | good teacher). This book is useful but it is way over the
               | top in pretending to be unique or groundbreaking, it's
               | more a case of the author being somewhat ignorant about
               | what common practice is, something you can't really fault
               | him for since he didn't actually play piano. What struck
               | me as odd was that he believed that the teacher that his
               | daughter had was somehow unique in her approach, whereas
               | it all seemed pretty standard and 'common sense' to me.
               | 
               | The end result is a book that is useful, but that could
               | do with some serious editing by an advanced pianist or at
               | least someone more knowledgeable about various piano
               | teaching practices.
        
               | alfiedotwtf wrote:
               | Yeah, if only my first teach taught me this... It would
               | have saved me a hell lot of time!
        
               | the_other wrote:
               | Intuitively, I can see how this helps accurate playing
               | and deep learning of a piece. I imagine it builds better
               | skills in the long term.
               | 
               | However, it seems like it would be a motivation killer.
               | I'd have thought there was more emotional value in
               | getting through the whole piece, to hear each part in
               | context, to "follow the story".
               | 
               | Can you talk about this method's interaction with your
               | motivation? Would it suit an absolute beginner?
               | 
               | (I'm commenting from my imagination rather than
               | experience. I almost always rely on a sequencer to play
               | for me ;-) )
        
               | alfiedotwtf wrote:
               | For me, I want to play as technically perfect as I
               | possibly can, so I guess the motivation is already built-
               | in to my aims. For others, yeah this would be draining,
               | especially for pieces that you're not actually interested
               | in vs for me I just want to play whatever is in front if
               | me regardless of genre
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I've codified this method (and a couple of others) in
               | pianojacq.com, the 'slide/easy slide/normal and
               | slide/perfect' methods are specifically meant to automate
               | the process of breaking up a piece in overlapping
               | segments. At the end of a run (the end of the piece) it
               | extends the segment length by doubling it and then loops
               | back to the beginning until you can play the piece. It
               | _really_ works and the speed with which you progress
               | through a piece is a huge improvement compared to some
               | other ways in which you could approach the problem, but
               | it is not without downsides, it tends to demotivate
               | people that  'just want to play', which is fine (there
               | are options for those people as well). Practice is
               | fundamentally different from performance, and it would be
               | good for all aspiring pianists to have this tattooed onto
               | their foreheads in mirror image so that you are reminded
               | each morning.
        
             | spangry wrote:
             | That all seems like pretty solid advice. Chunking the piece
             | up but practicing overlapping parts is particularly good -
             | if you neglect the overlapping part you can end up with
             | obvious 'seams' in the piece when you put it all together.
             | 
             | Listening to the piece first is always helpful, but be
             | careful not to become overly dependent on learning by ear -
             | it can cripple your sight reading in the long run. Same
             | goes for separate hand practice. While both of these can
             | speed up your progress early on, becoming a good sight
             | reader pays dividends later on.
        
               | prirun wrote:
               | I was a terrible sight reader. My teachers never taught
               | me is that sight-reading is a skill that has to be
               | practiced, just like other piano skills.
               | 
               | I bought a ton of books in this series and started
               | spending time every day playing them:
               | 
               | https://www.amazon.com/Bill-Evans-Jazz-Piano-
               | Solos/dp/145840...
               | 
               | I'm classically trained but really enjoy playing these.
               | They're hard enough to be challenging yet not something
               | you have to practice for months like many classical
               | pieces. An especially good thing for sight reading is
               | that instead of lots of fast passages like in a lot of
               | classical music, there are lots of chords where you have
               | to read and play 8 notes on a beat. With time (I did this
               | for about a year), you start reading entire chords by
               | sight rather than individual notes.
               | 
               | Working to get better at sight reading makes learning new
               | music much more enjoyable. You could probably do it by
               | reading a lot of classical music below your playing level
               | too, but for me, the jazz stuff is a nice break and
               | something different.
        
