[HN Gopher] Giant, free index to world's research papers release...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Giant, free index to world's research papers released online
        
       Author : webmaven
       Score  : 444 points
       Date   : 2021-10-27 00:49 UTC (22 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nature.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nature.com)
        
       | heinrichhartman wrote:
       | How about learning a language model on ~~the SciHub texts~~ some
       | large private repository of articles, that can auto-complete a
       | paper from the title ...
        
         | tasogare wrote:
         | There is enough irrelevant and dumb papers written by humans
         | not to add more generated artificially.
        
       | wolverine876 wrote:
       | How does this differ from Google Scholar's search index, or
       | JSTOR's? Is it that it's open?
        
         | allturtles wrote:
         | From the article:
         | 
         | > And although free search engines such as Google Scholar have
         | -- with publishers' agreement -- indexed the text of paywalled
         | literature, they only allow users to search with certain types
         | of text queries, and restrict automated searching. That doesn't
         | allow large-scale computerized analysis using more specialized
         | searches, Malamud says.
        
           | ant6n wrote:
           | Can this new index used for search. A quick glance makes it
           | seem like a huge list of ngrams, which isn't exactly easy to
           | with with.
        
       | perihelions wrote:
       | > _" Malamud says that he did have to get copies of the 107
       | million articles referenced in the index in order to create it;
       | he declined to say how,"_
       | 
       | It's clearly Sci-Hub, as this 2019 article all-but-confirms:
       | 
       | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02142-1
       | 
       | > _" And around the same time that he heard about the Rameshwari
       | judgment, he had come into possession (he won't say how) of eight
       | hard drives containing millions of journal articles from Sci-Hub
       | [...] Malamud began to wonder whether he could legally use the
       | Sci-Hub drives to benefit Indian students [...] Asked directly
       | whether some of the text-mining depot's articles come from Sci-
       | Hub, he said he wouldn't comment"_
       | 
       | (It'd be nice if there was a coverage source other than this
       | scientific publisher, whose biases are obvious).
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | Nature has provided straight coverage of Sci-Hub:
         | 
         | http://www.nature.com/news/pirate-research-paper-sites-play-...
         | 
         | As has Science:
         | 
         | http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/04/whos-downloading-pira...
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | m0zg wrote:
         | Scihub has been a life saver for me once I started working on
         | some of the more obscure areas of AI such as signal/time series
         | processing. Anything off the beaten path is locked up behind
         | paywalls, and I'm sorry I ain't paying $40 just to see if
         | someone's paper sucks or not (which 95% of them do, in this
         | particular niche, especially the ones shielded from scrutiny by
         | paywalls).
        
           | liketochill wrote:
           | 95% of all papers I have read have sucked. Maybe they just
           | weren't what I was looking for but a lot of them I couldn't
           | believe got published as anything novel
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | krageon wrote:
             | Of the remaining five percent, at least in software you can
             | be sure at least 80% (4% of the total) doesn't actually
             | work when tested. It is beyond frustrating to deal with
             | research, to the point that these days unless the algorithm
             | is very well described or there is source code available I
             | have to assume the researchers are just lying.
        
               | nuerow wrote:
               | > _It is beyond frustrating to deal with research, to the
               | point that these days (...) I have to assume the
               | researchers are just lying._
               | 
               | This is not something new, or even from this century. The
               | Royal Society, which was founded on 1660 and is a
               | reference in the history of science, adopted the motto
               | "take nobody's word for it".
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Society
        
             | m0zg wrote:
             | Recent AI stuff from major labs on Arxiv is pretty good,
             | but yeah, anything that's AI+some other field is usually
             | pretty bad. It's usually written by someone in that other
             | field who might be an expert in their own domain, but who
             | knows very little about AI or even just numerical
             | optimization in general. The fact that such "work" is
             | accepted uncritically by publishers doesn't inspire a lot
             | of confidence in the value they purportedly add. It's right
             | on the surface: "awesome" results are easy to achieve in AI
             | if you screw up your train/val split, or deliberately
             | choose an extremely weak baseline.
        
         | bane wrote:
         | Out of interest, is sci-hub generally available to get a copy
         | of for...research purposes?
        
           | cinntaile wrote:
           | There are torrents available. I'm unsure if I can link to the
           | site directly without getting banned so you'll have to check
           | the Gizmodo article for the link to the site containing the
           | torrents. [0] It's missing some of the 2021 papers though,
           | judging by the dates.
           | 
           | [0] https://gizmodo.com/archivists-want-to-make-sci-hub-un-
           | censo...
        
