[HN Gopher] Engineer demos how SpaceX is building fracked well g...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Engineer demos how SpaceX is building fracked well gas plant
        
       Author : icapulet2
       Score  : 169 points
       Date   : 2021-10-16 16:25 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (esghound.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (esghound.substack.com)
        
       | Ericson2314 wrote:
       | Guess solar isn't so good at industrial scale, eh?
       | 
       | They should go build some fission reactors instead.
        
         | roywiggins wrote:
         | Given how much Musk gets compared to Iron Man, you'd think he'd
         | spend some time working on fusion to build his own Arc Reactor.
        
           | roywiggins wrote:
           | to be clear, I'm not even against this. it seems like the
           | sort of thing he might take a crack at, and it would be
           | substantially more useful than car tunnels to nowhere
        
         | Jweb_Guru wrote:
         | Yeah wow you sure showed those people trying to power rockets
         | with solar power.
        
           | dragontamer wrote:
           | The FAA document is pretty clear on this subject.
           | 
           | SpaceX is building a 1MW solar plant and a 250MW natural gas
           | plant. See the document in question: https://www.faa.gov/spac
           | e/stakeholder_engagement/spacex_star...
           | 
           | Just Ctrl-F on "250 MW", to find page 130/131, which
           | discusses the 1MW solar + 250MW natural gas plan.
           | 
           | --------
           | 
           | As such, we know how they're planning on powering the rocket.
           | With traditional natural gas methodologies: a 250MW natural
           | gas power plant, as well as this liquid-natural-gas
           | processing plant.
        
             | Ericson2314 wrote:
             | Oh thought they were burning the gas for more base
             | electricity.
             | 
             | This does make sense, but it is odd that the existing gas
             | market is not sufficient.
        
               | dragontamer wrote:
               | > This does make sense, but it is odd that the existing
               | gas market is not sufficient.
               | 
               | Its not very clear why the PEA is setup in this manner at
               | all. We know that SpaceX wouldn't ask for something from
               | the regulators unless they had a plan for it, but that's
               | about it.
               | 
               | I think it would have been reasonable to just pipe 99.9%
               | pure methane from some other producer (it is Texas after
               | all, surely there's a supplier out there willing to sell
               | a bunch of methane to SpaceX??).
               | 
               | What's absurd is that the PEA calculations seem to be
               | calculated from the standpoint of a raw-mining operation,
               | and not pre-treated methane. This implies that SpaceX is
               | planning on purifying its own methane, instead of buying
               | it up from a large market that already exists in the
               | area.
               | 
               | ----------
               | 
               | I'm sure rocket fuel needs more treatment steps than
               | commodity natural gas. But starting from commodity
               | natural gas probably would have been easier, rather than
               | starting from a well?
        
           | MayeulC wrote:
           | I mean you can produce methane trough CO2 capture and a lot
           | of solar power. That's basically what musk said was the goal
           | on mars, so they could develop that tech as well.
           | 
           | Or space-based solar. If anyone has the capability, it's
           | spacex.
        
             | Jweb_Guru wrote:
             | Musk says a lot of dumb things. I'm about as far as a Musk
             | fan as you can be. But acting like rockets are going to be
             | powered by clean energy in the foreseeable future is just
             | wishful thinking.
        
               | rpmisms wrote:
               | > But acting like rockets are going to be powered by
               | clean energy in the foreseeable future is just wishful
               | thinking.
               | 
               | So were practical electric cars 20 years ago.
        
       | davidgerard wrote:
       | Just pinged ESGHound that his post had made the HN front page,
       | and now he knows where the new readers flaming him on Twitter
       | were coming in from
       | https://twitter.com/ESGhound/status/1449471403225337856
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | As an aside, it's nice to see that you're on HN, David!
        
       | ESGHound wrote:
       | Heres a tl;dr from Reddit. I'm very tired as this is a _big deal_
       | and no, I don 't have a cohesive narrative throughout the series.
       | I was trying to get as much information out there during the very
       | short 30-day window for public comment. I believe public comment
       | is super important for these types of projects. I have over a
       | decade of experience in this specific field, and have worked as a
       | regulator, for non-profits, and as an employee of big oil and
       | gas. Please go easy on me
       | 
       | SpaceX and FAA snuck a bunch of oil and gas infrastructure
       | including a gas plant, a LNG a 250 MW power plant into an
       | "insignificant/minor change" NEPA environmental review document
       | that was supposed to just be for bigger rockets.
       | 
       | It has tons of basic errors, missing data, and even though NEPA
       | is a public disclosure law, no one is talking about the oil stuff
       | at all Also implied, but explicitly not noted in the document are
       | a 1. Pipeline that needs to be constructed and 2. the huge amount
       | of newly drilled oil and gas wells in a region of Texas that
       | currently has no production to speak of.
       | 
       | Oh and all of this is on a federally protected wildlife reserve.
       | And it's super illegal and unprecedented and brings about all
       | sorts of uncomfortable questions about regulatory capture
        
         | dumbfoundded wrote:
         | Thank you for your insightful research.
         | 
         | What can individuals do? Is there a place to leave public
         | comments?
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | > I believe public comment is super important for these types
         | of projects.
         | 
         | Something I've always wondered: How is it that public comments
         | have power? What stops officials from mostly ignoring them or
         | misconstruing them? And if the comments do have power, what
         | stops vested interests from hijacking them?
        
       | ed wrote:
       | Additional context
       | 
       | > Musk's SpaceX aims to use a site in South Texas to launch
       | rockets to carry people and cargo to the moon and Mars. To do
       | that, the company intends to drill gas wells to make its own fuel
       | and electricity, according a Federal Aviation Administration
       | document seen by Bloomberg.
       | 
       | > The SpaceX site in Texas will be supplied by at least five
       | nearby gas wells, along with two gas-fired power plants,
       | according to the FAA document. Purified gas from the wells will
       | be pumped into refrigeration equipment that turns it into liquid
       | methane, the document shows. The methane can be combined with
       | liquid oxygen and other compounds to make rocket fuel.
       | 
       | https://www.rigzone.com/news/wire/spacex_texas_plans_face_pu...
        
         | brabel wrote:
         | If anyone had any doubt about whether Elon really had the
         | environment in mind when he founded Tesla, I think now you've
         | got your answer. In fact, most people driving electric cars
         | likely wouldn't think twice about building a fracked well if
         | they knew they could make millions from that... if they really
         | cared about the environment, they wouldn't even drive around.
        
           | DisjointedHunt wrote:
           | How much carbon does one year of fires in California produce?
           | For all the regulations on reducing usage, the wise
           | politicians enabled conditions through neglect of forest care
           | and trimming to allow fires so large, the plume could be seen
           | from space and darkened skies as far north as Seattle.
           | 
           | The point here is, what is good for the climate isn't the
           | purview of these simplistic views of climate science.
           | 
           | Drilling a well doesn't automatically kill everything Mother
           | Nature created or anything. . . The economic shift that Tesla
           | single handful brought about to get all of traditional auto
           | to move to electric cannot be overstated.
           | 
           | So stop using "The Environment" as a battering ram that only
           | your point of view protects. It is wrong.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | Carbon from forest fires is part of the short-term carbon
             | cycle because it came out of the atmosphere quite recently.
             | It is fundamentally different from carbon found underground
             | that was deposited before humans existed.
        