             | hilbert42 wrote:
             | That's very good advice if one's well disciplined. The
             | trouble is many of are not and it's why we need a good
             | teacher to keep us on the straight-and-narrow.
             | 
             | My teacher was forever nagging me to _" play what's
             | written, not my interpretation of it"._ She'd also tell me
             | to _" go home and practice the actual lesson",_ boring
             | Czerny scales or such, _"...and not muck around and waste
             | time playing songbook stuff that I liked the sound of "._
        
               | mtalantikite wrote:
               | Right now I'm working with a jazz/improvisation teacher
               | and he has me play through a piece once strictly as it's
               | written, once again strictly but singing the melody, and
               | then the third time through with improvisation on the
               | melody. Sheet music is thrown away as soon as possible.
               | Of course jazz compositions are much shorter than
               | classical pieces, but I do think the premise of getting
               | it down strictly and slowly opening it up is a great way
               | to practice.
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | > "This is the best book ever written on how to practice at the
         | piano!" for crying out loud
         | 
         | It fits with the current zeitgeist, where clickbait is
         | everywhere, even in respected newspapers.
        
           | rossjudson wrote:
           | I am pretty sure the current zeitgeist is to do the minimum
           | possible amount of observation/research before passing
           | judgement on something.
        
           | rackjack wrote:
           | People have been doing this for decades, probably
           | centuries... there was a book on shorthand (Eclectic
           | shorthand) I found on the Internet Archive and the first
           | couple of pages were extolling its virtues compared to the
           | others. The difference is that you're seeing it.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | It was written long ago.
        
             | amelius wrote:
             | Yes. But maybe it explains why it resurfaces now.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jmchuster wrote:
         | That's a preface by the individual who found this book only
         | after years of research and then decided to post it online.
         | This is not the author of the book talking about their own
         | book.
        
           | cloogshicer wrote:
           | Oh, you might be right.
           | 
           | I downloaded the book a long time ago as a PDF from
           | somewhere. It also included this sentence and it stuck out to
           | me because it was so weird. The rest of the tone of the book
           | felt in the same style to me so I never second guessed it,
           | but you might be correct.
        
             | mkl wrote:
             | Probably from the canonical site,
             | http://www.pianopractice.org/, where a more up to date
             | edition is available for free. The second edition (that the
             | submission link is based on) _does_ contain that sentence,
             | so it is from the original author. The third edition does
             | not.
        
       | jimmyvalmer wrote:
       | This book claims to be the answer to "I am a diligent student so
       | why do I suck?" Having skimmed the first thirty pages, I can
       | assure you the question remains unanswered (the author, being
       | talented, really doesn't get it from our plebe view).
        
       | telesilla wrote:
       | I struggle with learning pieces by heart. It's my greatest regret
       | that I need sheet music to enjoy the piano, some 40 years later
       | since lessons began in typical classical format. My sight reading
       | is impeccable. Any advice welcome.
        
         | scottious wrote:
         | I envy the fact that you can read music so well! I'm the
         | opposite of you: I play by ear and I am mediocre at reading
         | music.
         | 
         | I started piano lessons 9 years ago when I was 27. I had a
         | background in marching band where we were not allowed to carry
         | sheet music with us on the field for 4 years in college
         | 
         | I think that experience with marching band really forced me to
         | develop my ear and learn to memorize music. Also I was terrible
         | at reading music so I used my ear (which also wasn't that good)
         | to fill in the gaps.
         | 
         | Eventually I became proficient enough at this that I could just
         | listen to the other saxophone players and play what they were
         | playing. I didn't know anything about keys, chords, intervals,
         | or anything. I just played what I heard because I had no other
         | choice.
         | 
         | Perhaps putting yourself in similar situations would be
         | helpful. For example, I'm now a keyboard player in a band and I
         | have to be able to learn a song that I've never heard at a
         | moment's notice. That kind of pressure would force anybody to
         | develop their ear because sheet music is just not as useful in
         | that kind of setting.
        
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