           | AlexCoventry wrote:
           | Taking you at your word that you're just asking out of
           | interest, I hear (but haven't verified) that libgen mirrors
           | scihub.
           | 
           | http://libgen.rs/dbdumps/
        
           | vmception wrote:
           | also, I want a version that lets me browse papers. Unlike
           | people in academia or other research fields, I don't know the
           | paper that I want to pirate yet.
           | 
           | from my lived experience, this request has been seen as
           | absurd and invalidated by many because their lived experience
           | is always having feeds of papers and abstracts they can start
           | from. or how they see a browser extension that doesn't do
           | what I'm asking at all to be good enough (there's some that
           | automatically give you the scihub link to any paper you are
           | looking at, which still puts me at square one, which paper?).
           | 
           | its a pretty basic feature though.
        
           | throwaway879080 wrote:
           | see this reddit thread on Scihub rescue mission https://www.r
           | eddit.com/r/DataHoarder/comments/nc27fv/rescue_...
           | 
           | there is a link there to 851 torrents , ~77TB of data
           | (compressed zip files), and also an index (sql db dump)
        
             | Frost1x wrote:
             | 77 TB of _compressed_ publications.
             | 
             | That's pretty crazy to think about, even if you consider
             | overhead and multimedia assets like images often included
             | in PDFs. I remember the old "the library of congress fits
             | on this CDROM" analogies (which wasn't entirely true) but
             | this takes it to a whole new level.
             | 
             | At some point, it seems like in research, it will be far
             | easier to skip the lit review and just do the work then
             | later if you do the same work someone else did, compare
             | results for consistency. We may yet get through the hurdle
             | of the reproducibility crisis due to the deluge of
             | information. The underlying issue though is, because you
             | couldn't find the related effort that caused you to
             | independently attempt to replicate the effort, you may also
             | never find all the duplicate efforts to compare for
             | consistency.
        
               | throwaway879080 wrote:
               | about half a petabyte uncompressed, i'm pondering
               | training a language model/embeddings on this treasure
               | trove, immediate use cases - search, related/similar
               | papers recommendations, medical informatics. it does
               | require OCRing the entire collection first though
        
       | wyldfire wrote:
       | I wonder -- there's lots of machine learning designed for making
       | inferences and there's some for language and transfer. How easy
       | is it to train an oracle that you can ask questions? Or could you
       | make an ontology? Seems like a wealth of scientific papers might
       | be a neat thing to train on. Not to emit gibberish new papers,
       | but to make something useful. Somehow.
        
         | jmnicholson wrote:
         | check out our work in this area:
         | https://scite.ai/search/citations
         | 
         | We have extracted 918M citation statements from 27M full text
         | articles.
        
           | wyldfire wrote:
           | This is interesting but AFAICT it is "merely" indexing.
        
             | fibrennan wrote:
             | So far as I understand it's a lot more than that. Their
             | model has not only indexed but has also individually
             | classified 900M+ citation statements by sentiment, the
             | outputs of which produce a score to represent each paper's
             | relative trustworthiness.
             | 
             | To your point though it's fun to think about generative
             | applications too. I for one would appreciate a writing
             | assistant trained on millions of scientific papers -- like
             | OK I'll write that last-minute proposal for you but you
             | better believe it's going to be chock-full of dispensable
             | lexical arcana.
        
               | jmnicholson wrote:
               | Yes, there is a lot more that goes into it. The details
               | of our indexing are described in detail in a recent paper
               | of ours: https://direct.mit.edu/qss/article/doi/10.1162/q
               | ss_a_00146/1...
        
           | dash2 wrote:
           | Back button is a bit broken there, if you want to back out of
           | the login page.
        
       | Luisvel wrote:
       | I was looking for a big and novel dataset to work on as a
       | personal project. Can devote a couple months after work to it.
       | What are interesting things that could be done with this now as a
       | non-scientist, but that could be useful to share too?
        
         | exikyut wrote:
         | An annoyingly broad answer, but: broadcast an opportunity in
         | which you provide vetoed access to the server/instance holding
         | the data (eg, with standard user accounts, private home
         | directories and the data located read-only in a dir off of /).
         | Would create a small storm of overhead ("please install ..." ad
         | nauseum), but provide interesting opportunities for open-ended
         | creativity.
         | 
         | Also, while unusual, you could potentially extract value by
         | lightly imposing requests ;) on others to (where viable/a good
         | fit) at least have a go at helping you with problem-
         | solving/busywork-type steps in the research you're doing
         | (however experimental/uncertain). Since everyone would be
         | looking at the same dataset, this may bring
         | interesting/unexpected ideas to the table (and maybe even shed
         | light on potential opportunities for collaboration down the
         | road). For individuals who are reasonably independent and self-
         | directed but have no experience working with huge amounts of
         | data, this would also provide a cool chance to play around in a
         | real-world-scale environment without the failure risks attached
         | to eg fulfilling^Wfiguring out business requirements etc.
         | 
         | (Now I'm reminded of https://tilde.club/, which operates a
         | shared Linux box a (very) large bunch of people have collective
         | access to. It's a stab in the dark (ie, the one reference I'm
         | aware of), but maybe the admins there would have interesting
         | insight about managing shared access Linux boxes.)
        
