[HN Gopher] Facing sky-high connection fees, rural Ontarians go ...
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       Facing sky-high connection fees, rural Ontarians go off the grid
        
       Author : dgudkov
       Score  : 289 points
       Date   : 2021-10-26 08:56 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cbc.ca)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cbc.ca)
        
       | ThinkBeat wrote:
       | You also must add in the cost of propane for heating the house
       | during the winter for 3 - 5 months. (and a big tank)
       | 
       | If I was off grid, in a rural area where the winters can get
       | severe, I would want a big diesel generator as a backup.
       | 
       | A lot of things can happen during a proper winter: roads close,
       | heavy snow, supplies can get hard to get some short periods, you
       | can get cold front that bring the temperature down below 20C.
       | 
       | One of the things that sucks about diesel generators are the
       | noise, and the pollution and the maintenance. You also have to
       | run it for a while every now and again and make sure you test
       | everything regularly.
       | 
       | He could heat the house electrically with power off the generator
       | and that would integrate nicely with solar and wind power.
       | 
       | Oh you can get propane generators as well, I was not familiar
       | with that. That would be more convenient since he already has a
       | propane tank. Just build a bigger one.
        
       | mdavis6890 wrote:
       | What they don't tell us in the article is WHY it is $80k. Without
       | knowing WHY, it's very hard to judge anything about it. Maybe
       | it's price gouging. Maybe there are technical issues that make it
       | very difficult. Maybe there are weird regulations that come into
       | play. Maybe there are strange incentive structures. Maybe $80k is
       | actually a loss. Who knows?
        
       | leoedin wrote:
       | Unfortunately this article (like most news articles seem to)
       | mixes up kW and kWh, so we don't actually know how big his off
       | grid solar system is. I'm guessing 8 kW (or 8 kWh per hour,
       | without capacity factor taken into account).
       | 
       | It's a pretty compelling option - spend less than the connection
       | fee to get free electricity. The biggest problem is that you have
       | to size your system for cloudiest days in the dead of winter -
       | which means massive batteries and lots of extra panels. It would
       | be interesting to see a full cost breakdown for a realistic use
       | case over 4 or 5 years, including the cost of maintenance.
       | 
       | I imagine you could throw a $1000 generator into the mix to cover
       | the really bad days, but then that's an added maintenance burden.
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | >> It's a pretty compelling option - spend less than the
         | connection fee to get free electricity. The biggest problem is
         | that you have to size your system for cloudiest days in the
         | dead of winter - which means massive batteries and lots of
         | extra panels.
         | 
         | Or alternatively have a manageable demand side so you can
         | minimize your demand on bad weather days. Definitely 8KW system
         | - everyone messes up kW and kWh.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | If you're able to run central air plus a bunch of other stuff
         | at the same time, then I would think your assumption of 8kW is
         | right. If capacity was only 8kWh, then they could only run all
         | this stuff for maybe 1-2 hours a day. That seems like an absurd
         | outcome, and unlikely.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Why is that unlikely? You don't need all that much power if
           | you're frugal and the first thing any person building a
           | renewables installation is going to buy is a kill-a-watt, the
           | next thing will be an energy efficient fridge. It's amazing
           | how much you can shave off your electricity usage if you
           | start monitoring where it goes.
           | 
           | Converting electricity to heat is a bit like turning the best
           | steak into hamburger, wasteful and costly. Electric heat is
           | pretty much limited to the United States, in most other
           | countries power is way too expensive to be used for heating.
        
             | eldaisfish wrote:
             | >Converting electricity to heat is a bit like turning the
             | best steak into hamburger, wasteful and costly. Electric
             | heat is pretty much limited to the United States, in most
             | other countries power is way too expensive to be used for
             | heating.
             | 
             | This is so wrong it is almost funny. Electricity is an
             | incredibly efficient way to generate heat. A heat pump - to
             | name just one device - can move much more heat energy than
             | electrical energy put in. Even resistive heaters are more
             | efficient than burning any fuel for heat.
        
               | leoedin wrote:
               | Resistive heaters are only highly efficient if you draw
               | the boundaries of your system very tightly. If you take
               | into account the losses during generation, it's a
               | terrible picture. It's far, far more efficient to burn
               | the fuel directly to generate heat than it is to burn the
               | fuel to generate electricity to generate heat. The grid
               | is perhaps 40% efficient at converting fuel to
               | electricity.
               | 
               | It's harder to be so absolute when talking about
               | resistive heat and renewable energy, but it's almost
               | certainly a very poor use of your electricity. You could
               | either drive a heat pump (and get 4x the heat per dollar
               | of renewable investment) or you could spend far less
               | money to build a solar hot water system (or, if you have
               | the renewable forestry, a wood burner). Resistive heat
               | really only makes sense if you have excess renewable
               | energy and literally nothing else you could use it for.
        
               | eldaisfish wrote:
               | in the specific context of living off-grid, heat pumps
               | make great sense because the amount of electrical energy
               | put in is a fraction of the amount of heat energy moved.
               | This is the crux of the cost argument - electricity is
               | expensive whether from the grid or from your own sources.
               | The original point was that electricity is wasteful for
               | heating. It is not.
               | 
               | Your numbers for grid efficiency are also way off. Hydro
               | and nuclear to name just two, are much more efficient
               | than that and 40% efficiency numbers are in the realm of
               | possibility where the grid is primarily coal-based. Which
               | most of north america and europe are not.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I think we also have to talk about whether these
               | efficiency numbers include actual grid efficiency or just
               | the generation portion.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | A heatpump does not convert electrical energy into heat.
               | You are failing the first rule of HN which is to treat
               | that which you've read with the principle of charity: to
               | interpret it according to the most favorable
               | interpretation rather than to jump on it with the worst
               | possible interpretation. But since you've done this: heat
               | pumps as you already mentioned move heat, they don't
               | convert and I clearly wrote _converting_ electricity to
               | heat, not  'use energy to move heat'.
               | 
               | Resistive heaters are terrible compared to other sources
               | of heat when you've done proper cost accounting, burning
               | fuel for heat can work depending on where you are, an
               | outdoor woodstove with a water based central heat system
               | augmented with in ground loops and a heat pump can serve
               | both to heat and to cool at will.
        
               | eldaisfish wrote:
               | most resistive heaters will convert 100% of electrical
               | energy into heat. No fuel can reach that number. How can
               | you - in good faith - make the claim that electrical
               | heating is wasteful or expensive, even accounting for
               | edge cases?
               | 
               | If anything, it is the opposite when compared to burning
               | any fuel for heating, particularly if you are living off-
               | grid in a rural environment. If one considers the
               | situation in the original link - exorbitant utility fees
               | - it makes absolute economic sense to run heating and
               | cooling off electricity, especially if you generate that
               | electricity.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | > make the claim that electrical heating is wasteful or
               | expensive, even accounting for edge cases?
               | 
               | I suspect you two are talking past each other. In
               | many/most parts of the world, the electricity you get at
               | your house was generated by burning a fuel at a remote
               | (to you) plant. In that case, you would have been far
               | better off burning the same fuel at your house to
               | generate the heat (assuming you can). Both the generation
               | and transfer have significant losses.
               | 
               | It's also true that if you generate it from some other
               | source the math changes.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | If you generate it using solar or wind power locally the
               | math indeed changes: those are very expensive KWhs so you
               | tend to be far more careful with them. Running resistive
               | heat off a local solar installation is madness, I have
               | never seen this done in practice, except for cooking and
               | even then it is an expensive affair. The first thing you
               | learn when you go off-grid is that every little bit
               | counts. Electric heat is right out.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | It's unlikely because central AC units (they mention having
             | one) tend to be energy hogs.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Central AC is pretty much incompatible with having an
               | off-grid system. But there are good alternatives such as
               | heatpumps and running your central heat (water based) in
               | reverse to cool.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Well the article says their system runs central AC.
               | That's why I'm thinking that it would use the bulk of the
               | electricity.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Yes, that's why they have an oversized system,
               | essentially they are putting in roughly twice the amount
               | of power they need so that they can convert sunlight into
               | electricity to power an AC that then moves about half of
               | that in heat. It would be far more efficient to use a
               | heatpump.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I'm not sure what you mean by using a heat pump for AC.
               | AC is effectively a heat pump. Colloquially, we call HVAC
               | systems that use a heat pump to heat the house as a "heat
               | pump", while a heat pump used to cool the house (heat the
               | outside) is called air conditioning. Many AC systems are
               | also configured to heat the house (heat pump can work in
               | either direction).
               | 
               | Why do you say it's an oversized system? It seems like it
               | is sized appropriately give the stuff it is required to
               | run.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Fair enough, every AC system is a heat pump. But most of
               | them are quite inefficient and require a lot of power to
               | operate, though the last decade or two there have been
               | some major improvements on this front.
               | 
               | The kind of heatpump that I have in mind will heat and
               | cool depending on the season and uses in-ground loops
               | with a fluid running through them.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Ah, so a heat pump designed to use geothermal or marine
               | heat transfer. Yeah, those are more efficient. It's too
               | bad they aren't more common, probably due to price,
               | experienced installers, and smaller market (certain
               | install requirements make urban areas less of a
               | candidate). I'd love to have one.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I've been looking into the DIY options in this realm, I
               | may do a project next summer.
        
           | Filligree wrote:
           | > If capacity was only 8kWh, then they could only run all
           | this stuff for maybe 1-2 hours a day.
           | 
           | I think the correct reading is they'd be able to run it for
           | 1-2 hours, once. Presumably it's all powered off a bank of AA
           | batteries. ;-)
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | He's using some pretty heavy duty prismatic Lithium Ion
             | cells.
        
               | Filligree wrote:
               | Then presumably it's 8 kW. I wonder what the base rating
               | of the solar panels is; it might be 60-70 kW.
               | 
               | (If it's just the panels shown in the photo, then those
               | are probably 8kW on a sunny day.)
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | 26 panels at 300 W / panel is indeed about 7.8KW with
               | some leeway if it is cold they will do a bit better and
               | when it's warm they'll do a bit worse. Rural Canada is
               | quite far North, so your sunlight will not quite reach
               | the 1KW/square meter that you can expect elsewhere due to
               | the longer path the light needs to take through the
               | atmosphere which causes some attenuation.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Capacity factor of a renewables system is usually around 20 to
         | 30%.
        
         | Filligree wrote:
         | Better throw in a backup generator for the backup generator, as
         | well. They're mechanical devices, and fail a lot.
         | 
         | Solar panels typically produce 10-15% of their normal power if
         | it's cloudy. Adding a wind turbine or two can do a lot to make
         | up for that, but then there's winter...
         | 
         | I'd very much like to see what their thoughts are in a year.
        
           | MaKey wrote:
           | Adding a small wind turbine is usually not worth it. They
           | need a lot of wind to produce any meaningful energy output
           | while costing a few thousand $. So unless you go really big,
           | you'd be better off adding more solar panels.
        
       | stefan_ wrote:
       | > Combined, the system produces eight kilowatt hours
       | 
       | Can they start educating journalists about power and energy, in
       | university or whatever internships they do? It is really not that
       | difficult.
        
         | gameswithgo wrote:
         | Could industry quit using power times time as a unit of energy
         | and just use joules?
        
           | koheripbal wrote:
           | This would only make sense if all devices started listing
           | power consumption in joules per hour, instead of watts.
        
             | upofadown wrote:
             | Watts are joules per second. So power consumption would
             | still be in Watts. A kWh, or in other words a 1000 Watts
             | for an hour, is 1000 * 60 * 60 = 3600000 joules. So in
             | practice people would use Mj (Megajoules) and save a
             | syllable.
        
           | bregma wrote:
           | kWH is a more consumer-friendly unit since it's easier to
           | calculate that a 100 Watt light bulb run for 10 hours
           | consumes 1 kWH and you would just multiply by the cents-per-
           | kilowatt-hour billing rate to find out how much it costs. If
           | you were billed by the joule you'd need to divide by 3.6
           | times the rate. Or is it multiply by 3.6 divided by the rate?
           | Do you subtract the 32 before or after?
        
             | upofadown wrote:
             | Any consumer that knows that "k" means 1000 is going to
             | know how to figure out how many seconds there are in an
             | hour/day/year. There is endless confusion caused by the
             | double use of time in kWh that this article is an example
             | of. There is little doubt that using the base unit would be
             | better.
        
           | chithanh wrote:
           | What? If you were unaware, 1 J = 1 Ws
           | 
           | Besides, considering the food industry in most countries will
           | not even get rid of kcal where there exist zero reason to use
           | that unit, I don't think so.
        
             | ginko wrote:
             | >1 J = 1 Ws
             | 
             | Yes, because watts are defined joules per second. Joule is
             | the SI base unit.
        
               | chithanh wrote:
               | No, Joule is not among the SI base units.
        
         | ako wrote:
         | Just because you teach it, doesn't mean people remember or
         | understand it. I had Latin in highschool, but wouldn't be able
         | to translate a single Latin sentence today...
        
           | joeberon wrote:
           | Indeed, and even educated people might not grasp it. I'm a
           | doctor in quantum physics and honestly I find electronics
           | almost always impossible to understand.
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | If Engineers are teached humanities. Why not humanities are
         | teached STEM... Like basics of math, physics, chemistry,
         | engineering and son on... Would in general make our society
         | better if everyone understood these things.
        
           | jerf wrote:
           | People _are_ taught the basics of STEM. At least here in the
           | US.
           | 
           | It just doesn't stick.
        
           | tremon wrote:
           | Are you suggesting engineers aren't taught the basics of
           | reading, writing, perspective, and so on?
        
           | dbetteridge wrote:
           | 'taught', you can have 'teach' or 'teaches' but not 'teached'
           | 
           | And in theory the basics of those should be covered in high-
           | school.
        
           | jessriedel wrote:
           | Based on personal experience, I don't think it's a symmetric
           | deficit. Just as an example: at lots (most?) colleges, you
           | _must_ take (or test out of) a foreign language to graduate,
           | but it 's fine to not take calculus.
           | 
           | And in any case, a journalist covering a technical subject
           | should have a basic understanding of units. It's really
           | elementary stuff.
        
