[HN Gopher] Ephemeralization
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       Ephemeralization
        
       Author : dearwell
       Score  : 92 points
       Date   : 2021-10-25 18:13 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (en.wikipedia.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (en.wikipedia.org)
        
       | ElectronShak wrote:
       | > is the ability of technological advancement to do "more and
       | more with less and less until eventually you can do everything
       | with nothing,"
       | 
       | Curious, are No-Code tools an example of this?
        
         | isoprophlex wrote:
         | Smartphones are an example of this, I'd say.
         | 
         | Low/No code usually allows you to do some things, but not
         | everything... IMO.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | andrewtbham wrote:
           | Smartphones... yes. tvs are also an example. I have a flat
           | screen from 2005 and one from this year. the weight
           | difference is hard to believe.
        
       | missedthecue wrote:
       | This is what I always point to when people say capitalism is
       | unsustainable because it supposedly "requires infinite growth in
       | a closed system."
       | 
       | It doesn't require that, it only requires endless incremental
       | improvements in efficiency, which is perfectly possible, given
       | that even just the tiniest incremental improvement on a massive
       | problem can result in huge productivity gains. A great example is
       | farming. We produce more crop output than ever before all while
       | using less land, labor, and energy.
        
         | sfink wrote:
         | Right, the outputs are higher than ever with the least
         | conventionally measured inputs. Which was great for a while,
         | but we're well into the tail portion of the curve where the
         | advances are all accompanied with ever greater shifts of cost
         | to the unmeasured externalities. Modern farming is a hyper-
         | efficient process of converting fossil fuels -> fertilizer ->
         | corn & soy -> food and its many imitations, along with massive
         | environmental costs (CO2, runoff, freshwater usage and
         | groundwater depletion, ...)
        
       | xcambar wrote:
       | An interesting thought experiment, really.
       | 
       | But when I read:
       | 
       | > the ability of technological advancement to do "more and more
       | with less and less until eventually you can do everything with
       | nothing"
       | 
       | I add the footnote: "Terms and Conditions may apply" :)
       | 
       | The blind spot of the idea is: limits. Should it be rephrased
       | "eventually you can do almost everything with almost nothing",
       | I'd have dropped the "thought experiment" label.
        
         | oh-4-fucks-sake wrote:
         | Agree 100%.
         | 
         | Stated another way: asymptotic functions convincingly appear
         | that they'll hit zero--though obviously never do.
         | 
         | Same reason I'd be shocked if physicists ever achieve absolute
         | zero Kelvins in a lab.
        
       | Nition wrote:
       | > Ephemeralization, a term coined by R. Buckminster Fuller in
       | 1938, is the ability of technological advancement to do "more and
       | more with less and less until eventually you can do everything
       | with nothing."
       | 
       | Somewhat similarly - usually attributed to Konstantin Jirecek
       | (1954-1918) but really with unknown origins - this famous quote:
       | 
       | "We, the unwilling, led by the unknowing, are doing the
       | impossible for the ungrateful. We have done so much, for so long,
       | with so little, we are now qualified to do anything with
       | nothing."
        
       | rektide wrote:
       | such a nice fancy sounding word for something that is so great &
       | powerful but which also is a vast anti-Enlightenment force. we
       | used to see the world about us, could monkey with things about
       | us. butnhugh tech goods are deeply resistant to observation &
       | understanding. what used to be apparent & ooen for interaction
       | has become like magic to us, and we, humans, thr toolmakers,
       | understand & see less of our ephemeralizing infrastructure &
       | tools.
       | 
       | also ephemeralizes systems are often high capable, valuable
       | resources that only big powers in the world can afford or operate
       | well, much less build or develop. this lends to empheralized
       | technology being more prescriptive, typically. it is general &
       | adaptive & highly capable but rarely do we see examples of that
       | power being opened & expressed to random people coming into a
       | shop off the street, or to random consumers: consumers are given
       | a crafted experience, a set of flows carved out of the more
       | capable generalized ephemeralizes systems.
        