         | markdown wrote:
         | Create a search engine, and put it online. I'd love to search
         | the index but can't download 7 terabytes of data to do so.
        
         | mandor wrote:
         | Provide examples of uses of words and possibly help us rephrase
         | in a more idiomatic way. Basically, answer "how do people use
         | this word usually?"
         | 
         | A bit like linguee but for scientists: (at the bottom of the
         | page): https://www.linguee.fr/francais-
         | anglais/search?source=auto&q...
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | _I was looking for a big and novel dataset to work on as a
         | personal project_
         | 
         | As an aside, one interesting data-set that is out there,
         | legally and freely available, which is decent sized (not as big
         | as this, of course) is the United States Fire Administration's
         | NFIRS[1] data.
         | 
         | Roughly speaking, NFIRS is a record of all fire calls run in
         | the USA, including details like date, time, location,
         | responding department, incident type, dollar value of damages,
         | number of deaths, number of injuries, etc.
         | 
         | I say "roughly speaking" because strictly speaking
         | participation in NFIRS is voluntary and not every department in
         | the USA participates. If memory serves correctly, for example,
         | I think FDNY does not. But as far as I know, a significant
         | majority of the fire departments in the US _do_ send their data
         | to NFIRS and so it becomes a pretty interesting snapshot of
         | fire activity across the entire country.
         | 
         | Edit: from the NFIRS page:
         | 
         |  _The NFIRS database comprises about 75% of all reported fires
         | that occur annually._
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.usfa.fema.gov/nfirs/
        
         | eigenman wrote:
         | I would be interested in seeing how different branding terms
         | evolve in the literature; e.g., "machine learning" vs
         | "artificial intelligence" vs "neural net" or "surrogate model"
         | vs "digital twin" vs "response surface". There a number of
         | terms of art that have substantial overlap, but which term ends
         | up being used depends on the audience, which often includes
         | grant providers. I suspect the popularity of these terms
         | evolves according to what terms appeal the most to funding
         | agencies.
        
       | 2Gkashmiri wrote:
       | Scihub is what 100 tb ? That is like inr 80,000 + a server to
       | hold drives say another 30,000 so in total around 110,000 or
       | 120,000. That is around USD 1500. If I get a windfall of sorts,
       | this is the thing I am going to spend on.
       | 
       | Donations, eh yeah but I feel like scihub needs everyone's
       | support.
        
         | exikyut wrote:
         | I happened to check Amazon a few minutes ago while writing
         | another comment and found 18TB drives seem to be hovering
         | around US$350. 6*18=108TB (and US$2100), _however_ , that does
         | not account for redundancy.
         | 
         | I recently learned the fun way that ZFS performance (incl read-
         | only) absolutely tanks if the pool is full (the box was
         | unusable until I deleted the data), so to use ZFS you'd want to
         | add in a few TB of spare capacity. https://wintelguy.com/zfs-
         | calc.pl says 10 drives ($3500) should provide 100TB of space.
         | 
         | Alternatively you could use dm-integrity (which is very new and
         | does not yet have optimized I/O routines) and either layer RAID
         | on top of that or manually duplicate the data yourself, which
         | would let you just get exactly the number of disks. It's
         | possible you could alternatively run Ceph with ECC, but I don't
         | know if Ceph likes having some free space to work with.
         | 
         | This also does not take into account a server, but this does
         | not need to be too expensive, probably US$750 or potentially
         | even less.
         | 
         | I respond entirely out of curiosity; I also dream of backing up
         | large datasets one day :D
        
           | 2Gkashmiri wrote:
           | my argument is just to provide redundancy. we do not need
           | additional local redundancy because the data is out there. it
           | would be a problem if my copy or your copy somehow becomes
           | the only copy. then we would be concerned.
           | 
           | https://www.amazon.in/Western-Digital-DigitalBBGB0060HBK-
           | BES...
           | 
           | this says INR 11,000.00 which is $137.raw 100 would need
           | around 18 so $2500.
           | 
           | i think there can be variations of disk sizes and amazon
           | fluctuations but in cases like these i would have a business
           | buy them because that way input tax of 18% would pass on to
           | the business and conversely to me for lowering the final
           | bill. so, $2118 would be for these drives. same for the
           | server. a tax benefit of 18%.
           | 
           | as i said, i would love to have this
        
             | exikyut wrote:
             | Huh. I seriously need to graph the size vs price thing and
             | figure out where the sweet spots are. I last did that sort
             | of thing a few years ago, got completely out of the game. I
             | just googled a bit and discovered 18TB drives are a thing
             | and went and looked for those. lol
             | 
             | I guess you're right about not needing local redundancy...
             | although this is very much at odds with the "disk is over
             | 500GB, redundancy required!!11" beeper in my head :D
             | 
             | (And wow things _do_ fluctuate quite a bit, I just poked
             | around and found https://www.amazon.com/MDD-Ultrastar-
             | HUS726060ALE614-Enterpr... (6TB) for US$99, but that's a
             | DVR quality drive, only rated for short term storage.)
             | 
             | Also, TIL about the tax thing, that's really cool. TIL
             | about the Indian GST.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | 6510 wrote:
       | We need a generic effort to take out old ideas that bother all
       | but a few people.
        