           | mywittyname wrote:
           | MIT had a course called Physics for Future Presidents. Which
           | is basically a primer of the major topics in science.
        
           | ketzu wrote:
           | Aren't those basic high school topics?
        
             | Ekaros wrote:
             | They should be. Maybe just need to apply standards to high
             | schools and not allow graduation without certain sufficient
             | baseline... Which currently clearly is too low in many
             | countries.
        
           | rjzzleep wrote:
           | Last time I interviewed someone in the US, they actually did
           | do that in the first terms in the IT Bachelor because
           | apparently there is no common standard across US high
           | schools.
           | 
           | But given how many of the investors in the UK actually study
           | humanities at Oxford I'm not sure what you're trying to
           | accomplish there. Unless you really believe that studying
           | humanities somehow makes you a more moral human being that
           | then doesn't go on to destroy the world, which clearly isn't
           | the case.
           | 
           | And for reference Boris Johnson studied classics at Oxford,
           | fucked a dead pig as part of a fraternity initiation ceremony
           | and is now doing his best to dismantle public healthcare in
           | the UK. So I don't think the "make our society better"
           | statement holds any value.
           | 
           | EDIT: comment below is right, it was David Cameron, not Boris
           | Johnson. And he studied Philosophy, Politics and Economics.
           | So while the last paragraph is half correct and half mixed in
           | with Boris Johnsons history, both of them have been working
           | hard on selling off the NHS. Boris also hasn't started as
           | many wars. So, I guess Boris is better on a relative scale?
        
             | thedailymail wrote:
             | Nitpicking, but wasn't it David Cameron who fucked a dead
             | pig?
        
             | MadeThisToReply wrote:
             | What wars did David Cameron start? You sure you're not
             | thinking of Tony Blair?
             | 
             | Incidentally, Cameron is far from the only UK politician to
             | have studied PPE at Oxford. An alarmingly high number of
             | our leaders are products of that one degree program at one
             | university [0] - which suggests that this program deserves
             | a lot more public scrutiny than it gets, given the shoddy
             | results it seems to produce!
             | 
             | [0] https://www.theguardian.com/education/2017/feb/23/ppe-
             | oxford...
        
           | notafraudster wrote:
           | Humanities degrees almost always require both 1-2 mathematics
           | courses and 1-2 science courses, and they're almost always
           | fulfilled with complementary electives e.g. "rocks for jocks"
           | type material, the same way engineers fulfill their
           | complementary electives with blowoff courses that cater to
           | their preferences.
        
           | joeberon wrote:
           | Engineers are not taught humanities here in the UK, and I'm
           | sure that's also true in many other countries
        
             | ericd wrote:
             | MIT requires it of everyone, but Economics fulfills the
             | requirement (and it's a popular route, since you get a bit
             | of basic algebra homework instead of paper writing).
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Depends what you mean by "taught humanities" I guess.
             | 
             | For my engineering degree in the US, I certainly took non-
             | engineering/science courses as part of a distribution
             | requirement and took various other courses and did various
             | other activities as well. Among other things,
             | communications has been a key part of my career track.
        
               | joeberon wrote:
               | During an engineering degree in the UK you will not be
               | required (or even usually _have the possibility_ ) of
               | doing a non-engineering module
        
               | randac wrote:
               | I think the only module I took that was close to this,
               | for CompSci in UK, was on technical writing.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Literally zero of my degree modules (BEng Software
               | Engineering, Aberystwyth) were non-software engineering.
               | 
               | But the UK does all of education differently to the USA,
               | or at least it did when I went thought it: mandatory up
               | to the age of 16 where you got approximately a dozen
               | GCSEs, then two years doing A-levels (3, 3.5, or 4), then
               | you go up to university. The only mandatory requirement
               | to do humanities was in the GCSEs.
        
           | throwaway210222 wrote:
           | Probably because most are too dumb to pass it.
           | 
           | Before you down-vote: ask what their high school STEM grades
           | are?
        
         | aspaceman wrote:
         | They have to take the same elementary physics class we all took
         | in high school. It's just too "hard" to actually care. They
         | remember work and energy are things, but it's just not worth
         | caring about to them.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | Lack of understanding by journalists is pretty common across
         | many topics. Many times they oversimplify, don't show the whole
         | picture, and get things wrong. I see it quite often in a
         | variety of stories.
        
           | ldiracdelta wrote:
           | And when you _don 't_ see journalistic incompetence, you
           | _may_ be suffering from Gell-Mann Amnesia, as Michael
           | Crichton spoke about:
           | 
           | https://web.archive.org/web/20070714204136/http://www.michae.
           | ..
        
             | ldiracdelta wrote:
             | """
             | 
             | Briefly stated, the Gell-Mann Amnesia effect works as
             | follows. You open the newspaper to an article on some
             | subject you know well. In Murray's case, physics. In mine,
             | show business. You read the article and see the journalist
             | has absolutely no understanding of either the facts or the
             | issues. Often, the article is so wrong it actually presents
             | the story backward-reversing cause and effect. I call these
             | the "wet streets cause rain" stories. Paper's full of them.
             | 
             | In any case, you read with exasperation or amusement the
             | multiple errors in a story-and then turn the page to
             | national or international affairs, and read with renewed
             | interest as if the rest of the newspaper was somehow more
             | accurate about far-off Palestine than it was about the
             | story you just read. You turn the page, and forget what you
             | know.
             | 
             | That is the Gell-Mann Amnesia effect. I'd point out it does
             | not operate in other arenas of life. In ordinary life, if
             | somebody consistently exaggerates or lies to you, you soon
             | discount everything they say. In court, there is the legal
             | doctrine of falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus, which means
             | untruthful in one part, untruthful in all.
             | 
             | But when it comes to the media, we believe against evidence
             | that it is probably worth our time to read other parts of
             | the paper. When, in fact, it almost certainly isn't. The
             | only possible explanation for our behavior is amnesia.
             | 
             | """
        
         | adriand wrote:
         | I was reading a book about nutrition recently and the author
         | was relating the remarkable health benefits of herbs, even
         | dried ones. She went on to state that were you to eat an entire
         | cup of dried basil - not that you would - you'd get 2,113 grams
         | of calcium. Yes that's right, 2 kg of minerals in a fluffy cup
         | of dried basil flakes! A miracle of nutrition indeed.
        
           | weird-eye-issue wrote:
           | By my math it should be roughly 1.6 grams of calcium in a cup
           | of dried basil. I was curious for some reason and had to
           | check
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Assuming < 2 KG of basil went in I'm pretty curious about the
           | transmutation effect here. Surely some scientist has looked
           | into this.
        
           | andreareina wrote:
           | Reminds me of a factoid that claimed spinach was 80% protein
           | or some absurd number like that. Turned out that 80% of the
           | calories you get from spinach come from protein, but of
           | course 80% of a tiny number remains a tiny number.
        
           | GordonS wrote:
           | I'm getting off topic here, but I just checked and 1 US cup
           | of basil is around 20 grams - I regularly make a pesto that
           | has around 25g per serving!
           | 
           | Mind, that's for fresh basil and you mentioned dried, I don't
           | know how to convert those weights.
        
           | dotancohen wrote:
           | > you'd get 2,113 grams of calcium
           | 
           | Perhaps the author was using the comma as the decimal
           | separator? I know that the Norwegians do this.
        
             | MadeThisToReply wrote:
             | Most countries/languages use a comma as the decimal
             | separator - it's the English-speaking world that's unusual
             | for using a dot.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decimal_separator#/media/File
             | :...
        
               | anonporridge wrote:
               | The map you linked suggests that dots are standard in
               | both China and India as well, which probably means that
               | the majority of humans and economic energy use dots not
               | commas.
        
             | anonporridge wrote:
             | I assume any translation service would account for this.
             | 
             | As far as I know, commas as the decimal separator aren't
             | used anywhere in the English world. Although, perhaps the
             | author was not a native speaker, but still personally
             | writing in English and made the mistake.
        
             | seanw444 wrote:
             | 2,113 grams seems totally reasonable.
        
               | revax wrote:
               | With too many significant digits though.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | I wouldn't expect a non-engineering journalist to
               | understand or care about sig figs, nor does it matter
        
             | mywittyname wrote:
             | That's a lot of sig-figs.
        
       | tomohawk wrote:
       | I've had a grid tied solar system for 15+ years. With the
       | enormous tax subsidies back then, it's broken even. There's about
       | a 1.5% decrease per year in production. I'll have to replace the
       | whole thing sometime in the next 5 years.
       | 
       | This article paints a very rosy picture of what to expect. In a
       | non-grid-tied system, you have to deal with batteries and a bunch
       | of other issues. This is not cheap. And it is a recurring
       | maintenance cost. Are you going to do that maintenance every few
       | months yourself, or pay someone to do it?
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | For anyone doing this, please bear in mind that if you want to be
       | able to just use anything electrical anytime, you'll need a
       | _very_ expensive setup.
       | 
       | Most people off grid need to be keeping a constant eye on their
       | battery levels of charge, and do things like only using the
       | washing machine on sunny days.
       | 
       | Certain appliances like tumble driers, electric showers, and fan
       | heaters, you pretty much can't have.
        
         | mrjangles wrote:
         | You just need a diesel engine fill the gaps.
        
         | m0ngr31 wrote:
         | I'm off grid and have all of those things. I don't worry about
         | battery level because I have an appropriately sized system.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | True, you can't waste your power. But it isn't all that
         | expensive (the prices of solar have come down tremendously) and
         | there are now good and relatively inexpensive solutions for
         | storage. It's still more work than a grid hookup, but it is
         | absolutely doable if you are willing to adjust your lifestyle
         | just a bit. A woodstove with a heat exchanger and you'll have
         | all the domestic hot water that you'll ever need. Fan heaters
         | are ridiculously wasteful and shouldn't be used (in general:
         | electric heat should not be used).
        
         | heresie-dabord wrote:
         | It's good to be aware of energy consumption. It requires
         | planning and a concern for efficiency.
         | 
         | These habits seem difficult to inject into popular thinking
         | until there is economic pressure. Human populations have
         | consumed entire forests to burn wood just to cook and to stay
         | warm. Electricity is a superior solution, but the same
         | primitive, wasteful habits remain.
         | 
         | In other words, for all the people "on the grid", the challenge
         | is to unlearn wasteful consumer habits and conditioning. Their
         | homes are full of devices and AC adaptors that draw power when
         | idle. The combustion engine itself is very poor in efficiency,
         | but the high energy density of petrol masks the cost.
         | 
         | People prefer not having to think about the energy cost and
         | environmental cost. A challenge in the area of EV adoption, for
         | example, is that people expect not to need to concern
         | themselves with expenditure. Those who drive an EV need to be
         | aware of the energy cost of driving (e.g. heating, cooling,
         | tire inflation, load) and of the advantage of combining trips.
         | 
         | Is it all "too hard"? Well, the period of "energy luxury" has
         | brought us to an ecological crisis.
        
           | ativzzz wrote:
           | Telling people to reduce their quality of life in order to
           | combat climate change is a fruitless endeavor. It will simply
           | not happen unless a crisis forces us to.
           | 
           | I would consider anything short of new tech that allows us to
           | continue increasing our quality of life while simultaneously
           | improving ecological conditions a failure.
        
             | MattGaiser wrote:
             | And there are other alternatives in a resource crisis. Most
             | notably, the fear with water is not that we will starve,
             | but that one country will be forced to kill the users in
             | another country over it.
             | 
             | So a crisis forcing reduced usage is after he have
             | examined/tried killing the other humans using the resource.
             | 
             | Not a pleasant thought, but reality.
        
       | jeffrallen wrote:
       | Totally different context, but somewhat same story. The estimate
       | for network hookup plus meter, panel, and car charger
       | installation for me is CHF 6000. The difference in charging cost
       | between public chargers and home charging is 20 cents a kWh. The
       | payoff time for home charging would be a decade or more. Instead
       | I'll continue using "expensive" public charging until I can
       | afford to make an off grid car charger in my garage.
       | 
       | Network connection costs are a necessary evil of legacy power
       | networks. But paradoxically, they accelerate the financial un-
       | viability of the legacy network, by making off grid way, way more
       | financially viable.
        
       | brody_hamer wrote:
       | Not mentioned in this article is that Hydro One also charges
       | rural ontarians a "delivery fee", which is about 2x the price of
       | your usage.
       | 
       | So you might pay 6 to 14 cents per kWh, but your bill will be 3
       | times that amount.
       | 
       | The delivery fee is also completely opaque: there's no
       | explanation to determine how it's calculated, other than a brief
       | text saying "a portion of this fee is fixed, and a portion
       | depends on your usage". But I haven't been able to derive those
       | values. If the formula for this delivery fee is something like
       | '$xx + $yy*kWh'; then it appears these x and y values are not
       | static.
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | So delivery is for wires, transmission, operations and safety
         | (see wildfire maintenance as an example in CA). So whenever
         | anyone new connects to the grid the cost will get defrayed
         | through this mechanism. My theory is the more that people are
         | becoming more effective at avoiding high generation fees the
         | utilities will transfer the costs to the delivery fee
         | increasing it over time to ensure they continue to get revenue.
         | 
         | Generation is for the portion generated - which will likely go
         | up with the surge in commodity prices this year - except since
         | you are paying retail rates it will take longer you aren't
         | immediately exposed to whole electricity prices and the costs
         | of electricity are also political issues in Ontario to a small
         | degree.
         | 
         | Also in Ontario we sell power at a loss to Michigan (mainly
         | because of overproduction of our Nuclear facilities). Its a
         | real boondoggle.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | I talked to someone in the power company at some point and they
         | said it is a function of how far away you are to the nearest
         | generating point. That could be a tale though, but it made some
         | sense.
        
           | xmaayy wrote:
           | Thats odd, because I'm facing the same 2-3x markup and I live
           | about 2KM from an active hydro dam.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Ugh. That's a ridiculous surcharge.
        