       | Geekette wrote:
       | Etymologically speaking, I find the adapted meaning of this term
       | irksome. Given that _ephemera_ is a 16th century word[1] that
       | refers to  "transitory written and printed matter" and
       | _ephemerality_ "the quality of existing only briefly"[2], one
       | would expect the standard definition for _ephemeralization_ to be
       | "the process of creating ephemera" or similar, as opposed to
       | "ability of technological advancement to do "more and more with
       | less and less until eventually you can do everything with
       | nothing" ".
       | 
       | [1] https://www.lexico.com/definition/ephemera [2]
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephemera_(disambiguation)
        
         | sfink wrote:
         | Now tell me how you feel about the common phrase "I'll be there
         | momentarily."
         | 
         | (I may logically accept that language follows usage, but I just
         | can't not be bothered by that one. Also, people don't seem to
         | like it when I reply "I hope you're right.")
        
           | Geekette wrote:
           | Interestingly enough, I'm less bothered by that. It could've
           | been worse, e.g. "I'll be there momentishly".
        
           | dane-pgp wrote:
           | Is it so hard to accept that "momentarily" refers to the
           | period of time before arriving, rather than after arriving?
           | 
           | Time is a subject that is hard to avoid using idioms to
           | convey, like when people ask "What time is it?" without
           | specifying what "it" refers to.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | sfink wrote:
       | This is the sneaky, flawed premise behind many instances of what
       | we call optimization. I have a Law of Optimization: the closer
       | you get to optimal on your chosen metrics, the more cost is
       | shifted to unmeasured externalities. (I imagine someone has named
       | this.) A stronger version would be to say that the distance to
       | optimal is inversely proportional to the externalized cost, so
       | that the total externalized cost goes to infinity as you squeeze
       | out ever-smaller increments of gain with respect to your chosen
       | metrics.
       | 
       | The important corollary is that you can get 80% of the way there
       | with very little externalized cost, and that going too far will
       | eventually reveal the oversimplification in your cost model.
       | 
       | You can move an object with near-zero energy, but it'll take 1000
       | years. You can get to net zero carbon emission by shifting it to
       | someone else or dumping it somewhere it isn't measured or is a
       | temporary sink that will eventually re-release. In my own area,
       | you can reduce garbage collection overhead to zero by either
       | never freeing anything (so the externalized cost is memory) or
       | shifting the GCs to happen in between the timed portions of a
       | benchmark (and this often happens accidentally, especially with a
       | "no regressions" policy!)
        
         | triska wrote:
         | A consultant I worked with compared the organization we wanted
         | to measure to an _air mattress_ : If you press it somewhere,
         | i.e., measure a specific point, the air goes elsewhere, and
         | another part is inflated. He used this analogy to explain the
         | importance of taking the entire situation into account, by
         | applying full cost accounting.
        
         | dane-pgp wrote:
         | If you don't want to take the credit for it, you could call it
         | the Pareto-Goodhart Law of Optimization, and state it something
         | like this:
         | 
         | "The closer a system gets to an optimal state, the greater the
         | propensity for the agents attempting to further optimize it to
         | externalize the costs of the system."
        
         | jjtheblunt wrote:
         | Your Law of Optimization reminds me of the (often popularly
         | ignored) denominator in the famous e = m c^2 equation.
         | 
         | I believe the full version has a (1 - (v/c)^2) denominator on
         | the right side; I think the Lorentz transformations motivate
         | this.
         | 
         | The upshot matches your observation in spirit: the closer you
         | get to the optimum (the celeritas/speed of light) the more
         | energy you require.
        
           | breck wrote:
           | Ironic the man who wrote `make the irreducible basic elements
           | as simple and as few as possible without having to surrender
           | the adequate representation of a single datum of experience.`
           | is most tagged with `e = mc^2`.
        
           | JadeNB wrote:
           | > Your Law of Optimization reminds me of the (often popularly
           | ignored) denominator in the famous e = m c^2 equation.
           | 
           | > I believe the full version has a (1 - (v/c)^2) denominator
           | on the right side ....
           | 
           | I think the question is what you mean by `m`. If it's
           | inertial mass, then I believe no correction is necessary. The
           | point is that the inertial mass `m` is the rest mass `m_0`
           | divided by `\sqrt{1 - (v/c)^2}`, as you say.
        
             | jjtheblunt wrote:
             | yes!
        
         | alexpetralia wrote:
         | Great comment. This is something I've thought for a long while,
         | especially as we see the suppressed costs of "optimized
         | systems" rear their ugly head against unplanned contingencies.
        
         | Nekhrimah wrote:
         | > You can get to net zero carbon emission by shifting it to
         | someone else or dumping it somewhere it isn't measured or is a
         | temporary sink that will eventually re-release.
         | 
         | Often referred to as tragedy of the commons.
        