       | modernerd wrote:
       | Carl Malamud's Aaron Swartz memorial speech is relevant and
       | moving:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VllJDnMcTzM
        
         | ozymandias12 wrote:
         | Thanks for this. I also noticed the bottom thanks on the index:
         | 
         | >In_memoriam Shamnad Basheer ; Aaron Swartz
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | Looking around, I see Shamnad Basheer was found dead in a
           | car. Is there evidence of how that happened?
        
             | webmaven wrote:
             | It looks like he was sleeping in his car with the engine
             | running and suffocated:
             | https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/legal-
             | exper...
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | I saw that article, which portrayed that statement as
               | speculation by a non-expert, before even a post-mortem
               | examination. I'm not saying something controversial
               | happened, but I haven't found information on what did
               | happen.
        
       | brainwipe wrote:
       | This is awesome; did a quick ego search and didn't find mine in
       | there but found some references to it. Nonetheless, an excellent
       | resource!
        
       | jmnicholson wrote:
       | We (scite.ai) have extracted 918M citation statements (3 full
       | sentences) from 27M full-text articles (more than half are from
       | paywalled articles from indexing agreements).
       | 
       | We've taken this an extra step and have classified the citation
       | statements as providing supporting or contrasting evidence
       | (https://direct.mit.edu/qss/article/doi/10.1162/qss_a_00146/1...)
       | 
       | And, recently, have made these citation statements easily
       | searchable to find expert analyses and opinions on nearly any
       | topic extracted from the literature:
       | https://scite.ai/search/citations
        
         | a3_nm wrote:
         | This looks very nice! is it possible to download the dataset?
         | 
         | (PS: comparable initiative of citation datasets that are
         | downloadable: S2ORC https://github.com/allenai/s2orc and
         | Internet Archive Refcat
         | https://blog.archive.org/2021/10/19/internet-archive-
         | release...)
        
           | jmnicholson wrote:
           | We can't release the full dataset as our licensing agreements
           | with publishers restrict it. We do have an API though that
           | can be used: https://api.scite.ai/docs
        
         | pedalpete wrote:
         | Nice work on Scite, I'm not sure if this is a different use
         | case than I have, but my searches are listing duplicates of the
         | same papers many times. Is there a reason to not collapse
         | duplicates into a single result?
        
           | jmnicholson wrote:
           | Is this on Citation Statement search? I think it is probably
           | because the citation context contains two or more citations
           | in it. We look at citations per sentence so it is duplicated
           | there. I can see how that is confusing though.
        
       | RNCTX wrote:
       | Reminder that these journal publishers have egregious and
       | exploitive contracts with universities, and should not be
       | commended for turning any blind eyes to such databases.
       | 
       | The state university I attended publishes their subscription
       | expenditures, link to the document here [1].
       | 
       | Besides the outrageous prices the other thing that jumps off the
       | pages is how many of them have managed to hide the amount of tax
       | money they receive from a state institution with contract terms.
       | 
       | 1. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1132742/
        
       | minihat wrote:
       | I wonder if this data could be used to index papers based on the
       | type of mathematics they employ.
       | 
       | The same applied math turns up across domains - I would love to
       | be able to see who else is using the same math I already know on
       | their problems.
        
         | hashin wrote:
         | That sounds super interesting! The results will depend upon the
         | kind of information this database provides about each paper. We
         | don't know yet the kind of processing each paper goes through
         | and the quality of the "description" in the database. Assuming
         | that it is good enough, this would be a really interesting
         | project to work on.
        
         | Vinnl wrote:
         | Slightly relevant classic:
         | https://fliptomato.wordpress.com/2007/03/19/medical-research...
        
         | amitlzkpa wrote:
         | Sign me up for that!
        
         | pddpro wrote:
         | This is an amazing idea !
        
         | NmAmDa wrote:
         | Here we return to models based on LaTeX stuff and the lack of
         | development in this OCR area to generate that index.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | Where is "here"?
        
             | NmAmDa wrote:
             | This discussion!
        
           | michaelmior wrote:
           | One of my colleagues, Richard Zanibbi, leads the Document and
           | Pattern Recognition Lab[0] here at the Rochester Institute of
           | Technology. They're doing a lot of interesting work on
           | formula recognition and search.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.cs.rit.edu/~dprl/
        
             | NmAmDa wrote:
             | I just finish looking into their projects. They are very
             | promising. I don't why they don't try to engage with OOS
             | community. They can get their models used in a manner that
             | can help many people and will open many ways to use their
             | work.
        