               | DisjointedHunt wrote:
               | [Edit]: You're a coward if you downvote to suppress an
               | opinion without having the decency to engage in debate.
               | 
               | Jesus. . You actually think carbon released from burning
               | wood is exempt from the whole "making the planet
               | unlivable" effect?
               | 
               | Repeat that to yourself while you watch the skies turn
               | red. That's a ridiculous statement to make.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | Forest fires are part of forests' natural life cycles and
               | are, in general, carbon neutral. Forests fixate
               | atmospheric carbon and release it through cellular
               | respiration, decomposition and fires. That atmospheric
               | carbon is then fixated again via vegetative growth.
               | 
               | The issue is burning hydrocarbons we pump out of the
               | ground, because doing so interrupts the equilibrium
               | between atmospheric carbon and natural carbon sinks like
               | forests in the carbon cycle.
        
               | bleh123 wrote:
               | Can you cite a single reputable source that backs your
               | claim that, specifically, the forest fires in California
               | that released enough smoke and carbon that they reddened
               | skies as far north as Seattle are part of the "Natural
               | cycle" and are "Carbon Neutral"?
        
               | TigeriusKirk wrote:
               | Where did you come across this idea?
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | Multiple classes and professors I've had in college, and
               | textbooks I've read. This is basic environmental science.
               | 
               | Here's a short slideshow about the carbon cycle from a
               | meteorology course[1], under short-term carbon cycle
               | you'll see wildfires, decomposition, cellular respiration
               | etc. Here's research from NASA[2]. Here's a paper that
               | cites numerous references to these facts[3].
               | 
               | Here's what the state of CA says[4]:
               | 
               | > _Fire is an important part of the carbon cycle. Fire
               | consumes organic matter, releasing greenhouse gases
               | including CO2, methane, carbon monoxide, and other
               | materials. Trees and plants not immediately consumed in
               | the fire may be killed and decompose rapidly, releasing
               | CO2._
               | 
               | > _Although fire produces carbon emissions, it is also a
               | natural and necessary part of the ecosystem, especially
               | in California where plants are adapted to fire. Rather
               | than eliminate fire, the goal is to maintain historical
               | fire regimes and thus avoid catastrophic fires that occur
               | when fuels build up to unnatural levels._
               | 
               | [1] https://www.sjsu.edu/people/frank.freedman/courses/me
               | tr113/s...
               | 
               | [2]
               | https://icp.giss.nasa.gov/research/ppa/2001/tpenafort/
               | 
               | [3] https://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs_other/rmrs_2014_loehman
               | _r001.p...
               | 
               | [4] https://www.fire.ca.gov/programs/resource-
               | management/resourc...
        
               | speedybird wrote:
               | If you think wildfire smoke makes a region unlivable,
               | then consider that before deciding where to live.
               | Wildfires are a natural part of the ecological cycle in
               | some parts of the world. You can fault California for
               | botching their forest management by suppressing fires and
               | consequently causing larger fires later on, but either
               | way you will have to cope with the smoke.
               | 
               | (Also, the sky turning red is actually somewhat pretty.
               | The real harm is what it does to your lungs. Better air
               | filtration indoors is the answer to this, and happily,
               | also a good way to mitigate the risk of respiratory
               | diseases..)
        
               | plorg wrote:
               | Sure, but when the smoke is bad enough to create bad air
               | quality over half a continent away I think it's more than
               | a "you chose to live in the wrong place" problem.
        
               | bleh123 wrote:
               | So . . what is the statement you're making?
               | 
               | That those forest fires that could have been avoided are
               | "natural" and that i shouldn't care about the negligent
               | pollution of air or the planet since i should just "move
               | away" ?
               | 
               | I'm having a hard time squaring any of this with the
               | outrage you've displayed in your other comments about a
               | well being drilled.
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | "[Edit]: You're a coward if you downvote to suppress an
               | opinion without having the decency to engage in debate."
               | 
               | The other explanation would be, that your arguments and
               | discussion style are not the best and not worth engaging
               | with.
        
               | DisjointedHunt wrote:
               | Enjoy the internet points counter go to zero then while
               | you and the hive mind declare that one kind of fire
               | produces different carbon than the other based on the
               | political affiliation of the cause.
               | 
               | Maybe that's the uncomfortable debate? Idk, what do i
               | know man? I'm just a guy with questions for idiotic
               | sounding arguments without a citation.
        
               | agar wrote:
               | > the hive mind declare that one kind of fire produces
               | different carbon than the other...Maybe that's the
               | uncomfortable debate?
               | 
               | Just a random reader here, but no one is saying this.
               | Either you're willfully ignoring the point, or you missed
               | it. It has nothing to do with "a different kind of
               | carbon" or "the political affiliation of the cause."
               | 
               | Here is another explanation. I hope you find it not
               | idiotic, and you'll find a citation for everything I say
               | (including quotes from the source to back up my specific
               | comments):
               | 
               | Hydrocarbons in the form of fossil fuels have been stored
               | for millions of years. They reflect carbons that have not
               | been extant in the atmosphere for so long that they have
               | been irrelevant to the climate. These fuels also
               | developed over geological time, so the creation of /new/
               | fossil fuel (i.e., carbon) stores is also irrelevant to
               | our climate in human-scale years.
               | 
               | On the contrary, carbons in the form of trees, bushes,
               | and grasses have been pulled from the atmosphere within
               | the past years or decades (plant mass comes from
               | atmospheric carbon, not the ground) as the plants and
               | trees grew.
               | 
               | When grasses and trees burn, yes - that carbon gets
               | released into the atmosphere. But it then gets
               | photosynthesized back into grasses and trees over the
               | next years and decades, recapturing that carbon in a time
               | period that is relevant to human lifespans.
               | 
               | However when fossil fuels burn, they release net-new
               | (from an atmospheric perspective) carbon with no
               | recapture mechanism available for perhaps millions of
               | years.
               | 
               | Of course there are exceptions. Old growth forests have
               | an outsized impact on atmospheric carbon vs. grasslands.
               | Additionally, the climate change-driven increase in
               | forest fire frequency, combined with our already-high
               | carbon levels, mean the short-term increase in carbon may
               | have an outsized influence on drought and other negative
               | climate changes before it can be recaptured.
               | 
               | So yes, recent environmental research is looking far more
               | carefully at forest fires' impact on carbon load and
               | climate impact. But no, this has nothing to do with
               | "trimming" or "raking" our forests. Nor does it have to
               | do with the "politics" of fossil fuel vs. forestry, nor
               | is it "different carbon."
               | 
               | I hope this helps answer your questions.
               | 
               | Reference: https://www.futuredirections.org.au/publicatio
               | n/wildfires-gr...
               | 
               | > In Australia wildfires may well be GHG emission neutral
               | over time. A recent report released by the Australian
               | Government Department of Industry, Science, Energy and
               | Resources concluded that based on existing evidence, "...
               | bushfires release significant amounts of carbon dioxide,
               | but generally recover over time, generating a significant
               | carbon sink in the years following the fire."
               | 
               | > For millennia fire has been a feature of the natural
               | environment. An equilibrium existed whereby the quantity
               | of CO2 released into the atmosphere by burning and the
               | quantity stored in plant material by photosynthesis
               | remained neutral.
               | 
               | > This view, while appropriately conservative in the
               | context of the Kyoto protocols in 1997, now still
               | understates the importance of wildfire related GHG
               | emission in two ways. Firstly, CO2 released into the
               | atmosphere by wildfires can remain there for a period of
               | approximately seven months before it is re-captured by
               | photosynthesis. During this time it will contribute to
               | the warming of the planet. Secondly, and most
               | importantly, there is compelling evidence from a number
               | of sources that the incidence and intensity of wildfires
               | is increasing.
        