       | colordrops wrote:
       | Realizing that you don't exist, as expressed by nondualist
       | spiritual traditions, would be the ultimate endpoint of this.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | Most of the technology I work on wouldn't be worth doing if the
       | global population hadn't grown 10x in the last century or so. You
       | need a large mass of people willing to pitch in a penny for an
       | improvement to their lives with expensive technology than a
       | smaller number of enthusiasts.
       | 
       | This brings economies of scale and suddenly 1000 things that
       | wouldn't be worth doing make a new thing that wasn't predicted.
       | The neo-malthusians didn't predict this happening with innovation
       | and markets (reminds me that the US patent office almost closed
       | 100 years ago saying 'everything has already been invented').
        
       | joshmarinacci wrote:
       | CDs and DVDs are a good example of this. I used to have a wall of
       | my apartment dedicated to media, all completely immaterial now.
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | The metaverse, NFTs, crypto, and digital goods are pointed to
         | as the next wave.
         | 
         | Staunch proponents will tell you that we'll be living in VR
         | metaverses, doing work remotely, earning crypto, buying virtual
         | properties, etc.
         | 
         | I'm personally bearish on crypto/NFTs, but kids like buying
         | digital goods in games. And VRChat is blowing up and looking
         | more and more like a threat to Facebook.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | robomc wrote:
         | that's also a good example of how it's often mostly or partly
         | faked through displacement as well though. your CD and DVD
         | collection has been replaced by round the clock maintenance of
         | the storage and transmission of that data, from the record
         | label or movie studio through various data centers, via a
         | number of middle-men companies all requiring their own ever-
         | changing and complex infrastructures, through a system of
         | caching and routing and cabling to your house, which needs to
         | take place over and over, forever. The only dependencies for
         | your old collection was shelving and the electricity grid,
         | otherwise they were stamped out of plastic once and good for at
         | least a few decades.
        
           | GauntletWizard wrote:
           | There was a lot of plastic stamped out, and there was a
           | round-the-clock distribution system for shipping those pieces
           | of plastic to middle men distributors and stores before they
           | got to you. There's a huge maintenance cost to these cloud
           | services, but there's plenty of evidence that the
           | environmental cost of that maintenance is much lower than the
           | cost of those DVDs.
           | 
           | Is it perfect? No, I'd much rather that a county-or-state
           | library system run the media library and have set of servers
           | and data that were shared and archived and synced with the
           | library of congress. It is by no means more expensive, in
           | terms of cash, middlemen or natural resources, for digital
           | delivery the way that's currently going on over buying DVDs.
        
       | chaps wrote:
       | I worked on a team that built an "ephemeral" system. Part of that
       | was to ensure that no state was logged. They were so proud of it
       | being built that way.
       | 
       | Problem was, the system failed constantly and we had no way of
       | knowing what the issue was without ssh'ing directly into a
       | machine and retrying the steps by hand.
       | 
       | I get what they were going for, but at the end of the day, their
       | opinions on how ideal systems "should be" ended up destroying
       | their project and ignored fundamentals.
       | 
       | Example: one of the main deployment hosts was constantly crashing
       | from disk space issues for over a year. Turns out when they
       | provisioned the host with 4GB of storage and 64GB of RAM. They
       | never troubleshot the host and just restarted its services
       | whenever it crashed!
        
         | spuz wrote:
         | That seems like a different kind of Ephemeralization than that
         | described in the article but interesting none the less.
        
       | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
       | Well you can only physically move an object so efficiently.
       | 
       | Unless everything we know about physics is wrong - you'll never
       | be able to move an object w/o any energy. For that reason - it's
       | hard to imagine a world with 7Bn people flying around at mach-2.
       | 
       | Our productivity gains are likely on an S-curve. It's hard to say
       | where we are in the curve.
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | That's a poor example... The theoretical energy expended to
         | move an object is zero.
         | 
         | All energy losses in moving things are due to inefficiencies
         | that we could theoretically engineer away. For example air
         | resistance could be eliminated with roads becoming vacuum
         | tubes. Wheel friction can be eliminated with magnetic
         | levitation. Braking energy can theoretically be fully
         | recovered, etc.
         | 
         | Today we don't do that because we care about other things (cost
         | etc), but if in the future energy costs went up dramatically,
         | engineers would reconsider...
        