         | tomrod wrote:
         | Brilliant. Let us dig in!
        
         | lordnacho wrote:
         | Hey this is an interesting idea. How would it be done though?
         | 
         | For example I've noticed certain similarities across classical
         | statistics, Machine Learning and digital signal processing. But
         | they all seem to come at it from different angles, and they
         | often use different terminology. Sometimes a field will
         | rediscover something discovered elsewhere a long time ago, eg
         | the trapezium rule.
        
           | ausbah wrote:
           | even worse, a field will take term from another field and
           | misuse it enough such that "wrong" definition" becomes the
           | default definition
        
       | plg wrote:
       | Is there a search interface?
        
       | kragen wrote:
       | I wonder if this project is what Carl's friend Aaron Swartz was
       | working on that he got prosecuted for until he committed suicide.
        
       | capableweb wrote:
       | Direct link: https://archive.org/details/GeneralIndex
       | 
       | If you want to perform searches against the index:
       | https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Public+Res...
       | 
       | Great to see a large "Signatories to the Declaration of Support"
       | and that it's hosted by the Internet Archive. Keep fighting the
       | good fights my friends! :)
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | This doesn't look especially useful. You can search for small
         | sentence fragments and get the paper title I guess? But you can
         | already do that on Google Scholar.
         | 
         | You can't read the papers or see their citations or cited-bys.
         | What's it for? Poking Elsevier?
        
         | johnnybaptist wrote:
         | Any advice on how to search against this index? I can't seem to
         | figure out the right search queries, everything I try gives no
         | results.
         | 
         | For example, I'm trying to find articles with "neuroscience" or
         | "brain-computer interface" among the keywords.
        
       | bane wrote:
       | For n-gram indexes where n>1, I wonder if some of the sequence
       | alignment techniques from bioinformatics could reconstruct the
       | original documents?
        
         | marginalia_nu wrote:
         | You would typically require some sort of filtering in an N-gram
         | index to prevent the index from growing larger than the corpus.
         | Maybe something like a tf-idf-threshold, or some other
         | heuristic.
         | 
         | Otherwise you get a lot of useless "of that", "in an", "as
         | a"-type word salad that is of no use to anyone, while what's
         | actually useful sounds more like N-grams out of Tamarian.
        
         | anitil wrote:
         | Exactly my thought. I haven't delved in to what's here but I
         | suspect this copyright workaround is not meant to be foolproof
        
         | rmbyrro wrote:
         | Also crossed my mind. We'd still would be left without
         | illustrations, table organization, charts, etc, which in a
         | considerable number of cases are of extreme relevance, though
        
       | echopurity wrote:
       | Wow what a sad legal workaround. This content should be free
       | anyway. Capitalism promotes anti-science.
        
       | someonewhocar3s wrote:
       | Still can't construe it as ethical or right to prevent access to
       | scientific papers. There's something about universities pooling
       | cash for publishing, but whatever's happening is something else.
        
       | noiwillnot wrote:
       | How people goes about downloading/mirroring sci-hub? I assume you
       | cannot start torrenting from your home in Texas without getting
       | into problems. Do you get a seedbox? You are in a state like
       | China or Russia?
       | 
       | Getting these > 70 TB to a residential address does not seems
       | easy.
        
         | krageon wrote:
         | If you are serious: you can download it to a seedbox, connect
         | to it and download it to your residential address over scp. The
         | storage is a solved problem, not cheap but then you _are_
         | trying to store a significant chunk of all papers :)
        
           | exikyut wrote:
           | That solves the routing problem, but not the pipe size
           | problem.
           | 
           | 70TB over 1Gbps: 6+ days
           | 
           | 70TB over 500Mbps: 12+ days
           | 
           | 70TB over 100Mbps: 2+ months
           | 
           | 70TB over 50Mbps: 4+ months
           | 
           | 70TB over 25Mbps: 8+ months
           | 
           | 70TB over 10Mbps: 21+ months
           | 
           | 70TB over 5Mbps: 3 years
           | 
           | 70TB over 1Mbps: 17 years
           | 
           | --
           | 
           | 70TB via mail: equivalent to 100Mbps (international) to
           | 1Gbps+ (local) depending on distance, but only cost-effective
           | if an equivalent connection is unavailable due to average
           | weight (and price) of sufficient HDDs, eg, 3x18TB = ~$1200,
           | combined weight approx 1kg.
        
             | mindcrime wrote:
             | Does Amazon allow torrenting? Or could you have your
             | seedbox push the data to S3 from $WHEREVER? If so, you
             | could possibly use Snowball[1] to get the data to your
             | residence.
             | 
             | [1]: https://aws.amazon.com/getting-
             | started/projects/migrate-peta...
        