             | ahmedalsudani wrote:
             | Filed under non sequitur.
        
               | DisjointedHunt wrote:
               | There are four paragraphs in the comment. If you have the
               | patience to read through to at least the third , you'd
               | see the comparison.
               | 
               | It's amazing to see the standard of debate in a thread on
               | HN slip so bad that people don't have conversations
               | anymore, but walk in with the "know it all" mentality to
               | downvote .
        
               | ahmedalsudani wrote:
               | For the record I'm not against using fossil fuels for any
               | purpose.
               | 
               | No matter how many paragraphs you turn it into, the
               | forest fires in California have nothing to do with
               | fracking gas. Don't turn a discussion of a private
               | company's behaviour into a culture war.
        
             | idiotsecant wrote:
             | >the wise politicians enabled conditions through neglect of
             | forest care and trimming
             | 
             | It baffles me that this is so often repeated when it is
             | quite clearly inaccurate if you just think about it for a
             | second.
             | 
             | First of all, you don't "trim" a forest the size of many
             | small countries. This isn't a city park. It would take
             | every man, woman, and child's sum efforts to 'landscape'
             | even a fraction of the forests in the PNW. That's like
             | saying that the reason the sea is rising is that nobody is
             | running an ice cube maker to refreeze the ice caps.
             | 
             | But to speak to the real origination of this point -
             | resource extraction for the benefit of those who control
             | the cable news narrative: You don't prevent forest fires by
             | logging. That is an old meme from the resource extraction
             | industry - not only does it not prevent wildfires, it
             | _also_ destroys biodiversity of the ecosystems where old,
             | diverse growth is replaced with pine stands.
             | 
             | Forest fires are required for the natural lifecycle of a
             | forest - there are species that cannot reproduce without a
             | forest fire. Not only small brush type plants that thrive
             | in the absence of overgrowth but also the largest organisms
             | in the forest- the trees themselves! Vast areas of the PNW
             | are dominated by so-called 'serotinous cone' deciduous
             | trees whose cones will lay dormant for years, coated in a
             | thick plastic-like resin layer that only allows the cone to
             | release seeds _after_ the resin is melted away by forest
             | fire (when the chances of successfully growing are highest)
             | 
             | Forests _require_ fires to be healthy. A big part of why
             | wildfires are so bad now is that we haven 't let them
             | happen for so long because there are more and more people
             | moving into the areas that previously experienced healthy
             | burns. This lead practices to try to prevent fires from
             | happening. Meanwhile, brush built up year after year after
             | year and eventually the fires that _do_ happen are orders
             | of magnitude worse. Climate change and the resulting
             | temperatures and changes in the  'moisture battery'
             | throughout the year are also massive contributors, but that
             | is a whole other post.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | Thanks. Do you have any good sources on the topic that I
               | can read? I would love to cut through all the politicized
               | BS.
        
           | gameswithgo wrote:
           | This sort of ridiculous cynicism doesn't help that cause.
        
           | schiffern wrote:
           | >If anyone had any doubt about whether Elon really had the
           | environment in mind when he founded Tesla, I think now you've
           | got your answer.
           | 
           | This sort of "tribal purity" logic is silly: "if you've ever
           | done anything negative, it means you never intended to do
           | anything positive."
           | 
           | This is nothing but the environmentalism equivalent of the
           | old "you're either with us or against us, we're at war!"
           | fallacy.
           | 
           | Rockets have always used fossil fuels. This is not news. The
           | fact that SpaceX is vertically integrating changes nothing
           | about that. On the contrary it likely _reduces_ leaks (which
           | is a good thing) by shortening the processing chain.
        
             | antattack wrote:
             | SpaceX will pay hefty taxes if carbon tax is implemented,
             | yet Musk is still strong proponent of carbon tax.
        
               | Denvercoder9 wrote:
               | Relative to revenue, carbon tax won't be that significant
               | for SpaceX.
               | 
               | There aren't any exact numbers yet, but Starship will
               | burn about 5000 metric tons of propellant in a single
               | launch. Assuming a stoichiometric ratio of CH4 to O2,
               | that'll emit about 2600 metric tons of CO2 (the rest is
               | water). According to the ICAO emissions calculator, a
               | roundtrip by plane between LA and London emits about 0.9
               | metric tons of CO2 per passenger. Thus, a Starship launch
               | generates the same emissions as 2900 passengers making
               | that trip.
               | 
               | At the $400 price I get for that trip on Google Flights,
               | those 2900 passengers generate about $1.2 million in
               | revenue for the airline. A single Starship launch will
               | generate $100 million in revenue for SpaceX.
        
           | nathanvanfleet wrote:
           | Wait, your argument is that everyone would build a fracking
           | gas plant if they could? What an odd thing to say.
        
         | zionic wrote:
         | Seems like stargaze would be a good candidate for Tesla solar +
         | mega pack installation. 10 mega packs should do the trick.
        
       | SergeAx wrote:
       | On today's Lucy launch stream a huge torch was visible nearby.
       | First stage was kerosene-powered, second was using hydrogen. I
       | wonder if this torch is to burn hydrogen byproducts?
        
       | mark212 wrote:
       | What I can't seem to find the answer to in this very long and
       | stream-of-consciousness style series of posts is why the author
       | thinks the FAA is the only relevant federal agency. They complain
       | constantly about violating NEPA and accuse the FAA of just
       | waiving this through ... but there's no way someone can operate a
       | point-source emitter (e.g., large 250mw power station, let alone
       | the natural gas processing facility) without getting a permit
       | from the relevant air quality regulator.
       | 
       | Might be the EPA but I'm guessing it'll be TCEQ; most states,
       | especially the large ones, have their own state agencies and so
       | long as the standard exceeds what the federal minimums are, then
       | they issue the permits. This is the scheme set up by the Clean
       | Water Act and Clean Air Act. (I practice in California and we
       | have two separate state agencies, one for air and one for water.
       | It seems like Texas Comm'n on Enviro Quality does both per their
       | website.) The EPA doesn't get involved in permit issuing and the
       | state agencies even have authority over other federal agencies'
       | operations and issue permits to them.
       | 
       | So if the FAA is asleep at the switch, who really cares? There's
       | a whole second governmental regulator out there and a host of
       | environmental non-profits and local governments with standing to
       | sue if they think that regulator has made a decision they don't
       | like.
       | 
       | It's like complaining that the plumbing inspector hasn't given
       | proper consideration to the minimum set-backs and architectural
       | character of the neighborhood and signs off on the new toilets
       | and showers for a house renovation. Like, who cares? You can't
       | move in without getting the final permit from the City and even
       | if you did get that permit, the neighbors can sue and stop
       | construction if they think the City made the wrong decision.
       | 
       | What am I missing? Why is this author so obviously emotionally
       | distraught?
        
