[HN Gopher] History of Lisp (1979) [pdf]
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       History of Lisp (1979) [pdf]
        
       Author : iamcurious
       Score  : 94 points
       Date   : 2021-10-25 17:48 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (jmc.stanford.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (jmc.stanford.edu)
        
       | jll29 wrote:
       | The bibliography mentions Herbert Stoyan "wrote several chapters"
       | about the history of LISP, but doesn't give more details.
       | 
       | Professor Stoyan, who held the chair of Artificial Intelligence
       | at Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, actually
       | donated his LISP history paper to the Computer History Museum.
       | 
       | Here is an overview of the material:
       | https://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/10270323...
       | 
       | https://wwwdh.cs.fau.de/de/stoyan.html
       | 
       | (I was lucky to count him as one of my undergraduate teachers.)
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | Wow, that looks like an amazing collection. I wonder if there
         | is any initiative afoot to digitize (some|any|all) of the
         | material and place it online?
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Some past threads. Others?
       | 
       |  _History of Lisp (1979) [pdf]_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23201888 - May 2020 (11
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _History of Lisp (1979) [pdf]_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17846522 - Aug 2018 (10
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _History of Lisp_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5825698
       | - June 2013 (20 comments)
       | 
       |  _History of Lisp by John McCarthy (1979)_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=372385 - Nov 2008 (1
       | comment)
        
       | iamcurious wrote:
       | The invention of the if-expression in page 11 is a gem.
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | I'm still curious if the if / funarg conversations in the lisp
         | team predated and influenced algol lexical scoping.
        
           | iamcurious wrote:
           | Algol and Lisp were both specified in 1968, but Algol only
           | introduced lexical scoping two years later. So probably yes.
           | I don't have evidence though.
        
             | rwhaling wrote:
             | Algol 60 had lexical scoping in 1960 (while Lisp was in
             | development) and this was known to be equivalent to the
             | lambda calculus by the folks working on it by 1965 or so -
             | https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/363744.363749
             | 
             | I think the consensus is that Scheme was the first Lisp to
             | fully embrace lexical scope, in 1975?
             | 
             | [edited for clarity and punctuation]
        
               | kazinator wrote:
               | I believe Algol 60 had downward-funarg-only lexical
               | scoping, whereby if you return a function with a captured
               | environment, the coach turns into a pumpkin (unless it is
               | somehow disallowed).
               | 
               | Lambda Calculus specifies the real deal; functions can
               | calculate functions.
        
               | agumonkey wrote:
               | But james slagle issue came before algol was finished,
               | and IIRC some algol document mentions the funarg problem
               | too, so there was crosspollinisation.
        
           | abecedarius wrote:
           | search for 'funarg'
        
         | abecedarius wrote:
         | I found this on page 5 rather than 11.
        
           | iamcurious wrote:
           | Thanks! Page 11 also has a good bit about scoping.
        
         | jimbokun wrote:
         | Heh:
         | 
         | > A paper defining conditional expressions and proposing their
         | use in Algol was sent to the Communications of the ACM but was
         | arbitrarily demoted to a letter to the editor, because it was
         | very short.
         | 
         | Someone should have realized a short letter from John McCarthy
         | is likely more significant than most long papers from other
         | researchers.
        
           | math-dev wrote:
           | Did John Mccarthy invent the IF statement for all languages?
        
             | Jtsummers wrote:
             | The if-expression and if-statement are different things.
             | 
             | if-statements result in conditional execution of different
             | statements, but do not return values themselves. Borrowing
             | C's syntax for if _statements_ the following is not
             | allowed:                 int next = if (odd(current)) {
             | 3*current + 1; } else {current / 2;};
             | 
             | That's not a valid expression in C.
             | 
             | if-expressions return a value, and C _does_ have an if-
             | expression with its ternary operator:                 int
             | next = odd(current)? 3*current + 1 : current / 2;
             | 
             | if-statements are ubiquitous to nearly every programming
             | language. Even when they aren't done with the _if_ keyword
             | and more familiar syntax, even unstructured languages with
             | conditional branching instructions and goto permit you to
             | write something like an if- _statement_ (just disguised by
             | the usually more verbose unstructured form).
             | 
             | if-expressions are less universally available (though I'm
             | unsure of any higher-level-than-assembly language still in
             | popular use that doesn't have an if-expression equivalent).
        
       | leoc wrote:
       | This is McCarthy's paper on Lisp for HOPL (1)
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Programming_Languag...
       | in 1978.
       | 
       | McCarthy praised Herbert Stoyan's historical work on early Lisp
       | http://www.mcjones.org/dustydecks/archives/2010/07/29/185/
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20050617031004/http://www8.infor...
       | above his own "History of Lisp": "Stoyan's reading of the early
       | LISP documents gives a more accurate picture than my own memories
       | turned out to have given." http://www-
       | formal.stanford.edu/jmc/history/
       | 
       | For HOPL 2 in 1993 Guy Steele and Richard P. Gabriel wrote "The
       | Evolution of Lisp"
       | https://www.dreamsongs.com/Files/HOPL2-Uncut.pdf which continued
       | the story up to about 1992-3.
        
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       (page generated 2021-10-25 23:00 UTC)