         | xmaayy wrote:
         | It could be that it is the formula you state "$xx + $yy*kWh",
         | but you're getting variable amounts of power from different
         | generation stations throughout a month that then all have a
         | different x and y value
        
           | lostmsu wrote:
           | That reminds me of money generating mechanic in Transport
           | Tycoon Deluxe, where the further away goods production and
           | consumption are, the higher is price for delivering. Even if
           | there is a much closer source for the customer you just send
           | the train from a factory on the other side of the map and
           | charge for distance.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | Are there 'mini-grids' that off-grid people can use to connect
       | one another?
       | 
       | By connecting everyone's houses together, even with relatively
       | low capacity cable, everyone should get more reliability (an
       | inverter or battery bank can fail and it doesn't matter), and
       | more energy availability (if I use more energy than I generate
       | one day, but someone else uses less, that's okay).
       | 
       | I'm imagining it could be as simple as a few hundred meters of
       | cable with regular 110v plugs on the end, and a box of
       | electronics that can push power in either direction as needed for
       | balancing.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | This is made explicitly illegal in many places. I've looked
         | into this when I was still heavily in renewables and depending
         | on where you are crossing your lot lines with power supplied to
         | another lot that doesn't have a grid hook-up can be a problem.
         | Of course, when the power goes out everybody does this anyway
         | (from generator or off-grid installation to the neighbors
         | freezer, for instance). But for a permanent hook-up I have not
         | seen it.
        
       | bob1029 wrote:
       | I am working on a partial off-grid solution for my new home. I
       | went through the TX winter storm and don't want to get caught
       | with pants down again.
       | 
       | My strategy is to have a sub panel installed which runs the most
       | critical loads:                 Main Panel         - 150A
       | - 50A A/C          - 50A Kitchen Range         - 30A Dryer
       | - 30A Oven         - 100A Sub-panel bypass         - 30A
       | Inverter/Charger         - 50A Generator backfeed (Interlock w/
       | 150A Main)            Sub Panel         - 100A          - 30A
       | 220V Inverter backfeed (Interlock w/ 100A Main)         - 20A
       | Furnace/Blower (this is the key bit for TX winter)         - All
       | lighting/bedroom/office/internet loads         - Kitchen 120V
       | outlets + fridge         - Garage 120V (doors, etc)
       | 
       | In normal operation, the Main Panel would be fed by the grid,
       | with the Sub Panel fed by the inverter backfeed. The inverter
       | will operate in bypass mode if grid power is available.
       | Otherwise, batteries will be drawn from seamlessly. The sub-panel
       | bypass (i.e. 100A sub panel main) would only be turned on if
       | there was some issue with the inverter setup.
       | 
       | This effectively puts this most important parts of my house on a
       | ~double-conversion UPS setup. I am not that worried about losing
       | HVAC compressor, range, or laundry capabilities during a grid
       | outage. If it gets really desperate, I could still wheel in my
       | 12kW generator and run a load of laundry while the inverter
       | charges things up. The reason I want to run inverter full-time is
       | because we get shitty brownouts almost every day.
       | 
       | I am planning to use a 6kW inverter to run the sub panel. Still
       | debating on the # of batteries to use, but I am going to start
       | with enough to run 12 hours before I need generator.
       | 
       | And yes, I looked at Tesla power wall. I am not made of money. I
       | am going to have this whole house UPS deal done for <8000 USD.
       | 
       | Finally, back-feeding panels is acceptable per code around my
       | parts as long as you follow all the rules (e.g. actually install
       | the interlocks). This is definitely a more grey area, but its
       | also one of those things that is super easy to back-out if you
       | are going to sell the house.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | "And yes, I looked at Tesla power wall. I am not made of
         | money."
         | 
         | Well, if you were ma of of money, would you commit
         | autocannibalism? Otherwise, the cost is quite reasonable
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | I was one of those. The bigger - and hidden - advantage to me was
       | that my homebrew power setup (16 solar panels + a 2 KW windmill
       | with a backup generator, and 48 KWh of batteries) was much more
       | reliable than what Ontario Hydro & Power sold.
       | 
       | The fees are one thing, having your freezer contents spoiled a
       | couple of times per year gets old really quickly, and in rural
       | Ontario having a well stocked freezer is not optional. Especially
       | in the winter the power would go out so frequently it was a
       | serious limitation. Coming from NL, where powerfailures are so
       | rare that they make the news when they happen this was one of
       | those little things that I found it hard to adapt to. When the
       | power in Canada fails you are in immediate trouble, your heater
       | and sump pump no longer work, you risk all kinds of follow on
       | damage.
       | 
       | So reliable power wasn't a luxury and it was relatively easy to
       | get that sorted out to a degree that cutting the cord was a
       | logical next step (because a grid connected system is supposed to
       | shut down when the power fails, the only way out is to stop being
       | grid connected).
       | 
       | Apropos high fees: the power company wanted some exorbitant fee
       | for disconnecting us (the opposite of a connection fee), I asked
       | them quite friendly what would happen if I shorted out the wires,
       | 15 minutes later a truck came and someone pulled the road side
       | fuses for free ;)
        
         | rexreed wrote:
         | Do you have any blog posts and pictures of your setup? I'm
         | quite curious to hear how it is working!
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | There are quite a few posts about this, it was working
           | splendidly right up to the point where I moved back to
           | Europe.
           | 
           | https://jacquesmattheij.com/how-to-build-a-windmill/
           | 
           | https://jacquesmattheij.com/how-to-build-a-windmill-ii/
        
             | olau wrote:
             | I really enjoyed reading the first post about how you went
             | about it. Impressive.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Thank you, that was a lot of fun. Current project:
               | maximum range e-bike :)
        
             | rexreed wrote:
             | Cool. I always wondered why you chose St. Josephs Island to
             | settle from Europe. Solar costs have certainly gone down
             | since then.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | They're a fraction of what they used to be, the panels
               | that I bought back then you can now have for 20% of the
               | price or so. Funny enough, installation costs have gone
               | through the roof so effectively you still pay just the
               | same for the total installation unless you do it
               | yourself. You'd expect that increased competition would
               | drive down installation costs but it didn't really work
               | out that way. I'd stay away from movable panels, it was a
               | lot of work to put it in and cost quite a bit, for that
               | money you can now buy _far_ more panels which more than
               | offsets the ability to aim them better.
               | 
               | Installing a windmill is something that I would not
               | advise for novel installations unless you have a lot of
               | room around you and quite a bit of spare time. Windmills,
               | compared to solar are finicky devices and require a lot
               | of thinking to get them right, solar power is much
               | simpler.
               | 
               | The 'DIY powerwall' scene has turned recycling Li-Ion
               | batteries into an art form, not all of it is done safely
               | but some of the results are quite impressive, battery
               | power too is now a fraction of what it cost back then and
               | the life-span has gone up considerably, with more and
               | more interesting options right around the corner.
        
               | rexreed wrote:
               | Thanks for the detailed answers! As for location, how/why
               | did you end up at St. Joseph Island?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | When moving to Canada I didn't know much about the
               | country so I rented a car in Toronto and drove out West
               | all the way to Vancouver and back stopping along the road
               | every hour or so to see what it was like there. St.
               | Josephs Island really stood out from that trip so that's
               | where I ended up.
               | 
               | I got blackballed for life at Avis for that stunt, they
               | had an 'unlimited mileage' two week offer for very little
               | money, they gave me a brand new car, I averaged 1000 per
               | day or so :)
        
               | MerelyMortal wrote:
               | Did you have to take it in or swap, so the car could get
               | an oil change?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I just returned it at the end of the two week period.
               | 
               | It was nicely broken in by then.
        
         | eatbitseveryday wrote:
         | > rural Ontario having a well stocked freezer is not optional.
         | Especially in the winter the power would go out so frequently
         | it was a serious limitation.
         | 
         | This sucks, but is it not cold enough to put freezer items
         | outside?
        
           | kache_ wrote:
           | You try lugging a whole deer's worth of venison outside to
           | the snow every time your power goes out
        
             | forinti wrote:
             | I think the idea was to have the freezer permanently in a
             | cold place like a shed attached or very close to the house.
        
               | fknorangesite wrote:
               | Canada also has summer.
        
               | hh3k0 wrote:
               | The solution to that is underground storage (root
               | cellar):
               | 
               | https://www.wired.com/2016/04/store-wine-underground-
               | inside-...
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | No, Canada has only two seasons: winter and construction.
        
               | jdmichal wrote:
               | Everyone always talks about Florida not having seasons.
               | That's a lie. We have four seasons, just like everyone
               | else:
               | 
               | first summer, SUMMER, second summer, and sprautumn.
        
               | forinti wrote:
               | Madrid has 9 months of winter and 3 months of hell (nueve
               | meses de invierno y 3 de infierno).
        
               | squeaky-clean wrote:
               | And now every time you want something from the freezer
               | you have to suit up. And forget grabbing food during a
               | snowstorm.
        
               | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
               | How often are people going in their freezer??? I barely
               | use mine. You grab something, cook up a week's worth of
               | food. If you run out during a snowstorm, you just cook
               | pantry food.
        
               | hypertele-Xii wrote:
               | Are you made of sugar?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Cold storage like that is pretty common in the North (as
               | are raccoon proof locks ;) ), and many people run outdoor
               | woodstoves which require going outside to keep them
               | running at least once every two days or so.
               | 
               | Snowstorms are rare enough, even in Northern Canada that
               | you can usually wait it out. If it lasts for days then
               | that's a different story, but I only recall one multi-day
               | blizzard over the five years that I was there.
        
             | colechristensen wrote:
             | A chest freezer in a garage or porch solves this problem
             | and will stay safely cold for days.
        
             | windowsrookie wrote:
             | Sure, that should take less than 20 minutes and I'd get my
             | workout in for the day.
        
             | smnrchrds wrote:
             | Also, are there not bears in rural Ontario? If there are
             | bears (or other large predator animals) in the environment,
             | putting food outside can be very dangerous.
        
               | gpm wrote:
               | Only black bears, even in summer they're dangerous to the
               | food, but not really that dangerous to you (as long as
               | you act reasonably). Racoons are more dangerous to food,
               | too.
               | 
               | There are bear proof barrels, which are frequently used
               | for camping (and I'm not sure if I'd bet on them against
               | a bear, but they keep racoons out), or if you don't have
               | them you can tie your food up a tree and that does a
               | pretty good job too.
        
               | EngCanMan wrote:
               | Bears aren't usually a problem in the winter, with
               | hibernation and all...
        
             | short12 wrote:
             | I'm hardly the strongest guy in the world but that doesn't
             | listen exactly seem like a very strenuous effort. Am I
             | missing something? Hell I'd probably just keep everything
             | Ina chest freezer in the garage or shed year round located
             | on an external wall
        
               | mixmastamyk wrote:
               | It's pretty darn heavy. The solution of course is to cut
               | it into manageable pieces before freezing.
        
           | scythe wrote:
           | Frozen food is supposed to stay below 0 F (-18 C) [1]. It
           | will be cold outside, but it probably isn't going to stay
           | below 0 F all day every day. For example, the average January
           | high in Timmins, Ontario is +13 F.
           | 
           | 1: https://www.fda.gov/food/buy-store-serve-safe-food/safe-
           | food...
        
         | alex_duf wrote:
         | >because a grid connected system is supposed to shut down when
         | the power fails, the only way out is to stop being grid
         | connected
         | 
         | On that note I believe there are electrical devices that
         | automatically disconnect you from the grid. It allows you to
         | use a battery / solar array to power the house, while not
         | feeding back any power to the grid such that you don't harm
         | anyone trying to fix the grid.
         | 
         | Now whether or not this is allowed is very much dependent on
         | which country you live in.
         | 
         | This video is in the UK and demonstrate such a device:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gP51JjnWvLo
        
           | chiefalchemist wrote:
           | > Now whether or not this is allowed is very much dependent
           | on which country you live in.
           | 
           | So basically, to clarify, you're either 100% on the grid, or
           | 100% off. There's no using both depending on conditions, is
           | that it?
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | In some areas, there is both, but it requires having a
             | correctly installed automatic disconnect, that cuts you off
             | from the grid if the grid loses power.
             | 
             | Many/Most home solar installations do not correctly install
             | one, which can be dangerous to linemen.
        
             | iso1210 wrote:
             | The vehicle I'm currently sat in at the moment has a 32A
             | electrical cable running in the back, currently pulling
             | 2881W into a magic box provided by victron
             | inverter/charger, that is used to charge a battery (which
             | is currently fully charged). That battery is currently
             | being drained at a rate of 2881W to run the equipment (via
             | the inverter back to 230V)
             | 
             | If I pull the 32A cable, everything carries on working (I
             | believe it's a sub-20ms switchover). If the power goes for
             | some other reason it carries on working. The truck can run
             | on a 230V/13A source just as well (although when the aircon
             | is on - not needed currently - we'll be pulling more than
             | 13A so the battery will slowly drain). I can even plug into
             | two different inputs.
             | 
             | Now this is a mobile vehicle, and I'm no electrician, but
             | my understanding is this is perfectly fine -- the victron
             | presumably switches from the grid if the input is lost and
             | doesn't feed anything back into the grid.
             | 
             | Presumably the same setup could be used to power a home
             | instead of several racks of equipment in the back of a
             | truck.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That Victron box has an automatic transfer switch in it,
               | and is certified for permanent grid connection.
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | That depends on your generation capacity and what the rules
             | of your grid are.
             | 
             | If you're capable of producing enough power to run your
             | home most of the time, then being grid connected and buying
             | peak load from the grid itself rather than browning out
             | your own devices might be a worth while tradeoff.
             | 
             | Most of us with grid tied solar installations (like me)
             | transparently buy and sell electricity to and from the grid
             | depending on day conditions. I buy from the grid overnight,
             | and sell excess capacity during the day. Depending on how
             | much electricity you use a battery system will smooth those
             | out, but you need a lot of batteries to eliminate the need
             | completely (OP mentioned 48KWh, which is about 3.5 Power
             | Walls).
             | 
             | In my area the grid is really reliable and fees are low, so
             | buying batteries is not economically viable. I'm currently
             | paying $5.24 per month for a grid tie, which is below my
             | threshold for caring.
        