         | ChuckMcM wrote:
         | It's a valid question. I am surprised (as I am usually) at the
         | emotional content of these sorts of things.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | > I am surprised (as I am usually) at the emotional content
           | of these sorts of things.
           | 
           | You're _surprised_ by emotional content of politicized
           | issues, such as the environment and anything Elon Musk?
        
             | ChuckMcM wrote:
             | Yes I am. Contextually Texas has a huge methane problem[1]
             | and there is every indication that SpaceX will run their
             | facility in a responsible way. What people "get" for SpaceX
             | running that activity is a space capability that is
             | superior to every other nation on the planet.
             | 
             | I do understand being emotional about the environment and a
             | desire to preserve it in the presence of people and the
             | activities that we have to do to survive. So I understand
             | being emotional about an administration rolling back EPA
             | restrictions on coal power waste water release[2] (for
             | example).
             | 
             | Analogy: I don't understand a co-worker being "mad" at you
             | for driving 10 miles to the office because they ride their
             | bike that same distance and are therefore doing more for
             | the environment than you are. Proud of their own efforts?
             | Sure. Mad because not everyone can do what they do? No, I
             | don't understand that.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.texasobserver.org/methane-abandoned-oil-
             | wells/
             | 
             | [2] https://www.ewg.org/news-insights/news-release/trump-
             | epa-rol...
        
       | spamizbad wrote:
       | People are being critical of SpaceX for this, but it makes
       | perfect sense for their business model.
       | 
       | As climate change disrupts life on earth there will be greater
       | demand for SpaceX's and Tesla's products and services. It is only
       | rational Elon Musk would seek to accelerate climate change - it
       | would be foolish of him to try and stop it. Every ton of carbon
       | in the atmosphere will eventually become money in his pocket.
        
         | inglor_cz wrote:
         | A back of the napkin calculation shows that launching 1000
         | Starships a year is still a rounding error in humanity's carbon
         | footprint.
         | 
         | If Elon wants to measurably accelerate climate change, he's
         | doing it all wrong. So, in all likelihood, he doesn't.
        
       | nimbius wrote:
       | Looking at the image in the article, the 'fast fire accellerator'
       | looks suspiciously like a traditional waste gas flare common for
       | the past 50 years in petroleum refining.
       | 
       | Its common to try and redefine these as the EPA cracks down on
       | them and they are environmentally bad. The last major push in
       | industry was to try calling them a steam flare.
       | 
       | Disclosure: I worked a few years in refineries as a mechanical
       | maintenance contractor.
        
         | agar wrote:
         | IIRC, there is no longer a waste gas flare at SpaceX's
         | facilities. They are doing methane recapture and recondensing.
        
       | aazaa wrote:
       | The article shows many tables without ever quoting sources. In
       | the previous article in the series, the author claims:
       | 
       | > ... I'm a "forensic environmental data specialist" (I invented
       | the term just now). I use the troves of free to the public data
       | located in regulatory submittals and permits to extract useful
       | information. ...
       | 
       | Great. If free to the public, where are the links? Clicking on
       | those table images just links to the images themselves.
       | 
       | The article itself is stream-of-consciousness writing with little
       | effort to organize or edit down the useless brain droppings from
       | this author. I bring this up because if the author wants to be
       | taken seriously, style matters, as do bend-over-backwards efforts
       | to document claims. Especially claims against large organizations
       | with deep pockets.
       | 
       | Even for regular HN readers, it helps to be able to verify for
       | oneself claims made of a quantitative nature.
        
         | RobLach wrote:
         | The sheets are linked in previous parts of the series, as well
         | as the data.
         | 
         | For example: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1xO-
         | OsDaQBnaCDGqHAtbz...
        
         | mark212 wrote:
         | I agree with you. This is poorly written, random snark. It
         | seems sort of plausible but it's like looking at a pile of Lego
         | and thinking "Yeah, maybe you could make a Millennium Falcon
         | from this I think?"
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | ESGHound is the source that broke this story[1] about SpaceX
           | that was featured on TechCrunch last week, and this
           | submission stems from that investigation. You might not like
           | their style of writing, but it would be foolish to dismiss it
           | because it offends your taste.
           | 
           | [1] https://techcrunch.com/2021/10/08/the-mystery-of-elon-
           | musks-...
        
         | ESGHound wrote:
         | I've cited every single claim I've made. And no, I'm not a fan
         | of Musk.
         | 
         | From a legal and technical standpoint, My work has been run
         | through legal, environmental, and oil and gas engineers I've
         | worked with over the years.
        
           | ChuckMcM wrote:
           | Not sure why you are getting downvoted but the GP comment had
           | a very specific request, link to the data source. You've no
           | doubt got those links somewhere right? Adding a post of links
           | to all the public filings would be a real asset here.
        
             | dragontamer wrote:
             | Would it be helpful to maybe discuss which step of the
             | discussion that people are getting tripped up on?
             | 
             | The core of this particular argument is the following:
             | 
             | > Think about it like this. We have 3 variables:
             | 
             | > 1. Inlet Gas Flow rate (measured by mmscf/d but easily
             | convertible to pounds methane equiv.)
             | 
             | > 2. The VOC content mass % of the inlet stream
             | 
             | > 3. The Loss Rate through leaks in valves, fittings, etc.
             | This is the fraction of the total inlet stream is lost to
             | the air
             | 
             | > We simply multiply these three items together to get:
             | 
             | > 4. The VOC emission rate in tons per year (US short tons
             | are EPA standard)
             | 
             | > Since we know #4 (The PEA told us), we know #2 (Pipeline
             | Quality Gas is always <0.1% VOCs, and usually lower), and
             | #3 is a range (with modern cryo plants at the lower end),
             | we can simply go backwards to calculate implied flow rate
             | 
             | #1 is what this post is trying to calculate, to see what is
             | or isn't reasonable.
             | 
             | #4 is the PEA: https://www.faa.gov/space/stakeholder_engage
             | ment/spacex_star...
             | 
             | And is basically the starting point of all calculations.
             | Just Ctrl-F "45.8", the number that ESG_Hound uses in his
             | excel-spreadsheet. That gets you to page 44, the number
             | seems to check out. This post is trying to answer the
             | question: when they wrote this PEA, what assumptions did
             | the engineers make?
             | 
             | #3 is a reasonable assumption that doesn't change much.
             | 
             | The last variable is #2: which has two paths:
             | 
             | 1. 99.9% pure pipeline methane -- When we plug in 99.9%
             | pure methane into the calculations, the numbers are absurd.
             | This is a "disproof by absurdity". So we know it can't be
             | 99.9% methane from standard pipelines.
             | 
             | 2. Maybe its "raw" methane from a well (varies from 3% to
             | 10%). -- When plugging in these numbers, we calculate a
             | 4.77% VOC rate, which suggests that all the calculations in
             | the PEA were done __ASSUMING__ raw methane.
             | 
             | Now sure, our model isn't going to be the same model as
             | whoever prepared this PEA. but we're probably going to be
             | "within the same magnitude". Calculations, when done
             | independently, will rhyme.
             | 
             | -------------
             | 
             | It seems like a simple argument to me. What part of the
             | discussion are people getting tripped up on?
             | 
             | When using 99.9% pure methane, the amount of Mega-scf of
             | natural gas goes completely out of whack with any
             | reasonable excel-sheet formula. As such, 99.9% pipeline
             | methane cannot be the source of SpaceX's methane (at least,
             | not with the assumptions listed in the PEA).
             | 
             | Does anyone have a problem with any of the assumed numbers?
             | #1, #2, #3 or #4?
             | 
             | -------
             | 
             | So the QED is: SpaceX, when they wrote this PEA, assumed
             | they'd be using raw, untreated natural gas straight from a
             | well. Why would they make this assumption? Is SpaceX
             | planning to set up a pre-treatment natural gas plant inside
             | of Starbase?
        
