[HN Gopher] FAA approves hundreds more engines to use unleaded a...
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       FAA approves hundreds more engines to use unleaded avgas
        
       Author : throw0101a
       Score  : 104 points
       Date   : 2021-10-29 21:03 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.aopa.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.aopa.org)
        
       | ericpauley wrote:
       | Interesting to see the continued interest in G100UL on Hacker
       | News. Personally I'm ecstatic to soon be able to run unleaded.
       | I'm curious to know if this is indicative of a broader
       | (politically-relevant?) interest in getting lead out of GA, or
       | just the sort of specialist topic that tends to interest HNers.
       | 
       | It's interesting (but not unexpected in hindsight) that this new
       | slew of approvals (generally) only impacts engines previously
       | approved for low-octane unleaded fuels (e.g., 94UL). Even smaller
       | engines like the Lycoming IO-360 (except the derated -L2A) aren't
       | approved despite only modest power increases over the O-360.
       | 
       | At any rate if GAMI is to be believed this is all academic
       | because the final set of approvals should come out before G100UL
       | is practically available anyway.
        
         | base698 wrote:
         | If it hasn't been out five years you're a test pilot.
        
         | drzoltar wrote:
         | I think a big factor here is the sentiment of people who live
         | near small airports. The noise is already an issue. At least
         | now there won't be lead raining down on the neighborhood, so
         | maybe less petitions to close the airport.
         | 
         | As well, every time I test the fuel on a Cessna it inevitably
         | sprays everywhere so there's that worry too.
        
           | downrightmike wrote:
           | If you look at Chandler Az's small airport, you'll see it is
           | now in the middle of a dense sprawl of suburbs, who no doubt
           | have no idea leaded fuel it burnt over their heads day and
           | night. Minimum house price in the areas wasn't less that
           | $500k last time I looked, and those were few. Intel is just
           | to the west. https://www.google.com/maps/place/Chandler+Munic
           | ipal+Airport...
        
             | Tagbert wrote:
             | Yes, we live just a couple of miles from the airport in
             | downtown Renton, WA (Seattle suburb). Small planes burning
             | leaded fuel takeoff and land over the town and over Lake
             | Washington. We are not in the flight path, but it's very
             | concerning for everyone who is and for all the fish in that
             | lake.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | I'm somewhat surprised, based on state lead disclosure
             | laws, that this too isn't required to be disclosed to
             | buyers of properties within proximity to airports that
             | provide 100LL from their FBOs. It's worse than lead paint
             | (typically stable if not disturbed) in that it's in the air
             | and on the soil.
             | 
             | You might expect the noise, but you'd have to be versed in
             | general aviation to know you're being exposed to lead from
             | combustion pollution.
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | > I think a big factor here is the sentiment of people who
           | live near small airports.
           | 
           | (disclaimer: am a pilot, so biased) They don't really build
           | small airports anymore, so the vast, vast majority of people
           | who live near small airports chose to move there knowing in
           | advance that the airport was there. Then they complain about
           | the noise and pollution. There's a doctrine in Real Estate
           | law called "Coming to the Nuisance" [1] which exists as a
           | defense to these complaints. People who moved there knew what
           | they were getting themselves into and assumed the risk of
           | harm.
           | 
           | I don't like that our airplanes spew lead into the
           | environment, and am really _really_ happy that an actual
           | viable unleaded solution is finally on the horizon, but I
           | also disagree with moving in next to an airport and then
           | immediately complaining about it.
           | 
           | 1: https://dictionary.thelaw.com/coming-to-the-nuisance/
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | stefan_ wrote:
             | It's 2021. There is no excuse to be using leaded fuel, just
             | as there was none 10 and 20 years ago. If they don't want
             | to implement reforms, the obvious consequence needs to be
             | _close down any operation still using leaded fuel
             | immediately_. You had plenty of time.
             | 
             | Leaded fuel is an obvious externality. As with all of
             | those, there is no pressure on the ones causing the
             | immediate harm to stop. Government action is required.
        
             | davidw wrote:
             | On the topic of small airports, you might find this an
             | interesting oddity:
             | 
             | https://www.google.com/maps/@44.0473359,-121.2771145,1144m/
             | d...
             | 
             | I know I did when I started looking around on Google Maps
             | when we moved here. Hey, wait, is that...?!
        
               | btgeekboy wrote:
               | Airparks are a bit more common around the country than
               | you'd think. Some are nicer than others.
               | 
               | A pilot and homebuilder (of aircraft) myself, it's
               | basically my dream.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | I'd image hackers are curious people, some of whom are
         | interested in other tech like aviation, cars, etc.
        