             | bentcorner wrote:
             | I'm getting a manual transfer switch installed - I live in
             | the city (although it's rural-ish where I live) but we get
             | occasional power outages and it's often enough (and long
             | enough) to be worth the annoyance of getting a generator
             | and switch installed, but not enough for me to shell out
             | big $$$ for a natural gas generator and automatic transfer
             | switch to ensure 100% uptime for my house.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | This works well as long as there is a reasonably high
               | chance of someone being in the building when the power
               | fails. For many rural setups (for instance: weekend
               | cottages) that isn't the case so more and more inverters
               | come with an automatic transfer switch built in or for a
               | small surcharge as an option.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Or if you travel. If I ever get a generator installed
               | (with automatic transfer switch), it would be primarily
               | for the case of a power outage during the winter when I'm
               | not around.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | You can have a backup generator (with a transfer
             | switch)--which many do in more rural areas at least in the
             | US.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | I'm not sure about Ontario, but in many places you can be
             | grid tied which means that you use both. While it is
             | possible to change depending on conditions, the equipment
             | to do that isn't very common. Solar systems are just
             | starting to come out with single outlets that can run while
             | the sun shines without the grid, but that is rare, most
             | assume 100% on grid, or 100% off grid.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | This is called an 'automatic transfer switch', it basically
           | islands your off-grid installation when the power isn't
           | available. As you already mention whether or not it is
           | allowed is dependent on where you live. As it was the
           | electrical inspectors in Northern Ontario were very much in
           | bed with the power companies and typically would find all
           | kinds of reasons to persuade renewable energy builders to let
           | it go and rely on grid power. Given the state of some of the
           | homebrew systems I've seen they probably had a point.
           | 
           | Automatic transfer switches were technically allowed but at
           | the time I didn't know of a single installation in Northern
           | Ontario that got a stamp of approval and was allowed to be
           | operated un-attended in grid connected mode.
           | 
           | There is some risk, but this is usually exaggerated, the
           | theory goes that a lineman should be able to disconnect a
           | segment and then it should be idle, requiring all renewable
           | installations down-grid to disable themselves. As a rule this
           | is fully automatic anyway because all of the grid connected
           | inverters that I'm aware of stop working as soon as the grid
           | fails because they use the grid to supply them with phase and
           | frequency information required to function.
           | 
           | But that wasn't good enough, the installation needed to be
           | _physically_ disconnected from the grid, requiring a very
           | large relay and somehow it then had to reconnect if the grid
           | came back on for a specified minimum amount of time (I forgot
           | the details). By the time I had worked all this out I figured
           | since I 'm going to be in island mode anyway most of the time
           | I may as well take the shortcut, cut the grid entirely
           | (saving a considerable amount of money in the progress) and
           | invest the difference into a nice genset (which I did, a
           | 5.8KW Kubota diesel).
        
             | cduzz wrote:
             | What was the thinking around diesel vs natural gas?
             | 
             | Do you just use heating oil? How do you manage that it has
             | a limited shelf life?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Natural gas was possible but would require more capital
               | up front, a lot more space and a specially prepared site
               | for the tank, annual safety inspections and a place for a
               | 40' truck to deliver it and turn around again (and of
               | course it still required the genset itself). Diesel was
               | by far the easiest solution, especially because we used
               | the generator infrequently and once the windmill was up
               | not at all.
               | 
               | We used wood for heat and limited shelf life for diesel
               | is not an issue at all (it is for ethanol based
               | gasoline).
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | lepton wrote:
               | Natural gas is very likely unavailable in remote areas.
               | Usual fuels would be propane or diesel, which can be
               | trucked in.
        
               | rjsw wrote:
               | From experience, you can get through a couple of big
               | propane tanks per year just using it for cooking.
        
               | tw04 wrote:
               | People seem to think Natural Gas just magically makes its
               | way down the lines. NG requires power as well. If power
               | is out for any period of time you lose natural gas soon
               | after due to compression stations going offline unless
               | you happen to be one of the lucky ones who lives off a
               | branch that is self-powered.
               | 
               | https://geekprepper.com/how-long-will-natural-gas-last-
               | witho...
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | That article is from 2015. The bulk of natural gas
               | infrastructure is self powered these days because
               | declines in gas prices since then have made that a
               | comparatively better option in more places and the
               | natural attrition and upgrade cycle of equipment.
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | I don't think "the bulk" is true.
               | 
               | Last year's deadly winter storm in Texas showed that a
               | lot of natural gas infrastructure does indeed rely on
               | electricity.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | >Last year's deadly winter storm in Texas showed that a
               | lot of natural gas infrastructure does indeed rely on
               | electricity.
               | 
               | This is just a lie.
               | 
               | A bunch of crap in TX froze up because the physical
               | infrastructure was not designed to operate in those
               | temps. When you're compressing and decompressing gasses
               | moisture becomes ice. Their facilities were not designed
               | to prevent icing in low ambient tempts. They had no
               | problem getting power for the most part. Remember,
               | generators are SOP for pretty much all utilities and
               | doubly so anywhere you might get a hurricane (which is a
               | good chunk of TX).
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Being wrong is ok. Being wrong while being belligerent is
               | not ok.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | A snide comment like that coming from you is a strong
               | reminder of why stereotypes exist.
        
               | detaro wrote:
               | Even just the first two google results paint a very
               | different picture, so please bring evidence if you throw
               | around accusations of lying.
               | 
               | https://www.texastribune.org/2021/03/18/texas-winter-
               | storm-b...
               | 
               | > _That meant that Oncor, which delivers power to the
               | Permian Basin -- the state's most productive oil and
               | natural gas basin -- had unwittingly shut off some of the
               | state's power supply when it followed orders to begin the
               | outages._
               | 
               | > _When Texas deregulated its electricity market in the
               | early 2000s, making supply and demand the primary forces
               | for the price of power and increasing competition,
               | wholesale power prices fell. That made it cheaper to
               | electrify natural gas compressor stations and other
               | equipment rather than the traditional method of using the
               | natural gas produced in the field to run the compressor's
               | turbines or engines, energy experts said._
               | 
               | https://www.spglobal.com/platts/en/market-
               | insights/latest-ne...
               | 
               | > _Much the the state 's natural gas production and
               | processing were struggling during the storm even before
               | they lost power because of the weather, causing problems
               | at the wellhead and the plants. But the failures were
               | exacerbated by widespread power outages in the Permian
               | Basin and Eagle Ford Shale, creating gaps where the gas
               | could not be delivered to the gas-fired power plants that
               | desperately needed supplies to generate electricity._
               | 
               | > _At the peak, more than half of the state 's natural
               | gas supplies were knocked offline by power losses,
               | according to ERCOT, causing at least 20% of the total
               | power outages during the week._
        
               | beerandt wrote:
               | (New) Compressor stations now must now be electrically
               | powered to get permitted by the federal forces that be.
               | (With very few exceptions.)
               | 
               | Even replacing compressors that were self powered now
               | need to be electric.
               | 
               | It doesn't make any sense, except that it's another
               | regulatory expense resulting in both higher cost and less
               | reliability.
        
               | cduzz wrote:
               | Oh, sorry, I didn't actually mean "natural gas that comes
               | from a magic pipe" -- I meant propane that sits in a big
               | tank in the backyard. I know intellectually that they're
               | different gases, probably with different numbers of
               | carbons in the molecule, but I have the bad habit of
               | using them interchangeably....
               | 
               | In the "rural" areas I spend the most time in (cape cod,
               | not exactly rural but also with sketchy utilities) people
               | mostly have generators running off of big (well, probably
               | medium sized) propane tanks that I imagine may also be
               | used for cooking / heating as well.
               | 
               | I'm more curious about the stability of the fuel over the
               | long term if it isn't cycled often, where I imagine
               | propane / NG has an advantage, but I guess if you're
               | using it as backup to solar and wind, there's an
               | expectation that you'll go through a couple tanks a
               | winter regardless so stability isn't as much of an issue.
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | Propane and methane are very different, and you should be
               | careful about the differences if you use either. Propane
               | is almost always sold as liquefied propane gas (LPG) at a
               | relatively low pressure, whereas natural gas is almost
               | always sold in its pressurized or compressed gaseous
               | form. The most important difference is that if you have a
               | natural gas leak, it will 'float' in the air, and
               | dissipate; propane will (dangerously) 'sink', and pool
               | around the source, and is liable to explode. Indoor
               | propane installations should always have at least one
               | propane detector.
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | LPG stands for liquified _petroleum_ gas, which is
               | sometimes just propane:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquefied_petroleum_gas
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | > Propane and methane are very different, and you should
               | be careful about the differences if you use either.
               | 
               | Also be careful to note that "natural gas" is _mostly_
               | methane but with a significant mix of heavier
               | hydrocarbons too.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | In practice the lineman risk isn't as real as it seems at
             | first. Odds are when the lineman shutdowns a segment, if
             | your system tries to supply power there are enough other
             | people on the segment that you will trip your local
             | overload protection and isolate the grid.
             | 
             | I don't blame lineman for not wanting to trust that though.
             | My understanding is their practice is to always short out
             | the line when working on them as that is the only way to be
             | 100% sure it isn't live. (note that linemen work on live
             | lines all the time, but when they need a dead line they
             | ensure it is dead)
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Agreed. But given what I've seen in some off-grid
               | installations I really don't blame them. And I have seen
               | one installation that tried to supply all of Ontario when
               | it didn't go off-line as it should have, that wasn't a
               | really pretty sight. The inverter died quite
               | spectacularly, judging by the scorch marks on the wall
               | above it, all of the magic smoke had definitely gone out
               | of that one.
        
             | beezle wrote:
             | Just adding from an experience researching solar for a
             | condo development - if you want the fire department to try
             | to save your house, you need to be able to cut the panels
             | off, grid connection or not.
             | 
             | Likewise, putting panels on both sides of the roof makes it
             | difficult, if not impossible, to vent a fire through the
             | roof. The figures are ever changing, but the additional
             | weight of many panels can also be a consideration when
             | fighting a fire.
             | 
             | Really urge anyone considering adding solar panels on their
             | home to speak with their local fire/ems prior to
             | installation/signing a contract to be sure you know their
             | requirements (and in many places this is still evolving).
        
               | darknavi wrote:
               | I am not familiar with house fires or how to fight them.
               | 
               | > putting panels on both sides of the roof makes it
               | difficult, if not impossible, to vent a fire through the
               | roof.
               | 
               | If a fire is bad enough to need to be vented from a hole
               | in the roof, wouldn't the building likely be lost
               | already?
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | Even if the building is lost, the firefighters still want
               | to put it out to keep it from spreading.
               | 
               | A few weeks ago, the Mount Charleston Lodge in Las Vegas
               | burned to the ground. Firefighters put most of their
               | effort into saving the surrounding national forest.
        
               | Cerium wrote:
               | Not in my experience. There was a fire in the third floor
               | unit of a building I was living in (one floor up and one
               | unit over). It was a three floor building, so that was a
               | roof unit. The firefighters cut vent holes and were able
               | to contain the damage to that unit.
        
               | stickfigure wrote:
               | If you're building condos, you aren't in a rural area.
               | 
               | In my rural area, everyone ground mounts because space is
               | cheap. I'm a volunteer firefighter and so far none of the
               | trainings have mentioned solar (venting roofs yes). But
               | then, we joke that we'll arrive just in time to put out
               | your foundation.
        
             | reaperducer wrote:
             | Reminds me of the days when you needed written permission
             | from the telco in order to connect a fax machine or modem
             | to the phone line. I remember standing in line at the local
             | phone company office and explaining to a nice chain-smoking
             | office lady (you could still smoke in windowless offices in
             | those days) what a "modem" was and why I wanted to plug one
             | into their sacred network.
        
             | mindslight wrote:
             | I believe that inverters with integrated transfer switches
             | are more common these days, due to the popularity of
             | battery systems like Powerwall. I was reading the manual
             | for one, and it had both a grid connection (to your main
             | panel), and a "protected power" connection for a subpanel
             | that will remain powered regardless of grid power.
             | 
             | They must still have some kind of internal transfer switch
             | (as opposed to double conversion), but I would think as a
             | single listed device with anti-islanding, they would be a
             | lot easier sell to an inspector. Then again that AHJ sounds
             | a bit dodgy ( _" specified minimum amount of time"_) so
             | maybe they're still resisting.
        
             | briffle wrote:
             | Automatic Transfer switches are very common in Server Rooms
             | and datacenters where there is a Generator in use. I'm not
             | sure why they are not more common in Solar. I have a parent
             | with a full house generator that also has a Automatic
             | Transfer Switch, its essentially right above the breaker
             | box. the breaker box either gets power from the generator,
             | OR from the power company, never both. When power comes
             | back on, the ATS senses it, and sends a signal to the
             | generator after 30 seconds or so that it is switching over,
             | and to shut down.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Grid tied home solar is usually about economics (and
               | sometimes happy feelings), not reliability.
               | 
               | If you want automatic transfer, you need to add storage,
               | and a more complex inverter that can operate in bridge
               | tied and island mode, and that cuts into the economics.
               | You might also need to get more panels to handle
               | projected loads during projected outages, but most net
               | metering tarrifs I've seen won't compensate you if you
               | over generate.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I can assure you that reliability factors in heavily in
               | Grid tied home solar.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | That must depend on the area.
               | 
               | People in the Netherlands or the UK have reliable power
               | anyway, but there are still some home solar
               | installations.
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | That varies greatly. In my area, the grid is extremely
               | reliable. I rarely see systems that are setup to handle
               | outages as the cost isn't really worth it on its own.
        
             | Throwawayaerlei wrote:
             | Here in the US Midwest I recently observed some crews
             | repairing a fault just upstream of me, and the last thing
             | they did before reconnecting to upstream of that fault was
             | disconnecting a set of yellow cables which were obviously
             | grounding the downstream wires.
        
               | brianwawok wrote:
               | Layers of protection. Laws on what can backfeed into the
               | grid, ground the wires, wear safety gear. No different
               | than in computer science using both a firewall AND
               | salting your password. The more layers, the less likely 1
               | mistake gets you.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Exactly. If you want to get fired in a hurry from any
               | utility or large plant: override someone else's lock-out.
               | If they don't beat you into a coma first.
        
           | ashtonkem wrote:
           | Not even which country, which sub-entity within your country.
           | Here in America it's going to vary on a state by state basis.
        