       | GDC7 wrote:
       | Somehow people will find a way to spin this as a positive thing
       | and a rightful thing that lord Musk is doing for the future of
       | humanity(tm).
       | 
       | But Zuck is the devil for giving you the option (but not the
       | obligation) to watch pics of other people's vacations.
       | 
       | You know you study the game, you think you understand, you look
       | at the logic which should be the strong point of HN and reddit
       | type crowd...but in the end it always ends exactly where all the
       | other "lesser" social phenomenons end up:
       | 
       | it's all about that "OMG he's so emotional and like deeply cares
       | about it, I can see it in his eyes and his voice"
       | 
       | teenage girls, always looked down upon, understand their feelings
       | better than most adult men.
        
         | ShamelessC wrote:
         | ...what?
        
       | whatever1 wrote:
       | I like how we are hiking the fuel prices for the peasants to
       | reduce CO2 emmissions while we give free passes to billionaires
       | to extract and burn fossils for tourism purposes.
        
         | agar wrote:
         | > burn fossils for tourism purposes
         | 
         | Like airplanes? Like cruise ships?
         | 
         | Would it somehow be better if SpaceX just bought natural gas on
         | the open market, reducing available supply and thereby
         | potentially increasing price through market forces?
         | 
         | Are you suggesting we tax carbon so SpaceX has to pay tax on
         | the fuel they extract that could go towards clean energy
         | investments?
         | 
         | I'm not sure of the point you're making.
        
         | gradys wrote:
         | Are we doing that? Was some new gas tax passed in the US?
        
           | whatever1 wrote:
           | Last time I checked in Europe 80% of the gas price was taxes.
           | 
           | Last time that I checked in the US up to 30% of the fuel
           | price was paid for RINS, aka renewable energy certificates.
           | 
           | So yes we do pay for sustainability. Unlike the billionaire
           | explorers.
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | Space research and development is a huge part of
             | sustainability. It is literally our only chance to move
             | some polluting industries off Earth, at least long term. (I
             | do not expect to see it happening in my lifetime.)
             | 
             | Reusable rockets are a huge progress in space research.
             | People long thought them outright impossible or
             | impractical. And aside from SpaceX, no one has them yet.
             | 
             | ESA's model of throwing away the entire Ariane at each
             | launch is the very opposite of sustainable. It is an
             | expensive waste of money propped up by French military
             | interests.
             | 
             | (Not that the ULA, the Russians or the Chinese do something
             | different.)
        
               | rpmisms wrote:
               | > And aside from SpaceX, no one has them yet.
               | 
               | I agree with you generally, but Rocket Lab in NZ is also
               | reusing rockets.
        
       | mam3 wrote:
       | Elon is such a chad <3
        
         | ldjkfkdsjnv wrote:
         | :)
        
       | ESGHound wrote:
       | Hi, Author here.
       | 
       | FAA's document is subject to NEPA and table 2.1 in the PEA
       | considers the gas plant and power plant to be in scope. FAA is
       | the overseeing agency for this action so it doesn't matter that
       | it's not in "FAA's domain"
       | 
       | FERC and DOE do these types of NEPA approvals all the time and
       | include full EPA participation.
       | 
       | SpaceX and FAA didn't consult with EPA and that was likely
       | intentional. This is essentially an unprecedented action under
       | NEPA. Feel free to shoot emails or ask questions. Finally getting
       | lots of attention here.
        
         | smcl wrote:
         | I loved the TrashFuture ep you were on :D
        
       | stefan_ wrote:
       | The context here seems to be that SpaceX is in fact building an
       | old boring fracked well gas plant in federally protected land,
       | but because they cursorily mention rockets and call it a "methane
       | processing thingamajig" instead of what it plain is, the FAA who
       | has no experience doing environmental review but is involved
       | because rockets is all too happy to just nod it through.
        
         | Qworg wrote:
         | The EPA doesn't have a dog in this fight - the feds don't have
         | much of a role at all, unless it is on federal lands of a
         | particular class that would trigger special protections (ie
         | National Park).
         | 
         | Piping gas across state lines can involve the feds, or if they
         | impign on a wetland or waterway. There's no interstate commerce
         | to trigger any substantial federal involvement that I can see.
         | 
         | Texas was an inspired choice - California would have been a
         | knife fight regulatorily.
        
           | lvs wrote:
           | This is not entirely true. The EPA has federal authorities
           | under the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, and the Safe Water
           | Drinking Act to regulate wastes derived from extraction
           | activity into air and water supplies. The exemptions and
           | authorities are complex, but it's incorrect to say there's no
           | federal regulation over this activity in the state of Texas.
        
             | ESGHound wrote:
             | It's not true at all. Federal regulations dictate most
             | environmental standards and in top of that TCEQ is a very
             | competent and at times tough regulator.
             | 
             | EPA definitely has a dog in the fight, especially
             | considering that a 250 megawatt power plant would be a
             | literal "major stationary source" under the clean air act
        
               | Qworg wrote:
               | I was speaking directly to the well complex, not any
               | future power plant. The EPA is definitely involved in
               | that.
        
               | gpm wrote:
               | I don't know anything about this sort of regulation, but
               | it might be worth noting that the PEA does indicate that
               | SpaceX will be seeking a permit from TCEQ (on page 42 of
               | the PEA)
               | 
               | > SpaceX would apply for authorization under the Oil and
               | Gas Standard Permit with the TCEQ and adhere to any
               | permit conditions
               | 
               | https://www.faa.gov/space/stakeholder_engagement/spacex_s
               | tar...
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | > Texas was an inspired choice - California would have been a
           | knife fight regulatorily.
           | 
           | Inspired in the immediate profit sense, not in the long term
           | affects on your planet sense. SpaceX lives here too; it's
           | their planet too.
        