               | noiwillnot wrote:
               | I might be reading this wrong (I always have problems
               | calculating AWS costs), but this seems VERY expensive.
               | Much more than paying a 10Gbps internet plan for a year
               | where I live.
        
               | mindcrime wrote:
               | Possibly, but is cost the only factor? What if you don't
               | want to wait a year to get the data? Or don't want to
               | saturate the 'net connection you're using with just this
               | download? And what about error recovery, since no 'net
               | link is going to be 100% stable for an entire year...
               | 
               | Not saying Snowball is the _best_ idea by any means. But
               | I can see how it might be worth considering.
        
               | exikyut wrote:
               | Given the cloud ecosystem (and associated markets), I
               | would be noteworthily surprised if an average
               | datacenter/colo's smart-hands facilities wouldn't be able
               | to accept me mailing in some HDDs, having them attached
               | (possibly by renting multiple additional servers and
               | having them installed in there), then later disconnecting
               | them and printing a supplied prepaid shipping label to
               | return them.
               | 
               | (I'd provide an appropriately oversized tip to ensure a
               | near-unreasonable amount of bubble wrap is included in
               | the return.)
        
           | d110af5ccf wrote:
           | > download it to a seedbox
           | 
           | Or if you already have a VPN provider, check their terms to
           | see what their torrent policies are. Last I checked mine
           | permitted such traffic in a few specific datacenters.
        
         | fbanon wrote:
         | >I assume you cannot start torrenting from your home in Texas
         | without getting into problems.
         | 
         | Why?
        
           | noiwillnot wrote:
           | Legal threats from some IP holders. I assume that the
           | situation with the other part of libgen (the book one) should
           | be similar.
        
             | neurobot123 wrote:
             | They are not pursuing individual papers or archives like
             | this
        
         | neurobot123 wrote:
         | Get a VPN
        
       | gopiandcode wrote:
       | "We have seen some initiatives run into trouble, however, when
       | the necessary rights have not been secured to enable their
       | sustainability,"
       | 
       | I love the double-speak that these corrupt publishers use - it
       | really highlights how mafia-esque the whole situation is. "Pay
       | your protection fee, or we won't be able to /protect/ you".
       | Intellectual slavery and copyright is just another tool of
       | opression used to keep the wealthy in their positions of power.
        
         | catcher1 wrote:
         | You can remove the "esque" from "mafia-esque" for about half of
         | existing "scientific" journals. Please consider studying the
         | way the publication industry now works. Triple profit system,
         | youngsters misled by superiors into unpaid reviewing for
         | inexistent future professional positions, then worse when you
         | start refusing to simply "give" your work, do reviews,
         | preparing somebody else's powerpoint presentations for
         | congresses, etc. We could be longing for a science paper
         | published on preprint servers that publishes the results of
         | this study. You might want to publish it anonymously though.
         | The days of open science are gone.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dukeofdoom wrote:
         | I would like to identify as a wealthy capitalist, where do I
         | get my oppressed slaves to write patents for me? Monty Python
         | skit voice
        
           | pugworthy wrote:
           | We aren't slaves, we are partners. Nor are we all startup
           | leaders.
           | 
           | We have ideas, we don't necessarily have the time, money or
           | even ability to capitalize on them directly as a business.
           | 
           | We also have no need to come up with ideas which have direct
           | application right now. We can come up with "here's a good
           | idea (maybe)"... stuff, and it really doesn't matter so much
           | if it doesn't pan out.
           | 
           | We still get the bonus, the credit, and the feeling that our
           | idea got recorded and acknowledged.
           | 
           | It's making lots of small bets to get ahead, rather than go
           | for broke on one big one.
        
         | charcircuit wrote:
         | Anyone can create IP. It's not something only the wealthy can
         | do.
        
           | ramblenode wrote:
           | Anyone can create a billion dollar company or win a Nobel
           | prize while we're at it. All technically true but largely
           | meaningless for lack of nuance and perspective.
           | 
           | If you're an independent inventor you'll need to hire a
           | patent attorney for your patent to have a meaningful chance,
           | which will run several grand. The patent office is
           | overwhelmed and as a result tends to reject the first draft
           | of an application so that only the most tenacious filers
           | stick around. So you'll spend several grand more on each of
           | probably 3-5 iterations of the application. $10k is a
           | realistic estimate for attorneys' fees if the process goes
           | well.
           | 
           | Then you'll need to monetize it. If you want to sell a
           | product you'll deal with all the other IP holders and their
           | "patent thickets" that intersect with trivial aspects of your
           | product. To sell your product you'll need to license their
           | IP, eroding the value of your own.
           | 
           | Finally you'll have to defend your IP from infringement,
           | which is a major expense---much larger than filing. If you
           | threaten a company with infringement they will make it their
           | strategy to grind you down with legal expenses. If it goes to
           | litigation, you should expect to spend at least several
           | hundred grand.
           | 
           | So overall I would not say just "anyone" has meaningful
           | access to IP. As with many legal/bureaucratic processes, your
           | mileage will vary with how deep your pockets are.
           | 
           | Here is a book written by two economists on how the current
           | IP regime concentrates power and stifles innovation: http://w
           | ww.dklevine.com/general/intellectual/againstfinal.ht...
        