         | rdli wrote:
         | I've been interested in how to do this -- in particular, how
         | you tie in your solar inverter, windmill, and batteries
         | together. Are you using AC to tie everything together, or are
         | you able to use DC everywhere until you use it?
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | AC as much as you can. Wiring thickness quickly becomes a
           | limiting factor so you site your inverters right next to your
           | battery banks and you keep your solar voltage as high as your
           | inverter allows you to (up to 400V these days).
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | You can do it either way.
           | 
           | Tying together with DC usually works out cheaper, since MPPT
           | tracking buck converters to charge the batteries are cheaper
           | than having extra inverter capacity.
           | 
           | As a bonus, you can buy quite a lot of 12V DC equipment made
           | for cars and caravans which tends to be a lot more energy
           | efficient.
        
           | MisterTea wrote:
           | Modern systems with multiple DC sources are usually all tied
           | to a common DC bus (24-60V depending) that is parallel with
           | the batteries. Devices called charge controllers take the
           | unregulated DC from a DC source (PV, Wind, hydro...) and
           | output a constant voltage which can be used to charge the
           | batteries or be directly consumed by the inverters. The
           | inverter takes care of tying the DC bus to the AC side of
           | things including the grid and/or generator. Modern DC tied
           | inverters perform multiple functions as they can be
           | programmed to use AC or DC as the source, charge the
           | batteries and even feed power back into the grid.
        
         | vinay427 wrote:
         | > Coming from NL
         | 
         | Given the Canadian context, do you mean the Netherlands or
         | Newfoundland and Labrador?
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Netherlands.
        
           | mytdi wrote:
           | Oh, I had assumed Newfoundland and Labrador because of, as
           | you say, the Canadian context. So it was actually
           | Netherlands.
        
           | nervousvarun wrote:
           | > When the power in Canada fails you...
           | 
           | I think contextually the very next sentence gives you your
           | answer here.
        
           | Pet_Ant wrote:
           | In a latter comment he says he moved "back to Europe" and
           | links to his site reveal a Dutch looking name.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28999144
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | > Coming from NL
         | 
         | NL in this context is Netherlands? Or another area of Canada?
        
           | monkeybutton wrote:
           | Probably Newfoundland
        
         | iso1210 wrote:
         | > because a grid connected system is supposed to shut down when
         | the power fails, the only way out is to stop being grid
         | connected
         | 
         | I've just had a tour of a hydrogen fuel cell setup we have here
         | at our OB. I'm no electrician, but from what I could tell, it's
         | plugged into the mains, currently drawing about 3KW, and
         | hydrogen is producing another 12KW (we haven't got much demand
         | for this event - the generator will produce 250kW if we want).
         | 
         | It comes in from the mains through an isolating transformer,
         | into the generator and UPS, and then outgoing power to us goes
         | through another isolating transformer (to stop mains hum that
         | we saw last time, in both directions)
         | 
         | It seems it's perfectly fine to have this sort of setup
         | connected to the grid in the UK. Obviously it's more expensive
         | to do so than just wiring in your own diesel generator.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | That's a _very_ nice bit of kit that you have there.
           | Pictures?
        
         | SavantIdiot wrote:
         | Is 2 kW a typo? That's pretty small. I typically see 12-15 kW
         | residential turbines.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | 2 KW is a 5 meter diameter windmill, which is pretty large
           | for a homebrew. 12-15 KW turbines are major feats of
           | engineering, I would not trust myself to put together
           | something that size, besides the gear required to put it up.
           | A 2 KW machine has an alternator/blade combo that weighs
           | close to 100 Kg, about the limit of what you can raise and
           | lower with normal equipment. Keep in mind that it sits on top
           | of a 10 to 20 meter high tower, which makes raising and
           | lowering it a job all by itself.
        
         | chaostheory wrote:
         | > having your freezer contents spoiled a couple of times per
         | year gets old really quickly
         | 
         | This is now becoming a reality for more and more people in the
         | Bay Area due to a combination of corruption and failing
         | infrastructure.
        
           | laurencerowe wrote:
           | Where I am in SF it seems to be the opposite. Until a few
           | years ago the power would go out every time it rained heavily
           | but at some point they fixed it and now we get electricity
           | when it rains. (Major roads still become impassable when it
           | rains because it happens infrequently enough they're not
           | built with a camber.)
        
           | namdnay wrote:
           | How long are your power cuts? If you keep it shut, a freezer
           | is fine for 24-48h
        
       | SavantIdiot wrote:
       | If you can't afford utility hookups for your new construction,
       | don't live rural. Live in the city limits. That's why city limits
       | exist. There are economic boundaries where a city can fend for
       | its residents.
       | 
       | This isn't about 5th generation people losing power, it is about
       | people choosing to live rural and feeling entitled to costly
       | infrastructure for free.
        
       | jbarham wrote:
       | Personally my main takeaway from the article is less that
       | renewable energy sources are a good alternative to the grid but
       | more that the monopoly Hydro One connection fees are outrageously
       | high. $25 - $80k connection fees seem like extortion in rural
       | Ontario where the average annual income is probably around $80k.
       | 
       | I wonder if they'll do a follow-up article next year to report
       | how the solar systems performed over the long Northern Ontario
       | winter...
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | Connections costs for utilities can be high like that in the US
         | too. Running electric, sewer, and water is easily over $25k in
         | many locations.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | 25k doesn't sound entirely unreasonable. If it includes
           | running them to where services run and connecting them. Just
           | for connecting it is high.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | It's not entirely clear to me in the article. Does the
             | utility exist at the property already? My understanding
             | this that if you're on a rural road and build a house past
             | the last one built, the electric company will try to make
             | your connection fee cover them extending the lines on their
             | side to your property. Then you still have to cover the
             | lines on your property.
        
         | cmrdporcupine wrote:
         | A brand new septic system (bed & tank) could run you up that
         | high, too, these days. And a well is pricey as well.
         | 
         | Living rural is a constant money drain. Though in theory you
         | are building systems that can sustain your independence later.
         | In theory. In reality, rarely the case.
        
           | Dumblydorr wrote:
           | Living urban is also a money drain. To get a decent sized
           | place, you need to pay HoA fees, high rents, security
           | deposits often get stolen, not to mention pet fees, parking
           | fees, expensive QoL, exposure to pollution and noise, lack of
           | quiet and solitude. I'm semi-rural now and while we do have
           | to pay for well upgrades and power backup systems, we get a
           | huge beautiful quiet piece of land for our money.
        
             | mitigating wrote:
             | And I like that you understand that choice and cost. I
             | don't like the concept that tax dollars should be used to
             | pay for the extremely high cost of electricity and other
             | utilities for a small number of people to keep rural living
             | costs low.
        
             | cmrdporcupine wrote:
             | Earlier this month the water line from my well pump to my
             | pressure tank just... exploded. Water gushed all over my
             | basement until I remembered where the off switch for the
             | pump was. I'm lucky I was home, because it would have just
             | kept running until it got to a place where it could drain
             | out (i.e. upstairs) or the power shut off because
             | everything shorted out.
             | 
             | It's real bliss out here in the country, let me tell you
             | :-) My son was home and got to hear me swear with words and
             | tones that he'd never encountered before.
        
               | WaitWaitWha wrote:
               | Get an automatic line break & low pressure shutoff valve.
               | They make DC, AC, and mechanical solutions.
        
               | cmrdporcupine wrote:
               | Yeah it would need to sit between the pump and the
               | pressure tank. My existing shutoff valve is -- like most
               | -- _after_ the pressure tank. What I really need is
               | something to cut the AC power to the well the moment
               | water starts to touch the floor under the tank.
        
             | only_as_i_fall wrote:
             | Thats why you go suburban. Low COL but high quality of
             | services and infrastructure. It's amazing what you can
             | accomplish if you don't care about the solvency of your
             | community :D
        
         | mitigating wrote:
         | Is it high compared meaning they are making a huge profit or
         | that people can't afford it? If it really does that cost much
         | then subsidies are possible. However it seems some people live
         | in rural areas to save money, you hear about that often here
         | where people would post something like "I moved to the woods in
         | North Dakota and only pay $500 a month" is it fair to then use
         | tax money to help keep that price low?
        
         | koheripbal wrote:
         | Do you have any idea how much it costs to run a rural line and
         | maintain it?
         | 
         | Even at 80k, the govt is still losing money.
        
           | Broken_Hippo wrote:
           | Governments provide services - in general - in no small part
           | because services are almost all cost.
           | 
           | Do you want your citizens to have electricity, as is expected
           | in a modern 21st century country - or would you rather folks
           | go without because of cost? If yes, then getting electricity
           | to houses should be a priority, even if they never profit.
           | 
           | It should also be very noted that electric companies tend to
           | balance the rural costs out with charging urban customers a
           | bit more to make up for the difference, much like healthcare
           | (whether it be premiums or taxes)
        
             | Gigachad wrote:
             | The option is never going to be power or no power. It's
             | going to be paying the connection fee, setting up your own
             | power, or living somewhere already connected.
             | 
             | Any proposal for governments to spend more on something
             | should also come with a description of what they should
             | spend less on to compensate for it.
             | 
             | Why should urban citizens subsidize a lifestyle choice for
             | others? If you want to live out in the middle of nowhere
             | you shouldn't expect everyone else to pay you for it.
        
           | kumarsw wrote:
           | Overhead distribution is somewhere on the order of $100k/mile
           | to install. Maintenance varies depending on how much tree
           | trimming is needed.
        
           | motohagiography wrote:
           | I'm all for cost recovery and fiscal restraint, and the
           | exception I'd propose in this case is that rural residential
           | electrification is the cost of government. If you want to
           | expand your habitable footprint as a state, it means some
           | reciprocity for the people living there. The govt needs rural
           | people settling remote areas more than those people need
           | govt.
           | 
           | Satellite internet changes a lot, as if you can do off grid
           | renewable power with satellite internet, economic viability
           | and mobility of populations changes radically. We've seen it
           | post-covid with rural real estate prices matching those of
           | cities as the result of remote work (I think).
           | 
           | Hydro was used as a giant opaque debt slush fund by previous
           | governments, where they levered up debt secured against
           | revenues and then blew it on favoured groups to secure re-
           | election. "Infrastructure," surely, but now you have a debt
           | retirement fee on every hydro bill that is essentially a tax.
        
             | stinkytaco wrote:
             | > The govt needs rural people settling remote areas more
             | than those people need govt.
             | 
             | I'm not sure I agree with this, but I'm curious to hear
             | your logic. My understanding is that more urbanization is
             | required for both environmental and infrastructural
             | reasons.
        
             | Gigachad wrote:
             | >If you want to expand your habitable footprint as a state
             | 
             | Why is this desirable? You basically just expand every
             | single cost without much benefit and reducing the quality
             | of facilities provided to everyone. The general trend of
             | populations globally is centralization which provides
             | massive benefits.
        
             | satyrnein wrote:
             | _The govt needs rural people settling remote areas_
             | 
             | Can you expand on this? Is there a general social benefit
             | to people settling remote areas?
        
               | motohagiography wrote:
               | Economic growth in diversified regions. They are the
               | roots for growth, where in cities, the marginal value
               | they contribute is a fraction of what they can contribute
               | outside of one. There is a prevailing political worldview
               | predicated on warehousing people in cities and making
               | them dependent on public services, which values human
               | life as managed livestock in service of an owner, and not
               | as an engine of growth and development, but that is one I
               | do not share.
        
               | stinkytaco wrote:
               | > They are the roots for growth, where in cities, the
               | marginal value they contribute is a fraction of what they
               | can contribute outside of one.
               | 
               | It sounds like you are ascribing some special virtue to
               | rural living that I just don't see. When I think about
               | work that adds social value, very little of it _requires_
               | rural living (farming, mostly) and most of it can be done
               | anywhere (computer programming, skilled trades,
               | manufacturing, etc.). Why is a person 's contribution
               | bigger if they are rural? What special value is there in
               | doing these things in a place no one lives? Why do we
               | need to increase growth in some arbitrary rural location.
               | 
               | > There is a prevailing political worldview predicated on
               | warehousing people in cities and making them dependent on
               | public services
               | 
               | And ironically, you are arguing that we should be
               | providing these people a public service, presumably
               | because they are dependent on it. I fail to see where the
               | cut off should be.
        
               | motohagiography wrote:
               | Their marginal contribution is greater because they
               | literally bring human civilization from where it is, to
               | where it is not yet, and where there is more opportunity
               | for growth by virtue of nobody else being there, and
               | return what they produce there back to the urban
               | economies.
               | 
               | A marginal chicken in a mass feeding factory is less
               | valuable than a marginal chicken in a backyard. It's a
               | question of numbers and impact. The life of a marginal
               | person in a city is not as valuable or meaningful to
               | their neighbours as a marginal person in the country, as
               | there are more strong ties in rural areas, and more weak
               | ones in urban ones. In this sense of marginal numbers,
               | cities cheapen lives.
               | 
               | Maybe that's the point, where humans should switch our
               | r/K selection strategy from high investment in K-selected
               | lives to low investment r-selected lives, and try to
               | exist and spread more like bugs than mammals, but that's
               | not something I'd advocate.
               | 
               | If you want the necessary growth and evolution of a
               | civilization for long term survival, you need to
               | diversify it over geography.
               | 
               | The cut off for public services is the persons
               | relationship to them. When you pull hydro lines into
               | rural areas, you facilitate growth from each marginal
               | person out there. When you supply power to a new suburb,
               | you are facilitating marginal growth there at a lower
               | rate. The public service dependency occurs when growth is
               | a zero-sum competition for the attention of a provider
               | (see Ivan Illich's radical monopoly and related ideas),
               | instead of exogenously sourced growth in a rural setting,
               | merely facilitated by public services.
               | 
               | The crux of the policy disagreement is in different
               | axioms about the value of individual life (v. collective
               | "good"), which I don't think we reconcile here, but we
               | can see how our assessments of a policy are certainly
               | artifacts of them.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | The government of Canada paid/pays people to live in
               | remote northern regions. Use it or lose it. It allows
               | Canada to claim regions that could be up for dispute in
               | the future. Canada and Greenland engage in events that
               | visit remote places and leave symbols like flags to show
               | usage and provide a historical record for the world court
               | if it came to it.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Disputed by who?
               | 
               | Some scattered towns aren't going to significantly impact
               | claims by indigenous peoples, and anybody else claiming
               | big chunks of the top half of Canada is going to get
               | laughed out of the room.
        