             | willvarfar wrote:
             | It's like the one company on earth actually concretely
             | trying to change that ...
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | Not in this case, apparently, and definitely not the only
               | company, not even in the auto industry.
        
               | avianlyric wrote:
               | Erm _Space_ X is in the aerospace industry, not the auto
               | industry. I mean, the name is a bit of a giveaway.
        
               | danielheath wrote:
               | I believe that was a reference to the mars colony goal,
               | not to protecting this planet
        
           | gpm wrote:
           | > Texas was an inspired choice - California would have been a
           | knife fight regulatorily.
           | 
           | California is also just on the wrong coast. You almost always
           | want to launch eastward so you get the free rotational
           | velocity from the earth to help you reach orbit, for the same
           | reason you want to be as close to the equator as possible,
           | and you can't (regulatory/safety wise) have a flight path
           | over land. From within mainland US the only reasonable
           | options are Texas and Florida.
           | 
           | The exceptions to this are polar orbits (for which the
           | rotation of earth just doesn't help) and the rare military
           | spy satellite that wants a retrograde orbit for ... reasons.
           | The US/SpaceX does launch out of california for those orbits,
           | but it's a small fraction of launches.
        
             | bserge wrote:
             | Not being able to fly over land seems ridiculous. Planes
             | fly over land, right?
             | 
             | Sounds like the same shit as nuclear power plant
             | regulations. As a civilization or even a species, we'll
             | "safety" our way into extinction.
        
               | geenew wrote:
               | Rockets also drop parts as they fly - see what's happened
               | in China with their inland launches.
               | 
               | https://spaceflightnow.com/2015/01/04/photos-long-march-
               | rock...
        
               | bserge wrote:
               | Here's hoping they get ahead of everyone else technology
               | wise.
        
         | speedybird wrote:
         | How could it be that SpaceX is answerable only to the FAA and
         | is immune to the EPA? Why is it on the FAA to regulate a well?
         | I think the author of the article should work on including a
         | bit more exposition and a bit less snark (if he actually
         | intents to persuade people, anyway.)
         | 
         | Also I'm a bit confused why people are surprised the methane
         | for these rockets will come from a well. Did people really
         | think Elon Musk was going to stick a hose up a cow's ass to
         | collect the methane?
        
           | zionic wrote:
           | I also don't see what all the fuss is about here.
           | 
           | SpaceX making a well to power the human colonization of mars
           | is a drop in the bucket vs all the other wells in the state.
        
             | boringg wrote:
             | I mean SpaceX is trying to colonize mars, if it doesn't
             | manage to pull off this risky gambit we might as well make
             | our only livable planet unlivable in the process. Seems
             | like a good way to operate. At least we will have some cool
             | space tech too.
        
               | twofornone wrote:
               | Spacex drilling a well to fuel its rocket is not going to
               | have any measurable effect on climate change. And an
               | "unlivable" planet is essentially a hypothetical black
               | swan event, extremely low probably worst case event. This
               | is hysteria.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | There is currently no known way a Mars colony could be
               | economically self sustaining or self contained. Literally
               | zero.
               | 
               | So unless there is something truly magical up someone's
               | sleeve, we need to keep Earth workable for us for the
               | foreseeable future. And I think that is a good thing.
        
               | bserge wrote:
               | Fuck Mars, all those asteroids are going to be way more
               | valuable for Earth. Getting to them needs the same exact
               | industry.
        
             | X6S1x6Okd1st wrote:
             | Ah yes, the "The ends justify the means" move.
        
               | consumer451 wrote:
               | I was just thinking about this phrase in regards to Musk
               | about ten minutes ago.
               | 
               | "The ends" are the most laudable things I can imagine:
               | electrifying the world and colonizing other celestial
               | bodies.
               | 
               | While I love the goals, I am afraid of what a mission-
               | driven person might rationalize and do to achieve them.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | The ends justify giving people like Musk wide latitude
               | but keeping them in check when the negative externalities
               | tip the scale away from the benefits.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | Yes, heaven forbids he drills 10,000th gas well in the US
               | on his way.
        
               | consumer451 wrote:
               | I was not thinking about gas wells at all. I have no
               | opinion there except I thought we were doing the Sabatier
               | reaction process to prep for Mars and be carbon negative.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Another thought to add here - he also gets paid very well
               | in a very concrete way to LOOK like he is doing those
               | things, and if he never gets in a spaceship but still
               | enjoys the billions? Hard life.
        
             | smoldesu wrote:
             | Well, what SpaceX is doing doesn't really matter. I can't
             | just show up to Arkansas and say I'm fracking for oil to
             | cure cancer and get hand-waved through. They're private
             | entities, no matter what they're doing, and they're subject
             | to the same scrutiny that everyone else puts up with.
        
               | ESGHound wrote:
               | This is not true at all. Doubly not true when your
               | program is subsidized by Federal dollars and takes place
               | adjacent to protected federal lands.
               | 
               | The FAA is subject to NEPA review, and hence any SpaceX
               | activity in this area must go through the same process as
               | every other industrial activity that impacts federal
               | interests.
        
               | randy408 wrote:
               | Surely you know by now that Elon/SpaceX will get its fuel
               | no matter what, even if it means trucking the fuel there,
               | seems to me your best case scenario will increase net
               | emissions.
               | 
               | Protecting the environment is not the point of this
               | stunt, is it?
        
               | smoldesu wrote:
               | Well my cancer cure is subsidized by federal dollars, and
               | our headquarters is right next to the post office. Can't
               | we just start drilling already?
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | That is ideally how it is supposed to work, but there are
               | many examples of regulations being bypassed and other
               | folks being stepped on to get a desired employer or a
               | potentially lucrative investment into a place.
               | 
               | It doesn't sound like it is happening here necessarily,
               | but it does happen pretty frequently.
        
             | groby_b wrote:
             | The big deal is that the well is seemingly exempt from the
             | regulation all other wells go through.
             | 
             | It doesn't matter what Musk does with the methane, what
             | matters is that he's at best exploiting loopholes and at
             | worst operating extrajudicially.
             | 
             | Also, SpaceX "powering the human colonization of Mars" is a
             | pretty huge sip of the Kool Aid there. Given the founder's
             | track record, it's about as believable as "fully self-
             | driving cars in a year".
             | 
             | But, more importantly, it's irrelevant to the problem at
             | hand, sidestepping the regulation process
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | File a complaint with the Texas Railroad Commission and
               | the US EPA, in all seriousness. If you need methane to
               | escape the gravity well, follow the rules like everyone
               | else in O&G.
        
               | politician wrote:
               | Well, apparently not everyone else [1]:
               | 
               | "The FTSE 250 group, which is the largest well owner in
               | the US with over 61,000 in its portfolio, found itself on
               | the defensive after a Bloomberg report said several wells
               | owned by the company were leaking methane, a highly
               | potent greenhouse gas."
               | 
               | [1] https://newsflash.one/2021/10/12/market-report-
               | leaking-wells...
        