           | jpgvm wrote:
           | There does tend to be a strong overlap with tinkering with
           | code to tinkering with physical things. Woodworking in
           | particular seems very popular amongst my group of software
           | inclined folk.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | notJim wrote:
       | Can the availability of this fuel be scaled readily, or will most
       | people be stuck with leaded fuel still? Can companies other than
       | GAMI make this fuel?
        
         | ericpauley wrote:
         | GAMI claims the licensing for this will be relatively open, and
         | Avfuel (very strong presence in GA fuel) claims they'll be
         | pushing this out, so at least in theory it could see relatively
         | rapid adoption.
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | George Braly (principal engineer at GAMI) has also claimed
           | that all ingredients are readily available to and capable of
           | being processed at any refinery currently making 100LL.
        
             | lutorm wrote:
             | I thought 100LL was basically only made in one refinery? Or
             | maybe I'm misremembering and it's TEL that's only made in
             | one factory, worldwide.
        
       | Rutledge wrote:
       | I'm excited about this push. One interesting note is how this
       | entire project has been 'in flight' for 30+ years almost
       | cancelled with PAFI and then with then with recent pressure to
       | close airports (namely KRHV) with leaded fuel as the lighting rod
       | the FAA has now accelerated to "progress at the speed of light."
       | 
       | "He added that the accelerated commitment reflects new urgency
       | arising from the FAA's awareness that some local governments are
       | taking action to ban leaded avgas from being used at airports in
       | their jurisdictions.
       | 
       | Local governments threats driving innovation at the federal level
       | :P
        
         | redis_mlc wrote:
         | > recent pressure to close airports (namely KRHV) with leaded
         | fuel
         | 
         | It's always been a real estate issue with KRHV.
         | 
         | The nearby busy highways emit vastly more emissions than
         | trainers, likely including lead.
         | 
         | What city councils refuse to acknowledge is that once you close
         | a city airport, you can never build another one. This is
         | especially an issue in an earthquake zone.
        
       | p1mrx wrote:
       | > some local governments are taking action to ban leaded avgas
       | from being used at airports in their jurisdictions.
       | 
       | What happens if a 100LL aircraft lands at such an airport? Do
       | they have to disassemble/tow it, or is there some sort of
       | financial penalty?
        
         | downrightmike wrote:
         | can't it just run unleaded, albeit with slightly less power?
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | In general: no. In aviation you don't do "this should
           | probably work so let's do it". You follow approved guidelines
           | and procedures and only approved guidelines and procedures.
           | When there are a hundred separate things that can go wrong
           | and kill you, you don't stray outside the lines.
           | 
           | And the issue isn't only slightly less power.
        
           | noveltyaccount wrote:
           | I know nothing about this and was surprised to learn leaded
           | fuel is still a thing in _any_ gas. Found this:
           | https://www.faa.gov/about/initiatives/avgas/
           | 
           |  _Avgas is the only remaining lead-containing transportation
           | fuel. Lead in avgas prevents damaging engine knock, or
           | detonation, that can result in a sudden engine failure._
           | 
           | If engine knock can knock you out of the sky, it's probably
           | not something you want to just take a chance with.
        
           | p1mrx wrote:
           | I assume based on this article that running unleaded would
           | have violated FAA regulations.
        
           | lutorm wrote:
           | To somewhat expand on the other answers: The only reason
           | there are cars that "require 93 octane but can run 87 with
           | lower power" is that they have knock sensors and ECUs that
           | can limit ignition timing to avoid knock. This is a
           | sophisticated system and nothing like it is available in any
           | aviation engine, being designs from the 50s (except maybe
           | some new experimental engines.)
           | 
           | The effect of running too low octane fuel in an aviation
           | engine is not "slighly less power", but likely detonation and
           | catastrophic engine failure.
           | 
           | And that's _why_ it 's a violation of FAA regs to run
           | aircraft on non-approved fuels.
        
       | NelsonMinar wrote:
       | GAMI is a really neat company. This fuel additive is only one
       | project; they're also famous for selling tuned fuel injectors to
       | improve engine performance. https://gami.com/
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | Now can they up the weight limit for electric ultralights (300
       | lbs so it's the same as a full tank of gas) or not include the
       | batteries towards the limit?
        
       | drzoltar wrote:
       | Have there been any publicized studies done on the reliability of
       | aircraft engines, with and without lead? I'm guessing this is
       | what made the transition take so long, but I can't seem to find
       | any references.
        
         | strangemonad wrote:
         | It's a rather complex topic with all sorts of factors including
         | economics of a small market and FAA red tape. Av web has a
         | great multi part on failure modes of engines and why new
         | engines often don't succeed
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/mwpzTnLC8BY
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/_k1TQGK3mZI
        
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       (page generated 2021-10-29 23:00 UTC)