           | zamadatix wrote:
           | Why would maintenance be covered in the connection fee? Not
           | only is it backwards from the usual financial game of
           | lowering up front costs by hiding them in recurring costs but
           | there is no way to know up front if you'll need to maintain
           | that line for 2 years or 200.
        
           | pridkett wrote:
           | This is why governments have passed incentive acts to help.
           | In the United States, that came from the Rural
           | Electrification Act[0]. It was a recognition that rural areas
           | are critical to our urban areas because they provide food and
           | resources, in addition to an occasional oddball university
           | location or something to stare at on a transcon flight.
           | 
           | Although the law is nearly 90 years old, it continues to be
           | foundational for supporting rural communities. In 2014 it was
           | updated to provide support for rural electric and telephone
           | cooperatives to supply gigabit internet. And that's why the
           | north woods of Minnesota often has better internet than large
           | swaths of Minneapolis and St Paul.
           | 
           | [0]:
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rural_Electrification_Act
        
             | analog31 wrote:
             | It's interesting that 90 years ago, supplying your own
             | electrical power was unthinkable. Also, there were
             | communities that existed in advance of electrification, so
             | there was at least some population density to justify wired
             | power.
             | 
             | For people moving into a relatively unpopulated area, in a
             | different country, it might make more sense today, to let
             | people bring in their own power generation, maybe subsidize
             | it a bit if needed.
        
             | kaesar14 wrote:
             | Seems like providing the north woods of Minnesota better
             | internet than the Twin Cities is a rather poor investment
             | of resources
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | What is poor is not providing the Twin Cities with fiber
               | to the home internet. No need for it to be one or the
               | other.
        
           | SturgeonsLaw wrote:
           | > Even at 80k, the govt is still losing money.
           | 
           | Government shouldn't be run for profit, frankly it should pay
           | for the entire connection.
           | 
           | If the government is going to insist on making money, then it
           | should operate nationalised utilities, which provide a
           | baseline service and cost, and if private enterprise can
           | compete with that by offering a better product and/or cheaper
           | service, then all the more power to them.
           | 
           | Having a situation where a single commercial entity has a
           | monopoly position seems to be the second-worst option, just
           | above "no service at all".
        
             | mdavis6890 wrote:
             | The key question is: Instead of what?
             | 
             | When the govt spends money on something, it is
             | asking/telling people to spend their effort on that
             | task/product, instead of something else that they
             | would/could have been doing instead.
             | 
             | So if the govt spends $80k of people's effort on the rural
             | line, what doesn't get done as a result?
        
             | iso1210 wrote:
             | The system should either break even (which it doesn't do),
             | or cost money (which means taxpayers subsidise it), or make
             | money (which means users subsidise other taxpayers)
             | 
             | The question is to what extent should grid connections to
             | new rural homes be subsidised by taxpayers, which is of
             | course a political decision - just like to what extent
             | roads, military, healthcare, education, oil production, etc
             | should be subsidised.
             | 
             | A better solution may be to allow the subsidiy money to be
             | used to provide grants for off-grid. It may be better for
             | the taxpyer to give someone $30k to sort their power out,
             | than to spend $40k on an electric line to their house.
        
               | neilwilson wrote:
               | "he system should either break even (which it doesn't
               | do), or cost money (which means taxpayers subsidise it),
               | or make money (which means users subsidise other
               | taxpayers)"
               | 
               | That assumes a fixed amount of money and a fixed amount
               | of stuff. Neither of which is the case in a country with
               | its own floating exchange rate like Canada.
               | 
               | Government doesn't spend money, it spends people. What
               | else were you proposing to do with the electrical
               | engineer that is so much more important than maintaining
               | electrical grid connections to citizens?
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | You can of course print money instead of raising taxes
               | but the principle's the same.
               | 
               | Lets rephrase it then. How many hours of electrical
               | engineer time should be spent hooking up a new home in
               | rural Ontario? Why would an electrical engineer who lives
               | in the Toronto suburbs want to do this? How much time and
               | effort should a country devote to running and maintaining
               | this connection? What does the engineer get in return?
               | 
               | Either he gets more in return (thus "makes money"), gets
               | less in return (thus "requires subsidy") or it's even
               | (thus "breaks even")
               | 
               | How much should the person who wants to live in rural
               | ontario give for the engineer's time? It seems Canada
               | decides they should give a little, but not the same
               | amount of time the engineer gives (and instead the
               | engineer should be compensated by time from the rest of
               | the country)
               | 
               | As to what that electrical engineer could be doing that
               | would be better? Well how about fixing the electrics in a
               | childrens hospital? Or maybe they could spend the day
               | working on their garden, or watching netflix.
        
               | vehemenz wrote:
               | > The question is to what extent should grid connections
               | to new rural homes be subsidised by taxpayers, which is
               | of course a political decision
               | 
               | 100% agree. Not only that, but rural development is
               | inherently connected to these other subsidies. Rural
               | populations tend to have worse education, worse health
               | outcomes, and more expensive roads/mile/capita. Not to
               | mention the negative political externalities rural
               | populations produce (maybe a modern US-only phenomenon).
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | > _the negative political externalities rural populations
               | produce_
               | 
               | I'd argue that the causality goes the other way - people
               | move to rural areas to escape the demands of the high-
               | interdependency core. And I'd say much of our political
               | divide is from that highly connected core extending its
               | influence into the previously left-alone areas, first
               | through broadcast media consolidation and now through
               | social media and its consolidation.
        
               | 8note wrote:
               | Is there data on people moving from urban to rural areas?
        
               | nknezek wrote:
               | I agree that many people move away from cities to
               | "escape", but it's important to recognize that for many
               | decades now, rural residents have received significantly
               | more benefits from the government than they pay in taxes,
               | while urban dwellers pay more in taxes than they receive
               | in benefits. Essentially, those who live in cities are
               | living within their means and subsidizing those who live
               | in rural areas.
               | 
               | From an economic perspective, rural areas are still
               | highly connected and interdependent - think roads,
               | infrastructure, food, water, electricity, internet,
               | transport networks. Those who move from cities to rural
               | areas to "escape the demands of the high-interdependency
               | core" simply shift from majority "producing" to majority
               | "receiving" benefits from our interdependent society.
               | 
               | I'm a huge fan of rural living, but it is expensive. We
               | as a society have decided to subsidize it to various
               | degrees. I'm OK with this, but also think cheap,
               | individual solutions should be used when feasible. For
               | example, sewer lines are very expensive in rural areas,
               | so most houses maintain their own septic tank. Rural
               | houses often use a Propane tank they refill rather than a
               | gas line hookup. They often have their own well for
               | water. Thus, the high grid-connection fees in the article
               | make sense, as rural residents can just build their own
               | off-grid electricity production.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | I agree with most of your comment, but it's a bit too
               | judgemental.
               | 
               | The main political wedge we're facing is the absolute
               | destruction of the manufacturing-production economy
               | (which requires open space and other distributed
               | capital), in favor of the finance-metagame economy (which
               | doesn't). In this wider context talking about subsidies
               | is a bit disingenuous, because if we had a balanced
               | economy then resources would be flowing to the rural
               | areas from the urban areas as revenue of private
               | companies. Instead, most of the resources for building
               | out non-urban infrastructure are flowing abroad, while
               | the little remaining bit trying to mitigate the hollowing
               | out gets called a subsidy.
               | 
               | It's easy to get frustrated with the regressive
               | hypocritical politics, especially with the last few years
               | of objectively utter nonsense. But if that is ever going
               | to get fixed it's going to require even more resources
               | going to rural areas to alleviate the poverty driving the
               | anger and spite. Ideally this would happen by fixing the
               | market dynamics, but really it needs to happen any way
               | possible.
        
               | nknezek wrote:
               | I understand your point - farming, mining, and
               | manufacturing are all essential economic activities that
               | have largely shifted overseas post-WWII. This has
               | hollowed the rural economy in US and other western
               | nations while also making goods vastly cheaper and
               | bringing billions out of poverty worldwide.
               | 
               | In my mind I am very willing to help and support many
               | parts of a community and society. We need all sorts of
               | work to build a society - finance, tech, manufacturing,
               | non-remunerated work (raising children, etc).
               | 
               | I'm in favor of gov investment in infrastructure as I
               | believe it helps all of us grow. Same with healthcare and
               | education.
               | 
               | But it is _very_ important to make these benefits
               | transparent and clear, otherwise we end up in the
               | situation we now face, where the same voters that would
               | be most helped by these investments argue against such
               | programs and are strongly anti-government (see Trump,
               | Brexit, Jan 6, etc).
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | > _But it is _very_ important to make these benefits
               | transparent and clear, otherwise we end up in the
               | situation we now face_
               | 
               | I strongly disagree on the causality here. The red state
               | subsidies are a blue team talking point. To the extent
               | the reality gets through to the red team, it's
               | _anticonvincing_ because the main thing they feel they
               | 're missing is self determination.
               | 
               | Telling them to be appreciative of federal welfare, and
               | they can get even more of it (eg UBI), is the exact
               | opposite of what they want. They want purpose, hence the
               | attraction to regressive ideologies promising that there
               | is purpose to their suffering. Purpose cannot be provided
               | by overt direct subsidies - it can only come from the
               | feeling of earning one's way, regardless of the truth of
               | the matter (eg how the metagame industries suffice). By
               | extension this means revitalization of rural economies,
               | no matter how artificial. Then again after decades of
               | ZIRP what does "artificial" even mean?
        
               | edmundsauto wrote:
               | It sounds like you're suggesting the subsidies remain,
               | but the red states get to pretend that it's not the anti-
               | government individualism their personal ideologies
               | demand?
               | 
               | If people want self-dependence and self-determination,
               | they should strive for it - not play acting that they are
               | independent. What they should not do is complain about
               | the entire concept of government intervention
               | ("socialism!") while benefitting from the exact same
               | thing, paid for disproportionately by the groups they
               | demonize.
        
               | nknezek wrote:
               | I grew up in a very rural, conservative small town and
               | still talk to many people there.
               | 
               | They loved the $1500 checks in their accounts. They see
               | rising cost of housing and several have suggested
               | government subsidies for homes or a massive government
               | program to build more houses.
               | 
               | I agree people want purpose, but I don't think rural
               | conservatives are actually against government programs or
               | subsidies, as long as it benefits them and is not
               | presented from the perspective of modern culture war and
               | media. They don't like "handouts" but they DO like roads,
               | water, electricity, farm insurance, military bases, post
               | offices, etc.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | Your experience would seem to support the first part of
               | my comment. What is making " _benefits transparent and
               | clear_ " if not presenting " _from the perspective of
               | modern culture war and media_ " ? Pointing out that their
               | communities are net subsidized directly undermines the
               | feeling of self sufficiency. FWIW based on my personal
               | experience, I would say that people accepting the
               | handouts justify it as at least getting something "back"
               | for themselves, while others get so much more - it's not
               | like the cognitive dissonance just goes away.
               | 
               | But sure one doesn't need to be so indirect as I went on
               | to say in the second half of my comment. I feel like
               | that's playing awfully close to the cognitive dissonance
               | though, in that any given program can very easily end up
               | on the talking point shitlist and become permanently
               | unwelcome. Ideologically I'm a fan of decentralization so
               | I'm inclined to focus on fixing the distributed economy,
               | even though it requires a similar amount of forcing.
        
               | nknezek wrote:
               | I think we agree on most practical aspects of this
               | situation.
               | 
               | We both agree that this situation of expensive grid
               | hookups in rural areas is simple economics. We both agree
               | to make it affordable would require a subsidy. Rural
               | residents seem to want this cheaper/subsidized, but
               | several in the article are also happy to build their own
               | infrastructure instead. I think that's great!
               | 
               | It seems where we may have disagreement is around wider
               | political issues regarding perspectives on government,
               | media, and culture. Specifically, I think we have
               | slightly different perspectives and theories about the
               | mindset and views of conservative rural residents.
               | 
               | That's totally fine! However, it feels a bit like we're
               | both talking in circles without a clear topic / thesis or
               | enough personal experience to provide strong insights.
               | 
               | Enjoyed the discussion though!
        
               | mitigating wrote:
               | Don't they often argue that government handouts are what
               | prevent people from finding jobs, innovating, or moving
               | to an area with jobs.
               | 
               | I don't think it's too hypocritical to accept government
               | handouts because you need it while at the same time
               | wishing you had a job so you didn't have to take handouts
               | 
               | However not everyone feels that way and they use a very
               | broad stroke when it comes to Government assistance which
               | was referred to by some as "socialism" and later
               | "communism"
        
               | pjlegato wrote:
               | Farming in the US did not shift overseas. American
               | farming output in 2021 is higher than ever, approaching
               | 3x WWII levels[1].
               | 
               | Farming in the US rather consolidated around massive
               | economies of scale, where a few large industrial-scale
               | players with large capital available can produce vast
               | amounts of food at a very low unit cost.
               | 
               | This was partially the result of government subsidies and
               | policy ("go big or get out" in the 70s) and partially the
               | result of large technological advances yielding huge
               | productivity gains. Far less labor is now required to
               | produce a unit of food. Petroleum-based fertilizers
               | developed in the 1940s improved crop yields in many cases
               | by thousands of percent. At the same time, mass produced
               | mechanized farm equipment (tractors, harvesters, etc.)
               | became far cheaper and widely available.
               | 
               | The traditional family farms that dominated agriculture
               | until the mid-20th century have become largely
               | uncompetitive in the commodity market, leading to many
               | social problems in rural areas and a widespread
               | perception that American farming is no longer a thing. A
               | few find a niche in organic farming or specialty crops.
               | Many just sold their land to a large operation, lived off
               | of the proceeds for a while, then became poor.
               | 
               | It's important to note too that this consolidation has
               | had beneficial social effects: in inflation-adjusted
               | terms, food is _extremely_ cheap now as compared to any
               | prior point in history. Put another way, the amount of
               | minimum wage hours of labor required to procure 2,000
               | calories a day is lower than ever before in human
               | history. _Obesity_ is now a significant health problem
               | among lower income Americans, whereas historically
               | starvation and malnutrition due to high food costs were
               | the main food issues for the poor.
               | 
               | American farming is bigger than ever; it's just done on a
               | vast industrial scale now.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.usda.gov/media/blog/2020/03/05/look-
               | agricultural...
        