               | speedybird wrote:
               | > _" he's at best exploiting loopholes and at worst
               | operating extrajudicially. [...] But, more importantly,
               | it's irrelevant to the problem at hand, sidestepping the
               | regulation process"_
               | 
               | Again, the EPA exists, so where are they in this? What
               | loophole is SpaceX using to skirt around the EPA?
        
               | oceanplexian wrote:
               | IMHO SpaceX should get an exemption for national security
               | purposes (For the same reason the US Military doesn't
               | need to abide by the EPA). Access to space is in the
               | national interest. I don't think something that has an
               | immeasurable impact on the climate is anywhere close to
               | being more important.
        
               | 8note wrote:
               | The EPA is also a national security concern. No need to
               | defend space that you've already turned into a toxic
               | wasteland
        
               | speedybird wrote:
               | > _The EPA is also a national security concern._
               | 
               | I strongly agree, but not for the reason you give.
               | Environmental destruction is likely to start more wars
               | than it prevents...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | DisjointedHunt wrote:
               | That's a serious accusation without evidence.
               | 
               | The document clearly states that Spacex has an
               | application with the FAA for the use of the land as a
               | Launch Site.
               | 
               | The subsidiary "Lone star mineral extraction" is an
               | entity that purchased another company along with all
               | their licenses for extraction rights in addition to
               | seemingly applying for their own licenses.
               | 
               | I'd recommend you edit your comment to correct it. There
               | is no sidestepping of regulations here, the regulations
               | themselves cover different things and the article makes
               | it sound like one set of regulations should cover these
               | activities while clearly saying that it currently does
               | not.
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | Given his track record? Who has a better one?
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | How's FSD looking?
        
           | dpierce9 wrote:
           | This is from 2016:
           | https://www.bizjournals.com/sanantonio/blog/eagle-ford-
           | shale...
           | 
           | It suggests the FAA's role is consideration of launch failure
           | and safety on the proposed plant. FERC also evaluated the
           | proposal. FERC doesn't really do environmental reviews.
           | 
           | Here is a document from April which at the time said EPA had
           | no comment on the draft environmental impact statement as
           | part of an interagency process: https://www.energy.gov/sites/
           | default/files/2021-03/SAR%20-%2...
           | 
           | In short, it looks as if all the usual players are engaged
           | here. While I suspect the FAA has considered the impact of
           | Oil and gas infrastructure on flight paths and airports, I
           | would guess their involvement in this kind of process is an
           | extra layer, not a circumvention.
        
             | speedybird wrote:
             | This makes sense. If the EPA is slacking and rubber-
             | stamping things, that warrants investigation and criticism.
             | But I'm not buying the angle that the FAA should be
             | expected to enforce the EPA's rules. That's what the EPA is
             | for.
        
               | criley2 wrote:
               | The EPA was utterly gutted over the past 4 years. The sad
               | part is that it takes much longer to rebuild than it does
               | to tear down. The EPA being unable or unwilling to
               | enforce environmental protections is by design.
        
               | reddog wrote:
               | Utterly gutted? How do you figure?
               | 
               | The EPA headcount was 14,779 in 2016 and was 14,172 in
               | 2020.
               | 
               | https://www.epa.gov/planandbudget/budget
        
               | speedybird wrote:
               | Supposing the EPA is gutted as you suggest (my sibling
               | comment suggests otherwise), it surely still has more
               | capability and expertise when it comes to environmental
               | regulation than the FAA. I think expecting the FAA to act
               | as a surrogate EPA is expecting too much.
        
           | DennisP wrote:
           | The ultimate plan is actually to make it from water and CO2
           | in the air, using the same tech they'll use to make methane
           | on Mars for the return trip. They're just not there yet.
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | Sure, and I have a bridge to sell you.
             | 
             | The technology already exists. Fundamentally (damn laws of
             | thermodynamics) it is also a energy negative process, and
             | hence expensive. It is far cheaper to just frack and burn
             | fossil fuels (where that energy expense was paid however
             | many millions of years ago by someone else), than it is to
             | expend the energy to reverse the process - even if they
             | were getting nearly free energy.
        
               | Denvercoder9 wrote:
               | SpaceX wants to make a roundtrip to Mars, though. There's
               | no fossil fuels on Mars.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | And if it doesn't make any economic sense to do it here,
               | where it is super convenient, shipping it to Mars (with
               | nothing of known value there to return or any known
               | economic model that could make it worthwhile) to do it
               | there is going to be worth it?
               | 
               | Not saying all human endeavor needs to have a healthy
               | profit margin. SpaceX _is a business however_ and besides
               | doing it for the lulz, or getting a government contract,
               | it doesn't make much sense to try to spin up colonies or
               | the like there. Everyone will starve and /or their US
               | backers will go bankrupt pretty quick.
        
               | politician wrote:
               | So you're just a typical No-Mars skeptic, got it.
        
               | elif wrote:
               | Yup and musk also argues in favor of a carbon tax. He is
               | openly hopeful that the fundamental economics will be
               | changed to make producing their own methane via Sabatier
               | economical.
               | 
               | It is up to the controllers of incentive structures to
               | change the fundamentals of commerce/ecology.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Pretty sure that would require something like a 5x cost
               | increase in carbon, though I can't find hard numbers
               | anywhere easily. Do you have any pointers?
        
               | elif wrote:
               | If musk followed strict economics as implied by your
               | premise, he would be launching disposable rockets with
               | Boeing.
               | 
               | who knows what expense space X would be willing to
               | shoulder to be sustainable... We are fortunate that it is
               | still privately owned, and isn't legally obligated to
               | pursue the financial interests of shareholders like all
               | the other players in aerospace.
        
               | gpm wrote:
               | > Pretty sure that would require something like a 5x cost
               | increase in carbon
               | 
               | 5x over what? The US doesn't have a carbon tax does it?
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | 5x over the current baseline cost of fuel.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | They will rely on the Sabatier process to produce fuel on
               | other celestial bodies. And the corresponding technology
               | must be tested first - why not in Boca Chica?
               | 
               | I don't think that anyone is trying to make the claim
               | that SpaceX will use the Sabatier process to fuel
               | Starships _here on Earth right now routinely_. As you
               | say, gas is cheaper to buy here on Earth. But they still
               | must have the technology mastered before they fly away
               | from the low Earth orbit.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | The process IS already mastered, depending on the bar you
               | set?
               | 
               | This isn't something unknown or theoretical.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | Yes, but you still need to design, assemble and test the
               | particular equipment you want to use, unless you can do
               | with off-the-shelf components.
               | 
               | And contemporary off-the-shelf components that perform
               | the Sabatier process aren't probably meant to operate
               | outside the Earth.
        
               | politician wrote:
               | Under STP and 1G, yes. Mars isn't at STP or 1G, so they
               | can't assume that the Earth-standard machinery will work
               | without modifications. This is a reasonable thing to
               | experiment with.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Which I was referencing with 'depending on the bar',
               | though it's a well understood enough process that those
               | variables are generally well understood.
               | 
               | Yet they aren't, correct?
        
             | mhh__ wrote:
             | Is it possible that they are in for the money and the grand
             | plan is just marketing even if they would do it if they
             | could?
        