           | diarrhea wrote:
           | There are fundamental thermodynamical limits to certain
           | processes involving energy transfer, conversion etc. Heat
           | transfer comes to mind. Those cannot be engineered away.
           | 
           | For simple mechanical systems, yes, inefficiencies can be
           | removed, but it's more like externalizing them. How is the
           | vacuum created and maintained? That requires a compressor, an
           | inherently not lossless machine.
        
           | Twisol wrote:
           | > The theoretical energy expended to move an object is zero.
           | 
           | The theoretical energy expended to _keep an object moving_ is
           | zero. The theoretical energy transferred _to_ the object to
           | get it moving is deeply non-zero, even as the energy
           | transferred _from_ the object to get it to stop moving is
           | also nonzero. If you have a finite energy budget, even under
           | theoretical conditions, you can only have a finite number of
           | objects moving up to speed at any given time.
           | 
           | I know you acknowledge this in the rest of your message, but
           | I don't think the original example is poor for the reason you
           | give.
        
             | sfink wrote:
             | The theoretical energy expended to move an object tends
             | toward zero, without limit, as the allowed time increases.
             | Which is _almost_ the same thing.
             | 
             | (Allowing it to take 12 billion years to move an inch is
             | rather useless, but that's the same issue with the
             | ephemeralization argument in general: it ignores all other
             | measures of "cost".)
        
         | theandrewbailey wrote:
         | And for that matter, data can only be processed and transmitted
         | at a certain efficiency.
        
       | gamegoblin wrote:
       | This article is about technological progress enabling doing more
       | with less. I've been having a tangentially related thought about
       | general project planning as it pertains to technological
       | progress.
       | 
       | The thesis is: Unless you can create an optimistic project plan
       | that results in the project's completion within 5 years, the
       | money would be better spent on doing basic research.
       | 
       | The thesis is informed by the ITER fusion reactor project, which
       | was started in 2007 and whose current target date is 2025 (but
       | will likely slip, as it has before), but that date is for first
       | plasma formation and not actual deuterium-tritium fusion, which
       | won't happen until 2035.
       | 
       | Meanwhile, during this timeline, advances in materials science,
       | namely higher temperature superconductors, have opened the
       | possibility of significantly smaller and simpler designs, some of
       | which are being plausibly pursued by startups (eg SPARC).
       | 
       | So I wonder if a general heuristic to guide science funding would
       | be something like "if the optimistic timeline is > 10 years,
       | invest instead in basic research that could potentially develop
       | technologies that would shorten that timeline".
       | 
       | This thesis is also generally informed by the relative success of
       | New Space (eg SpaceX) companies compared to Old Space (eg Boeing)
       | companies. Elon has famously said "if the plan is long, the plan
       | is wrong", and I think that philosophy has demonstrably worked
       | out well for SpaceX.
        
         | 7373737373 wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstellar_travel#Wait_calcu...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | kurthr wrote:
         | Agreed, for hardware and manufacturing related development it
         | is very difficult to see out past 5 years where anything new is
         | being attempted. Within 3-5 years you are largely constrained
         | by current available manufacturing, fabs, and processes, but
         | farther out there may be better choices. You may be better
         | served by doing the research (or collaborating with a supplier)
         | to build new production capacity (understanding their
         | challenges) for anything further out.
         | 
         | Look at DUV lithography where a huge industry flipped on its
         | head in 5 years, while X-ray lithography had been in
         | development (and written off) for so many decades it had to be
         | renamed. That required real R&D not tweaking current available
         | equipment, which led to asymetric advantages and huge profits
         | (Zero to One).
        
       | kmarc wrote:
       | THANK YOU for posting this. Another piece of the puzzle is in
       | place for me.
       | 
       | I myself sometimes thought-experiment about this (the
       | ephemeralization tendency) during running, taking the tram etc
       | but until now I didn't realize much bigger thinkers than I am ;-)
       | already described this
       | 
       | The wikipedia article with referenced other pages and this HN
       | topic are a great source of info for me. Thanks for it!
        
       | bsedlm wrote:
       | I like to think mathematics is really all about this
       | *theroetical* pursuit.
       | 
       | Assume nothing, explain everything. Thus I claim that
       | mathematical constants are a failure of the mathematicians. This
       | level of constantless mathematics would have its users
       | recalculating pi every single time.
        
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