             | ChrisLomont wrote:
             | >Government shouldn't be run for profit, frankly it should
             | pay for the entire connection.
             | 
             | People should likewise not be able to run up arbitrary high
             | costs and expect the government (i.e., other people) to pay
             | for it.
             | 
             | You cannot run anything, including governments, forever at
             | a loss. People pay for things in every case.
        
             | mitigating wrote:
             | So people move to rural areas because it's cheaper and it's
             | only cheaper because utilities are subsidized?
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | >Government shouldn't be run for profit, frankly it should
             | pay for the entire connection.
             | 
             | Except when the service is being provided to people you
             | don't like. (not sure if I should /s this since based on my
             | observation this is what most people unironically want).
        
             | danans wrote:
             | > if private enterprise can compete with that by offering a
             | better product and/or cheaper service, then all the more
             | power to them.
             | 
             | In this case, going off-grid is exactly that: private
             | enterprise offering a more suitable alternative for this
             | use case. In fact, it's the correct solution, because the
             | public should not be required to subsidize the choice of an
             | individual to live in an area not well served by power
             | distribution infrastructure shared across many homes.
             | 
             | It's just like how the government won't pay for paving a
             | long driveway (AKA road) that connects a rural house to the
             | main highway.
             | 
             | Government should only get involved in subsidizing these
             | things when the goal is to scale access to millions, i.e:
             | 
             | - High impact nascent and early stage technology (i.e. EVs,
             | renewables)
             | 
             | - Generational scale investments in human capital and
             | infrastructure that private industry is too risk averse to
             | undertake.
             | 
             | Subsidizing rural home builders to the tune of 80K does
             | nothing for anyone except that home builder. It would be
             | undoubtedly nice for them, but that's not a justification
             | for allowing it.
        
             | Teever wrote:
             | > Government shouldn't be run for profit, frankly it should
             | pay for the entire connection.
             | 
             | Look, there's 'shouldn't be run for profit' and then
             | there's 'Simply infeasible to do some things regardless of
             | profit motive simply due reality.'
             | 
             | Pull up a map of Ontario and pick some locations at random
             | and then figure out the distance from those locations to
             | the nearest town that likely has a utility tie in. Tell me
             | the distance and what you think the cost per km would be in
             | that kind of situation. Now tell me if the government
             | should cover that kind of service for whoever wants it,
             | whenever they want it, for free.
             | 
             | You vastly underestimate the size of a Canadian province
             | like Ontario and the costs of installing and maintaining
             | infrastructure in a place with that kind of climate.
        
             | newsclues wrote:
             | Electric utilities in Ontario were public until the mid 90s
             | when they started privatization.
        
             | zz865 wrote:
             | Its not about being run for profit. Its why should anyone
             | build a house in the middle of nowhere and expect the govt
             | to spend whatever it takes to get connected.
        
               | Ensorceled wrote:
               | This is how you destroy small farms.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | Small farms presumably already have an electrical
               | connection.
        
               | Ensorceled wrote:
               | True. This is a really a story of the "Fuck you, I got
               | mine" generation.
               | 
               | Power and phone was run for free pretty much everywhere.
               | Now they want 80K for a line and a pole.
               | 
               | This is the same story for internet access.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | So that's true, but also we don't need new small farms.
        
               | iso1210 wrote:
               | In general I'd expect it to be far more cost effective to
               | enact a massive project to wire every house, than wire a
               | single house
        
               | boringg wrote:
               | Have you seen the deficits the governments run?
               | 
               | Should we foot the bill for connecting every rural home
               | because people wanted to move out of the city -
               | increasing the urban sprawl? Maybe if there 5-10 people
               | at a time in batches they could do it at cost. . but
               | custom jobs for every individual homeowner, come on be
               | realistic instead of entitled.
        
               | karteum wrote:
               | > Its why should anyone build a house in the middle of
               | nowhere and expect the govt to spend whatever it takes to
               | get connected.
               | 
               | But the article says "he expected to pay a few thousand
               | dollars, given that the nearest pole was across the
               | street, about 45 metres away. He was shocked to find out
               | it would cost $80,000".
               | 
               | So it's not the case of a house in the middle of
               | nowhere...
        
               | taneq wrote:
               | Just playing devil's advocate here but maybe the whole
               | line cost $400k and they could only charge the other 4
               | houses on the street $80k each. The fact that the line's
               | already run doesn't mean it's already paid for.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | Shouldn't that be built into the service fee though? It's
               | not like this is a one time purchase...
        
               | Gigachad wrote:
               | And then we would be reading an article about people
               | going off grid because their power cost is 4x average.
        
           | Taylor_OD wrote:
           | That is what taxes are for. The government shouldnt be
           | running a profit while providing basic services.
        
           | sbarre wrote:
           | That should be the cost of doing business when you're a
           | government-sponsored monopoly that provides an essential
           | service to your tax-paying citizens (not customers).
           | 
           | It's literally what the government is for.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | And where else should the government get that money then?
        
               | rexreed wrote:
               | Isn't that why the government has the power of taxation
               | or the ability to levy fees? Not that I'm a fan of
               | government reach, but if the single, monopoly, private
               | corporation can't provide necessary services at a rate
               | that their customers can afford, and there isn't any
               | competition to "naturally" reduce rates, then this is a
               | place where governments usually step in. They step in the
               | form of subsidies and grants, the sources of income of
               | which are usually taxation or fees levied to other
               | constituents. And electricity, running water, and sewage
               | are considered to be essential necessities, not luxuries.
               | This is an area where monopolistic practices should have
               | limits, even if such costs are "necessary". This is where
               | governments have the positive ability to help.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | My comment was based on the understanding was that the
               | government was already involved with the company and
               | proving subsidies already.
               | 
               | "Isn't that why the government has the power of taxation
               | or the ability to levy fees?"
               | 
               | My point was that some taxation is based on usage, so
               | charging those using the utility would make sense. This
               | would mean still charging the people connected.
               | Otherwise, who would the government tax to subsidize
               | these other citizens?
        
               | rexreed wrote:
               | In this case, government grants to individual homeowners
               | looking to connect to the public utility makes the most
               | sense. It's also easy to quantify since you can see how
               | many people are interested in connecting to the grid who
               | aren't currently. Governments can find multiple ways to
               | source funds for those grants. Homeowners would apply for
               | those grants and get funds for the connection. If funds
               | aren't provided directly they are often provided as
               | credits against property tax. The gov pays the utility
               | directly.
               | 
               | I've seen it done this way for many different projects.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | "My point was that some taxation is based on usage, so
               | charging those using the utility would make sense"
               | 
               | Thats literally the opposite of how taxes work. What you
               | are describing is called charging the customer.
               | 
               | Taxes are paid independant of usage, my taxes pay for
               | schools wven if I dont have kids. Someone with 10 kids
               | but less income pays less taxes for schools.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | >And electricity, running water, and sewage are
               | considered to be essential necessities, not luxuries.
               | 
               | In the US, the latter two are not broadly considered
               | necessities in rural areas. The situation varies but
               | wells, where possible, and septic systems are extremely
               | common away from urban metros and towns of a certain
               | size.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I think you can still call them neccessary, but they just
               | aren't public utilities in rural areas. If you have a
               | well, you still have running water. If you have a septic
               | system, the sewage has somewhere to go.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Right. But the context was a comment to the effect of the
               | government providing them at a reasonable price. Which,
               | as you say, it commonly doesn't in many rural or semi-
               | rural areas.
        
               | rexreed wrote:
               | I have both a well and septic, so I totally get it. But
               | if you are connected to public water or public sewer,
               | which often a municipal monopoly for good reasons, and
               | you have limited other choices, the local government
               | places restrictions on the cost of getting hooked up to
               | public water and sewer if there are no alternatives.
               | 
               | In any case, water and sewer are indeed considered
               | necessities and you are unable to sell or convey a house
               | in the state that I live without a functional water or
               | sewage system, whether on public water/sewer or on well /
               | septic. If you have a non-functioning well or non-
               | functioning septic (outhouses are no longer allowed),
               | then you can't sell your house, and also you are in risk
               | of having your own house condemned. So these are indeed
               | necessities.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | They're not considered necessities in the sense that the
               | government has to, in general, provide you with a hookup
               | at a reasonable cost. But, as you say, running water and
               | proper sewage may be a zoning requirement to build a
               | house and live on a property just as a variety of other
               | things may be requirements.
        
               | sbarre wrote:
               | The government gets most of its money through taxes in
               | Canada.
               | 
               | Then they plan and redistribute that money to the
               | agencies, corporations and departments that provide
               | essential services for the population, and it gets spent
               | on offering and managing those services. (Yes this is a
               | simplified explanation)
               | 
               | Not sure how it works where you live but I suspect it's
               | probably similar.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | My comment was based on the understanding was that the
               | government was already involved with the company and
               | proving subsidies already.
               | 
               | My point was that some taxation is based on usage, so
               | charging those using the utility would make sense. This
               | would mean still charging the people connected.
               | Otherwise, who would the government tax to subsidize
               | these other citizens?
        
               | neilwilson wrote:
               | Government gets its money from spending the money.
               | 
               | They don't use Loonies anywhere else.
               | 
               | As my Canadian aunt says: money is made round to go
               | around.
               | 
               | The cost of hook up is the time of the people to do that
               | job, which means they can't do anything else.
               | 
               | Is Canada that short of electrical engineers that it
               | can't maintain its current grid and add new connections?
        
               | shoemakersteve wrote:
               | It's more a problem of population density vs the cost of
               | setting up and maintaining the infrastructure.
        
               | Pxtl wrote:
               | As an urban ratepayer in Ontario, I would very much not
               | like my electrical fees to subsidize the recreationally
               | remote, thanks. Rural/wilderness homes in Ontario already
               | have heavily subsidized road infrastructure and get a
               | larger cut of the carbon tax rebate per person. It's one
               | thing to subsidize agricultural communities, but this is
               | different. If you have some deep burning need to be a
               | woodsman, more power to you, but that's your decision and
               | your money.
               | 
               | And looking at the article, if off-grid is more economic
               | for the resident for that kind of life, then it's also
               | more economical for the government. Everybody wins.
               | Subsidizing that would eliminate that win/win.
               | 
               | That said, as carbon pricing rises, the calculus on
               | propane power may shift over time... which, I assume,
               | will result in such residents loudly opposing carbon
               | pricing.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | Why do you expect the rural taxpayers to pay for
               | urban/city only improvements like transit/subways or
               | money to fight guns/gangs but balk at the thought of
               | paying for electrical hookups in rural areas.
        
               | sbarre wrote:
               | > If you have some deep burning need to be a woodsman,
               | more power to you, but that's your decision and your
               | money.
               | 
               | One could say the same if you choose to be a car-less
               | urban dweller who relies on transit and high-density
               | infrastructure.
               | 
               | You can stereotype and caricature people both ways,
               | neither helps the discussion.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | "One could say the same if you choose to be a car-less
               | urban dweller who relies on transit and high-density
               | infrastructure.
               | 
               | You can stereotype and caricature people both ways,
               | neither helps the discussion."
               | 
               | Car-less urban dweller pays ticket fees for transit, so
               | the argument doesn't work.
               | 
               | They aren't car-less because they are saving money - if
               | you give everyone who uses public transport a car,
               | gridlock will get so bad there will be bodies in the
               | street.
        
               | sbarre wrote:
               | Sigh.. sure, you can find faults in anyone's examples if
               | you're just interested in doing that instead of debating
               | the broader point.
               | 
               | Neither side can be diluted down to an anecdote, but I
               | guess here we are all trying to do it anyways.
               | 
               | My point was actually about the stereotyping and the
               | painting of all rural dwellers as recreational, as if
               | urban dwelling is the only valid choice and everyone else
               | is intentionally choosing a lesser or more difficult
               | lifestyle.
               | 
               | The _overall_ point here is that connecting to any public
               | utilities should not be made prohibitively expensive just
               | because you live in rural areas.
        
             | refurb wrote:
             | So if Elon Musk decides to carve out a 1,000 acre compound
             | 50km from the closest power source the government, no tax
             | payers, should pay for the hundreds of thousands to connect
             | him to the grid?
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Sure. There aren't enough crazy-rich people to be
               | significant, just like at the other end there aren't
               | enough people having 12 kids to cause significant expense
               | to government child benefits schemes.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _There aren't enough crazy-rich people to be
               | significant_
               | 
               | In part because of these costs. If it were on the
               | taxpayer to foot the hook-up bill, a home in the middle
               | of the Grand Tetons would suddenly look much more
               | attractive.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | The Google maps pictures if they place certainly look
               | pretty, but you need to be pretty rich just to be able to
               | live so far from where most of the work is.
               | 
               | The land in a town or city is more expensive because of
               | all the positive things such places bring outweighing all
               | the negatives, even in the relatively cheap suburbs.
               | Electricity (etc.) supply is part of that, sure, but far
               | from the only thing.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | It's an extreme example but there are actually thousands
               | of people who would want utilities connected to remote
               | locations. The land is cheap.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Thousands, even hundreds of thousands, is essentially
               | insignificant for the government of a nation of a third
               | of a billion (as you said Musk, I'm thinking of the USA
               | rather than Canada).
        
               | sbarre wrote:
               | Look there's _always_ an edge case that makes the
               | generalized common good approach sound unreasonable.
               | 
               | But in the end, you make the best rules you can that help
               | the majority of people, and you accept that they will not
               | be 100% ideal. If some people end up unfairly benefiting
               | from it, so be it.
               | 
               | Don't let perfect be the enemy of good.
        
         | jillesvangurp wrote:
         | The main takeaway should be that being that far north is not a
         | show stopper for going off grid with mostly solar, a bit of
         | wind, and batteries in a very harsh climate with limited sun
         | hours in the winter. Anything further south is probably a lot
         | more effective and cheaper to run. But the point of the article
         | is that people are doing this and are saving money doing it. Of
         | course, that is indeed enabled by a monopolist really
         | encouraging this by discouraging new customers with
         | unreasonable fees. But that's the other point, being at the
         | mercy of companies like that is not great financially and
         | there's a point where it becomes simply not worth the money in.
        