         | plorg wrote:
         | They are also skirting a full environmental review by getting
         | it initially approved as a fuel processing plant only and then
         | getting incremental additions approved under a process with
         | less oversight. So while the plan was always to have a pipeline
         | and in addition to the NG plant, it was initially permitted
         | only for the NG part (under the deceptive description as
         | "rocket fuel") and to process relatively clean NG, and the
         | additional expansions are each deemed to be of "small" relative
         | impact compared to the initial project, until you have a much
         | more environmentally destructive facility that would never be
         | approved if proposed wholesale.
        
           | plorg wrote:
           | Replying to myself because I misremembered some of the
           | particulars: The Environmental Impact Assesment was initially
           | done for the rocket launch facility in 2014. All improvements
           | and changes have been conducted as small or incremental
           | changes, which require an amendment to the assessment, rather
           | than a new assessment, a process with much less oversight.
           | The fuel facility is being approved through the amendment
           | process even though it represents a substantial change, and
           | it has thus far excluded study of additional parts of the
           | facility that will be required for it to function as
           | presented.
        
         | coenhyde wrote:
         | Some more context. If I understand correctly this gas plant is
         | need to power a desalination plant which is need to produce
         | massive amounts of water which will be used to implement a
         | sound suppression deluge system that is required by the FAA.
         | Salt water will corrode everything and there isn't existing
         | water and gas infrastructure in place to lean on. ie they have
         | to build the stack from scratch.
        
           | phkahler wrote:
           | Or they want a gas well because super heavy and starship
           | engines burn METHANE for fuel.
        
           | cma wrote:
           | If it is for desalination why aren't they using solar, which
           | wouldn't even need storage in that application.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | Perhaps there's a more efficient place to build the facility,
           | perhaps someplace with abundant water so that you don't have
           | to spend all this energy to create it?
        
             | speedybird wrote:
             | I guess you're alluding to KSC or Cape Canaveral? As far as
             | I know they pipe their water in from a neighboring town. Do
             | they actually have enough fresh water to support the launch
             | cadence SpaceX is planning for?
        
             | gpm wrote:
             | I don't think there is.
             | 
             | You need water to your east (because you can't fly over
             | people for safety reasons), for a _really_ long way. As in
             | launches from texas have to dodge Florida, Cuba and all the
             | other islands over there.
             | 
             | You need very low population density (because rocket
             | launches and landings require large exclusion zones).
             | 
             | You need to be in the US, because of export restrictions.
             | 
             | You want to be as far south as possible, for efficiency
             | reasons (to get as much kinetic energy from the earths
             | rotation as possible).
             | 
             | You are looking at this launch site, attempting to acquire
             | a lot of land on Florida's coast (not really feasible
             | anymore, it's all occupied), or launching from tiny
             | islands/ocean platforms which will have the exact same
             | fresh water issues.
        
               | sbierwagen wrote:
               | >You want to be as far south as possible, for efficiency
               | reasons
               | 
               | It is absolutely true that a rocket launched at the
               | equator gets the biggest boost from the Earth's rotation,
               | but stuff isn't put into orbit just for fun, it's often
               | because you want it pass over a specified part of the
               | Earth's surface. To pass over CONUS you need some
               | inclination, and the more inclined an orbit is the less
               | assist you get from the planet's rotation. A polar orbit
               | (inclination 90 degrees) has no assist, and a sun-
               | synchronous orbit is slightly _retrograde,_ where you
               | then want to launch as far _north_ as possible, so you
               | don 't have to cancel out as much rotation velocity!
               | 
               | The Soviets put their launch site at 45.9 degrees north
               | not because they're bizarrely stupid, but because they'd
               | like their orbits to pass over Russia. Similarly, no
               | Starlink satellite has had an inclination lower than 42
               | degrees: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starlink#Constella
               | tion_design_...
               | 
               | Going forward, depending on how much interplanetary
               | traffic there will be, you can imagine Guiana Space
               | Centre (Which is currently hosting JWST, destined for a
               | Lagrange point) will see more traffic, but right now
               | almost everything has some amount of inclination.
        
               | gpm wrote:
               | For normal moderately inclined orbits the boost is still
               | greatest at the equator, just always less than for non
               | inclined orbits (until you start launching retrograde).
               | 
               | The soviet launch site was indeed chosen for other
               | reasons than maximizing payload... in particular I think
               | I recall that it was largely motivated by avoiding
               | launching over China, and being in an empty enough part
               | of the world that it's unlikely to kill to many people
               | (despite launching over land).
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | Thank you! Now I'm thinking of course ... Puerto Rico? I
               | don't know how much fresh water there is, or if there's
               | available and suitable land on the east coast. Are
               | Georgia or South Carolina too far north?
        
               | gpm wrote:
               | Hmm, no I don't think Georgia or South Carolina are too
               | far north, I'd be more worried that their coasts look
               | pretty populated - and generally I'd expect that to be
               | doubly the case around river mouths.
               | 
               | To put some numbers on the "north"ness.
               | 
               | Boca chica is at 26 degrees north, which gives you 416
               | m/s free velocity (1500 km/h) [1]. The southernmost point
               | of Georgia's coast is at 30 degrees or 401 m/s, the
               | southernmost point of South Carolina's coast is at 32
               | degrees or 393 m/s.
               | 
               | Actually calculating payload to orbit is more work that I
               | don't really want to do, but you can find someone else
               | who put in the work on this stack overflow question [2],
               | just for different latitudes and a different rocket. 28
               | to 30 degrees is roughly a .3% change in payload capacity
               | in their model.
               | 
               | You're definitely not the first to suggest Peurto Rico,
               | but I think you have the same problem of there not being
               | enough empty land [3].
               | 
               | [1] https://www.google.com/search?q=%28%282+*+pi+*+6378.1
               | 4+km+%2...
               | 
               | [2] https://space.stackexchange.com/questions/998/how-
               | much-of-an...
               | 
               | [3] https://www.quora.com/Why-don-t-we-build-a-rocket-
               | launch-sit...
        
             | justahuman74 wrote:
             | Because the rocket is so huge, they need to build it either
             | next to a waterway for barge transport, or right next to
             | the launch pad which has to be on the coast
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | Thanks. Next question: Inland waterways are fresh water,
               | and generally they carry the largest volume of water near
               | the coast, so why not build next to a river?
        
         | elif wrote:
         | did you read the article? they are building a methane refining
         | facility. The author is speculating that it will be capable of
         | refining gas which has been mined by fracking. that's the
         | extent of the story...
         | 
         | Please cite your claim of "SpaceX is in fact building an old
         | boring fracked well gas plant"
        
       | _3u10 wrote:
       | Isn't capturing and then flaring methane the environmentally
       | responsible thing to do?
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | That'll depend on where the methane is captured from.
         | 
         | A landfill, or reclaimed from cow shit? Sure.
         | 
         | An underground well, where it could've been left alone? Not
         | necessarily.
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | It's more responsible not to use natural gas, including by
         | reducing energy usage. It's also more responsible to respect
         | the rules made democratically by your fellow citizens then to
         | try to cheat them.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-10-16 23:01 UTC)