             | charcircuit wrote:
             | Why are you focusing on patents? This article is about
             | copyright. Anyone can sell a program, a game, a song, a
             | video, etc.
        
           | beckman466 wrote:
           | > Anyone can create IP. It's not something only the wealthy
           | can do.
           | 
           | No. First you need privileged access to humanity's techno-
           | scientific inheritance. New discoveries and their negative
           | research are increasingly being monopolized through trade
           | secret protection (which, unlike patents, means that some
           | discoveries can be forever monopolized).
           | 
           | https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2019/02/19/dont-fooled-patent-
           | pur...
           | 
           | Yes I agree this isn't the best source so if you have a good
           | source that explains it better, please share?
        
             | bencollier49 wrote:
             | If I independently discover a trade secret, it stops being
             | a trade secret.
             | 
             | And are you telling us we need privilege to write a song?
        
               | krageon wrote:
               | You need privilege to have a song listened to.
        
               | charcircuit wrote:
               | Not with the internet. It's as simple as sharing a link.
        
               | eurasiantiger wrote:
               | There are many instances where a small artist sampling
               | commercial music has been slapped with a life-ending
               | lawsuit, while commercial artists straight up ripping off
               | small artists make chart hits and millions of dollars.
        
               | charcircuit wrote:
               | That sounds like easy money for the small artist if they
               | sued.
        
               | beckman466 wrote:
               | > And are you telling us we need privilege to write a
               | song?
               | 
               | I wrote: "you need privileged access to humanity's
               | techno-scientific inheritance."
               | 
               | So no, that's not what I'm telling you.
               | 
               | For cultural media/products it's different. If the
               | working class need for affordable housing was respected,
               | and we didn't have parasitic Wall Street housing-
               | financializers like Blackstone sucking out our life
               | energy, then songwriters wouldn't need to extract endless
               | royalties from cultural products like songs to pay for
               | their housing rents. Instead they could live off live
               | performances or use some sort of societal reputational
               | framework to measure their joy-bringing cultural
               | contribution (e.g. by using the number of plays or
               | similar metrics).
               | 
               | Rent extraction and monopolization of our techno-
               | scientific has a grossly underexplored compounding
               | cancer-like effect on the social organism. Today's
               | property relations (the state letting individuals 'own'
               | bits of science) are literally pushing us towards climate
               | genocide.
               | 
               | I care about growing radical universal access to our
               | techno-scientific inheritance because we live in an age
               | where scientific discoveries, which are all individually
               | part of a larger web of interconnected collective
               | feedback loops revealed when painstakingly reverse
               | engineering various phenomena on our planet, are
               | increasingly being commoditized, with little public
               | awareness of the destructiveness and insidiousness of
               | that shift.
               | 
               | > _"...today, a tiny minority of people and corporate
               | interests across the world are accumulating vast wealth
               | and power from rental income, not only from housing and
               | land but from a range of other assets, natural and
               | created. 'Rentiers' of all kinds are in unparalleled
               | ascendancy
               | 
               | > Rentiers derive income from ownership, possession or
               | control of assets that are scarce or artificially made
               | scarce. Most familiar is rental income from land,
               | property, mineral exploitation or financial investments,
               | but other sources have grown too. They include the income
               | lenders gain from debt interest; income from ownership of
               | 'intellectual property' (such as [trade secrets],
               | patents, copyright, brands and trademarks); capital gains
               | on investments; 'above normal' company profits (when a
               | firm has a dominant market position that allows it to
               | charge high prices or dictate terms); income from
               | government subsidies; and income of financial and other
               | intermediaries derived from third-party transactions."_
               | 
               | > Rather than a "free market," the neoliberal global
               | economy praised as "free trade" is actually "a global
               | framework of institutions and regulations that enable
               | elites to maximise their rental income."
               | 
               | https://www.resilience.org/stories/2017-08-03/book-day-
               | corru...
        
             | charcircuit wrote:
             | >No.
             | 
             | The comment you just made is IP that you now own. You just
             | created IP. You own the copyright on anything you write.
        
               | froh wrote:
               | How does this fit in the context of monetizable,
               | economically valuable IP and the protection of individual
               | intellectual freedom and personal benefit (or lack
               | thereof) for the individual contributor who actually
               | invented it?
               | 
               | Also, technically, as an employee anything you create
               | which even remotely fits into the realm of the employer
               | and the company is transferred to them the moment you
               | create it.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | If IP is easy then protection doesn't matter. If IP is
               | hard then protection is important.
        