         | SavantIdiot wrote:
         | In Northern California, Sacramento & other counties subsidized
         | utility hookups for wealthy residents (lots of local tech and
         | flight from SanFran) who wanted to live further out in the
         | rural El Dorado Hills area. This had long term consequences of
         | the city always being in debt and having to sprawl to stay
         | ahead.
         | 
         | I see this as catering to the rich, who could have afforded it,
         | simply because they wanted to live in palatial McMansions in
         | the countryside and felt entitled to be accommodated.
         | 
         | I don't think it should be the obligation of the county to
         | provide utilities if people want to live outside city limits.
         | 
         | If you want to live rural, you need to come up with the cash to
         | get your utilities, otherwise too bad, live in the city limits.
         | 
         | There are very good reasons why there is a thing called "city
         | limits", this is one of them.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | CosmicShadow wrote:
         | My parents live 15 minutes out of town in North Western Ontario
         | and they end up paying $1000-$2000/month in winter to Hydro One
         | for heating, even though they have a well insulated house. You
         | are pretty much screwed. They know people who got solar and the
         | government promised them a certain rate, and then went back on
         | their word and those people got boned as they could no longer
         | afford their 40k installations over 25 years. I've never heard
         | anything good about Hydro One.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Wood, oil or propane not an option? All should be cheaper
           | than resistive heating.
        
             | ashtonkem wrote:
             | Oil tanks are dangerous and unpleasant things to store and
             | maintain, and very dependent on road viability for the once
             | or twice yearly top up. I've known plenty of people in the
             | North East that used oil for heating and they all hated it,
             | and I bet it's easier to get an oil truck to top up your
             | tank in Massachusetts or Maine than it is in Ontario. Oh,
             | and the oil tank is an explosion hazard if you need to do
             | any work on it.
             | 
             | Wood heating is a lot of labor. It's sustainable if you
             | have forest land, but still a ton of labor. Even pre-
             | seasoned and delivered wood takes a lot of work. The
             | general rule of thumb is that you need to envision
             | literally filling your living space with wood in order to
             | have enough to heat your home with wood burning stoves.
             | Wood just doesn't put out the BTUs per pound that oil,
             | coal, or other petroleum products do. Propane seems to be
             | the go-to, but I know very little about storing and running
             | your house off of it.
             | 
             | I think in the future the answer is going to be geothermal,
             | or "ground source heat pumps". They work like reversible AC
             | units that use ground temp water to extract heat from.
             | They're more efficient than regular ACs, allowing you to
             | heat your home with ~1/3 the electricity of regular
             | resistance heating, but the installation costs in suburban
             | areas are extreme due to the deep wells needed. If you live
             | in rural areas though you can use shallower trenches to lay
             | the tubing down below the frost line, making this a much
             | more viable choice.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Sounds like they're quite happy with the value provided
               | by $1500-$2000/month from heating electrically.
               | 
               | Alas, if your home is well insulated, a newer wood stove
               | should do the trick, but if moving it from a stack
               | outside and cleaning ash is too much, I get it, stay
               | electric.
               | 
               | Propane is delivered just like oil, but can be stored
               | outside. Usually you get them refilled more often, so if
               | road access is an issue, it's not a great primary.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | Propane freezes. It takes some extreme temperatures to do
               | so, but it does so at temperatures experienced in rural
               | Ontario.
        
               | p1mrx wrote:
               | Propane freezes at 86 K; the lowest recorded temperature
               | on Earth was 184 K.
               | 
               | There are a variety of things that can go wrong at low
               | temperatures, like what happened with natural gas in
               | Texas, but the propane itself isn't going to freeze.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | As long as your tank is big enough, yes. The issue is
               | propane is stored as a liquid, and when you draw it, it
               | boils (and it must boil) but the evaporation makes the
               | tank colder than ambient.
               | 
               | Boiling point of propane is -42C.
               | 
               | When it's -30 and you're drawing a lot of propane...
               | yeah, your evaporation rate may suffer. Interestingly, a
               | stiff wind is helpful here to warm the tank up to -30 (if
               | it isn't buried in wind-blocking and insulating snow...)
               | 
               | Propane tank heaters are a thing for this reason.
               | 
               | The issue in Texas was that you have regulators and
               | pressure reducing valves, but going from high pressure to
               | low pressure is cooling, leading to frozen
               | valves/regulators because it wasn't designed for liquid
               | infiltration _and_ the cold temps generated.
        
               | ashtonkem wrote:
               | Probably less "happy with the value" and more "the
               | capital costs of installing something more efficient are
               | too high".
        
               | Dumblydorr wrote:
               | I think you're overstating the danger of oil tanks. You
               | mention explosion risks, that's a very rare occurrence
               | and could happen with gas or propane too. The real
               | downsides of oil are the high prices and the carbon
               | footprint.
               | 
               | Wood is at least much cheaper and has charming appeal,
               | gas is cheaper too but not available in many districts.
               | Propane is extremely cost ineffective for heating, it'd
               | be much better to use any other type of heating if
               | possible.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Propane is still more cost effective than electric
               | resistive heating 99% of the time.
        
               | CosmicShadow wrote:
               | My parents installed Geothermal a few years ago, which
               | was expensive, like 30k I think, and it's helped, but not
               | a ton as the line is still going under a frozen river in
               | the winter, so the prices I quoted above are after
               | geothermal. I think I saw a comment thread a few months
               | back about how a lot of people got taken by the promises
               | of geothermal and how they don't really do much for
               | people in cold areas. It's great in the summer mind you.
               | My buddy who works for Hydro One said a lot of folks end
               | up paying the same or more after the install of
               | geothermal because of how cold it is, which is really
               | unfortunate. I looked at a big, nicer house in Nova
               | Scotia that had dual geothermal and I was just drooling
               | until I got my hands on the heating bills and was so
               | confused why it was still so expensive.
               | 
               | They don't have wood burning and they are too old to be
               | able to handle it anyway, you'd die from all the wood
               | you'd have to cut and move and deal with. They said oil
               | wasn't viable, and I don't think their house is setup for
               | it anyway. They are worried about snow removal where they
               | live as it's just too much for them now and it's so easy
               | to get stranded for days, even though the city does
               | eventually plow that road.
               | 
               | Where they live it's regularly -30 to -40c in the winter.
               | They were snowbirds until Covid hit.
        
         | jareklupinski wrote:
         | > Last summer, Timmermans's two radio stations: Great Lakes
         | Country 103.1 and Hits 100.7 went live from their new home --
         | in Little Current, Ont., about 90 kilometres southwest of
         | Sudbury -- the first off-grid stations in Canada.
         | 
         | the guy was running two radio stations; i expect they quoted
         | the price like it was a business/commercial line
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | While a bit interesting how he brings it all together for the
       | setup, I could care less about these rural people who decide to
       | live in Minden or whatever and complain about expenses. This is
       | not Toronto news CBC. These people are reasonably well off and
       | choosing to live outside of the city where more and more of the
       | majority live and we've got bigger issues closer to home like
       | affordability and infrastructure etc etc. Bah.
        
         | ipaddr wrote:
         | You do realize more and more people are finding it too
         | difficult to live in big cities like Toronto and are forced
         | into much smaller cities/towns/hamlets where these are issues.
         | Paying $2,000 a month rent is difficult for the average person
         | making minimum wage. The affordability paradox is forcing young
         | people and young couples into rural off the grid properties
         | because few will ever afford a home in Toronto. Part of the
         | solution is to encourage more rural density. This is an issue
         | that you should support.
        
           | ChrisArchitect wrote:
           | fairplay - the people in this article and the other one that
           | inspired it (the other Minden guy or whatever) do not seem
           | like young people struggling with the affordability of the
           | city.
        
       | throwawayboise wrote:
       | How well do solar panels work "north of Toronto" in the
       | wintertime? They get what, maybe 8 hours of daylight and at that
       | the sun is at a prettly low angle.
        
       | deadalus wrote:
       | >Hydro One, which distributes electricity for most rural
       | customers in the province, eventually reduced the cost to
       | $25,000. It was still too much, according to Timmermans.
       | 
       | >Combined, the system( wind-and-solar array) produces eight
       | kilowatt hours -- more than enough to run his offices, radio
       | studios, the central air conditioning and the servers that keep
       | his internet customers connected year 'round, he says.
       | 
       | >It cost him $23,000.
        
         | mulmen wrote:
         | The next sentence:
         | 
         | > "And then on top of that, to pay, you know, an electric bill,
         | probably at around four to five hundred dollars a month for the
         | rest of my life and only increasing. I thought, well, now's the
         | time to go off-grid."
         | 
         | So what's the total cost of ownership for his system? Does it
         | have $400.00/mo of upkeep?
        
           | marvin wrote:
           | The $23,000 probably have a capital cost of $30 per month or
           | so, and if they're written off to nothing in 20 years (and
           | the acquisition cost isn't lower by then, which it will),
           | that's another $100 per month.
           | 
           | So that leaves $270 per month for maintenance, emergency
           | supply and other upkeep. Seems completely reasonable that the
           | actual costs will be lower.
        
             | koheripbal wrote:
             | This is an apples to oranges comparison since there is no
             | way he'd have anywhere near the same uptime as on-grid
             | power.
        
               | Ensorceled wrote:
               | My rural Ontario cousins would like to chat with you
               | about grid up time in rural Ontario.
        
               | SamBam wrote:
               | The top comment on this post [1] says the exact opposite,
               | that the reason they are off-grid is precisely for the
               | reliability.
               | 
               | 1. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28998847
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | How did you come to that conclusion?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Indeed, his uptime will be many orders of magnitude
               | better than what the Ontario grid can provide.
               | 
               | It's an apples to oranges comparison specifically because
               | it is the lines (and not the generating capacity) that
               | fails very, very regularly in rural Ontario.
        
         | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
         | And note that even with a connection fee of zero, his
         | autonomous setup would start to pay for itself after four
         | years, due to no longer having to pay power bill of $400-$500 a
         | month. Thats assuming zero maintenance costs so not quite
         | correct, but it can't be too far off. It really is a no-
         | brainer.
        
         | albatrosstrophy wrote:
         | Also he mentioned they have to run on propane in winter. I
         | wonder how much would that cost.
        
           | voisin wrote:
           | Most people in Canada use natural gas (if the network exists
           | near one's home) or propane (if not) for heat in the winter.
           | Electric is considered too expensive. I think things like
           | electric heat pumps are more cost effective nowadays to
           | something like -5C, but alas, much of Canada is far colder
           | for many months.
        
             | xavieralexandre wrote:
             | Dig a few meters and your soil will be 13C, a great
             | starting point for your heat pump.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | About the same as electric, but a bit more hassle if it can't
           | be delivered by truck. The most economic option is an outdoor
           | woodstove, about $10K to install a big one and after that you
           | need to keep it fed, a heat pump is another viable
           | alternative. Another option is fuel oil (essentially:
           | diesel), in an oil burning furnace.
           | 
           | The best way to cut your heating bill in Northern Canada is
           | insulation, wooden houses are pretty good at this to begin
           | with, you can get pretty close to neutrality by some solid
           | engineering (South facing windows, take advantage of thermal
           | mass), then you only need to add additional heat besides what
           | you already generate when cooking on long stretches of
           | overcast days, which don't happen all that often there.
        
           | bregma wrote:
           | Where I live (rural Ontario), propane costs somewhere around
           | $2500/year for heat. Hydro costs about $4000. The sane people
           | stick to wood, which if you cut and split it yourself will
           | keep to under $1000. We have disconnected all the electric
           | heaters in my house (except for the newly-installed radiant-
           | heat floor in the bathroom, because it's a luxury I'm willing
           | to splurge on) and only fire up the second woodstove for
           | those weeks it drops below -20.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Have a look at heatpumps, you may end up with a very
             | pleasant surprise, assuming your lot is large enough. Even
             | shallow grids to really well.
        
               | bregma wrote:
               | Heat pumps don't work so well without some way to
               | circulate the heat inside the house and are useless
               | without electricity. I have a large acreage but the water
               | table is under 250' of granite, and there are no ducts in
               | my house. I would be very pleasantly surprised indeed if
               | I could harness geothermal without electricity, extreme
               | home renovations, and $100k in well-drilling costs.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Ah that makes it a lot harder, if not impossible. Too
               | bad!
        
               | birdman3131 wrote:
               | They are in the north. Heat pumps are worthless below a
               | certain point. I think around 10-20F.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | They work just fine, you're just going to go a bit deeper
               | then. I put a thermal sensor down an old well head in mid
               | winter, it was -20 Celsius at the surface and a 'balmy'
               | 12 degrees at 10 meters down. That gradient will allow
               | you to do a lot of good stuff if you use a freeze proof
               | working fluid for your heatpump.
        
               | flyingfences wrote:
               | Ground-source heat pumps take advantage of the fact that
               | the earth stays at reasonable temperatures below the
               | frost line.
        
               | ericd wrote:
               | I'm guessing in-ground heat pumps with their heat
               | exchanger liquid lines below the frost line still work...
        
             | xavieralexandre wrote:
             | Wouldn't you be able to have a heat floor heated by your
             | wood? If wood is cheap where you live heating water with it
             | is a nice upgrade from a basic wood stove.
        
               | bregma wrote:
               | Yes, it would be possible to use the heated cistern water
               | from the wood cookstove but that would mean running
               | insulated pipes through the house, using electric pumps
               | to move the water, and additional maintenance of all that
               | especially when it drops below freezing inside the house.
               | Besides, the joy of the electric radiant heating in the
               | bathroom is best experienced briefly first thing in the
               | morning before going to rouse the fires. The older I get
               | the more I'm willing to splurge on a few luxuries like
               | that.
        
               | xavieralexandre wrote:
               | I'm currently renovating a house and we live with a
               | single wood (pellet) stove for the whole building. Living
               | in a 16C home is surprisingly fine but the worst part is
               | indeed the cold bathroom in the morning.
        
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