               | regularfry wrote:
               | It's both.
               | 
               | IP in general is easy. IP in specific is anywhere between
               | devilishly hard and trivial, and by its very nature it's
               | monopolistic. You can't "just create your own" if the
               | territory you want to build on is already occupied. By
               | treating all IP as though it's close to impossible, and
               | that we must societally worship the creators and their
               | progeny, we create monumental inefficiencies.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | > we must societally worship the creators and their
               | progeny,
               | 
               | It's really hard to have a useful conversation when
               | nonsense like this creeps in. There's no society that
               | behaves as a group. Talk mechanisms, not
               | anthropomorphised outcomes.
        
               | regularfry wrote:
               | Fine: the mechanism is a copyright length of life+70, as
               | a heritable asset. Law is a moral code that's enforced so
               | that as a society we must do, or not do, certain things,
               | so yes, the intent is absolutely that society behaves as
               | a group in certain specific ways.
               | 
               | I'm sorry you think that's nonsense.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | Again, what's the point in your last statement? You
               | explain your nebulous statement and then sign off as
               | though I'd said your explanation was nonsense.
               | 
               | It sounds as though even a superficial thinking through
               | of mechanisms has stopped you talking about how we
               | worship IP creators, which is great. It's just a
               | mechanism to allow investment in invention to reap
               | rewards before others can compete. You might think that's
               | a bad idea; what's your better idea?
        
               | beckman466 wrote:
               | > It's just a mechanism to allow investment in invention
               | to reap rewards before others can compete.
               | 
               | Except it's a lie that the real innovators are those in
               | the private sector, and that they need to recoup their
               | investment through the intellectual property regime.
               | Nearly all discoveries are made through public sector
               | funding. [1] Your worshipping of supposed individual
               | inventors is part of the great man theory adopted by
               | Silicon Valley [2] and which is spouted by Global North
               | and American bourgeois media/stories/movies.
               | 
               | Research and development is a team sport. The lone genius
               | myth will die.
               | 
               | [1] Mariana Mazzucato, https://web.archive.org/web/201602
               | 04223931/https://nybooks.c...
               | 
               | [2]
               | https://www.technologyreview.com/2015/08/04/166593/techs-
               | end...
        
               | charcircuit wrote:
               | It fits in the context that you can sell a program that
               | you've developed, but other people can't just go and sell
               | it. I don't know why you are focused on inventions when
               | the article's IP was about scholarly articles.
        
           | tinus_hn wrote:
           | Creating IP is useless if you're not wealthy enough to
           | enforce its exclusivity.
        
             | charcircuit wrote:
             | You can send DMCA takedowns for free.
        
               | tinus_hn wrote:
               | And you don't even need to own the IP to begin with!
        
               | charcircuit wrote:
               | Sure, but that's perjury and you are taking on risk by
               | doing so.
        
           | pugworthy wrote:
           | Indeed. This is my new strategy at the place I work, where I
           | can't get acceptance of new interesting "a few years out
           | there" ideas for our product line, but I can file for IP for
           | such ideas. I'm actually encouraged to. It's a great outlet
           | for the creative if you've got the organization to help out.
        
             | desiderantes wrote:
             | There are people out there gifting their IP to companies?
             | What a crazy world.
        
               | Cerium wrote:
               | Usually it is not quite a gift, where I work you get some
               | bonus, something like $1500 for each patent with your
               | name on it.
        
               | pugworthy wrote:
               | Not to mention I can't hire lawyers, researchers,
               | illustrators, and all the other things my company does
               | for me. It would cost me so much more, both in dollars
               | and time.
        
               | buildbot wrote:
               | Yep! While yeah I am selling IP for some small bonus,
               | it's way, way easier and a guaranteed return on my
               | investment vs. creating a startup or trying to get
               | someone to license a patent. I've done a few patents now
               | at my current job, and it's literally about 4 hours of
               | investment from me for each one to get the summary
               | written up, talk to the lawyers, and then review their
               | patent draft.
               | 
               | Also, the patent lawyers I worked with had so much domain
               | experience (ML) that it was kinda scary.
        
               | mellavora wrote:
               | Yeah, on that 'creating a startup' approach. Tried it,
               | indeed much much harder.
        
               | mk89 wrote:
               | Well it depends a lot on the patent, I guess. Some
               | patents are definitely not worth a startup, so probably
               | it's not a bad idea to get some bonus and be done with
               | it.
               | 
               | However it's cool for big companies to show they have
               | thousands of patents.
        
               | pugworthy wrote:
               | It's cool for individual contributors to say they have
               | 30-40 patents too. We all get our thrills different ways.
        
               | pugworthy wrote:
               | Like most of us are going to go start a company, have it
               | succeed, and let alone base it on 1 or 2 good ideas (when
               | we have many more).
        
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